Electricity Information 2005

I E A
S T A T I S T I C S
I N T E R N AT I O N A L E N E R G Y A G E N C Y
2005
ELECTRICITY
INFORMATION
ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) - iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................. vii
PART I
WORLD ELECTRICITY DEVELOPMENTS
1.
Summary ........................................................I.3
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Production........................................................... I.3
Consumption....................................................... I.4
Trade................................................................... I.4
OECD Prices....................................................... I.4
2.
Production and Installed Capacity...............I.5
2.1 OECD Production and Installed Capacity ........... I.5

2.1.1 - Hydroelectric Power................................. I.6
2.1.2 - Nuclear Power ..................................
I.6
2.1.3 - Geothermal, Solar, Tide, Wave and
Wind Power ............................................ I.6
2.1.4 - Combustible Fuels ................................... I.8
Coal............................................................... I.8
Oil ................................................................. I.8
Gas ................................................................ I.9
Combustible Renewables. and Wastes .......... I.9
2.1.5 - Heat Production Sold to Third Parties...... I.9
2.1.6 - Direct Use of Heat................................. I.10
2.2 Non-OECD Production ..................................I.10

2.2.1 - Hydroelectric Power............................... I.10
2.2.2 - Nuclear Power ....................................... I.10
2.2.3 - Geothermal, Solar, Tide, Wave and
Wind Power........................................... I.10
2.2.4 - Combustible Fuels ................................. I.11
Coal ....................................................... I.11
Oil.......................................................... I.11
Gas ........................................................ I.11
2.2.5 - Heat Production Sold to Third Parties ... I.11

3.
OECD Consumption ....................................... I.13
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
Electricity Consumption .................................... I.13

Sectoral Consumption of Electricity .................. I.13
Heat Consumption ............................................ I.14
Market Shares .................................................. I.14
4.
Electricity Trade...........................................I.17
4.1 OECD Electricity Trade..................................... I.17

4.2 Non-OECD Electricity Trade ............................. I.17
5.
OECD Prices ................................................I.19
5.1 Electricity Prices for Industry ............................ I.19

5.2 Electricity Prices for Households ...................... I.20
5.3 Prices of Competing Fuels................................ I.20
6.
Trends in the OECD Electricity Sector ......I.21
6.1 Energy and Electricity Intensity......................... I.21

6.2 Electricity Production ........................................ I.22
7.
Saving Electricity in a Hurry .......................I.23
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Executive Summary .......................................... I.23

Who Needs this Book and When? ................... I.25
Vignettes of Power Shortfalls............................ I.27
Conclusions ...................................................... I.27
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
iv - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition)
PART I
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Tables:
1.
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
OECD Electricity production, imports, exports, apparent consumption, 2004 (TWh) .........................................I.31
Electricity production, imports, exports, final consumption, 2003 (TWh) ............................................................I.32
OECD Gross electricity production, by country, by fuel, 2004 (TWh) .................................................................I.36
OECD Gross electricity production from combustible fuels, by country, 2004 (TWh).........................................I.37
OECD Gross heat production from combustible fuels, by country, 2004 (PJ) ....................................................I.38
Gross electricity production, by country, by fuel, 2003 (TWh) ............................................................................I.39
Gross electricity production from combustible fuels, by country, 2003 (TWh) ....................................................I.43
Gross heat production from combustible fuels, by country 2003 (PJ).................................................................I.47
Fuel use for electricity and heat production, by country, 2003 (PJ) ....................................................................I.50
Electricity production and consumption, OECD, 1973 - 2003 (TWh)..................................................................I.54
Net maximum electricity capacity in public plants, OECD, by fuel, 1974 - 2003 (GW) .......................................I.55
Electricity generation and heat sold, OECD, 1974 - 2003...................................................................................I.56
Electricity production from combustible fuels in electricity plants, OECD, 1980 - 2003 ......................................I.57
Electricity and heat produced for sale from combustible fuels in CHP plants, OECD,1980 2003....................I.58
Heat produced for sale from combustible fuels in heat plants, OECD, 1980 2003 ..........................................I.59
IEA Electricity generating capacity, 1974 - 2003 (GW).......................................................................................I.60
OECD Electricity consumption, by country, 1960 - 2003 (TWh) .........................................................................I.62
Electricity consumption, OECD, by sector, 1973 - 2003 (TWh) ..........................................................................I.63
Electricity consumption, OECD, by industry, 1973 - 2003 (TWh) ......................................................................I.63
OECD Final consumption of heat, by country, 1980 - 2003 (Mtoe).....................................................................I.64
Final consumption of heat, OECD, by sector, 1980 - 2003 (per cent of total).....................................................I.65
Share of final consumption, OECD, by fuel, by sector, 2003 (per cent of total)..................................................I.65
Final consumption, OECD, by fuel, by sector, average annual rate of growth (%), 1960 - 1973 ........................I.66
Final consumption, OECD, by fuel, by sector, average annual rate of growth (%), 1973 - 2003 ........................I.66
OECD Total electricity imports, by country, 1960 - 2004 (GWh).........................................................................I.67
OECD Total electricity exports, by country, 1960 - 2004 (GWh).........................................................................I.68
Electricity trade, 1960 - 2003 (GWh)...................................................................................................................I.69
OECD: Indices of real energy prices for end-users.............................................................................................I.70
USA: Indices of real energy prices for end-users................................................................................................I.71
OECD-Europe: Indices of real energy prices for end-users................................................................................I.72
Japan: Indices of real energy prices for end-users .............................................................................................I.73
Electricity prices for industry in US dollars/kWh..................................................................................................I.74
Electricity prices for industry in US dollars/toe ....................................................................................................I.74
Electricity prices for households in US dollars/kWh............................................................................................I.75
Electricity prices for households in US dollars/toe ..............................................................................................I.75
Electricity prices for households in US dollars/kWh, converted with purchasing power parities.........................I.76
Purchasing power parities, national currency/US dollars....................................................................................I.76
Heavy fuel oil prices for electricity generation in US dollars/tonne .....................................................................I.77
Heavy fuel oil prices for electricity generation in US dollars/toe .........................................................................I.77
Steam coal prices for electricity generation in US dollars/tonne.........................................................................I.78
Steam coal prices for electricity generation in US dollars/toe.............................................................................I.78
7
Natural gas prices for electricity generation in US dollars/10 kcal, gross calorific value basis..........................I.79
Natural gas prices for electricity generation in US dollars/toe, net calorific value basis .....................................I.79
US dollar exchange rates in national currencies.................................................................................................I.80
Figures:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Indices of real energy end-use prices, OECD.....................................................................................................I.81

Indices of real energy end-use prices, Japan .....................................................................................................I.81
Indices or real energy end-use prices, United States .........................................................................................I.82
Indices of real energy end-use prices, OECD Europe ........................................................................................I.82
World electricity and energy production.....................................................................................................................I.83

Electricity production by fuel, by country ............................................................................................................ I.84-I.89
ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) - v
PART II
OECD ELECTRICITY DATA
Directory of Part II Tables ...................................II.3
1.
Principles and Definitions ...........................II.5

I
II
III
IV
V
VI
General Notes..........................................II.5
Data Sources .......................................... II.5
Units and Conversions ...........................II.6
Notes on Energy Sources and Flows .....II.7
Price Data .............................................II.10
Quarterly Energy Statistics ...................II.12
2.
Geographical Coverage ............................II.13
3.
Country Notes ............................................II.15
4.
Conversion Factors ...................................II.29
Country Specific Net Calorific Values .................II.30

OECD Total .........................................................II.36
OECD North America ..........................................II.50
OECD/IEA Pacific ...............................................II.64
OECD Europe .....................................................II.76
IEA Total..............................................................II.90
IEA North America.............................................II.104
IEA Europe ........................................................II.118
European Union - 15 .........................................II.132
Australia ............................................................II.146
Austria ...............................................................II.162
Belgium .............................................................II.181
Canada ..............................................................II.200
Czech Republic .................................................II.218
Denmark ............................................................II.237
Finland...............................................................II.256
France ...............................................................II.275
Germany............................................................II.294
Greece...............................................................II.312
Hungary .............................................................II.330
Iceland...............................................................II.349
Ireland ...............................................................II.364
Italy....................................................................II.381
Japan.................................................................II.398
Korea .................................................................II.414
Luxembourg.......................................................II.431
Mexico ...............................................................II.449
Netherlands .......................................................II.465
New Zealand .....................................................II.483
Norway ..............................................................II.498
Poland ...............................................................II.517
Portugal .............................................................II.536
Slovak Republic.................................................II.554
Spain .................................................................II.573
Sweden .............................................................II.591
Switzerland ........................................................II.610
Turkey................................................................II.627
United Kingdom.................................................II.644
United States.....................................................II.663
vi - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition)
Units and Technical Abbreviations

t
metric ton = tonne (1 t = 1000 kg)
Mt
million tonnes
toe
tonne of oil equivalent (1 toe = 41.868 GJ = 107 kCal)
Mtoe
million tonnes of oil equivalent
kW
kilowatt (103 watts)
kWh
kilowatt hour
MW
Megawatt (electric) (106 watts)
MWh
Megawatt hour
GW
Gigawatt (109 watts)
GWh
Gigawatt hour (1 GWh = 3.6 TJ)
TW
Terawatt (1012 watts)
TWh
Terawatt hour (1 TWh = 3.6 PJ)
kcal
kilocalories (103 calories)
KJ
kilojoule (103 joules)
GJ
Gigajoule (109 joules)
TJ
Terajoule (1012 joules)
GCV
Gross Calorific Value
NCV
Net Calorific Value
TFC
Total Final Consumption
TPES
Total Primary Energy Supply
U.S. dollars (unless otherwise specified)
..
not available
estimated or preliminary data
confidential data
not applicable
ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) - vii
INTRODUCTION
IEA Electricity Information 2005 is the latest edition
of an annual publication intended to provide sound
market information on electricity and heat to policy
and market analysts, and those employed in all sectors of the electricity industry.
This monitoring and reporting of historical trends
and current energy market situation provides a
strong foundation for policy and market analysis, to
better inform the policy decision process toward
selecting policy instruments that are best suited to
meet domestic and/or international objectives.
IEA Electricity Information 2005 brings together in
one volume the basic statistics compiled by the IEA
on electricity and heat production. It also includes
information on installed capacity, consumption,
trade and prices.
Part I of the publication provides a statistical overview of developments in the markets for electricity
and heat in the OECD 30 Member countries, as well
as input fuel prices, end-user electricity prices in US
dollars and corresponding exchange rates used.
Part I also includes some non-OECD countries statistics on electricity production, imports and exports
and heat production.
In a context of often tight supply/demand electricity
market, and the challenge of dealing with temporary shortfalls in electricity supplies, Part I of this
edition of the Electricity Information will also acquaint the reader with IEAs analysis of strategies
and measures for Saving Electricity in a Hurry.
Part II provides, in tabular form, a more detailed and
comprehensive picture of the power and heat industry developments for OECD 30 Member countries.
In addition, calorific values used for preparing national energy balances are presented.
Documentation at the front of Part II provides important information that will assist the reader in correctly using the data in this publication.
This information is structured as follow:
1. Principles and Definitions
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
General Notes
Data Sources
Units and Conversions
Notes on Energy Sources
Price Data
Quarterly Statistics
2. Geographical Coverage
3. Country Notes
4. Conversion Factors
OECD data are taken from IEA/OECD databases of
Energy Statistics that are based on annual submissions from OECD Member countries to the Secretariat. The Energy Statistics Division of the IEA
Secretariat works closely with national administrations to secure consistency in time series and with
IEA product definitions and reporting conventions.
The finalized data provide the basis for IEA/OECD
Energy Balances of OECD Countries and Energy
Statistics of OECD Countries.
Price data in Part I are derived from IEA/OECD
Energy Prices and Taxes. Readers should consult
this publication for detailed information on data
coverage and sources.
The non-OECD data are based upon information
collected by the IEA Secretariat, national submissions to the United Nations in Geneva and New
York, and national energy publications. The resulting synthesis is published in Energy Balances of
Non-OECD Countries and Energy Statistics of Non-
viii - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition)
OECD Countries. Users of this publication are directed to the Methodology Section of those publications for more detail on individual non-Member
countries covered in the publication.
All of Part II tables and selected tables from Part I
are available on CD-ROM. Information on ordering
CD-ROM and other energy statistics publications is
available at the end of this book, and on the IEA
website at http//www.iea.org.
In addition, a data service is available on the internet. It includes unlimited access through an annual
subscription as well as the possibility to obtain data
on a pay-per-view basis. Details are available at
http://data.iea.org.
Further information on reporting methodologies is
also available on the IEA Web site.
Annual energy data are collected by the Energy Statistics Division (ESD) of the IEA Secretariat, headed
by Mr. Jean-Yves Garnier. OECD electricity statistics in ESD were the responsibility of Mr. Antonio
Di Cecca. Mr. Michel Francoeur had overall responsibility for this publication.
Also in the IEA Secretariat, thanks are due to the
non-OECD Member countries section headed by
Mr. Riccardo Quercioli, to the OECD Balances section headed by Ms. Karen Tranton, and to Mr. Alan
Meier for his contribution to Part I of the publication.
Editorial and secretarial support from Ms. Sharon
Burghgraeve and Ms. Susan Stolarow is also gratefully acknowledged.
Enquiries, comments and suggestions are welcome
and should be addressed to:
Michel Francoeur or Antonio Di Cecca
Energy Statistics Division
International Energy Agency
9, rue de la Fdration,
75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
Tel:
(33 1) 40 57 66 31 or 40 57 66 47
Fax:
(33 1) 40 57 66 49
E-mail:
eleaq@iea.org
ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART I - I.1
PART I
WORLD ELECTRICITY DEVELOPMENTS
1 SUMMARY
1.1 Production
Between 1973 and 2003, world electricity production has increased from 6124 TWh to 16742 TWh.
The average annual growth rate during that time
span is 3.4%. In 1973, 72.9% of electricity production was in countries that are currently members of
the OECD. In 2003, 59.4% of electricity production
was in OECD countries.
The increase of electricity production share of NonOECD countries reflects the higher average growth
rate which has prevailed since 1973. In the last 30
years, electricity production has increased at an annual rate of 4.8% in Non-OECD countries while in
OECD countries the annual growth rate during the
same period is 2.7%
In 2003, 66% of world electricity production was
from generating plants burning fossil fuel. Hydro
plants provided 16.3%, nuclear plants 15.7%, combustible renewables and waste 1.2%, and geothermal, solar, wind, etc. 0.8% (Table 6).
World heat production which was sold to third parties reached 12044 PJ in 2003, an increase of 2.3%
from the level reported in 2002.
OECD Production
Gross electricity production in 2004 in the OECD
(including generation from pumped storage plants)
was 10129 TWh, a rise of 1.9% from the level of
gross production in 2003 (Tables 1 and 2).
Nuclear plants accounted for 22.9% of total gross
electricity production in 2004, hydroelectric plants
13.3%, total combustible fuel1 plants 62.7% (made
1. Combustible fuels refer to fuel that are capable of igniting or
burning, i.e. reacting with oxygen to produce a significant rise in
up of 61.0% from fossil-fuel-fired plants and 1.7%

from combustible renewables and waste plants) and
geothermal, solar and wind plants 1.1% (Table 3).
In 2003, total OECD heat production which was
sold to third parties by main activity producers and
autoproducers was 2396 PJ, an increase of 5.1%
from 2002 (Table 12). Nearly 79% of this heat
(1891 PJ) was produced in CHP plants, 21%
(505 PJ) in heat plants. About 20% of the reported
2003 world heat production was in OECD member
countries.
Non-OECD Production
While there are no complete statistics available on
electricity production in all Non-OECD countries
for 2004, data are available for 2003. Gross electricity production in 2003 in Non-OECD countries was
6804 TWh, an increase of 7.8% from the 2002 level
(Table 2). OECD electricity production in 2003
increased 1.1% from the level reported in 2002.
In 2003, 72.4% of Non-OECD electricity production
was generated from fossil fuels, 20.7% was provided by hydro plants, 6.1% by nuclear plants and
0.8% by combustible renewables and waste and by
geothermal/solar/wind capacity (Table 6).
In 2003 total Non-OECD heat production which was
sold to third parties was around 9647 PJan increase of 1.6% from the 2002 reported level. Over
80% of the heat production reported in 2003 for the
world was in Non-OECD countries.
temperature. Fuels included are: coal and coal products, oil and oil
products, natural gas and combustible renewables and waste including solid biomass and animal products, gas/liquids from biomass,
industrial waste and municipal waste.
I.4 - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART I
1.2 Consumption
OECD Consumption
Based on preliminary data, 2004 apparent consumption of electricity (gross production plus imports
less exports) in the OECD was 10145 TWh. The
corresponding figure for 2003 was 9957 TWh, indicating a rise of 1.9% in apparent electricity consumption in OECD countries in 2004.
In 2003 final consumption, which is equal to production and imports less exports, own use, other use,
transmission losses and energy sector consumption,
was 8473 TWh (Table 2). This represents an increase
of 1.3% in final consumption compared to 2002.
Non-OECD Consumption
In 2003, final consumption in Non-OECD countries
reached 5192 TWh, compared to 4798 TWh in
2002. This represents an increase of 8.2% for NonOECD final consumption in 2003.
1.3 Trade
Often, countries use electricity trade as a balancing
item when reporting electricity flows. This leads to
some distortion of import and export data. In addition,
the transmission and distribution line loss between net
importers and net exporters is difficult to determine.
Both of these factors lead to the differences between
reported net imports for OECD countries and reported
net exports for Non-OECD countries.
OECD Trade
OECD countries imported nearly 372 TWh of electricity in 2003 (including from other OECD
countries) and exported almost 354 TWh (including to other OECD countries). Accordingly, net
imports of electricity in 2003 amounted to
18.4 TWh.
In 2004, preliminary data suggest that OECD countries imported nearly 365 TWh, and exported over
349 TWh, resulting in net imports of 15.9 TWh to
OECD countries.
Non-OECD Trade
In 2003, Non-OECD countries imported nearly
173 TWh and exported almost 195 TWh. The resulting net exports amounted to 22 TWh.
1.4 OECD Prices

Average real electricity price (as measured by the
indices of real energy prices) in the OECD decreased by 1.0% in 2004 from its 2003 levels.
Where prices for industry decreased a modest 0.7%,
prices for households decreased 1.2%.
Electricity prices for industrial consumers vary widely
across OECD countries. Based on data that are available for 2004, prices varied from 4.3 US cents per kWh
in Norway to 10.0 US cents per kWh in Turkey. In
2004, the average industry price for OECD was
5.7 US cents per kWh.
Electricity prices for residential consumers also vary
widely across OECD countries. Based on data that are
available for 2004, prices varied from 6.9 US cents
per kWh in Norway to 28.3 US cents per kWh in
Denmark. In 2004, the average household price for
OECD was 10.2 US cents per kWh.
2. PRODUCTION AND INSTALLED

CAPACITY
2.1 OECD Production and
Installed Capacity
2003. Nuclear, hydroelectric and combustible fuel

capacity increased in these two periods by 10.6%,
4.6% and 2.1% respectively, and 1.3%, 1.0% and
3.1% respectively.
By convention, the reported value for electricity

generation is the amount of gross production less the
amount of electricity generated in pumped storage
plants. On this basis, 2003 OECD electricity generated was 9863 TWh and gross electricity production
was 9938 TWh (Table 10).
The growth of total capacity additions has slowed

since 1990. The level of total capacity increased in
2003 compared to 2002 by 3.6%. This is partly attributable to economic evolution, which has resulted
in growth of less energy intensive service industries.
The OECD-wide pattern of electric power capacity
and production conceals large differences between
countries. These differences reflect different resource endowments and economics of electricity
generation as well as different policy approaches
between countries. Data on the growth and type of
installed capacity in individual OECD countries and
regions are reported in detail in Table 18 in Part II
of this report. The fuel used in individual OECD
countries in the production of electricity is illustrated in the graphs which follow the tables in this
section.
Total available electricity supplied in OECD countries in 2003 was 9396 TWh. In deriving this figure,
total gross electricity production (9938 TWh) is adjusted to take into account electricity used within
power stations for their own use (459 TWh) to determine net production (9480 TWh). Use for heat
pumps (2.2 TWh), electric boilers (2.0 TWh),
pumped storage (97.6 TWh) and exports
(353.5 TWh) is deducted;
supply of imports
(371.9 TWh) is added. Data for OECD for selected
years covering the period 1973 to 2003 are shown in
Table 10 where the statistics of the production of
electricity from pumped storage stations are also
included.
In 2003, the OECD countries reported 2352 GW of
total installed capacity: 1574 GW of plants fired by
fossil and other combustible fuels, 313 GW nuclear
power, 421 GW hydroelectric power (including
pumped storage capacity) and 43 GW of solar, wind,
geothermal and tide/wave/ocean capacity (Table 11).
The data in Table 11 show the growth in total electricity generating capacity that was installed since
1974. Total electricity capacity increased in the
OECD at an average annual rate of 3.4% between
1974 and 1990, and at 2.5% between 1990 and
Main activity producers refers to entities whose primary activity is to generate electricity and/or heat for
supply to third parties. Autoproducers are entities
that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly
for their own use as an activity that supports their
primary activity.
Electricity can be produced in two types of plants;
those that are designed to generate electricity only
and those that generate both electricity and heat simultaneously. The latter plants are combined heat
and power plants (CHP or co-generation plants).
(For statistical purposes, if one or more units of a
plant is a CHP unit, then the whole plant is designated as a CHP plant). Both types of plants can be
operated by main activity producers and autoproducers.

Available data on electricity and heat production by
autoproducers in the OECD is summarised in
Table 12.
Data on electricity and heat production, and installed
capacity of autoproducers in individual OECD countries are summarised in the individual country sections of Part II in Tables 4, 5, 7 and 18. Data on
autoproducers are now available for all OECD countries from 19932 The growth of electricity production and of heat sold to third parties by autoproducers in OECD countries between 1974 and 2003 is
shown in Table 12.
2.1.1 Hydroelectric Power

Hydroelectric plants produced 1344 TWh, or over
13% of total gross production in the OECD in 2004,
the same share as in 2003 (1317 TWh accounting
for 13.3% of total gross production) (Tables 3 and 6). The OECDs hydroelectric development is fairly matured so suitable and environmentally acceptable sites are increasingly difficult to
locate and would yield lower load factors than the
capacity in place. Many of the civil works associated
with existing capacity (waterways, tunnels, conduits) have been developed, maintained or replaced
over the last century. As a result, growth of the
OECDs hydroelectric capacity was below the average since 1990.
In 2003, total3 OECD hydroelectric capacity was
421 GW and accounted for 17.9% of net maximum
installed electric capacity in the OECD.
2.1.2 Nuclear Power

Nuclear power stations in OECD produced
2317 TWh of electricity in 2004 accounting for
22.9% of total gross electricity production, 0.5%
below the 2003 level (2223 TWh accounting for
23.4% of total gross production) (Tables 3 and 6).
OECD nuclear electricity production increased at an
average annual rate of 8.6% between 1973 and 2003
(Table 10). This growth reflected new capacity additions at an annual rate of between 7 and 14 GW per
year in the 1970s, 6 and 25 GW per year in the
2. It should be noted that the breakdown of capacity into single and
multi-fired plants is not available for all countries.
3. Main activity producers and autoproducers reported for IEA countries and Iceland
1980s, 2 and 10 GW per year in the 1990s and 0 and

8 GW between 2000 and 2003. Since the peak in
1985, however, annual additions have declined
sharply and fewer orders have been placed. The
level of nuclear capacity declined in 1998 by 4 GW
for the first time since IEA began collecting data.
Although after 1999 nuclear capacity began increasing again, in 2003 the level of nuclear capacity marginally declined by 1 GW.
Of the 17 OECD countries with nuclear production,
the share of nuclear electricity of total gross production exceeded 40% in five countries in 2004. The
average share for the 17 countries was over 26% with
values as high as 78.3% in France, 56.1% in the Slovak Republic and 56.0% in Belgium (Table 3).
In 2003 total nuclear power capacity in the OECD
was 313 GW and accounted for about 13 % of generating capacity (Table 11).
2.1.3 Geothermal, Solar, Tide, Wave and

Wind Power
In 2004, geothermal power stations produced
34 TWh and other renewable energy sources (solar,
tide, wave, wind) produced 80 TWh of electricity in
OECD countries (Table 3). Production of geothermal electricity has increased 5.7% annually between
1973 and 2003 (Table 10). In 2004, geothermal generation slightly increased by 0.3%. Production of
electricity from wind sources has also expanded significantly since the mid-1980s, increasing from
0.1 TWh in 1985 to 76.0 TWh in 2004. Wind generation increased over 30% in 2004 compared to
2003. Data on electricity production from solar
sources in OECD became available in 1983; in 2004
production was 1.3 TWh which is an increase of
19.1% compared to 2003. Production from tide and
wave power has slightly increased to 0.6 TWh since
the early 1970s. Production from other sources was
2.1 TWh in 2004, an increase of about 9% with respect to 2003.
OECD countries reported about 43 GW of geothermal and other non-combustible renewable energy
sources (solar, wave, tide, wind and other sources)
electricity capacity in 2003. There was an increase
of 21.1% in this type of capacity in 2003 compared
to 2002. Wind generation capacity experienced the
strongest growth adding 7.1 GW to capacity in 2003,
an increase of almost 25% compared to 2002. The historical data on capacities are presented in Table 18 in
Part II for individual countries where available.
IEA Definitions for Electricity and Heat

Data reported to the IEA in annual questionnaires provide information on the fuel requirements for,
and the production of electricity and heat according to producer and generating plant types.
Types of Producer :
Producers are classified according to the purpose of production :
Main activity producers generate electricity and/or heat for sale to third parties, as their
primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Note that the sale need not take
place through the public grid.
Autoproducers generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an
activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned.
Types of Plant :
Data on fuel use and electricity/heat generation statistics are separated according to the type of
plant (i.e. electricity (only), heat (only) or combined electricity and heat) are normally collected at
the plant level, i.e. generating stations comprising one or more generating sets or units.
Electricity Only refers to a plant which is designed to produce electricity only. If one or
more units of the plant is a CHP unit (see below) then the whole plant is designated as a
CHP plant.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) refers to a plant which is designed to produce both heat
and electricity. It is sometimes referred to as co-generation power stations. If possible, fuel
inputs and electricity/heat outputs should be reported on a unit basis rather than on a plant
basis. However, if data are not available on a unit basis, the convention for defining a CHP
plant noted above should be adopted
Heat Only refers to a plant which is designed to produce heat only. Heat delivered from
CHP or Heat Only plants may be used for process or space heating purposes in any sector
of economic activity including the Residential Sector.
It should be noted that:
Electricity production reported for Autoproducer Electricity or Autoproducer CHP is the
total quantity of electricity generated.
All heat production from Main Activity Producer CHP, Main Activity Producer Heat plants
and Heat from Chemical Processes (as a primary energy form) should be reported. However, other heat production reported for Autoproducer CHP and Autoproducer Heat plants
should comprises only the heat sold to third parties. Heat consumed by autoproducers
should not be included.
Measuring the generating capacity of renewablepowered plants can be relatively simple, as in the
case of geothermal plants, or difficult in the case of
photovoltaic, wind and wave plants. In the latter
cases, units tend to be quite small - ranging from a
few kilowatts to at most 4 MW - and they are often
installed by non-utility (end-user or independent)
generators. Data on output are less readily available
than those on capacity.
The prospects for power generation from more intermittent renewable sources, especially wind, have
improved as costs have declined and technology
improved. The contribution from such sources will
depend on their degree of dispersion geographically,
the mix of energy sources and the generation flexibility of the rest of the system. Electric utilities have
indicated that up to 10 to 15% of electricity generation from dispersed, intermittent sources could be
managed easily, but generation beyond that share
could affect system reliability.
2.1.4
Combustible Fuels
In 2004, electricity production from power plants

that use combustible fuels (including fossil fuels and
combustible renewables and wastes in both electricity and CHP plants) was 6354 TWh and accounted
for 62.7% of total gross electricity produced in
OECD countries (Table 3). The contribution of individual fossil and combustible renewables and
wastes to gross electricity production is detailed in
Table 4 for 2004 and Table 7 for 2003. In 1973,
combustible fuel power plants produced 3346 TWh
and accounted for 74.9% of total gross electricity
produced. In the period 1973 to 1990, electricity
production from combustible fuels increased more
slowly than total gross production; 1.9% compared
to 3.2%. However, in the period 1990 to 2003 electricity production from combustible fuels increased
at a 2.4% annual rate, slightly faster than the 2.1%
rate for total electricity production (Table 10). Electricity production from combustible fuels began
growing faster as nuclear capacity additions began
to slow after 1985.
The growth in total installed capacity using combustible fuels is shown in Table 11. In the period 1974
to 1990 capacity increased at an average annual rate
of 2.1%, and between 1990 and 2003 increased at an
annual average rate of 3.1%. Data reported to the
OECD from member countries on the distribution of
installed capacity between single fuel-fired and

multi fuel-fired plants, in plants using combustible
fuels are also shown in Table 11. Data for individual
OECD countries for 2003 are reported in
Table 18 in Part II. However, as data are not reported for all OECD countries from 1982, total
OECD capacity separated as single and multi-fired
plants is unavailable.
Although the share of electricity produced from
combustible fuels to total electricity production has
remained fairly stable since 1960, the pattern of fuel
used in electricity generation has varied greatly in
the last 30 years in electricity and CHP plants
(Tables 13 and 14).
Comprehensive 2004 data for all OECD countries
on combustible fuels used for electricity generation
are unavailable at the time of going to press. For this
reason the following discussion of electricity production in coal, oil and gas-fired plants refers to
2003, the latest available year for disaggregated
data. These data are presented in Table 13 for plants
that produce electricity only, in Table 14 for CHP
plants and in Table 15 for heat plants.
Electricity capacity of main activity producer and
autoproducer plants for historical years and 2003 for
combustible fuel-fired plants are shown in Table 16
where available.
Coal
Hard coal is the leading source of electric power
generation in the OECD. In 2003, hard coal-fired
electricity and CHP stations produced in total
3170 TWh of electricity, contributing 50.3% of
combustible fuel-fired or 31.9% of total gross
OECD electricity production (Table 7). Electricity
production from all coal sources, including peat and
coal derived gases, reached 3843 TWh in 2003, representing about 39% of total gross OECD electricity
production. IEA coal-fired capacity in 2003 was 531
GW or 23.5% of total IEA capacity (Table 16). The
capacity data should be viewed with caution since a
large group of the IEA countries (Canada, Czech
Republic, France, Germany, Japan, Norway, Spain,
The Netherlands and Sweden) did not submit the
breakdown of combustible fuels by fuel type.
Oil
In 2003 liquid fuel-fired (including refinery gas)
electricity and CHP plants produced 561 TWh of
electricity, contributing 8.9% of combustible fuelfired or 5.6% of total gross electricity production in
the OECD (Table 7). Oil-fired capacity in 2003 was
137.7 GW or 6.1% of total IEA capacity (Table 16).
The capacity data should be viewed with caution
since a large group of the IEA countries (Canada,
Czech Republic, France, Germany, Japan, Norway,
Spain, The Netherlands and Sweden) did not submit
the breakdown of combustible fuels by fuel type.
Gas
In 2003 gas-fired (including gas works gas) electricity and CHP plants produced 1728 TWh of electricity, contributing 27.4% of combustible fuel-fired or
17.4% of total gross electricity production in the
OECD (Table 7). Gas-fired capacity in 2003 was
615 GW or 27.1% of total IEA capacity (Table 16).
The capacity data should be viewed with caution
since a large group of the IEA countries (Canada,
Czech Republic, France, Germany, Japan, Norway,
Spain, The Netherlands and Sweden) did not submit
the breakdown of combustible fuels by fuel type.
Combustible Renewables and Waste

This category of fuels, referred to as Combustible
Renewables and Waste, comprises the non-fossil
fuels that can be combusted (i.e. combined with
oxygen) to produce heat, which can be used directly
or converted to steam for electricity generation. The
category has been divided into four sub-categories:
solid biomass and animal products, industrial waste,
municipal waste, and gases derived from biomass
and wastes. The individual fuels that fall into these
sub-categories are listed in the section Principles
and Definitions at the beginning of Part II.
In recent years, the available data on the use of these
fuels for electricity generation has increased, particularly in the European Union as a result of the
Renewable Energy Statistics (RES) project managed
by Eurostat. The rapid development of statistics
in this area causes some data revisions from one
year to the next and this results in major breaks in
series between years as new data series begin to be
collected and reported to the IEA. Analysis of trends
in the use of these fuels must take into account these
statistical difficulties.
In 2003, Combustible Renewables and Waste were
used to produce over 169 TWh of electricity or
about 2.7% of OECD production using combustible
fuels. This amounted to 1.7% of OECD gross elec-
tricity production (Table 6). Electricity production

from Combustible Renewables and Waste has increased most rapidly since 1992, when efforts to
reduce CO2 emissions from fossil fuels were formalised. Data on generating capacity from Combustible
Renewables and Waste for IEA countries are reported in Table 16. Capacity in 2003 was about
22 GW, representing about 1% of total IEA
capacity. The capacity data should be viewed with
caution since a large group of the IEA countries
(Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Japan,
Norway, Spain, The Netherlands and Sweden) did
not submit the breakdown of combustible fuels by
fuel type.
2.1.5
Heat Production Sold to Third Parties
In OECD countries (as in other market economies)

data collected on heat production are generally confined to main activity producer undertakings, i.e.
undertakings whose primary activity is to generate
energy for public consumption. Data on heat produced by autoproducers relate only to the quantity of
heat produced for sale to third parties. The quantity
of heat produced and consumed by autoproducers
for their own use is not generally measured, although the fuel used to produce the heat is generally
measured and available. Austria, Denmark, Finland,
Iceland, Ireland Japan, Norway, Slovak Republic
and Sweden report some small quantities of heat
produced from heat pumps and electric boilers. Austria, Finland, Iceland, Japan, Norway, Slovak Republic and Sweden report heat produced by electric
boilers and Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Norway and
Sweden report heat produced by heat pumps.
The term district heat refers to a particular end-use
market for heat. Heat produced and distributed for
district heating and other purposes can be produced
in CHP plants or in plants designed to only produce
heat (called here Heat Plants).
In 2003 total OECD heat production that is sold to
third parties by main activity producers and autoproducers was 2396 PJ (Table 12). Almost 79% of this
heat (1891 PJ) was produced in CHP plants and
over 21% (505 PJ) in heat plants.
In recent years increasing concern about environmental effects of energy use has led to policies encouraging the development and use of new technologies that increase the efficiency of electricity
and heat production. Reflecting such policies and
other economic and social factors, large scale main
activity producer CHP systems have been built in
some member countries. In many cases the heat produced in these CHP plants is sold for district heating. Previously CHP systems tended to be confined
to small scale applications in industry. An unpublished IEA study on Combined Heat and Power
(CHP), based on a survey of member country policies toward CHP, indicates that many member countries are anticipating significant increases in the
penetration of CHP and hence in heat production
and distribution, through to the end of the decade.
2.1.6 Direct Use of Heat

The direct use refers to the use of an energy carrier
in its primary form at the point of production; this is
separate and additional from heat sold to third parties which is generally transported via a heating
network. Heat is used directly in final consumption
sectors (residential, industry, commercial and public
service etc.). It should be noted that the data on direct use of heat are included in total final consumption in Table 20 but are not included in heat production sold to third parties in Table 6 and Table 5 in
Part II.
At the present time data on direct use of heat are
reported by 27 countries. These data are summarised
in the following table:
2003 Direct Use of Solar/Geothermal Heat in OECD
in TJ
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total
Geothermal
0
358
48
0
0
5 400
5 100
48
3 308
26 255
2
9 091
9 544
16
0
0
0
19 480
311
42
53
321
0
4 978
32 818
33
39 988
157 194
Solar
3 738
3 297
104
337
10
801
8 872
4 388
76
0
9
450
26 602
1 378
4
2 763
674
0
0
850
0
1 876
199
943
14 651
829
53 993 e
126 844
Total
3 738
3 655
152
337
10
6 201
13 972
4 436
3 384
26 255
11
9 541
36 146
1 394
4
2 763
674
19 480
311
892
53
2 197
199
5 921
47 469
862
93 981 e
284 038
Direct use of solar/geothermal heat was nearly

284 PJ in 2003, an increase of 6.7% from the level
of 266 PJ reported in 2002. Almost 55% of the direct heat was produced by geothermal sources and
over 45% by solar sources.
2.2 Non-OECD Production

Gross electricity production in 2003 in Non-OECD
countries (including generation from pumped storage plants) was 6804 TWh, an increase of 7.8%
from the level reported in 2002 (Table 2). Gross
production by Non-OECD countries has increased in
the last 30 years at an average annual rate of 4.8%.
Non-OECD countries share of world electricity
production has increased from 27.1% in 1973 to
nearly 40.6% in 2003.
Combustible fuels supplied the largest share of NonOECD electricity in 2003 with 72.9% of the total
(consisting of 72.4% of fossil fuel generation and
0.5% of combustible renewables and waste generation). Hydro provided 20.7% of production, nuclear
plants provided 6.1% of production and geothermal,
solar, wind, etc. provided the remainder.
2.2.1 Hydroelectric Power

Hydroelectric plants produced 1408 TWh or 20.7%
of total gross production reported for Non-OECD
countries in 2003 (Table 6). This represents a 2.6%
increase over the 1373 TWh reported for 2002. Hydro production reported by Non-OECD countries has
increased at an annual average rate of 4.6% since 1973.
2.2.2 Nuclear Power

Nuclear power plants produced 412 TWh or 6.1% of
total gross production reported for Non-OECD
countries for 2003 (Table 6). Nuclear generation
rose by 7.1% compared to 2002. The level of nuclear generation in Non-OECD countries expanded
very rapidly through 1991, then slowed noticeably in
the mid-1990s and increased again in the late 1990s.
Strong growth was achieved in 2003. The share of
nuclear contributing to electricity production has
remained about 6.0% since 1994.
2.2.3 Geothermal, Solar, Tide, Wave and

Wind Power
Excluding hydro, non-combustible renewable energy represents only a fraction of total electricity
production in Non-OECD countries. In 2003, about

26 TWh, or 0.4% of total reported electricity production was provided by geothermal, solar, tide,
wave and wind power facilities (Table 6). This is
comparable to the 1.0% contributed by noncombustible renewables to OECD electricity production. However, at 96 TWh, OECD production
from these sources is almost four times higher in
absolute value.
Production from geothermal sources increased by
1.0% in 2003 and the contribution from wind
sources increased by 30.4% compared to 2002.
Oil
In 2003, liquid fuel-fired (including refinery gas)
electricity plants produced 590 TWh of electricity,
which was 11.9% of generation from combustible
fuels and 8.7% of total gross generation (Table 7).
Electricity from oil has become less important in
Non-OECD countries over time, even though it has
remained in the 600 TWh range for the past ten
years. In 1973, oil provided 23.2% of gross electricity supply, but its share has declined gradually since
then.
Gas
2.2.4
Combustible Fuels
In 2003, electricity production from power plants

that use combustible fuels (including fossil fuels and
combustible renewables and waste) was 4957 TWh.
Combustible fuels comprised, by far, the largest
component of Non-OECD countries gross electricity production. The proportion supplied by these
sources in 2003 was 72.9% of total production
(Table 6). Generation from these sources has increased at an average annual rate of 4.6% since
1973 - slightly less than the 4.8% average growth
rate for electricity production over that time frame.
Under these circumstances, combustible fuels will
remain a very important component of Non-OECD
electricity production.
Coal
As with the OECD countries, hard coal is the leading source of electricity production in Non-OECD
countries. In 2003, hard coal-fired power plants provided 2623 TWh of gross electricity production, or
38.5% of total production (Table 7). Hard coal generation increased by strong 12.3% from its 2002
level. Hard coal generation in Non-OECD countries
has increased at an average annual rate of 5.0%
since 1973 keeping the pace with the rate of total
generation growth.
Electricity production from all coal sources, including brown coal, peat and coal gases, was 2834 TWh
in 2003, and comprised 41.6% of total gross electricity production.
Other non-fossil solid fuels provided 31.2 TWh of
electricity production in 2003. Production from
these sources comprises 0.5% of total supply, and
they increased by 18.6% from 2002 level.
In 2003 gas-fired (including gas works gas) electricity plants produced 1497 TWh of electricity, which
represented 30.2% of combustible fuels and 22.0%
of total gross electricity production (Table 7). Generation with gas increased 8.7% in 2003 from its
2002 level. The proportion of electricity produced
with gas has remained fairly constant in the 20% to
22% range for the last ten years, indicating that gas
generation is growing at about the same rate as total
generation.
2.2.5
Heat Production Sold to Third Parties
In 2003 total Non-OECD heat production that is

sold to third parties by main activity producers and
autoproducers was 9647 PJ, an increase of 1.6%
from 2002 level. About 99.7% of this heat was produced by burning combustible fuels (Table 8). The
remainder, 0.3%, was provided by nuclear, heat
pumps, electric boilers, solar and other resources.
Please note that Table 8 does not show a complete
breakdown of the heat production by fuel due to a
lack of information for several non-OECD countries,
mainly in Europe.
By far the largest component of heat is produced
from natural gas. In 2003, 5202 PJ, or 53.9% of total
heat sold came from natural gas. Reported heat production with natural gas increased by 2.9% in 2003
from 2002 level.
The second largest component of heat sold to third
parties is produced from coal. Heat produced from
hard coal reached 2715 PJ, brown coal heat production reached 659 PJ, production from peat was 9 PJ
and production from coal gases was 145 PJ. Combined, these solid fossil fuels provided 36.6% of
heat production in 2003. Heat production from hard

coal has increased in the late 1990s, however heat
production from brown coal and peat has declined
sharply.
Heat production from oil reached 764 PJ in 2003,
which was 7.9% of total heat production. This represented a decrease of 2.6% from its 2002 level.
The remaining significant source of combustible

fuel used to produce heat for sale to third parties is
non-fossil fuels like biomass, industrial and municipal wastes and other solid animal products and biogases. Heat produced from these sources was nearly
129 PJ in 2003, a decrease of 6.2% from the 2002
level. Combustible renewables and waste provided
1.3% of total heat production in 2003.
3. OECD CONSUMPTION
3.1 Electricity Consumption
Based on preliminary data, apparent consumption of
electricity (gross production plus imports less exports) in OECD in 2004 was 10145 TWh (Table 1),
an increase of 1.9% in apparent electricity consumption from the 2003 level (9957 TWh). Detailed information on observed electricity consumption for
the OECD in 2004 is unavailable at the time of
going to print.
OECD electricity consumption for 2003, and for
selected earlier years, is shown in Tables 10 and 17.
Electricity final consumption refers to electricity
production plus imports less exports less electricity
used at power stations (own use) less electricity used
for pumped storage, heat pumps and electric boilers,
less transmission and distribution losses, less energy
sector consumption. Accordingly, final electricity
consumption is significantly lower than apparent
consumption data reported above.
Electricity consumption in the OECD has grown
from 3886 TWh in 1973 to 8726 TWh in 2003
(Table 18). Between 1973 and 2003 electricity consumption increased at an average annual rate of
2.7% per year.
The rate of growth in electricity consumption varies
widely among OECD countries. Between 1960 and
1973 the annual average rate of growth of electricity
consumption exceeded 10% in Denmark, Greece,
Iceland, Japan, Spain and Turkey. Since 1973 the
growth in electricity consumption has slowed considerably with only Korea experiencing a growth
rate above 10% and only Mexico, Portugal and Turkey experiencing growth rates above 5% per year
(Table 17).
3.2 Sectoral Consumption of

Electricity
Much of the growth in electricity consumption in the
OECD since 1973 has taken place in the residential
and commercial / public service sectors. The share
of total consumption of the residential and commercial/public service sectors combined increased from
46.5% in 1973 to 58.0% in 2003 (Table 18).
Although the amount of electricity consumed in the
industry sector has increased from 1836 TWh in
1973 to 3215 TWh in 2003 (Table 18), its share of
total electricity consumption in the OECD has fallen
from 47.2% in 1973 to 36.8% in 2003. The transport
(rail) and agriculture (mainly irrigation pumps) sectors are relatively small consumers of electricity.
Although industry is the most significant end-use
sector for electricity consumption, growth rates over
30 years have been the lowest of the major sectors.
This is the result of low rates of economic growth,
structural change and improvements in efficiency in
energy intensive manufacturing and processing industries. In the OECD, between 2002 and 2003,
electricity consumption in the industry sector
increased by modest 0.4%. In 2003, a decline of
over 4% was observed for mining and quarrying
sector. Electricity consumption also declined moderately in the chemical and petrochemical industry and
in non-metallic minerals and wood and wood products sectors. Electricity consumption increased or
remained at the same level in all other industry sectors during the same time period (Table 19).
These data for the OECD as a whole conceal important regional differences that are shown in Table 13
for separate OECD regions in Part II of this report.
3.3 Heat Consumption
waste 3.2% (118 Mtoe), and geothermal and solar

