Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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' ·' .
Main motor - Spindle drive - Amm eter R. P .H. Per formance Diagram
Amme ter:
--------
I ndicatest he actual current consump-
tion of the drive motor .
l )
Th e belt pulley drive
1. 1
Drive for range of rev~!:!tlons l\CI_, AC2, AC3 I
Frott ~~tor pu lley l\ to main spindle pul ley C.
~~~~2~.!~~ -~~!~-~~!~~~~i
Loosen hexa~on nut (I).
- Lift rrotor up
- Put belt onto desired pulley
- Push do•.•n ootor and tigh ten hexagonal
sere...' .
- 3-jaw chuck ¢ Bo ~~
- Independent chuck ~ 9o rr~
•'
Hounting plate ¢ 9o mm
- Col l et holder for collets ES X 25 2. Function when screw-cutting
\. ,)
1. 2
Description of machine
Drive of slides
Technica l Data:
1. 3
Reduc tion step motor - feed screws
Steps (ang l e of step Traverse Read- out
Smallest slide moveme11t (for longi tudi - motors ) path (mm) 1/loo lr.fll
na l and cross slides)
l. Step (50) o , o138 I
~nen the step ~otor turns by so (with 2. Step (loo) o ,o277 3
the s mallest step the slide wi ll Eove
o , o138 r..m). 3. Step (1 5°) o ,o416 4
4 . Step ( 2o0 ) o , o555 6
,.. )
Hax. tool section : 12x 12 u.rn 3. Turn nut (1) un t i l tool b it r eaches
center height. Use center f or posi -
Positioning of tool bi t at center tioning of tool bit at cent er he i ght .
height: Tighten screw (2) and tool holder
with f ixing screw (3) . \ )
\ )
1. 4
De scription of machine
The tailstock
)
Drilling operation:
( I
1. 5
Position of tool holder
Positions of Toolholder
Front position
Back position
1. 6
Page 8 . 3/1.6 Position oftoolholder
) ()
Positions of Toolholder
Front position
<-._) ( )
Back position
( )
Tooling of COMPACT SCNC
( l ( )
1 = .275"
11= . 236"
• .. J>
SlOCV = ·-a
11
a = 11 X Sin .,e .236" x .o52"
. o12" approx.
a
So max. cutting depth for fa-
cing with 'r i ght hand side tool
i s .o12" (o, 3 rrc'll).
u \ )
Page 1.7/8. 5-8.15
j
The right hand side tool
r~,-- = s. . .
3. Radii:
- - · - --,.-
Exampl es of appl ication:
OPERATING HINT 2
1. 7
Working data
Working Data
= Cutting speed
Vs
rs (rev/min) =
Vs ( rr~/min)
d ( mm) x 7f
x looo
d = Dia . of ~>orkpiece
s = Speed of ma in spindle
Tne max . acceptable cutting s peed depends
on : - 3. Calculation of feed (F)
:}?~!?!:~- 9!_~!:'!;~
The larger the depth o f cut the s ~~lle r
the cutti ng speed .
1.8
Pa ge 1 .a; Worklng data
()
l ) Working Data
Vs [ mwute
f eet J- o UnclJ x')l:
12
x rpm
The l arg er the depth o f cut t he
sma lle r the f eed size . The sma ll er
the f eed s ize t he smoother the
s urface .
ca in spindle.
I •
Calcu l a t ion of feed I
~lcct~ x 12
S (rpo) ~
-- ··--
l1l i II
The charts on pages I. 10/1.1 I save
Dl i nch) x . the ca l culation ~ork.
I ( )
1.8
Page 1.1o/Cuttlng· values
Example:
( ) ( }
() ( )
. Diameter of workpieceQnch)
u )
1.10
Spindle speed
Exa mple:
1. 9
Cutting values
Example:
Diameter of workpiece: 4o mm
Cutting speed: I So rn/rnin
'lllerefo1:e: 12oo rp;;;,
m;.. . _ _ ___.
( )
3000
r'\. "' - .
1"-
I'
I'\
i'
0.
a:
"' " ""' "' "' i'\
r'\
I'- i'
I'- I'
r'\
100
5 10
Diameter of workpiece (mm)
:20
"' "" "' 40 50
i'\
100
~
200
1.10
Page 1. 11/Cuttlng values
Exrunple:
Spi ndl e s peed: 1200 rpm .
Feed: .0024" per revolu t i on
Results in feed speed: 2 .8" per Hinut e approx imately
Feed ch art
Conversion of feed(inch/rev into inch/min and vice-versa)
(
Fee d 1nc
· h per minute
7·.:>~
~~ ~<9.~ v~ 6'~ <P~ {:>~ ~f~~
.ooa - I
'<9-<
""
~
.004
,•
• ()030
. "'
I
"r\. "r\.. "1'\ "f\. I'-
F\.
' I' I'
'\. ' F\. '
. 003
·- "'"'- 1'\ '\
.002 tt
" -....•<;!-?
'\ "" !'\..
~"
.·902c 1\. 1'\. . I'
()
, 0!)i
•0016 • ""'
""'""" '
"' ~ 1"-
1'-
"' "
1'\
1"\
'\.
'\
'\
I'
I'
~
-!::::. . 00l2•
s:.
.~
"" "' "" "
" I" 1'\ '\
["\
r"\
[1\
1\
I'
You knoo"
- Dia~e ter o f ~orkpiece
- Feed size in rpm.
From the chart you select the feed in
II min.
Example:
Spindle s peed: 12oo r~.
Feed: o,o6 mro{rev.
Results i n feed speed: 7o ~~/min
Feed chart
~0. {t ~Q ~ v. ~
~0. ~0. ~ 0. 0. ~o. . 0a 19.
0,2
~fo "' -
"' "' "' 1'-
1'-
I"
0,1
1\. " :\. " :\. " 1'\ ' f'o.. f'o..
"' 1'-
'\. '\. ' i\.
"""" ~ I'-
~ ) ~ . " ' "' " "
-
1\.
:'\._
~
"" i'
["\. "'
1\. '\
O,OS
"f\
l"\i'
"" I\.
"""' "' ~
"'"" ~
I'
[\.
""1"- !"\ 1\.
1'\
['\
"" i'
0 ,01
"" ' ~
~
1'\
1\..
~
~
1'\
['\ i'
I ) 100 '200 1000 2000 3000
1. 11
I
2. Hand Operation
Operating elements 2. 1
Traverse indication 2.3
The Plus-Minus-Sign 2.5
Inching operation 2. 7
Switch over · 2.9
Input of traverse path 2.11-2.13
Cutting-off power of step motors 2. 15
I j Positioning the tool 2.17 - 2.19
I
(
(~.n~wwns)
UOfleJadQ pueH SIUawa13 6uneJado
OPERATI ON EL£~:ENTS - HAND-OPERATED
!!DUUU~[ff)--
COIIP.tCT S CIIC a~
•
t.
L
•••
Turn key to the right. Nachine The slides can only be coved
and control system are c nerg i z<?d . by hand when lamp (7 } is on.
6 . Knob for set ting feed rate If you press the feed key and
the rapid travers e key at the
In z -clirection (saddle ) a nd x- di - same tirr.e , y ou a chie ve rapid
rcction (cross sli.de ) . !nf inite ly movement o f sacldle or cross
variable from lo - ~ oo rr~/min. slide. J
2. 1b
Page 2. 1b ./ 2.1c
TO point 4
To adjust s peed with in a range
TO adjus t spind le speed of the machine
'•'ithin any given range simply t\trn the
control knob until the spindle speed dis -
p lay shohs the desire d speed .
) To point 6 : ()
Knob for setting feed t·ate .
Infinit ely variable from lo- 4oo roro/roin .
tllat is . 4" to 16".
The va lues on the front pla t e sho·.< the
f eed i n rrm per minute.
2 . 1b/2 .1 c
Page 2.1b/2.1c
() To point 8:
(
Tip opera t ion: if you just tip the x or
Z keys s lightly, t he relative s lide
will move by 0.000546 .
Calculation of actual traverse paths:
NUJ:'.ber of s t eps
• traverse path in mm
72
() ( )
Steps (angle of Traverse path Indication/read-
s t .e p motor I in inch out in 1/looo inch
.
.
.
To point 9:
324 = - . 324"
To poin t 12:
u l J
2 . 1b/2 .1c
16
11
14
15
5 4 12 8
14 . [DEL) key
I I. Switch key : hand-operati on to l'lhen pressi ng the DEL ke y, you
CIIC-operati on clear x- and Z- display nurbers (co~
pare exercise ) .
If you press the koy lil\HD/CNC, the
light ju:nps f rom control lamp hand- I 5. The X/Z switch over key Fl
ope ration to contro l lamp CI>C-opera-
\'"hen operati ng the f ol"Ward key 1+1 ,
tion. If you press again , the light
the display is shCY~i ng patl\ x, jumps
jumps back. to path z and vi ce versa . So you can
read both paths (X + Z) .
N G X Z F A
..
" 'rr:\\""".*" 000000
~
16 . Input key~
~Qu.Q_:EJ
•'""""
IIIIII 0~
(Corr.paro exercise )
Hand Operation
H G I l ,- A
-" 0 0 0 0 0 0
~ -~
o.~::o I I o9
·8 00G8 n:3
000!3§1 With hand-operation you can carry out
longitudinal turn ing and facing.
B¢-B 0000 •!• The feed ra te can be set by usi ng the
El G0EJB El knob.
H G Jt Z f A
...... ,. 0 0 0 0 0 0
~ -~
o.~:B I I o9
~ ) ·8 00013 El
00GEJ ~'3
TRAVERSE ~:OVEMENT OF SLIDES
NGi lF A
.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0
~ ·~
o ..~:EJ I I o9 RAPID TRAVERSE OF SLIDES
-8.EJ0G8 ~,3
00013 El I f you press the direction key and the
rapid traverse key at the same time ,
B¢-8 CD000 •!• the slide will rrove with rapid traverse
El GGEJB B speed. Test it.
( )
Traverse indication on read-out
N G X Z F A
000000 9
I ol o - w~en you switch on the machine , on the
digital read-out appears 0 .
II G X Z F A
000000 9
0
- If you traverse in ~Z-direction, the
\ read-out darkens , the Z- l amp lights up.
)
2.3
J
---- --- - -- ---
( ) }
1/GX "'""'Z F A
- If you press one of the )(-keys , the
0 0 0 0 00
9 lights jumps t o ')(. The traverse path
1oool o appears after you release the key (with
X • I" the read- out indicates looo)
2.5
~--------------------------------------------------------------P--Iu__
s-Minuss~
II G X Z
0000 00
"" F A
9 - If you press one of the X-keys, the
light ju~ps to X. The traverse path
1000 !o appears after you release the key (with
X = lo ~ the read-out indicates looo)
)
) Plus sign
II G X Z F A
000000
9 - If you move the cross or longitudinal
[ sool o slide into plus-direction, you see on
the digita l read-out only the nur.~er .
Nlnus Sign
N G X Z F A
- I f you move the s l ide £nto minus- direc-
000000 9 tion , you see on the left side of the
read- out a point.
I• sool o The point i ndicates the "- " sign.
\
)
2 .5
'
Page 2 . 1 Inching ope ration
()
Inching operation
( ) ( )
I. pa t h ( 50) o , ooo546 I
2. pa th (l ov) o , oo l o9 1
3 . oath C1 5° ) o oo164 2
4 . path ( 2ov) o , oo218 2
s. pa t h (25 ) o , oo273 3
6. pa th ( )Ov) o , oo328 3
.
.
(> ( )
EXERCISE:
2. 7
Inching operation
Inching operation
l )
IOX8RCISE :
2-n-. ".,.
1 . l·!o ve slide s according to dra·.·dng from
point 0 (pos ition when swi t ching o n)
to poi nt I and point 2 .
1
/0 ~ l 2. Check by p ressing key G whether lon-
gitud i nal s lide (Z - direc tio n) and
c ross s lide (X - d i r ection) have rr.-oved
1.. 5,83 ..; accor di ng ly .
2. 7
Switch over from X to Z
II G X Z F A
.,. . 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 ..~ ~
o ...Q;.,:B I 4201 o
r t'"/ r.'""
E1
000§3 El Exaltple :
[!J(IJ(IJEi} 0'~
BPB CD00§1 ,z, - Tho lar.p X ligh ts up. On tho digi t a l
read-out the traverse path in X-direc-
El G0EI8 El tion is indicated .
( )
""' . """'
II G X Z F A
0000 0 0 ~
g·C©;.B I 22ool 0
000 §3 El
rr/~:
0(IJ(IJEi} Ot~
- Press key 8 . The light j UJips fro:J x
E) to Z. The read-out sh~~s the trave rse
BPB CD00§1 ,z, path in Z- direction . I f you press key
1 ~1 aga in, the indication jumps back to
El G0EIB El X.
II G X Z F A
I I
0 ..~
""'. 0 00000 ~
o ".G.F·B I
rl'"lM
I 0 Press key iDEL I
000~ El
Only the value of the indicated ax is will
E1 be se t at zero.
00G~ Or3 If you want to set both axi s at zero , you
B P B CDCDITJ §1 ,z, have to change over the indication after
first de l e ti ng the Othet· ax i s (pt·ess ke y
El G0EI8 El E l) and press (DELl again .
SUHMR'i
2.9
)
Page 2 . 11 Input of traverse path
( )
2. 11
Input of traverse path
I
.,
Input of a certain traverse path
0 ~~~~!?!~~
You want to t rave r se ·.-ith th e c r oss slide
f ro.u point 0 to point I , i . e . 3,25 rrm in
C? x-d i rection. The digi t al read- out sha ll
[
1 i ndicate value o at poi nt I.
N G X Z F A
""'~ 0 0 0 0 0 0
o "A ~
Ou.Q;;,B
r:.../tt\1\
I I 0
)
E1 0001i3 §]
000~ lll3
~ #r ~ CD00 §J 'l' I. X- lamp h as to ligh t up .
EJ G0EJB 8 2 . Press key fiN~. x - lamp l i ghts .
Example :
2
Traverse with slides from point 0 to I
and 2. At point 2 t he l·e a d - o ut shal l ind i -
cate 0 f or X-and Z-va lue.
on
Atten t ion :
0 1
You can put in the x-value only i f X- lamp
~ lights up , and Z-val~1e o nly if Z-l amp
I lights up . S·,;itchi ng over f rom X to Z-
l--3,25 - value indication by pressing key 1-1 .
2. 11
Page 2 . 13/ Input of traverse path
n <)
Example
Haterial : 1\lwninium
Cutting speed: 660 feet per minute
Feed size : .002 " per revolution
Ma x . depth of cut: .05"
Tool: righ t hand side t ool , carbide tipped
calcu l ate:
l. R. P.H.
2 . Feed ra t e ( l
3 . Bear in mi nd app l icat i on of right hand
side tool .
/"\J
i .J
__:;.. -
-&
. . --~ \
I 1
- .6"- ...
. 8"
16' ...j
() ( )
() ()
2. 13
J
Input of traverse path
Example
Nate>:ial: aluminiun
Cutting speed: 2oo ~~/m in
Feed s i ze : o , o5 ~m/>:ev.
l·la x. depth o f c ut: 1 m:n
Tool: right hand side tool, carbide tipped
Calculate :
I. R.P . ~I.
2. Feed r ate
) 3 . Bear in mi nd application of r ight hand
side tool .
