INTRODUCTION TO LNG DISTRIBUTION

WHAT IS LNG?
Liquefied Natural Gas, or LNG, is Natural Gas in its liquid form. When Natural Gas is cooled to minus 161 degrees Celsius, it becomes a clear, colorless, odorless liquid. In its liquid state, LNG is a clear liquid with a density about half that of water. This volume reduction permits cost-effective transportation of LNG over long distances. Natural Gas is primarily methane, with low concentrations of other hydrocarbons, water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen and some sulfur compounds. During the process known as liquefaction, Natural Gas is cooled below its boiling point, removing most of these compounds. The remaining Natural Gas is primarily methane with only small amounts of other hydrocarbons.

HOW IS NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTED?

Natural Gas is distributed by pipelines as well as by surface transport (sea, road or rail) as depicted in the chart below:

PIPED NATURAL GAS TRADITIONAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Lack of suitable technology ensured that Natural Gas was transported through a maze of pipelines & associated systems to reach the end-user. Though it is the most popular means of domestic distribution, its share in the global Natural Gas trade is reducing with technological advances. The transportation system for Natural Gas consists of a complex network of pipelines, designed to transport Natural Gas from source to large markets. The Natural Gas to be distributed is typically depressurized at or near the city gate, as well as scrubbed and filtered to ensure low moisture and particulate content.

 GOLNG REVOLUTION IN NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION

Industries are deprived of Natural Gas as a source of energy if they lack access to a pipeline grid. Inox India Limited has taken an initiative to promote distribution of LNG by road so that it is made available to such customers. Our LNG distribution model enables all such buyers to receive Natural Gas at their premises by adopting GoLNG concept. The business is intended to set up an end-to-end system on turnkey basis for storage, transportation & regasification of LNG

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WHY LNG?
LNG provides consumers with access to vast Natural Gas resources worldwide. LNG produces less greenhouse gas and toxic emissions than liquid or solid fuels due to the molecular structure of gaseous fuels. LNG is an odorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive liquid. If spilled, it would not result in a slick. LNG evaporates quickly and disperses, minimizing the fire or explosion hazards.

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ADVANTAGES OF LNG
CONVENIENCE: With LNG, one cannot run out of fuel. On-site storage ensures increased reliability & supply assurance. ECONOMY: LNG reduces not just the fuel cost but also saves money. Equipment running on LNG are virtually maintenance-free and that means additional savings. Also, LNG prices are relatively stable compared to prices of other fuels derived from crude. SAFETY: LNG is the safest fossil fuel with a narrow flammability range (5% to 15%). ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS: LNG is the cleanest burning fossil fuel. LOW M AINTENANCE: Clean burning nature of LNG means less maintenance and repairs & a lower equipment replacement cost over the years.

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ADVANTAGES OF GoLNG
Reduced O&M cost Modular pacskage gives increased flexibility Uninterrupted & network-independent gas supply

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APPLICATIONS OF LNG
Steam & Heat requirement (Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Boiler, TFH, Drier, Hot Air Generator, etc.) Power (Captive power generation with/without waste heat recovery for steam & chilling applications) Air conditioning & Chilling Feedstock