0.2% (6.6 Mtoe).
Heat consumption in the OECD was 2061 PJ in

2003, which was a 5.4% increase from 1956 PJ in
2002 (Table 20). About 79% of the OECDs heat
consumption occurs in Europe, mainly in Germany,
Poland and the Scandinavian countries which account for 84% of the OECDs reported heat consumption in 1980 and 54% in 2003. Heat consumption has declined in Poland, Canada, Hungary and
Germany as older heat plants have been closed and
replaced with decentralised heat in some areas.
Growth has been particularly strong in the United
Kingdom, Portugal, Austria, Iceland, Denmark and
Japan. Poland, Hungary, France and Germany have
all experienced declining reported heat consumption
in the 1990s. In the UK, there was no heat consumption reported between 1991 and 1998. A break in
series related to US autoproducers, which are included from 1991, also distorts OECD heat consumption totals.
Electricity plays an important part in the industry,

residential and commercial/public service sectors.
These three sectors account for almost 95% of electricity consumption (Table 18). In the transport sector over 97% of final energy is consumed in the
form of oil and petroleum products, however, electricity competes with petroleum products in transport in the rail sector and to support the operations
of both submarine and overland pipelines. Similarly
in agriculture, about 77% of final energy is consumed in the form of oil and petroleum products;
however electricity holds an 11% share of final consumption, which is higher than the share held by
natural gas (7.2%).
These data do not refer to the consumption of heat

produced in industrial undertakings or service industries for their own use. In this section heat consumption refers to heat sold to third parties by both main
activity producers and autoproducers.
In 2003, about 46% of third party heat consumed in
OECD countries was used in the residential sector
(Table 21), about 35% in the industrial and 16% in
the commercial/public services sector. The remaining 3% of heat consumed in 2003 was used in other
sectors of the economy.
3.4 Market Shares

Although electricity has certain unique uses it also
competes with other fuels in many end-use markets
throughout the economies of OECD countries. The
pattern of use is shown in Table 22 in which the
share of electricity, heat and other fuels, in total final
energy consumption in 2003 in the OECD region as
a whole is reported for the major economic sectors.
In 2003, 19.4% (729 Mtoe) of total final consumption
of energy in the OECD countries was met by electricity and about 1.3% (49 Mtoe) by heat. Crude oil and
petroleum products held a 52.7% share of final consumption (1977 Mtoe), natural gas 19.9% (747 Mtoe),
coal 3.4% (127 Mtoe), combustible renewables and
Although 36.8% of electricity consumed in 2003

was in the industry sector (Table 18), electricity held
only 24.8% of final energy consumption in this sector (Table 22). Electricitys main competitors in the
industry sector are petroleum products and natural
gas, with 31.1% and 27.3% shares respectively, and
coal and other combustible renewables combined
which held a share of 15.3%.
In the commercial/public service sector (which accounts for 27.5% of electricity consumption in
2003) (Table 18), electricity use dominates other
fuel use. Electricitys share in 2003 was 47.5% of
the total final energy consumption in this sector
compared to gas share of 29.5% and petroleum
products 19.5% share (Table 22). Heat contributed
about 1.8% of final energy in the sector in 2003 in
the OECD as a whole.
In the residential sector in OECD countries, the
shares of fuel and electricity use are divided quite
differently. In 2003 natural gas dominated demand
in this sector with a 38.7% market share. Electricity
held a 31.5% share and petroleum products held a
17.6% share. Coal and combustible renewables and
waste held about an 8.4% share of this sectors energy consumption. This is in sharp contrast to the
1.6% share held by combustible solid fuels in the
commercial sector.
Heats share of total final consumption in OECD
countries, amounting to about 49.2 Mtoe, was 1.3%
in 2003 (Table 22).
The trends in growth of final energy consumption in
end-use markets in the OECD between 1960 and
1973, and between 1973 and 2003 are shown in Tables 23 and 24. Between 1960 and 1973 electricity
consumption in end-use markets grew at an average
annual rate of 7.8% (Table 23). The rate of growth
declined significantly between 1973 and 2003 to 2.6%
(Table 24). Over both periods electricity consumption
growth significantly, exceeded the growth in total
final energy consumption, thereby increasing the
share of electricity in total final energy consumption.
In the industry sector over the period 1960 to 1973,
the increased use of petroleum products, natural gas
and electricity displaced coal and to a lesser extent
combustible renewables and waste. Over this period,
total final consumption in this sector increased by an
average annual rate of about 5.0% (Table 23). However, despite total final consumption in the industry
sector decreasing at an average annual rate of about
0.1% from 1973 to 2003, electricity consumption
continued to grow, averaging an annual rate of
growth of about 1.7% between 1973 and 2003, compared to about 6.6% in the period 1960 to 1973.
Since 1960 the fastest growing market for electricity

has been the commercial/public service sector. Final
energy consumption of electricity in this sector increased at an average annual rate of 10.0% between
1960 and 1973, and at 3.9% between 1973 and
2003. This compares to annual average growth rates
for petroleum products in final consumption of 10.6%
and a decline over the period 1973 to 2003 of 1.8%;
for natural gas, the annual average growth rate in this
sector was of 7.6% between 1960 and 1973 and of
1.8% between 1973 and 2003.
Electricity has also substantially increased its market
share of the residential sector. Averaged over the
period since 1960, electricity consumption in this
sector has grown at almost twice the annual average
rate of consumption of natural gas. Between 1960
and 1973 electricity and petroleum products replaced coal in end-use, and between 1973 and 2003
heat, combustible renewable fuels, natural gas and
electricity replaced both coal and petroleum products in the residential sector.
4. ELECTRICITY TRADE
Transfers of electricity between utilities in
neighbouring regions have been common for many
years. Exchanges based on differences in natural
production costs between regions are economically
efficient, and fluctuations in load can be balanced by
exchanges with neighbouring utilities with different
load profiles. Such exchanges reduce the overall
reserve margins needed by diversifying the potential
sources of supply. Surplus capacity in a neighbouring region can result not only from simple differences in load timing but also from differences in
climate, economic structure, or the timing of forced
and scheduled unit outages. Trade also plays an important role in the electricity sectors fuel mix.
4.1 OECD Electricity Trade

OECD countries imported 365 TWh of electricity in
2004 (including from other OECD countries) and
exported 349 TWh (including to other OECD countries). Accordingly, net imports of electricity in 2004
amounted nearly to 16 TWh (Table 1).
OECD imports of electricity grew from about
87.7 TWh in 1973 to 365.0 TWh in 2004 (Table 25).
OECD exports of electricity grew from about
81.4 TWh in 1973 to 349.1 TWh in 2004 (Table 26). Total imports increased at average annual
rate of 4.7% between 1973 and 2004. Exports grew
at average annual rate of growth of 4.8% over the
same period.
Substantial trade in electricity occurs in OECD
Europe - principally between OECD countries, and
in North America. In OECD Europe, electricity imports grew at an average annual rate of about 7.0%
between 1973 and 1990, but slowed to a rate of
nearly 3.1% annually after 1990. (Table 27). In
OECD North America, total imports increased by 4.5%
annually between 1973 and 1990, and the growth

rate decreased to 2.3% between 1990 and 2003.
4.2 Non-OECD Electricity

Trade
When considered as a single entity, Non-OECD
countries were net exporters of electricity. In 2003,
these countries reported electricity imports of
172.9 TWh and electricity exports of 194.9 TWh,
resulting in net exports of 22.0 TWh.
In Europe, there is a substantial electricity trade between Russia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Estonia and other
countries of the former Soviet Union. These countries export significant quantities of electricity to net
importing countries such as Belarus, Moldova, Latvia and Georgia; as well as to countries in central
and western Europe. Further, Non-OECD Europe
became a net exporter to western Europe for the first
time in 1997, and maintained that role through 1999.
However, in 2000, Non-OECD Europe was a net
importer of electricity. In 2001 Non-OECD Europe
become a net exporter again but net exports continued a pattern of decline which began in 1999.
In South America, electricity produced by large hydro projects in Paraguay is exported to Brazil and
Argentina. In 2003, net exports by Paraguay were
45.2 TWh, an increase of 8.1% over the 2002 level
(41.8 TWh).
In Africa, there is a significant trade in the southern
portion of the continent. There, South Africa and
Zambia export a significant amount of power to
Zimbabwe. Mozambique, which has been a net electricity importer, became a net exporter in 1998 as a
new hydro project was placed into service. However
in 2003, net exports from Mozambique and Zambia
were 5.9 TWh, a decrease of almost 26% from the

2002 level (7.9 TWh).
China exports electricity from nuclear and hydro
plants in the south to Hong Kong. In 2003, China
had net exports of 7.4 TWh.
In Asia, electricity produced by hydro projects in

Bhutan is exported to India. In 2003, exports from
other Asia, which includes Bhutan to mainly India, were over 2.2 TWh, an increase of 3.3% on the
2002 level.
5. OECD PRICES
Real electricity prices in the OECD as a whole, as
measured by the OECD index of energy prices for
end-users4 (Table 28 and Figure 1), rose strongly in
the late 1970s and early 1980s, levelled off between
1982 and 1985; and declined steadily until 1989.
Between 1989 and 1999, average real prices in the
OECD as a whole declined at an average rate of
1.7% per annum, but increased by 3.7%, for the first
time in over a decade, in 2001. Between 2001 and
2004, the price index has remained relatively flat,
(apart from a rise of 2.4% in 2003 from the 2002
level), suggesting almost no change in average real
electricity price. Specific producer and consumer
price indices are based on 2000=100.
In 2004 OECD average real electricity price decreased for industry by 0.7% and for households by
1.1% which results in the overall price decreasing by
1.0%
The pattern of relative price trends in the OECD as a
whole since 1985 masks different trends in the different OECD regions. In the United States (Table 29), electricity prices declined from 1985 in line
with a decline of real coal and gas prices. Oil prices
also dropped sharply from 1985, but moved in a
more volatile pattern than coal and gas prices. Electricity prices reached a low point in 1999, and began
moving upward until 2001, decreasing of 2.4% in
2002. Electricity price has remained virtually flat in
2003 and 2004. In 2004, real electricity price for
industry declined 0.9%, and real electricity price for
4. Real price indices are the current price indices divided by the
country specific producer price index for industrial prices, and by
the consumer price index for the household sector. See Principles
and Definitions at the beginning of Part II for further details on
methods used
households decreased 0.1%, yielding an overall average decline of 0.4% for all sectors. Electricity
prices have remained flat in the United States in recent past years despite a strong upward movement of
gas prices since 1999.
In contrast to the fall in electricity price in the
United States, which tracked price declines of input
fuels, electricity prices in Europe (Table 30 and Figure 3) did not track the fall in oil, natural gas and
coal prices that occurred after 1986; but remained on
an upward trend through 1992. Electricity prices in
Europe began a downward slide after 1993 which
continued through 2000. Since 2000, average real
electricity price has resumed a moderate upward
course. In 2004, real electricity price for industry
remained at the same level as 2003, and for households decreased by 2.1%; yielding an average total
rate decrease of 1.3% for all sectors.
In Japan (Table 31 and Figure 2) electricity prices
declined steadily from 1985 through the early 2000s,
except in 1992, 1993 and 1998, when the Japanese
average real electricity prices increased by 0.5%.
Although the rate of decrease has been as modest, it
has also been persistent. In 2001 electricity prices
increased by 1% and started to decline again from
2002 to 2004. In 2004, real electricity price for industry decreased by 1.7% and for households by
0.5%, yielding an average total rate decrease of
1.1% for all sectors.
5.1 Electricity Prices for

Industry
In 2003, average electricity prices in US dollars for
industrial consumers (in countries for which data are
available) increased in OECD Europe and in total

OECD (Table 32). The increase for the OECD
Europe was 23.7% and for the OECD total was
15.0%. Changes in prices measured in local currencies may be quite different since the direct effect of
exchange rate changes with the US dollar is not incorporated.
Data on prices in local currencies are published
quarterly in Energy Prices & Taxes and are shown
in Part II of this book for individual countries. At the
time of going to press data were not yet available for
some countries; hence reported average price data
for 2004, for OECD and OECD Europe as a region,
can not be calculated.
Electricity prices for industrial consumers vary
widely across OECD countries. Based on data that
are available for 2004, prices varied from a low of
4.3 US cents per kWh in Norway to a high of
10.0 US cents per kWh in Turkey. Electricity prices
for industry are also reported in Table 33 in terms of
US dollars per tonne of oil equivalent to allow for
comparison with other fuels.
5.2 Electricity Prices for

Households
In 2003, electricity prices in US dollars for household consumers (in countries for which data are
available), increased for OECD Europe by 21.9%
and for the whole OECD by 11.0% (Table 34).
Complete data for 2004 for OECD as a whole are
not yet available, but in countries where data are
available, the price increased in nineteen countries
and fell in one country.
Electricity prices for household consumers also vary
widely across OECD countries. Based on data that
are available for 2004, prices varied from
6.9 US cents per kWh in Norway to 28.3 US cents
per kWh in Denmark. Electricity prices for households are also reported in Table 35 in terms of tonnes of oil equivalent to allow for comparison between fuels.
5.3 Prices of Competing

Fuels
Heavy fuel oil, steam coal and natural gas are the
main fuels used in the production of electricity in
power plants that use combustible fuels. Prices paid
for these fuels in OECD Member countries since
1978 are shown in Tables 38 to 43.
In 2004, prices for heavy fuel oil varied (for those
countries for which data are available) between
US$167 per tonne in Czech Republic to US$346 per
tonne in Turkey. In 2003, heavy fuel oil prices increased in all the twelve countries that reported data.
Also in 2004, prices rose in every country. In 2003,
the last year for which complete data are available,
average heavy fuel oil price for the OECD increased
21.4% from US$162 per tonne to US$197 per tonne.
Steam coal prices for electricity generation varied
from US$25.90 per tonne in Turkey to US$72.46
per tonne in Belgium in 2004. The variations in
prices reflect, in part, the degree to which domestic
supply costs differ from international market prices
and the relative importance of domestic supply
sources as well as transport costs from supply
sources to end use markets. Steam coal prices increased in every country reporting data for 2004. In
2003, the last year for which complete data are
available, average steam coal price for the OECD
increased 1.8% from US$30.68 per tonne to
US$31.23 per tonne.
Natural gas prices (reported in gross calorific value)
also varied between OECD countries; ranging from
US$145.56 per 107 kcal in Finland to US$251.36 per
107 kcal in Hungary in 2004. Prices increased in every
country for which data were reported in 2004. In 2003,
the last year for which complete data are available, average natural gas price for the OECD increased 45.2%
from US$138.75 per 107 kcal to US$201.47 per 107 kcal.
In addition to reporting data in nominal US dollars
per physical unit, data are shown in nominal US
dollars per tonne of oil equivalent (toe) expressed on
a net calorific value basis. This allows price comparisons to be made between fuels on an equivalent
energy content basis.
6. TRENDS IN THE OECD ELECTRICITY

SECTOR
6.1 Energy and Electricity
Intensity
Table 1 in Section II, OECD Total: Energy Consumption, GDP and Population provides data on
relative changes in total primary energy supply
(TPES), gross domestic product (GDP), population
and electricity final consumption (TFC). The ratio of
TPES to GDP shows the amount of energy input
required per unit of national output. The data in the
table indicate that TPES per unit of GDP
(TPES/GDP), often used as a broad indicator of energy efficiency, has declined at an average annual
rate of 1.4% since the first oil price shock in 1973.
The aggregate table for the OECD as a whole masks
significant regional differences, which are further
elucidated in subsequent aggregate tables on each
OECD region.
For example, in the OECD Pacific region, the
TPES/GDP ratio in 1973, at only 53% of the average for the OECD as a whole, was the lowest OECD
region. The low ratio reflects the relative high price
of domestic and imported energy in Japan and Korea
in 1973, which encouraged efficiency. However, as
time has passed, the ratio has declined in the Pacific
region much more slowly than for the OECD as a
whole. Several factors, including the high level of
efficiency at the beginning, and the rapid economic
development in Korea have affected this pattern. By
2004, the ratio remains the lowest in the OECD, but
is now 72% of the average for the OECD as a
whole.
In OECD North America, which is heavily influenced by energy consumption patterns in the United
States, the TPES/GDP ratio in 1973 was, by far, the

highest in the OECD - some 129% of the average
for the OECD as a whole. This reflects the relatively
low price of domestic and imported energy in the
US which discouraged investment in energy efficient technology, and other factors like geographic
size (which encourages more auto usage), reliance
on personal automobiles rather than mass transit etc.
However, since OECD North America started with
such a high ratio in 1973, it has experienced the
most rapid rate of decline (1.8% per annum), and
now stands at 114% of the average for the OECD as
a whole. Nevertheless, it retains the highest ratio of
any OECD region.
The OECD Europe region falls in between the
Pacific and North American regions. In 1973, the
TPES/GDP ratio in the region was 94% of the average for the OECD as a whole. Between 1973 and
2004, the ratio declined at an average rate of 1.2%
per annum. Thus, it declined more rapidly than the
average ratio in the OECD Pacific region, but less
rapidly than the ratio of the OECD North America
region. By 2004, the regions ratio stood at 101% of
the average for the OECD as a wholeonly slightly
higher than it stood in 1973.
While the broad measure of efficiency, TPES/GDP,
suggests that all OECD regions are getting more
energy efficient, albeit at differing rates, another
measure shows a different trend. One measure of
electricity intensity is the ratio of final consumption
of electricity to gross domestic product (Electricity
TFC/GDP). The indexed electricity intensity ratio
for OECD as a whole has increased at an average
annual rate of 0.1% from 1973 to 2003. Essentially,
as energy efficiency has improved for member countries as a whole, they are becoming more electricity
intensive. However, the patterns within each region
vary considerably.
In the OECD Pacific region, the electricity intensity
index has increased at an average annual rate of
0.7% per annum. In the OECD Europe region, the
index has increased at an annual rate of 0.3%. The
OECD North America shows a different pattern for
electricity intensity, with a decline of 0.4% per annum. Thus, Europe and the Pacific are growing
more electricity intensive as electricity intensity declines in the North American region.
Steadily increasing electricity demand, problems in
electricity market liberalization and heat or cold
waves forced many utilities, even in countries with
the most efficient electricity networks, to the limit of
their generation capacities. Many countries in last
years experienced temporary shortages of electricity
supply and the risk of electricity shortfalls is higher
than ever before.
In relation to this topic, segments of the IEA report
Saving Electricity in a hurry, are presented as a
featured article at the end of this section. This report
describes why temporary shortfalls in electricity
supply occur and shows how to quickly reduce the
demand for electricity to avoid the economic problems caused by persistent power shortages.
6.2 Electricity Production

Each regions natural endowment of resources, as
well as the delivered price and availability of imported resources affect the mixture of inputs for
electricity generation. Inputs are also affected by
government policies related to environmental compliance, energy security, and by the availability of
investment capital for energy technologies and infrastructure, and perceived risks associated with different technologies.
Table 4 in Part II, OECD Total Electricity Generation by Source provides statistics on the input
forms of energy used for electricity generation since
1974. Solar, wind and other non-combustible renewable energies, and inputs of combustible renewables and waste have increased at a rate of 17.6%
and 10.8% respectively since 1974. However, the
lack of reliable data from several countries in the
earlier years of this time period may be significantly
distorting growth rates. As more reliable and widespread renewables data becomes available (a separate renewables energy questionnaire was inaugurated in 2000 beginning with the year 1998) this
growth rate may change.
Data on geothermal, hydro, nuclear and combustible
fossil fuels had been reliable and available for most
member countries throughout the time period. The
strongest growth since 1974 among these input
categories has been for nuclear (7.8%) and geothermal (5.5%). Inputs of natural gas (4.2%), coal
(2.9%) and hydro (0.8%) have increased more moderately since 1974. Inputs of oil for electricity generation have declined at a rate of 2.4% per annum
since 1974.
Average Annual Growth of Electricity Generation by
Source in OECD Regions from 1974 to 2004 in %
Source
Coal
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
Other Renew.
Total
N. America
3.0
Pacific
6.7
Europe
1.4
Total
2.9
-1.3
2.9
6.6
6.7
0.6
21.7
2.6
-2.7
10.0
10.7
5.0
0.8
11.4
3.7
-3.3
5.0
8.5
3.5
1.0
10.1
2.4
-2.4
4.2
7.8
5.5
0.8
11.9
2.7
The table above summarises the growth rates of

electricity generation by source for each OECD region. It illustrates the variation between input
sources among the OECD regions. Not only has the
Pacific region experienced the strongest growth rate,
it has relied more heavily on nuclear, natural gas and
coal among the major input fuels to meet generation
needs. Coal consumption growth is higher in North
America and the Pacific regions than in Europe.
OECD Europe has relied most heavily on nuclear
and gas among the major input fuels. Oil inputs have
declined in every region.
7. SAVING ELECTRICITY IN A HURRY
The end of the crisis is generally known, that is, the

power plant is repaired, the rains replenish the reservoirs, the heat wave abates, or full transmission capability is restored.
One response to these shortfalls is to fix the supply
problem as quickly as possible, such as by connecting temporary facilities or importing power. But
some shortfalls are so large that drastic curtailment
appears to be the only feasible means of still providing some electricity while maintaining the integrity
of the electrical system. The book describes the experiences of several countries that chose a strategy
of saving electricity in a hurry rather than suffer
curtailments, indiscriminate blackouts and other
consequences of electricity shortages. These countries include Sweden, Japan, Brazil, New Zealand
and the United States. The shortfalls occurred in
many different forms of electricity markets and for
equally diverse reasons.
15
10
5
ce
an
Fr
yo
ed
e
To
k
Sw
on
a
ay
iz
Ar
03
or
w
20
ew
Ze
al
an
d
an
d
20
01
ni
a
io
N
ew
Ze
al
al
i fo
r
nt
ar
az
il
0
Br
During these crises, the infrastructure to deliver

electricity to the customer remains intact but the
utility cannot supply as much power as consumers
wish. Such shortfalls might occur as a result of a
breakdown in a key power plant, a drought, a heat or
cold wave, or partial loss of transmission capacity.
20
Temporary shortfalls in electricity supply ranging

from one day to many months have occurred at
one time or another in almost every country.
25
Electricity savings (% )
7.1 Executive Summary
Summary of Estimated Savings Achieved in

Regions through Programmes Designed
to Save Electricity in a Hurry
Countries have successfully cut electricity demand

by 0.5 to 20% by saving electricity in a hurry (see
figure above). When confronted with a severe
drought, Brazil cut its total electricity demand 20%,
and sustained these savings for several months,
without blackouts or causing major harm to the
economy (see figure below).
Electricity Demand in Brazil Before and After its
Shortfall in 2001
40
System Demand (in average GW)
The following text is from Saving Electricity in a

hurry, an IEA publication by Mr. Alan Meier. The
Executive Summary of the book and the main conclusions are provided here to acquaint readers of Electricity Information with ongoing work at the IEA.
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Sweden cut its total electricity demand by about 4%

for one day in anticipation of a cold wave that would
have overwhelmed electricity generating capacity. In
Arizona (United States), a fire at a key transformer
facility cut available power; conservation actions
sustained over six weeks reduced demand 6% and
avoided blackouts.
There are three major strategies to save electricity
quickly:
Raise electricity prices.
Encourage behavioural changes.
Introduce more energy efficient technologies.
The mix of the three strategies will depend on the
time to prepare before the shortfall arrives, the anticipated duration of the shortfall, and the structure
of the electricity markets. In fully liberalised electricity markets, the price mechanism will play the
largest role in reducing electricity demand because
experience has shown that higher electricity prices
will stimulate conservation. A shortfall in a liberalised market is actually a price crisis which can be
accommodated by normal market forces. In most
current markets, however, there are administrative,
political and technical obstacles to raising electricity
prices quickly. The response in these countries must
necessarily focus on behavioural and technical programmes to cut demand.
the campaign must explain in simple terms to consumers which measures will save. If the shortage
occurs during peak hours, then the campaign must
also explain when to save electricity. Sometimes
consumers need to be educated before they can take
actions. Many campaigns urged consumers to cut
standby power use in homes and commercial buildings, but first they needed to explain what standby
was and how it could be cut. Humour plays an unusually important role in encouraging consumers to
conserve. Hundreds of measures have been used
with success but nearly every campaign asked consumers to:
Re-set thermostats to reduce heating or cooling
demand.
Switch off non-essential lighting.
Adjust schedules for the use of electricityintensive equipment and industrial processes.
Switch off office equipment or enable them to
sleep in lower power modes.
Example of Advertisement during New Zealands
2003 Electricity Shortfall
Programmes to reduce electricity demand quickly

differ significantly from conventional energy efficiency programmes such as appliance efficiency
standards, building codes and tax incentives (called
saving electricity slowly in the book). First, the
savings need only be temporary, that is, electricity
use can return to traditional levels at the end of the
shortfall.
Second, it is acceptable to request consumers to
make sacrifices and accept inconveniences for the
duration of the shortfall. Finally, the shortfalls may
appear and end so quickly that is impossible to draw
on technical improvements in energy efficiency.
A mass media campaign can be surprisingly effective at quickly reducing electricity demand. Sophisticated media campaigns can be designed and
launched in only a few days and reach a large number of consumers almost immediately. The messages
must be carefully tailored not to blame the consumers for the problem and to convince them that individual actions will make a difference. Furthermore,
These behavioural measures can be further encouraged by programmes that give consumers rebates for
successful reductions in electricity bills. Each shortfall is unique so the appropriate actions depend on
how electricity is used and when it must be saved.
Regular collection of data related to energy consumption and savings will help a campaign focus on conservation measures that will save the most electricity.
When the shortfalls are expected to persist, technical
improvements can supplement behavioural measures. The actions to raise technical efficiency often
require an infrastructure to deliver or install. If an

infrastructure already exists to save electricity
slowly, then it may be harnessed to achieve the
short-term goal, too. Some measures include:
Installation of energy-efficient lighting (especially compact fluorescent bulbs).
Replacement of old equipment (ranging from
refrigerators to traffic signals) with new, efficient
units.
Audits and improvements of key electricityconsuming equipment (such as municipal pumping and industrial compressed air systems).
Technical improvements take longer to implement
than changes in consumer behaviour but they provide more reliable electricity savings. In addition,
the savings will persist after the crisis has ended.
Electricity shortfalls often take place in a politically
charged environment where many institutions have
lost credibility. Politicians and high executives have
lost their jobs during these crises. At the same time,
these crises disproportionately influence the shape
of future electricity policies and market structures.
Effective resolution of temporary electricity shortfalls may encourage implementation of more stable
long-term solutions to the needs of the electricity
market.
7.2 Who Needs this Book

and When?
Almost every part of the developed world has faced
a temporary shortfall in electricity supply at one time
or another. Such shortfalls might occur as a result of
reduced hydroelectric supplies caused by a drought,
a breakdown in a power plant, a heat wave, or partial loss of transmission or distribution capabilities.
During these crises, the infrastructure to deliver
electricity to the customer remains intact but the
utility cannot supply as much power as consumers
wish. The end of the crisis is generally known, that
is, the rains replenish the reservoirs, the power plant
is repaired, the heat wave abates, or full transmission
capability is restored.
The traditional response to these shortfalls is to fix
the supply problem as quickly as possible, often by
bringing in or connecting temporary facilities.
With enough advance warning and good luck

a crisis will be averted. But some shortfalls are so
large, or the temporary supply fixes so expensive,
that the only outcome appears to be blackouts or
unplanned curtailments.
It pays to avoid power shortages and even the threat
of imminent blackouts.
Even a single blackout can lead to deaths, injuries,
and economic damage.
The summer 2003 blackout in Ontario (and especially the mandatory reductions in electricity use in
the weeks following it) led to a 0.7% reduction in
Canadas total GDP during August (Statistics Canada, 2003). Continuing shortages, and the threats of
blackouts, further undermine the economy by creating uncertainty and hidden costs of adaptation and
preparation. At a personal level, people will become
less productive in small ways; for example, they
avoid using elevators (and may even refuse to visit
upper floors of buildings). Companies will invest in
expensive on-size electricity generation equipment,
uninterruptible power supplies, and other mostly
unproductive assets.
Many utility planners and government officials treat
the demand for electricity as mostly fixed. When a
shortfall occurs, the utility can disconnect some industries operating with interruptible contracts and
perhaps wring additional reductions through Demand Response programmes. If the electricity market has been liberalised, drastically higher spot
prices can be used to reduce demand. But what happens when these cuts are insufficient?
For many planners and system operators, blackouts
are the only solution. Is it possible to rapidly cut
demand for electricity at least temporarily
without causing lasting economic or environmental
damage? The book examines the record, where regions encountered shortfalls and implemented rapid
demand reduction programmes. The books goal is
to describe the extent to which electricity customers
can also rescue an overwhelmed utility. Put another
way, the books seeks to give the utility another tool
with which to solve an electricity shortfall. This tool
rapid, short-term reductions in electricity demand
cannot be applied in every situation but it may be
the best and cheapest tool, especially when combined with other strategies.
Who should read the book? Frankly, only a small
group of specialists concerned with providing reliable
electricity supplies and forecasting electricity demand should read the book immediately. But a second, larger group should skim through it and remember the books primary conclusion that it is
feasible to cut electricity demand by as much as 20%
in only a few months without destroying the economy and then put the book in a safe place until a
crisis arrives (when it should be read carefully). A
second important conclusion of the book is that a
modest amount of preparation can greatly accelerate
the launching of a programme to save electricity
quickly.
What Kind of Shortfalls are Covered in

this Book?
It is important to understand the boundaries of the
problem addressed by the book. Many electricity
crises cannot be solved by saving electricity in a
hurry (or would be more effectively addressed by
other strategies). The book offers solutions when the
crises have the following features:
The electricity supply infrastructure is basically
intact. Put another way, electricity can reach customers, but not as much as they wish. Thus, the ice
storm in Quebec and Ontario in 1998, where hundreds of transmission towers were toppled, is not a
candidate for saving electricity in a hurry.
Similarly, the great French windstorm (tempte)
of 1999, which seriously damaged large parts of the
transmission and distribution network, could not
easily benefit from rapid electricity conservation
measures. System-wide blackouts, such as occurred
in the north-east United States, Italy and Scandinavia during 2003 are other examples where saving
electricity in a hurry would not have avoided the
situation. On the other hand, some of these strategies
may be useful while the system is being restored.
This was the case in Ontario after its blackout in
2003 during the process of recovery and reestablishment of the grid.
An end to the shortfall is in sight. The shortfall
will end when the seasonal rains begin, the heat
wave abates, or a power plant comes back on line.
For practical purposes, the duration of the shortfall
covered in the book is from one day to one year.
Many of the programmes proposed in the book, such
as mobilising consumers by calling on their civic
duty, cannot be sustained for long periods. Other
strategies must be used.
The shortfall is larger or lasts longer than can be

handled through the utilitys standard Demand
Response programmes. Many utilities offer certain
customer categories low-cost power at lower reliability. From experience, the utility can estimate the
extent to which customers will respond by cutting
demand. About 5% of a utilitys total demand will
typically be responsive to these measures.
The shortfall may be a deficit in capacity (e.g., at
the time of peak demand) or in total electricity
consumption. Some shortfalls may first appear during periods of peak demand and then spread to total
electricity consumption.
The concept of saving electricity in a hurry applies
to a small number of events in a year. But these
events have such large economic consequences that,
like an accident at a nuclear power plant, advance
planning is justified.
Furthermore, these crises often disproportionately
influence future policies, so their long-term impact
may be great.
Developing Countries and Saving

Electricity in Hurry
Rapidly-developing countries, for example China
and India, suffer from chronic shortages of electricity when the electricity supply system struggles to
keep pace with the countrys growth. Saving electricity in a hurry does not apply directly to those
situations because a clear end to the shortfall is not
in sight, and the infrastructure is most likely not sufficient to deliver adequate amounts of power. Nevertheless, these countries may still benefit from many
of the concepts described here, such as shifting municipal pumping operations to off-peak hours and
scheduling vacations of staff in electricity-intensive
factories to coincide with the weeks of peak electricity demand.
Security Applications of Saving Electricity

in a Hurry
Actions by terrorists or criminals could also create
shortfalls in electricity supplies identical to those
covered in the book. Power plants, transformer stations and transmission lines are potential and
highly vulnerable targets for terrorists. Oil and
gas pipelines, oil storage tanks and other major facilities upstream of the electricity grid are also prime
targets. (Indeed, several attempts have already been
detected and thwarted in various parts of the world.)

These actions could disrupt the supply chain for a
few minutes or even many months because these
facilities are unique and not easily replaced.
As soon as the authorities determine the extent of
damage and probable length of the shortfall, a demand-reduction campaign would begin. The goal is
identical to that of electricity shortfalls caused by a
non-hostile act: reduce demand in such a way as to
cause the least damage to the economy.
Mobilising consumers would probably not be difficult because utilities and governments would find it
easier to request conservation as a kind of civic duty
or act of patriotism.
Reference
Statistics Canada (2003), Canadian Economic Accounts, 28 November, www.statcan.ca.
7.3 Vignettes of Power

Shortfalls
Nobody tracks electricity shortfalls and only a few
such electricity crises have gained international attention (unless there is a blackout). Chapter 2 of the
report lists some shortfalls and describes them.
These descriptions have four purposes. First, the
reader will gain an appreciation of the diversity of
causes of the shortfalls as well as their complexity
and dynamic nature. Second, it is important to understand the nature and chronology of the crisis (if
only superficially). Third, a description here simplifies discussions of specific aspects in the following
chapters of the report. Finally, each vignette is a fascinating story in itself, with many lessons for other
regions.
Some vignettes are short because the events are not
directly related to saving electricity in a hurry. For
example, the Presque Isle incident is presented to
illustrate how a flood can temporarily cut power
supplies and the economic impacts resulting from
loss of power. Some vignettes are short because
there is very little to report. The Swedish vignette
while an important example of saving electricity in a
hurry barely appears in the literature and required
original research and interviews.
The table below summarises the shortfalls described in
chapter 2 of the book. This is not intended to be a com-
prehensive list of shortfalls; however, it does illustrate that the shortfalls happen regularly, for diverse
reasons, and in all regions.
Incidents of Short-term Supply Shortages
Date Country/
Location
2004 United States/
Arizona
Immediate Cause of
Shortfall
Fire destroyed distribution station.
Other Related Aspects
Forest fires threatened

other transmission facilities.
2003 Norway
Drought, early and
High dependence on
unusually cold winter.
electricity for heating.
Utility admits to preparing
2003 Japan/Tokyo Nuclear plants shut
down
inaccurate safety reports.
2003 United States/ Flood damages cooling Remote location prohibits
Presque Isle, system of power plant. substitution via transmisMichigan
sion.
Low coal stockpile for
2003 New Zealand Drought.
main thermal station.
2003 Canada/
Power failure originat- Slow re-start of nuclear
Ontario
ing in Ohio, U.S. and
power plants.
affecting most of the
northeastern United
States and the Province
of Ontario.
2003 Europe
Heat wave and drought
lead to increased demand and reduced
output.
2001 Brazil
Drought and economic Partial market liberalizaupturn causing intion failed to increase
creased demand.
electricity supplies.
2001 United States/ High number of plants Incomplete market liberCalifornia
out of service, reduced alisation, shortage of
imports.
natural gas, drought in
nearby areas, market
manipulation by independent generators.
2001 New Zealand Drought.
Cold wave and reduced Seeking to address
2001 Sweden
hydro capacity.
anticipated Monday peak.
1998 New Zealand/ Transmission line cut.
Auckland
Other recent shortages have occurred in Chile, Australia, Italy, China and various parts of the United
States, but we have not presented them here because
of insufficient information or because they added no
new insights.
7.4 Conclusions
Looking Back
The book identified a unique form of electricity crisis the temporary shortfall and showed how
different regions have dealt with it by quickly reducing demand.
Temporary shortfalls in electricity are relatively rare

events but are certainly more common than accidents at nuclear power plants or other events for
which we make elaborate preparations. The vignettes in Chapter 2 of the report, demonstrate that
temporary shortages of electricity supplies occur
even in the wealthiest countries with the most sophisticated electricity networks.
The diversity of causes suggests that all electricity
supply systems are vulnerable, and often in ways
that are not predictable. Who, for example, would
have foreseen a summer electricity shortage in
Northern Europe? There is every reason to expect
that shortfalls similar to those described in the vignettes will occur again though each will have its
own unique and unpredictable twists.
The vignettes also showed how regions found creative strategies to save electricity in a hurry instead of
simply curtailing power. These strategies differ substantially from traditional policies to raise energy
efficiency in three major ways:
In a crisis it is acceptable to request consumers to
make themselves more uncomfortable hotter in
the summer, colder in the winter and be inconvenienced. If consumers are persuaded that a crisis
exists, they will respond. This kind of sacrifice
would be difficult to promote as a long-term strategy
and is contrary to the concept of higher efficiency
yielding the same services with less energy.
Raising electricity prices to depress demand,
while a sensible goal, may not be feasible. The
crisis may have ended by the time the practical obstacles to delivering the price signal have been overcome.
A campaign based on intensive use of the mass
media is an essential tool for rapid reductions.
The same type of campaign will probably have little
impact outside a crisis situation.
The experiences in these shortages also underscore
strong connections between saving electricity in a
hurry and saving electricity slowly through higher
efficiency. Both programmes need similar information to operate effectively: where is electricity used
and where can it be saved? Temporary shortages are
often indicators of a larger, underlying problem in
the electricity system. Long-term improvements in
energy efficiency will help solve the problem.
Loose Ends
There is not enough experience to answer all questions about saving electricity in a hurry. For example, how often can consumers be asked to conserve?
New Zealand called for drastic conservation twice in
three years.
This would appear to push the limits of consumer
participation. But the second campaign in 2003 appeared to be even more successful than the first in
2001. Perhaps the 2003 campaign was more effective or perhaps the consumers remembered the tricks
we dont know.
The persistence of the energy savings is also unclear. A durable reduction in energy use is important
because the longer the savings persist, the more time
a region has to fix underlying problems (although
there is no assurance that they will use this time
wisely). Brazils electricity consumption did not
return to its pre-crisis levels for several years and the
pause gave it time to fix its electricity restructuring programme. In California, about half the electricity savings persisted one year after the crisis.
Even if California did not solve its supply problems,
the pause gave time for the traditional efficiency
campaigns to make a greater impact.
What happens if a crisis is declared but is a false
alarm? Saving electricity in a hurry is easiest when
there is a long lead time to start a campaign. If the
damaged transformer is repaired ahead of schedule
or the cold wave never arrives, an expensive campaign may have been created for no reason.
Tokyos shortage was not as severe as forecast because the summer proved to be one of the coolest in
history. So far there are no examples of massive conservation campaigns abruptly cancelled, though New
Zealand terminated its programmes earlier than anticipated because heavy rains replenished its reservoirs.
New technologies still need to be fully proven. For
example, advanced metering technologies (and the
tariffs to exploit them) appear to be valuable tools in
communicating the shortage to consumers. But the
evidence of actual performance is scanty and inconclusive. Advances in mass communications offer
new ways to reach targeted groups. The next power
shortage could rely much more on the Web, e-mail,
and text messages but only if the addresses of those
groups can be quickly compiled (again demonstrating the need for advance preparation).
Summing Up
Saving electricity in a hurry is not an elegant, localised operation like building a new power plant; it is
a messy, chaotic activity with groups scrambling all
over (and sometimes bumping into each other). It is
complicated because it involves and possibly
inconveniences so many people. Strong, credible,
leadership by responsible authorities usually, but
not always the government plays a crucial role in

launching and sustaining an effective campaign.
Furthermore, saving electricity in a hurry can be
expensive in unfamiliar directions, such as for advertising, rebates and other subsidies.
This may still be an attractive alternative to much
more severe economic dislocation and disruption
caused by curtailments in electricity supplies.
Table 1. OECD ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, IMPORTS, EXPORTS,

APPARENT CONSUMPTION, 2004e
(TWh)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Total
OECD Europe
OECD Pacific
OECD North America
Gross
Production (1)
239.0
64.3
86.1
590.4
84.3
40.3
85.7
572.2
606.1
59.3
33.7
8.6
25.1
300.4
1037.5
367.6
3.7
256.2
98.5
42.4
110.6
154.1
45.0
30.4
280.4
155.9
65.5
150.0
383.7
4151.9
10128.8
3443.9
1686.4
4998.4
Imports
Exports
16.6
14.6
23.2
9.8
8.7
11.7
6.5
48.2
3.4
13.8
1.6
46.4
6.5
0.0
21.4
15.3
5.3
8.6
7.8
8.3
15.6
27.1
0.5
9.8
34.2
13.5
6.8
34.4
24.6
11.5
6.8
68.6
50.8
1.5
6.3
0.8
3.1
1.0
5.2
3.8
14.6
2.1
10.4
11.4
17.8
27.8
1.1
2.3
22.9
Apparent
Consumption(2)
239.0
67.4
93.9
579.3
69.5
37.5
90.5
510.2
603.5
61.3
41.2
8.6
26.6
346.0
1037.5
367.6
7.1
255.2
114.7
42.4
122.1
144.8
51.4
27.7
277.4
153.8
64.8
149.3
391.2
4163.2
365.0
307.5
57.5
349.1
290.8
58.3
10144.7
3460.6
1686.4
4997.6
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.

(1) Gross production refers to total main activity producers and autoproducers production, including production from pumped storage.
(2) Apparent Consumption = Production + Imports - Exports. Includes Own Use by Power Plant, Used for Heat Pumps, Electric
Boilers and Pumped Storage, Transmission Losses and transformation industries for heating, traction and lighting purposes.
Apparent consumption is an estimate based on preliminary data and not verified with the real consumption side of the balance.
Table 2. ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, IMPORTS, EXPORTS,

FINAL CONSUMPTION, 2003
(TWh)
OECD Total
Non-OECD Total
World
Australia
Gross
Production (1)
Imports
9938.3
371.9
6803.6
16741.9
172.9
544.8
Energy
Sector (4)
Final
Consumption
Exports
Own
Use
Other
Use (2)
Supply
Transm.
Losses(3)
353.5
458.7
101.8
9396.2
669.8
253.4
8472.9
194.9
548.4
433.6
892.3
11.6
113.4
6336.4
15732.6
845.0
1514.8
299.7
553.1
5191.7
13664.6
190.3
228.1
15.4
0.2
212.5
15.2
7.0
Austria
63.2
19.0
13.4
1.5
2.4
64.9
3.0
1.0
60.8
Belgium
84.6
14.7
8.3
3.8
1.4
85.8
3.8
2.3
79.7
Canada
504.0
587.0
24.5
31.2
18.9
0.2
561.2
33.4
23.7
Czech Republic
83.2
10.1
26.3
6.6
0.6
59.9
5.1
2.4
52.4
Denmark
46.3
7.0
15.6
2.4
0.0
35.3
2.2
0.7
32.4
Finland
84.2
11.9
7.0
3.9
0.0
85.2
3.4
0.9
80.8
France
566.9
6.2
72.2
24.6
7.3
469.0
31.7
28.8
408.4
Germany
599.5
46.8 e
47.2 e
34.8
7.7
556.5 e
29.8 e
17.4
509.3 e
Greece
58.5
4.2
2.1
4.1
0.8
55.6
5.0
2.1
48.6
Hungary
34.1
14.1
7.1
2.8
38.3
4.2
2.7
31.4
Iceland
8.5
0.1
0.2
8.2
0.5
0.1
7.6
Ireland
25.2
1.2
0.0
1.2
0.6
24.7
2.0
0.1
22.5
Italy
293.9
51.5
0.5
13.7
10.5
320.7
20.9
8.4
291.4
Japan
1047.2
37.5
13.1
996.6
49.8
12.7
934.1
Korea
346.9
15.5
2.2
329.1
11.0
318.1
3.6
6.5
2.8
0.1
1.1
6.2
0.2
6.0
218.7
0.1
1.0
11.0
206.8
33.5
6.2
167.0
96.8
20.8
3.8
3.9
109.8
4.3
5.0
100.5
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
41.1
1.3
39.8
5.4
0.1
34.2
Norway
107.3
13.4
5.5
0.9
1.1
113.2
9.1
1.1
103.0
Poland
151.6
5.0
15.1
13.3
2.3
125.9
14.3
12.9
98.7
Portugal
46.9
5.9
3.1
1.5
0.5
47.7
3.9
0.6
43.2
Slovak Republic
31.2
8.6
10.9
2.5
0.3 e
26.2 e
2.0
1.3
Spain
260.7
9.5
8.3
10.5
4.7
246.8
22.5
6.4
217.9
Sweden
135.6
24.3
11.5
3.1
2.7
142.7
10.5
2.4
129.8
67.0
30.1
33.2
2.1
2.9
58.9
3.8
55.1
140.6
1.2
0.6
5.3
135.8
24.1
1.4
110.4
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
23.0 e
398.6
5.1
3.0
18.2
3.5
379.0
30.8
10.7
337.4
4081.5
30.4
24.0
198.3
35.5
3854.1
284.6
94.8
3474.8
OECD Total
9938.3
371.9
353.5
458.7
101.8
9396.2
669.8
253.4
8472.9
OECD Europe
3388.0
316.9
297.4
160.7
50.6
3196.2
236.9
108.9
2850.4
OECD Pacific
1663.2
69.8
15.5
1577.9
81.4
19.8
1476.8
OECD N. America
4887.1
54.9
56.1
228.3
35.7
4622.0
351.5
124.8
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries and IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries.
4145.8
(2) Other use refers to used for heat pumps, electric boilers and pumped storage.
(3) Includes distribution losses.
(4) Electricity consumed by transformation industries for heating, traction and lighting purposes; excludes own and other use.