~
- I- ·- -&
~- -
l - - -1- ~ ,
T 1
I I i $
15-
---20 -
~------- 40 ------~
t )
I )
2.13
Switching off step motors
( )
Procedure (no program stored):
II GXZ FA
""'" 0 0 0 0 0 0 :::\, I . S',;itch to Ct:C-operation: press key
() "A
o ..~:B I 641 o
::!.r fH/Cl
2 . Press key (-.. 1 Light jumps to G
-~
8 0008 ~
000~ l'lt9
3. Put in[§!@] • Nurrber appears on
read-out .
B tifr E1 QJ00 §!. •t• 4 . Press !:ey liNP~ Step rr~tors are
El G0EJB B switched o f f .
( )
\ )
2. 15
- ..-
---------------- -------- ----------
( )
Scratching
u 2. 17
)
Position of tool bit
Z· value X·value
Scra tching
)
Pay attention:
2. 17
----
------ ----
------
2.19
Position of tool bit
Positioning
~al~t;_L_Zero-posi tion
)
I. ~~ve tool bit 5 ~~ in +X- directi on.
5 .. 1 II
N G X Z F A
Tne t raversed paths are indicated in x-
000000 9 and Z-direct ion o n read-o ut. By pressing
the key the indication j umps froJ X
I• sool o to z and vi ce-versa, without any traverse
of the tool bit.
2. 19
J
I
I
( I
3. CNC·Operation
( )
I. } Operating elements 3. 1
Summaries 3. 3-3.4
Metric/Inch machine 3; 5. 3. 6
NC-Machine 3. 7
CNC-Machlne - Main elements 3. 8. 3. 9
What happens in CNC-Manufacture? 3. 10 · 3. 13
CNC-Machine - Hand operated machine 3.15·3.17
Setting up an NC-program 3.19·3.31
Coordinate system 3.33
Description of traverse path 3.35
Kind of program 3.37
Geometrical information 3. 39-3.45
Feed 3.47
Preparatory functions (G·functions) 3.49
External structure 3.51·3.53
I} The format 3.55
Page 3 . 1a
() (
5. Address 1':
- Feed speed with preparatory functions
G01 /G02/G03/G84
u !l<iS.9.!\!..t1Q•U 1/1o inch per minute with -
( )
out decimal point .
!'2'!S_i2~e- ~'!.1~'!!'!: 1-199 tha t is
.1-19.9 inch pe r minute .
(.) ( )
3. 1a
Operating Elements CNC-Operation
(Summary)
Scheme
I. Address N
Block nu=bcrs 00 - 95 (96 blocks)
2. Address G
Path functions GOO/GO I/002 . . ..
3. Address X
Traverse path (coordi nati) in X-direc t ion
in hu ndredth of tMI; 0 - - 5999
Tne input 5999 correspo nds to 59, 99 u~
traverse path.
4 . Address Z
Traverse path (coordinate) in Z- di rection
in hundr edth of ~; 0 - ~39999
Tne input 39999 correstponds to 399 , 99 em
traverse path.
5 . Address F
I - Feed speed 0 - 499 rr~/min
- Th read pitch from 1-499 (in 1/loo c~)
6. Remarks:
I n this column you ente r notes s uch
as right hand side tool, boring t ool,
worki ng step, etc.
3. 1a
c
0
-.;
...
('0
Q)
Q.
0I
0 (
z
0
...c
(/)
Q)
e
--w
Q)
......c0
0
0
"0
c('0
I
c
·-....0..
('0
Q)
Q.
0
3. 1b
J
- - _.. ~
Tne ammeter indi cates the actual cur- 12 . 4 • Delete key !DELi To synchronize main spindle drive and
r ent consumption of the drive motor. feed drives; besides that for display
To protect the motor agai ns t overload, 12.5 . Reverse l<cy IREVJ of zpindle speeds .
the current consumption muct not e x- The display signal will jump back 1~ . Perforated disc with impulse ge-
ceed 2 ~~pe rc at continuous operation . block by block, when operating nerator
The load can be diminished by r educing IREVl
depth of cut, feed rate or belt posi- To control load of drive motor of main
12 . 6 . Forward key !FivDJ spindle.
tion . (safe range) '.!"he display signal ...i ll jump f or-
ward block by block (NOO - N01 - Sec ~lso p~ge 1. 1, chapter: Load control
8 . Cassett e dock (acccssorv) N02 e t c . ) . of motor.
Page 3.4/ Summary
)
( ) 0
A09 Pro2ram not found; no G22 pr~rruuned Press key (It1Pf + (F't1Dl
on t ape
Pro2ram interruption
AIO Writing protection active Press ke y (IN P) + (REV)
All LOading mistal<e Delete program
Al2 Cl!ecl<ing mistal<e First press @IDJ then (INPf
Block n~-~er mus t be i ndicated.
( )
( ) Delete alarm
Press key ImP) + IREvf
3. ONLY NITH ~!E'l'RIC/INCH TYPE fo'.ACHHIE
Correcti on of input
Al3 Incii/Hil limeter change over with
Press key~ put in correct value ,
f ull program c~~o•y
press key (INP!.
Al4 wrong path di mens i on for loaded
prog r am Cassette tape ope ration
See chapter 7
Inputs -z
Plus -~linu s inputs of X,Z- values ( )
J
Plus inputs : Figures to be put in with-
out sign
Minus i mputs : after input o f figures
press key E) .
Input of figures
l)
3.4
/
Page 3.3 / I nch Summary
( )
Summary
Path functions - Block form ats 92:~ - Lone). turni ng cyc_!e (c an cycle )
+ +
N . . /G8 4/ X- .. .• /Z- .. ... /P ...
GOO Positi oning with rapi d t r averse
x-axi s: + G6 5 Hagnetic tape opera tion
N•./GOO/X- ..• ./
G65
Z-a xis :
+ , , , ,/
II, ./GOO/ XsO/Z;-, G6 4 St ep ootor without powe r =
(does not go in to u.emory, bu t is a
siu:ple s witch funct ion)
GOI Li nea r I nterpolat ion
x-axis:
II, . /GOI/X-+ .... /Z=O/F . • .
( ) ( )
z-axis: +
IL ./GOI/X• O/Z- ..•• ./F
Taper : + +
II . . /GOI/X- .... /Z- .. , .. /F ...
I. CNC-Ope r at.ion
G03 Circ ula r inte rpolation (counter-
clockl..-i so ) AOO Wrong G-instruct i on
+
N • ./G03/X- . . . . /F . • .
AOI Wrong radius inout
Possi b l e radii: / So/l oo/1 5o/ 2oo/
G20 Hold 250 ... .•... ... 1950
II .. /G20 {
A02 \;rang x-value
X=O t o x· ~ 1999 possible
G21 Empty li ne
N . • / G21 A03 Wrong F-value
Fl to F499 possible
G22 Program end 1104 \;rang z-'va lue
N •• /G22 . +
z;o to zc - 1 999~ possible
Summary
Path functions - Block formats G94 LOng. turning cycle (can cycle )
+ +
N.. /G64/X- .... /Z- .•.•. /F ...
GOO Positioning with ~apid traverse
x-axis: G6S Hagne tic tape operation
+
N •• /GOO/X- .... I
G65
z-axis :
+
N •• /GOO/X=O/Z=- •.... I C-64 Step c:otor without power -
(does not go into memory, but is a
simp l e switch function)
GO I Linear Interpolation
x-axis:
+
N •• /GOI/X- ... ./Z=O/F ...
( ) z-axis:
N.. /GOI/X=O/Z-+ ....• /P
Taper:
N.. /GOI /X-+ .... /Z-+ .. .. ./P ...
I. CNC-Operation
G03 Circular interpolation (counter-
c l ock•dse) AOO Wrong G-instruction
+
N, ./G03/X- . . . . / F .•.
AOI Wrong radius input
/1'. oo Possible radii: 25/So/loo/1So/2oo/
G20. llold .... 59oo
N •• /G20
) A02 Wrong x-value
+
X=O to Xc -S9oo possibl e
G21 Empty line
N• ./G21 A03 Wrong F- value
Fl to F499 possible
M 30
G22- Program end A04 1\rong Z-value
N •• /G22 Z=O to Z= t39999 possible
3.3
Summary
See chapter 7
Inputs -z
Plus -:•linus inputs of x, z - valucs
Input of figures
( )
3. 4
Page 3.6/ Metric/Inch machine
( )
Rapid traverse feed: 2, 75 in~h/rnin Only with tape oparation, mode o f opera-
tion LOAD.
Feed "hand-operation": o ,4- 16 inch/ min
You find a code on the tape indicating
Conversion for i nch feeds "hand-opera- whethe r the stored data are in metr i c o r
tion: inch.
!!!::.e~y.:-
Switch over selection knob to metric ,
alarm sign disappears .
llwnber of steps
• traverse path in ~~
72
. .
. .
. .
I
u
•
;j.t)
Page 3 . sJMetric/lnch machine
()
Condition :
Measures:
() I. Press lxNPj +!REV~ alarm sign disappears ( )
2. Delete inch or metric program
u
3.5
Metric/I nch machine
Condition:
~easures:
~~~~!.?!!~ Z-values :
x-value • o ,1 34'' ---------
Z=O to Z= ±19999
Input: 134
Otherwise alarm A04
( ) 2 . Input of thread pitches :
Feed • 1, 2 i nch/min
Input F = 12
3.5
Metric/Inch machine
-----------------------------------
Further technical data AlarmA14
Rapi d traverse feed : 2, 75 inch/min Only wi th tape operation, r:ode of opera-
tion LOAD.
Feed "hand-operation": o, 4- 1 , 6 i nch/ min
You f ind a code on the tape indicating
Conversion for i nch feeds "hand-o,eera whethe r the s t ored d a t a are in me t ric or
t i on: i nch .
~:!:-:3'1.:-
Swi tch over se lecti on knob to rr~ tric ,
alar~ s i gn disappears .
Nunber o f ste2s
• traverse pat h i n rnrn
72
Inch traverse 2a th :
)
Nurrber o f ste2s Travers e path
72 : 25 ,4 - i n i nch
.
.
)
3. 6
NC-machine
What is a CNC-Machine?
NC-1-!ACHINE
CNC
~ AC
( )
These meanings change quite often in Today NC- machines comprise all types
their daily use. NC-~4chines were origi- CNC, DNC or AC types .
nally W4Chines with nurr.erical control,
but no microprocessor. Today such rna-
chines are obsolete . The program was
read in direct ly fro m the perforat ed
tape.
' )
3. 7
CNC-machlne - Main elements
. '
Data Input: - Data on digital read·out
'
Via keys or magnetic tape
(
Interlace element: Output element
can be compared to -+ Lei's call him
a secretary press speaker.
Central Processing Unit
o Microprocessor. Let's
call it the director.
He delegates, takes de·
cision, calculates.
A watch gives him the
. feeling lor time, but
he does not have any
specialist knowledge.
Operating program
(EPROM) =
• ' Memory = RAM
Remembers the
specialists. program
They know
everything.
l
Machine Amplifier (foreman)
3. 8
---------------------- - CNC-machine - Main element:
-
CNC-Machlne Main Elements
Digital read·out
Central processing
' unit ~ Microprocessor
\ )
Operating p rogram =
EPRO MS (Specialists)
3.9
What happens in CNC-manu facture?
)
What happens in CNC-Manufacture?
Digital read-out
Amplifier
(foreman) 7
CNC·Mac hine
3. 11
What happens In CNC-manufac ture?
-------------------------------
)
___,,.
,
••
__ ~
Aluminium
3.13
CNC-machlne - Hand operated machine
(Summa ry)
H<>nd ope rated r.achine CNC-machine
L£~-~~
r,;;;-
'o '--Ill T
~' :1
:.-
Necessary Infermatlon
Techn i ca l drawing
)
--l /
.•.
Necessary m eans
Lathe v
Chucking devi ces
(chuck , center , e t c . ) v
)
Turning tool
..;
Reading of t echnic a l
dra·.. i ng v
Kna.. ledge about ch aracter-
is tics of tur ning tools
v
~~
Rough ing tool
Copying tool
)
Side tool
etc .
3.15
.
CNC-machlne - Hand operated machine
·--------------------------------------------------- ·--
Differences In manufacture, using a
)
Hand operated or a CNC-machine -
Continued
Technological information
+ Feed ra t e
+ Cutting depth
Execution
\ )
to control the machine
..•
... ~- :.:.
+ Input of ~;c-program
l il l:= ~
+ Exe cution
3. 17
Program
~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~~
Setting up an NC-Program
Scheme
Kn~Nledge is necessary
concer ning machine and
syste~ of contro l
IProgram input l
Operator oust be a•Nare
II
of different input pos-
sibilities (input di-
rectly on oach ine, in-
put via perforat ed
tape, via magnet i c
IHachine tape, etc .)
l )
3. 19
Program
What is Programming?
Programming lt.<:!ans to feed t he compu-
ter with such data which it under-
stands.
The operator does not understand the The CNC-mach i ne does not understand the
Chinese corrmands , because he does no t human l a nguage.
speak this language.
( )
3.21
Program
Procedure :
l I
Determining of program structure .
\ )
3.23
Program
3.25
Program
)
Determination of program
A talk bet~een a progra~~ing specialist
and an operator could run as fol lo~s :
The specialist wants information h~~
the workpiece (co=pare exampl e of pre-
vious page) is being canuf actured.
~l?~:!~!~~E.:
May I sum up?
You rr..ove
) - +- s
--.f. • ·~ - - .
the cross slide
by 6 rr.~
_ L _ -~ __.._ away from you
speed can be such , tha t you still
can read the handwheel scale.
~!:!!:!!!:~:.:.
Ho xt operation : I r.ove t he longitudi nal
s lide by 2 1 rJD .
~e~:~!!g!!~.:.
In which direction?
~~~:!!!!~!: !:.:.
Please expl a in to ~e . what you do in
order to manufac t ure thi s workpiece? I ~!::!!!:~!::.:.
see that the tool bit is counted and Towards the headstock.
the main spindle is running.
~(?!!~!~!! !!~.:.
~~!::!!!:~!::.:. 00 you move at a certain speed?
-z o;ove the cross s lide by 6 IUD .
~!:!:!!!~!::.:.
~E~:!!!g;;:!;.:.
Yes . This feed is selected by myse lf. It
In •.rhich direction? You can move it to-
depends on the raw material , the mate ri-
wards you or away from you.
a l of the t ool bit, the surface of the
workpiece to be achieved and on a few
<?!?~:!!~~: :. other factors .
I move i t away from me .
~e!::!~!!!!~.:.
~e!::!!!!!!!~.: I sum up:
Do you have to do this at a certain speed? You move
the l ong itud inal slide
~!::!!~~:.: by 21 IUD
in dire ction headstock
No, but t he quicker I do it , the more
at a cert ai n f eed rate
economical it ·.<ill be . But 1 still
must be able to read the sca l e on the Thank you Hr. Operator, I shall take
handwheel. e ve ry}hing into account !
3. 27/3. 29
Program
(
Brain storming of the specialists, program structure
Absolut e or 1 ~c re =en ta l7
~~ich lr.put f ineness?
o , I m , · O, o l r..:l o r o,ool r..=?
t )
( )
h"hat else d o I have to proq r &::~?
3.31
J
Coordinate system
( l
3.33
Description of traverse path
You move
the longitudinal slide
in direction headstock
by 21 run
at a certain feed rate
3.35
Prog ram
~ I Absolute
The path i n formation is given from a
star t ing poi nt.
;,..- ..:::>
Incremental
Each point (place) is the reference
point (place ) for the following mea-
s urerr.ent.
3. 37
Jl
f'uture of 1\C- Lower purchase prices, higher cut ting capacity, p rec ision,
a:ach!nes speed, longer life, easy progra~ng will fur ther increase
the number of NC-machines: experts estimate that the nurrber
will quintupl e unt i l 199o.
( )
J
Geometrical Information
Geometrical Information
The geome trical information is in the
t echnica l dra~ing .
Lettering of drawing
Can be done according to the incre::.on-
tal or to the absolute system. In 10any
cases you find a corrbinat ion of these
ti<O s ystems : increnental and absolu te .
r· ·-t.
t-·-
~
t
·-r--1-·- .
b
____i
r./1
~
0
....
--t '
b ·-t j
.
"i ;
Combined system
The measurements I and 2 are absolute
ones , i . e . based on one poin t of re-
ference . The measurements 3 and 4 arc
increr..ental ones.
,~----- --- -- -@
---- ----®
3.39
)
Geometrical information
Methods of Programming
In the program you have describe in each
block t he path of the turning tool . Basi-
cally there are t•o·o methods to describe
th i s path.
-x
2 1 (Jq,
IS
4 3 -i
1/ •"'
o ·~
(~
"'~ -
5 !/ l l +Z
-z
~
( )
+X +X
X z X z
-3 0 -3 0
-3 -2 S' 0 -z.s
-Z -2 5 1 0
-2 _t; 0 --IS
0 -6 l -2.
)
3. 41
Geometrical In formation
Exercises
X Z
·+
--:2
.. f rom re ference point 0 t o re-
·-1
1 ference poi nt I, etc .
I
-1 2 3 <l z X Z
l ) ~1 .
.
2· I 04
3 I
~3 .
+X
-~
-X ·- ·2,
- · 2t -x I
1 --1
-1
2. ·3 ·2 -1 2f. 2
4 ·3 -1 ~1 I 2 3 4 .1
-z +Z -z +Z
l - 3. ·~f t. -+
-
•• +
~
3.43
Geometrical In formation
Advantages - Disadvantages
--· . -
r-10· - 15-
25
Advantage: Advantage:
If you have to change the position of This system is in many cases simpler.
point 1, all othe r points still re-
main unchanged. Disadvantage:
Disadvantage: If you have to change one point, a ll
follcwinq enos will have to be
In scme cases more di fficult changed as well.
Point I has to be changed to poin t 1'. Since point I was changed, also the
The description for points 2 and 3 re- description for points 2 and 2
cains unchanged. chanqes.
X z X z X z X z
- 1 -1 - -l,S' - O!i . -1. -1 - O.t;
l I _ /( -2.S --1 - 'L,> . 0 - ,., S' OS -Z
0 -l.~ 0 -ZS' 4 0 0
3. 45
Pa9e 3. 4 7/Feed
incM ev
--H-;;.;.~m/rev
I. Peed size: inch
r1 = inch/rev. F1 = m:n/rev.
( ) (
rml/min
inchifnln
Inch Z.!etric
Conversions
Inch Metric
( I ( )
Feed size (FI l to feed speed (F 2 l Feed size (F 1l to feed speed IF2l
r 2 Gnch]=
min. s[r~vJ p cnch]
m1n. x 1 rev. l =
F2lmin . = J s[rev· J ~ x FI [= J
rev.
f' l [_!.nchl =
rev.j
F l inch]
s
2 linin.
crev]
oin .
F1 c- l
revj =
On industrial oachines you r.!ay pu t in Ni th the CO!·IPI\CT 5 CNC the feed does
not depend on the spindle speed, so
the feed in mm/re v . and run/min . On the
C~~PACT 5 CNC the food is put in i n
you have to calculate t he f eed size or
u IMI/min.
look for it in tho chart .
Feed
I. Feed s i ze
Convers ion:
F (m.11/min)
F (rrm/rev) a
S (rev/min)
3. 47
G-functlons
()
>< + GOI
G02
Slides rr.ove at right angles and/ or at
progra~~e d ang les with progra~~e d feed .
G2 1 Hold
( )
G22 Program end
3. 49
Page 3. 5Yfxternal structure
n ( )
I. l1or d: 4. 1\ord:
Address letter N Address letter z and n urr~ers
The f irst colurrm carries t he b l ock z means z-axis . The numbers indicate the
number . traverse path in Z-d irection . Z +2o5o
You put in: 00 (first s t ep o f operation) means 2 .o5o" in plus Z-direction.
01 (2nd s tep of operation)
etc . N G X z F Bern
N G X z F E .00 Otl-
-- - 42.5" 1 ~50
Q.L _QL
00 - ()
01 .
5. 1\ord:
2. l~ord: Address l e tter F and numbers
Address letter G and numbers F is the abbreviation of " feed" . FIOO
G is the sycbol for t he operation tube means a f eed of l o inch per minute.
done . Each number means a certain ~~ve
ment, e .g. ol straight line u.ovement, N G X z F Bem
o3 circular rr.~vement, etc.
00 01
N G X z F Bern Otl 03
00 01 12t; 1--
Ot! 0~
(J ()
3. 1\ord:
Address lett er x and numbers
X means x-ax i s . The numbers indicate On industr i al CNC-rnachines there are
the traverse path in X-d i rection. The fur t her 1-:ords in use.
number can have "+" or "-" sign .
X +125 means .125'' i n plus X-direction. Spe ed of main spind l e (address letter
S)
Tool for the relative block (address
N G X z F Bern letter T)
Suppletr"' ntary miscellaneous f\lnctions
00 01 1l5 zoso --
100- - - (address let t er ~l )
0-1 01
etc.
u (_ )
3.53
External structure
I. Word: 4. l;ord:
Address l e tter N Address letter Z and numbers
The first colurr~ carr ies the block z oeans z - axis. The nurrbers indicate the
number . t raverse path in Z- dircc tion . Z+2o5o
You put in: 00 (first step of operation) ceans 2o , 5 rnm in Z-direction.
01 (2nd step of operation)
etc. N G X z F llem
N G X z F E I· 00 -=0~1_, __1:::2."-
S_ 105
~0::.....__1--·1--
00 Qi_ ~0~3-~-----~-------I----1---
01
- :- - -·
5. l;ord :
2. I~ Ord: Address letter F and nur. Ders
Add ress letter G and numbers F is the abbrev iat ion of " feed". Floc
G is t he s ymbol for the dime nsion. mea ns a f eed of l oo rr•-:> per mi 1mte.
Each number mea ns a cer t ain movccent ,
e.g. 01 stra i ght on moveme nt, OJ cir- N G X Z F Bern
c ular ~~vement , etc .
00 . .2.2._ _...i£L 2.050 100
N G X z F S.m 01 03
00 01 12S '-
01 03
--
( ) 3 . h"ord:
Address l etter x and numbe rs
On industrial o;c-machinos there are
x cea ns x-axi s . The nurrhers indicate the f m· t her ...:ords in use .
traverse path in x-direction . The nurrbcr
can have "+" or "-" sign. Speed o f main spi ndle (address letter
x+l 25 means +1,25 rr.-:> in x- di rec tion . S)
Tool for the re l ative bloc k (add ress
N G X z F Oem letter T )
Suppl e =ent a ry miscel l aneous functions
00 01 12.5 zoso 100
-- (add ress lette r H)
01 01 - etc .
I )
3. 53
Page 3.55/Biock format
n (
The input format or block format
() Explanation
(
N .• / G . • fx± . . . •/ z± .... ./F .••
N . • /G20
( ) ( )
you have to put in only the block nllll'J>er
and G20 into the pt·ograrrmi•W sheet.
N G X z F
.
.
-is zo
u
3. 55
Block format
Explanation
·+ .... /Z +
N .. / G.. /X- - .. . . ./F ...
N G X z F
15 zo
.
\
3. 55
I
l )
4. Programming
, }
I )
G20/G21/G22 4.1
GOO Positioning with rapid traverse 4.3 -4.5
G84 Fixed cycle - longitudinal turning 4.7·4.17
G01 Linear interpolation 4.19. 4.41
G02/G03 Circular interpolation
- Clockwise
- Counterclockwise 4.43·4.55
G33/G 78 Threading with constant pitch,
threading cycle 4.57 - 4.83
Control of dimensions - Corrections of
dimensions 4.85
I I Programming the outline of a workpiece 4.87. 4.91
Exercises 4.93·4.101
--
G20/G21 / G22
1- - - ope ration.
+ I f you wan t to change the revolutions
of the ~ai n spindle .
+ I f you want to change over from CNC-
operation to hand operation.
-----
1- 1- 1-
-~--
4. 1
- -
)
Page 4 . 3 /GOO
(
GOO - Positioning with Rapid Traverse
Toe positioning of the turn ing tools, i . e .
movement o f sa~e without chip rereoval,
mus_t be done with highes t possible speeds
(r ap i d traverse ) for economic reasons .
The slides move in z- or X-direction.
Necessary Inputs
I . Sl ide ~ves in X-d irection: ~~ . x-
value in thousandth of inch (. ool ) .
Example:
To facilitate the counting and dismoun t-
ing of the turning t ool it keeps the i n- -
dicated dista nce to the workpiece edge .
Toe tool is moved with r apid tra~erse
to point A.
( )
- uoo
N G X z F Ben
QQ._ 0 0 - 250
01 00 0 - 200
02, 2.2 (
u
4.3
GOO
Necessary Inputs
I. Slide moves in X-di rection : t:oo, X-
value in hundredth of r.JD .
Example:
To facilitate the mounting and dismoull t-
==~------. ing of the turni ng too l it keeps the ill-
cHeated dis ta nce to the >;orkpi ece edge ,
)
JJ _·-·-F£- The tool i s moved with rapid traverse
to point A.
·-· !,-
Block r:oo - Turni ng t ool <:oves 15 em i n
x-axis, s i gn"-" . z-value
and F-value need not to be
e ntered .
N G X z F Bel
00-4~0~0~.--~5~
00~ 1 ---- --~---1·- I
o~,--ll~
oo~.--~o~-1-~-~v~oo~--1----1-
4.3
J
Page 4.s· 1 GOO
N G X z F Ser
( ) ( )
N G X z F Ser
N G X z F e.
u \ I
4.5
I
GOO
)
Programming exerclse 1 (GOO)
The wor kpiece is finished. The turni ng
t oo l has to retu rn with rapid traverse
speed to 0 -point . Prograo the "program
end" at 0 -point .
-
( )
PROGRAMMBLATI EMCO COMPACT 5 CNC
N G X z F llor
4.5
J
Page 4. 7 j G84
() )
Example:
Vf(+X) [
() ---------
VE (+Z)
I
u
4. 7
Gl4
Example:
- ------,
- -- -- -------,
-j
Vr(+X)[ •
I Ve (-X)
)
- --------
Ve (+Z)
4. 7
G84
--- -------o-- 0
- - - - - - -- .
l___Po~~i~yA--~
-d~---
t Possibility C f
Example : Outside tur ning Exa .:.p l e: Boring
f r o :n right to l eft
N G X z F
)
l -Posslbl~t~ B _ ]
----~
4.9
Page 4 . II /G84
l )
Program Input G84
As per sign for X a.nd z you can program
4 cycles (A, B, C,D).
Inputs
I . Block number
2. G84 The firs t and the fourth l!".overr.e nt are
3 . X-va lue in thousandth o f in rapid traverse .
inch ( .ool ") The second a nd tile t hi rd movement with
4. z-value in thousandth of t he progra~~ed feed s peed .
inch (.ool")
5 . Feed in tenth o f inch (2)~--,--~ 2 \----.-
(.I" per mi nute)
() A cV 8 ( )
I
----@} --~--~---
1
c cv D
~~--~2~----t------~2~----~
( I
()
Example:
( )
u
4. 11
G84
Inputs
I. Block nurrher
2. GS<I The first and the four th u.ovement are
in rapid traverse.
3. X- value in hundredth of m:J
'fhc second and the third moveme nt with
4. z - value in hundredth of = the progra=med feed speed.
5 . reed in r.:<:>/ni n
.~--~~~----,----42
) A ¢ B
I
----@r --~-- ~ ---
1
c 0 D
~~--~ 2~----t------42~----~
Example:
30,5
4.11
J
Page 4. 13/G84
{)
Example:
__ _..,.. - -- - - ·
•• .I~ The tool is posi tioned at i ndicated d i s-
tance. The cycles should s t art a t point
- ~
-- --- ~ . A.
1
i ~laterial: Alu.:;iniU::J !II I "
Revolution of main spindle: 2ooo rpm.
. ---.s''-- Feed:.25 inch per minute
Max . depth of cut : . oS"
- .7" __.,
1.6"
( )
N 0 X z F 84>mor1n
t--,r -- -
1
___ _J_·-1-·
I I
I r- - -
1--"'
( )
( )
u l )
4. 13
G84
Example:
( ) ~------ 40 ------~
N G X z F Bemerl<o
------1------1-------
) 1- - - -1- - - - - - - - --
I )
4. 13
Page 4 . IS / G84
( )
Programming exercise 3 (GB4)
AI
The workpiece has to be manufactured i n
G84 cycles.
f
j
·- "'- - · .
JJ
- ~-~- ~
- Ma'\. depth of cut .os•:
starting position of turning too l,
-&
. ~ see drawing .
·- 1:.-.6•-
( ) ~~
1.6"
. ( )
( l
N G X z F
-- -
-
.
-
-
- ---- -- - 1-
u ( l
4. 15
G84
,....
)
Programming exercise 3 (G84)
/\J
The ~orkpiece has to be manu factured in
G84 cycles.
-- ~- - -- - +
~~
T1 =
- !•!ax. depth o f cut I
- Startin9 position of tu r ninq t ool,
sec drawi ng.
I_
Cnoose revo lutions of main spindle a nd
f - - 15 - feed from chart and write up prog rao.
20 Hake a dra·.-llng Lo scale I: lo on l eft
hand side.
l ) 40
)
N G X z F
1---41---~------t---- ~
4. 15
Page 4.17/ G84
()
(
() ·l .
1-- -1,69 - - - . j
Ca l cu late main spindle speed, feed and
write up program. Make a drawing with
the transparent scale.
(
N G X z F ee
1-- - - -~------- --
1- --ll- ~-- - - - -- · - - - - - -t -
--1--~----·--. --
~- ----·1-- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - !--- · - .. .
(
.2511
u
4 .17
-----------------~=- -
G84
~
N G X z F Bo
- 1- --ll- -- -1 ------- -
....,.,...._ 0,5
1- -; - - - - - -- . ------ --· --
t--J- -- - - -- - - -- · - · - - -
( )
- - -- - ____ ,._ -----
5
4.17
G01
)
G01 - Linear Interpolation
Linear c cans s t raight l ined
Interpolation rr.ea ns the f ind ing of
inter mediate va lues
Possibilities of G01
..
-z ...
+Z
(Longitudinal t ur ning ) with given fe ed
ra te. No interpo lat ion tak ing p lace •
(X- r::oveo:ent = 0)
-x
3. Taper turning
11i th qiven feed r a t e . X- and z-valucs
arc being interpolated .
4. 19
J
page 4.21/ G01
~9"
~~~'!:,~!~ ~
Tool bit shall c:o ve . 95" in Z-direction .
Tool bit pos ition as indicated in
drawing.
I
I Inputs
IL ____-+~-o~-
11
_ .o s
!. Enter bl ock number
2. Enter GO!
3. X-value ~ 0
4. z-value to be put in thousandth of
inch
5. Put in F-value in tenth inch per mi- I )
nute
Input format
N 0 X z F longitudinal turning
.... .IF =
.. 0-1 0 -950 25 ·-
~ ~~~~!~~
()
Tool bit shall face end plane (cu t end ()
\
plane) ; tool bit pos ition to start a s
indicated in dral<ing .