FINAL CONSUMPTION, 2003 (continued)
(TWh)
Gross
Production (1)
Imports
Algeria
29.6
0.2
Angola
2.0
Benin
0.1
Transm.
Losses(3)
Energy
Sector (4)
Final
Consumption
27.4
4.2
0.5
22.7
1.9
0.3
1.6
0.6
0.1
0.5
Exports
Own
Use
Other
Use (2)
Supply
0.2
2.2
0.1
0.5
Cameroon
3.7
3.7
0.9
2.8
Congo
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.3
DR of Congo
6.3
0.0
1.3
0.0
4.9
0.2
2.3
2.4
Cte d'Ivoire
5.1
1.3
0.1
3.7
0.7
3.0
91.9
0.2
1.0
3.6
87.4
10.7
76.7
Egypt
Eritrea
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
Ethiopia
2.3
0.2
2.1
0.2
1.8
Gabon
1.5
0.1
1.5
0.3
0.0
1.2
Ghana
5.9
0.9
0.9
0.0
6.0
0.7
5.2
Kenya
4.9
0.2
0.0
5.0
0.9
4.1
Libya
18.9
2.2
16.7
5.4
11.4
Morocco
18.1
1.4
1.0
18.6
2.9
0.4
15.3
Mozambique
10.6
5.5
8.6
0.1
7.4
1.1
6.3
Namibia
1.5
1.4
0.1
2.8
0.3
2.5
Nigeria
20.2
0.6
19.6
6.7
12.9
Senegal
2.1
0.1
2.1
0.3
1.8
231.1
8.2
10.3
11.9
4.0
213.1
22.6
15.1
175.4
Sudan
3.4
0.0
3.3
0.5
2.8
UR of Tanzania
2.7
2.7
0.7
0.1
1.9
Togo
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.5
10.4
South Africa
Tunisia
12.4
0.0
0.6
11.8
1.4
Zambia
9.6
2.8
0.2
6.6
0.3
6.3
Zimbabwe
8.8
3.2
0.2
11.8
1.4
10.4
Other Africa
13.5
1.6
0.2
0.8
14.2
0.7
0.2
13.3
Argentina
92.1
7.6
2.5
2.5
0.0
94.6
14.0
80.5
Bolivia
4.3
0.0
0.0
4.2
0.6
3.7
Brazil
364.9
37.2
0.0
12.0
390.0
60.5
329.5
Chile
48.8
1.1
47.7
2.8
0.6
44.3
Colombia
47.1
0.1
1.2
0.8
45.2
9.1
36.1
7.6
0.2
0.3
0.1
7.4
0.5
6.9
15.9
1.0
14.9
2.4
12.5
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Rep.
13.5
0.5
13.0
4.3
8.7
Ecuador
11.5
1.1
0.3
12.4
4.0
8.4
El Salvador
4.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
4.2
0.5
3.7
Guatemala
6.6
0.0
0.4
0.1
6.1
1.4
4.7
Haiti
0.5
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.2
Honduras
4.5
0.3
0.0
4.8
1.0
3.8

(TWh)
Gross
Production (1)
Imports
Jamaica
7.1
N. Antilles
1.1
Nicaragua
Supply
Transm.
Losses(3)
Energy
Sector (4)
Final
Consumption
7.1
0.6
6.5
1.0
0.1
0.8
0.2
2.3
0.8
1.5
0.1
5.3
1.0
4.3
0.4
6.2
1.9
4.3
0.4
22.5
2.3
20.2
Exports
Own
Use
Other
Use (2)
0.0
0.1
2.7
0.0
0.0
0.3
Panama
5.6
0.0
0.2
Paraguay
51.8
45.2
Peru
22.9
Trinidad and T.
6.4
0.2
6.2
0.3
5.9
Uruguay
8.6
0.4
1.1
0.1
7.8
1.8
6.0
64.9
Venezuela
Oth. Lat. America
Bangladesh
Brunei
91.8
1.2
90.6
23.4
2.3
9.7
0.0
0.3
9.4
0.6
8.9
19.7
1.1
18.6
2.3
16.3
2.8
0.3
2.5
0.2
2.4
35.5
10.4
3.0
42.9
4.4
38.5
India
633.3
1.7
0.1
45.0
590.0
171.6
418.3
Indonesia
112.9
4.0
108.9
18.4
90.4
DPR of Korea
21.0
2.0
19.0
3.3
15.7
Malaysia
78.4
1.4
77.0
3.6
73.4
Myanmar
6.2
0.2
6.0
1.2
4.8
Nepal
2.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
2.1
0.4
1.7
Pakistan
80.8
3.0
77.8
20.3
57.5
Philippines
52.9
3.4
49.5
6.8
42.6
Singapore
35.3
1.4
33.9
1.9
1.6
30.3
Sri Lanka
7.6
0.1
7.5
1.4
6.2
Chinese Taipei
209.1
10.3
5.0
193.7
7.9
4.1
181.7
Thailand
117.0
2.5
0.3
3.7
115.5
8.6
107.0
Vietnam
40.9
0.8
40.1
5.7
34.4
Other Asia
12.7
0.5
2.2
0.2
10.7
0.5
10.3
1907.4
3.0
10.3
169.8
1730.2
123.9
123.7
1482.6
Albania
5.2
1.2
0.3
0.0
6.1
2.1
0.1
4.0
Bulgaria
42.5
1.3
6.8
4.1
0.5
32.4
6.0
1.3
25.1
Cyprus
4.0
0.2
3.8
0.2
0.0
3.6
Gibraltar
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
Malta
2.2
0.1
2.1
0.3
1.8
37.5
Hong Kong, CN
PR of China
Romania
55.1
1.0
3.0
3.8
49.2
4.8
7.0
Bosnia and H.
11.3
2.0
3.2
1.2
8.9
1.9
7.0
Croatia
12.7
4.5
0.6
0.6
0.1
15.9
2.5
0.4
12.9
6.7
1.0
0.5
7.2
1.3
0.2
5.7
35.4
4.6
1.8
2.9
0.9
34.4
5.7
0.6
28.1
Slovenia
14.0
6.0
5.8
0.9
13.3
0.6
0.2
12.5
FYROM
Serbia and M.

(TWh)
Gross
Production (1)
Imports
5.5
0.3
21.3
2.4
Belarus
26.6
10.8
4.0
Estonia
10.2
0.1
2.0
Georgia
7.1
1.1
0.2
Kazakhstan
63.8
3.5
5.0
Kyrgyzstan
14.0
0.1
1.7
4.0
2.7
0.0
19.5
4.1
11.7
3.4
3.6
0.1
916.3
8.2
Tajikistan
16.5
Turkmenistan
10.8
Exports
Other
Use (2)
Supply
Transm.
Losses(3)
0.6
0.3
4.9
1.2
3.7
0.9
1.0
21.9
3.5
0.7
17.7
2.1
31.3
3.5
1.2
26.7
1.1
0.0
7.2
1.2
0.4
5.6
0.2
7.8
1.2
1.0
5.7
5.2
57.1
10.0
2.0
45.1
0.2
12.2
4.1
0.1
7.9
0.2
6.4
0.9
0.3
5.2
1.6
0.9
9.4
1.4
0.9
7.2
0.3
6.6
1.9
0.1
4.5
21.6
68.4
834.5
110.5
91.7
632.2
4.6
4.6
0.1
16.4
2.5
0.1
13.9
1.1
0.8
8.9
1.5
1.1
6.3
180.4
7.2
12.2
14.0
161.4
32.1
15.2
114.2
49.4
11.5
11.5
2.8
46.5
4.4
1.4
40.7
7.8
0.3
7.5
0.3
7.2
152.6
1.5
0.9
6.9
146.3
26.0
1.8
118.5
Iraq
28.3
28.3
1.7
26.7
Israel
47.0
1.5
4.2
41.4
1.4
40.0
8.5
0.0
0.5
8.0
0.8
0.1
7.1
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Latvia
Lithuania
Rep. of Moldova
Russia
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Bahrain
IR of Iran
Jordan
Energy
Sector (4)
Final
Consumption
Own
Use
Kuwait
39.8
5.7
34.1
4.3
5.1
24.7
Lebanon
10.5
10.5
1.6
9.0
Oman
10.7
0.4
10.3
1.9
8.4
Qatar
12.0
12.0
0.8
11.2
126.3
Saudi Arabia
153.0
3.8
149.2
7.0
15.9
Syria
29.5
3.4
26.2
7.0
19.2
UAE
49.5
2.5
47.1
5.1
41.9
4.1
0.4
3.7
1.0
2.7
Non-OECD Total
6803.6
172.9
194.9
433.6
11.6
6336.4
845.0
299.7
5191.7
Yemen
Table 3. OECD GROSS ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY, BY FUEL, 2004e

(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar/
Wind(1)
Australia
Austria
Fossil Comb.Renew
Fuels(2)
& Waste(3)
Total
16.05
1.00
220.24
1.67
238.96
39.92
0.00
0.94
21.31
2.12
64.29
Belgium
48.21
1.64
0.13
34.29
1.81
86.09
Canada
90.39
337.73
1.18
151.97
9.15
590.42
Czech Republic
26.33
2.56
0.01
54.94
0.50
84.33
0.03
6.65
30.08
3.57
40.33
Denmark
Finland
22.68
14.94
0.12
37.27
10.65
85.66
France
448.24
64.90
1.10
52.82
5.17
572.24
Germany
167.34
27.00
25.46
370.30
16.02
606.12
5.16
1.04
52.86
0.25
59.30
11.92
0.21
0.01
20.84
0.74
33.71
Iceland
7.13
1.48
0.01
8.62
Ireland
1.00
0.66
23.33
0.07
25.06
Italy
48.73
5.43
2.77
238.23
5.24
300.40
Japan
285.87
103.60
3.43
1.11
632.20
11.26
1037.47
Korea
130.72
5.86
0.04
228.92
2.06
367.59
0.85
0.05
2.71
0.08
3.69
Mexico
9.19
25.20
6.58
0.05
212.68
2.45
256.16
Netherlands
3.82
0.10
2.09
87.84
4.64
98.48
27.04
2.53
1.02
11.19
0.60
42.38
Norway
109.28
0.34
0.50
0.48
110.60
Poland
3.69
0.14
149.34
0.96
154.13
44.96
Greece
Hungary
Luxembourg
New Zealand
Portugal
10.20
0.08
0.82
32.24
1.62
Slovak Republic
17.03
4.16
0.03
9.03
0.11
30.35
Spain
63.61
34.44
15.66
160.07
6.63
280.40
Sweden
77.29
64.24
0.77
6.78
6.82
155.90
Switzerland
26.96
35.47
0.03
1.18
1.92
65.55
46.05
0.09
0.06
103.72
0.06
149.98
Turkey
United Kingdom
73.68
7.41
1.82
294.12
6.70
383.73
United States
813.37
299.06
14.80
14.89
2940.95
68.79
4151.87
OECD Total
10128.76
2316.63
1343.65
34.43
79.96
6181.96
172.14
OECD Europe
987.10
529.10
7.09
60.68
1783.81
76.15
3443.92
OECD Pacific
416.58
152.56
5.96
3.17
1092.55
15.59
1686.40
OECD N. America
912.95
662.00
21.38
16.12
3305.60
80.40
4998.44
(1) Includes Tide, Wave, Ocean and Other (Fuel cells etc).
(2) Includes Hard Coal, Brown Coal, Peat, Coal Gas, Oil and Natural Gas.
(3) Includes Solid Biomass, Industrial and Municipal Wastes and Biomass Gases.
Note: Including electricity production from pumped storage.
Table 4. OECD GROSS ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS,

BY COUNTRY, 2004e
(TWh)
Hard
Australia
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases
Indust. Municip. Biomass

Waste Waste
Gases
133.06
49.28
1.80
2.32
33.79
0.95
Austria
6.86
1.00
1.15
1.79
10.51
1.66
0.19
0.20
0.07
Belgium
9.21
2.10
1.58
21.41
0.42
0.31
0.91
0.18
Canada
26.80
72.72
0.35
19.75
32.35
8.41
0.02
0.73
5.61
45.30
0.67
0.29
3.07
0.38
0.02
0.10
Denmark
18.70
1.65
9.74
1.82
1.48
0.27
Finland
16.43
6.95
0.56
0.93
12.41
9.86
0.47
0.30
0.03
France
24.37
3.53
7.38
17.54
1.37
3.34
0.46
138.00
158.50
7.80
4.00
62.00
3.90
4.56
4.34
3.22
Czech Republic
Germany
Greece
0.72
35.56
8.27
9.03
0.15
0.10
0.15
8.03
0.09
0.75
11.82
0.66
0.05
0.02
Iceland
0.01
Ireland
6.21
1.46
3.17
12.50
0.07
Hungary
Italy
47.10
5.41
58.78
126.95
0.40
1.51
2.23
1.10
Japan
250.52
36.30
107.42
237.96
7.36
0.05
3.86
Korea
132.14
12.39
30.26
54.13
1.78
0.28
2.71
0.06
0.02
Mexico
23.43
0.68
81.62
106.96
2.43
0.02
Netherlands
23.42
3.12
2.88
58.42
1.82
2.54
0.28
New Zealand
4.16
0.02
7.01
0.47
0.13
Norway
0.04
0.10
0.02
0.34
0.30
0.03
0.15
Poland
85.80
56.44
1.97
2.46
2.67
0.61
0.28
0.07
Portugal
14.89
5.53
11.83
1.08
0.01
0.52
0.01
3.38
2.29
0.41
0.67
2.28
0.08
0.00
0.03
0.00
68.59
10.52
1.22
23.99
55.76
4.24
0.85
1.54
1.35
0.81
1.78
2.15
0.69
6.09
0.12
0.58
0.03
0.09
1.09
0.03
1.71
0.18
10.68
22.47
0.90
9.19
60.48
0.01
0.03
0.03
Luxembourg
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
126.54
2.07
7.02
158.49
1.54
1.54
3.61
United States
1984.77
96.58
3.24
134.75
721.61
39.23
7.99
15.87
5.71
OECD Total
3162.17
558.69
9.23
87.63
518.71
1845.52
96.90
15.69
40.86
18.70
OECD Europe
607.30
340.12
9.23
32.87
142.57
651.72
36.27
7.65
20.83
11.39
OECD Pacific
519.87
49.28
50.49
140.03
332.88
10.55
0.05
4.13
0.85
OECD N. America 2035.00

169.29
4.27
236.12
860.92
50.07
7.99
15.89
6.46
Table 5. OECD GROSS HEAT PRODUCTION(1) FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS,

BY COUNTRY, 2004e
(PJ)
Hard
Australia
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Gases
Solid
Biomass

Waste Waste
Gases
2.75
0.30
0.33
7.84
27.19
11.20
0.65
2.83
0.27
Belgium
20.90
2.12
0.07
Canada
4.14
31.26
0.01
30.25
60.90
5.07
6.70
38.95
2.55
0.32
2.37
0.10
Austria
Czech Republic
Denmark
36.57
6.59
44.47
16.76
23.53
1.09
Finland
33.30
33.04
0.59
11.49
47.62
32.05
6.50
2.03
0.27
France
Germany
Greece
27.91
87.44
36.89
4.00
13.87
227.79
26.58
1.18
0.51
7.68
3.11
1.69
46.07
0.36
0.42
0.04
Iceland
0.02
0.06
Ireland
Italy
Japan
0.59
2.29
15.92
0.16
3.67
Korea
Hungary
31.26
0.55
58.64
41.17
5.04
6.31
1.95
Luxembourg
1.87
0.11
Mexico
4.64
2.32
92.14
0.23
7.31
0.09
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
0.44
0.00
2.36
0.31
0.89
0.25
6.57
0.01
Poland
313.00
6.59
7.60
8.80
20.51
2.50
0.88
0.32
3.46
7.16
4.03
8.58
0.17
0.98
41.91
0.72
0.10
0.27
0.02
7.56
9.77
2.73
12.97
10.27
87.30
1.34
22.38
1.28
0.03
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
1.14
15.50
Turkey
United Kingdom
11.82
0.97
4.97
50.72
1.93
United States
53.67
3.25
16.48
245.87
17.82
1.32
4.75
0.30
OECD Total
617.82
122.12
42.80
28.37
165.60
1013.22
179.34
11.51
150.94
9.62
OECD Europe
532.30
122.12
42.80
24.57
84.06
679.01
156.49
10.04
139.86
3.69
OECD Pacific
31.85
0.55
60.93
57.08
5.04
0.16
6.31
5.62
OECD N. America
53.67
3.25
20.61
277.12
17.82
1.32
4.77
0.30
(1) Heat sold to third parties, only. Production in industry for own use is not included.
Note: Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions in Part II.
Table 6. GROSS ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY, BY FUEL, 2003

(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar/
Wind(1)
Fossil
Fuels(2)
Comb.Renew
& Waste(3)
OECD Total
2223.37
1317.33
34.33
61.90
6131.95
169.46
9938.33
Non-OECD Total
World
411.98
2635.35
1408.49
2725.82
19.41
53.74
6.61
68.51
4925.82
11057.77
31.24
200.70
6803.55
16741.88
Australia
16.25
0.70
209.71
1.41
228.07
Austria
38.37
0.00
0.38
22.40
2.02
63.17
Belgium
47.38
1.32
0.09
34.22
1.62
84.63
Canada
74.89
337.67
0.87 e
164.42
9.15
587.01
Czech Republic
25.87
1.79
0.00
55.06
0.50
83.23
0.02
5.63
37.45
3.16
46.26
Denmark
Total
Finland
22.73
9.59
0.09
41.64
10.17
84.23
France
441.07
64.34
0.89
55.56
5.05
566.90
Germany
165.06
24.44
19.19
377.43
13.35
599.47
5.33
1.02
51.88
0.25
58.48
34.15
Greece
Hungary
11.01
0.17
0.00
22.76
0.19
Iceland
7.09
1.41
0.01
8.50
Ireland
0.96
0.45
23.74
0.09
25.24
Italy
44.28
5.34
2.35 e
237.40
4.49
293.87
Japan
240.01
104.13
3.48
0.84
681.03
17.71
1047.20
Korea
129.67
6.90
0.03
208.34
1.91
346.85
0.92
0.03
2.61
0.07
3.62
10.50
19.88
6.28
0.05
179.49
2.45
218.65
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
4.02
0.07
1.58
87.21
3.90
96.78
New Zealand
23.65
2.76
0.77
13.39
0.53
41.11
Norway
106.10
0.30
0.44
0.43
107.27
Poland
3.29
0.12
147.47
0.74
151.63
Portugal
16.05
0.09
0.50
28.43
1.78
46.85
Slovak Republic
17.86
3.67
0.03
9.50
0.11
31.18
Spain
61.88
43.90
12.12
139.33
3.51
260.73
Sweden
67.42
53.27
0.63
8.57
5.73
135.62
Switzerland
27.49
36.87
0.02
1.00
1.62 e
35.33
0.09
0.06
104.99
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.12
66.99
140.58
88.69
5.96
1.29
295.97
6.72
398.62
United States
787.82
305.72
14.87
11.85
2890.53
70.67
4081.47
OECD Total
2223.37
1317.33
34.33
61.90
6131.95
169.46
9938.33
OECD Europe
980.47
503.12
6.93
46.79
1785.05
65.62
3387.97
OECD Pacific
369.69
150.94
6.25
2.34
1112.46
21.56
1663.23
OECD N. America
873.21
663.27
21.15
12.77
3234.44
82.28
4887.13
Table 6. GROSS ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY, BY FUEL, 2003 (continued)

(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar/
Wind(1)
Fossil
Fuels(2)
Comb.Renew
& Waste(3)
Total
29.57
Algeria
0.27
29.31
Angola
1.24
0.75
2.00
Benin
0.00
0.08
0.08
Cameroon
3.53
0.16
3.68
Congo
0.34
0.00
0.34
DR of Congo
6.24
0.02
6.26
Cte d'Ivoire
1.83
3.26
5.09
Egypt
12.94
0.29
78.71
91.93
Eritrea
0.28
0.28
Ethiopia
2.28
0.00
0.02
2.30
Gabon
0.90
0.60
0.01
1.50
Ghana
3.89
2.02
5.90
Kenya
3.26
0.79
0.82
4.86
Libya
18.94
18.94
Morocco
1.46
0.20
16.45
18.11
Mozambique
10.57
0.03
10.60
Namibia
1.46
0.05
1.50
Nigeria
7.84
12.35
20.18
Senegal
0.34
0.15
1.63
0.02
2.14
12.66
3.81
214.35
0.26
231.08
Sudan
1.16
2.19
3.35
UR of Tanzania
2.55
0.19
2.74
Togo
0.24
0.05
0.29
Tunisia
0.17
0.03
12.21
12.41
Zambia
9.52
0.05
9.57
Zimbabwe
5.36
3.44
8.80
Other Africa
5.60
7.94
13.54
7.57
33.84
0.08
49.54
1.05
92.07
2.58
1.60
0.09
4.27
Brazil
13.36
305.94
0.06
32.73
12.81
364.90
Chile
22.60
24.48
1.70
48.78
Colombia
36.17
10.36
0.55
47.08
Costa Rica
5.92
0.92
0.31
0.13
0.28
7.57
Cuba
0.10
15.01
0.80
15.91
Dominican Rep.
1.20
12.26
0.05
13.51
Ecuador
7.18
4.37
11.55
El Salvador
1.46
0.97
1.63
0.02
4.08
Guatemala
2.48
3.24
0.85
6.56
Haiti
0.26
0.28
South Africa
Argentina
Bolivia
Honduras
2.17
2.34
0.02
0.54
4.53

(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar/
Wind(1)
Fossil
Fuels(2)
Comb.Renew
& Waste(3)
Total
Jamaica
0.12
6.93
0.10
7.15
N. Antilles
1.08
1.08
Nicaragua
0.30
0.27
2.04
0.10
2.71
Panama
2.82
2.73
0.02
5.58
Paraguay
51.77
51.77
Peru
18.53
0.00
4.19
0.20
22.92
Trinidad and Tobago
6.43
0.01
6.44
Uruguay
8.53
0.01
0.04
8.58
Venezuela
60.63
31.21
91.84
Oth. Lat. America
1.42
8.13
0.11
9.66
Bangladesh
1.13
18.59
19.71
Brunei
2.84
2.84
Hong Kong, China
35.51
35.51
India
17.78
75.34
3.59
534.69
1.88
633.28
Indonesia
9.08
6.32
97.53
112.93
DPR of Korea
11.72
9.32
21.04
Malaysia
5.75
72.68
78.43
Myanmar
2.25
3.96
6.21
Nepal
2.26
0.00
2.27
1.76
26.94
52.13
80.83
Philippines
7.87
9.82
35.17
52.86
Singapore
1.63
33.71
35.33
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Chinese Taipei
3.31
0.00
4.30
7.61
38.89
6.90
160.11
3.16
209.05
Thailand
7.30
0.00
107.03
2.65
116.98
Vietnam
18.99
21.94
40.93
Other Asia
5.48
7.20
12.67
43.34
283.68
1577.89
2.47
1907.38
5.17
0.06
5.23
17.28
3.23
22.01
0.01
42.53
PR of China
Albania
Bulgaria
Cyprus
4.04
4.04
Gibraltar
0.13
0.13
Malta
2.24
2.24
55.14
Romania
4.91
13.26
36.97
0.00
Bosnia-Herzegovina
5.40
5.85
11.25
Croatia
4.94
7.73
12.67
FYROM
1.37
5.36
6.74
Serbia-Montenegro
9.85
25.52
35.37
Slovenia
5.21
3.16
5.53
0.13
14.02

(TWh)
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar/
Wind(1)
Fossil
Fuels(2)
Comb.Renew
& Waste(3)
2.00
1.98
2.47
Total
1.52
5.50
18.82
21.29
Belarus
0.03
26.60
26.63
Estonia
0.01
0.01
10.11
0.03
10.16
Georgia
6.53
0.59
7.12
Kazakhstan
8.63
55.19
63.82
Kyrgyzstan
13.01
1.02
14.03
Latvia
2.27
0.05
1.64
0.02
3.98
15.48
0.99
0.17
2.85
0.01
19.49
0.06
3.35
3.41
916.29
Lithuania
Rep. of Moldova
Russia
150.34
157.72
0.32
0.01
606.08
1.81
Tajikistan
16.12
0.39
16.51
Turkmenistan
0.00
10.80
10.80
Ukraine
81.41
9.39
0.03
89.53
180.35
Uzbekistan
6.35
43.06
49.40
Bahrain
7.77
7.77
IR of Iran
11.10
141.47
152.57
Iraq
0.43
27.91
28.34
Israel
0.03
0.01
47.00
47.04
Jordan
0.04
0.00
8.45
8.50
Kuwait
39.80
39.80
Lebanon
1.36
9.18
10.55
Oman
10.71
10.71
Qatar
12.01
12.01
Saudi Arabia
153.00
153.00
Syria
2.80
26.74
29.54
UAE
49.54
49.54
Yemen
4.09
4.09
Non-OECD Total
411.98
1408.49
19.41
6.61
4925.82
31.24
6803.55
Table 7. GROSS ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS,

BY COUNTRY, 2003
(TWh)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases

Waste Waste
Gases
OECD Total
3170.38
571.94
9.51
90.75
561.24
1728.14
93.28
15.95
42.13
18.10
Non-OECD Total
World
2622.65
5793.03
187.56
759.50
0.89
10.40
22.56
113.31
590.49
1151.73
1496.56
3224.70
26.78
120.06
1.78
17.73
2.64
44.77
0.05
18.15
0.66
Australia
125.73
48.32
1.83
2.28
31.54
0.75
Austria
6.93
1.51
0.99
1.75
11.22
1.59
0.18
0.19
0.06
Belgium
9.64
1.97
1.01
21.61
0.38
0.28
0.79
0.17
Canada
34.29
78.41
0.38
17.41
33.93
8.41
0.02
0.73
5.64
45.33
0.67
0.37
3.06
0.37
0.02
0.11
Denmark
25.30
2.35
9.80
1.41
1.48
0.28
Finland
18.88
7.32
0.57
0.93
13.94
9.39
0.47
0.29
0.02
France
26.24
0.02
3.49
8.67
17.14
1.34
3.29
0.42
142.30
164.28
7.63
4.71
58.51
1.50
4.56
4.32
2.97
Greece
0.08
35.09
8.72
7.99
0.14
0.11
Hungary
0.26
8.91
0.08
1.63
11.88
0.11
0.07
0.02
Iceland
0.01
Ireland
6.20
2.03
2.45
13.06
0.09
Czech Republic
Germany
Italy
38.81
5.30
75.99
117.30
0.35
1.30
1.81
1.03
Japan
251.03
41.74
136.60
251.66
11.56
0.08
6.06
Korea
122.71
11.51
31.62
42.49
1.66
0.26
2.61
0.05
0.02
Mexico
30.54
0.68
70.80
77.47
2.43
0.02
Netherlands
24.34
3.13
2.86
56.88
0.98
2.63
0.29
New Zealand
3.33
0.02
10.05
0.40
0.13
Luxembourg
Norway
0.04
0.09
0.02
0.30
0.26
0.03
0.14
Poland
84.72
55.94
1.93
2.46
2.43
0.40
0.29
0.06
Portugal
14.53
6.16
7.74
1.22
0.00
0.55
0.00
3.55
2.41
0.43
0.71
2.40
0.08
0.00
0.03
0.00
64.60
10.12
1.23
24.00
39.37
2.10
..
0.66
0.76
2.75
0.16
1.28
3.87
0.51
5.27
0.11
0.31
0.04
0.07
0.92
0.03
7.83
23.59
0.83
9.20
63.54
0.05
0.04
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
1.44 e
-
0.15
0.03
138.24
2.07
7.02
148.64
1.55
1.55
3.62
United States
1981.87
98.00
2.91
137.56
670.19
39.71
8.46
16.18
6.32
OECD Total
3170.38
571.94
9.51
90.75
561.24
1728.14
93.28
15.95
42.13
18.10
OECD Europe
620.89
347.20
9.51
31.69
164.95
610.81
28.36
7.41
19.60
10.24
OECD Pacific
502.80
48.32
55.08
170.52
335.73
14.37
0.08
6.32
0.80
OECD N. America
2046.69
176.41
3.97
225.77
781.59
50.55
8.46
16.20
7.07

BY COUNTRY, 2003 (continued)
(TWh)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases

Waste Waste
Gases
Algeria
0.69
28.62
Angola
0.75
Benin
0.08
Cameroon
0.16
Congo
0.00
DR of Congo
0.02
Cte d'Ivoire
0.01
3.25
Egypt
5.24
73.46
Eritrea
0.28
Ethiopia
0.02
Gabon
0.34
0.25
0.01
Ghana
2.02
Kenya
0.82
Libya
15.09
3.86
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
12.25
4.20
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.04
Nigeria
4.59
7.76
Senegal
1.60
0.04
0.02
South Africa
Sudan
UR of Tanzania
214.34
0.00
0.26
2.19
0.07
0.12
Togo
0.05
Tunisia
1.07
11.14
Zambia
0.02
0.04
Zimbabwe
3.43
0.02
Other Africa
3.19
4.75
Argentina
0.22
0.71
1.01
47.60
1.05
0.81
0.79
0.09
Brazil
5.39
3.40
10.82
13.11
12.81
Chile
6.58
0.64
17.26
1.70
Colombia
3.69
0.14
0.12
6.42
0.55
Costa Rica
0.13
0.28
Cuba
15.01
0.00
0.80
2.85
9.39
0.02
0.05
3.43
0.94
Bolivia
Dominican Rep.
Ecuador
El Salvador
1.63
0.02
Guatemala
0.95
2.28
0.85
0.28
Honduras
2.34
0.02
Haiti

(TWh)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases

Waste Waste
Gases
Jamaica
6.93
0.10
N. Antilles
1.08
Nicaragua
2.04
0.10
Panama
2.73
0.02
Paraguay
0.77
2.23
1.19
0.20
Trinidad and Tobago
0.01
6.42
0.01
Uruguay
0.01
0.00
0.04
Venezuela
15.05
16.17
Oth. Lat. America
8.09
0.04
0.11
Bangladesh
1.33
17.26
Peru
Brunei
Hong Kong, China
India
Indonesia
0.03
2.81
27.60
0.18
7.73
416.30
16.50
29.08
72.80
1.88
46.46
28.15
22.92
7.40
0.89
1.02
Malaysia
11.26
3.41
58.01
Myanmar
0.42
3.54
Nepal
0.00
0.20
12.72
39.21
14.52
7.51
13.14
DPR of Korea
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
12.23
21.48
Sri Lanka
4.30
Chinese Taipei
110.45
2.21
18.15
29.29
0.52
2.64
Thailand
1.24
17.24
3.16
85.40
2.65
Vietnam
7.24
2.66
12.04
2.45
4.74
1506.01
8.89
57.42
5.58
2.47
Other Asia
PR of China
Albania
0.06
4.53
14.71
0.23
0.79
1.76
0.01
Cyprus
4.04
Gibraltar
0.13
Malta
2.24
Romania
23.34
0.30
3.63
9.70
0.00
Bulgaria
Bosnia-Herzegovina
3.56
2.17
0.12
Croatia
2.39
0.01
3.16
2.17
FYROM
5.34
0.02
Serbia-Montenegro
24.71
0.27
0.54
Slovenia
0.51
4.60
0.05
0.37
0.10
0.01
0.02

(TWh)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Gases
Solid
Biomass

Waste Waste
Gases
Armenia
1.52
Azerbaijan
7.60
11.22
Belarus
0.00
1.17
25.42
Estonia
9.35
0.02
0.04
0.70
0.02
0.01
-
Georgia
0.03
0.56
Kazakhstan
44.62
3.80
6.77
Kyrgyzstan
0.51
0.51
Latvia
0.02
0.08
1.53
0.01
0.02
Lithuania
0.33
2.52
0.01
Rep. of Moldova
Russia
0.19
0.02
3.15
95.63
69.05
0.84
6.69
27.12
406.76
0.04
1.77
Tajikistan
0.39
Turkmenistan
10.80
Ukraine
32.74
0.22
0.97
55.60
Uzbekistan
1.41
5.61
36.04
Bahrain
7.77
IR of Iran
24.42
117.06
Iraq
27.91
36.06
0.16
10.76
0.03
Jordan
7.71
0.75
Kuwait
31.86
7.95
Lebanon
9.18
Oman
1.93
8.79
Israel
Qatar
12.01
Saudi Arabia
82.02
70.98
Syria
12.31
14.43
UAE
0.30
49.24
Yemen
4.09
Non-OECD Total
2622.65
187.56
0.89
22.56
590.49
1496.56
26.78
1.78
2.64
0.05
Table 8. GROSS HEAT PRODUCTION(1) FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS,

BY COUNTRY, 2003
(PJ)
Hard
OECD Total
Non-OECD Total
World
Australia
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases

Waste Waste
Gases
624.32
123.76
45.15
28.66
177.96
1008.72
175.72
11.39
142.50
9.38
2715.14
3339.45
658.83
782.59
8.91
54.06
144.71
173.37
764.07
942.02
5201.87
6210.59
71.85
247.57
57.18
68.57
142.50
0.06
9.44
2.84
0.31
0.34
8.09
28.04
11.56
0.67
2.92
0.28
Belgium
21.11
1.84
0.06
Canada
3.65
32.78
0.01
30.36
61.10
5.09
6.69
38.58
2.55
0.31
2.35
0.09
Austria
Czech Republic
Denmark
36.91
7.94
41.90
16.06
22.88
0.98
Finland
36.20
33.37
0.59
13.20
47.61
30.53
6.50
2.03
0.27
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
27.45
90.16
38.24
3.92
16.34
214.95
26.57
1.01
0.91
8.47
3.07
3.67
46.38
0.12
0.42
0.03
Iceland
0.02
0.06
Ireland
Italy
Japan
0.69
1.30
13.02
0.15
4.13
Korea
29.03
0.51
61.60
42.80
4.68
Luxembourg
1.86
Mexico
4.83
2.34
99.73
0.12
7.85
0.10
Netherlands
New Zealand
5.37 e
1.81
0.09
Norway
0.40
0.00
2.12
0.27
0.79
0.23
5.81
0.01
Poland
321.30
6.56
7.67
8.83
20.21
2.47
0.88
0.30
3.13
6.32
3.79
8.07
0.16
0.92
39.40
0.67
0.09
0.26
0.02
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
3.83
11.78
2.94
15.07
7.98
86.18
1.24
19.95
0.87
0.02
Switzerland
0.88
11.95
Turkey
United Kingdom
12.62
1.04
5.31
54.19
2.06
United States
50.45
3.32
17.74
250.71
17.93
1.33
4.79
0.31
OECD Total
624.32
123.76
45.15
28.66
177.96
1008.72
175.72
11.39
142.50
9.38
OECD Europe
544.14
123.76
45.15
24.83
93.68
669.42
153.11
9.91
132.33
3.13
OECD Pacific
29.72
0.51
62.89
55.82
4.68
0.15
5.37
5.94
OECD N. America
50.45
3.32
21.39
283.48
17.93
1.33
4.80
0.31

(PJ)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases

Waste Waste
Gases
Jamaica
N. Antilles
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Venezuela
Oth. Lat. America
Bangladesh
Brunei
Hong Kong, China
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
Malaysia
Myanmar
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Chinese Taipei
Thailand
Vietnam
Other Asia
29.70
PR of China
Albania
Bulgaria
1527.70
36.08
142.17
54.57
12.48
0.05
0.22
10.73
14.65
0.04
2.05
25.75
Cyprus
Gibraltar
Malta
Romania
31.84
0.80
34.37
83.19
0.55
0.09
Bosnia-Herzegovina
3.16
3.47
Croatia
3.93
9.20
0.01
0.51
4.68
1.28
0.18
1.90
0.58
18.81
Slovenia
4.41
1.45
0.23
3.12
0.36
FYROM
Serbia-Montenegro

(PJ)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Gases
Solid
Biomass

Waste Waste
Gases
Armenia
1.44
Azerbaijan
7.47
16.03
Belarus
3.24
0.83
1.27
39.26
237.58
7.94
1.14
Estonia
0.09
7.11
0.95
2.56
11.88
2.97
0.04
Georgia
0.01
Kazakhstan
0.34
Kyrgyzstan
2.22
10.62
Latvia
0.22
0.39
2.60
25.55
4.77
Lithuania
0.20
0.01
0.08
5.38
32.56
3.38
0.02
Rep. of Moldova
Russia
0.16
0.24
6.45
866.85
569.52
6.22
107.79
487.43
4157.46
39.22
55.95
Tajikistan
3.67
Turkmenistan
5.21
Ukraine
303.39
15.41
400.69
Uzbekistan
2.70
12.36
93.34
Bahrain
IR of Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
UAE
Yemen
Non-OECD Total
2715.14
658.83
8.91
144.71
764.07
5201.87
71.85
57.18
0.06
Table 9. FUEL USE FOR ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION,(1)

BY COUNTRY, 2003
(PJ)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases

Waste
Waste
Gases
OECD Total
30968.7
5934.1
128.8
918.2
5076.5
16330.2
1211.9
182.4
736.4
222.9
Non-OECD Total
World
32434.5
63403.2
2761.1
8695.2
17.8
146.6
432.1
1350.3
7074.8
12151.3
22366.9
38697.1
410.0
1621.9
90.7
273.1
38.0
774.3
0.5
223.4
8.0
Australia
1179.3
631.8
22.3
23.0
362.0
23.6
Austria
58.6
14.1
9.8
23.0
117.6
31.0
2.9
5.8
1.5
Belgium
91.1
19.2
10.9
183.9 e
2.7
5.8
19.6
1.8
Canada
261.2 e
Czech Republic
86.1
796.2 e
4.2
181.8
363.9
80.7
0.4
8.0
498.3
13.2
12.3
73.1
8.2
0.3
3.3
0.8
3.0
Denmark
229.2
24.8
107.8
26.0
33.8
Finland
188.1
92.9
7.8
23.0
139.3
91.2
11.1
4.4
0.5
France
257.8
0.2
31.9 e
50.6
170.9
14.7
70.3
4.7
78.9 e
57.9
838.2
27.0 e
Germany
1355.2 e 1558.9 e
49.8
74.8 e
34.8 e
Greece
1.1
352.5
87.2
69.0
1.4
1.3
Hungary
3.9
106.6
4.9
20.0
165.4
1.5
1.5
0.1
Iceland
0.0
0.1
Ireland
55.6
21.5
24.3 e
109.4
0.8
Italy
371.6
Japan
2132.6
354.3
1049.1
Korea
1202.1
98.4
242.8
Mexico
269.4
12.6
Netherlands
236.7
New Zealand
31.6
Luxembourg
48.6 e
687.9 e
980.8
17.6 e
29.0
10.7
85.6
0.8
52.2
4.2
15.1
11.7 e
2.6
20.0
1.3
0.2
726.2 e
845.4
45.1
0.4
29.7
26.6
532.8
9.5
53.3
2.7
0.2
86.2
5.3
1.4
2292.8
352.0 e
3.9 e
Norway
0.6
0.5
2.3
2.1
2.6
0.5
8.0
0.0
Poland
1147.2
518.3
25.8
29.1 e
50.6
5.8
3.0
0.7
131.4
57.8
65.5
7.6
0.2
7.9
0.0
38.8
41.5
2.6
5.1
63.6
1.3
0.1
1.1
0.1
612.1
110.4
13.7
204.8 e
247.8
20.2
..
9.5
9.5
19.5
14.4
11.4
36.9
14.0
125.2
2.0
24.4
1.2
27.7
1.0 e
0.3 e
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.7
9.6
1.7 e
77.7
265.3
20.7
88.2
509.9
1.2 e
0.4 e
1329.9
43.3
32.0
1241.6
23.1
20.9
44.7
United States
19600.6
1039.9
64.6
1347.9 e
6315.1
552.5
86.5
275.6
77.8
OECD Total
30968.7
5934.1
128.8
918.2
5076.5
16330.2
1211.9
182.4
736.4
222.9
OECD Europe
6292.0
3466.1
128.8
362.0
1505.4
5712.8
404.2
95.2
396.4
120.5
OECD Pacific
4545.5
631.8
474.9
1315.1
3093.0
129.5
0.8
64.0
16.2
OECD N. America 20131.3

1836.2
81.3
2256.0
7524.4
678.3
86.5
276.0
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries and IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries .
86.2
(1) Covers use in Electricity, CHP and Heat plants (corresponding to heat sold). Data are not available for 2004.

(PJ)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Gases
Solid
Biomass

Waste
Waste
Gases
Algeria
8.1
400.2
Angola
9.9
Benin
0.9
Cameroon
1.6
Congo
DR of Congo
0.3
Cte d'Ivoire
0.1
38.8
Egypt
63.5
668.1
Eritrea
2.5
Ethiopia
0.2
Gabon
3.1
4.5
0.2
Ghana
24.3
Kenya
12.7
Libya
215.7
48.5
108.0
43.4
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.5
Nigeria
50.3
103.5
Senegal
16.6
0.4
2.2
2109.0
0.1
3.7
33.3
South Africa
Sudan
UR of Tanzania
0.9
2.4
Togo
0.7
Tunisia
14.0
115.6
Zambia
0.3
0.4
Zimbabwe
48.4
0.2
Other Africa
32.8
56.7
Argentina
2.3
8.6
15.5
448.9
14.8
14.1
18.1
1.3
Brazil
65.3
40.0
111.7
116.2
97.2
Chile
75.2
6.4
119.1
17.0
Colombia
36.0
1.4
1.4
68.2
5.6
Costa Rica
2.0
4.1
Cuba
213.9
0.0
7.2
27.2
81.4
0.2
1.4
34.1
9.4
Bolivia
Dominican Rep.
Ecuador
El Salvador
17.1
4.2
Guatemala
9.5
23.2
13.9
2.3
Honduras
21.0
1.8
Haiti

(PJ)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Solid
Biomass
Gases

Waste
Waste
Gases
Jamaica
74.4
6.1
N. Antilles
10.1
Nicaragua
19.8
2.0
Panama
26.3
0.6
Paraguay
9.2
23.6
15.3
2.8
Trinidad and T.
0.1
93.6
1.0
Uruguay
0.2
0.0
0.4
Venezuela
160.3
209.7
Peru
Oth. Lat. America
75.7
0.5
2.3
Bangladesh
18.7
196.7
Brunei
Hong Kong, China
India
Indonesia
DPR of Korea
0.3
45.1
264.3
2.0
57.6
5306.9
349.4
310.3
573.2
45.1
592.2
294.5
215.7
95.9
11.8
18.4
Malaysia
131.5
33.4
475.3
Myanmar
4.6
38.8
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
0.0
3.5
112.1
418.6
152.0
67.6
101.1
Singapore
122.3
208.6
Sri Lanka
41.2
Chinese Taipei
1096.9
20.4
167.4
235.5
7.5
38.0
Thailand
13.8
171.5
29.9
820.4
29.3
Vietnam
72.0
31.2
125.1
32.0
33.1
Other Asia
PR of China
Albania
Bulgaria
18346.9
150.2
775.5
131.1
56.4
0.1
1.5
61.5
180.6
1.7
10.8
46.3
0.1
Cyprus
44.0
Gibraltar
1.3
Malta
23.9
Romania
254.9
4.6
67.5
217.6
0.7
0.1
Bosnia-H.
58.0
20.8
6.2
5.5
Croatia
22.2
0.1
34.2
29.4
FYROM
51.8
5.5
1.7
0.2
Serbia-Montenegro
300.6
3.9
29.8
Slovenia
8.6
48.9
0.7
6.9
1.3
0.0
0.2

(PJ)
Hard
Coal
Brown
Peat
Oil
Gas
Gases
Solid
Biomass

Waste
Waste
Gases
Armenia
17.4
Azerbaijan
92.0
150.1
Belarus
5.0
0.9
1.5
56.4
527.0
11.5
1.2
Estonia
0.1
105.5
1.3
3.8
19.5
3.8
0.1
-
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
1.1
6.0
708.6
22.1
78.9
6.2
17.9
Latvia
0.3
0.7
3.3
39.7
12.6
0.2
Lithuania
0.3
0.0
0.1
9.4
59.4
5.1
0.0
Rep. of Moldova
Russia
2.5
0.9
53.5
1922.8
1205.8
14.2
205.1
847.5
9229.3
46.8
89.3
Tajikistan
9.4
Turkmenistan
193.9
Ukraine
706.1
2.2
43.9
1208.7
Uzbekistan
22.2
77.2
566.9
Bahrain
136.6
IR of Iran
263.7
1191.1
Iraq
303.8
332.1
1.8
98.4
0.3
Jordan
64.6
9.9
Kuwait
294.9
81.7
Israel
Lebanon
99.9
Oman
27.8
141.5
Qatar
186.4
Saudi Arabia
830.7
1063.0
Syria
123.2
156.1
UAE
4.2
764.0
Yemen
47.8
Non-OECD Total 32434.5

2761.1
17.8
432.1
7074.8
22366.9
410.0
90.7
38.0
0.5
Table 10. ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, OECD, 1973-2003

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
Nuclear
188.5
620.7
1724.8
2244.4
2276.0
2223.4
13.9
2.0
Hydro
925.6
1100.4
1213.0
1386.9
1335.1
1317.3
1.6
0.6
13.2
15.7
42.8
68.5
70.2
75.5
7.2
4.5
6.6
11.1
28.7
33.0
32.9
34.3
9.0
1.4
0.7
0.7
0.9
1.1
3.7
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.4
-0.3
of which:
Pumped Storage Production
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
3.8
28.5
48.3
58.3
23.3
Other (e.g. Fuel cells)
0.0
0.1
1.8
1.9
1.9
23.4
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew. & Waste
Gross Production
Own Use by Power Plant
Net Production
(1)
Used for Heat Pumps

Used for Electric Boilers
3346.0
3927.1
4635.5
5961.6
6133.6
6301.4
1.9
2.4
1693.5
2317.0
3059.8
3710.9
3714.1
3842.6
3.5
1.8
1125.2
978.7
692.7
579.0
555.9
561.2
-2.8
-1.6
520.2
617.7
764.6
1524.4
1702.8
1728.1
2.3
6.5
7.2
13.7
118.4
147.4
160.8
169.5
18.0
2.8
4467.3
5659.8
7607.3
9657.5
9829.3
9938.3
3.2
2.1
219.2
293.9
405.3
488.0
452.3
458.7
3.7
1.0
4248.1
5365.9
7201.9
9169.5
9377.1
9479.6
3.2
2.1
0.4
3.0
2.2
2.2
13.5
0.8
3.8
3.1
2.0
7.2
Used for Pumped Storage
19.1
25.5
65.7
92.4
98.7
97.6
7.5
3.1
Imports
87.7
140.3
255.3
342.7
359.9
371.9
6.5
2.9
Exports
81.4
124.6
231.9
339.6
340.3
353.5
6.3
3.3
(2)
4235.2
5356.1
7158.4
9073.5
9292.7
9396.2
3.1
2.1
Transmission & Dist'n Losses

Energy Sector Consumption(3)
349.1
437.7
580.8
613.8
679.4
669.8
3.0
1.1
128.7
179.1
211.3
232.0
245.5
253.4
3.0
1.4
Final Consumption
3757.5
4739.4
6366.3
8227.8
8367.8
8472.9
3.2
2.2
Other commonly reported data series:

Electricity Generated(5)
4454.0
5644.1
7564.5
9589.0
9759.1
9862.8
3.2
2.1
4473.6
5675.6
7630.7
9660.6
9848.9
9956.7
3.2
2.1
3886.2
4918.4
6577.6
8459.7
8613.3
8726.4
3.1
2.2
Electrical Energy Supplied
(4)
Electricity Requirements(6)
Electricity Consumed(7)
(1) Net Production = Gross Production - Own Use by Power Plants.

(2) Electrical Energy Supplied = Net Production - Used for Heat Pumps, Electric Boilers and Pumped Storage + Imports - Exports.
Note: This includes electricity generation from main activity producer power plants and autoproducers.
(3) Energy Sector Consumption = electricity consumed by transformation industries for heating, traction and lighting purposes;
excludes Own Use by Power Plant, Used for Heat Pumps, Electric Boilers and Pumped Storage.
(4) Final Consumption = Electrical Energy Supplied - Transmission and Distribution Losses - Energy Sector Consumption.
(5) Electricity Generated = Gross Production - Amount of electricity produced in Pumped Storage Plants.
(6) Electricity Requirements = Gross Production + Imports - Exports.
(7) Electricity Consumed = Electrical Energy Supplied - Transmission and Distribution Losses.
= Final Consumption + Energy Sector Consumption.
Table 11. NET MAXIMUM ELECTRICITY CAPACITY,

OECD, BY FUEL, 1974-2003
(GW)
1974
1985
Total(1)
993.32
1530.87
Nuclear
52.92
205.05
265.03
302.09
314.09
313.14
178.80
341.30
369.18 e
420.25 e
421.04 e
421.32 e
4.6
1.0
..
32.43
44.04
82.42 e
..
4.9
0.64
2.86
4.46
5.39
5.72 e
5.88
12.9
2.1
0.02
0.35
0.81
0.87 e
1.04 e
8.8
0.24
0.26
0.26
0.26 e
0.26
0.26
0.06
2.39
Hydro
of which: Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
1990
2000
2002
2003
1700.04 e
2057.28 e
2269.93 e
2351.58 e
Average annual
percent change
74-90
90-03
84.93 e
15.42
0.30
760.72
981.32
1058.36
1312.76
83.45
28.39
35.44 e
0.25
1499.31 e
3.4
2.5
10.6
1.3
0.5
23.1
0.37 e
1574.13 e
2.1
3.1
of which:
Single fuel fired:
Coal and Coal Products
316.00
396.12
436.75
508.17 e
471.38 e
487.84 e
2.0
0.9
Liquid Fuels
226.49
217.41
194.46
163.55 e
147.80 e
148.49 e
-0.9
-2.1
Natural Gas
74.58
43.46
76.01
219.50 e
322.63 e
376.27 e
0.1
13.1
0.16
2.89
10.07
17.38 e
17.37 e
21.85 e
29.5
6.1
Solid / Liquid
43.31
86.73
85.94
73.96 e
62.62 e
62.31 e
4.4
-2.4
Solid / Natural Gas
17.96
30.98
34.49
9.72 e
4.26 e
4.35 e
4.2
-14.7
Liquid / Natural Gas
68.16
186.77
175.84
217.79 e
239.89 e
262.12 e
6.1
3.1
16.96
17.87
18.31 e
11.63 e
11.63 e
4.2
-3.3

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid / Gas

9.29
Source: IEA/OECD Electricity Statistics.
(1) 1974 is the first year the data are available.
Note: Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for data coverage.
Prior to 1993, excludes the Czech Republic.
Prior to 1995, excludes the Slovak Republic.
Split between single and multi-fired plants is not available for the Czech Republic.
Split between single and multi-fired plants is not available for the Slovak Republic prior 2001.
Prior to 1994, excludes Korea.
From 1990, excludes single and multi-fuel fired for Sweden.
Prior to 1991, excludes new federal German states.
Prior to 1982, split between single and multi-fired plants is not available for Mexico.
Table 12. ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND HEAT SOLD, OECD, 1974 - 2003
Average annual
percent change
74-90
90-03
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
4503.3
4325.7
177.6
4138.8
3986.7
152.1
364.5
339.0
..
5644.1
5396.1
248.0
5277.6
5063.0
214.6
366.5
333.1
..
7564.5
7041.1
523.3
6949.5
6700.9
248.6
614.9
340.2
274.7
9589.0
8715.1
873.9
8945.4
8391.6
553.8
643.6
323.5
320.1
9759.1
8794.9
964.2
9119.6
8483.6
636.0
639.5
311.3
328.2
9862.8
8876.6
986.2
9189.6
8546.9
642.7
673.2
329.7
343.5
3.3
3.1
7.0
3.3
3.3
3.1
3.3
0.0
..
2.1
1.8
5.0
2.2
1.9
7.6
0.7
-0.2
1.7
1084.3
766.8
317.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
1671.3
1159.6
511.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
1866.0
1288.6
577.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
2154.6
1566.3
588.3
1827.0
1453.7
373.3
327.7
112.7
215.0
2279.4
1759.6
519.7
1918.5
1542.9
375.6
360.8
216.7
144.1
2396.3
1891.3
505.0
2034.9
1660.1
374.7
361.5
231.2
130.3
3.5
3.3
3.8
..
..
..
..
..
..
1.9
3.0
-1.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
Electricity Generation (TWh)

Total(1)
of which: Electricity Plants
CHP Plants
Main Activity Producers
CHP Plants
Autoproducers(1)
CHP Plants
Heat sold to third parties (PJ)
Total(2)
of which: CHP Plants
Heat Plants
Heat Plants
Autoproducers
Heat Plants
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries.

(1) Excludes pumped storage production. Break in series: data related to United States autoproducers plants included
from 1989.
(2) Includes own use in main activity producer plants. Break in series: data related to United States autoproducers CHP plants
included from 1989.
Table 13. ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS

IN ELECTRICITY PLANTS(1), OECD, 1980 - 2003
1980
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
710657
902552
988629
1146419
1145592
1160046
1199277
17621704
21946894
23917964
27521879
28038722
27525021
28215202
1749677
2285314
2441886
2859431
2769339
2859377
2956447
Hard Coal(2) and Patent Fuel

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Electricity Production (GWh)
Brown Coal/Lignite/BKB
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
408193
507810
475999
498028
505509
510145
501485
3933268
4990439
4827463
5039277
5158607
5190832
5200372
353011
465996
441371
477020
481507
490556
497925
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
3534
4951
5232
3532
5428
5191
6074
29600
41468
47864
29315
50589
46903
56981
2236
3514
4200
2834
5132
4729
5442
582015
519770
483791
601241
573868
596342
608867
53218
52567
49520
62925
62420
62999
62998
Coke Oven/Blast Furnace Gas

Fuel Input (TJ)
Liquid Fuels/Refinery Gas
219296
146607
129014
118159
114877
108405
111227
9046419
6319217
5472149
5000049
4811467
4514568
4603176
923424
655916
583106
513220
490089
466738
474006
6250695
6173017
7417535
10463515
10758852
11329540
11312931
587343
605950
759030
1111887
1150415
1233173
1256320
Fuel Input (TJ)
9630
305026
305517
332523
331763
390896
439612
1300
24229
27096
32175
29576
33553
37655
24560
24105
51188
62013
78135
79435
103327
2585
2654
4914
5631
7031
8597
9318
39301
236137
303323
357379
378077
416336
409829
3568
15650
20580
27313
28197
29268
29928
379
6176
60690
126091
150432
164285
183411
32
535
4882
10459
12099
13506
15168
37537571
40562249
42887484
49533282
50330512
50254158
51133708

3679186
4112325
4336585
5102895
5035805
5202496
5345207
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Natural Gas/Gasworks Gas
Fuel Input (TJ)
Solid Biomass/Animal Products
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Gases/Liquids from Biomass
Fuel Input (TJ)
Total Combustible Fuels(3)
Fuel Input (TJ)
(1) Excludes CHP plant. Please refer to notes in Principles and Definition in Part II.
(2) Includes sub-bituminous coal for Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand,
Portugal and the United States.
(3) Includes non-specified combustible fuels not shown in this table.
Table 14. ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCED FOR SALE FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS
IN CHP PLANTS, OECD, 1980 - 2003
1980
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
95159
97730
102141
97457
96463
98186
107233

Fuel Input (1000 t)
1933892
2168054
2370521
2309328
2256723
2306081
2491699
125653
172998
204242
205411
191116
194355
213933
CHP Heat Production (TJ)
566114
567971
538726
436053
472117
461755
480897
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
55527
98597
88073
88450
82666
80958
87224
452337
835235
797606
819061
763259
734639
799735
25901
59631
64775
73319
71334
69939
74012
161041
221231
160719
162715
113894
100333
115932
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
3192
6077
3943
3846
4499
5208
5930
26726
51754
43340
40354
47484
55516
63417
4194
6717
3535
2968
3322
3876
4069
6866
15789
23039
23226
28035
32689
37629
61263
182565
326733
318517
357364
299230
302153
3120
13070
22723
27016
32368
28287
27747
25865
26575
28751
18284
24821
23215
23985

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
16886
9387
22596
15468
15159
26968
21751
680827
380570
948189
604001
589733
932772
805767
55294
36811
72065
65736
59856
89159
87236
217857
97616
129585
74766
84891
111500
133026

396231
1841321
3779151
3962782
4224475
4586417
4670945
30356
158600
308433
412485
437092
469655
471817
97176
176217
539007
642764
752390
803192
843599
701133
Fuel Input (TJ)

25368
775097
1298281
611993
620555
741803
1970
51245
46257
51170
48279
53602
55624
7069
12255
56580
75536
79997
86779
115190
5289
8300
127049
81513
78703
93421
72194
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
161
256
4376
7853
7269
7602
6632
3077
3644
4356
5865
6930
9026
5124
289321
Municipal Waste
21105
88002
196901
240641
251542
271381
Fuel Input (TJ)
1313
2869
5775
10123
10343
11408
12199
3895
39666
79516
105344
101277
107221
116301
Fuel Input (TJ)
5284
15314
26796
29878
37155
31888
502
1316
2646
2541
3259
2934
123
1426
4212
2948
2852
2803
3603038
6336182
9903085
9014986
9219716
10058415
10228252
247962
523193
733497
858727
863520
931142
956203

1137281
1263107
1561705
1548765
1667300
1738562
1874486

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1) Includes sub-bit. coal for Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and the U.S.
Table 15. HEAT PRODUCED FOR SALE FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS

IN HEAT PLANTS, OECD, 1980 - 2003
1980
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
18562
19503
13467
8800
8978
8305
7801
Fuel Input (TJ)
418375
415484
306969
203176
203571
192271
179381
Heat Production (TJ)
281870
299739
228813
151495
162097
153029
143418

Fuel Input (1000 t)
4739
4361
4092
1983
897
896
884
Fuel Input (TJ)
54336
49602
49089
25359
11724
11309
10842
39968
37793
17079
8374
8716
8379
7831
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
1579
733
582
564
697
739
Fuel Input (TJ)
15507
8639
6587
6164
8175
8646
13871
8029
5730
5359
6805
7519
Fuel Input (TJ)
7266
5900
8374
18963
12162
10571
9618
5116
4180
4573
11067
8762
5388
4674

2233
1665
2716
2069
1938
1433
1284
Fuel Input (TJ)
92509
68521
112565
85065
79601
58847
52410
70446
55729
80286
66858
64875
49952
44929
111244
133304
211668
253094
211591
216517
211051
79694
99904
130538
163282
160463
167262
165119
1073
23943
42850
59949
68938
67609
71143
750
19779
37977
51381
59974
55371
60527
Fuel Input (TJ)
476
261
10679
23818
23959
6598
6835
323
188
8396
19880
21224
5627
6268
Fuel Input (TJ)
26121
68860
58811
90550
95936
38461
37199
14148
42160
40678
68019
72902
26304
26201
1406
4712
7082
7325
7219
7562
1000
3924
6250
6552
6448
6573
711400
782788
814356
773643
720971
617577
594687

511039
574343
560293
552336
570924
484565
473059
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
(1) Includes sub-bit. coal for Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and the U.S.
Table16. IEA ELECTRICITY GENERATING CAPACITY, 1974-2003

(GW)
Coal(1)
Comb. Renew. and Waste
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1974
11.65
1.60
4.56
10.91
..
2.94
2.85
14.28
39.94
1.34
2.33
0.50
9.55
8.84
..
0.16
2.20
0.20
0.01
0.26
3.90
1.00
48.60
201.11
1990
23.02
1.89
4.90
19.24
..
7.54
5.79
14.23
42.73
3.89
2.24
1.31
9.03
40.47
..
0.09
3.77
1.09
0.05
1.47
10.41
..
5.58
41.17
307.96
2000
28.11
2.16
2.47
..
..
5.80
7.71
14.29
51.59
4.49
2.02
1.26
12.56
51.78
14.44
4.18
1.01
0.08
1.99
11.36
..
7.40
33.37
321.06
IEA Total
368.73
547.85
579.13 e
e
e
2003
27.66
2.17
2.16
..
10.40
6.72
7.90
14.59
..
4.81
2.03
1.16
13.78
40.99
16.41
..
1.08
0.07
1.99
..
1.12
8.70
29.14
337.99
530.86 e
1974
0.02
..
..
0.00
0.07
0.01
0.06
1990
..
..
0.08
0.91
..
0.10
0.91
0.05
0.13
..
..
0.01
0.07
0.01
0.10
..
0.12
7.58
2000
0.94
0.33
0.18
..
..
0.14
0.47
1.94
0.04
0.02
0.69
..
0.48
0.01
0.10
0.14
0.07
0.46
..
0.28
0.02
0.79
10.27
0.16
10.07
17.37 e
1974
1.43
0.51
1.25
4.66
..
3.01
1.16
9.71
9.06
1.22
0.12
0.11
1.09
9.52
64.80
..
0.02
1.11
0.24
0.15
0.53
6.64
7.39
0.59
1.28
18.93
80.45
1990
1.07
0.10
0.47
7.15
..
0.85
0.97
7.86
6.05
2.15
0.20
0.14
0.59
16.44
50.83
..
0.01
0.04
0.34
0.14
2.57
7.65
..
0.80
1.75
15.92
56.02
2000
2.18
0.18
0.53
..
..
1.97
0.99
10.41
4.14
1.97
0.58
0.15
0.84
14.56
51.12
8.53
0.02
0.01
2.34
8.14
..
0.55
1.59
5.19
35.55
e
e
2003
1.48
0.27
0.49
0.26
0.07
0.92
0.99
10.54
..
2.16
0.41
0.15
0.92
11.94
41.45
9.67
..
0.09
0.02
2.28
..
4.41
0.14
2.73
5.37
40.95
e
e
IEA Total
224.98
180.09
151.53 e 137.72 e
Source: IEA Country Submission (2003). IEA Total includes Iceland.
(1) Includes multi-fired units.
(2) Includes Tide, Wave, Ocean and Other (e.g. Fuel cells).
2003
0.86
0.31
0.23
3.51
0.20
0.17
0.51
..
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.92
..
0.07
0.01
0.09
0.12
0.08
..
1.50
0.41
0.03
1.08
11.62
e
e
21.82 e
Natural Gas(1)
Oil
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1974
0.82
0.90
1.84
2.52
..
0.22
2.16
9.10
0.10
1.44
3.47
3.10
..
9.74
0.53
106.82
1990
3.09
2.76
1.79
3.90
..
0.31
1.48
0.58
18.75
0.02
2.93
1.39
11.69
15.62
..
13.16
0.86
2.04
..
2.21
0.73
165.11
2000
5.81
3.47
5.37
..
..
2.32
2.01
1.63
23.12
1.11
3.78
1.95
26.23
35.27
13.37
0.07
15.87
1.60
0.04
1.87
6.28
..
0.04
7.04
21.87
243.24
142.74
248.40
423.34 e
e
e
2003
10.53
3.42
5.49
6.81
0.76
2.38
2.01
1.74
..
1.61
3.91
2.66
29.22
57.94
14.91
0.44
..
1.52
0.04
2.40
..
0.35
0.37
11.51
26.28
428.46
e
e
614.75 e
Table 16. IEA ELECTRICITY GENERATING CAPACITY, 1974-2003 (continued)

(GW)
Hydro
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
IEA Total
1974
5.32
5.98
0.44
36.78
..
0.01
2.27
16.09
4.81
1.29
0.02
0.38
0.51
14.87
23.55
..
0.91
3.48
16.08
2.12
11.65
12.31
11.72
1.45
2.41
174.45
Nuclear
1990
8.32 e
10.95
1.40
59.38
..
0.01
2.62
24.75
6.85
2.41
0.05
0.76
0.51
18.77
37.83
..
1.13
0.04
4.62
26.88
3.34
16.23
16.33
13.13
6.76
3.90
92.36
2000
9.20 e
11.55
1.41
67.41
2.10
0.01
2.88
25.22
8.98
3.07
0.05
1.06
0.53
20.35
46.32
3.15
1.14
0.04
5.19
28.13 e
4.53
17.96
16.53
14.90
11.18
4.27
98.88
2003
9.28 e
13.75
1.42
70.37
2.15
0.01
2.96
25.24
8.26
3.08
0.05
1.16
0.53
20.66
46.71
3.88
1.14
0.04
5.32
27.92 e
4.59
18.04
16.14
14.97
12.58
4.26
92.39
1974
0.01
2.67
..
2.89
3.29
0.55
3.91
..
0.50
1.09
1.06
1.01
4.28
31.66
1990
5.50
13.54
..
2.36
55.75
22.41
1.76
31.65
..
0.51
6.97
9.97
2.95
11.35
99.64
2000
5.71
10.62
1.76
2.64
63.18
22.40
1.85
45.25
13.72
0.45
7.50
9.46
3.20
12.49
97.86
2003
5.76
10.62
3.76
2.67
63.36
21.44
1.87
45.74
15.72
0.45
7.58
9.44
3.22
12.10
105.42
359.33 e
406.01 e
406.89 e
52.92
264.36
298.08
309.14
Geothermal/Solar/Wind(2)
2003
0.23
0.35
0.07
0.36
0.01
3.12
0.05
0.47
15.00
0.37
0.00
0.20
0.16
1.79
1.04
0.03
0.04
1.00
0.54
0.13 e
0.28
5.97
0.40
0.03 e
0.03
0.75
9.54
1974
19.25
8.98
8.11
57.53
..
5.96
6.50
45.38
66.20
3.94
3.91
0.49
2.09
38.34
104.21
..
1.08
13.56
4.60
16.24
2.91
23.36
20.77
13.32
3.73
74.22
420.10
IEA Total
0.81
6.76
21.31 e
41.97 e
Source: IEA Country Submission (2003). IEA Total includes Iceland.
964.78
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1974
..
0.24
0.00
0.38
0.02
..
0.16
-
1990
0.01
0.02
..
0.34
0.24
0.05
0.00
0.05
0.50
0.27
..
0.06
0.26
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
4.92
2000
0.06
0.06
0.01
0.12 e
0.00
2.42
0.04
0.30
6.21
0.23
0.17
0.12
1.13
0.62
0.01
0.02
0.50
0.55
0.02
0.10
2.22
0.21
0.02
0.04
0.42
5.73
Total
1990
35.50 e
16.69
14.14
104.14
..
9.14
13.22
103.41
97.75
8.51
7.18
0.94
3.81
56.56
194.73
..
1.24
17.56
7.18
27.13
7.40
43.42
34.19
16.88
16.32
73.21
733.59
2000
2003
46.30 e
50.03 e
17.74
20.28
15.69
15.62
111.32
118.27
15.32
17.34
12.65
13.32
16.26
16.57
115.50
116.45
118.38
125.06
10.90
12.08
8.28
8.31
1.38
1.51
4.71
5.46
75.51
78.31
260.16
269.72
53.69
60.68
1.23
1.63
21.06
20.90
8.46
8.64
28.42
28.29 e
10.90
11.62
53.92
68.91
33.72
33.36
18.99
19.12 e
27.26
35.59
78.39
78.98
812.59
1026.37
1643.81 e 1978.75 e 2262.41 e
(1) Includes multi-fired units.

(2) Includes Tide, Wave, Ocean and Other (e.g. Fuel cells).
Table 17. OECD ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, BY COUNTRY, 1960-2003

(TWh)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany(1)
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Total
OECD Europe
OECD Pacific
OECD North America
1960
17.6
11.6
13.4
98.9
..
4.6
8.0
65.2
106.5
1.9
..
0.5
1.9
47.6
99.3
..
1.4
..
14.7
5.7
27.2
24.0
2.8
..
14.6
29.3
15.9
2.4
117.5
688.0
..
..
..
..
1973
1990
52.5
134.3
25.9
43.2
35.8
59.1
223.2
433.0
34.1
53.0
16.1
28.9
27.2
59.5
160.0
323.3
337.6
481.0
13.0
29.7
18.6
33.0
2.1
3.9
6.2
12.0
125.8
218.8
421.7
758.4
12.8 e
94.4
3.0
4.1
31.6
100.2
46.1
75.5
15.9
27.8
61.0
97.4
67.2
109.2
8.3
24.0
12.3
23.4
60.7
129.2
69.4
130.7
29.0
47.0
10.5
46.8
242.5
284.4
1715.9
2712.6
3886.2
6577.6
1412.6
2316.9
502.9
1015.0
1970.7
3245.7
2000
179.9
53.0
79.2
503.4
52.3
33.1
76.4
410.7
505.4
45.0
30.9
7.1
20.3
279.3
956.6
233.5
5.7
166.4
100.8
33.8
110.5
108.8
38.9
22.5
194.7
131.1
52.4
98.3
340.3
3589.6
8459.7
2796.5
1403.8
4259.4
e
e
Average annual
percent change
2001
2002
2003
60-73
73-03
188.0 e
196.6
197.3
8.8
4.5
55.1
56.1
61.9
6.4
3.0
79.8
80.4
82.1
7.9
2.8
502.7
512.4
527.7
6.5
2.9
53.8
53.7
54.8
..
1.6
33.2
33.2
33.2
10.1
2.4
78.1
80.6
81.8
9.9
3.7
421.3
419.7
437.3
7.1
3.4
520.9 e
514.2 e
526.7 e
9.3
1.5
46.4
48.5
50.7
16.0
4.6
32.2
33.3
34.1
..
2.0
7.4
7.7
7.7
12.4
4.5
21.0
21.9
22.6
9.7
4.4
285.5
291.0
299.8
7.8
2.9
940.4
956.3
946.8
11.8
2.7
250.4
300.8 e
318.1
..
11.3
5.6
5.7
6.0
6.2
2.4
168.7
173.0
173.2
..
5.8
103.0
104.1
105.6
9.2
2.8
33.2
34.6
34.3
8.3
2.6
113.2
110.0
104.1
6.4
1.8
109.1
107.7
111.6
8.2
1.7
40.5
42.1
43.8
8.8
5.7
24.3
24.4 e
24.2 e
..
2.3
207.3
211.9
224.3
11.6
4.5
134.6
133.2
132.2
6.9
2.2
54.0
53.8
55.1
4.7
2.2
97.1
102.9
111.8
12.1
8.2
342.8
344.3
348.2
5.7
1.2
3554.2
3559.3
3569.6
7.3
2.5
8504.0
8613.3
8726.4
..
2.7
2866.4
2880.3
2959.3
..
2.5
1412.0
1488.3
1496.5
..
3.7
4225.6
4244.7
4270.5
..
2.6

(1) Includes data for new federal German states, except for 1960.
Note: Electricity Consumption = Gross Production + Imports - Exports - Own Use by Power Plants - Electricity used for Pumped
Storage - Used for Heat Pumps - Used for Electric Boilers - Transmission and Distribution Losses.
= Final consumption + Energy Sector Consumption.
Table 18. ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, OECD, BY SECTOR, 1973-2003

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-03
Total Consumption (TWh)
3886.18
4918.43
6577.61
8459.71
8503.98
8613.26
8726.37
2.7
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
Services
Residential
Energy(1)
Sector Non Specified
1836.12
61.47
43.99
726.76
1081.93
128.67
7.23
2159.62
70.33
50.65
1004.68
1443.12
179.06
10.97
2587.88
89.76
68.25
1649.01
1960.82
211.34
10.56
3218.88
107.57
79.80
2339.87
2476.89
231.96
4.73
3128.62
108.43
81.15
2408.74
2525.54
243.82
7.68
3202.46
107.94
78.48
2360.73
2610.75
245.49
7.43
3214.76
109.41
81.51
2402.66
2656.17
253.45
8.41
1.9
1.9
2.1
4.1
3.0
2.3
0.5
334.21
422.98
565.67
727.53
731.34
740.74
750.47
2.7
Total Consumption (Mtoe)

(1) Includes use in Coal Mines, Oil and Gas Extraction, Petroleum Refineries and elsewhere in the Energy Sector and excludes
Own Use in Electricity, CHP and Heat Plants and electricity used for Pumped Storage.
Note: The final consumption of electricity reported in Table 13 of OECD in Part II excludes energy consumed in the Energy
Sector.
Table 19. ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, OECD, BY INDUSTRY, 1973-2003

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-03
1836.12
2159.62
2587.88
3218.88
3128.62
3202.46
3214.76
1.9
Iron and Steel

Chemical and Petrochemical
Non-Ferrous Metals
Non-Metallic Minerals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Mining and Quarrying
Food and Tobacco
Paper, Pulp and Print
Wood and Wood Products
Construction
Textiles and Leather
Non Specified/Other
256.99
382.27
224.78
92.94
67.37
120.69
56.45
85.23
163.52
32.68
6.77
85.78
260.66
288.74
412.01
278.44
112.96
80.34
149.63
66.50
111.04
197.23
42.13
10.10
89.50
321.00
285.06
510.66
221.78
133.74
75.82
272.57
98.51
157.04
319.11
53.53
12.60
93.48
353.98
331.00
576.35
290.35
161.81
110.83
308.24
102.90
209.12
388.51
59.84
15.06
103.88
561.01
318.98
563.85
295.47
164.34
107.43
308.78
99.72
215.62
384.23
58.46
15.80
102.72
493.20
330.06
569.25
299.64
163.63
113.74
297.36
102.21
219.21
384.87
58.35
16.20
92.81
555.13
331.39
564.62
303.87
161.24
113.72
297.34
97.95
222.81
385.83
57.56
16.92
100.29
561.24
0.9
1.3
1.0
1.9
1.8
3.1
1.9
3.3
2.9
1.9
3.1
0.5
2.6
Total Industry (Mtoe)
157.91
185.73
222.56
276.82
269.06
275.41
276.47
1.9
Total Industry (TWh)
Table 20. OECD FINAL CONSUMPTION OF HEAT, BY COUNTRY, 1980-2003

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Austria
0.19
0.61
0.85
1.05
1.24
1.19
1.29
8.8
Belgium
0.39
0.22
0.22
0.49
0.48
0.47
0.51
1.1
Canada
1.03
0.63
0.71
0.81
0.85
0.85
0.87
-0.7
Australia
1980-2003
Czech Republic
1.37
1.45
3.66
2.62
2.79
2.64
2.65
2.9
Denmark
0.59
1.76
2.24
2.25
2.43
2.41
2.46
6.4
Finland
1.14
1.91
2.13
2.78
3.04
3.21
3.79
5.3
France
0.24
0.48
0.55
0.57
0.59
0.62
0.66
4.5
Germany
7.69
9.15
8.74
6.83
6.94
6.84
8.45
0.4
Greece
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
Hungary
1.72
1.59
1.30
1.45
1.52
1.30
1.37
-1.0
Iceland
0.03
0.10
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.23
0.21
8.4
Ireland
0.00
0.00
Italy
0.10
0.20
0.38
0.54
0.54
0.55
0.55
7.6
Japan
Korea(2)
0.99
2.22
3.12
3.34
3.37
Luxembourg
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
Mexico
Netherlands
0.31
1.43
2.39
2.36
2.33
2.33
New Zealand
Norway
0.07
0.11
0.13
0.16
0.17
0.19
Poland
18.01
15.56
8.82
6.88
7.55
7.11
7.39
-3.8
Portugal
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.13
0.16
0.20
0.23
10.8
Slovak Republic
0.45
0.65
0.72
0.62
1.06
1.02
1.03
3.6
0.00
0.01
Sweden
2.36
1.71
3.54
3.55
3.99
4.01
4.06
2.4
Switzerland
0.19
0.25
0.28
0.29
0.32
0.33
0.30
2.0
0.12
2.51
2.33
2.10
1.79
12.5
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States(1)
2.15
7.45
5.28
4.96
5.75
5.66
OECD Total(1)
35.65
38.83
44.34
43.65
46.67
46.72
49.23
..
OECD Europe
34.52
35.84
34.81
34.79
37.20
36.23
38.78
0.5
OECD Pacific (2)
0.10
0.20
1.37
2.76
3.66
3.89
3.92
..
OECD N. America (1)
1.03
2.79
8.16
6.09
5.81
6.59
6.53
..
OECD Total (TJ)(1)
1492883
1625994
1856961
1827775
1954237
1956381
2061367
..
OECD Europe (TJ)
1445473
1500978
1457903
1456960
1557589
1517328
1623905
0.5
4270
8361
57300
115682
153201
162892
164000
..
43140
116655
341758
255133
243447
276161
273462
..
OECD Pacific (TJ) (2)

OECD North America (TJ) (1)
(1) Break in series: data related to United States autoproducers CHP plants included from 1989.
(2) Break in series: data related to Korea included from 1991
Table 21. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF HEAT, OECD, BY SECTOR(1),
1980-2003
(Per cent of total)

Average annual
percent change
Total Final Consumption
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
Commercial and Publ. Serv.
1980
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
80-03
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
43.30
32.70
30.28
29.87
30.51
33.98
34.64
-1.0
1.37
1.36
0.67
0.68
0.66
0.63
0.60
-3.5
4.0
6.30
15.21
15.70
17.79
17.20
16.77
15.69
Residential
38.14
47.58
49.34
45.67
46.41
45.22
45.64
0.8
10.89
3.15
4.01
5.98
5.22
3.40
3.42
-4.9
TFC (Mtoe)
35.65
38.83
44.34
43.65
46.67
46.72
49.23
1.4
TFC (TJ)
1492883
1625994
1856961
1827775
1954237
1956381
2061367
1.4
(1) Break in series: data related to United States autoproducers CHP plants included from 1989.
Note: Excludes direct use of geothermal and solar heat.
Table 22. SHARE OF FINAL CONSUMPTION, OECD, BY FUEL, BY SECTOR , 2003

(Per cent of total)
Coal
Oil
Natural
Comb.
Geo-
Gas
Renew.
& Waste
thermal
Solar Electricity
Heat
Industry
9.89
31.08
27.26
5.42
0.04
0.01
24.77
Transport
0.00
97.30
1.71
0.24
0.74
1.53
-
Agriculture
2.06
77.20
7.16
2.00
0.27
0.02
10.84
0.46
0.91
19.48
29.50
0.67
0.14
0.03
47.50
1.78
Residential
1.42
17.63
38.74
6.96
0.28
0.38
31.50
3.10
0.34
36.13
45.00
1.10
1.89
0.14
4.63
10.78
Non-Energy use
0.65
99.35
TFC (%)(1)
3.38
52.67
19.90
3.16
0.09
0.08
19.41
1.31
746.86
118.48
3.56
3.03
728.67
49.23
TFC (Mtoe)
126.85
1976.85
(1) Includes non-energy use.
Table 23. FINAL CONSUMPTION, OECD, BY FUEL, BY SECTOR,

AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE OF GROWTH (%), 1960-1973
Total Consumption
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
Coal
Comb.
Renew.
& Waste
-2.60
2.34
Crude Petroleum
Oil Products
-
6.80
Natural Electricity
Gas
6.43
Heat
Total
7.76
11.55
5.14
-1.15
3.62
8.17
6.48
6.62
9.06
5.04
-11.05
5.87
38.85
4.58
5.39
6.45
20.55
5.95
11.49
6.77 e
0.34 e
3.11
-0.30 e
19.77
10.55 e
7.55 e
10.00 e
10.45
8.43
Residential
-5.26 e
6.00
7.36 e
4.62 e
9.39 e
18.09
4.12
-0.73
-3.52
2.46
78.57
16.35 e
1.42
4.96
Non-Energy use
12.55
-2.42 e
-
5.11
Heat
Total
2.60
2.56
0.80
Note: Excludes the Czech Republic, Hungary, Korea, Mexico, and the Slovak Republic as data are not available.
Table 24. FINAL CONSUMPTION, OECD, BY FUEL, BY SECTOR,

AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE OF GROWTH (%), 1973-2003
Coal
Comb.
Renew.
& Waste
-2.65
1.22
6.79
0.49
-1.67
1.26
6.79
-1.08
0.47
1.66
0.92
-0.06
-14.69
26.73
1.80
0.71
1.92
1.76
0.60 e
10.53 e
0.73 e
17.19 e
1.73 e
0.15
1.16
-5.03 e
4.22 e
-1.76 e
1.79 e
3.89 e
8.78 e
1.24
Residential
-5.79 e
2.32 e
-1.74 e
1.84 e
2.95
3.27 e
0.85
-13.40 e
-5.61
-1.55
2.93
2.28 e
-4.66
0.99
Total Consumption
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
-15.76
Non-Energy use
-4.19
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries .
Crude Petroleum
Oil Products
Natural Electricity
Gas
1.14
Note: Excludes the Czech Republic, Hungary, Korea, Mexico, and the Slovak Republic as data are not available.
0.90
Table 25. OECD TOTAL ELECTRICITY IMPORTS, BY COUNTRY, 1960-2004e

(GWh)
1960
1973
1985
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Austria
641
3261
6051
6838
13824
15375
19003
16629
Belgium
402
1650
5497
4785
11645
16658
14664
14567
Canada
357
2249
2693
17781
15342
16088
24455
23229
..
2926
7925
8179
8725
9502
10086
9776
397
1002
3155
11973
8417
8939
7023
8673
11667
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany(1)
427
4556
5635
11007
12206
13464
11882
1787
4654
5520
6674
3695
3009
6177
6548
5964
19685
22537
31669
45134
48370 e
46798 e
48190
Greece
79
948
1330
1729
4602
4169
3437
Hungary
..
5732
12731
13299
9523
12605
14077
13792
Ireland
74
169
565
1176
1574
237
3248
25105
35577
44831
51519
51486
46426
81
2827
3945
4678
6457
6377
6481
6505
..
317
135
576
1069
546
87
47
257
5253
9679
22946
20870
20801
21405
15334
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
210
66
4083
334
1474
5335
13422
Poland
659
2011
5456
10437
3290
4469
4985
5312
68
3530
1733
4698
5329
5898
8612
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
..
3024
4869
7255
5951
6710
8623
7782
257
315
3927
3208
12268
12504
9520
8323
264
5950
5174
12909
18308
20110
24287
15646
1306
7018
14512
20754
24330
27800
30084
27056
2142
176
3791
3588
1158
463
177
11990
14308
9182
5119
9784
5323
16848
45896
22506
48592
36373
30390
34210
OECD Total
..
87744
196719
255347
342722
359889
371851
364987
OECD Europe
..
68330
147995
214484
277719
306882
316919
307501
OECD North America

..
19414
48724
40863
65003
53007
54932
57486
Table 26. OECD TOTAL ELECTRICITY EXPORTS, BY COUNTRY, 1960-2004e

(GWh)
1960
1973
1985
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
13548
Austria
2544
4808
7770
7298
15192
14676
13389
Belgium
365
2405
5543
8509
7319
9070
8254
6789
Canada
5512
16286
43016
18130
50983
36117
31152
34382
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany(1)
..
5135
8600
8871
18742
20889
26299
24593
293
1226
2695
4925
7752
11010
15568
11545
237
941
364
326
1539
7030
6797
1849
7543
28658
52112
73174
79912
72175
68588
1799
8123
20004
30739
42077
38372 e
47234 e
50821
Greece
34
209
619
1740
1706
2076
1456
Hungary
..
1070
1924
2152
6083
8349
7138
6320
Ireland
29
71
62
10
365
2369
1436
922
484
922
518
791
72
791
423
746
735
2939
2777
3132
..
238
1945
195
344
953
1006
139
1352
127
471
4031
4488
3809
5188
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
78
5259
4627
16241
20529
15046
5548
3842
Poland
357
3765
7568
11478
9663
11537
15146
14605
Portugal
78
1284
1696
3767
3430
3104
2131
Slovak Republic
..
184
684
2059
8647
10867
10878
10393
Spain
406
2331
5002
3628
7827
7175
8257
11352
Sweden
1030
5216
6683
14677
13630
14754
11457
17750
Switzerland
3822
10516
23210
22862
31400
32308
33196
27759
907
437
435
588
1105
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
114
47
134
768
2959
2294
788
2570
4965
20526
14678
13561
23972
22898
OECD Total
..
81441
175607
231924
339616
340276
353487
349085
OECD Europe
..
62585
127388
191323
273760
290254
297410
290799
OECD North America

..
18856
48219
40601
65856
50022
56077
58286
Table 27. ELECTRICITY TRADE, 1960-2003

(GWh)
1960
1973
1990
1995
2002
2003
12240
68330
214484
203391
306882 e
316919 e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
OECD Europe(1)
Imports
Total
from:
OECD(2)
6.96
3.05
..
..
168602
195088
290857 e
295810 e
..
4.42
Eastern Europe(3)
..
..
2740
2446
13027
10017
..
10.49
Former USSR
..
..
16867
8341 e
12702
18329
..
0.64
12355
62585
191323
197785
290254 e
297410 e
6.79
3.45
Exports
Total
to:
OECD(2)
..
..
174066
195070 e
280359 e
290151 e
..
4.01
Eastern Europe(3)
..
..
3848
3668
12029
10543
..
8.06
Former USSR
Other(4)
..
..
132
691
1302
1715
..
21.81
..
..
..
457
1957 e
2981 e
..
..
5680
19414
40863
55346
53007
54932
4.48
2.30
..
..
40863
55346
53007
54932
..
2.30
6300
18856
40601
54534
50022
56077
4.61
2.52
..
40601
54510
49842
55275
..
2.40
..
24
180
802
..
OECD North America(5)

Imports
Total
from:
OECD
Exports
Total
to:
OECD
..
Other
..
(1) Excludes Czech Republic, Hungary and the Slovak Republic for 1960.
(2) Prior to 1991 includes only imports and exports of Former Federal Republic of Germany.
(3) Includes Albania, Bulgaria, Romania and Former Yugoslavia.
(4) Includes Andorra, Liechtenstein and non-specified.
(5) Excludes Mexico for 1960.
Table 28. OECD: INDICES OF REAL ENERGY PRICES FOR END-USERS

(2000=100)
1978
1980
1985
1990
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
91.0
107.6
119.9
96.2
88.8
Households
104.8
130.3
124.5
102.6
90.0
100.0
102.6
99.3
106.8
110.6
100.0
98.7
93.6
99.0
Both Sectors
99.4
121.4
122.5
100.1
89.8
105.2
100.0
100.1
95.8
101.7
106.8
Industry(1)
75.8
103.9
105.8
81.2
83.4
100.0
Households(2)
103.3
141.8
122.0
97.3
83.6
100.0
97.1
95.0
101.7
110.5
95.3
89.7
97.2
107.4
Both Sectors
96.2
130.8
117.8
92.9
83.8
100.0
95.9
91.4
98.3
107.9
Total Energy
Industry
Oil Products
Coal
Industry
201.9
195.9
187.4
136.9
104.5
100.0
110.8
116.0
111.1
132.9
Households
81.9
80.2
77.3
99.5
101.9
100.0
102.6
105.8
103.6
104.7
Both Sectors
179.8
176.6
168.4
131.9
104.5
100.0
109.7
115.2
110.5
129.7
124.3
Natural Gas
Industry
83.3
98.2
133.1
85.4
78.9
100.0
113.8
100.8
127.3
Households
86.9
94.3
124.0
98.3
90.3
100.0
110.3
99.3
108.5
113.7
Both Sectors
83.7
93.5
125.3
92.5
85.8
100.0
111.5
99.4
115.6
117.4
Industry
112.1
119.5
134.2
121.9
99.7
100.0
106.8
106.3
109.9
109.1
Households
127.6
129.5
139.2
121.2
104.3
100.0
101.4
100.1
101.7
100.5
Both Sectors
118.5
123.3
135.4
120.5
102.2
100.0
103.7
102.6
105.1
104.0
Electricity
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Prices & Taxes.