Inputs
1. Enter bloc k nQmbe r
2 . Enter C.Ol
3 . x-value to be put in in thousandth
o f in ch
4. z -value = 0
5. Put in F-value in t enth of inch
22,5
!?~~E!~.:.
Tool bit shall move 23 , 5 mm in Z-direc-
tion. Tool bi t position as indicat ed i n
drm-:ing .
I
I Inputs
I - -i-f-oo-1
L ____ _ I . Enter block nurrber
2 . Enter GOI
3. X-va lue = 0
4. z-value to be pu t in in hundredth of
)
=·
5. Put in F-valuc in n~/oi n
N G X z F
longitudinal turning
N . ./GOIIX = 0/Z s ± .. .. .IF =
.. 0-1 0 235"0 ~~-
-
~~~~!~.:.
Tool bit shall face end plane (cut e nd
plane); tool bit position to start as in -
dicated in drawing.
Inputs
I. Enter block number
2 . Enter GOl
3. x-va l ue to be put in in hundredth of
C.'Jl
4. z-value =0
S. Put in F- value in G~/mi n
4. 21
Page 4.23/ G01
Example:
Finishing of t he shoulder workpie ce in
...
"-& one cut. The depth of cut to be .01"
The t ool bit's starting posi tion as in-
dicated in the drawing.
()
N G X z F
QQ. oo - 2 ~0
l...o.i _Q{_ 0 -560 20
...Q2, 01 -!00 0 J..O
~ Of 0 - 200 20
. - 2.- -- Qt. _M_ A40 _Q_ 20
$
OS 00 250
~ 00 0 160
.Ql 2'2.
.51"
.71"
() 1-- - - 1.6" - -- --1
,_,
·----
- - ·- -
u
4.23
G01
'
Example:
Finishin9 of the shoulder l<or)<pieco in
one cut . Tne depth of cut to be o , 2o mm .
The tool bit ' s starting position as in -
dicated i n the dra~ing .
(. )
N G X z F
00 00 -S{)()
M 01 0 - 1'320 5o
02 01 2on 0 so
03 ll~ 0 600 t;o
06 fl1 Joo 0 so
OS' no 5'00
Q{, oo 0 1flO
, )
I 01 1i
~-~~2~
1-- - - - - 40 - . J
f )
'
4. 23
Page 4. 25/ G01
()
1- · - ~ CIC! -- f-
i
$ $
f-L-
1-- .ff - Starting position of turning tool see
.a• drawing .
)
() 1.6"- -
~lake a drawing in scale o f the transparent
sca le using the drawing paper and put in
Fin ish ed workpiece bloc k numbers. No te that the tousa ndth of
inch cannot be measured from the drawing
in this scale, so you must calcula te the
paths .
...e
• N G X z F
.612"
-.812"-~
~----- 1.6"-----o·~l
( )
-
•-.,
·--
- --
-
--· -
- -
-
)
u
4. 25
G01
15
1---- 20- -1
( ) ~--- 40 --------~
Starting position of tur ning tool see
drawing.
Fi nished .....orkpiece
:.~aj<e a dra-.,·in.g in scale 10: I using the
drawing paper and put in block n\l.mbe rs .
C'l
C'l - - · ·
-&
N G X z F
~--- 40 ------~
( ) -
•-., ~---
- -
-
-
-- -
( )
4.25
G01
( )
Exa mp le CNC-machine
Example 1
Arig l e = 4 5°
The 1·atio X: Z at 45° is I : 1 . LOng i tudina l
and c r oss slides move at sarr~ i n ter va l s .
Example2
The ra tio X: Z = 10:36 = I :3'
This mean s :!. steps i n z - a xis and I s t ep
in x-axis .
' )
4.27
I
I
t--t--t- - -t-t-
1--+- .. t-t-
-r- -- >-f---t-1- '· - f-i--1-1- --i---11-~'-t--- -
--r- -I- t- ..-
- f--:--1-t- -1---t---J· . .
I-<-
-
1-
1-
t-i---t-+- 1-:----t..l. +-
I I
4.28
Page 4. 29 / G01
()
Taper45 °
(X-value and Z-valu e are t he same)
Inpu ts GO l
I. Block nur:be r
2 . 001
3. X-va l ue !S va l ue ) of taper end poin t
2
i n t housandth o f inch
4. z- va lue !S val ue ) o f t aper end poi nt
2
in thous andth of inch
5 . F-value in t enth i nch per minu te
Example:
.r---r--f.J .2S"<4 S
0
0
A chamfer o f 45 x . 25" has to b e t urned .
Sta r ting point o f tool bit a s i ndica ted .
N G X z F
( ) 00 00 -250 (
•.. ---11-
.flL. _QO 0 -200
-
-
02 g't -so -22.5 25
03 84 -,fOQ -(IS 25 -
m_ ..Bi_ -~sO -A25 25
OS 8~ -loo - 15 25
_QL 00 -215
_Ql_ ro,- 215 -215 ~ -
08 00 0 21S
09 00 -,3oo·
-10 01 -- 2f;j:) -
-.3oo·- 2?_
.(1 00 250
I 12 00 0 5 00
_j1_ ZL - -- - 1- -
u (
4. 29
GOt
)
Taper45°
(X-value and Z-value are th e same)
I . Bloc)< number
2. GOI
3 . x- value (S 2 value ) o f taper end point
in h\>ndredth of rm> J
4. z -value (S2 value ) of taper e nd poin t
in hundredth of rrro
5 . F- value in ~~/min
Example:
N G X z F
··- 1-
( ) 00 00 - soo. -
01 oo - ~00
Ol g~ - 100 - li!io go
OJ fi - ZOo - 3SO 80 -
.Qi R~ - 300 - 2So _j_o_1-
OS 8~ - ~oo -1SO 8o
I_QQ_ DO -sso .. ·--- - -
07 0-1 +SS.Q_ _ -5_so - ·· --- -
08 00 0 +SSo
..P.L~ -- ~Q~ . ·-- - - · . -- -
..1L ~L __+bOO- .. . _-:_600
11 oo SOD
12 _QJ)_ --·0 + .1.00Q . --
1-i-L .zt .. - ·-
( }
'
4.29
J
Page 4 . 31 / G01
Taper45°
()
N G X z F
() 1--- l - -f-- -
- -11-- 1- - - - - - ·- - -+ - - 1
---
(J
4.31
j
G01
Taper45°
"-1
~
""~0 '
...
0
t )
~
~
- ~---- -· ·- - ~
p-
t
~
l--10-
40
N G X z F
-
- -
( ) -- -
- - -- -
- - - - --·
-- - -- -
- - ---1-·-· - ~---·- --
- -- - ·-· -·
( )•: •
'
• .
..:.... -~
4.31
'
Page 4. 27/ G01
t---- 1.211
Example2
The ratio X:Z = 0 . 4:1.2"• 1: 3
This means 3 steps in z- axis and 1 step
in x- axis.
() )
4. 27
4.33
G01
Tapers in General .
)
Ratio X:Z
Inputs
Progran the end point o f the taper .
1 . Bl ock nurrber
2 . GO!
3 . x- coordi nate of taper end point
4. Z-coordinate o f t aper end point
5. F- va lue in rr~/mi n
I J N G X z f
Input format G01 taper
-- o1 tSOo -SOO 80
- N . ./G01/X ± , .. . IZ± .... .IF . . .1
4.33
I~
I. !
-I
I
I
I }-- 1---
-+· !
.1
I -L
- - 1-
J
t-' -
- -+- . I
-- -
i- -
·-r
_T
-
11-
-
t-
1- -
~
: i"
'
,.,.. 1- ' - -1- !
I- f~
I
-
r-
T·
• ~ :
1- -
1- I r·r-
I
1- -- .. 1- ~
j _ -r
+
_I_ .
I I I I
-r ..!.
~
1- . -.- I
f- 1- !
r-'" __
,__.__, I
1- j
~
• l
I- ·- r-lro I
Cj> l
t··
H - ·- 1- i
~
1-, i
I z 1-+ - 1-'- --
--- r- 1
. ,...
~
- ... ~J 'I
~ ~~ l 0~
1- - I-"- -
..
z ! - t
- I- ~- ~ ' ' ·- t- ·-I- ;- -~.-r- -
~
0 -
/C\1 ~
1- i -
Jr- I vO"
~ '-1-~
1-- r- vz /
~~ 1 J
~
r-- ~--~
'
;-J~ ·I·-· J J~ I 0 J -
~ ~ I ~ ?- f
.
t ,I -
1\y -
: ~· U: ~
-
- I ~ -r- (/j
I
i
~r~
-
~-
:- 1-
c
I ~
t-
f -(
1 I--
~
tl--
1- - ~co
t l
- ~~
~
/ - r0 '\.0
! ~z' ~
t r._
;~
_J -
~'
1- I-
I
~
J
I
-- -- r'- -
~/ (") '
1
.
t lP+~
I ~ ·- t·
~ ~"i
'(//_~ I--
t ~
I
I
B ,...
z ·- z -
- !-
-
I 1 t-
;
-+~
1-
.
1- - .
-
-- t-
I
.
1- .,
..1. J.
J • -
• ..
~- - -}- I
J
1-·
...1. _i
I
4.34
Page 4. 3S/ G01
()
Example:
N G X z F I
..{oSO ,
_1t 00
-i't 22
0
. -
-
() (
Taper denomination ·
- - 1- -- l
u
4. 35
G01
Example:
N G X z F
oo 00 - SOD Ta,eor I: 2
0~ 00 0 - !tOo
go A taper I: 2 is to be turn ed ,
oz ~~ -100 - 1100 I
( l
o&
09
j_O
-11
12
00
00
01
()'(
0-1
0
100
0
- 100
-jQQ
liDo
- ~00
- /too
0
fo
80
so
I
~
_1_~ 00 0 ~00
1~ 00 -100
r~S 01 100 - ~oo flll
,,{, 01 ltiXl 0 go
11 00 Soo 1----- 12 - • 1-4 1--
-11' 00 0 1 -!no
111 2'1.
Taper denomination
( ) ..
Di fference of diaC-et er
Tap er I : K = Taper l ength
0 D- <l
= 1
( )
4.35
Page 4.37/Go t
)
(
--- ~
'&
- ~ -
~
'&
. ·- f -
~
~
~• .-
s
~
~
L I "
..
r-.3"L .4·-
I
() (
·.9.'
I -
'
N G X z F
-
-
-
- b- , - --
-
- -
-- _ , - --
- - - -
u
4.37
G01
0
-4--- ~ ---~ - --+--- -1-- ~ - -
$ $ e
- H - 1x45°
)
f-6 .. 1---10 -
1----- 20 --~
N G X z F
As-~
"'
~
I
I ..
~
I'
- --
i
- - - ---- -
lj~
,,,,
)
4.37
G01
.
Angle X:Z Angle X:Z Angle X:Z I
-1
35 , 54° 5: 7 6o , .t6u 7: 4
5, 7 1° I : lo
6,34° I: 9 36, 87° 3: 4 6o , 95° 9: 5
I I, 3° I : 5 4o , 6o0 6: 7 66 , 8o0 7· 3
l 68 , 2o0 5: 2
12' 52° 2: 9 4o , l9° 7: 8
0
14,o0 I: 4 41 , 63° 8: 9 69 ' 4·1 8: 3
4: 9 5 2 ,1 3° 9: 7 8o , 54° 6: I
23 ' 96°
8 1, 8 7° 7. I
26 , 56° I : 2 53 ,1 3° 'l : 3
29 , 74° 4: 7 54 , 64° 7: 5 82 , 87° 8: l
4.39
---"
GOt
Data on angles
52
The block fo r the traverse path S I -
S2 i s:
N G X z F
4. 41
Page 4.43 G02/G03
n
G02 - .Circular Interpolation Clockwise
r .
I ..- - ....
/ , /z ""'
.,.-1)- --:
~- Z:X )
' ........__ _/
Program Input
1 . Block nur.. ber (
2 . G02 or G03
3 . X-value in thousandth of inch . As X-value
we put in the )(- coordina te of the 4th
part of circu mference.
The longitudinal slide ooves
automatically in minus - direction (di-
rection chuck) . No Z- Input
~- F- value in tenth of inch
/ 4.43
·-
G02/G03
-
G02 Circular Interpolation Clockwise
Program Input
I . Bloci< nu:::bcr
2 . G02 or G03
) 3. X-value in hundredth of ~'· As X-value
we put in the x-coordinate of the 4th
part of circumference.
4. z 0 . The l ongitudinal slide ~ovcs
~
auto~tically i n minus-direc tion (di-
rection chuck).
5 . F-va lue
4. 43
G02/G03
)
N G X z F N G X z F
02 + . Ol - -
N G X z F
-- ~03 -
'
4. 45
~>age 4. 47/ G02/G03
2 .
~·J-._.
Pourth pa rt of ci rc~fcrence 2
• I .
~ ·~ .. ,! --· ,@
()
Pou rth parts of circun fcrence 3 and 4 arP
no t prograrr.mable since Z-direction is po
sitive .
( )
-~t·" (
% · G<
. . I __ _·
Program for fourth part of c i rcumference 4
j':
.P j Fourtl'\ parts of circu,-, fe r ence 1 and 2 are
not prog ra~~able s i nce Z-direction is po-
si tive .
u
4.47
G02/G03
I~ I ~2 ~ ~~ I ~ I~~ I
) Fourth parts o f circumference 3 and 4 a r e
not prograrrmable since Z-direction i s po-
sitive.
I~ Io~ I ~~ I z
0 I ~~ I
Fo\>rth parts of circun ference I and 2 a r e
not progra~u able s ince Z- di r ect i o n i s po -
si tive .
)
•.
4.47
Page 4.49 G02/G03
( )
Exercise:
PollaN wi t h the t ransparent paper (right
hand side tool) Mlo:l the indicat ed radius .
You will recognize the changing situation
i tm.ediately.
002
'
G03
' ()
4.49
G02/G03
Exercise :
Foll~~ with the transparent pape r (right
hand side tool ) Hl o :l the indicated radi us .
You will recognize the changi ng situation
) i rrruediate ly.
002
'
I )
4.49
I
I
4.50
Page 4. 5 1/ G02/G03
() )
Example G02
Hatcr i a l: Aluminiuc
St art i ng posi tion o f turning t ool as
in drawing .
.. ' t
•
~
-4-- -- ~- ---- ~ -- ~ ~
'
)
.
./
/
N G X z F
00 00 -250
-
01 00 0 -200
02 Sit -so -185 25
03 81f -AOO - 160 25
..QL _8L
- R4
-
-4~
·~
-ns 25
05 - 200 -61S 25
06 00 ~250
-
01 __Qj_ - _Q_,_ -550 25
08 02 250 25
09 00 -- 25.0
~
00 0 1000 - -- -
22
4.51
G02/G03
~-------------------------------------------
Example G02
Nate r i a l: Al umini um
St arting p osi tion of turning tool as
in d ra·..·lng.
t--- 15 - --1
-+- - -- f-- - . - -.
( }
N G X z F
..QQ.._ - Soo
0
- ofOO
- Zoo - of )
- 3oo -1~
- ~00
- Soo
0 -1100 gp_ _
soo g
soo
Q 2000
)
4. 51
.. • .
Page 4. 53 G02/G03
Haterial: Aluminium
Prograc this e xercise such that you fi-
nish it with one final cut. Starting
pos i t i on of tool bit as in drawing .
Posit i on of tool bit at end o f program
to be identical with star ting position.
( )
; - - .--,-l-/r-.,.--4:...__!
N G X z F
Start position
() (
-- -
A .,.