(1) Industry includes prices for automotive diesel oil.
(2) Households includes prices for gasoline.
Note: "Real" price indices are the current price indices divided by the country specific producer price index for industrial
prices, and by the consumer price index for the household sector.
Table 29. USA: INDICES OF REAL ENERGY PRICES FOR END-USERS

(2000=100)
1978
1980
1985
1990
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
98.2
117.3
129.0
100.7
81.3
Households
114.7
150.5
132.3
107.6
86.8
100.0
102.8
94.4
106.7
112.5
100.0
98.2
90.4
99.7
Both Sectors
110.4
141.0
131.4
105.7
85.2
109.4
100.0
99.5
91.5
101.7
110.3
78.4
120.2
113.2
93.3
77.1
100.0
92.7
87.7
98.6
114.1
Households(2)
114.9
170.6
127.5
101.6
79.6
100.0
94.1
85.9
98.5
113.2
Both Sectors
109.1
161.5
124.8
100.0
79.0
100.0
93.8
86.3
98.5
113.4
Total Energy
Industry
Oil Products
Industry(1)
Coal
Industry
Households
Both Sectors
198.1
191.3
158.9
124.5
105.5
100.0
103.1
110.0
107.7
119.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
198.1
191.3
158.9
124.5
105.5
100.0
103.1
110.0
107.7
119.7
123.8
Natural Gas
Industry
76.3
91.1
118.2
76.1
72.2
100.0
115.3
90.2
127.4
Households
81.0
92.1
117.4
95.8
82.7
100.0
111.7
90.4
106.4
116.9
Both Sectors
79.1
91.7
117.7
88.1
78.6
100.0
113.1
90.4
114.8
119.6
Industry
120.8
126.7
149.0
120.5
88.9
100.0
107.8
104.2
104.7
103.8
Households
138.7
136.5
152.0
126.1
102.9
100.0
100.8
98.7
99.4
99.3
Both Sectors
131.9
132.9
150.9
124.2
98.0
100.0
103.1
100.4
101.1
100.7
Electricity

Table 30. OECD - EUROPE: INDICES OF REAL ENERGY PRICES FOR END-USERS
(2000=100)
1978
1980
1985
1990
1999
Industry
84.5
98.9
110.6
91.7
90.4
Households
89.2
103.0
111.2
94.5
92.1
Both Sectors
86.7
100.5
110.2
93.4
91.5
Industry(1)
63.6
82.5
90.8
72.0
84.4
Households(2)
83.4
103.2
107.5
86.2
86.3
Both Sectors
77.7
96.8
102.5
81.7
85.7
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
100.0
101.3
100.7
103.9
107.5
100.0
98.4
96.3
97.4
99.6
100.0
99.6
98.1
100.0
102.7
100.0
96.6
95.1
97.4
102.7
100.0
94.9
91.7
92.4
96.5
100.0
95.6
93.2
94.5
99.1
Total Energy
Oil Products
Coal
Industry
134.3
130.0
139.8
111.7
97.2
100.0
110.7
109.3
105.3
127.8
Households
81.9
80.2
77.3
99.5
101.9
100.0
102.6
105.8
103.6
104.7
Both Sectors
103.9
103.1
109.2
103.8
98.5
100.0
107.4
107.8
104.1
118.6
110.6
Natural Gas
Industry
97.2
122.7
163.1
95.1
83.4
100.0
112.6
107.7
111.7
Households
98.6
98.1
135.9
102.8
95.1
100.0
105.8
105.6
106.6
107.6
Both Sectors
93.7
103.2
141.7
98.8
91.1
100.0
107.4
105.6
107.4
107.4
Industry
120.8
126.0
133.9
133.8
108.9
100.0
107.6
111.2
117.9
117.9
Households
118.5
119.8
127.0
120.0
106.8
100.0
103.3
102.6
107.3
105.0
Both Sectors
116.8
119.9
127.5
124.1
107.1
100.0
105.2
106.2
111.6
110.2
Electricity

Table 31. JAPAN: INDICES OF REAL ENERGY PRICES FOR END-USERS

(2000=100)
1978
1980
1985
1990
1999
Industry
108.9
138.5
146.9
109.6
102.1
Households
131.7
172.8
154.0
121.2
98.5
Both Sectors
119.8
155.1
150.7
115.7
100.1
Industry(1)
121.5
177.6
159.9
106.4
94.9
Households(2)
137.9
191.3
160.5
124.4
93.5
Both Sectors
132.3
186.7
160.3
118.3
93.9
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
100.0
104.0
100.5
100.8
102.7
100.0
101.0
98.9
99.7
102.4
100.0
102.3
99.6
100.2
102.5
100.0
106.1
105.9
111.5
118.6
100.0
102.1
101.5
104.2
110.3
100.0
103.3
102.7
106.2
112.6
Total Energy
Oil Products
Coal
Industry
Households
Both Sectors
333.7
301.9
286.4
187.5
114.6
100.0
120.7
130.6
120.3
158.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
333.7
301.9
286.4
187.5
114.6
100.0
120.7
130.6
120.3
158.9
95.4
Natural Gas
Industry
179.4
184.6
181.2
113.4
90.1
100.0
103.6
95.9
96.7
Households
109.8
133.4
125.5
106.6
97.0
100.0
102.5
99.2
99.5
99.3
Both Sectors
124.9
143.8
136.0
108.0
95.2
100.0
102.8
98.2
98.6
98.1
90.7
112.4
130.2
106.1
105.3
100.0
102.5
97.5
96.3
94.7
Households
126.4
153.3
151.5
120.4
104.2
100.0
99.4
96.1
95.1
94.6
Both Sectors
102.9
126.6
139.1
112.1
104.8
100.0
101.0
96.8
95.7
94.6
Electricity
Industry

Table 32. ELECTRICITY PRICES FOR INDUSTRY IN US dollars/kWh

Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Europe
OECD
1978
0.027
0.039
0.045
0.015
..
0.049
0.047
0.032
0.047
0.027
..
0.038
0.043
0.062
0.043
0.035
0.022
0.031
0.019
0.012
..
0.027
0.021
0.028
0.029
0.051
0.062
0.038
0.028
0.038
0.036
1980
0.031
0.051
0.058
0.020
..
0.050
0.054
0.048
0.058
0.042
..
0.051
0.065
0.086
0.081
0.047
0.030
0.059
0.028
0.018
..
0.045
0.024
0.044
0.040
0.056
0.061
0.063
0.037
0.053
0.050
1985
0.034
0.039
0.043
0.026
0.027
0.046
0.040
0.034
0.047
0.044
0.041
0.057
0.062
0.095
0.076
0.042
0.022
0.040
0.019
0.020
0.020
0.060
0.026
0.046
0.028
0.047
0.049
0.046
0.052
0.042
0.051
1990
0.046
0.065
0.070
0.040
0.030
0.062
0.063
0.056
0.091
0.065
0.074
0.068
0.098
0.122
0.070
..
0.040
0.052
0.034
0.035
0.025
0.098
0.029
0.097
0.050
0.089
0.082
0.071
0.048
0.072
0.068
1999
0.035
0.057
0.055
0.040
0.048
0.066
0.046
0.044
0.057
0.050
0.055
0.057
0.086
0.143
0.046
..
0.042
0.061
0.033
..
0.037
0.078
0.041
0.049
..
0.090
0.079
0.064
0.039
0.060
0.061
2000
0.033
0.038
0.048
0.040
0.043
0.058
0.039
0.036
0.041
0.042
0.049
0.049
0.089
0.143
0.052
..
0.051
0.057
0.028
0.019
0.037
0.067
0.042
0.043
..
0.069
0.080
0.055
0.046
0.050
0.060
2001
0.031
..
..
0.043
0.043
0.060
0.038
0.035
0.044
0.043
0.051
0.060
0.107
0.127
0.048
..
0.053
0.059
0.027
0.025
0.045
0.066
0.043
0.041
..
0.069
0.079
0.051
0.050
0.054
0.061
2002
0.036
..
..
0.041
0.049
0.070
0.043
0.037
0.049
0.046
0.060
0.075
0.113
0.115
0.047
..
0.056
c
0.033
0.031
0.049
0.068
0.047
0.048
..
0.073
0.094
0.052
0.048
0.059
0.060
2003
..
..
..
0.049
0.056
0.092
0.065
0.045
0.065
0.056
0.078
0.094
0.147
0.122
0.051
..
0.062
c
0.046
0.046
0.056
0.083
0.070
0.054
..
0.081
0.099
0.055
0.049
0.073
0.069
2004
..
0.096
..
..
0.066
0.096
0.072
0.050
..
0.063
0.092
0.096
..
..
0.053
..
..
c
0.054
0.043
0.060
0.093
0.083
..
..
0.085
0.100
0.067
0.051
..
..
2003
..
..
..
571.1
653.1
1064.3
760.7
519.6
760.7
647.7
903.2
1093.2
1708.1
1413.7
588.7
..
726.3
c
532.8
529.6
654.7
964.4
812.9
625.4
..
939.7
1156.0
636.5
575.4
852.7
798.0
2004
..
1113.7
..
..
769.5
1114.6
837.8
579.2
..
736.7
1075.6
1112.2
..
..
611.7
..
..
c
631.9
503.5
698.4
1079.0
963.3
..
..
992.5
1164.2
779.5
594.4
..
..
Table 33. ELECTRICITY PRICES FOR INDUSTRY IN US dollars/toe

1978
1980
1985
1990
1999
2000
2001
Australia
311.7
358.0
395.4
534.2
409.6
387.8
362.4
Austria
459.2
588.8
455.7
760.2
658.8
444.8
..
Belgium
518.1
673.6
498.9
814.9
645.2
555.1
..
Canada
177.3
227.8
297.1
465.5
461.7
466.5
503.6
Czech Republic
..
..
312.1
343.3
561.4
499.5
495.5
Denmark
569.5
580.8
535.6
723.7
761.6
670.8
693.4
Finland
543.5
633.4
470.9
734.2
532.5
449.0
443.5
France
376.9
557.9
395.5
655.6
506.5
415.8
403.9
Germany
551.4
669.6
543.2
1061.4
661.3
471.5
510.1
Greece
312.2
493.0
508.2
756.8
584.6
491.7
501.8
Hungary
..
..
473.3
864.6
639.5
566.4
593.0
Ireland
437.4
592.7
666.1
785.8
657.6
569.1
701.6
Italy
501.8
757.7
715.8
1134.6
998.1
1034.2
1249.2
Japan
724.0
1005.3
1106.3
1421.4
1657.9
1665.4
1479.6
Korea
497.8
944.4
889.1
813.0
536.6
599.4
554.9
Luxembourg
406.5
546.9
484.7
..
..
..
..
Mexico
252.8
353.9
256.0
465.0
483.7
591.4
614.8
Netherlands
362.3
688.4
461.1
608.1
708.3
663.4
681.9
New Zealand
215.4
320.4
225.0
396.4
382.9
325.4
319.3
Norway
135.3
212.0
230.0
408.8
..
226.0
295.0
Poland
..
..
237.1
295.0
427.7
428.9
521.1
Portugal
313.3
527.7
695.2
1141.5
905.2
779.1
766.2
Slovak Republic
241.4
284.4
308.0
339.4
480.4
491.5
501.2
Spain
325.4
515.3
539.3
1132.4
568.4
495.1
477.8
Sweden
334.7
467.4
325.8
579.6
..
..
..
Switzerland
596.4
654.9
546.1
1036.4
1050.6
803.2
803.7
Turkey
715.1
704.9
565.7
954.0
923.4
929.7
922.5
United Kingdom
441.9
730.1
534.4
822.0
741.3
643.8
591.4
United States
324.4
429.1
600.0
552.3
457.0
534.9
581.4
OECD Europe
445.0
614.8
482.7
833.1
693.0
586.9
629.0
OECD
423.2
579.0
592.2
785.7
704.4
701.7
709.2
Note: Prices are in current US dollars. Price excluding tax for Australia and the United States.
2002
415.6
..
..
476.7
572.0
809.4
496.5
425.2
564.4
533.7
693.4
873.5
1315.1
1335.4
548.6
..
652.4
c
382.4
357.5
566.9
795.7
551.4
563.3
..
852.1
1095.1
603.2
558.1
685.9
702.9
Table 34. ELECTRICITY PRICES FOR HOUSEHOLDS IN US dollars/kWh

Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Europe
OECD
1978
0.039
0.080
0.115
0.024
0.034
0.068
0.058
0.081
0.085
0.063
..
0.056
0.050
0.093
0.067
0.069
0.035
0.082
0.024
0.028
..
0.047
0.034
0.057
0.046
0.066
0.077
0.052
0.043
0.072
0.055
1980
0.043
0.101
0.141
0.028
0.039
0.102
0.069
0.114
0.101
0.074
0.032
0.077
0.077
0.117
0.098
0.086
0.052
0.115
0.033
0.035
0.023
0.071
0.039
0.080
0.059
0.073
0.063
0.087
0.054
0.088
0.068
1985
0.049
0.085
0.101
0.037
0.030
0.086
0.052
0.087
0.082
0.062
0.023
0.089
0.088
0.126
0.085
0.067
0.031
0.087
0.024
0.038
0.014
0.077
0.030
0.086
0.039
0.059
0.037
0.069
0.078
0.072
0.076
1990
0.072
0.156
0.167
0.053
0.027
0.164
0.103
0.150
0.164
0.119
0.039
0.131
0.157
0.177
0.096
0.124
0.046
0.117
0.055
0.073
0.010
0.147
0.028
0.190
0.088
0.111
0.051
0.118
0.079
0.131
0.103
1999
0.070
0.134
0.152
0.055
0.051
0.207
0.091
0.121
0.151
0.090
0.073
0.117
0.147
0.213
0.081
0.118
0.059
0.132
0.070
0.063
0.065
0.141
0.035
0.141
..
0.131
0.084
0.117
0.082
0.123
0.106
2000
0.063
0.118
0.132
0.053
0.054
0.197
0.078
0.102
0.121
0.071
0.065
0.101
0.135
0.214
0.084
0.099
0.068
0.131
0.060
0.032
0.065
0.120
0.050
0.117
..
0.111
0.084
0.107
0.082
0.106
0.101
2001
0.057
0.119
..
0.053
0.060
0.195
0.077
0.098
0.124
0.070
0.068
0.094
0.148
0.188
0.071
0.098
0.075
0.145
0.059
0.044
0.079
0.118
0.063
0.109
..
0.109
0.084
0.101
0.085
0.106
0.099
2002
0.062
0.130
..
0.054
0.076
0.209
0.085
0.105
0.136
0.077
0.080
0.107
0.156
0.174
0.070
0.112
0.092
0.155
0.071
0.046
0.084
0.127
0.067
0.114
..
0.117
0.099
0.105
0.085
0.114
0.100
2003
..
0.152
..
0.062
0.085
0.256
0.112
0.127
0.176
0.096
0.102
0.146
0.186
0.186
0.074
0.143
0.091
0.194
0.095
0.089
0.095
0.156
0.104
0.137
..
0.133
0.106
0.116
0.087
0.139
0.111
2004
..
0.177
..
..
0.097
0.283
0.123
0.141
..
0.107
0.134
0.173
..
..
0.079
0.156
..
0.221
0.118
0.069
0.103
0.175
0.134
..
..
0.142
0.111
0.138
0.089
..
..
2003
..
1771.1
..
715.9
983.8
2981.3
1299.4
1472.2
2041.8
1115.5
1186.3
1698.9
2167.9
2159.5
859.2
1658.1
1057.7
2252.0
1102.1
1036.9
1100.0
1815.8
1208.3
1596.4
..
1550.1
1228.1
1347.1
1012.3
1619.1
1292.3
2004
..
2054.7
..
..
1127.0
3291.5
1430.0
1637.9
..
1242.2
1556.8
2007.9
..
..
923.5
1809.9
..
2569.7
1374.7
799.1
1199.4
2038.1
1558.6
..
..
1656.7
1291.2
1601.5
1038.5
..
..
Table 35. ELECTRICITY PRICES FOR HOUSEHOLDS IN US dollars/toe

1978
1980
1985
1990
1999
2000
2001
Australia
450.2
503.8
574.1
833.5
814.0
734.6
664.0
Austria
928.3
1177.6
984.1
1810.3
1562.8
1366.4
1378.3
Belgium
1335.5
1639.1
1178.6
1937.0
1768.3
1537.9
..
Canada
280.3
330.2
429.0
617.8
635.4
616.2
611.4
Czech Republic
399.7
448.2
352.8
310.9
595.0
632.0
694.2
Denmark
789.5
1181.2
1000.1
1912.6
2409.5
2295.8
2267.3
Finland
671.4
806.2
608.2
1195.3
1062.5
904.5
894.2
France
936.3
1327.1
1009.2
1745.6
1403.0
1182.1
1144.1
Germany
993.0
1169.0
951.1
1904.7
1760.9
1402.9
1438.7
Greece
732.1
865.1
723.5
1378.3
1047.4
823.4
816.1
Hungary
..
369.2
265.4
450.7
844.5
757.1
794.7
Ireland
655.2
891.8
1030.1
1526.2
1362.2
1178.9
1097.2
Italy
581.4
894.5
1023.6
1822.1
1712.6
1575.4
1717.6
Japan
1083.2
1364.4
1466.9
2055.8
2471.6
2489.5
2181.1
Korea
773.6
1141.7
982.6
1118.4
944.4
973.8
825.4
Luxembourg
796.5
994.4
779.1
1439.1
1373.3
1154.2
1135.7
Mexico
404.4
606.7
355.6
532.9
689.7
794.0
873.2
Netherlands
957.9
1331.7
1016.3
1362.7
1538.0
1524.0
1683.3
New Zealand
278.3
389.5
277.8
635.4
814.3
698.2
688.3
Norway
330.6
412.2
442.4
852.9
735.4
368.4
511.5
Poland
..
263.1
158.1
120.0
757.7
761.2
920.7
Portugal
541.6
826.6
892.7
1713.1
1634.6
1390.0
1367.9
Slovak Republic
399.7
448.2
352.8
322.0
404.8
583.0
730.7
Spain
665.9
930.8
997.8
2206.1
1635.8
1362.1
1262.7
Sweden
540.6
687.4
458.2
1021.7
..
..
..
Switzerland
767.4
843.6
682.0
1287.5
1517.9
1294.4
1266.9
Turkey
895.3
728.2
434.9
588.8
971.9
981.6
972.5
United Kingdom
607.1
1014.1
801.6
1377.6
1354.7
1240.2
1171.2
United States
501.2
623.3
905.8
912.8
948.8
953.5
988.4
OECD Europe
836.0
1018.8
831.8
1520.5
1429.0
1228.9
1229.1
OECD
641.7
793.1
886.5
1192.6
1230.7
1170.7
1149.8
Note: Prices are in current US dollars. Price excluding tax for Australia and the United States.
2002
720.0
1511.3
..
628.8
884.6
2427.5
984.2
1215.4
1576.4
893.2
927.0
1242.8
1808.3
2025.8
808.7
1298.7
1072.8
1800.6
822.5
535.3
974.5
1475.1
775.2
1325.0
..
1364.4
1153.1
1223.8
983.0
1322.3
1161.0
Table 36. ELECTRICITY PRICES FOR HOUSEHOLDS IN US dollars/kWh

Converted with Purchasing Power Parities
2002
0.085
0.151
..
0.069
0.174
0.195
0.093
0.123
0.150
0.120
0.179
0.113
0.200
0.152
0.112
0.121
0.135
0.178
0.104
0.040
0.187
0.204
0.186
0.163
..
0.101
0.245
0.115
0.085
0.144
0.109
2003
..
0.148
..
0.069
0.164
0.200
0.102
0.123
0.163
0.124
0.189
0.127
0.196
0.156
0.113
0.128
0.143
0.186
0.111
0.068
0.199
0.207
0.224
0.163
..
0.100
0.217
0.114
0.087
0.147
0.112
2004
..
0.157
..
..
0.171
0.200
0.106
0.126
..
0.123
0.213
0.138
..
..
0.118
0.127
..
0.194
0.120
0.049
0.206
0.214
0.251
..
..
0.100
0.203
0.122
0.089
0.138
0.103
1978
1980
1985
1990
1999
2000
2001
2002
Australia
0.98
1.00
1.16
1.38
1.30
1.31
1.33
1.34
Austria
1.07
0.99
0.96
0.92
0.93
0.91
0.92
0.91
Belgium
0.98
0.90
0.92
0.91
0.94
0.92
0.90
0.88
Canada
1.12
1.15
1.21
1.25
1.19
1.23
1.22
1.23
Czech Republic
..
..
..
5.45
14.26
14.36
14.60
14.27
Denmark
7.25
7.19
8.34
8.71
8.41
8.41
8.35
8.43
Finland
0.73
0.74
0.86
0.97
0.98
0.98
0.98
0.97
France
0.79
0.82
0.96
0.97
0.93
0.91
0.90
0.90
Germany
1.22
1.12
1.02
0.98
1.00
0.98
0.98
0.96
Greece
0.07
0.09
0.18
0.34
0.68
0.68
0.69
0.68
Hungary
..
..
..
..
99.96
107.34
110.10
114.72
Ireland
0.55
0.61
0.79
0.80
0.92
0.95
0.98
1.00
Italy
0.32
0.38
0.57
0.69
0.81
0.81
0.82
0.82
Japan
251.60
230.72
206.15
189.43
162.04
154.58
148.65
143.67
Korea
307.18
386.79
442.81
528.53
754.89
752.84
761.13
778.77
Luxembourg
0.99
0.96
1.02
0.95
0.98
0.99
1.00
0.98
Mexico
0.01
0.02
0.12
1.43
5.63
6.12
6.32
6.58
Netherlands
1.22
1.13
1.03
0.91
0.93
0.92
0.92
0.92
New Zealand
0.76
0.87
1.13
1.52
1.43
1.45
1.48
1.47
Norway
7.96
8.03
9.16
9.50
9.21
9.01
9.12
9.14
Poland
..
..
..
0.26
1.75
1.82
1.85
1.83
Portugal
0.12
0.14
0.30
0.47
0.65
0.65
0.66
0.66
Slovak Republic
..
..
..
..
15.65
16.06
16.29
16.21
Spain
0.34
0.38
0.50
0.61
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.74
Sweden
6.27
6.40
7.41
8.83
9.34
9.19
9.34
9.36
Switzerland
2.35
2.09
1.98
1.99
1.93
1.90
1.90
1.80
Turkey
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.19
0.27
0.42
0.61
United Kingdom
0.42
0.48
0.52
0.59
0.64
0.63
0.62
0.61
United States
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Note: Data are in current US dollars. Price excluding tax for Australia and the United States in Table 36.
2003
1.35
0.91
0.88
1.25
14.51
8.43
0.97
0.91
0.95
0.69
120.86
1.02
0.84
137.56
782.17
0.99
6.89
0.92
1.47
9.25
1.85
0.67
17.02
0.74
9.42
1.80
0.73
0.62
1
2004
1.37
0.91
0.88
1.27
14.58
8.47
0.94
0.90
0.94
0.70
127.15
1.01
0.84
131.77
771.03
0.98
7.16
0.92
1.49
9.47
1.83
0.66
17.21
0.77
9.32
1.77
0.78
0.62
1
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Europe
OECD
1978
0.034
0.079
0.091
0.025
..
0.052
0.054
0.070
0.072
0.096
..
0.067
0.069
0.078
0.105
0.054
0.062
0.067
0.030
0.019
..
0.086
..
0.078
0.033
0.050
0.077
0.066
0.043
0.065
0.052
1980
0.038
0.096
0.113
0.029
..
0.080
0.059
0.090
0.084
0.109
..
0.078
0.090
0.115
0.154
0.065
0.072
0.091
0.040
0.022
..
0.123
..
0.091
0.039
0.058
0.100
0.078
0.054
0.080
0.065
1985
0.061
0.133
0.162
0.042
..
0.109
0.064
0.123
0.121
0.140
..
0.134
0.152
0.146
0.166
0.097
0.080
0.129
0.043
0.036
..
0.217
..
0.174
0.046
0.073
0.093
0.104
0.078
0.113
0.093
1990
0.066
0.139
0.152
0.049
0.088
0.117
0.068
0.128
0.138
0.162
..
0.126
0.141
0.135
0.129
0.108
0.091
0.107
0.060
0.048
0.037
0.222
..
0.190
0.059
0.077
0.086
0.113
0.079
0.119
0.095
1999
0.084
0.136
0.152
0.068
0.124
0.172
0.087
0.122
0.142
0.119
0.172
0.119
0.171
0.149
0.128
0.113
0.101
0.134
0.092
0.054
0.148
0.203
0.092
0.180
..
0.102
0.183
0.112
0.082
0.134
0.105
2000
0.083
0.139
0.156
0.064
0.146
0.190
0.086
0.121
0.133
0.111
0.171
0.115
0.182
0.149
0.126
0.109
0.105
0.154
0.092
0.031
0.156
0.199
0.144
0.171
..
0.099
0.195
0.111
0.082
0.133
0.104
2001
0.083
0.144
..
0.067
0.155
0.194
0.088
0.122
0.142
0.113
0.178
0.107
0.202
0.153
0.120
0.109
0.111
0.176
0.095
0.043
0.176
0.200
0.186
0.162
..
0.097
0.242
0.112
0.085
0.140
0.108
Table 37. PURCHASING POWER PARITIES

National Currency/US dollars
Table 38. HEAVY FUEL OIL PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN US dollars/tonne
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Europe
OECD
1978
91.89
94.83
92.87
70.07
70.83
..
97.84
..
103.80
68.06
..
..
85.75
109.51
..
..
11.30
91.10
c
x
..
66.07
70.83
88.00
92.10
..
144.25
95.43
88.65
91.75
91.41
1980
198.68
164.67
179.34
79.87
71.48
162.93
203.39
..
197.58
136.32
84.23
..
181.24
250.29
250.78
181.70
15.33
192.46
c
x
..
130.20
71.48
168.38
199.10
..
245.69
199.37
178.01
179.07
188.68
1985
..
158.60
169.65
..
130.11
170.65
207.25
..
180.80
181.16
114.53
169.63
172.58
223.76
225.97
..
29.24
182.81
c
x
..
111.76
130.11
199.94
163.57
..
230.10
213.80
177.05
181.78
173.85
1990
..
127.05
126.94
..
151.42
..
179.44
..
146.20
159.81
89.15
111.55
134.60
207.11
130.77
..
55.10
..
c
x
86.21
104.65
122.01
142.90
106.79
..
239.82
94.42
139.37
129.05
138.33
1999
..
c
137.57
..
75.31
..
127.42
..
129.60
177.42
71.64
89.09
c
..
207.12
..
72.94
..
c
x
72.88
77.47
74.29
167.73
93.44
..
173.91
134.30
99.86
131.21
104.09
2000
..
c
180.78
..
111.46
..
183.32
..
167.28
..
146.11
140.48
c
..
275.58
..
115.46
..
c
x
112.68
148.68
..
227.35
..
..
206.11
181.24
175.45
185.96
164.38
2001
..
c
155.13
..
125.14
..
153.01
..
142.32
..
134.32
152.64
c
..
254.07
..
103.10
..
c
x
105.35
117.94
x
198.82
..
..
181.27
164.27
155.10
163.94
148.66
2002
..
c
160.41
..
139.41
..
166.63
..
156.96
..
160.02
149.32
c
..
274.89
..
117.61
..
c
x
131.01
143.24
x
221.39
..
..
264.86
187.86
153.91
196.36
162.43
2003
..
c
x
..
146.82
..
205.40
..
199.42
..
..
187.58
c
..
301.58
..
139.64
..
c
x
159.95
181.37
x
270.36
..
..
304.32
253.28
199.71
241.52
197.15
2004
..
c
x
..
166.76
..
219.55
..
202.24
..
..
203.79
c
..
338.84
..
..
..
c
x
173.53
184.51
x
..
..
..
346.13
260.05
203.67
..
..
Table 39. HEAVY FUEL OIL PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN US dollars/toe
1978
1980
Australia
95.7
207.0
Austria
98.8
171.5
Belgium
95.2
183.9
Canada
73.0
83.2
Czech Republic
73.0
73.7
Denmark
..
169.7
Finland
101.9
211.9
France
..
..
Germany
105.9
201.6
Greece
70.9
142.0
Hungary
..
86.8
Ireland
..
..
Italy
89.3
188.8
Japan
114.1
260.7
Korea
..
261.2
Luxembourg
..
188.3
Mexico
11.1
15.0
Netherlands
92.0
194.4
New Zealand
c
c
x
x
Norway
Poland
..
..
Portugal
68.8
135.6
Slovak Republic
73.1
73.7
Spain
93.6
179.1
Sweden
95.9
207.4
Switzerland
..
..
Turkey
150.3
255.9
United Kingdom
99.4
207.7
United States
88.8
178.2
OECD Europe
95.2
185.9
OECD
93.6
194.1
Note: Prices are in current US dollars.
1985
..
165.2
174.0
..
134.1
177.8
215.9
..
184.5
188.7
118.1
178.9
179.8
233.1
235.4
..
28.6
184.7
c
x
..
116.4
134.2
212.7
170.4
..
239.7
222.7
177.3
189.1
179.2
1990
..
132.3
130.2
..
156.1
..
186.9
..
149.2
166.5
91.9
117.7
140.2
215.7
136.2
..
53.9
..
c
x
89.6
109.0
125.8
152.0
111.2
..
249.8
98.4
139.5
134.4
142.3
1999
..
c
141.1
..
77.6
..
132.7
..
132.2
184.8
73.9
94.0
c
..
215.7
..
71.4
..
c
x
75.7
80.7
76.6
178.4
97.3
..
181.2
139.9
100.0
137.6
105.6
2000
..
c
185.4
..
114.9
..
191.0
..
170.7
..
150.6
148.2
c
..
287.1
..
113.0
..
c
x
117.1
154.9
..
241.9
..
..
214.7
188.8
175.7
195.2
166.4
2001
..
c
159.1
..
129.0
..
159.4
..
145.2
..
138.5
161.0
c
..
264.7
..
100.9
..
c
x
109.4
122.9
x
211.5
..
..
188.8
171.1
155.3
172.1
150.6
2002
..
c
164.5
..
143.7
..
173.6
..
160.2
..
165.0
157.5
c
..
286.3
..
115.1
..
c
x
136.1
149.2
x
235.5
..
..
275.9
195.7
154.1
206.3
165.1
2003
..
c
x
..
151.4
..
214.0
..
203.5
..
..
197.9
c
..
314.1
..
136.7
..
c
x
166.2
188.9
x
287.6
..
..
317.0
263.8
200.0
254.0
200.3
2004
..
c
x
..
171.9
..
228.7
..
206.4
..
..
215.0
c
..
353.0
..
..
..
c
x
180.3
192.2
x
..
..
..
360.6
270.9
203.9
..
..
Table 40. STEAM COAL PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN US dollars/tonne

Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Europe
OECD
1978
10.21
163.51
40.47
32.97
3.75
..
45.02
..
82.94
..
..
..
36.60
72.10
..
..
..
40.99
c
..
..
27.26
3.75
33.47
47.60
x
..
42.17
26.11
46.67
31.53
1980
13.65
167.07
47.67
42.34
4.20
46.53
67.70
49.95
98.85
..
11.44
..
50.81
71.81
..
..
21.74
63.99
c
..
2.26
38.71
4.20
54.80
87.49
x
14.25
74.05
31.72
50.29
38.19
1985
18.01
71.70
49.88
..
5.72
47.38
49.89
38.67
81.44
..
13.09
75.13
50.82
61.97
..
..
27.71
65.72
c
..
11.56
56.89
5.72
39.93
48.01
x
9.62
58.74
38.06
41.97
39.25
1990
27.39
76.45
45.45
53.13
7.47
..
62.95
49.13
140.21
..
26.89
55.85
59.98
81.05
..
..
31.50
71.37
c
..
11.39
51.37
7.52
..
..
x
9.10
77.74
33.57
61.71
42.60
1999
..
c
30.22
..
9.63
..
39.42
36.09
41.93
..
c
30.86
c
44.42
..
..
28.77
..
c
..
29.07
31.48
17.87
..
..
x
15.43
47.01
27.82
33.45
29.85
2000
..
c
32.76
17.88
7.97
..
38.64
35.49
42.41
..
c
30.31
c
40.94
..
..
31.82
..
c
..
28.22
30.24
..
..
..
x
14.41
44.40
27.46
32.52
29.06
2001
..
c
37.72
18.52
8.05
..
46.66
42.78
51.86
..
c
35.39
c
42.69
..
..
33.94
..
c
..
31.39
38.58
..
..
..
x
10.27
46.46
28.18
36.59
30.57
2002
..
c
34.48
19.17
8.52
..
44.02
39.78
45.70
..
c
37.49
c
39.59
..
..
33.70
..
c
..
32.22
32.32
..
..
..
x
15.20
44.47
28.68
35.25
30.68
2003
..
c
35.94
21.03
c
..
48.28
39.79
50.02
..
c
35.54
c
..
..
..
32.11
..
c
..
36.20
38.38
..
..
..
x
18.98
45.93
29.05
41.54
31.23
2004
..
c
72.46
..
c
..
67.00
61.43
70.00
..
c
67.24
c
..
..
..
..
..
c
..
39.95
57.49
..
..
..
x
25.90
61.72
30.69
..
..
Table 41. STEAM COAL PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN US dollars/toe

1978
1980
Australia
15.5
20.7
Austria
245.5
250.9
Belgium
75.8
89.3
Canada
46.3
59.4
Czech Republic
18.5
20.7
Denmark
..
71.6
Finland
71.5
107.5
France
..
82.9
Germany
132.7
158.2
Greece
..
..
Hungary
..
47.8
Ireland
..
..
Italy
59.0
82.0
Japan
126.5
126.0
Korea
..
..
Luxembourg
..
..
Mexico
..
47.5
Netherlands
58.6
91.4
New Zealand
c
c
Norway
..
..
Poland
..
4.7
Portugal
47.4
67.3
Slovak Republic
18.5
20.7
Spain
60.9
99.6
Sweden
78.0
143.4
x
x
Switzerland
Turkey
..
71.3
United Kingdom
74.6
131.0
United States
47.0
57.1
OECD Europe
80.4
86.9
OECD
55.4
67.0
1985
27.3
107.7
93.5
..
28.2
72.9
79.2
64.1
130.3
..
55.3
125.2
82.0
108.7
..
..
60.6
93.9
c
..
24.2
98.9
28.2
72.6
78.7
x
48.1
103.9
68.5
74.0
70.0
1990
41.5
114.8
85.1
74.5
36.8
..
99.9
81.5
224.3
..
129.4
93.1
96.7
139.9
..
..
68.8
102.0
c
..
24.3
89.3
37.0
..
..
x
45.5
137.5
60.4
107.4
74.9
1999
..
c
56.6
..
38.5
..
62.6
59.9
67.1
..
c
51.4
c
77.9
..
..
62.9
..
c
..
56.8
54.7
88.0
..
..
x
77.2
83.2
50.1
65.4
54.5
2000
..
c
61.4
25.1
31.9
..
61.3
58.9
67.9
..
c
50.5
c
71.8
..
..
69.6
..
c
..
55.2
52.6
..
..
..
x
72.1
78.5
49.4
62.7
52.8
2001
..
c
70.7
26.0
32.2
..
74.1
71.0
83.0
..
c
59.0
c
74.9
..
..
74.2
..
c
..
61.4
67.1
..
..
..
x
51.3
82.2
50.7
68.5
55.2
2002
..
c
64.6
26.9
34.1
..
69.9
66.0
73.1
..
c
62.5
c
69.5
..
..
73.7
..
c
..
63.0
56.2
..
..
..
x
76.0
78.7
51.6
67.1
55.6
2003
..
c
67.3
29.5
c
..
76.6
66.0
80.0
..
c
59.2
c
..
..
..
70.2
..
c
..
70.8
66.7
..
..
..
x
94.9
81.3
52.3
77.5
56.6
2004
..
c
135.7
..
c
..
106.3
101.9
112.0
..
c
112.1
c
..
..
..
..
..
c
..
78.1
100.0
..
..
..
x
129.5
109.2
55.2
..
..
Table 42. NATURAL GAS PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN US dollars/107 kcal
(Gross Calorific Value Basis)
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
OECD Europe
OECD
1978
..
95.45
84.11
44.25
..
c
100.87
..
78.04
..
..
..
81.71
94.01
..
..
13.48
79.05
c
..
..
x
57.64
77.38
..
..
..
68.08
56.43
79.33
64.46
1980
..
211.91
158.30
42.30
..
c
203.16
..
126.75
..
66.00
..
173.10
195.54
..
..
17.79
163.19
c
..
..
x
68.40
164.08
..
..
..
119.86
87.26
137.19
108.45
1985
..
193.99
140.20
69.20
174.33
c
166.62
..
147.58
..
73.68
100.44
150.69
193.21
..
..
56.83
157.81
c
..
..
x
142.82
212.89
..
..
..
152.16
136.15
147.52
148.26
1990
..
148.60
123.56
62.87
120.95
c
123.59
..
158.09
..
98.35
116.97
116.87
167.13
..
..
87.92
132.72
c
..
..
x
99.03
152.22
..
..
141.71
c
92.11
135.51
116.18
1999
..
..
c
..
142.84
c
107.72
..
139.45
c
134.40
101.11
c
..
..
..
88.27
..
c
..
..
..
106.64
119.76
..
..
158.32
114.74
102.09
126.62
107.68
2000
..
..
c
..
146.22
c
113.20
..
153.44
c
99.86
99.05
c
..
..
..
150.03
..
c
..
..
..
101.44
165.00
..
..
168.52
103.98
172.86
127.20
159.47
2001
..
..
c
..
151.68
c
109.01
..
..
c
154.82
127.04
c
..
..
..
163.43
..
c
..
..
..
106.31
..
..
..
197.13
111.11
176.31
133.40
166.40
2002
..
..
c
..
168.68
c
108.97
..
..
c
189.22
150.62
c
..
..
..
122.70
..
c
..
..
..
131.81
..
..
..
214.38
106.19
140.48
138.65
138.75
2003
..
..
c
..
197.80
c
136.19
..
..
c
216.81
168.26
c
..
..
..
205.26
..
c
..
..
194.09
220.57
..
..
..
222.92
129.61
213.12
161.41
201.47
2004
..
..
c
..
..
c
145.56
..
..
c
251.36
..
c
..
..
..
..
..
c
..
..
223.70
243.00
..
..
..
227.95
162.09
235.77
..
..
Table 43. NATURAL GAS PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN US dollars/toe

(Net Calorific Value Basis)
1978
1980
Australia
..
..
Austria
106.1
235.5
Belgium
93.5
175.9
Canada
49.2
47.0
Czech Republic
..
..
Denmark
c
c
Finland
112.1
225.7
France
..
..
Germany
86.7
140.8
Greece
..
..
Hungary
..
73.3
Ireland
..
..
Italy
90.8
192.3
Japan
104.5
217.3
Korea
..
..
Luxembourg
..
..
Mexico
15.0
19.8
Netherlands
87.8
181.3
New Zealand
c
c
Norway
..
..
Poland
..
..
x
x
Portugal
Slovak Republic
64.0
76.0
Spain
86.0
182.3
Sweden
..
..
Switzerland
..
..
Turkey
..
..
United Kingdom
75.6
133.2
United States
62.7
97.0
OECD Europe
88.1
152.4
OECD
71.6
120.5
1985
..
215.5
155.8
76.9
193.7
c
185.1
..
164.0
..
81.9
111.6
167.4
214.7
..
..
63.1
175.3
c
..
..
x
158.7
236.5
..
..
..
169.1
151.3
163.9
164.7
1990
..
165.1
137.3
69.9
134.4
c
137.3
..
175.7
..
109.3
130.0
129.9
185.7
..
..
97.7
147.5
c
..
..
x
110.0
169.1
..
..
157.5
c
102.3
150.6
129.1
1999
..
..
c
..
158.7
c
119.7
..
154.9
c
149.3
112.3
c
..
..
..
98.1
..
c
..
..
..
118.5
133.1
..
..
175.9
127.5
113.4
140.7
119.6
2000
..
..
c
..
162.5
c
125.8
..
170.5
c
111.0
110.1
c
..
..
..
166.7
..
c
..
..
..
112.7
183.3
..
..
187.2
115.5
192.1
141.3
177.2
2001
..
..
c
..
168.5
c
121.1
..
..
c
172.0
141.2
c
..
..
..
181.6
..
c
..
..
..
118.1
..
..
..
219.0
123.5
195.9
148.2
184.9
2002
..
..
c
..
187.4
c
121.1
..
..
c
210.2
167.4
c
..
..
..
136.3
..
c
..
..
..
146.5
..
..
..
238.2
118.0
156.1
154.1
154.2
2003
..
..
c
..
219.8
c
151.3
..
..
c
240.9
187.0
c
..
..
..
228.1
..
c
..
..
215.7
245.1
..
..
..
247.7
144.0
236.8
179.3
223.9
2004
..
..
c
..
..
c
161.7
..
..
c
279.3
..
c
..
..
..
..
..
c
..
..
248.6
270.0
..
..
..
253.3
180.1
262.0
..
..
Table 44. US DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATES IN NATIONAL CURRENCIES

Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1978
0.873
1.056
0.781
1.141
14.4
5.511
0.691
0.688
1.027
0.108
37.91
0.662
0.438
210.4
484
0.781
0.023
0.982
0.961
5.241
0.00033
0.219
14.40
0.461
4.517
1.788
0.00002
0.521
1
1980
0.877
0.94
0.725
1.169
14.27
5.636
0.626
0.644
0.929
0.125
32.53
0.618
0.442
226.7
607
0.725
0.023
0.902
1.027
4.937
0.00442
0.249
14.27
0.431
4.229
1.676
0.00008
0.43
1
1985
1.432
1.503
1.473
1.366
17.14
10.595
1.042
1.37
1.505
0.405
50.12
1.201
0.986
238.6
871
1.473
0.327
1.508
2.026
8.594
0.01471
0.848
17.14
1.022
8.602
2.457
0.00052
0.779
1
1990
1.282
0.826
0.829
1.167
17.95
6.186
0.643
0.83
0.826
0.464
63.21
0.768
0.619
144.8
708
0.829
2.841
0.826
1.678
6.258
0.95
0.71
17.95
0.613
5.918
1.389
0.00261
0.563
1
2000
1.727
1.085
1.085
1.485
38.64
8.088
1.085
1.085
1.085
1.069
282.3
1.085
1.085
107.8
1131
1.085
9.453
1.085
2.205
8.797
4.346
1.085
46.23
1.085
9.161
1.688
0.62522
0.661
1
2001
1.935
1.117
1.117
1.548
38.02
8.321
1.117
1.117
1.117
1.117
286.5
1.117
1.117
121.5
1290
1.117
9.344
1.117
2.382
8.993
4.097
1.117
48.35
1.117
10.338
1.687
1.228
0.694
1
2002
1.841
1.061
1.061
1.57
32.73
7.884
1.061
1.061
1.061
1.061
257.4
1.061
1.061
125.3
1251
1.061
9.66
1.061
2.163
7.986
4.082
1.061
45.30
1.061
9.721
1.557
1.512
0.667
1
2003
1.542
0.885
0.885
1.4
28.13
6.577
0.885
0.885
0.885
0.885
224.3
0.885
0.885
115.9
1191
0.885
10.79
0.885
1.724
7.078
3.888
0.885
36.76
0.885
8.078
1.345
1.503
0.612
1
2004
1.359
0.805
0.805
1.301
25.69
5.988
0.805
0.805
0.805
0.805
202.6
0.805
0.805
108.1
1145
0.805
11.281
0.805
1.509
6.739
3.651
0.805
32.23
0.805
7.346
1.243
1.426
0.546
1
Figure 1. OECD - Indices of Real Energy End-Use Prices

(2000=100)
175
150
125
100
75
OILPROD
04
03
02
05
1Q
20
1Q
20
1Q
20
1Q
20
01
1Q
20
00
1Q
20
98
99
1Q
19
97
COAL
1Q
19
96
1Q
19
95
94
93
NATGAS
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
92
1Q
19
ELECTR
1Q
19
91
1Q
19
90
1Q
19
88
87
89
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
86
50
TOTAL
Figure 2. Japan - Indices of Real Energy End-Use Prices

(2000=100)
250
225
200
175
150
125
100
ELECTR
OILPROD
04
03
05
1Q
20
1Q
20
1Q
20
02
1Q
20
01
1Q
20
00
1Q
20
98
97
99
1Q
19
1Q
19
95
96
COAL
1Q
19
1Q
19
94
93
NATGAS
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
92
91
1Q
19
90
1Q
19
88
87
89
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
86
75
TOTAL

Figure 3. USA - Indices of Real Energy End-Use Prices

(2000=100)
175
150
125
100
75
04
05
1Q
20
1Q
20
03
02
1Q
20
01
00
99
OILPROD
1Q
20
1Q
20
1Q
20
98
COAL
1Q
19
97
NATGAS
1Q
19
95
94
96
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
93
ELECTR
1Q
19
1Q
19
91
90
89
92
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
87
88
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
86
50
TOTAL
Figure 4. OECD Europe - Indices of Real Energy End-Use Prices

(2000=100)
175
150
125
100
75
ELECTR

TOTAL
05
1Q
20
04
1Q
20
03
01
02
1Q
20
1Q
20
00
98
99
OILPROD
1Q
20
1Q
20
1Q
19
96
97
COAL
1Q
19
1Q
19
95
94
NATGAS
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
93
1Q
19
91
90
92
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
89
1Q
19
87
88
1Q
19
1Q
19
1Q
19
86
50
World Electricity and Energy Production

Total Production of Energy
12000
10000
Mtoe
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1973
1976
1979
1982
Coal
Oil
1985
Gas
1988
Nuclear
1991
Hydro/Oth.
1994
1997
2000
2003
1997
2000
2003
2000
2003
Comb. Renew.
Electricity Generation by Fuel

18000
16000
14000
TWh
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1973
1976
1979
1982
Coal
1985
Oil
Gas
1988
1991
Nuclear
1994
Hydro
Other
Electricity Generation(1) by Region

18000
16000
14000
TWh
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
OECD Total
Middle East
Former USSR
Non-OECD Europe
China
Asia (excluding China)
Latin America
Africa
(1) Excludes production from pumped storage.

Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries.
Electricity Production by Fuel (TWh)

12000
OECD Total
IEA Total
10000
9000
10000
8000
7000
8000
6000
6000
5000
4000
4000
3000
2000
2000
1000
6000
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
OECD North America
OECD Europe
4000
3500
5000
3000
4000
2500
3000
2000
1500
2000
1000
1000
500
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1800
OECD Pacific
European Union - 15
3000
1600
2500
1400
1200
2000
1000
1500
800
600
1000
400
500
200
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Oil
Coal
Hydro

(1) Includes Solar, Wind, Tide, Other (e.g. Fuel cells).
Natural Gas
Geothermal (1)
Nuclear
Comb. Renewables

250
Australia
Austria
70
60
200
50
150
40
30
100
20
50
10
90
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Belgium
Canada
700
80
600
70
500
60
50
400
40
300
30
200
20
100
10
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
90
Czech Republic
Denmark
60
80
50
70
60
40
50
30
40
30
20
20
10
10
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Oil
Coal
Hydro
Natural Gas
Geothermal (1)
Nuclear
Comb. Renewables


Finland
90
France
600
80
500
70
60
400
50
300
40
30
200
20
100
10
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
700
Germany
Greece
70
600
60
500
50
400
40
300
30
200
20
100
10
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
40
Hungary
Iceland
9
8
35
30
6
25
5
20
4
15
10
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Oil
Coal
Hydro

Natural Gas
Geothermal (1)
Nuclear
Comb. Renewables

Ireland
30
Italy
300
25
250
20
200
15
150
10
100
50
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Japan
1200
Korea
400
350
1000
300
800
250
600
200
150
400
100
200
50
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Luxembourg
Mexico
250
2.5
200
2
150
1.5
100
1
50
0.5
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Oil
Coal
Hydro
Natural Gas
Geothermal (1)
Nuclear
Comb. Renewables


120
Netherlands
New Zealand
45
40
100
35
80
30
25
60
20
40
15
10
20
5
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
160
Norway
Poland
160
140
140
120
120
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
50
Portugal
Slovak Republic
35
45
30
40
25
35
30
20
25
15
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Oil
Coal
Hydro

Natural Gas
Geothermal (1)
Nuclear
Comb. Renewables

Spain
300
Sweden
180
160
250
140
200
120
100
150
80
100
60
40
50
20
0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Switzerland
80
Turkey
160
70
140
60
120
50
100
40
80
30
60
20
40
10
20
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
450
United Kingdom
United States
4500
400
4000
350
3500
300
3000
250
2500
200
2000
150
1500
100
1000
50
500
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Oil
Coal
Hydro
Natural Gas
Geothermal (1)
Nuclear
Comb. Renewables

ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART II - II.1
PART II
OECD ELECTRICITY DATA
DIRECTORY OF PART II TABLES

Part II of Electricity Information contains detailed
statistical information on electricity and heat for the
30 member countries of the OECD and for
OECD/IEA regional aggregates. The tables of regional aggregates are presented before the country
tables, which are set out in alphabetical order.
A full list of the tables is set out below. It should be
noted that not all tables are shown for all countries.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8A.
8B.
Energy consumption, GDP and population.

Total primary energy supply (TPES) by source.
Summary electricity production and consumption.
Electricity generation by source.
Heat production in the transformation sector.
Gross and net electricity production.
Net electricity production by autoproducers.
Fuel use for electricity and heat production.
Imputed energy used for electricity and heat
production.
9. Electricity production and fuel inputs in electricity plants.
10. Electricity production and heat produced for
sale and fuel inputs in CHP plants.
11. Heat produced for sale, and fuel inputs in heat

plants.
12. Final consumption of energy by fuel.
13. Total final consumption of energy and final
consumption of electricity, by sector.
14. Electricity consumption by sector.
15. Electricity consumption by industry.
16. Electricity imports.
17. Electricity exports.
18. Net maximum electricity generating capacity at
31 December.
19. Fuel prices to end-users.
Interpreting energy data and comparing statistics
between countries is made difficult by differences in
definitions used by countries in the collection and
reporting of data. In the following section Principles
and Definitions such differences are explained. The
conventions used by the Secretariat in presenting
energy data are also reported. In particular, readers
are strongly advised to read the country notes for
historical data. Conversion factors and exchange
rates are also included for reference.
1. PRINCIPLES AND DEFINITIONS

The following section is structured as follow:
I
General Notes
II
Data Sources
III Units and Conversions

IV Notes on Energy Sources and Flows
V Price Data
VI Quarterly Statistics
II Data Sources
Historical Data (1960-2003)
The annual historical data in Part II of this report are
taken from the IEA/OECD databases of Energy Statistics which are based on annual submissions from
all OECD member countries.
i)
General Notes
Energy data for OECD countries are submitted

by all OECD member countries to the IEA Secretariat in a common reporting format and methodology to allow for international comparisons to be
made. These data begin in 1960 with the following
exceptions for electricity: for Hungary data begin in
1962, and for the Czech Republic, Korea, Mexico,
and the Slovak Republic data are available from
1971.
Prior to 1970, German statistics refer to the former
Federal Republic of Germany. Data from 1971 include the new federal states of Germany.
The fuels listed as Solar, Wind, Tide includes Wave
and Ocean, unless otherwise noted.
Energy flows data reported for 2004 (shown as
2004e) are preliminary estimates based on the submissions received in early 2005 and on monthly
submissions to the IEA from member countries.
Additional information on methodologies and reporting conventions are included in the notes in Energy Balances of OECD Countries 2002-2003 and
Energy Statistics of OECD Countries 2002-2003.
IEA/OECD Electricity Statistics.
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers generating capacity and electricity production from main activity producer (formerly
known as public) and autoproducer plants. It includes information on electricity production by fuel
type and supply/demand balances for electricity and
for heat sold to third parties from different types of
power and heat plants.
The main data from this system are published annually in this IEA/OECD publication Electricity
Information.
ii) IEA/OECD Coal Statistics
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers all primary solid fuels, derived fuels and
related manufactured gases. It contains detailed
supply/demand balances for each fuel, as well as
information on coal trade by origin and destination.
The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Coal Information and Energy Statistics of OECD Countries.
iii) IEA/OECD Oil and Gas Statistics.
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers crude oil, NGL, refinery feedstocks and
natural gas, as well as derived petroleum products.
II.6 - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART II
It includes detailed supply/demand balances, trade

by origin and destination and stock levels and
changes.
The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Oil Information
and Natural Gas Information.
iv) IEA/OECD Renewables Statistics.
This database of annual statistics for OECD countries covers hydro, solid biomass, geothermal, renewable municipal waste, wind, gas from biomass,
liquid biofuels, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal,
tide/wave/ocean, non-renewable municipal waste
and industrial waste. It includes electricity and
heat production from renewable sources, and a
supply/demand balances of renewable and waste
products.
The main data from this system are published annually in the IEA/OECD publications Renewables Information.
viii) OECD Main Economic Indicators

OECD Main Economic Indicators is a monthly
compilation of a range of indicators on recent economic developments for the 30 OECD member
countries. Please refer to this publication for detailed
notes regarding the selected indicators.
Latest Year Data: 2004

Data reported for 2004 in this publication are submitted to the Secretariat by member countries as
preliminary data and are shown in this book as
2004e. Final 2004 data on electricity and heat will
be submitted by OECD member countries to the
Secretariat in Annual Questionnaires in late 2005.
As a result, final data for 2004 and preliminary 2005
data will be published in the 2006 edition of Electricity Information.
III Units and Conversions
v) IEA/OECD Energy Statistics.

This annual database integrates data from the four
IEA/OECD statistical database systems listed above
to provide a summary of energy supply and demand
for each OECD country. It includes detailed statistics on production, trade and consumption for each
source of energy, expressed in original units (e.g.
tonne, TJ, GWh).
The main data from this data system are published
annually in the IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of
OECD Countries. Detailed country notes referring
to historical data can be found in this publication.
vi) IEA/OECD Energy Balances.
Overall energy balances are constructed annually for
all OECD countries from the basic energy statistics
described above. The overall energy balance data
are expressed in a common energy unit of tonne of
oil equivalent (toe) and presented in a standard matrix format. The balances are published annually in
the IEA/OECD publication Energy Balances of
OECD Countries in which detailed country notes
referring to historical data can be found.
vii) IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.
The statistics are discussed separately below. The
prices and taxes are published quarterly in
IEA/OECD Energy Prices and Taxes.
Conversion (to toe)

All units in this publication are metric units. Most
IEA/OECD publications showing inter-fuel relations
and projections present such information in a common energy unit, the tonne of oil equivalent (toe). A
tonne of oil equivalent is defined as 107 kcal
(41.868 GJ), a convenient measure because it is approximately the net heat content of one tonne of average crude oil. This unit is used by the IEA/OECD
in its energy balances. Note also that totals may not
be the sum of their components due to independent
rounding.
The change from using the original unit to tonne of
oil equivalent implies choosing coefficients of
equivalence between different forms and sources of
energy. This problem can be approached in many
different ways. For example one could adopt a single equivalence for each major primary energy
source in all countries, e.g. 29 307 kJ/kg (7 000
kcal/kg) for hard coal, 41 868 kJ/kg (10 000
kcal/kg) for oil, etc.
The main objection to this method is that it results in
distortions since there is a wide spread in calorific
values between types of coal and individual coal
products, and between calorific values of these fuels
in different countries.
The Secretariat has therefore adopted specific calorific factors supplied by the national administrations
for the main categories of each quality of coal and
for each flow or use (i.e. production, imports, exports, electricity generation, coke ovens, blast furnaces and industry). For crude oil, specific factors
have been used based on consultations with experts
from the national administrations, while petroleum
products have a single set of conversion factors for
all countries.
In the case of electricity produced from geothermal

heat the primary equivalent is calculated assuming
an efficiency of 10%, when the geothermal energy
input is not submitted by a country
The balances are expressed in terms of "net" calorific value. The difference between the "net" and the
"gross" calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat
of vaporisation of the water produced during combustion of the fuel. For coal and oil, net calorific
value is usually around 5% less than gross, for most
forms of natural and manufactured gas the difference is 9-10%, while for electricity there is no difference as the concept has no meaning in this case.
The use of net calorific value is consistent with the
practice of the Statistical Offices of the European
Communities and the United Nations.
In the case of geothermal heat, the primary equivalent is calculated assuming an average thermal efficiency of 50%, when the geothermal energy input is
not submitted by a country.
Electricity data are converted from original units of

gigawatt hours to million tonnes of oil equivalent
using the relationship:
Gross and Net Electricity Production
1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe.

Complete listings of net calorific values to convert
energy sources from basic units to tonne of oil
equivalent are reported in section IV and can be
found at the end of this Chapter.
Electricity
All electricity data are reported to the IEA in GWh
or MW (for capacity).
Figures for the energy equivalent of electricity production, trade, and final consumption are calculated
using the energy content of the electricity, i.e. at a
rate of 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. Hydro-electricity production (excluding pumped storage) and electricity
produced by other non-thermal means (wind, tide,
photovoltaic, etc.), are accounted for similarly using
1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe.
However, the primary energy equivalent of nuclear
electricity is calculated from the gross generation by
assuming a 33% conversion efficiency, i.e. 1 TWh =
(0.086 0.33) Mtoe. The 33% figure is based on
empirical data obtained by Eurostat on conversion
efficiencies in nuclear plants in the European Union.
1 TWh = (0.086 0.1) Mtoe.
Heat
Information on heat is supplied in Terajoules (TJ).
1 TJ = 2.388 10-5 Mtoe.
1 TJ = (2.388 10-5 0.5) Mtoe.
IV Notes on Energy Sources

and Flows
Electricity and Heat
Gross electricity production is measured at the terminals of all alternator sets in a station; it therefore
includes the energy taken by station auxiliaries and
losses in transformers that are considered integral
parts of the station. Net electricity production is
defined as gross production less own use of power
plants which appears in the energy sector under
electric plants. Net electricity production is measured at the station busbars, after deduction of electricity consumed within the station.
The difference between gross and net production is
generally observed to be about 7% for conventional
thermal stations, 1% for hydro stations and 6% for
nuclear.
Hydro stations' production (gross and net) includes
production from pumped storage plants.
Fuel consumption in combustible fuel-fired power
plants is split into two categories of producers (main
activity producers and autoproducers) as well as
into three types of plants (electricity, CHP and heat).
These are defined as follows:
Types of Producers
Producers are classified according to the purpose of
production:
Main activity producers generate electricity and/or

heat for sale to third parties, as their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. Note
that the sale need not take place through the public
grid.
Autoproducers generate electricity and/or heat,
wholly or partly for their own use as an activity
which supports their primary activity.
Autoproducers heat production should comprise
only heat sold to third parties. The input fuels should
correspond to the quantity of fuels used to produce
the heat sold. The use of fuels for heat which is not
sold is recorded under the sectors in which the fuel
use occurs.
Types of Plants
Electricity plants refer to plants which are designed
to produce electricity only. If one or more units of
the plant are a CHP unit then the whole plant is designated as a CHP plant.
Combined Heat and Power plants (CHP) refers to
plants which are designed to produce both heat and
electricity (sometimes referred to as co-generation
power stations). Where possible, fuel inputs and
electricity/heat outputs are reported on a unit basis
rather than on a plant basis.
Heat Plants refers to plants designed to produce
heat only.
Heat delivered from CHP or heat plants may be used
for process or space heating purposes in any sector
of economic activity including the residential sector.
It should be noted that the reporting of data on fuel
use and electricity and heat production according to
plant type is normally conducted at the level of the
plant, assuming that if a plant comprises at least one
CHP unit then the entire plant is considered a CHP
plant.
Electricity Import and Export
Amounts of electricity are considered imported or
exported when they have crossed the national territorial boundaries of the country. If electricity is
wheeled or transited through a country, the
amount is shown as both an import and an export.
Net Maximum Capacity at Peak Period
Net maximum capacity is defined as the sum of net
maximum capacities of all stations taken individually
at a given period of operation. It is the maximum
power assumed to be solely active power that can be

supplied, continuously, with all plants running, at
the point of outlet to the network. It is assumed that
all equipment is in full working order, that the
power produced can be disposed of without any restrictions and that optimum conditions prevail as
regards primary sources (i.e. flow and head in the
case of hydro plants; grades and quantity of fuel in
hand and water supply, temperature and purity, in
the case of combustible fuel-fired plants and assuming that the output and method of production in
CHP plants are those which lend to maximum electricity production). The period of operation assumed
for present purposes is continuous running: in practice 15 hours or more per day.
The capacity is net in the sense that it is the output
capacity measured at the station busbars, i.e. after
deducting the power consumed by station auxiliaries
and losses in station transformers.
Single-Fired Capacity refers to units equipped to
burn only one fuel type on a continuous basis. The
conventional thermal fuel types are the following:
-
Coal and Coal Products: Including all types of

coal, blast furnace gas and coke oven gas.
Liquids: Including crude oil and oil products,

refinery gas, and other liquid fuels.
Natural Gas: Natural gas and gas works gas.
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Covers

biomass, animal products and wastes.
Multi-Fired Capacity refers to units that can burn

more than one fuel individually and/or a combination of fuels on a continuous basis. A multi-fired
unit can have either one boiler which can use more
than one fuel, or two boilers each utilising a single
fuel, but which feed the same generator either singly
or together. The unit is capable of generating its net
maximum capacity, or a large proportion of its
maximum capacity using any one of the fuels nominated.
Heat
Data collected on heat has been expanded to obtain
more disaggregated data on inputs and outputs of
combined heat and power plants and on heat only
plants. Data on heat become available in different
years for different countries and thus aggregated
country data should be used with caution.
Coal
Coal is a family name for a variety of solid organic
fuels and refers to a whole range of combustible
sedimentary rock materials spanning a continuous
quality scale. For convenience, this continuous series is often divided into four categories:
Anthracite
Bituminous Coal
Sub-bituminous Coal
Lignite
However, coal quality can vary and it is not always

possible to ensure that available descriptive and
analytical information is truly representative of the
body of coal to which it refers.
The International Coal Classification of the Economic Commission for Europe (UN/ECE) recognises two broad categories of coal:
i)
HARD COAL - Coal of gross calorific value

greater than 5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) on an
ash-free but moist basis and with a mean random reflectance of vitrinite of at least 0.6.
ii)
BROWN COAL - Non-agglomerating coal

with a gross calorific value less than
5 700 kcal/kg (23.9 GJ/t) containing more than
31% volatile matter on a dry mineral matter
free basis.
The IEA has adopted this definition of hard coal and

brown coal in this book and in other publications.
It should be stressed that this classification system is
based on the inherent qualities of the coal in question and not on the final use of the coal. In this way
the classification system attempts to be objective
and simple to apply.
In this context hard coal normally corresponds to
anthracite and bituminous coal. However for the
countries listed below, hard coal also includes subbituminous coal - Australia, Belgium, Finland,
France, Iceland, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal and the United States.
Except for these 11 countries, brown coal is equivalent to sub-bituminous coal and lignite. In this publication coke oven coke, gas coke and patent fuel
used for electricity generation or heat production are
included in hard coal, while brown coal briquettes
(BKB) is included in brown coal.
In tables where data are presented in Mtoe in this

book and sourced to OECD/IEA Energy Balances,
the term "Coal" includes all primary coal types (including hard coal and brown coal), peat and coal
products (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas
coke, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, and
oxygen steel furnace gas). In some tables Coal
Gases are reported separately; in such cases Coal
does not include these gases.
Peat is defined as a combustible soft, porous or
compressed fossil sedimentary deposit of plant origin with high water content (up to 90% in the raw
state), easily cut, of light to dark brown colour.
Coal Gases
Derived gaseous fuels are products resulting from
the transformation or manufacturing of hard coal,
brown coal or other primary solid fuels, sometimes
with the addition of other materials. Included in this
category are coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and
oxygen steel furnace gas. To calculate the net heat
content of a coal gas from its gross heat content, the
following factors have been used:
Product
Coke oven gas
Blast furnace gas
Oxygen steel furnace gas
Gross to
Net Ratio
0.9
1.0
1.0
Combustible Renewables and Waste

This category refers to the combustible fuels other
than coal, oil and natural gas that are used for electricity and/or heat generation and covers biomass,
animal products and wastes. Specific products included are: solid biomass and original products,
gases/liquids from biomass, industrial waste and
municipal waste.
Oil
In this publication, oil includes crude oil, refinery
feedstocks, natural gas liquids, hydrocarbons not of
crude oil origin and all petroleum products: LPG,
refinery gas, aviation gasoline, motor gasoline,
jet fuel, kerosene, gas/diesel oil, residual fuel oil,
naphtha, white spirit, lubricants, bitumen, paraffin
waxes, petroleum coke and other petroleum
products.
The following net calorific values for petroleum

products are used for all countries and all years (toe
per tonne).
Product
Refinery Gas
Ethane
LPG
Naphtha
Aviation Gasoline
Motor Gasoline
Jet Fuel
Other Kerosene
Gas/Diesel Oil
Residual Fuel Oil
Petroleum Coke
Other Products
toe/tonne
1.150
1.180
1.130
1.075
1.070
1.070
1.065
1.045
1.035
0.960
0.740
0.960
Gas
In this publication, gas includes natural gas (excluding natural gas liquids) and gas works gas (town
gas). To calculate the net heat content of a gas from
its gross heat content, the following factors have
been used
Product
Natural gas
Gas works gas
Gross to
Net Ratio
0.9
0.9
V Price Data
Prices are published quarterly in IEA/OECD Energy
Prices and Taxes, where complete notes on prices
may be obtained.
Indices of Real Energy End-Use Prices

The methodology for calculating the real and nominal indices of real energy end-use prices is as follows:
For products where more than one price is available,
a representative series is created for each country.
The representative heavy fuel oil price is a combination of high sulphur fuel oil and low sulphur fuel oil.
The representative motor gasoline price is a combination of the most consumed unleaded gasoline for
recent time periods and leaded gasoline for earlier
time periods.
For oil, the industry index includes representative
heavy fuel oil, light fuel oil and automotive diesel
but not fuels used for electricity generation. The
household index includes representative gasoline and

light fuel oil.
Indices with the base year 2000=100 were computed
for each price series from prices in national currencies and then aggregated over product groups, sectors and countries. The Paasche formula was used
for index computation. The weights used were the
physical quantities consumed, as published in the
OECD/IEA Energy Statistics of OECD countries.
To calculate the real price index, the nominal prices
were deflated with country-specific producer price
indices (2000=100) for the industry sector and with
country-specific consumer price indices (2000=100)
for the household sector. The regional aggregates
were calculated as the weighted averages of country
specific indices, using consumption quantities as the
weights.
Energy End-User Prices, Taxes and Price

in National Currencies
General definitions:
In general, end-use prices
Include transport costs to the consumer;
Are prices actually paid (i.e. net of rebates);
Include taxes which have to be paid by the consumer as part of the transaction and which are
not refundable. This excludes value added tax
(VAT) paid in many European countries by industry (including electric power stations) and
commercial end-users for all goods and services
(including energy). In these cases VAT is refunded to the customer, usually in the form of a
tax credit. Therefore it is not included in the
prices and taxes columns in the tables. This also
applies to automotive diesel for the EU countries. The VAT percentages shown in the country notes refer to a pre-VAT price that includes
all other taxes.
The major exception to the above rules is the United

States due to lack of information. Although all energy products are subject to non-refundable taxes at
least at the state and local level, only gasoline and
automotive diesel include total average taxes. All
other energy product prices shown exclude taxes
since the national average of local taxes remains
unknown and price data are collected on an ex-tax
basis.
Sources
Most of the prices are submitted on a quarterly basis
to the IEA Secretariat by Administrations; others are
taken from national publications or web sites.
Oil Products
By decision dated 26 January 1977, the European
Commission initiated a weekly reporting system of
end-use prices and taxes for the following products:
RFO 1 (sulphur content <1 %); RFO 2 (sulphur content <2 %); heating gas oil (delivery size of 2-5 kl
per transaction); automotive diesel oil, and Euro
super 95 and leaded premium gasoline (pump
prices). Prices are reported to the Commission as
delivered prices and exclude rebates.
For some EU countries, no special series are available on heavy fuel oil prices for electricity generation and on light fuel oil for industry. They have
been approximated as the ex-VAT prices for heavy
fuel oil for industry and light fuel oil for households,
respectively.
Coal
Given the great variety of coal qualities in domestic
and international coal trade, a selection of a standard
coal quality for international comparisons of end-use
prices is not possible. Therefore, prices refer to the
most common qualities for each country and are not
necessarily comparable between countries. This is
especially true for prices shown under the heading
"Steam Coal for Households", where prices shown
may refer to bituminous steam coal, anthracite, lignite or even coke.
Natural Gas and Electricity

For studies on price behaviour and policies in the
field of natural gas and electricity, the concept of
average unit value is also of particular importance.
These two forms of energy are supplied under a
multitude of contract or tariff conditions which link
the prices to the quantity delivered, the continuity of
the supply, load factors and the diurnal pattern of
use. The contracts or tariffs may also include a fixed
charge component
However, when seeking a representative overall
price of electricity and natural gas for broad sectors
such as industry and households, the average unit
value is the most appropriate. It is obtained either
from utilities as average revenue per unit delivered

or from industry or households as average expenditure per unit purchased. Most of the average unit
values are only available on an annual basis.
The prices for natural gas refer to 107 kcal using the
gross calorific value of the gas. Prices for 107 kcal
using the net calorific value would be approximately
11% higher.
Prices per Heat Equivalent of 1 metric ton

of Oil
The prices expressed in terms of the heat content of
the fuel have been derived from those shown for the
original physical units by applying heat conversion
factors. These factors reflect the average net heat
content of a given fuel in a given country. See the
note on electricity.
Energy End-User Prices in US dollars

In general, country differentials between national
end-use prices expressed in U.S. dollars are heavily
influenced by exchange rate differentials. However,
world market prices of primary fuels in U.S. dollars
are an important parameter for the pricing of final
energy consumption, particularly for countries
which rely heavily on energy imports.
The difference between world market prices and
national end-use prices in U.S. dollars correspond to
the remaining pricing parameters, i.e., transformation and distribution costs, non-internationally tradable energy sources (mainly hydro-power, but also
natural gas), market structures (e.g., mix of largeand small- purchase lots), and the pricing policies of
central or local authorities, which naturally include
the national tax policies.
Household Energy Prices in US dollars:

Purchasing Power Parities versus
Exchange Rates
In recent years, there have been wide fluctuations in
exchange rates and there has been some concern
regarding international price comparisons based on
exchange rates which may not reflect the relative
purchasing power of different currencies.
An alternative method of comparison is provided by
Purchasing Power Parities (PPP) which are the rates
of currency conversion that equalise the purchasing
power of different currencies. A given sum of money,

when converted into different currencies at the PPP
rates, buys the same basket of goods and services in
all countries. In other words, PPP's are the rates of
currency conversion which eliminate the differences
in price levels between different countries.
Refinery balances for crude oil, NGL, refinery

feedstocks, and total (including inputs of origin
other than crude oil and NGL);
Complete product balances of production,

trade, refinery intake and output, final consumption, stock levels and changes;
Purchasing Power Parities used here were developed

jointly by the Economics and Statistics Division of
the OECD and the Statistical Office of the European
Communities (EUROSTAT) to enable international
price comparisons to be made for GDP and its components. (For more information on methodology, see
www.oecd.org/std/ppp).
Crude, NGL and feedstock imports from

47 origins and exports to 24 destinations;
Trade data for main product groups, LPG and

naphtha; imports from 43 origins and exports to
30 destinations;
Natural Gas
VI Quarterly Energy Statistics
Readers who are interested in very recent data

should consult the OECD/IEA publication Oil, Gas
Coal and Electricity Quarterly Statistics which is
published in January, March, June and September
each year.
This book provides rapid, accurate and detailed statistics on quarterly production, supply and demand
and trade of the major energy forms mainly in, but
not limited to, the OECD area.
The information contained in this publication
consists of:
Balances of supply and consumption of OECD

member Countries.
Imports from 26 origins and exports to 15
destinations;
Coal
-
World hard coal and brown coal production;

World steam coal and coking coal trade;
Coking coal and steam coal imports and exports for major OECD countries;
Electricity
-
Oil
-
Production of crude oil and NGL for the major

producers in the world.
Electricity net production, (separately from

combustible fuel, nuclear, hydro and other
sources) imports, exports and (apparent)
consumption in each of the 30 OECD member countries.
2. GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE
Australia excludes the overseas territories.
Denmark excludes
Greenland.
the
Danish
Faroes
and
France includes Monaco but excludes the French

overseas territories Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, Reunion, St.-Pierre and Miquelon, New Caledonia and French Polynesia.
Italy includes San Marino and the Vatican.
Japan includes Okinawa.
The Netherlands excludes Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles.
Portugal includes the Aores and Madeira.
Spain includes the Canary Islands.
Switzerland does not include Liechtenstein.
United States includes 50 States and District of
Columbia.
OECD Total comprises Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico,
Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and United States.
With the exception of Iceland, Mexico, Poland and
the Slovak Republic (in italics below) all OECD
members (30 countries) are also members of the
IEA (26 countries).
OECD North America comprises Canada, Mexico,
United States.
OECD Europe comprises Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey,
United Kingdom.
OECD Pacific comprises Australia, Japan, Korea,
New Zealand.
IEA regional totals include only IEA member countries and therefore exclude non-IEA members,
shown in italics above.
European Union 15 comprises Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal,
Spain, Sweden, and United Kingdom.
3. COUNTRY NOTES
General Notes Applicable to All Countries
These notes refer to data from 1960 to 2003. As a
general rule, most series show a more detailed
breakdown from 1970, due to limited availability of
data prior to that year. Data on inputs to and output
from combined heat and power plants, and from
heat plants may have been estimated by the Secretariat.
Prior to 1974, there is no split available between
main activity producer and autoproducer electricity
plants for any country. For the United States there
are no data available on autoproducers prior to
1989. For Australia, Japan and New Zealand (prior
to 1994) electricity data refer to fiscal years
Data on electricity trade prior to 1991 of the new
federal German states (former DDR) are not available and, as a result, trade data for Germany, prior to
1991, exclude these data.
Australia
Australia excludes the overseas territories.
Data refer to fiscal year (July 2002 to June 2003 for
2003).
In 2002 the Australian Administration reclassified
some autoproducers to main activity producers
which causes breaks in time series. The breakdown
of the production by fuel at autoproducer CHP
plants has been estimated by the Secretariat from
1992 to 2001. Prior to 1992 net electricity production by autoproducers in electricity (only) plants
includes that for CHP plants, and only production
from combustible fuel sources is taken into account.
The production of electricity from wind is available
from 1994 and solar electricity from 1995. Prior to
1995, electricity production from gases from biomass is included in electricity generation from natural gas.
Heat production from brown coal at main activity
producer CHP plants ended in 1991.
Inputs and outputs from autoproducer CHP plants
are not available prior to 1986. Fuels used for generation by autoproducers are for single-fuel-fired
units only. The use of fuel in multi-fired units, operated by autoproducers, is included in industry
consumption of electricity.
Prior to 1971 electricity consumption in the residential and commercial sectors is included in industry.
The breakdown of electricity consumption in industry sub-sectors and in the energy sector is not available prior to 1974.
Prior to 1974, electricity consumption in the energy
sector is included in industry. Electricity consumption in coke ovens has been estimated by the Australian Administration from 1974.
The direct use of solar energy (mostly domestic solar panels) is available from 1974.
Capacity refers to net maximum capacity at 30th of
June. Capacity at peak load is not available from
1994 to 2000.
Austria
Breaks in series from 1995 to 1996 and from 1998
to 1999 are due to different methods of survey.
Output of electricity from CHP plants is included in
main activity producer electricity plants prior to
1981. Prior to 1981, net electricity production by
autoproducers in electricity (only) plants includes
that for CHP plants, and only production from
combustible fuel sources is taken into account. Data

for wind are available from 1995 and for solar
photovoltaic (PV) are available from 1993.
Prior to 1981, autoproducer CHP heat is included in
main activity producer CHP plants. For heat, own
use is included in distribution losses.
Inputs to main activity producer electricity plants
include inputs to CHP plants prior to 1981.
Electricity consumption in gas works is included in
petroleum refineries prior to 1991. Starting in 1991,
electricity consumption in patent fuel plants, coke
ovens and BKB plants are included in petroleum
refineries.
Consumption in commercial and public service includes small industries, offices in the tertiary sector
and electricity use in electricity supply, district heating and water supply companies prior to 1991. Consumption in electricity supply, district heating and
water supply companies is included in other energy
sector from 1991. Starting in 1990, small amounts of
electricity used in heat pumps have been included in
the residential sector.
Only gross maximum electrical capacity is available.
Breakdowns by type of generation/fuel for autoproducer plants are not available from 1988 to 1992.
Belgium
The federal authorities are changing their method of
collecting data: instead of receiving data from the
Fdration des Producteurs dlectricit (FEP),
the operators in the relevant sectors will be surveyed
by the Ministry of Economic Affairs according to a
survey based on that of the IEA. Moreover the Institut de Conseil et dtudes en Dveloppement
Durable (ICEDD), through its co-ordinating role
with respect to the regional authorities, provides
complementary information (such as small off-grid
power stations, and data on heat from renewable
sources) which may not be collected by the FEP.
Prior to 1982, electricity production in main activity
producer CHP plants is included in production from
electricity plants. Also, inputs of fuels for electricity
generation in main activity producer electricity
plants include inputs for heat production in CHP
plants.
From 1998, electricity production at main activity
producer CHP plants with annual heat output below
0.5 TJ is reported with main activity producer electricity only plants.

Electricity production by autoproducer CHP plants
is included in production of electricity plants up to
2000. Thereafter electricity production at CHP
plants is reported with CHP plants; the heat output is
used for internal industrial processes and is not sold
to third parties.
Heat output from CHP plants is not available prior
to 1973.
from 1987. No electricity production from solar is
reported.
Break in series between 1991 and 1992 for heat consumption in chemical and non-specified industry.
Prior to 1982, data on electrical capacity by type of
generation are not available.
Canada
Electricity outputs from sub-bituminous coal are
included with lignite. The breakdown of electricity
and heat generation between natural gas and liquid
fuels in main activity producer CHP plants have
been estimated by the Canadian Administration
starting in 1990. This may cause breaks in the time
series between 1989 and 1990. For autoproducers
generating electricity with process steam produced
from combustible renewables and waste, the energy
required to produce the initial steam is not taken into
account by the Canadian Administration and as a
result, the efficiencies are overstated. Net electricity
production by autoproducers prior to 1990 includes
production from combustible fuel sources only.
Electricity and heat outputs from municipal waste
and biogas have been estimated for 1990 to 2003 by
the IEA Secretariat.
Heat production includes heat produced by nuclear
power stations for distribution to other consumers.
Secretariat estimates have been made for certain
inputs to CHP production based on output. However, incompatibility of data for inputs to and output
from thermal production of autoproducers may result in variable efficiency rates. Inputs of fuels to
heat plants are not available for 1979 to 1987. The
inputs of combustible renewables and wastes to
autoproducer electricity plants from 1981 to 2003
were revised by the IEA Secretariat.
Breaks in series occur between 1973 and 1974 in

agriculture, and between 1987 and 1988 in the industry sector. Consumption of electricity in coal
mines is not available between 1982 and 1986. Consumption of electricity in oil and gas extraction is
not available prior to 1987. All transport sector consumption was previously reported in rail transport.
It has been transferred to non-specified transport
since the data relates mostly to urban transit (subways, trolleys, buses).
Only gross maximum electricity capacity is available. From 2000, data on capacity were estimated by
the Secretariat based on Statistics Canadas Electric
Power Generating Stations publication. Prior to
1981, data on electrical capacity by type of generation are not available.
Czech Republic
Data are available from 1971.
Electricity statistics from 1971 to 1992 have been
estimated by the Secretariat, except for final consumption and trade which were submitted by the
Czech Administration. Data from 1993 onwards
have been officially submitted by the Czech Administration. This may lead to breaks in series between 1992 and 1993. Electricity production in main
activity producer and autoproducer CHP plants is
included in main activity producer electricity plants
prior to 1993. The breakdown of net electricity production by source is not available prior to 1993.
Prior to 1999, electricity outputs from lignite are
included with sub-bituminous coal. In 1999 and
2000 various big enterprises have been divided, sold
and merged. This causes breaks in the time series of
all types of plants. The new reporting methodology
used by the Czech Administration for combustible
renewables and wastes causes some breaks in time
series between 2002 and 2003.
Data on heat production, and the corresponding fuel
inputs, have been estimated from 1980 to 1992
based on consumption in the residential and commercial/public services sectors. Prior to that, inputs
are included in industry. Heat production prior to
1993 excludes heat sold by industry. The breakdown
of heat production between main activity producer
CHP and heat plants is not available prior to 1993.
Accordingly, all heat production is reported in main
activity producers heat plants.
Industrial waste use in main activity producer electricity plants is included in solid biomass from 1996.
Data on gases from biomass and wastes used in
main activity producer CHP and autoproducer heat
plants start in 1997.
The breakdown of trade by origin and destination
may not be complete prior to 1990.
The breakdown of generating capacity is not available prior to 1993. Starting in 2000, the peak load
data reported in main activity producers include the
autoproducers value.
Denmark
Denmark excludes
Greenland.
the
Danish
Faroes
and
This year, major revisions were made by the Danish

Administration for the 1990 to 2002 data, which
may cause breaks in time series between 1989 and
1990.
from 1978.
Heat data are not available prior to 1976. Geothermal and solar heat production for sale is available
from 1989. Heat produced for sale in heat pumps
starts in 1994.
From 1984 onwards, small amounts of heat have
been imported from Germany.
Electricity consumption in non-specified energy sectors includes consumption in district heating plants
and use for the distribution of electricity.
The direct use of solar energy is available from
1978.
Prior to 1981 for main activity producers, to 1994
for autoproducers, data on electrical capacity by
type of generation are not available.
Finland
A new survey system and a reclassification of the
data lead to breaks in the time series between 1999
and 2000 for most products and sectors.
Electricity production from combustible renewables
and wastes is not available between 1974 and 1976.
Electricity and heat production from gases derived
from wastes are available from 1996. Breakdown of
net electricity production by autoproducers is not

available before 1999.
Heat output from autoproducer CHP plants is available from 1996; corresponding inputs may be under-reported.
Consumption of liquid fuels and natural gas in CHP
plants are included with the consumption of these
fuels in main activity producer electricity only and
heat only plants prior to 1978. Prior to 1992, Peat
includes inputs and outputs from the use of combustible renewables and wastes to generate electricity
and/or heat (i.e. comprising solid and liquid
biomass, industrial wastes, municipal wastes and
gases derived from wastes). Inputs of peat in tonnes
for electricity and heat production have been
estimated by the Secretariat prior to 1992 based on
data submitted in terajoules (TJ) by the Finish
Administration.
Consumption of electricity in the industry sub-sector
machinery includes consumption in transport
equipment from 1990.
Breakdown of consumption of heat by industry subsectors is not available. Consumption of heat in residential includes consumption in commercial and
public services and agriculture sectors.
Net maximum electricity capacity data are not available prior to 1974 and 2003 figures were not submitted to the IEA. Data reported in autoproducers
steam generation includes all types of generation.
France
France includes Monaco but excludes the French
overseas territories Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, Reunion, St.-Pierre and Miquelon, New Caledonia and French Polynesia.
A new method of survey and a reclassification between main activity producer electricity plants and
autoproducer electricity plants may cause break in
the series for hard coal between 1998 and 1999. For
2001 to 2003, there are further classification problems for inputs and outputs of electricity from oil.
The French Administration is working to reconcile
their data collection methods for the inputs and the
outputs for electricity generation. Plants using municipal waste were reclassified as autoproducers
CHP plants from 1995, which leads to a break in
time series.
Net electricity production by autoproducers prior to

1983 includes production from combustible fuel
sources only. Net electricity production by autoproducers in CHP plants is available from 1989. Electricity production from wind is available from 1991.
Data on heat sold to third parties are not available
prior to 1989.
There are major breaks in series in 1965 when more
detailed breakdown of data on electricity consumption became available. The industry classifications
used by the French Administration were changed in
1986.
A large part of electricity consumption in the category non-specified energy sectors is consumption in
uranium treatment plants; this electricity consumption is not available prior to 1980. Consumption of
electricity in the nuclear industry is not available
prior to 1980. Consumption of electricity in oil
refineries is included in oil and gas extraction from
1988 to 2000. Total energy sector includes the statistical differences from 1992. Consumption of electricity in the non-specified sector includes exports to
Monaco prior to 1992.
From 1995, due to a change in the economic activity
classification, data have been reported in nonspecified other sectors.
Germany
Data for Germany include the new federal German
states from 1970, but only the former Federal Republic of Germany from 1960 to 1969. A new survey for the renewables products can cause breaks in
the time series between 1998 and 1999.
The GDP figures prior to 1991 have been based on
conversions made by the German Institute for Economic Research (Deutsches Institut fr Wirtschaftsforschung) and the former Statistical Office of the
GDR (Statistisches Amt der DDR). These conversions are calculations which are highly dependant on
specific hypotheses and do not necessarily reflect
economic realities.
All data relating to input and output of electricity
(main activity producer or autoproducer) are included in electricity plants. Net electricity produc-
tion by autoproducers prior to 1994 includes production from combustible fuel sources only. Data on
electricity production from wind and solar are available from 1986 and 1990, respectively. In some instances, electricity generation from nuclear, hydro,
solar and wind in autoproducers electricity plants are
confidential or non-available and therefore included
in main activity producer electricity plants. The
same applies to gases from biomass as from 1999.
For 2002 and 2003, the German Administration did
not submit the breakdown of electricity and heat
production from combustible fuels. The data were
estimated by the Secretariat as follows: renewables
and wastes were taken from the Renewables and
Wastes questionnaire and the other combustible fuels were estimated pro rata based on 2001 estimates.
Greece
All data relating to input and output of heat are included in main activity producer CHP plants. Heat
production and consumption, which are not available prior to 1970, have been estimated by the Secretariat based in Energiebilanz der Bundesrepublic
fr das Jahr 1990 provided by the German Institute
for Economic Research. Production and consumption of heat data from 1996 have been estimated by
the Secretariat.
Hungary
Prior to 1991, electricity trade data includes only

trade of Former Federal Republic of Germany.
Starting in 1984, small amounts of heat have been
exported to Denmark.
Between 1971 and 1980 electricity consumption in
coal mines includes consumption in coke ovens and
BKB plants. Breakdown of consumption by industry sub-sectors for the new federal German states
has been estimated by the Secretariat for 1990. Consumption of electricity in the energy sector for the
new federal German states has been estimated by the
Secretariat for 1991 and 1992. The German Federal
Statistics Office reclassified some industrial
branches which may cause a break in series in final
consumption sub-sectors of industry between 1994
and 1995. Electricity consumed in the energy sector
is not available for small industrial plants in 2000,
which may cause breaks in the time series.
generation are not available. Electricity generating
capacity and electricity trade data for unified Germany are not available prior to 1991.
No production of solar heat is reported. Production

or consumption of distributed heat (heat sold) that is
produced from lignite is available from 1997.
Electricity consumption in iron and steel and in the
non-ferrous metals industry prior to 1971 has been
estimated by the Secretariat. There is a break in series between 1991 and 1992 for electricity consumption in transport.
Data on direct use of solar and geothermal heat are
available from 1989.

There is a break in the time series in 1990 due to a
reclassification of autoproducer heat plants using
solid biomass. For natural gas, there are breaks in
series between 1996 and 1997 for main activity
producer and autoproducer plants. Hungarian Administration reclassified some of their plants in 1996
and 2000 which may lead to the breaks in time
series.
The electricity and heat statistics were revised by the
Hungarian Administration in early 2000. The revision of heat production data to conform to IEA reporting methodologies may result in a mismatch of
fuel inputs with electricity and heat outputs by plant
type, which could suggest high efficiencies.
Prior to 2000, electricity output from subbituminous coal is included with lignite. The breakdown of electricity production from combustible
fuels and their corresponding inputs is not available
prior to 1965. Nuclear electricity production in main
activity producer electricity plants is available after
1983. Electricity and heat production from solid
biomass autoproducer CHP plants is available from
1995. Geothermal heat production from main activity producer heat plants is also available from 1995.
Electricity and heat production from municipal
wastes are available from 1998.
Geothermal direct use is available from 1990. Direct
use of solar thermal heat is available from 2001.
Iceland
Electricity production from geothermal sources in
main activity producer CHP plants is available from
1992. In 1998, 60 MW of generating capacity was
installed in the geothermal CHP plant at Nesjavellier. Since the plant was inoperable for four months,
production of geothermal heat decreased compared
to 1997. The extra electricity capacity caused electricity production from geothermal to almost double
over the same period.
Heat production from municipal wastes is available
from 1993. In 2002 the increase of heat produced by
geothermal was due to the installation of 3rd unit at
the Nasjavellir CHP power plant.
Energy sector consumption of electricity refers
mainly the use of electricity by the geothermal industry to pump geothermal water from underground.
Prior to 1970, total final consumption included inputs and outputs to heat production and non-energy
use. After 1970, data on inputs and outputs in CHP
plants and in main activity producer heat plants
(also known as district heat plants), and for nonenergy use are separately specified. The consumption of electricity (and heat from 1983) in the NATO
base at Keflavik airport is reported in other sectors.
Residential sector includes agriculture prior to
1983. The industrial classifications used by the
Icelandic Administration changed in 1987. Electricity consumption in transport refers to the pumping
of hot water from the geothermal station Nesjavellier to Reykjavik from 1991.
Ireland
Electricity production from wind begins in 1992 and
from landfill gas in 1993.
Heat production and consumption data for heat
pumps are available from 2002.
Fuels used by autoproducers have been estimated by
the Irish Administration for 1991 and 1992. Inputs
of peat in tonnes for electricity production have been
estimated by the Secretariat prior to 1992 based on
data submitted in terajoules (TJ) by the Irish Administration. Inputs of hard coal in autoproducer
CHP plants have been estimated by the Secretariat
from 1984.
Electricity consumption in the agriculture sector is included in the residential sector. Electricity consumption
in iron and steel industry includes non-ferrous metals consumption prior to 1990. The decrease of electricity consumption in the iron and steel industry
from 2001 onwards, is due to the fact that the main
steel plant in Ireland has ceased production.
Direct use of geothermal and solar thermal heat is
available from 1989 and 1990 respectively.
generation are not available for main activity producers.
Italy
Italy includes San Marino and the Vatican.
In 1996, the Italian Administration revised electricity production and its fuel used from 1989 to 1995.
The production of electricity reported in the category other fuel sources refers to electricity produced
from the regasification of LNG or heat recovered
from industrial processes. The production of net
electricity by autoproducers for transport equipment
includes that for machinery. Prior to 1984, net electricity production by autoproducers has included
production from combustible fuel sources only.
Electricity production from solar and wind is available from 1989. Also from 1989, not all outputs are
reported for industrial wastes used in autoproducer
CHP plants. From 2000 onwards, the Italian Administration defines electricity production from
autoproducers as including generation from producers consuming more than 70% of their own production. However for the 2000 to 2002 period, all electricity production from autoproducers is reported
with main activity producers.
Heat produced for sale (distributed heat) is not available and hence not officially reported to the IEA.
However, the Italian Administration estimates that
in 1993 about 10 000 TJ of heat was produced for
sale; this is equivalent to about 0.5% of equivalent
heat input to electricity generation.
The detail of renewables and wastes inputs into electricity, heat and CHP plants is available from 1989
only. Prior to that year, the total of the different fuels involved is reported as non-specified renewables.
Consumption of electricity in transport includes
electricity used for pumping in oil pipelines from
1981. Other energy sector includes consumption of
electricity used for blast furnaces; prior to 1989 consumption of electricity used for uranium extraction
is also included.
Direct use of solar and geothermal heat is available
from 1989.
Japan
Japan includes Okinawa.
The Japanese Administration revised their electricity
and heat input and output data since 1990 using a
new methodology. These revisions concerned two
main areas: better compliance with IEA's methodology and a move from calendar to fiscal year. Starting in 1990, data are reported on a fiscal year basis
(April 2003 to March 2004 for 2003).
This may lead to breaks in time series. The preliminary data for 2004 were estimated based on the
monthly data.
Fuels used and corresponding electricity and heat
produced in main activity producer CHP plants are
not included in the data series. As a consequence,
Japans CHP electricity and heat production may be
understated. Fuels used and electricity and heat produced in autoproducer CHP plants are not available
separately but are included in autoproducer electricity plants. Inputs and outputs of combustible renewables and wastes for autoproducer electricity production are available from 1982. (These fuels are
not used by main activity producers in Japan). Net
electricity production by autoproducers prior to
sources only. Net electricity production by autoproducers in the transport sector is included in other
sectors prior to 1982. Net electricity production by
autoproducers in the energy sector is not available
prior to 1982. Production of electricity from solar
photovoltaic may be an underestimate as production
from roof top devices may not be included. The production of electricity from wind began in 1993.
Prior to 1998, the electricity produced using TRT
technology (Top pressure Recovery Turbines) was
included with electricity generated from solid biomass. Now it is included with electricity generated
from coal gases.
Fuels used and heat produced for sale by autoproducers from heat plants are not available. Heat production from geothermal and solar thermal sources
in Japan is not reported by the Japanese Administration. Heat produced for sale in heat plants is not
available prior to 1972. Heat produced for sale in
main activity producer heat plants from waste heat
and from electric boilers is available from 1977 and
1983 respectively.
Between 1972 and 1976, the use of combustible
fuels in main activity producer heat plants is included in non-specified. Fuels used to produce heat
for sale in heat plants are not available prior to
1977.
Consumption of electricity in industry sub-sector not
elsewhere specified includes wood and wood products and construction prior to 1982.
Heat consumption in the residential sector is included in the commerce and public services sector
prior to 1992.
generation are not available for main activity producer plants. Prior to 1974, data on electrical capacity by type of fuel are not available for autoproducer
plants. Electricity generation capacity for nuclear
power increased in 1997 due to the commissioning
of two nuclear plants.
Korea
Electricity statistics from 1971 to 1993 have been
estimated by the Secretariat based on the Korean
National Statistics. Data from 1994 onwards have
been submitted by the Korean Administration. This
leads to breaks in series between 1993 and 1994.
Nuclear electricity production in main activity producer electricity plants is available from 1977.
Pumped storage in main activity producer electricity
plants is available from 1991. Before 1994, electricity production from main activity producer CHP
plants is included with main activity producer electricity only plants. In 2002 Korean Administration
started to report electricity and heat production by
autoproducers using natural gas and liquid fuels
which were not reported before. This can lead to
breaks in series between 2001 and 2002.
Heat data are available from 1991. For these years,

the breakdown of heat output by type of fuel has
been estimated by the Secretariat. In 2001 Korean
Administration started to report heat statistics for
some heat plants which were not reported before.
This can lead to breaks in series between 2000 and
2001 as well as between 2001 and 2002. The Secretariat has estimated the heat output from gas and
liquid fuels for 2001.
Data on plants consuming combustible fuels have
been estimated by the Secretariat using information
provided by the Korean Administration. Data for
sub-bituminous coal are available since 1987.
Data for electricity consumption in the transport
equipment sector are available from 1994 and are
included in the machinery sector until 2001. Electricity use in oil refineries is included in the chemical and petrochemical industry sector. Heat consumption by sector is available from 2001.
The breakdown of generating capacity by fuel is not
available prior to 1994.
Luxembourg
Most of the hydro production shown for Luxembourg is from the Vianden pumped storage plant and
is exported directly to Germany. For 1989, the electricity production by autoproducers by fuel was estimated by the Secretariat based on fuel inputs submitted by the Luxembourg Administration. Net electricity production by autoproducers prior to 1990
includes production from combustible fuel sources
only. Electricity and heat production from natural
gas, for autoproducer CHP plants, are available
from 1995. Electricity and heat production from gas
from biomass are available from 1999. The increase
in electricity production in 2002 is due to a new
natural gas combined cycle power plant.
Electricity consumption by final consumption sector
and for industry sub-sectors has been estimated by
the Secretariat based on data published by CEGEDEL.
generation are not available for autoproducers. Due
to the lack of blast furnace gas, iron and steel industry has completely stopped its production of electricity at the end of 1997. Therefore, electrical capacity
by combustible fuels source has decreased.
Mexico
Electricity statistics are available from 1971.
The breakdown of net electricity production by
autoproducers is available from 1993. Electricity
production from wind is available from 1994. Electricity output from solar photovoltaic and combustible renewables and wastes are available from 1998.
Starting in 1998, the CRE (Comisin Reguladora de
Energia) has published new data for electricity generation by autoproducers. This may lead to breaks in
the time series between 1997 and 1998. New autoproducer electricity plants fuelled with coal gases
were put on line in 1999. The increase in main activity producer electricity from 2001 is due to a switch
of electric plant consumption from liquid fuels to
natural gas.
Data reported into liquid fuels for autoproducers
include all types of combustible fuels prior to 1998.
Electricity consumption in energy sector is included
in industry prior to 1993. There is a break in series
between 1992 and 1993 for electricity consumption
in the industry sector resulting from change in aggregation of industrial classes; this affects nonmetallic minerals, transport equipment, mining and
quarrying and food and tobacco sectors.
Data for solar, direct use of solar and for combustible renewables and wastes are available from 1998.
Net electrical capacity for autoproducers is not
available prior to 1974. The breakdown of
generating capacity for main activity producer electricity plants by combustible fuels is not available
prior to 1982. Production and generating capacity of
main activity producer electricity plants from wind
is available from 1994.
Netherlands
The Netherlands excludes Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles.
All electricity produced from combustible fuels is
included in CHP plants. Electricity from other
sources includes power from chemical waste gases
and heat bought from other industries. For 1970 to
1973, electricity output from autoproducer CHP has
been included with main activity producer CHP
plants. Electricity production from, and inputs to,
main activity producer CHP plants are included
with main activity producer electricity plants prior
to 1982. Net electricity production by autoproducers

prior to 1988 includes production from combustible
fuel sources only. Electricity production from solar
photovoltaic is available from 1992. Net electricity
production by autoproducers in the energy sector is
not available prior to 1993. This year, the time series
for electricity and heat production from combustible
renewables and wastes was revised from 1990 according to the new reporting methodology used by
the Dutch Administration in 2004.
The decrease of electricity produced from nuclear in
1997 is due to the closure for five months of one
nuclear power plant.
Heat production from main activity producer CHP
plants and heat plants is not available prior to 1982.
Heat production by fuel in heat plants prior to 1987
are estimated by the Secretariat based on fuel inputs
submitted by the Dutch Administration. Heat produced from combustible renewables is available
from 1990.
Inputs of hard coal for electricity production from
1981 to 1992 in terajoules (TJ) are estimated by the
Secretariat based on data submitted in tonnes by the
Dutch Administration.
The strong increase of the trade for electricity in
1999 is caused by the liberalization of the Dutch
electricity market. The countries of origin and destination reported for the trade breakdown are the final
ones and not the neighbouring ones, so trade data
are based on contracted quantities instead of physical flows.
Electricity consumption in commercial and public
services includes small users in other sectors. Electricity consumption in agriculture is included with
in commercial and public services prior to 1979.
Data on direct use of solar heat are available from
1988.
A new main activity producer CHP plant fuelled by
liquid fuels started up in 1999 and there was a fuel
reclassification in 2000. Prior to 1981 for main activity producer plants, to 1982 for autoproducers,
data on electrical capacity by type of generation are
not available.
New Zealand
Following a reorganisation of government departments during 1987, collection of energy data has
been disrupted. Hence, there are several breaks in

series between 1987 and 1988. The industry classifications used by the Administration of New Zealand
were changed in 1991.
Prior to 1994, data refer to fiscal year (April 1993 to
March 1994 for 1993). From 1994 data refer to calendar year. As a result, there is a break in series between 1993 and 1994.
Electricity production by autoproducers from natural gas and from oil has been estimated by the Secretariat from1970 to 1973. Electricity production from
waste heat is included in other sources and is available since 1974. Electricity production by autoproducers from geothermal is available from 1995. In
1999, a reclassification of autoproducer plants
causes some breaks in the time series. For 2002 and
2003, natural gas autoproducer electricity includes
generation of electricity from on-site heat/steam recovery during the combustion of carbon monoxide
(CO) gas from the iron making reduction and melting process.
From 1974 to 1993 distribution losses include the
statistical differences. Electricity consumption in
pulp, paper and printing sector is included in wood
and wood products sector prior to 1991. There are
breaks in series between 1996 and 1997 for electricity consumption due to a new NZ Standard Industrial Classification (NZSIC).
Data on direct use of geothermal heat are available
from 1990.
generation are not available. Generating capacity for
autoproducers is available from 1994.
Norway
Growth in TPES in 2004 may not reflect the domestic situation as the oil production and export data
reported to the IEA for 2002 to 2004 are under investigation by Statistics Norway. As a consequence,
revisions to these data should be included in next
year's edition of this publication.
No data on electricity production from solar energy
are submitted separately to the IEA by the Norwegian Administration. Prior to 1991, net electricity
production by autoproducers by industry sub-sector
was estimated by the Secretariat based on data submitted by the Norwegian Administration. Electricity
production from wind is available from 1992.

Breaks in series between 1996 and 1997 and between 2001 and 2002 are due to a reclassification of
main activity producers and of autoproducers. Electricity output by manufactured gases includes small
quantities of electricity generated from waste heat
prior to 2002. Starting in 2002, the electricity generated from waste heat is shown separately in other
fuel sources.
Heat production is not available prior to 1983. Heat
production from heat pumps and electric boilers (including the electricity used for this production) are
available from 1989. Heat production from biogas
is available from 1995.
Data on inputs and outputs in heat plants (where the
heat is sold) is not available prior to 1983 and in
autoproducer heat plants prior to 1988.
Distribution losses may include the statistical differences. The breakdown of heat consumption by industry sub-sector was expanded in 1992, reclassified
in 1994 and collected by a new reporting system in
1997.
Net maximum capacity of pumped storage plants is
not available from 1970 to 1972.
Poland
Electricity production in autoproducer electricity
plants is available after 1986.
The Polish Administration adopted new methods to
estimate the production of heat sold in autoproducer
heat plants (1993) and in autoproducer CHP plants
(1995). This causes breaks between 1992 and 1993,
and between 1994 and 1995 for heat production and
fuel inputs in these plants and for heat consumption
in industry sub-sectors. In the 2005 edition, biogas
electricity production by main activity producers
was reclassified as autoproducer production from
1995 to 2003.
Data for direct use of geothermal become available
in 2000.
Heat consumption in the energy sector includes
process heat not sold before 1995.
Portugal
Portugal includes the Aores and Madeira.
Production of electricity in main activity producer

CHP plants and the associated fuel inputs are not
available prior to 1980. Production of electricity
from solar photovoltaic and wind are available from
1989. Net electricity production by autoproducers
prior to 1992 includes production from combustible
fuel sources only. From 1992, electricity production
includes generation from all fuel sources. Split of
net electricity production by autoproducers between
electricity plants and CHP plants is available from
1992. Prior to 1992, production in CHP plants includes production in electricity plants. New plants
fuelled by solid biomass and by municipal waste
started in 1999.
Heat produced from combustible renewables and
wastes (mainly black liquor) in autoproducer CHP
plants is not sold. Data on electricity produced in
these plants are available.
Data on direct use of solar and geothermal are available from 1989 and 1994 respectively.
Capacity at peak load, for main activity producer
plants includes also the autoproducers data and is
not available prior to 1986.
Slovak Republic
Electricity statistics prior to 2000 have been estimated by the Secretariat. From 1993 IEA estimates
are based on direct submissions from the Statistical
Office of the Slovak Republic and the Power Research Institute (EGU) of Bratislava. This may lead
to breaks in series between 1992 and 1993.
All electricity and heat productions were reported in
main activity producer plants until 2000. From 1993
to 2000, the data reported in previous editions as gas
works gas represent industrial waste used for electricity and heat production by main activity producers. The breakdown of net electricity and heat production by source is available from 2001. Therefore
net electricity production by autoproducers by industry sub-sector was not available until 2000.
The breakdown of trade by origin and destination is
Direct use of geothermal is available from 2001.
The breakdown of generating capacity is not available prior to 1995. Data on electrical capacity by
type of generation/fuel are available from 2001.
Spain
Spain includes the Canary Islands.
Net electricity production by autoproducers prior to
sources only. Prior to 1983, net electricity production by autoproducers in CHP plants is included in
that for electricity (only) plants. Net electricity production by autoproducers has been estimated by the
Spanish Administration from 1983. Prior to 1987
electricity production in main activity producer
CHP plants is included with production from main
activity producer electricity plants. Prior to 1989
inputs and outputs from the use of combustible renewables and wastes to generate electricity and/or
heat (i.e. comprising solid and liquid biomass, industrial wastes, municipal wastes and gases derived
from wastes) are included in non-specified combustible renewables and wastes. There are breaks in
series for autoproducer electricity production in
electricity plants and CHP plants between 1989 and
1990. Electricity production from wind and solar are
reported from 1989 when data became available.
Production by autoproducer CHP is included with
autoproducer electricity for liquid fuels prior to
1990. The large increase in electricity output from
main activity producer electricity plants fuelled by
natural gas in 1997 is due to the opening of a new
plant. Electricity output from sub-bituminous coal
has been included with lignite prior to 1999.
Production or consumption of heat sold is available
from 1989. Due to change of collection system data
for heat sold is available only until 1999. This
change can also cause breaks in time series in 2000
and 2001.
Secretariat estimates have been made for certain
inputs to CHP production, based on outputs.
Data on direct use of solar and geothermal heat are
Sweden
Prior to 1987, net electricity production by autoproducer electricity plants is not available. Prior to
1987 net electricity production by total autoproducer plants includes data for CHP plants only. The
breakdown of net electricity production by industry
for autoproducer electricity plants is available from
1987. Prior to 1992, electricity production from

gas/liquids from biomass is included with solid biomass.
Heat produced in main activity producer CHP plants
is not available prior to 1974; heat produced in main
activity producer heat plants is not available prior to
1980. Heat produced for sale by autoproducer heat
plants is available from 1992. However, the associated inputs are included in industry consumption.
Heat produced for sale in heat pumps and electric
boilers are reported from 1992. Heat production
from liquid fuels in main activity producer CHP
plants includes heat recovered from flue-gas condensing for 1997 and 1998.
In Sweden, heat produced in heat pumps is sold to
third parties (as district heat) and is therefore included in transformation. Inputs to heat pumps include heat recovered from industry and from ambient sources (including sewage and seawater). Ambient heat is represented in the energy balance as
indigenous production of heat. The electricity used
to drive heat pumps is considered to be transformed
and appears as output in the transformation sector
rather than as electricity used in the energy sector.
Fuel inputs to the heat that are recovered by the heat
pumps are reported in the appropriate industry sectors (i.e. chemical and pulp, paper and printing).
Industry consumption of the heat produced by heat
pumps has been estimated by the Secretariat based on
fuel inputs submitted by the Swedish Administration
(2/3 in pulp, paper and printing and 1/3 in chemical).
Consumption of electricity for distribution of district
heat is included with other energy sector.
There are breaks in series for heat consumption between 1979 and 1980 and between 1991 and 1992.
Consumption of heat in the industry and other sectors is available from 1984.
Data on direct use of solar heat are available from
1989.
Generating capacity of main activity producer electricity plants includes autoproducer plants prior to
1984. Breakdown of generating capacity into main
activity producer and autoproducer electricity plants
by fuel is not available from 1990 and its only partially available from 2000. Peak load data for main
activity producer plants includes data for autoproducer plants from 1992. Prior to 1981, data on electrical capacity by type of generation are not available for main activity producer plants.
Switzerland
Switzerland does not include Liechtenstein.
Allocation of electricity production in main activity
producer electricity only and CHP plants between
1967 and 1973, and in main activity producer CHP
and autoproducer CHP plants in 1974 are Secretariat estimates. Solar electricity production by autoproducers is available from 1990. Electricity
production from wind and pumped storage by autoproducers are available from 1996.
Heat production includes heat sold by nuclear power
stations and distributed to other consumers. Prior to
1978, heat output from CHP plants is not available.
Heat outputs from main activity producer CHP
plants fuelled by natural gas and municipal waste
are Secretariat estimates from 1985 to 1996.
Electricity consumption in the transport equipment
industry is included with machinery sub-sector. Final consumption of electricity and heat in the industry sector from 2000 to 2003 was estimated by the
Secretariat.
Direct use of solar and geothermal heat is available
from 1990.
Part of the electricity generating capacity for autoproducers is available from 1992. Electricity generating capacity for liquid fuels in main activity producer plants includes all combustible fuels prior to
1996.
Turkey
Data on electricity generated from combustible renewables and waste are available from 1991. In
1995, the Turkish Administration reclassified autoproducer plants by type and source to be consistent
with IEA definitions. This causes breaks between
1994 and 1995 for electricity production in these
plants.
Electricity production from wind is available starting
in 1998.
Comprehensive data on electricity consumption are
available from 1973. This causes a break in series
between 1972 and 1973. Consumption in the industry sub-sector machinery includes transport equipment. Prior to 1998, electricity consumption in wood
and wood products sub-sector includes that of pulp,
paper, and printing industry.
Data on direct use of solar heat is available from

1986.
A new gas fired main activity producer CHP plant
was put into operation in 1999 and a new autoproducers electricity plant fuelled with hard coal started
in 2000.
Net electricity generating capacity by type of generation for both main activity producers and autoproducers is not available prior to 1999.
United Kingdom
Prior to 1988, electricity output from CHP plants
was included with main activity producer
electricity plants. Electricity production from wind
is available from 1989. The reorganisation, and subsequent privatisation, of the electricity supply industry in 1990 results in some breaks in series. Production of electricity and heat by CHP plants has been
estimated by the Secretariat for 1991. In 1996, the
break in electricity production from nuclear series is
due to reclassification of plants from autoproducer
to main activity producer plants. Net electricity production by autoproducers prior to 1992 includes
production from combustible fuels only and no detail is available for 1996 and 1997. Electricity production from solar is available from 1999.
Inputs and outputs from natural gas for main activity
producer electricity production are included in
autoproducer electricity for 1990 and 1991 (for reasons of confidentiality). For the United Kingdom, it
is necessary to combine figures for main activity
producers and autoproducers in order to prevent the
disclosure of information relating to less than three
electricity generating companies, since this information is considered confidential. For this reason data
for main activity producer CHP plants have been
included with autoproducer CHP plants from 1992.
In 1996, about 7% of electricity generated was by
autoproducers, and only a small proportion of the
electricity produced was in CHP plants owned by
major power producers (main activity producer
plants under the IEA definition). Accordingly, inputs and outputs from hard coal, oil and natural gas
in main activity producer electricity plants include
autoproducer electricity plants from 1992 to 1995.
Also from 1992 to 1995, electricity and heat output
from manufactured gases has been included with
non-specified combustible renewables and waste.
Heat production from autoproducers is available

starting in 1999.
From 1984 onwards, the electricity consumption in
the industry non-specified sub-sector includes that of
the wood and wood products sub-sector and unallocated consumption. Electricity consumption in coal
mines includes consumption in patent fuel plants.
Consumption in gas works includes electricity use in
the transmission/distribution of public supply gas
Consumption in the machinery sub-sector includes
that of the transport equipment industry from 1989
onwards. Consumption in the non-metallic mineral
products sub-sector includes mining and quarrying.
Electricity generation capacity from main activity
producer gas turbines includes that from internal
combustion (diesel). Prior to 1981 for main activity
producer plants, to 1983 for autoproducers, data on
electrical capacity by type of generation are not
available.
United States
United States includes 50 States and District of Columbia.
The 2004 preliminary heat generation figures are
estimates from the Secretariat derived from the
DOE/EIA monthly CHP electricity survey.
independent power producers accounts for about

25% of reported production of electricity by autoproducers in the United States. This reclassification
causes more breaks between 1999 and 2000. For
2002 and 2003, autoproducer electricity output for
oil includes generation from refinery gases with a
low average calorific value. Prior to 2002, this output was not accounted for.
Data for heat produced in main activity producer
heat plants is only available from 1992. Since 1995,
heat data are no longer collected, the data have been
estimated by the US Administration, which causes
breaks in the time series between 1994 and 1995.
Sub-bituminous coal inputs for electricity and heat
production are included in hard coal before 1983.
Prior to 1991 some of the fuel inputs to electricity
and heat production reported for autoproducer
plants are reported as final consumption in the particular economic sector in which the autoproducer is
operating. Data for peat are confidential between
1994 and 1998 and from 2000 are not reported.
Prior to 2001, data on plants consuming hard coal,
sub-bituminous coal and lignite have been estimated
by the Secretariat using information provided in the
EIAs Annual Electricity Generator Report Utility.
The breakdown of fuel used and production of heat
in main activity producer heat plants have been estimated by the Secretariat for 1992 and 1993. Data
on the fuels used to produce heat for sale in autoproducer heat plants are available since 1999 for
renewables, but not for the other products.
There are breaks in series concerning the total production of electricity and heat in the United States.
Electricity produced by autoproducers is only available from 1989. Prior to this date, no data for the
total electricity production by U.S. autoproducers
have been reported. Electricity production in main
activity producer CHP plants is only available from
1991. Comprehensive data on electricity and heat
production and consumption in main activity producer electricity, CHP and heat plants and autoproducer electricity and CHP plants are not available
for all years. The selling of main activity producer
plants to autoproducers may cause breaks in the
series between 1998, 1999 and 2000. Electricity
absorbed by pumping and electricity production
from pumped storage plants is only available from
1987.
There are breaks in series concerning the total consumption in the United States of heat sold to third
parties. The consumption of heat sold in industry is
available from 1991 and in the energy sector from
1992. Prior to 1991, total consumption of heat sold
only referred to consumption in the commercial and
public services sector. No heat is reported to be sold
to the residential or agriculture sectors.
The U.S. Administration changed the definition of

autoproducers. Prior to 2000, autoproducers include small and independent power producers,
which under IEA definitions are considered as main
activity producers. Production from these small and
Capacity is net summer capacity. The breakdown of

capacity by fuel type for 1989 is a Secretariat estimate. Capacity by type of generation is not reported
prior to 1981. Data on electrical capacity for autoproducers are available from 1989.
Direct use of heat in heat pumps (mainly in residential and industry) is not available. Direct use of solar
thermal in residential is available from 1999.
4. CONVERSION FACTORS
General Conversion Factors for Energy
To:
From:
TJ
Gcal
Mtoe
MBtu
GWh
TJ
Gcal
1
4.1868 x 10-3
4.1868 x 104
1.0551 x 10-3
3.6
238.8
1
107
0.252
860
Mtoe
multiply by:
2.388 x 10-5
10-7
1
2.52 x 10-8
8.6 x 10-5
MBtu
GWh
947.8
3.968
3.968 x 107
1
3412
0.2778
1.163 x 10-3
11630
2.931 x 10-4
1
Conversion Factors for Mass

To:
From:
kilogramme (kg)
tonne (t)
long ton (lt)
short ton (st)
pound (lb)
kg
1
1000
1016
907.2
0.454
0.001
1
1.016
0.9072
4.54 x 10-4
lt
multiply by:
9.84 x 10-4
0.984
1
0.893
4.46 x 10-4
st
lb
1.102 x 10-3
1.1023
1.120
1
5.0 x 10-4
2.2046
2204.6
2240.0
2000.0
1
Conversion Factors for Volume

To:
From:
U.S. gallon (gal)
U.K. gallon (gal)
Barrel (bbl)
Cubic foot (ft3)
Litre (l)
Cubic metre (m3)
gal U.S.
gal U.K.
1
1.201
42.0
7.48
0.2642
264.2
0.8327
1
34.97
6.229
0.220
220.0
bbl
ft3
multiply by:
0.02381
0.1337
0.02859
0.1605
1
5.615
0.1781
1
0.0063
0.0353
6.289
35.3147
m3
3.785
4.546
159.0
28.3
1
1000.0
0.0038
0.0045
0.159
0.0283
0.001
1
Decimal Prefixes
1
10
102
103
106
109
1012
1015
1018
deca (da)
hecto (h)
kilo (k)
mega (M)
giga (G)
tera (T)
peta (P)
exa (E)
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-6
10-9
10-12
10-15
10-18
deci (d)
centi (c)
milli (m)
micro ()
nano (n)
pico (p)
femto (f)
atto (a)
Country Specific Net Calorific Values (tonne of oil equivalent per tonne)
2002
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech
Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Crude Oil
Production
Imports
Exports
Average
1.0506
1.0188
1.0506
1.0342
1.0151
1.0151
1.0151
1.0210
1.0210
1.0210
1.0220
1.0220
1.0220
1.0220
1.0032
1.0027
0.9998
0.9908
1.0270
1.0270
1.0270
1.0270
1.0516
1.0516
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
1.0210
1.0210
1.0210
1.0210
0.9114
0.9922
0.9922
0.9922
NGL
Refinery Feedstocks
Additives
Other hydrocarbons
1.0765
1.0223
-
1.0151
1.0234
0.6000
-
1.0150
-
1.0800
1.0150
1.0000
0.6000
1.0000
1.0199
0.6618
1.0800
1.0150
0.6000
1.0000
1.0032
0.9997
0.6000
-
1.0150
0.6000
1.0000
0.9925
0.9869
0.9869
-
Bituminous Coal and Anthracite

Production
0.6138
Imports
Exports
0.6138
Coke Ovens
Electricity Generation
0.6138
Industry
0.6138
Average
0.6138
0.6568
0.6538
0.6465
0.6568
0.6358
0.6358
0.6000
0.7000
0.6358
0.5945
0.6766
0.5945
0.6898
0.6356
0.6356
0.5686
0.6234
0.5493
0.5422
0.5608
0.5427
0.6027
0.6021
0.6009
0.6329
0.6027
0.6091
0.6091
0.6091
0.6091
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.5720
0.6200
0.7204
0.6091
0.6210
0.5971
0.6497
0.6497
0.6497
0.6497
0.6497
Sub-Bituminous Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.4413
0.4388
0.4585
0.4413
0.5247
0.4457
0.5930
0.1999
0.5387
0.4345
0.4345
0.4345
0.4345
0.4345
0.3103
0.3513
0.2964
0.2965
0.3087
Coking Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.6807
0.6807
0.6807
0.6807
0.6943
0.6943
0.6943
0.7000
0.7000
0.7000
0.7000
0.5945
0.6766
0.5945
0.6766
0.6766
0.6808
0.6817
0.6735
0.6867
0.6867
0.6867
0.6998
0.6998
0.6998
0.7285
0.7285
0.7285
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
Lignite
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.2224
0.2224
0.2224
0.2224
0.2345
0.2345
0.2325
0.2509
0.2345
0.5150
0.5150
0.5150
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.2115
0.2115
0.2115
0.2115
0.4060
0.4060
0.4060
0.4060
0.4060
0.2193
0.3563
0.2526
0.2191
0.2456
0.2209
0.1218
0.1215
0.2059
0.1265
Patent Fuel
Coke Oven Coke
BKB
Peat
Charcoal
0.6126
0.4538
-
0.7404
0.6735
0.4610
0.2102
-
0.7000
0.7000
0.4800
-
0.6542
-
0.6660
0.5676
-
0.6998
0.4371
-
0.6998
0.2508
-
0.7643
0.6688
-
0.7500
0.6843
0.5094
0.2000
-
0.6999
0.3649
-
2002
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New
Zealand
Crude Oil
Production
Imports
Exports
Average
0.9984
0.9984
0.9984
1.0230
1.0230
1.0230
1.0002
1.0002
1.0002
1.0142
1.0142
1.0142
1.0200
1.0200
0.9785
0.9445
0.9615
1.0199
1.0199
1.0199
1.0199
1.0319
1.0067
1.0320
1.0235
NGL
Refinery Feedstocks
Additives
Other hydrocarbons
1.0266
1.0052
0.9984
0.9554
1.0150
-
1.0002
0.6000
-
1.1207
1.0150
1.0518
1.0700
1.0000
-
1.0112
1.0222
-
1.0509
1.0150
-
1.0903
1.0438
-

Production
Imports
0.6278
Exports
0.6114
Coke Ovens
0.5968
Industry
0.5886
Average
0.6279
0.6700
0.6700
0.6700
0.6265
0.6650
0.6194
0.6650
0.6650
0.6350
0.6350
0.6350
0.6350
0.6350
0.6194
0.6194
0.6194
0.6194
0.6194
0.4275
0.6252
0.6146
0.6161
0.6161
0.6998
0.6998
0.6998
0.5609
0.5609
0.5609
0.5609
0.5973
0.5973
0.5973
0.5973
0.5973
0.7056
0.6941
0.6998
Sub-Bituminous Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.4101
0.3890
0.4132
0.4101
0.4713
0.4713
0.4713
0.4635
0.4635
0.4635
0.4635
0.4635
0.5059
0.5059
0.5059
0.5059
Coking Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.7365
0.7365
0.7365
0.6700
0.6700
0.6700
0.7400
0.7400
0.7400
0.6730
0.6777
0.6730
0.6600
0.6600
0.6600
0.6600
0.5609
0.5609
0.5609
0.6848
0.6848
0.6848
0.6848
0.7337
0.7337
0.7337
Lignite
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.2060
0.2001
0.3599
0.2054
0.4734
0.4734
0.2500
0.2500
0.2500
0.3368
0.3368
0.3368
0.4777
0.4777
0.4777
0.3325
0.2912
0.3118
Patent Fuel
Coke Oven Coke
BKB
Peat
Charcoal
0.7121
0.4777
-
0.6370
-
0.6700
0.4430
0.1860
-
0.6927
0.7350
0.7229
0.7350
0.4744
0.6500
-
0.4801
-
0.6334
-
0.6807
-
2002
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak
Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United
Kingdom
United
States
Crude Oil
Production
Imports
Exports
Average
1.0270
1.0270
1.0270
1.0270
1.0149
1.0156
1.0149
1.0156
1.0198
1.0198
0.9948
1.0030
0.9793
1.0029
1.0190
1.0190
1.0190
1.0070
1.0070
1.0324
1.0324
0.9881
0.9929
0.9917
1.0369
1.0369
1.0369
1.0369
1.0333
1.0280
1.0333
1.0284
NGL
Refinery Feedstocks
Additives
Other hydrocarbons
1.0460
1.0150
-
1.0150
0.6000
0.9600
1.0744
-
0.9948
1.0270
1.0267
0.9793
1.0150
0.6000
-
1.0567
0.6000
-
1.0438
0.9870
-
1.0150
-
1.1163
1.0150
0.6000
-
1.1155
1.0478
0.6000
1.2182

Production
0.6712
Imports
0.6712
Exports
0.6712
Coke Ovens
0.6712
Industry
0.6712
Average
0.6712
0.5458
0.6313
0.6313
0.6664
0.5167
0.5597
0.5258
0.6107
0.6107
0.6099
0.6107
0.6128
0.5987
0.6024
0.6128
0.4782
0.5817
0.5700
0.5390
0.6239
0.5593
0.6544
0.6544
0.6664
0.6415
0.6544
0.6712
0.6712
0.6712
0.4499
0.6324
0.4499
0.6475
0.6021
0.5922
0.6058
0.7011
0.5945
0.6172
0.5922
0.6594
0.6458
0.6405
0.6435
0.6491
0.6600
Sub-Bituminous Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.3073
0.3073
0.3073
0.4299
0.4299
0.4299
0.4636
0.4638
0.4638
0.4635
0.4855
0.4638
Coking Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.7014
0.7065
0.7065
0.7053
0.6749
0.7002
0.6945
0.6974
0.6974
0.6945
0.7000
0.7000
0.7000
0.7165
0.7165
0.7165
0.6866
0.7153
0.7398
0.6528
0.7126
0.7352
0.6898
0.7352
0.7102
0.7352
0.7352
0.7255
0.7255
0.7255
0.7255
0.7255
Lignite
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.2083
0.2018
0.2045
0.2297
0.2083
0.2733
0.3150
0.2742
0.2778
0.2887
0.2797
0.1941
0.1941
0.1941
0.2051
0.1850
0.2994
0.2061
0.3354
0.3349
0.3349
0.3348
0.3623
0.3349
0.6807
-
0.5406
0.6787
0.4174
-
0.6698
-
0.6695
0.5777
-
0.7235
-
0.6707
0.4800
0.2986
-
0.6712
0.4801
-
0.6999
0.4999
-
0.6285
0.6762
-
0.6771
0.6561
-
Patent Fuel
Coke Oven Coke
BKB
Peat
Charcoal
2003
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech
Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Crude Oil
Production
Imports
Exports
Average
1.0506
1.0188
1.0506
1.0338
1.0151
1.0151
1.0151
1.0210
1.0210
1.0220
1.0220
1.0220
1.0220
1.0016
1.0027
1.0069
1.0029
1.0270
1.0270
1.0270
1.0270
1.0516
1.0516
0.9997
0.9997
0.9997
1.0210
1.0210
1.0210
1.0210
0.9114
0.9922
0.9922
0.9847
NGL
Refinery Feedstocks
Additives
Other hydrocarbons
1.0846
1.0338
-
1.0151
1.0234
0.6000
-
1.0150
-
1.0800
1.0150
1.0000
1.0000
0.6000
1.0000
1.0199
0.6604
1.0800
1.0150
0.6000
1.0000
1.0032
0.9997
0.6000
-
1.0150
0.6000
1.0000
0.9925
0.9869
0.9869
-

Production
0.6138
Imports
Exports
0.6138
Coke Ovens
0.6138
Industry
0.6138
Average
0.6138
0.6568
0.6537
0.7099
0.6568
0.6396
0.6396
0.6000
0.7000
0.6396
0.5945
0.6766
0.5945
0.6887
0.6356
0.6356
0.5924
0.6234
0.6592
0.5431
0.5379
0.5320
0.5922
0.5956
0.5906
0.6329
0.5921
0.6091
0.6091
0.6091
0.6091
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.6210
0.5741
0.6200
0.7204
0.6103
0.6210
0.5971
0.6497
0.6497
0.6497
0.6497
0.6497
Sub-Bituminous Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.4413
0.4388
0.4585
0.4413
0.5247
0.4457
0.5930
0.5387
0.4345
0.4345
0.4345
0.4345
0.4345
0.3103
0.3513
0.2955
0.2968
0.3099
Coking Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.6807
0.6807
0.6807
0.6807
0.6943
0.6943
0.6943
0.7000
0.7000
0.7000
0.7000
0.5945
0.6766
0.5945
0.6766
0.6766
0.6821
0.6817
0.6735
0.6920
0.6920
0.6920
0.6998
0.6998
0.6998
0.7285
0.7285
0.7285
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
0.6927
Lignite
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.2224
0.2224
0.2224
0.2345
0.2345
0.2264
0.3057
0.2345
0.5150
0.5150
0.5150
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.3404
0.2012
0.2012
0.2012
0.2011
0.4060
0.4060
0.4060
0.4060
0.4060
0.2193
0.3563
0.2526
0.2191
0.2456
0.2209
0.1197
0.1211
0.2121
0.1206
Patent Fuel
Coke Oven Coke
BKB
Peat
Charcoal
0.6126
0.4538
-
0.7404
0.6863
0.4610
0.2102
-
0.7000
0.7000
0.4800
-
0.6542
-
0.6709
0.6130
-
0.6998
-
0.6998
0.2508
-
0.7643
0.6688
-
0.7500
0.6843
0.5094
0.2000
-
0.6999
0.3649
-
2003
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
New
Zealand
Crude Oil
Production
Imports
Exports
Average
0.9817
1.0055
1.0008
1.0230
1.0230
1.0230
1.0002
1.0002
1.0002
1.0002
1.0142
1.0142
1.0142
1.0200
1.0200
0.9776
0.9744
0.9760
1.0199
1.0199
1.0199
1.0199
1.0352
1.0046
1.0345
1.0248
NGL
Refinery Feedstocks
Additives
Other hydrocarbons
1.0266
1.0052
0.9984
0.9554
1.0150
-
1.0002
0.6000
-
1.1207
1.0150
1.0518
1.0700
1.0000
-
1.0393
1.0222
-
1.0509
1.0150
-
1.0903
1.0323
-

Production
Imports
0.6125
Exports
0.6449
Coke Ovens
0.5453
Industry
0.6331
Average
0.6125
0.6700
0.6700
0.6700
0.6672
0.6650
0.6045
0.6650
0.6650
0.6350
0.6350
0.6350
0.6350
0.6350
0.6194
0.6194
0.6194
0.6194
0.6194
0.4275
0.6286
0.6026
0.6286
0.6286
0.6998
0.6998
0.6998
0.5609
0.5609
0.5609
0.6135
0.6135
0.6135
0.6135
0.6135
0.6941
0.6941
0.6941
Sub-Bituminous Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.4343
0.4230
0.4060
0.4353
0.4713
0.4713
0.4713
0.4635
0.4635
0.4635
0.4635
0.4635
0.5054
0.5059
0.5059
0.5057
Coking Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.7302
0.7302
0.7302
0.7302
0.6700
0.6700
0.6700
0.7400
0.7400
0.7400
0.6730
0.6777
0.6730
0.6592
0.6592
0.6592
0.6592
0.5609
0.5609
0.5609
0.6848
0.6848
0.6848
0.6848
0.7337
0.7337
0.7337
Lignite
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.2036
0.2593
0.1949
0.2972
0.1997
0.4734
0.4734
0.2500
0.2500
0.2500
0.3368
0.3368
0.3368
0.4777
0.4777
0.4777
0.3325
0.2912
0.3118
Patent Fuel
Coke Oven Coke
BKB
Peat
Charcoal
0.7053
0.4777
-
0.6370
-
0.6700
0.4430
0.1860
-
0.6927
0.7350
0.7238
0.7350
0.4744
0.6500
-
0.4801
-
0.6334
-
0.6807
-
2003
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak
Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United
Kingdom
United
States
Crude Oil
Production
Imports
Exports
Average
1.0200
1.0200
1.0200
1.0200
1.0020
1.0156
1.0139
1.0151
1.0198
1.0198
0.9948
1.0030
0.9948
1.0030
1.0190
1.0190
1.0190
1.0070
1.0070
1.0324
1.0324
0.9881
0.9929
0.9917
1.0369
1.0369
1.0369
1.0369
1.0333
1.0273
1.0333
1.0282
NGL
Refinery Feedstocks
Additives
Other hydrocarbons
1.0460
1.0150
-
1.0150
0.6000
0.9600
1.0744
-
0.9948
1.0270
1.0270
0.9912
1.0150
0.6000
-
1.0567
0.6000
-
1.0438
0.9870
-
1.0150
-
1.1163
1.0150
0.6000
-
1.1182
1.0462
0.6000
1.2182

Production
0.6712
Imports
0.6712
Exports
0.6712
Coke Ovens
0.6712
Industry
0.6712
Average
0.6712
0.5434
0.6186
0.5434
0.6664
0.5175
0.5612
0.5455
0.6106
0.6106
0.6099
0.6106
0.6063
0.5974
0.6024
0.6063
0.4688
0.5827
0.5523
0.6239
0.5439
0.6544
0.6544
0.6664
0.6415
0.6544
0.6712
0.6712
0.6712
0.4499
0.6219
0.4776
0.6484
0.5494
0.5922
0.6058
0.7011
0.5945
0.6172
0.5922
0.6294
0.6614
0.6465
0.6220
0.6574
0.6367
Sub-Bituminous Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.3017
0.3017
0.3017
0.4627
0.4440
0.4440
0.4657
0.4892
0.4440
Coking Coal
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.7024
0.7065
0.7024
0.7060
0.6701
0.7025
0.6983
0.6974
0.6974
0.6983
0.7485
0.7485
0.7485
0.7165
0.7165
0.7165
0.7080
0.7305
0.7398
0.6545
0.7137
0.7352
0.6898
0.7352
0.7102
0.7352
0.7352
0.7255
0.7255
0.7255
0.7255
0.7255
Lignite
Production
Imports
Exports
Coke Ovens
Industry
Average
0.2028
0.2028
0.2049
0.2196
0.2028
0.2645
0.3209
0.2922
0.2887
0.2733
0.2014
0.2014
0.2014
0.2106
0.2999
0.1815
0.3149
0.2480
0.3392
0.3455
0.3455
0.3404
0.3724
0.3455
0.6807
-
0.5484
0.6822
0.4008
-
0.6698
-
0.6744
0.5493
-
0.7235
-
0.6707
0.2986
-
0.6712
0.4801
-
0.6999
0.4999
-
0.6285
0.6762
-
0.6564
0.6561
-
Patent Fuel
Coke Oven Coke
BKB
Peat
Charcoal
OECD Total
1. ENERGY CONSUMPTION, GDP AND POPULATION
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
3762.62
4076.53
4523.40
5325.89
5350.24
5394.71
5496.68
1.1
1.4
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
12123.97
14640.40
19809.31
25566.54
26206.27
26791.78
27758.40
2.9
2.4
0.31
0.28
0.23
0.21
0.20
0.20
0.20
-1.8
-1.0
Population (millions)
TPES/population(2)
902.52
964.70
1043.51
1130.90
1146.81
1154.45
1160.91
0.9
0.8
4.17
4.23
4.33
4.71
4.67
4.67
4.73
0.2
0.6
100
90
74
67
66
65
64
-1.8
-1.0
100
104
104
104
103
102
..
0.2
..
4165
4915
6103
7278
7299
7342
..
2.3
..
4454.04
5644.11
7564.46
9588.99
9759.09
9862.85
10056.03
3.2
2.1
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

Electricity TFC/GDP(3)
(1973 = 100)
Elec. TFC/population(4)
(5)
Elec. Generated (TWh)
90-04
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries and OECD Main Economic Indicators.
(1) In units of toe/2000 thousand US$.
(2) In units of toe/per capita.
(3) Electricity TFC = Electricity Total Final Consumption.
(4) In units of kWh/per capita.
(5) Electricity Generated = Gross Production - amount of electricity produced in Pumped Storage Plants.
2. TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES) BY SOURCE

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
3762.62
4076.53
4523.40
5325.89
5350.24
5394.71
5496.68
1.1
1.4
843.35
960.94
1062.17
1095.14
1100.49
1105.97
1132.76
1.4
0.5
1993.05
1961.25
1898.68
2164.86
2171.37
2196.55
2234.80
-0.3
1.2
705.83
778.34
840.84
1154.00
1169.46
1188.68
1194.35
1.0
2.5
Comb. Renew & Waste
86.04
108.84
140.16
176.41
171.60
179.43
181.41
2.9
1.9
Nuclear
49.22
162.25
450.01
584.93
593.22
579.51
603.82
13.9
2.1
6.08
10.19
27.02
30.55
25.57
27.32
28.54
9.2
0.4
10.02
24.1
12.7
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Geothermal
Solar, Tide, Wind(1)
0.05
0.09 e
1.88
5.98 e
113.38 e
7.67 e
8.55 e
78.46
93.28
100.63
108.78
106.80
109.30
1.5
0.6
0.54
1.35
2.01
0.27
1.69
1.58
1.37
8.0
-2.7
0.00
Heat
0.36
0.38
0.32
0.32
54.2
Hydro
Net Electricity Imports(2)
(1) Includes Wave, Ocean and Other (e.g. Fuel cells).