""lq
.. \
)",
,
I
")
u
4.53
G02/G03
I
Programming exercise G02/G03
- - · --1--
10 - -
N G X z F
1--1----1----~---- ---
----- -----
1
4.53
...
-
.,__,
1-1-
·-·-1·---1-+~--_L'"· 1-·I· +-j---,-H_L I
-i-t+-Ut-1-+-·Ll'-- I . 17 r-=r;:-J:Ti""i~--
' t
lj-H~-1
I I
t·i-:t+~--t=Jlil. ~-~~
J i
1-
o- - +-4 - ; .
-H,--1-~j~'-, --'T~tT9
-.< · ~*~~~=iJ~
: 'T 1
,_,_,-~f=-lJ.j== r-s- ~- -oZ 1.
I
,_
,_ " '"
_ •
,~ f,_ 1- .
->-1- +- - i-
t-
,_ l- •
I _-
_,j . j-+- I1-_,_ --- 1·--t--1--+-L-·
I- , -
-t-- ~ -
r--:~::~~
-=-:tllZ::::L'Ji_'
j
r -- ,.1-_.J
_, 1- I . < -
\ I I - - •1- - ' z I~
-0-+ . - I -t-1 :_, __
.l..-1- ---·
I
f-!-
~
t 1--
[+- ~
I.
- l
,. - 1~~-~
"'-"
* 0-'-'
I p,:::l 0
- ------~ - (
l~ l )'I -~-vlfr>
vi;~d· tl I ,..,e (
~1~I 1
I f
T
1
,_
I I - t t-
"!!; ,/
1-
.lZ
•
,_,_1- - T-
~, I -II -i- '
-1-1-
- I
- I
'+t
[ t--1-'- -
-~~
I I - ; - ,_,::
-,I
'- ;
~' vo_~
~
-+ ~"
~"-
~-
<,
,
I J
' I I
'Ij-
f -+; , --
t ~- -· -
...
· ·1-t-1-__L
~
j- J.r_-;~1- 1 ~ - : ~",
I- ' I -
z -- ~ -1
"-'- -+-0 ' I ·-- I -
-I
1- • - + ___+-'--
' __ ,·-'-
~-l--l-1
~ -~ ~1-
-~-'1--lt--
'' 1-- 1-
1
>-I- 1- ,_
I 1-1- -H-1--
..._,_...J.._._.L..J:::t::iJ.:j-~
::: -+-1-J ~
b I J Ij--+-+--.l
').;;-,_j_.L...
""----'-
-+. ,--r-.J..J-l.--1:_-t.Lt-
I . _,__
__
- 1- I ..+ ·-
i
-+-_J_jf_ .
4.54
Pag e 4 .ss /G02/G03
n Example G02/G03
(
Reroark:
The tool bit al~ays e xecutes the move-
ment of a fourth part of circu~ference.
.- •... .
..". I-
.cq
-& e. -&
() ·Is, (
~ .......... ~
'-
~ .,I
.- l
- .6"-
( ) (
start position
N G X z F
00 00 - 250
01 00 0 -2oo
02. 84 -so - r~s 25
0~ K4 -AOO -155 25 _ -
04 00 +350
OS 00 0 - 1,50
06 02 - .500 25
_Q]_ 02 +.{50 25
oe 00 +250
..- ACOO
09 (X) 0 -
AO 22 . -- ~
u I
4.55
G021G03
Example G021G03
Tur ning o f in tersec ted a nd coz~ined
rad ii.
Re:nark:
The t ool bit a l•.. ays exec ute s the move-
cent of a fourth pa r t of c ircumfe r ence .
'
..
~
'Go
. I- ..
Cl)
'$
......__
K j
....
It
- - 12 -
' z F
N G X
00 -SOO
00 0 - ~00
H -1oo - 1S1o Ro
g~ 100 - "t:'10 kO
00 100
00 0 - JOO
0'1. -1 0 00 80
02. 300 flo
oo soo
• 00 0 1.000
22.
J
.
4. 55
J
I
{
Thread Cutting on the COMPACT 5 CNC
On the Compact 5 CNC you cut left hand
and right hand threads , insi de and
outside .
Possible pitches
. 001" - .199" i n steps of . 001 "
u <.. )
4. 57
G33/G78
Possible pitches
o , ol - 4, 99 in steps of o,ol rr~
o ,ol -I 3oo
I ,ol - I, 5 2oo
\. )
1 '51 -2 18o
2, ol - 3 13o
3,ol - 4,99 7o
4.57
J
Page 4. 59/G33/G78
()
UJ
( ) ( )
~~!~~!~~!~~-~! -~~~~~~
Tnread UNRC size 12 has 24 threads per
inch:
P 1·tc h = I inch
24 = . o4167 " The Values I Calculation
u The geometrical shapes ~nd dimensions
D and corresponding pitch are given for
are standardized a nd can be fou nd in
the relative threads.
technical handbooks .
Example: Designations and dimension OJ is Dts or . 61343 x Pitch
of an URR bolt thread .
r = . 14434 x Pitch
D = Basic major diameter
E = Basic pitch diameter H= .866o3 x Pitch
Ks= Minor diameter for external thread
r Root radiu s As the roo t radius r is dependent on
H = Height of sharp u-thread the pitch (r = .14434 x pitch), for
P = Pitch every pitch a cer tain root radius has
h3= Depth of external thread to be considered .
u
'
4.59
G33/G78
-
)
Determination of a Thread
of quality st<ll1ciards
of sp ec ial ins pection pro cedure s
o f s tondards o n the denc:ilination of
thread tj•pes
I ·
O~o
i
lJ:
It
P = Pitch of thread
d Ou tside dia~eter of bolt
) D = d= Nominal diame ter for bolt and
nut
d2 = D2• Thread pitch diarnatet· for bol t
and nut
d3 = mnor thread diao:e ter of bol t
Dl Hinor thread diameter of nut
H = Heigh t of profile • heigh t of fi c-
ti tions profile triangle (•..:ith
r ounding and l e ve l ing)
h3 = Depth of thread of bolt a 1/2
(d- d3 )
r = Rounding radius = H/6 = o ,l4434 P
HI = Bearing depth
H c: o , 866o3 P
h) = 0,6 1343 p Calculated
HI o , S4 127 P values
3 = 11/6 - o , 14434
)
4. 59
•
• Page 4. 61/G33/G78
() )
UNRF Thread
LLJ
( I
l!!i n or Dirnte r -
Basic Oas i c Root Pi tch
Majo r Thds. I' itch Radius
F.xt . Int .
Sizes Oiam . per Oiam.,
Inch. Thds. Thds .
-
4 (. 112)
Inches
o. 1120 4{1
Inches
o. 0985
I nches
0 . 0864
Inches
0 . 0894
I nches
0.0030
I nches
0 . 0208
5( . 1?.~) o. 121\0 44 o. 1102 () , 0!1? 1 0. 1004 0.0033 0 . 0227
6(.138) 0.1380 40 0.1218 o. 1073 o. 1109 0,0036 0 . 0250
8( . 164) o. 1640 36 0 . 1460 o. 1299 o. 1339 0 . 0040 0 . 0278
10( ,190) o. 1900 32 o. 1697 0 . 1517 o. 1562 0.0045 0 . 03 12
12(.2 16) ' 0.2160 28 o. 1928 o. 1722 0 . 1773 0.0051 0.0357
(J (
1/4 0.2500 28 0 . 2268 0 . 2062 o. 2113 0.0061 0 . 0357
5/16 0 . 3125 24 0.2854 0.2614 0.2674 0 . 0060 0.04 17
3/8 0 . 3750 24 0.3479 o . 3239 0 . 3299 0 . 0060 0 . 04 17
7/16 0.4375 20 o. 4050 0.3762 0.3834 0 . 0072 0 . 0500
1/2 0 . 5000 20 0 .4675 0 . 4387 o. 4459 0 . 0072 0 . 0500
9/tr. 0 , 5625 18 0.526<1 0.4943 0.5024 0 . 0080 0 , 0556
5/8 0.6250 18 0. 5889 0.5568 0.5649 0 . 0080 0 . 0556
3/4
7/8
0 . 7500
I
0 , 8750
__ .____
16
14
0 . 7094
0 , 8286
0 . 6733
0 . 7874J
0.6823
0 . 7977
0 . 0090
0.0103
0.0625
0 . 071 4
u
4.61
G33/G78
~--------------------------------~-
)
Metric ISO - Standard th reads according to DIN 13
I I 1-- - P - ---c I I
'0 N <')
'0 '0 Q~o
( ,
Thread - 'I'nrcad pitch Hi nor thread Depth of Roundinq
llo:ainal dia. Pitch p
dJ dia . hJ t hread HI ra dius r
d: D dia. d2• D2 Dl
l o,5 2, 675 2. 397 2 , .-:59 o, 3o7 o , 271 o ,o72
·1 o,7 3, 545 3 , l.fl 3, 242 0 , 429 o , J79 o , l ol
5 o,a 4, ·18<> 4 , o19 4 , 134 0, 49 1 o ,4J 3 0 , 1 15
6 l, o 5, 35o 4 , 77) •\, 9 17 o,613 o , S41 o , 14 ·1
8 1. 25 7 ,l OB 6 , "66 6, 6117 o , 767 0 ,677 o ,l Bo
lo 1. 5 9 , o26 8 , 16 o 8, 376 o , 9Zo o , 8 12 0 , 217
12 1, 75 b, 86 J 9 , 853 b, 106 J , o7~ 0 , 947 0 , 253
16 2, 0 1-l , 7ol tJ , 546 13,83 5 1. 227 l , oSJ o, 2S9
2o 2, 5 l3 , 376 ;:; •933 17 , 29.; l, 5H 1, )5) o , 361
( )
( )
4.61
J
G33/G78
( )
( )
4. 63
Page 4. 65iG33/G78
) (
The tool holder for external threading (order no. 260 620)
The indexable tips for right hand threading (order no. 260 621)
Ca l c ulation of I n feed
( /
4. 65 ·.
\.
G33/G78
The indexable tips for right hand threading (order no. 260 621)
{ l
1' 5 o , 92o 1, l oo
4.65
G33/G78
Synchronisation
Hain s pi ndle speed - Feed when th read
cutt i ng
( )
4.67
G33/G78
Synchronisation
Principle
( )
1 . The impulse sender 1 gets the revo-
lutions of the main spindl e from the
perforated d i sc and transmits it to
the co=.puter . Here it is processed ,
and from that information it de ter-
mines the feed required to obtain the
progr afuced thread pitch .
The result is trans f ormed into an in-
struction i rr~ediately and gi ven to
the f eed rr~tors.
( )
2. 1\ thread is always cut in a few cyc l es .
Slots for synchroni- You r emember that you had to observe
sation wi th conventional l athes: may I open
the half- nut at this pi t ch and ha• do
I get back to the same position?
4. 69
G33/G78
Surr.'1lary Synchronisation
Transmiss i on of
r e volution
Transmission of
anqle position
I c:pulse for
feed rate =
speed
4. 71
J
Page 4. 73/ G33/G78
()
Inputs G33
I. Block number !I
Examele: 2. G33
Right thread 3. X • 0
2o tpi 4 . Length o f thread i n coluon z i n thous andth o f inch
Pitch • .!. ~ .050" +Z • Right hand thread
2o
(
-z • Left hand thread
Le ngth of thread .5" 5 . In column F, thread pitch in thous andth of inch
N G X z F
.. .
Input format G33
. N . .IG33/ Z± ..... /F . . .
05 20
06 :33 600 50 1-
Technique o f threading
~he tool bit has to be fed in s t eps
by measurement h l .
4. 73
G33/G78
Techniqu e of threading
The tool bit has t o b e fed in s t eps
by measureme nt h3 .
\ )
! ;_~~~~-~~-~~!¥_ ~~ -~=~~!~ :
Fi r st cut wi th depth of o,2 ~"
Further cuts a t o,l ~~
Last cut at o,o5 rom
)
..
4. 73
J
Page 4 . 75 / G33/G78
( l
N G X z F I
N1 3
.
.
41 20
-12 00 - AO
Nl4 N12 - 9oo
A2> 33 62
Alt 00 .fo
N15 As oo 0 9oo
For on e cut 4 bloc ks have to be pro -
grarr~ed. A very t ime consuming p r ogram-
ming. Therefore yo u u se c ycle G78 for
threading .
u
4. 75
J
G33/G78
22 E x a~r,ple :
d B 2o rr.m
--- )(
0
C'l
oG. •
p
6o0
::0 5 I , S mm
- ---- h3 5 l'1 IT~11 (depth of thread)
4. 75
)
G33/G78
Prograrr-<ning:
~!~e_!~
Enter the feed i n value in the X- column .
( ~!~!?- ~~
- Enter the thread length in the Z-co-
lumn.
- Enter t he pitch in hundred th of mrn in
I~J-
_:, 1~--
· k-1
the F-col wnn .
: ~!!!e~_L!- ~.:.
The repos i tioning of the tool bit to the
starting point is done autooatically.
( )
4. 77
Page 4 . 79/G33/G78
('
Possible cycles
( ) ( 1
u ()
u )
4.79
G33/G78
)
Possible cycles
A
~--~4~--~--~
\ )
20
( )
... )
4. 79
Page 4.81/G33/G78
n ()
2
600
()
u
TECHNIQUE Or THREADING
4.81
G33/G78
( )
+2o
( I
TECHNIQUE OF THREADI~G
4.81
Page 4. 83
( I
f 0
- 20.UNEF
/'\J -J
'I
- ___",.. __ ·'o.
..... - . -
~•
1- · -
"6 -e
~ CIO
~ . ~
T
-. ---r- ·
/
() ~ ~
~-
(
. .os'lc 450
~.3'!.
1--.4" --
.9~! .
N G X z F
\
'-.-/
\ ' (
- ··-- · -
I' ---· -
---
'
·- -- . ·· - · -
.
.
u
4. 83
( )
Programming exercise 9 (G78)
LOok in the charts for the detai ls
of the thread .
,
-- ~ - --·~ -- r · - 1- -
V)
...r
)(
~ ~ 0
~
L
<'<
~~ 1
Jx 45°
( ) f-6- ~-- 10 -
20
N G X z F
'
I·
·- 1- -
-- . -
i >· ..
4. 83
\
Control of Dimensions- Corrections of Dimensions
4.85
--
Oulllne programming
)
Programming the outline of a workpiece
IL ......
The .:orl<piece can als o be manufac tured
by out li ne/contour cuts to be executed
step by step.
- - -
Tnis rcethod is used when prefor~~d pie-
ces (cast- i ron par t, forg ing , r~lded
- .;--
:;:::.....- piece ) are turned .
f I . Roughi ng cut
2. Finishing cut
Breal<-do-.-n of cuts:
First cut The nur.ber o f blocks in t he program is
however le ss . And this mea ns on the
1~--.----T,d
other hand less proqr~~ing tir.e and in-
put time .
r -- - - -"
0
--------------------------------------------------~
4.87
J
4.88
Page 4 .89/0utllne programming
Programming example:
)
Depth of c u t per run • .OS"
R.2s•
( )
.s" -.j..oo-- .s" --~
,_- -- - - - 2.2:·•:__- - - -- ---l
00 00 0 - 50 -
• Start position for second run
0( 0{ so -50 3o
0'1. 01 0 - 250 30
02> (J2. A50 30 -
( O't 01 · SO -50 :30 - (
O.r; 01 0 -300 30
06 01 -250 -500 30
01 01 0 -0oo ?Jo' -
08 02, . 250 3o
()~ O..f 0 -350 __QQ_ .
40 0~ -100 _ o_ _QQ_ _
11 00 0 2250
112 co - If()()
N11 ,
~----
Tool bi t posi tion at program end
)
Programming example:
f-
- + r -lx4 so
t ) 9
-r--12
~~
to -~o---16 --~
._---------- 44 -----------.~
Bloc~s
...
::oo to :Ho
N11
~-- --
Tool bi t position at program end
4.89
-
Page 4. 9!/0utllne programming
Manufacture:
() (
~~~
Execution of further outline/contour
cuts
() (
(J ( )
4. 91
Outline programming
Manufacture:
( l
Execution o f f urther outline/ contour
~
4.91
J
Exercises
Exercises
TECH!IOLOGICAL DATA
\
2. Production peri od = Time passing
from pressing key iSTARTito finish
of ma nufactur e (i . e . sl i des have
~~ved back to starting posi tion for
ne xt workpi ece) .
( )
4.93
Exercises
)
The ratio between input- and programming time
(tp) to production time (te)
) Example
The ·.wrkpiece has to be r..anu factured .
Pro<Jramming and input time (tp l Progra~ing and input tir:e (tpl
Conclusion:
The programmer .,;ill decide ~<hich way to
go depe nding on the number o f •,;orkpie-
ces. He has to optinize bet·,; ee n tilT.~
necessary for progranming and workpiece
time .
)
4.95
--
Exercl
-
~--~-----------------------
Figure 1: Pawn
- 33
20
,
(
9
. 3
... ~
~ ~
"'
'G
!!' . . - . 2
'G -...,
'G
17.
y
':-
~v
)
4 .
22
-
Figure 2: Bishop
45
36
16 ~
11
) 1x45°
~
. 6
0 !!' .
-
v - 2
__...
-
v
.~
~~ 1 - 2 ,_
6
'G 6
-
6
v
2 2
-
\ . 45
;
)
4.97
Exercis es
~··--------------------------- Figure 3: Castle
----------------~
( 5)
6
2x45°
2x45°
- - I"
1-- 1--
_...... 1\
0 co 0 0
~ ~ - - - - ~
'& '&
'S N
'&
1-- 1--
f-
~ ............ 1/
2 2 4
) 4.5 I • 4 15
, 4 - 22
29
40
~ ~
0
N
'$.
~
'$.
- . - - - 0
~
'$. ~
•
/
22
4 .99
Figure 5: Queen
-
Exercises
55
39
33
15
6 .5 12
y l;7
00
"""<
/
M
& - ;!
'$
- '$
0
-- - "
'$
'!1
'$
'
-
~
y( ~'
.
3 3
,
••••••a•••••••••~•••••••••a••••••
Figure 6: King
65
50
- 19
13
75
v-
7
•
l
_....,... ~
1\.
0
N
'G. 'Q
co
~
- 'Q $
0
.. :! - f - - · - ;!
·-s. - - __,_
. $-
N ~
'Q
,....,_, - -
II" I ~ 1'-
::!!
Q: -""' ~~
3 3 •
- - - -
i. 33
r
)
4 .1 01
I
x· )
5. Program Input
,.
./ )
. )
.
Input format 5. 1 -5. 3
Process of putting In data 5. 4 -5.5
Program input 5. 7 - 5.9
Take over of registered values 5. 11
Operating elements
Figure keys, word display, memory key,
delete key 5. 13. 5. 27
Double key·s
Program hold
II }
Program interruption
Delete program 5. 29-5.35
---
Program Input
Program Input
Sum:nary:
5. 1
Program input
Input format
)
Tne input forma t prescribes which i nfor-
mation has to be put in and which not.
The input for mat depends on the G-func-
tion.
Tne co~puter a sks certain inputs for
the relative G-func tion .
Input format
N •• /GOO/X . • • ./
I ~ ~ 1-~~ z
F
\ )
~!ode of operation: Ct>C-operation
)
•I
5.3
What happens when data Is put In?
We put in GB4.
2. Di rector (CPU~Cen tra l Processing Unit 5 . 'Ihe memory reports to the director:
5Hi c roprocessor ) asks his specialists :
"O.k., I have noted' it dO"I'I'n! "
11
Can ne execute G84? ,.
5. 4
Dala lnpul
( )
l )
) Operating program =
EPROMS (Speci<~lists) Memory = RAM L - - - -- - - -----'
5.5
Program input
Program Input dl
.At I
N OI
- HCoO N G X z F B<
00 00 - 1000 a
tJ 0-1
Q2
oo
22
0 - ~00
( )
I . Switch on ma in switch:
l )
3. Press key~
II G X Z F A
000000
o0 .."©"""."
~
0 :::G
...
e.-/M
r oql5
, ) E1 000§3 ~ 4. Put in 00:
0ITJITJ§j Ot3
00 appears on the digital read-out.
5. 7
~----------------------------------------------------------------P_r_o~g-ra~m~in~p~u~~-
,......,.
N G X Z F A
000000
~
0
N G X Z F A
000000 6. Put in l ooo- :
( ) ~
I• 1000io The value put in appears on the digital
read- out .. The minus s i gn "-" is put in
000§3 ~
after the figures . It is sho~n on the di -
gi tal read- out as point. If there is no
00G8 °'3 minus - sign put in , then the val ue is au-
to:na tically "+".
( )
5.9
Take over of registered values
Example 1
Block NOO i s prograrr~~d.
1oo' ~
03 00 soo
Oft 01 2,{)0 zoo
Example 2
In block N02 we prograr..med FIOO. This is
the value for F wh i ch was put in last.
If you press fiiiP~ no·" FIOO t<ill be taken
over into b l ock N04 .
Exan1ple 3
Example3
N G X z F
You have registered block t:03 . You s ee by
00
01
02
00
00
8~
-SOQ
0
-100 -
- Jrog:'<:-
1000
-
100
-SOO
chance tha t the Z-val ue of block NO! is
wrong . You correct it irrc"ediate ly, e.g . t o
Z = - Soo and continue with put ting in
block N04 .
03 glj - 200 - 1000 I f you press (INPI with the Z-value i nput
Olt gl( - 300 - 1000"' also will register t he va l ue which was put
in last, e.g. z = - Soo •
.{ )
5. 11
\
Operating elements
~------------------------------------------------------------------- -
@
( )
.1i!!!!!H:.
l!lli!iilll iiii""llll
iill!i!!ifj;
i!I!::::!!H
COMPUTER NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED !Jjijjjjjl!i !iii iii 'Willi I"
( )
I )
5. 13
Operating elements
--------------------------------------------------~ ~
( I
~~~..~~!!:.:.
X c -14oo
Input: (][j)!Ql[QJG
I )
5. 15
Operating elements
------------------------------------------~--~
~·
()n@
!)
~
·.o_:El 0
"""'""'
El 0 0 [!)13 §I
( ) 0 0 GE!l C,!)
El¢-8 CQ000 •!•
El G0EJB B Th e lamp s for the •. ;ord displa y light up
and inform you ~hich instr uction to
e n ter .
:i"
11 illljlh .!:·!iiliil
j'll"""
'I
Ill"' "
''ltliii!!:
ll1L....;
u!l ... m! I! .... N = block m1:1ber
'"!
:u "'I I
m. "I 1
:::i I •• jj:! :, G = path function
ONTROLLEO '!fiiii!i!l' iii! !!! iiHH! P x, z • values
F a feed I thread pi tch
N G X Z f A
\ ) ""'0 . :.E]
k© 000000
3
. ..
(I 0
0 .. Ex ample :
ro-/M
Lamp X lights. The digital read-out (4 )
i s dark. Value X can be put in a nd
appears on t ho digital r ead- o u t .
( )
5. 17
Operating elements
( )
I )
5. 19
Operating elements
G X Z F A
00000
~
0
II G X Z F A
""-. 0 00 00 0
~ . rQ)_:B .
1 - --
5201 0
---..
~
t"~/t::n
( )
F A
00
~
0
5.21
Operating elements
------------------------------------------------
, l
TheiFWDikey (Forward Key)
Instruction: to jum p forward block-by-block
G X Z F A
00000
9
0
N G X z F
N G X z F
\) -
- 3. If you keep key In;ol pressed
do~n , program wi ll jump block-by-
block to prograt' end .
5.23
•
Operating elements
( )
( )
N G X z F
N G X z F
()
2. If is indicated on
b lo~k nurr~er
~tal r ead- out , you press key
, then the program will j ump
to the previous block'
N G X z F
·~ •
5.25
--
Operating elements
The 8 Key
Instruction: to jump forward within one block
""" . N G
0 0000 0
X Z F A
~
~~~©,;B
..-~/rVI
I I 0
EJ 0008 §I
( ) 000~ 1\13
B .P. B CiJ00 §l •!•
EJ G0EJB 1~..·1
N G X z F
( )
5.27
Double keys
I )
Hold with every Word during
Program Operation:IINPI + IFWDJ
( ) ~rogram hold?
You can
- take measurements,
- change posi tion of tool bi t ,
- correct program.
- +-- -+-- . - --. _ _,__
1. Taking measures, changing position
& of tool bit without changing the program
!:~:!'!'~!~ ~
You want to check , whether diame ter i n
block tio2 is correct (possible reasons for
mistake: tool bit posi tion was incorrectly
set at program start) .
Measuring
( )
1. Press lwPI + ln ml
2. Switch off main spindle
3. Take measurements
N G X z F
correction
00 Oo - 500 - Your rr-easurerr~nt t e lls you that the dia.
o-t 00 0 - ~00 is by o , l o m.<n too J.arge .
Ol K~ -100 - 1100 go 1. Switch on main spindle
O:{ g~ -200 - 1 1M 8o . 2 . PresslH/C~
Oil i~ -300 - 1100 go Feed in tool bit by o,oS Ir<D'.
OS
Program continuation
I. Change over to CNC- cperation
2 . Press lSTARTlkey.
( )
'
5.29
Double keys
-.-
N G X z F
00
01
cJ200
01 ~
03 ~~ - too -~' ~- r-- 100
04
Exar.,ple :
( )
5. 31
~-----------------------------------------------------------0--oublekeys
Attention:
If you pr ess ISTARTI after IINPI +I REV~ the
program sta rts wi t h block NOO. The tool
bit is s til l in t he posi tion as it was ,
when liN PI+ IREv! was pressed.
( NOO ' / NOl' /N02 ' would be the traver se o f
the t ool bi t i f you pressed iSTAR~.
NO
N OO
1-!eas urements:
( ) ~ou have to bring the tool bit before
START in a posi t ion of a b lock star t.
Exa<tple:
5. 33
Double keys
Possibility 1
Switch off main switch.
( ) Possibility 2
Press emergency stop.
G X Z f A Possibility 3
00000
~ If you see a block number indicated on
O'D'j o digital read-out (1\00, NOl , N02 ... ) you
have to:
Delete:
~ )
\ )
5.35
I
, )
6. Alarm Signs
'.
( )
\)
) Causes - Measures
Page 6. 1/Aiarm signs
Alarm Signs
()
N G X Z F A
oooooe
·' 04 1~
k~en you put in dat a to
( ) Ex~p le for wrong input: If you The follzyNin9 ratios for angles ca·
put in G25 , lamp A wi ll light up be put i n: ratio ' x:Z (1 -39): (1 -39). '
and digital read-out wil l i ndi- For f ur t her explanations p l ease see
cate 00 . "Taper turnin9 !11
6. 1
Alarm signs
) Alarm Signs
I" G X Z f A
000000
o41 ~
~~en y6u put in data to
] 1 which the cor-putor does not
~will indicate alarm.
kn~h , it
E100§1 §]
~
/ /
6. 1
'I
I
What happens when wrong
data Is put In - Alarm sign
/ /
/ //
We put in aX-va lue 8o2,4o; i .e. for the
cross slide a traverse path of Bo2,4o ~~. '
6.2
What happens when wrong Data Is put in?
--- Data Input
Operaling p rogram
( • EPROM
(specialists)
6.3
Alarm signs
----------------------------------------
)
N G X z F
00 00 8000
I ) N G X Z F A
f) ""'. 000000
:!)
0 ~@::B
w
r~k:.n
... I 03~1 0 The value X Sooo is too big4 As ;oon as
you put in 8ooo and press the liNPI :<ey ,
EJ ,..., 000§3 ~
the alarm sign will appe ar. On the digi -
tal read- out the type of alarr:l, in this
r-1 ..L
000~ f)l3 case A03 = X-value too big , will be in-
dicated .
N G X Z F A
0 00000
:!)
0
~~easut:es:
II G X z F A
0 0 0 0 0 0
(l ""' ' ~)
0 . IQ)~.B
. .., I
,..- ! r::r.
I 0
El 0008 El
,......., , ,..., 00G~ (il 3 2 . Press lDELI a11d the x - value 8ooo ·.-~ill be
cancelled.
6. 5
J
Alarm signs
~---------------------------------------------------
)
P.easur es:
( )
6. 9
J
I
'
( 'I
, ..
. )
<
1. Storing on tape
To t ransmit f ro~ co~pu ter mecory to
1 tape : l~e call t his mode o f operation
SAVE or CHECK.
Some data
- 1-:eU>Or y cap{lci t y per tape side: approx.
4oo blocks .
- Operation tlce per t ape side : approx.
9 o sec .
Operation advice
1. use on ly digi ta l cassettes 3. Main drive motor must not r un during
LOAD , CHECK, SAVE and ERASE operation.
2. Erase new cassettes completely (see
) page 7 . 23 ). The t est impulse from 4 . Do not put do·"n t ape near ma in motor .
the fi nal control of the producer can
cause Alarm All or Al2.
7. 1
J
Modes of operation SAVE/CHECK
----------------------------------------------------------- -~
Mode of operati on
SAVE = t ransmit from machine memory to magnetic tape
=
CHECK control of t ra nsmitted (loaded) program
I . Press key r:;) until word i ndication G lights up . Press key IDELl
The i ndicated va l,ue d i sappea rs fro:n the dig ita l read-out.
) 2. Put in G65.
Press keys @(ID[!iliil. On t he read-ou t you see C i ndicated. lc I I I I I
magneti c cassette tape operation .
l )
5 . Press key~
Tne t ransmission I loading starts.
c:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~::::::~~~dTape begin
Tape e nd Transmission SAVE
7.3
Modes of operation SAVE/CHECK
I f there are already dat a/programs loaded on the tape , then t he tape
will advance to the end of the program which was l oaded las t . Then
advance 4 seconds and rewind 2 seconds.
4 sec. advance
Transmission SAVE
I )
( )
Pl ease never take ou t tape duri ng operat i on!
7.5
Mode of operation LOAD
I. Press key 1-. J unti l word indication G lights up. If a f i gure of the
G-function appears , press key DEL . Then indication on read-out
disappears.
2. Put in G65 .
Press keys [§J~I INP). Read- out indicates lei I I I I
5 . 2. Loading :
) "n en the wanted p rogram 76 i s found, the l oading operation star t s .
5 . 3 . Aft er the loading is done, the t ape rewinds. The r ead- out sh~~s NOO.
Program nurr.ber 76 is stored in the machine computer.
7. 7
Summary
SAVE , CHECK
7.9
•
J
Alarm sign
Al 2 - Checking mistake
General
h~en swi tching off mach ine (also ~hen cur-
rent b r eaks d~~n) an interference pulse
is put onto the tape . Tnis i nterference
pu l se does not have any effec t since the
loading start only after 2 seconds of
( tape advance.
ThUS :
Tape has to be rm<ind (auto;ratically). lle-
ver t ake tape out during re·.dnd operation.
7. 11
Alarm sign A08
Reason Measures
Tape fin ish during loading (SAVE) f rom - Press [1"NPJ and fREVl
machine me~ory to tape. Tape rewinds to tape begin .
(AOB only when using code SAVEl
Digital read-out indicates NOO.
Alaro s i gn AOB appears on digital read-
out. - Put i n new t ape and repeat loading
operati on.
I Tape begin
Attention:
If you put in th is tape and want to load
t he ne xt f ini shed program (transmit from
.,. tape to machi ne memory) A09 appears " No
program end found!
' )
7. 13
Alarm sign A09
( )
Alarm sign A09:
24 22 17 Pr .N rl6
7.15
J
Alarm sign A 10 Alarm sign A 11
Only when using mode of operation " SAVE" and " ERASE"I
o- s
I f you r e move the writing pro tection
(i. e . the black caps) you cannot put
(o l l o)
a ny mor e dat a on this tape s i de .
:·:easures:
I f you put in such a tape s i de and
you want to t ransoit a pr ogram fron Pres s )wpj + (REV)
the mach ine c.erno1~ t o the t ape , alarm Tape rewinds , put in o ther tape or rr~unt
sign Alo appears. wr iting protecti o n aga in.
A 11 - Load mistake:
Measures Measures
- Switch off rr~ tor Transmi t program to new t ape.
( - Pres s )IIIPI + )ru;v)
The tape re><inds , the read- out ind i -
cat es NOO.
- Repeat l oadi ng oper ation .
- I f you h ave Al l i ndica t ed a lso with
• the folla,;ing loading operati on,
pl ease see reason 2 .
Summary measures
ALARH All
~
Repeat loading
:~ a la rm All
~ Alarm All
(•) Reason was i nte rference •,;he n Re ason was mi s take on tape
load ing
7. 17
Alarm sign A 12
----------------------------------------------------
) A12- Check mistake:
( )
Explanation : Heasure:
You cannot dele t e the fa lse program j ust - Put iniiNPl + I R£v~ tape rewinds , read-
by its aNn. Tnus you have t o give to out ShO'NS NOO.
this program a new number, i f you store
- Put in same program under a new num-
in on the sa~~ tape . If you wou ld use
ber.
the same program n~~~er , then alarm All
would appear when loading (tape - ma- If a l arm A12 appears again, then tape
chine ) since only the f i rst one o f two is defective.
identical program nurrbers can be called
(_) on.
18 17
l'
7. 19
Alarm sign A 12
Check:
- Press liNPl + lru::v~
Tape rewinds to begin, on read - out NOO .
( )
- LOad tape i nto machine merr-ory . If
there is no alarm All when loading,
then the program is o.k.
- During loading All is indicated: the
foll~« ing is necessary - New tape , de-
lete complete tape or put in program
anew under another nuuber.
l·:easures - Sum..l'l)a ry
Repeat loading
( )
No alarm All:
/~ Alarm All:
7.21
Mode of operation "ERASE"
2. Put in G6S ·
Press 65 1NP,on the display you s~e
seeRT] I I I
~~~-~~~~2-~~~~-~~-~e~:~~!~~-~~~~;
It is enough t h at you erase about to
seconds. W"nen loading anew the tape
machine will e r ase automatically all
other remaining data.
(
7.23
_I
Pulling In the tape
-------
When putting In the Tape, pay Attention:
E=============:~
rne tape rewinds 2 seconds.
Switch off :
The tape advances second.
I 4t=:::=======::===:JI
I f you carry on like this , the tape
moves further through the switching on
and off and you got an inter ference
pulse on the tape . A stored prog r.lm
will be r egistered.
7.25
_I
!
8. Tools
'
' ·' ,
tools
--------------------------------------------~~
8. 1
Position of toolholder
Positions of Toolholder
Front position
Back position
8. 3
J
Tool bits
2 Shape turnillg:
The exercises ~~e it possible to use
the right hand side tool for a l l pro-
~-~:;~-~~~-~~-~~gger ~an 3o0 , ~therwise
there ·..:i 11 be insuffi c~ent cl<!<H ance
grarr.ming ·.<ork , part I,.
Fu rther tools are explai ned in part 2 angle.
of the prog ramr.ing exercise s .
- -- - -.-
Exa.:ples of application :
OPER-\TI!IG H!ln' 2
8.5
Tool bits
)
The Left Hand Side Tool (T02)
Dimensions - Applications
2. Shape turni ng
3. Radii
- -- · -~·,·-· --
OPERATING HINT
\ )
If you set the tool in another ang l e po-
sition, ~ = !co0 , you can ta'<e bigger
cuts when facing.
OPERATHIG HINT 2
8. 7
Tool bits
Dimensions - Applications
8.9
Page 1.7/8.5-8 . 1s1Tooling of COMPACT 5CNC
)
)
On the pages 8.5 to 8.15 ~e tric sizes
are shown . Calculate inch sizes your-
self.
o , 3 mm c .ol2" (approximation)
) - · -- ·- ~ ·--r-r-r
()
HSS
Width of tool: .14o"
I 0
Page 1.7/8.5-8 .15
Page 1. 7/9. s-a . 15 / Tooling of COMPACT 5CNC
()
lndexable tip:
For t hreads: 16-49 tpi. and
o,S - 1, 5
Cl earance angle: Goo
=
.-- .-..-,
____, 1--- '--- '-
~). Q
il
II
II
v
I I
"
0
Page 1. 7/ 9.5-9 .1 5
Tool bits
)
External Threading Tool, right hand (T04)
-11\\!1-
\
Plunge Cutting Tool (TOS)
-i-+-1,2
fr
I I
I I
8
I I
Ll
\
' .
8. 11
J
Tool bits
- · -- · r- · -r--r..-
HSS
1ndth of knife : 3 , 5 •r.ro
( )
( )
8. 13
Tool bits
----------------------------------------------
( )
From dia. 14 ~m on .
Dimens ions :
8. 15
Presetting of tools
Presetting of tools
)
~------- 40 ------~
- ----30- - ---1 For the manufacture of most workpieccs
.-.r+-2 x4 so
a few tools are necessary. E.g . right
hand side t ool, threading tool, parting-
..--
II)
off tool.
)(
0
:; ~nen setting up the p r ogr am you have t o
kno~ the positi ons of the various tool s
to each other in X- and z-direction .
- ,---
\ )
If-fF ~ .- --,~
- I-· 1 - -
- '--
·- - · - 1- -- 1-
,,
·-·- -·- 1-
~--·u
0 ""u
Procedure
1
I . Posi tion all tool bits in the toolhol-
der a t center height.
2. Traverse of left hand side tool (T02) .3. Traverse of neutral side tool (T03)
t}t ~
X;On.m X ; 0 r:m
z ; Q run Z; 0 mm
8.18
Presetting o f tool s
4. Traverse of threading tool for exter- 5. Traverse of plunge culting tool (TOS) ·
nal threads (T04)
X =0 om X = 0 mo
Z = t 27,00
Z = t 21 , 00 ml~ l!lm
)
7. Traverse of internal threading
6. Traverse of parting-off tool (TOG) tool (T07)
X = 0 mm X - - 22,5 uo
Z = + 16, 00 mm Z = + 58,0 mm
0 0
~ ~.--.-
'&-?'".J
r-'
L
I ) »
lrl
8.19
Presetting of tools
( '
8.20
J
Presetting of tool s
.-
Example
) Turning of an annular tee-slot and
pa rting- off
r-l--r-
1 I
-
===§nc-----!!~~-~~!-~~!~£~!-~29-~~
I . Right hand
I
I
I
I f 1\t the end of block 1113 the right hand
~. ~ --!-· - -- ~ -- -- 1- -e.~ side tool is a t the indicated position.
,1
11
,I -e.
1J II
1 I
I
I
I
_.)- -
1 N G X z F
h
20 10-
20
2 . Left hand s !~~ -~~!~ -
(16) --------------
Traverse of po sition Q • + 14,00 mm,
1--- . . 1--- - 1- This measure must be taken into account
when you progr am the foll~~ing blocks .
-Goo
0 6oo 100
~·a
100 Q 1.Qo
0 -s-oo
-200 0
} Q soo 100 -
zoo 0 100
!:-;;;-
- - -
- -
0
'
- Qo -- ----· -- ~ -
:.jQ~Q 0 3.0
) 1600
Attention: 0 43S'O
Never change tools when main spindle is - --· -
running! Danger!
8.21
l
Inch ganga/Presetting of tools
_,..
40
30
~RS '2 x For t he ma nufacture of cost workpieces
,..., -r- ;-- i A'
a few tools are necessary . E.g. right
hand side too l, threadiltg tool , parting-
I I I J. off tooL
l
I I I ~
I J ><
I
' J N
--i-<'4 --1- I- · - -- ~ ---· 1- 0
N
' -o.I
.{, _ j -rL-
I
I
I
i __j_
::;: hl1en se tting up the program you have t o
kna~ the pos itions of the various tool s
to each other in X- and Z-direction .
3,5
- 10 >-- 15 -
(
\ I
Procedure
8.17/lnch
Preselllng of tools/Inch ga nge
Attention:
2. Traverse of left hand si de tool (T02) 3 Traverse of neutral sid e tool (T03)
x = o·· X G 0"
z - 0" z = 0
11
0 0
8.18/inch
J
4. Traverse of threading tool f or exter-
nal threads (T04)
------ Inch gange/Preselllng of tools
5. Traverse of plunge cutting to ol (T05)
X • 0" X = 0"
z • . 850" Z= + I. IOO"
0 0
z • +. 650" z = +2 . 340"
0 0
'
8. Traverse of Inside turning tool (TOB)
11
X = - . 900
z- +2.100"
..._
8.19/lnch
Presetting of tool s/Inch gange
~- ---------------------------------------~
Positioning of cutting edges of tools
to each other, if slide posjtion
remains unchanged
8.20/lnch
Inch gange/Presettlng ol tools
- '
-
Example
,.. -- - 1- - ~-.--
1~ -~~2~~ -~~~~-~~~~-~~~- J~!~~~~-~29- ~~
(I · f II I
___!!! ~L
J ..
I _ I
f. "i- -!-- +--1-
f.\ 1-e. !
- 1-- -- ~- ~
-e.
At the end of block lll ) the righ t ha nd
side t ool is at the i ndicated position .
'
-
1,1I _ j--'--l==
I 1- N G X z - F
.05x4 5'_
.a•- --1-- ~o-- •
•
1.4'
• •
,lQ - 1,00 - 200 25
-
• 01
{1 0( 0 -600 25
.J.L ..QL 400 0 25 1-
~~ 00 250
' ~~ 2.( -
.6o + - 550" -
Tra verse of position Q· =
This measure must be taken into
- - 1--- - f-
account "hen you program t he
fo ll~• ing blocks . ·
tl5 co -300
16 01 0 250 25
so
a
~l 01 0 25
18 00 0 -250
49 . 00 - ,(00
r 1 2o Oi 0 250 25
21 01 . '.00 25 -
22 00 250
t -- - (.1 40 +111)-
.,
- -- 23 21
- - -
3 . Parting-off toll ( blocks N2 4 to N29l
.
-- - ------ --- - - --- -- - - - ---- - - - --- -- -~---
The position o f the parting-off t ool' s
~550!.!..._ edge is the sar.e as that of the r i ght
hand side t ooL The distance bet•.<een
r- to the parting - off
/ le ft hapd side tool
t ool: Q = - . 550"
•
/ l/1 2tt co 0 -5 90
25 00 -200
.140. -
2.6 01 0 - 500 AO
'
) 21 00 150 .- -
At t ention:
Never change teo ls ....·hen main spindle is
28 co 0 1'/190
r unning! Danger !
2'1 22
8.21/lnch
Radius Compensation
I
Radius Compensation
(The Equidistant)
a
Definition:
Programming up to now
IHth all our prograrrJiling exercises up
to nzy~ we assumed that the tool bit is
absolutely pointed. 1\e h,;~ve progratr.:ned
the workpiece sha•n left hand like
follo><s:
N G X z F
.. 01 0 -z, ...
.. 01 X< -z, ...
( )
Th e radiu s of curvature of a corner
(
-~
. T In fact , each carbide tip has a certain
corner radius (r). Without the corner
radius the carbide tip would break or
melt when working.
The radii are standardized according
to ISO: r • o ,4/o,8/1,2/1,6/2,o/2,4 ron
S Center of radius
r = Corner radius
K c Imaginary cutting point
(Location of reference point)
T ~ Theoretical point
8.23
Radius Compen sa tion_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _..-!
fol lo ~ t he outline A B C D
I. Distance A8 (length Z l)
I " I :. I : 1-:.1 · I
De t e r mi ning t he out line i s poi n t Pl .
I · I :.I :.1 , I · I
Determining the out l ine is poi nt P2 .
Conclusion:
8 .24
Radius Compensation
2. Taperturnlng
2 . 1 . Distance liB
2 . 2 . Distance BC
f
\, } I, I:.1.:. 1-:. I , I
Here we see that it is not the i ma-
ginary point of the cutting edge K
but the po i nt P2 which dete r mines
the outline .
I n other ~-:ords , with this prcgran
t he outline B'C ' will be turned off .
2 . 3 . Distance CO
I · I :. I : 1-:, I , I
De t ermining for the outline i s
poi nt Pl.
8.25
J
Radius Compensation
2. 4 . Distance DE
Resu lt:
(
Because of the corner r adius "r " o f t he
tool bi t the determiting cutting point p
a lters.
So:
Zt is to short ( size = lJ. z )
z~ is to long ( size +A z ) .
Consequence:
8.26
J
Radius Compensation
Example 1
Calculating th e Calculating th e
point K pointS
( 1. Distance AB
Z!~· - z , -t r - lc
( ) .
'
- - -1-
1 - -1- 8.27
2. Distance BC
- z. ---; r--- z, - -1
IJ-- l i • l,
3. Distance CD
.--- - z, - --1
\ ..I ~ lz
Zl • z, -r +l1 _.,.t
-z; = 2 3 - r-+ lt
= ~~-(r - h,)
"'" !:>~ -
8.28
Radius Compensation
Example 2
I )
Distance AB
I
- j ..,'
z.. - 2 .., -t- uA -::t
z::.
8 .29
Radius Compensation
Distance BC
fo--- - z, --~
(
Path of K in Z-Oi r ection Path of S in Z-Oi rection
r.~ = r2.- r -t le
.... l2..- (r - lc)
'-- .. ~
6.2
AX
Calculating Lx:and AX
6.X "' r - Lx
"' r - r. tg 9 ~
8.30
Rlldius Compensation
)
Distance CD
><
"'
"<I
•
..'
,r~
r )
Path of S In X-Directlon
Path of Kin X-Direcllon
I
X2 -= X2. t r - Lx
\ '" ~
t.X
Conclusion:
I )
8.31
J
Radiu s Compensation
o, 4 o,5 o,S I ,o
Ax o , o3 o , o4 o ,o7 o ,o8
so LI Z o , 38 0 , 40 o, 76 o , 96
AX o,o6 o , oB 0' 13 o , 16
lo 0 o , 36 o , 46 o , 73 o , 91
LIZ
AX o , o9 o , 12 o, 19 o , 23
IS0 o , 3S o , 43 o , 69 o,87
4Z
AX o, 12 o , IS 0 , 24 o , 3o
2o0 o,3 3 o , 41 o , 66 o , 82
Az
AX o, 17 o, 21 o , 34 o , 42
3oo
AZ o , 29 o , 37 o , S9 o , 73
AX o,21 0 , 27 o , 43 o , 53
4o0 o , 2S o , 32 o , Sl o,64
Az
AX o, 23 o , 29 o , 47 o,S9
45° LI Z o , 23 o , 29 o , 47 o , 59
AX o , 2S o , 32 o , 5I o ,64
So0 o, 21 o , 27 o , 43 0,5 3
Az
AX o , 29 o , 37 o,S9 o , 73
6o0 o, 17 o , 21 o ,34 o, 42
LIZ
AX o,33 0 , 41 0,66 o , 82
7o0 o ,24 o , 3o
AZ o, 12 o , IS
Ax o , 3S 0 , 43 o , 69 o,87
75° o, 19 o , 23
AZ o,o9 0 ' 12
8 .32
-•
9. Glance Into Production Machinery
/ .•,
Automation
Since production tirr.<a (•,;orkpiece time)
has to be kept as short as possible ,
- s •.< itching on the main spindle ,
- se tt i ng o f spindl e speed ,
- tool change ,
- var ious switching functions (e . g .
coolant on , coolant off)
( ) are a uto~ised and prograrr~ed .
Programming
When develop ing a CNC un i t , it is a l -
ways the goal to develop it for simple
and praxis- oriented programming.
J )
9.1
Character store/Address letters
Charac- Charac-
l·:eaning ~:eaning
ter ter
A •rurning movement - x-axis p Third u~veme n t paral l e l to X-ax is
B Turning moveme nt - Y-a xis or parame t er for tool corre ction
c Turni ng rnover.:ent - Z-Dxis
Q Third moveme nt parallel to Y- axls
D •rurning r::ove :::cnt addi ti dnal axis or pararr.eter for tool correction
or third f eed R ~nird mover.:ent par a llel to z-ax l s
E Turning movement further axis or or r api d t r averse di r ection z-
second feed axi s or para~eter for tool cor-
p Peed r ection
G Preparatory function s Spindle speed
H (unassigned) T Tool
I I nt er polation parruneter or thread u Second rr~vemc n t paral l e l to X-
pitch paralle l to x- axis axis
J Inte rpolation pararr.ete r or thread v Second movcu.e nt parallel to Y-
pi t ch parallel to Y-a xis axis
K Interpolation parameter or th read w Second move=ent parallel t o ~
pitch parallel to z-axis a xis
(unassigned) X !·!ove:.:ent i n direction of X-axis
Auxiliary functi on y Nove:::ent in direction of 't-axis
II Bloc)< number z :-:ovement i n direction o f Z- axis
0 (no t to be used )
9.2
Preparatory functions
The avai l able nurrber of preparatory These unassigned ones can ce used by
functions are oore numerous with in- the ~~nufacturer of a control unit for
dustrial machines . The meaning of such certain control functions.
functions is defined according to DIN
66 o25 , par ts of i t are unassig ned. The r..eaning of such specially ass igned
functions is explained in the instr uc-
tion bocks of the relative machine .
Preparatory P<eparatory
:.:ea.n ing
Function Function
9 .3
Miscellaneous functions
--- ----------------------------------------------------------~
-
~li scellaneous Niscell<:neous
:.:eaning V.eaning
Function Function
9 .4
Decimal numbers I Zero suppression
Example:
1/loo mm input ( lil<e CO~lPAC'I' 5 CNC) :
x-value is 24 , 25 rrm
Input: 2425 (no decimal point)
Example:
I nput of decima l point :
( )
x-value is 24,2 5 rrm
Input: 24,25 ( prograrr~ing of decimal point)
The notati on XOOI 2 , 145 i s vague and corr;plicated . Thus ·.< ith
many NC units the leading ze ros need not be .:ritten.
Example·
XOOI2,
........
145 Xl 2 ,145
Le:aing zeros
Example·
Xl2,2$:9 Xl2 .
/
Consecutive zeros l
\ )
9.5
_,
Formats
A t ypica l e xar.ple:
li4/G2/X4 3/ Z<l )/ .•.... etc .
h"hat r:r.eans X4 3?
X 43
The first f i gure neans the The second f i gure r:r.eans the
number of possible digi ts nuc~er of possible digi t s
before the deci~al poi n t after the decimal point
,,_.,.,_ (
3
9.6
Programming of absolute value I Programming of reference value
( l
Programming of absolute value I Programming of reference value
~ 00 G9o
-z «R\ ..,
0
·- -s. - - 1-"' .t p, ol ol Ia Go
r
p, o2 ol lo 45
Ze10- ~ ~
point pl o3 ol 2o 0
..
/ p2
\. By progrrua~ing o f G90 all follo'<i ng X/Z
inputs ~i l l be ca l culated as absolut e .
+X \pj ·. This instruction will be cance lled , i f
you progr am G9t .
Exercise:
{ Describe poi nts P1 /P, /P, in the absolute
' system. Zero point as i nd i c a ted.
-x
N G X z F
~
.
-z 1/ & +Z
- ~
~eropoint
/
+X
{ )
.
9.7
Programming of diameter
I
Programming of diameter
-
l~orkp ieces to be turned are mostly ind i - t·:nether the customer (••ho buys the oa-
cated in the technical dra;d ng «i th chi ne ) wants a prog rarrmi ng facility fo r
t heir diarr~te r s. To convert t he diame- radius or for di a~eter has to be indi-
ter values into radius values is time cated ~hen orderi ng the ~~C - machine.
consuming and can bring about miscalcu-
l ation. Tnerefore , with practically all
lathes t he diameter is prograrrmed.
Example:
Zero point as indica ted
60 Prcgrar.ming of absolute value
Prograr:Jlling of diameter
30
14- 15• N G X z
~ p1
..
..
9o
2o 6o
( )
1 PJ .. 2o 45
~ ~ -- ; - I-
-
r
"'
P, .. 4o 3o
/ ~.
~
+X \p)
.
N G X z F
;
J
9.8
Control circuit
( )
..
, ... , ,..
......... ...
·~
( )
l\'C -control
uni t
( )
,."', .,.."....0
k 0
(!)
>
<I
k
...."
... ~~~~~~~-~~!~~ ~~!~~
8
<> The NC- control un it gives the instr uc-
r:
·-< tion to traverse to t he f eed motor , e . g.
to traverse b y 37 ,2 5 r.ro. An a nswer back
Nachine teed
motor J(j- signal , ,.,hether t he slide has actually
moved , is not g i ven.
I )
9.9
Control circuit
(}
11' NC-
" --;:::==:;){ control
n I'
~ un i t
....5
...u
CD .......5
"~
tl
....<:
I I
I
~:::::::::::::d
IOOmm I
230mm
~~!~£~~!~ - !~~~~e!~~
l )
~ne slide is a t position 23o rr.-u. \~e
give i nstr uc tion to t rave r se Z - l )o r.m .
The pos i t ion ceas ure s ystem reports to
t he !lC-cont r o l unit: my position is
23o t:'.m .
9 .1 0
Important points
(
Important Points
Syrr.bol ~ H
Symbo l ~ R
Calibration procedure
XI·IR}
Z!·~
= fi x s tored va lues
I )
9. 11
Important points
~-------------------------------------------
Example
Slides are in reference poi nt position R.
Program:ning the of fsct fro:n R to oachinc
reference point M as fo llo~s.
tl G X z
.. G9o
.. ol XHR Z~IR
The refore:
Offset o f the origin of the coordinate
systen into the ~:orkpi ece ze ro poi nt I~.
G92 Proqrar.med offset of reference point
I
x,,,~ Coordinates of 1-1
= 200
.' Z-llxi s: ZR"o1 = ZMR -
P rogra ~~ ing
ZM'rl
the offset
- 40 = 160
N G X z
.. 90
.. 92 120 160
9.12
lmportanl polnls
( )
Ex ample
N G X z
.. 9o
.. 92 12o 16o
.. 00 lo So
.. ol lo 6c
l)lf l f ?OOJ .. ol 3o 25
( l
~------~ ------·~
Exe rcise
_C
z
~
N G X F
- .. w
- r·- ~- - -·- 1-.:! ~ 0
- !!
"$
L
i
120
200
( )
9 .13
Important points
- ,A
-J{ Jr --r- -
m, ~ : __J /-~-
w
- ·- If l?'l I~
- l.. --1-- -l
M
L __ _
T'nerc aa:e even trJOrc r e ference points on
certain r;c- ::achines (compare relative
instruc tion b ook) .
R =E • T =F
9 .14
Address N
)
A Programming Sheet of a n Industrial Machine
z I K F
I R
I I I I s T M
Ex ample
1+-- 29 --+1 'I he progra~~~r has f ixed a depth of cut
of 5 mm . l\"hon t he operation s t arts , the
de pth o f cut tur n s out to be too l arge .
0 N X/U Z/W
" - - -1---
$
G
00 84 3 .000 3o.ooo
01 84 2 . 000 3o.ooo
10
20
N G X/U Z/li
~ """ """"""
................
00
10
84 5. 000 3o ooo
20
30
- . . -- ~
Which possibi lities do you have for in-
N~l sert ing a block on t he CO~!PACJ' 5 CIIC?
~ \ """"
lihic h other possibilities ···ould there be
in t his exar:ple - Maybe 1<ithout dividing
the block?
{ ) NOD
In w•hich ....ay were the values X and z
give n?
9.15
The Addresses G/X/Z/R/M
I K s T M
Programming example
Block I: Spindle speed in clcck•,;iso di-
r ection 24oo rev/min.
N G s H
01 97 2400 03
02 07
9.16
AddressS
X z I K F T M
= 62 m/ min .
to
d2 X1f" X S 4o X '1i X looo
Vs2 = !coo looo
~ 124 m/rrin.
The r.a xinum cutti ng speed is gi ven (de -
) pendi ng on oat er i a l of the tool b it ,
r aw mat e r i a l o f workpiece , depth of
cut, e t c . ) .
~~~'!~~~ ~~2~ ~
- ~~en cut ti ng speeds change also cut-
t i ng condi tion (sur face) ·.-Ul change.
- 11any caterials can be hardly worked
wi t h teo lo·.< cutting speeds.
9.17
Addresses IlK
--------------------------------------------
Addresses 1/K
X z ®I F R s ., T IM
( I
Prograrr...-ning
1121 35
N G X z I K
10 01 30 -35
20 02 60 - 47 25 IS
.--J
I 'I
0
~ -· -+-
Po
I "'"'"
Block lo: Program:ni ng of P1 to P, .
-L-·-·-t-·-·
I ' Bleck 2o: Turning o f radius
Tool bit is at point P2 .
x,z- values:
In colurr~s X and Z we enter the coordi-
nates of point P~ .
X60 (Progranming of diarr~ter )
Z-47 (Programmi ng of absolute val ue )
1/K-values
( I
9.20
Addresses X/U , Z/ W
Addresses X/ U, Z/ W
I K IF R s T M
The measurements in c ost drawings are For this case the address e s u and N are
given in a mixed code, both absolute used. I f the values a r e enter ed under
and increr..en tal. IH th the preparatory x,z t hey will be calc ulated as absolute.
functions G90 and G91 you can choose I f ent ered under U/h', the values ·.~ill
bet.:een these two codes. In many in- be increc:ental .
stances it will ho-..;ever be simpler to
program in both· codes i n one block .
Exarr.ple:
( ) ~------ ~------~
The points P1 /P1 /P:; are prograr.rr;ed . The
point P1 is ab·ays wri tten absolute.
Exercise:
( )
9 .21
Addre ss T
Address T (Tool)
Address forll'.at : T'l (T .. .. )
I K F R
I I
s ® M
Fixing
oo
9 .22
-
Address T
) Tool pre-seHing
The se t ti ng ·chart
Le f t hand t ool:
L Go rn:l
Q o !S u.ro
\. )
9.23
Address T
Programming
(
Add ress format: T4
T •.
........ -
L Nun<.bcr of tool (TOI , T02 ,
'1'03 , '1'04)
Example :
!/ T H
00 o4o4 o6
120 o3ol c6
'IOJO l
'1'0301
------------------------------
9.24
Address T
Exanple:
Tool: TO!
( ) L = 25 II-11 I Q = 4
' r;.o
- ·-$· R = o , B m::1
- -·..-Q
Tool : 'T02
I L = 25 , 8 run I Q • 2o ~~
R = o,S =
·$-·
( )
Inputs
1. L- value
2 . Q-value
9.25
Address T
N G X z
00 90
01 92 ~X~!Rc~XI·~~ ZWR= Zt·1R-Z!·:'t'l
02 ~X +Z
Procedure :
r
r-
h
Z px
-
- w
- lt.i
r...'
-- ~- -- -- X
'S
- - - -
-
M
L-
L- J
"
C>.
X
-- _0 .,_
"1 "2
..J
\1'1 -r-E•R X
~
\, Ill"
Zwe- ZwR -
zi.IR • zi,IE
9.26
Address T
Run-oft In Computer
!·lachine Tool
storage Storage storage
3 4
5
6
Hicroprocessor
( l I nstructions
9.27
PROGRAIVIMBLATI EMCO COMPACT 5 CNC
N G X z F Bemerkungen S (1/m·nj
( l
--
-- --
t-
( -
)
O..nennung (Name Oalum BlaU
~e·clv\\>ngs· Nr.
Ptograrrm·l-~.
Conversions page I
Length Measurement
, .
Inch system He tric $ystem
Inch mm
1011 254 mm
Conversioo • t II 25,4 rnm
. 1" 2,54 mm
Inch to mm
11
.01 o, 254 !L.'!I
loo 3 .937oo 4
+ Q!y_ide mm by 25.4 1o .3937o .4
Example: 41.4o2 rrm : 25.4 = 1.63" 1 .o3937 .o4
+Multiply inch· with .o4 (rounded o, I .oo393 . 004
factor) o,ol . ooo39 .0004
Example: 1 IUD x .o4 = . o4 "
/
'I
"'-~"\
)
Conversions page 1
I
a·
I
r Conversions pago 2
l'.etcric
Feed s i ze l a given in inch per re- Feed size is given in mm por revo-
vol ution. lution.
inch
F
1 • rev7 Ftc =
-
rev .
\ )
·.
Conversion
\
!E£!!. - - -- - to - -- - mm
Rov. rev.
o.oofinc~
Lrev]
x 125.41 c o,o254r ltll!l
Lre~
~ inch
rov. to
rev. r)
.o2sf-J
rov.
X
EJ G
o.ool" cinch]
.rev .
I
I
I
..
( ) (( J
Conversions page 2
Conversions page 3
•
'
,~
, oI
Metric
Inch
, .
Feed speed is given in inch per minute Feed speed is given in rrn per minute
- F2 [Inch]
min.
= s G(L1J X Fl
~c:v]
Exampl e:
I
Fl
s • 15oo rpm
F2 • ?
inch
F2 • s X Fl = 15oo x .ooos I,2
min .
Conversions page j
~,
Conversions page 4
'
~) ''k I
Cutting Speed (Vs) f
Hetric
In inch practice .the cutting speed In metric practice the cutting speeds
is given in feed per minute are given in meter per minute
In short:
SFH (surface speed per minute) or
fprn (feed per minute )
Sx'Jr xD sx11' xD
12 = 1ooo
j
Vs = Cutting speed (feed per minute) Vs Cutting speed (meter per minute)
S = Spindle speed (rpm) S = Spindle speed (rpm)
D = Diameter of ~orkpiece (inch) o = Diameter of \,·orkpiece
So fpm x B • 24 m/min
' fpm
(
\ 2. Hetric
Hultiply m/min-value
with 3. 3
,
24 m/min x~ - So fpm.
/
s = Spindle speed (rpm)
Vs Cutting speed (fpm)
D = Diameter (inch)
~- k /'
•'I
• •
1( = 3.14
]_