(2) Net Electricity Imports between OECD and Non-OECD countries.
Notes: Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for data coverage.
OECD Total
3. SUMMARY ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Nuclear
103.7
188.5
620.7
1724.8
2244.4
2274.0
2276.0
2223.4
Hydro
884.8
925.6
1100.4
1213.0
1386.9
1283.9
1335.1
1317.3
10.7
13.2
15.7
42.8
68.5 e
68.8
70.2
75.5
4.5
6.6
11.1
28.7
33.0
32.2
32.9
34.3
0.7
0.7 e
0.8 e
0.9 e
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Wind
0.0
3.8
28.5
34.6
48.3
58.3
0.0
0.1
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.9
of which:
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
2837.9
3346.0
3927.1
4635.5
5961.6 e
5899.3 e
6133.6
6301.4 e
1513.6
1693.5
2317.0
3059.8
3710.9
3616.5
3714.1
3842.6
821.2
1125.2
978.7
692.7
579.0
549.9
555.9
561.2
496.7
520.2
617.7
764.6
1524.4
1587.5
1702.8
1728.1
6.4
7.2
13.7
118.4
3831.5
4467.3
5659.8
7607.3
9657.5
405.3
488.0
9169.5
174.7 e
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
1.1 e
219.2 e
293.9 e
3656.7
4248.1
5365.9
7201.9
0.4
147.4 e
145.3 e
9527.3
382.6 e
9144.7
3.0 e
3.0
160.8
9829.3
452.3 e
9377.1
169.5 e
9938.3
458.7
9479.6
2.2 e
2.2 e
0.8
3.8
3.6
3.1 e
15.6
19.1
25.5
65.7
92.4 e
94.5
98.7 e
97.6
Imports
68.5
87.7
140.3
255.3
342.7
341.2 e
359.9 e
371.9 e
Exports
Electrical Energy Supplied(2)
61.0
81.4
124.6
231.9
339.6
327.4 e
340.3 e
3648.7
4235.2
5356.1
7158.4
9073.5

Final Consumption(4)
302.0 e
119.6 e
349.1 e
128.7 e
437.7 e
179.1 e
580.8
211.3
9057.4
613.8 e
232.0 e
553.4 e
243.8 e
9292.7
679.4 e
245.5 e
2.0 e
353.5 e
9396.2
669.8 e
253.4
3227.1
3757.5
4739.4
6366.3
8227.8
8260.2
8367.8
8472.9
3820.7
4454.0
5644.1
7564.5
9589.0 e
9458.5
9759.1
9862.8
3838.9
4473.6
5675.6
7630.7
9660.6
9541.1 e
9848.9 e
9956.7 e
6577.6
8459.7 e
8504.0 e
8613.3 e
8726.4 e
Other commonly reported data:
3346.7 e 3886.2 e 4918.4 e


OECD Total
4. ELECTRICITY GENERATION BY SOURCE
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
4503.31
5644.11
7564.46
9588.99
9759.09
9862.85
10056.03
3.3
Coal
1638.76
2317.01
3059.81
3710.92
3714.12
3842.57
3817.72
4.0
1.6
Oil
1066.58
978.72
692.73
578.96
555.90
561.24
518.71
-2.7
-2.0
531.03
617.70
764.55
1524.37
1702.83
1728.14
1845.52
2.3
6.5
7.92
13.72
118.43
172.14
18.4
2.7
242.08
620.67
1724.83
2244.38
2276.01
2223.37
2316.63
13.1
2.1
6.97
11.08
28.70
32.98
32.88
34.33
34.43
9.3
1.3
31.67 e
51.66 e
21.5
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.61
0.54
5.24
1009.37
1084.67
1170.16
10.79
15.73
42.81
Total
4138.78
5277.62
6949.53
Coal
1501.21 e 2183.60
Hydro
Hydro Pumped Storage
147.37 e
160.80
169.46 e
79.96
14.4
1241.84
1270.92
0.9
0.6
70.23
75.49
72.73
9.0
3.9
9119.60
9189.62
..
3.3
..
..
4.2
..
438.12 e
..
-2.8
..
1310.43 e 1475.60 e 1486.37 e
..
1.2
..
1318.35 e 1264.91
68.53 e
61.90 e
2.1
of which:
Oil
950.24 e
871.78
599.44
Gas
501.26
585.31
611.18
..
6.5
..
1718.31
2243.66
2274.99
2223.37
..
13.2
..
6.97
11.07
21.53
32.70
32.66
34.04
..
7.3
..
0.60
0.51
1.36
29.45 e
48.69 e
58.15 e
..
5.3
..
938.00
1005.32
1087.39
1180.78
..
0.9
..
10.79
15.73
42.77
70.17
75.41
..
9.0
..
Total
364.54
366.49
614.93
643.56
639.50
673.23
..
3.3
..
Coal
137.55 e
133.41 e
156.75 e
162.60 e
133.75 e
136.82 e
..
0.8
..
Oil
116.33 e
106.94
93.29 e
96.18 e
110.34 e
123.12 e
..
-1.4
..
32.39 e
153.37 e
213.94 e
227.23 e
241.77 e
..
10.8
..
106.43 e
Hydro
7.27
51.82 e
445.55 e
615.44
Geothermal
4.59 e
482.78 e
237.85
Nuclear
2.66
8945.43
2903.06 e 3548.32 e 3580.37 e 3705.76 e
59.11 e
1246.26 e 1202.63
68.44 e
63.02 e
Autoproducers
Gas
29.78
5.27
9.13
111.16 e
95.55 e
101.69 e
..
21.0
..
Nuclear
4.23
5.23
6.52
0.71
1.02
..
2.7
..
Geothermal
0.01
7.17
0.27
0.22
0.29
..
..
0.01
0.04
3.89
2.21 e
2.97
3.75
..
42.8
..
71.37
79.35
82.78
62.28
61.06
..
0.9
..

0.04
0.10
0.06
0.08
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances and IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries .
..
..
Hydro
72.09
Notes: Hydro pumped storage is excluded from hydro generation but included in hydro gross production in Table 3.
Please refer to notes in Principles and Definitions for data coverage.
OECD Total
5. HEAT PRODUCTION IN THE TRANSFORMATION SECTOR
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
1671338
1866015
2177916
2154630
2279353
2396333
2389671
1.8
1.0
Coal
..
..
1009729
816944
791593
821885
811111
..
-2.4
Oil
..
..
209871
141624
161452
177955
165595
..
-2.6
Gas
..
..
669545
806046
970454
1008718
1013218
..
4.7
..
..
232853 e
336487 e 299628 e
351411
..
4.7
338987 e
80-95 95-04
Non-Spec. Comb. Fuels
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
4333
1516
3372
3557
3954
..
-1.0
3.1
Geothermal
..
..
7823
8023
10781
10330
10291
..
Solar
..
..
2629
3646
3234
3191
3316
..
2.6
Heat Pumps
..
..
25400
27333
28247
24818
23753
..
-0.7
Electric Boilers
..
..
15733
13011
10592
6892
7022
..
-8.6
Total
1141243
1386625
1704906
1826975
1918525
2034865
..
2.7
..
Coal
..
..
849077 e
747715 e 674098 e
710538 e
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
177203 e
108760 e
96518 e
111528 e
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
496341 e
724749 e 883604 e
921720 e
..
..
..
..
..
129134 e
195945 e 211465 e
245694 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
4333
1516
3372
3557
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
7823
8023
10712
10271
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
24
37
51
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
25265
27255
28129
24615
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
15724
12988
10590
6891
..
..
..
Total
530095
479390
473010
327655
360828
361468
..
-0.8
..
Coal
..
..
69229
117495
111347 e
..
..
..
of which:
Autoproducers
160652 e
Oil
..
..
32668
32864
64934
66427 e
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
173204
81297
86850
86998
..
..
..
..
..
103719 e
88163 e
93293 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
140542 e
Geothermal
..
..
69
59
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
2623
3622
3197
3140
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
135
78
118 e
203 e
..
..
..
23
2 e
1 e
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
9
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Balances of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD.
OECD Total
6. GROSS AND NET ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION
(TWh)
Total Gross Production
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
9938.33
3831.45
4467.25
4514.10
5659.83
7607.26
9657.52
9527.31
9829.33
Nuclear
103.69
188.50
242.08
620.67
1724.83
2244.38
2273.97
2276.01
2223.37
Hydro
884.83
925.56
1020.16
1100.40
1212.97
1386.88
1283.88
1335.14
1317.33
of which:
Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
..
13.22
10.79
15.73
42.81
68.53 e
68.78
70.23
75.49
4.52
6.63
6.97
11.08
28.70
32.98
32.24
32.88
34.33
0.68
0.71 e
0.83 e
0.93 e
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.50
0.60
0.61
0.58
0.57
0.57
0.01
3.84
28.54
34.63
48.29
58.34
1.81
1.86
1.87
1.09 e
0.01
0.04
0.12
2837.91
3346.01
3244.29
3927.15
4635.52
5961.62 e 5899.33 e 6133.64
6301.41 e
1.90
of which:
1513.57
1693.46
1638.76
2317.01
3059.81
3710.92
3616.54
3714.12
3842.57
Oil
Coal
821.22
1125.16
1066.58
978.72
692.73
578.96
549.95
555.90
561.24
Gas
496.73
520.24
531.03
617.70
764.55
1524.37
1587.51
1702.83
1728.14
6.39
7.15
7.92
13.72
118.43
5365.91
7201.94
9169.53
9144.72
9377.06
9479.63
580.11 e 1608.15
2113.11
2177.07
2179.11
2127.98
1365.91 e 1266.46
1288.64
1269.23

(1)
Total Net Production
..
..
4307.19
Nuclear
..
..
225.30
Hydro
..
..
1009.53 e 1087.20 e 1196.23
147.37 e
145.34 e
160.80
169.46 e
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
10.65
15.41
41.62
67.43 e
68.11
69.55
74.78
Geothermal
..
..
6.52
9.72
27.27
31.64
30.97
31.66
32.79
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.59
Wind
..
..
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
0.67 e
0.68 e
0.80 e
0.91 e
0.49
0.59
0.60
0.57
0.56
1.08 e
0.57
0.01
3.81
28.45
34.48
48.06
58.11
0.01
0.03
0.12
1.72
1.78
1.75
1.81
3013.92 e 3621.73 e 4285.33 e 5600.11 e 5632.59 e 5826.37 e 5988.07 e
Source: IEA/OECD Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, IEA/OECD Electricity Statistics.

(1) Data are not available prior to 1974. Total may not add up due to a lack of breakdown of net electricity production by source
for Czech Republic before 1992 and for Slovak Republic before 2001.
OECD Total
8A. FUEL USE FOR ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1122.90
1369.25
1373.41
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
826.61
970.52
1405.87
1434.11
1.8
Coal
450.11 e
595.70 e
746.30 e
875.49 e
876.40 e
885.00
905.71
3.0
1.5
Oil
252.88 e
227.71 e
149.24 e
129.51 e
121.86 e
118.36
121.23
-3.1
-1.6
Gas
120.66
141.50
175.06 e
315.86 e
324.64 e
347.24
350.97
2.2
5.5
52.30 e
48.38 e
50.51 e
55.27
56.20
18.4
0.6
2.2
Total
2.96 e
5.60 e
1.9
of which: Main Activity Prod.

Total
..
889.28
976.38
1280.04
1299.50
..
Coal
..
550.07 e
698.55 e
838.61 e
843.27 e
852.89
872.90
..
1.7
Oil
..
202.81 e
133.29 e
102.47 e
96.69 e
98.79
97.54
..
-2.4
Gas
..
134.54
140.49
275.59 e
284.06 e
304.18
302.68
..
6.1
19.48 e
20.88 e
24.18
26.38
..
15.49
..
1.85 e
4.06 e
1236.15
1244.90
8B. IMPUTED ENERGY USED FOR ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCTION

FROM NON-COMBUSTIBLE FUELS
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
54.94
171.86
474.79
612.47
619.74
615.61
603.18
13.5
49.22
162.25
450.01
584.93
592.70
593.22
579.51
13.9
2.0
5.72
9.61
24.73
27.39 e
26.88 e
22.21 e
23.49
9.0
-0.4
0.06
0.15 e
0.17 e
0.17 e
9.3
78.51
93.33
101.03
116.04
107.69
113.14
112.03
1.5
0.8
78.46
93.28
100.63
113.38 e
104.50
108.78
106.80
1.5
0.5
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05 e
0.05 e
0.4
-0.3
0.00
0.33
2.45
2.98
4.15
5.02 e
23.3
0.00
0.01
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
23.4
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.18 e
1.9
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Notes: Imputed inputs are calculated from the electricity produced from these energy sources using the methodology
described in Principles and Definitions.
OECD Total
12. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Solar, Wind, Tide(2)
Electricity
Heat
of which:
2839.11
2963.54
3127.35
3679.19
3663.18
3686.20
3753.53
0.6
1.4
285.69
248.31
225.40
130.28
125.49
123.77
126.85
-1.4
-4.3
1610.68
1598.48
1634.57
1926.39
1939.06
1947.82
1976.85
0.1
1.5
515.53
569.85
589.92
738.93
717.72
728.04
746.86
0.8
1.8
82.99
103.12
87.63
126.37
117.79
114.05
118.48
0.3
2.3
0.35
0.51
2.07
2.89
3.05
3.11
3.56
10.9
4.3
0.03
1.43
3.09
3.03
3.06
3.03
6.0
323.15
407.59
547.50
707.59
710.37
719.63
728.67
3.2
2.2
20.71
35.65
38.83
43.65
46.67
46.72
49.23
3.8
1.8
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1076.53
1072.82
983.77
1143.82
1097.57
1109.53
1116.07
-0.5
1.0
179.29
159.35
154.74
112.24
107.53
106.66
110.33
-0.9
-2.6
427.17
392.68
296.56
350.38
344.57
346.04
346.86
-2.1
1.2
259.25
270.52
261.23
322.35
300.32
305.91
304.29
0.0
1.2
42.02
49.09
35.71
68.45
61.30
59.07
60.50
-1.0
4.1
0.03
0.02
0.26
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.46
13.7
4.3
0.01
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.12
23.2
157.91
185.73
222.56
276.82
269.06
275.41
276.47
2.0
1.7
10.86
15.44
12.70
13.04
14.24
15.87
17.05
0.9
2.3
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
720.64
810.69
989.07
1221.67
1223.32
1243.93
1265.23
1.9
1.9
7.21
2.55
0.28
0.10
0.14
0.09
0.06
-17.4
-11.0
691.14
785.35
962.39
1188.97
1190.41
1209.48
1231.00
2.0
1.9
17.00
16.75
18.68
20.97
20.94
22.18
21.66
0.6
1.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.38
2.50
2.90
3.09
-1.9
77.3
5.29
6.05
7.72
9.25
9.32
9.28
9.41
2.3
1.5
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
44.21
50.56
61.29
66.54
67.69
66.59
64.67
1.9
0.4
1.08
1.16
1.23 e
1.33 e
0.2
-1.7
1.61 e
1.70 e
1.67 e
38.22 e
43.11
48.10
52.02 e
52.74 e
51.79 e
49.93 e
1.4
0.3
0.13
0.74
4.58
5.08
5.19
5.03 e
4.63 e
23.6
0.1
0.08
0.14
0.46 e
1.02 e
1.12 e
1.31 e
1.30 e
10.9
8.2
0.02
0.02
0.09
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
8.6
5.5
36.0
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
3.78
4.36
5.87
6.86 e
6.98 e
6.75 e
7.01 e
2.6
1.4
0.37
0.49
0.53
0.30 e
0.31
0.29
0.30
2.1
-4.3
(1) Total Final Energy Consumption (TFC) includes non-energy use but excludes use in Transformation and Energy Sectors.
OECD Total
12. FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY BY FUEL (continued)
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
285.39
17.04 e
131.34 e
72.84
0.81
0.01
62.50
0.84
292.99
16.53 e
106.51 e
80.21
1.08
0.02
86.40
2.25
346.77
14.42
83.71
100.48
0.30
0.07
0.06
141.81
5.91
418.39
2.64
82.12
121.71
2.45
0.38
0.10
201.23
7.76
427.64
2.78
85.55
121.35
2.26
0.40
0.11
207.15
8.03
424.75
4.10
83.21
123.45
2.60
0.42
0.12
203.02
7.84
435.01
3.95
84.73
128.32
2.92
0.59
0.14
206.63
7.73
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
547.74
66.73 e
198.69 e
154.01
27.21
0.29
93.05
7.75
552.45
58.28 e
147.87 e
179.26
28.86 e
0.45
0.03
124.11
13.60
593.01
45.76
121.23
199.57
37.04
0.97
1.34
168.63
18.47
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
65.41
10.72 e
28.02
12.31 e
12.86
0.62
77.70
7.65 e
18.89
22.38 e
23.95
0.94
36.36
6.87
7.16 e
5.38
14.11 e
0.68
0.02 e
0.91
17.37
0.32
5.42 e
6.66
1.60 e
0.29
0.06 e
0.41
16.41
0.05
5.36 e
6.77
0.77 e
0.30
0.07
0.66
0.88 e
3.88 e
1.22 e
2.61 e
2.43 e
Heat
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
692.78
13.01
129.77
262.17
50.46
1.61
2.81
213.01
19.94
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
702.41
12.98
133.13
263.15
49.84
1.74
2.72
217.20
21.66
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1.2
-1.0
-2.6
1.9
-5.7
10.4
4.9
12.1
1.8
-9.5
0.1
1.9
19.2
18.1
7.0
2.9
2.1
0.5
-2.2
-2.9
1.5
1.8
7.3
3.6
5.2
1.6
-10.9
0.4
2.7
2.4
5.9
5.7
2.4
1.5
14.21
0.06
5.31 e
6.11 e
0.13 e
0.30
0.08
0.64
15.61
0.05
5.64
7.03
0.17 e
0.29
0.02
0.72
-3.4
-2.6
-7.7
-4.8
0.5
2.3
-6.3
-31.2
-1.8
2.1
-28.8
-6.3
-0.4
-1.7
1.59 e
1.68 e
2.0
2.5
701.13
10.81
126.75
265.35
48.05
1.79
2.73
224.52
21.13
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
725.27
10.26
127.89
280.94
50.50
2.05
2.74
228.43
22.47
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e

OECD Total
13. TOTAL FINAL CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY AND FINAL CONSUMPTION
OF ELECTRICITY, BY SECTOR (Mtoe)
TFC
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2839.11
2963.54
2956.03
3127.35
3359.45
3679.19
3663.18
3686.20
3753.53
Total Industry
1076.53
1072.82
1001.68
983.77
1014.32
1143.82
1097.57
1109.53
1116.07
Iron and Steel
162.60
136.33
114.14
101.41
103.56
108.21
101.85
101.39
102.24
Chem. and Petrochemical
226.81
237.48
237.63
329.42
384.13
433.21
414.21
420.19
417.69
Non-ferrous Metals
30.03
38.67
34.57
31.86
42.50
49.11
47.22
46.38
46.04
Non-metallic Minerals
66.67
72.71
70.78
68.62
82.08
86.42
85.53
83.77
84.91
Transport Equipment
14.47
15.26
15.52
12.70
17.36
24.11
23.13
23.24
22.98
Machinery
28.47
32.62
40.05
44.27
52.15
53.57
52.82
51.39
51.26
13.59
18.48
18.59
18.19
17.50
19.68
19.00
19.86
21.13
Food and Tobacco
39.88
46.16
46.73
47.21
63.09
69.69
70.48
71.08
70.94
Paper, Pulp and Printing
61.73
62.29
63.84
73.43
99.83
125.34
117.15
116.62
118.80
19.04
7.55
9.28
9.30
8.76
19.45
20.85
20.12
19.08
Construction
10.44
12.60
13.18
15.57
16.42
15.12
16.14
15.79
16.05
Textile and Leather
24.69
24.00
22.80
18.66
22.35
23.03
22.63
21.66
22.24
Non Specified/Other
389.60
366.94
314.55
213.69
93.90
115.48
107.29
119.08
122.74
Non-Industry Sectors
1663.38
1784.38
1853.58
2026.50
2226.86
2416.75
2437.46
2450.62
2505.79
44.21
50.56
62.02
61.29
68.22
66.54
67.69
66.59
64.67
285.39
292.99
304.13
346.77
388.76
418.39
427.64
424.75
435.01
Agriculture
Commerce and Publ. Serv.
Residential
547.74
552.45
593.30
593.01
654.65
692.78
702.41
701.13
725.27
Transport
720.64
810.69
842.51
989.07
1097.33
1221.67
1223.32
1243.93
1265.23

Non-Energy Use(1)
65.41
77.70
51.62
36.36
17.90
17.37
16.41
14.21
15.61
99.20
106.33
100.76
117.08
118.26
118.62
128.15
126.05
131.66
Electricity Consumption
323.15
407.59
464.51
547.50
617.81
707.59
710.37
719.63
728.67
Total Industry
157.91
185.73
195.23
222.56
246.17
276.82
269.06
275.41
276.47
Iron and Steel
22.10
24.83
24.34
24.52
25.89
28.47 e
27.43 e
28.38 e
28.50 e
32.88
35.43
38.30
43.92
47.48
49.57 e
48.49 e
48.96 e
48.56 e
Non-ferrous Metals
19.33
23.95
20.13
19.07
21.59
24.97 e
25.41 e
25.77 e
26.13 e
7.99
9.71
10.46
11.50
13.03
13.92 e
14.13 e
14.07 e
13.87 e
Transport Equipment
5.79
6.91
8.28
6.52
7.15
9.53
9.24 e
9.78 e
9.78
25.57 e
Machinery
10.38
12.87
18.53
23.44
23.97
26.51 e
26.56 e
25.57 e
4.85
5.72
7.05
8.47
8.46
8.85 e
8.58 e
8.79 e
8.42
Food and Tobacco
7.33
9.55
12.38
13.51
15.72
17.98 e
18.54 e
18.85 e
19.16 e
14.06
16.96
22.95
27.44
31.09
33.41 e
33.04 e
33.10 e
33.18 e
2.81
3.62
4.19
4.60
4.79
5.15
5.03 e
5.02 e
4.95
Construction
0.58
0.87
0.99
1.08
1.31
1.29 e
1.36 e
1.39 e
1.45 e
Textile and Leather
7.38
7.70
8.53
8.04
8.57
8.93 e
8.83 e
7.98 e
8.62 e
Non Specified/Other
22.42
27.61
19.09
30.44
37.12
48.25 e
42.42 e
47.74 e
48.27 e
165.24
221.86
269.28
324.94
371.64
3.78
4.36
5.35
5.87
6.19
62.50
86.40
111.27
141.81
165.84
201.23 e 207.15 e 203.02 e 206.63 e
Residential
93.05
124.11
144.67
168.63
189.79
213.01 e 217.20 e 224.52 e 228.43
5.29
6.05
6.80
7.72
8.68
9.25
9.32
9.28
9.41

0.62
0.94
1.18
0.91
1.14 e
0.41
0.66
0.64
0.72
Agriculture
Transport
430.76
6.86 e
441.31
6.98 e
444.22
452.20
6.75 e
(1) Refers to use of refined petroleum products, natural gas or coal for non energy purposes. This includes use of products
such as white spirit, paraffin waxes, lubricants and bitumen, or transformations such as coal for graphite electrodes, as well
as oil and natural gas used as petrochemical feedstocks.
7.01 e
OECD Total
14. ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BY SECTOR
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
3886.18
4918.43
6577.61
8459.71
8503.98
8613.26
8726.37
3.1
2.2
Industry
1.7
1836.12
2159.62
2587.88
3218.88
3128.62
3202.46
3214.76
2.0
Transport
61.47
70.33
89.76
107.57
108.43
107.94
109.41
2.3
1.5
Agriculture
43.99
50.65
68.25
2.6
1.4
Commercial & Publ. Serv.

Residential
Energy(1)
79.80 e
81.15 e
78.48 e
81.51 e
726.76
1004.68
1649.01
2339.87 e 2408.74 e 2360.73 e 2402.66 e
4.9
2.9
1081.93
1443.12
1960.82
2476.89 e 2525.54 e 2610.75 e 2656.17
3.6
2.4
128.67
179.06
211.34
231.96
243.82 e
245.49 e
253.45 e
3.0
1.4
7.23
10.97
10.56
4.73
7.68
7.43
8.41
2.3
-1.7
727.53 e
731.34 e
740.74 e
750.47 e
3.1
2.2
334.21
422.98
565.67
Note: The final consumption of electricity reported in Table 13 excludes energy consumed in the Energy Sector.
15. ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BY INDUSTRY

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1836.12
2159.62
2587.88
3218.88
3128.62
3202.46
3214.76
2.0
1.7
Iron and Steel
256.99
288.74
285.06
331.00 e
318.98 e
330.06 e
331.39 e
0.6
1.2
382.27
412.01
510.66
576.35 e
563.85 e
569.25 e
564.62 e
1.7
0.8
Non-Ferrous Metals
224.78
278.44
221.78
290.35 e
295.47 e
299.64 e
303.87 e
-0.1
2.5
92.94
112.96
133.74
Transport Equipment
67.37
80.34
75.82
120.69
149.63
56.45
Food and Tobacco
Machinery

Construction
161.81 e
164.34 e
163.63 e
161.24 e
2.2
1.4
110.83
107.43 e
113.74 e
113.72
0.7
3.2
272.57
308.24 e
308.78 e
297.36 e
297.34 e
4.9
0.7
66.50
98.51
102.90 e
99.72 e
102.21 e
97.95
3.3
-0.0
85.23
111.04
157.04
209.12 e
215.62 e
219.21 e
222.81 e
3.7
2.7
163.52
197.23
319.11
388.51 e
384.23 e
384.87 e
385.83 e
4.0
1.5
32.68
42.13
53.53
59.84
58.46 e
58.35 e
57.56
2.9
0.6
6.77
10.10
12.60
15.06 e
15.80 e
16.20 e
16.92 e
3.7
2.3
85.78
89.50
93.48
103.88 e
102.72 e
92.81 e
100.29 e
0.5
0.5
Non Specified/Other
260.66
321.00
353.98
561.01 e
493.20 e
555.13 e
561.24 e
1.8
3.6
276.82
269.06
275.41
276.47
2.0
1.7

157.91
185.73
222.56
OECD Total
16. ELECTRICITY IMPORTS BY ORIGIN
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
87.74
140.29
196.72
255.35
258.74
342.72
341.17
359.89
371.85
155.75
208.69
247.95
325.55
316.50
334.10
342.83
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
8.13
7.04
8.60
12.52
11.53 e
11.90 e
10.33 e
Belgium
3.53
4.49
3.55
4.50
4.81
10.31 e
12.36 e
Canada
45.66
20.56
44.50
48.52
38.40
36.13
29.32
Czech Republic
2.98
6.12
18.63
18.76 e
21.52 e
26.25 e
Denmark
2.61
4.94
5.65
8.18
8.88 e
11.10 e
15.65 e
Finland
0.88
0.36
0.28
1.00
2.83
3.02
8.47
France
27.77
55.50
77.74
77.72
75.18 e
80.76 e
71.66
Germany
14.66
22.16
27.17
39.91
42.12
38.37
47.39 e
Greece
0.01
0.50
1.13
Hungary
0.21
0.62
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Ireland
0.03
Italy
0.34
0.25
0.36
0.47
0.61
0.72 e
Luxembourg
0.42
0.97
0.78
0.74
1.15 e
2.92 e
2.79 e
Mexico
0.24
1.95
2.26
0.08
0.10
0.24
1.07
Netherlands
0.89
3.50
3.90
4.03
Norway
4.44
16.41
8.57
20.49
7.16
Poland
3.28
4.93
7.15
9.66
11.19 e
11.50 e
15.09
Portugal
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.47
3.43
3.10
Slovak Republic
1.52
0.78
2.48
8.83
9.52
10.26
Spain
4.89
3.61
3.03
5.29
4.98
5.56 e
6.59 e
Sweden
6.95
14.61
8.63
12.96
17.35 e
14.36 e
11.02 e
Switzerland
25.44
23.35
26.17
29.79
33.95 e
32.58 e
32.59 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.05
0.05
1.23
1.70
United States
2.83
18.36
8.59
16.41
16.44
16.63
24.54
Total Non-OECD
40.97
46.66
10.79
17.17
24.67
25.79
29.03
Albania
0.08
0.17
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.05
Bulgaria
1.48
0.32
0.65
4.36
6.18
6.76
4.40
Romania
0.28
Former USSR
16.19
16.87
7.30
11.83
12.70
18.33
of which: Azerbaijan
8.34 e
5.19 e
4.32 e
0.54 e
15.00
2.12 e
3.92 e
5.60
9.05
3.77 e
Belarus
0.16
0.64
0.80
1.23
Georgia
0.87
0.18
0.20
0.52
0.09
Russian Federation
4.27
4.53
4.84 e
4.76
7.89
8.16
11.51
Turkmenistan
0.02
Ukraine
11.06
12.16
3.50
2.18
2.78
3.65
5.57
1.72
2.26
1.31
5.17
6.36
6.26
5.57
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
0.94
0.83
Serbia and Montenegro

Slovenia
0.54
0.89
0.50
0.61
1.13
1.18
1.36
0.82
4.55
5.23
5.32
4.74
21.50
27.05
0.29
0.29
0.06
0.68
Others
OECD Total
17. ELECTRICITY EXPORTS BY DESTINATION
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
81.44
124.55
175.61
231.92
252.32
339.62
327.40
340.28
353.49
155.47
208.42
247.48
325.93
314.30
324.81
337.45
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
6.42
7.16
9.75
13.92
14.43 e
15.29 e
18.80 e
Belgium
4.91
2.32
6.06
11.56
13.78
16.85 e
14.29 e
Canada
4.81
19.94
7.99
12.69
16.11
13.00
23.58
Czech Republic
0.05
4.41
8.70
9.23 e
9.30
10.03
Denmark
3.10
12.11
3.83
8.57
8.32 e
9.05 e
7.17 e
Finland
1.40
6.48
3.87
8.37
5.10
6.64
0.94
France
5.38
7.02
3.26
3.68
2.71
3.78
Germany
17.99
23.24
39.44
45.61
45.94
48.37 e
47.40 e
Greece
0.02
0.36
0.03
Hungary
0.23
1.29
7.83
8.55
9.66
9.52
Ireland
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
Italy
23.95
34.23
37.90
40.41
43.70
46.66 e
47.41 e
Luxembourg
3.72
4.36
5.65
6.41
6.39 e
6.36 e
6.44 e
Mexico
0.15
0.59
1.15
1.99
0.37
0.57
0.39
Netherlands
5.49
12.66
15.50
21.84
18.62 e
14.18 e
14.55 e
Norway
3.84
0.41
1.91 e
1.23
Poland
0.01
0.01
4.09
2.49
3.08 e
3.31 e
2.78
Portugal
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.72
5.33
5.90
Slovak Republic
4.06
6.25
2.10
5.97
5.73
5.75
Spain
3.92
3.21
7.63
12.27
10.27
12.49 e
9.52 e
Sweden
5.50
12.75
8.22 e
17.69
10.03 e
18.95 e
23.81 e
Switzerland
13.92
21.69
24.07
23.92 e
27.75 e
30.02 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.13
11.93
16.33
14.77
12.48
10.09 e
United States
43.25
20.08
45.36
51.05
39.37
36.28
31.30
Total Non-OECD
20.13
23.50
4.84
13.69
13.10
15.47
16.04
Albania
0.13
0.54
0.39
1.11
1.00
1.16
0.78
Bulgaria
0.57
0.01
0.21
Romania
0.26
0.09
0.09
0.19
0.12
19.08
4.34 e
10.55
5.11
13.29
8.01
5.53 e
Former USSR
0.03
0.13
0.69
0.44
0.65
1.30
1.72
0.50
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.40
Belarus
Georgia
0.12
0.18
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.22
0.87
1.31
1.41
2.48
3.18
8.97
9.01
10.68
9.65
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
0.12
4.47
4.69
5.32
5.84
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
0.05
0.16

Slovenia
0.26
0.39
0.26
1.19
1.33
1.95
0.52
1.15
2.09
2.81
3.31
2.98
3.36
3.13
18.57
19.52
0.48
2.96
2.34
2.14 e
3.78 e
Others
OECD Total
18. NET MAXIMUM ELECTRICITY GENERATING CAPACITY AT 31 DECEMBER
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
924.78
1291.09
1456.01
1577.92
1737.10
1762.58
2036.14
2124.47
2200.27
MAIN ACTIVITY PRODUCERS

Classification by Fuel
Total Capacity (1)
Nuclear
52.37
119.91
204.07
264.08
294.61
301.92
309.68
313.93
313.14
166.67
282.05
326.82
353.34
389.46
401.89 e
406.16
409.01
408.97 e
2.36
17.99
32.43
44.04
81.48
84.72 e
84.80
83.41
82.38 e
Geothermal
0.64
1.87
2.83
3.37
3.78
5.35
5.55
5.68
5.84
0.92
Hydro
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.02
0.01
0.07 e
0.76
0.72
0.80
0.24
0.24
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26 e
0.26 e
0.26
0.06
0.42
1.12 e
Wind
Combustible Fuels
14.84
21.05
27.43
0.26
33.99 e
0.08
0.17
0.11
0.13
0.21 e
704.86
887.02
921.95
956.44
1047.73
1037.39
1292.61
1367.24
1436.94 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
295.27
373.80
376.34
415.81
433.40
441.95 e
518.39 e
459.41 e
Liquid Fuels
204.89
250.18
197.51
184.81
178.04
141.72 e
151.00 e
135.67 e
135.51 e
Natural Gas
72.52
100.31
38.88
52.17
75.04
138.03 e
236.04 e
293.61 e
346.99 e
0.08
0.17
0.94
0.92
1.17
3.12 e
8.60 e
7.56 e
10.79 e
58.13 e

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
473.20 e
38.29
43.09
81.35
80.89
88.28
69.24 e
71.98 e
58.18 e
Solid / Natural Gas
16.97
18.17
30.74
34.32
40.77
8.76 e
8.89 e
2.88 e
2.93 e
64.59
80.65
181.90
165.49
194.32
170.07 e
235.62 e
232.49 e
255.10 e
7.48
12.17
14.29
15.00
17.78
16.75 e
16.25 e
10.09 e
10.08 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993, for Korea before 1994 and for Slovak Republic before 1995.
(2) Breakdown of electrical capacity by type of fuel is not available for Czech Republic before 2003, for Korea in 2002,
for Slovak Republic before 2001 and for Sweden from 1990 to 2002.
OECD Total
18. NET MAXIMUM ELECTRICITY GENERATING CAPACITY AT 31 DECEMBER (continued)
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
68.54
75.93
74.86
122.13
163.56
294.70
142.97
145.46
151.31
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity (1)
Nuclear
Hydro
0.55
1.01
0.98
12.13
14.24
14.48
0.95
15.85 e
0.70
17.93 e
0.17
0.17
18.36
12.62
0.17
12.03 e
c
12.35 e
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.04
0.04
Geothermal
0.04
0.04
1.09
1.27
0.05
0.05
0.04 e
0.05
Solar
0.34
0.42
0.05
0.06 e
0.07 e
0.12 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Wind
1.97
3.09
0.58
0.70
0.96
1.45
0.11
0.13
0.14
0.12
55.87
60.64
59.37
101.93
140.05
275.36
129.23 e
132.07 e
Combustible Fuels
0.16 e
137.18 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
20.73
20.64
19.78
20.94
15.30
66.22 e
15.99 e
11.97 e
14.64 e
Liquid Fuels
21.61
24.42
19.90
9.66
10.56
21.83 e
13.31 e
12.13 e
12.98 e
Natural Gas
2.06
2.01
4.58
23.84
30.93
81.47 e
36.00 e
29.02 e
29.28 e
0.08
0.47
1.95
9.14
4.43
14.26 e
9.91 e
9.80 e
11.07 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
5.02
6.37
5.38
5.05
8.43
4.72 e
4.56 e
4.44 e
4.18 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.99
0.71
0.25
0.17
2.55
0.97 e
1.58 e
1.38 e
1.42 e
3.57
4.07
4.86
10.35
19.06
47.72 e
7.02 e
7.40 e
7.02 e
1.81
1.96
2.68
2.87
23.58
1.56 e
1.62 e
1.54 e
1.55 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993, for Korea before 1996 and for Slovak Republic before 2001.
(2) Breakdown of electrical capacity by type of fuel is not available for Czech Republic before 2003, for Slovak Republic before 2001
and for Sweden from 1990 to 2002.
OECD North America

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
1949.49
2101.78
2261.07
2706.47
2693.85
2701.37
2748.99
0.9
1.4
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
4851.34
5881.80
8004.00
11059.94
11360.12
11689.27
12189.40
3.0
3.1
0.40
0.36
0.28
0.24
0.24
0.23
0.23
-2.1
-1.6
TPES/population(2)
288.03
318.34
359.13
411.77
421.00
425.42
429.62
1.3
1.3
6.77
6.60
6.30
6.57
6.40
6.35
6.40
-0.4
0.1
100
89
70
61
59
58
56
-2.1
-1.6
100
103
100
95
92
90
..
-0.0
..
6665
7497
8779
10065
9788
9748
..
1.6
..
2272.69
2867.56
3807.44
4835.54
4842.33
4859.90
4971.69
3.1
1.9
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
1949.49
2101.78
2261.07
2706.47
2693.85
2701.37
2748.99
0.9
1.4
Coal
328.15
399.82
486.04
582.09
579.32
569.40
579.22
2.3
1.3
Oil
936.98
959.29
930.65
1070.60
1079.02
1104.82
1137.87
-0.0
1.4
Gas
562.28
541.47
517.20
656.41
647.56
640.31
632.88
-0.5
1.5
Comb. Renew & Waste
51.52
69.01
77.75
92.69
85.17
88.13
88.76
2.5
1.0
Nuclear
27.31
79.77
179.55
229.00
231.89
227.56
237.92
11.7
2.0
2.25
5.39
18.51
18.16
12.91
13.99
15.09
13.2
-1.4
0.32
2.70
16.4
40.96
47.03
51.03
55.46
55.26
54.70
54.63
1.3
0.5
0.05
0.01
0.02
-0.07
0.26
-0.10
-0.07
-4.3
TPES (Mtoe)
Geothermal
Hydro
Heat
2.13 e

(2) Net Imports = Total Imports - Total Exports
2.47 e
2.54 e
OECD North America

(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
44.8
104.4
304.2
687.5
878.7
878.0
889.8
873.2
440.5
476.3
546.9
609.3
671.7
576.7
667.4
663.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
15.9
26.9
26.6
24.8
27.2
0.6
2.6
6.3
21.1
20.5
19.8
20.3
21.2
Solar
0.7
0.6 e
0.6 e
0.6 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Wind
3.1
5.9
7.2
10.9
12.1
1470.5
1689.4
2010.3
2501.7
3284.9
3182.2
3278.1
3316.7
804.8
942.5
1302.7
1789.6
2266.2
2123.2
2182.1
2227.1
252.8
360.3
315.8
217.5
230.3
239.2
200.9
225.8
412.6
386.4
390.0
404.3
708.1
746.3
815.4
781.6
Nuclear
Hydro
of which:
Geothermal
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
0.6 e
0.3
0.3
1.8
90.2
80.2
73.5
79.8
82.3
1956.4
2272.8
2867.7
3823.4
4862.4
4664.5
4867.2
4887.1
79.3
108.9
150.3
209.3
265.2
158.4
222.6
228.3
1877.1
2163.9
2717.3
3614.0
4597.3
4506.0
4644.5
4658.9
0.3
0.3
0.2
22.8
32.0
35.2
33.6
35.7
Imports
10.6
19.4
33.7
40.9
65.0
54.9
53.0
54.9
Exports
10.5
18.9
33.6
40.6
65.9
56.0
50.0
56.1
1876.9
2164.2
2717.2
3591.5
4564.5
4469.8
4613.9
4622.0
167.2
193.5
252.8
345.8
244.2
369.3
351.5
305.1 e
51.1
51.7
78.5
93.9
116.4
126.0
125.4
124.8
1658.6
1919.0
2385.9
3151.8
4142.9
4099.5
4119.2
4145.8
1956.3
2272.7
2867.6
3807.4
4835.5
4637.9
4842.3
4859.9
1956.5
2273.4
2867.8
3823.6
4861.6
4663.4
4870.1
4886.0
1709.7
1970.7
2464.4
3245.7
4259.4 e
4225.6
4244.7
4270.5

OECD North America

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
2281.83
2867.56
3807.44
4835.54
4842.33
4859.90
4971.69
3.3
1.9
Coal
899.70
1302.68
1789.64
2266.17
2182.10
2227.08
2208.56
4.4
1.5
Oil
350.95
315.81
217.47
230.33
200.85
225.77
236.12
-2.9
0.6
Gas
360.46
390.02
404.34
708.15
815.40
781.59
860.92
0.7
5.5
-0.8

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.26
1.76
90.23
80.25
79.77
82.28
80.40
44.0
135.95
304.22
687.49
878.74
889.79
873.21
912.95
10.7
2.0
3.06
6.27
21.14
20.52
20.34
21.15
21.38
12.8
0.1
11.0
3.76
16.12
531.45
546.82
593.37
644.85
642.54
636.05
635.24
0.7
0.5
0.11
0.10
15.92
26.89
24.83
27.23
26.76
36.7
3.8
Total
2239.79
2823.79
3526.48
4584.91
4614.37
4630.18
..
2.9
..
Coal
899.51
1302.61
1764.57 e 2210.31 e 2155.33 e 2201.60 e
..
4.3
..
Oil
344.57
308.43
201.88
218.48
183.86
204.19
..
-3.3
..
Gas
357.82
385.83
300.45
607.71
713.38
682.35
..
-1.1
..
0.26
0.46
2.23
33.35
32.89
33.63
..
14.3
..
135.95
304.22
687.38
878.74
889.79
873.21
..
10.7
..
3.06
6.27
14.22
20.52
20.34
21.15
..
10.1
..
0.03
11.50 e
12.73 e
..
..
498.61
515.99
555.72
609.30
607.29
601.32
..
0.7
..
0.11
0.10
15.92
26.89
24.83
27.23
..
36.7
..
42.05
43.77
280.96
250.64
227.95
229.73
..
Hydro
6.53 e
11.54 e
12.77 e
of which:

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
6.50 e
Autoproducers
Total
..
12.6
Coal
0.18 e
0.07 e
25.07 e
55.86 e
26.77 e
25.48 e
..
36.0
..
Oil
6.38
7.38
15.59 e
11.86
17.00
21.58
..
5.7
..
Gas
2.64
4.19
103.89 e
100.44 e
102.02 e
99.25 e
..
25.8
..
1.30
88.00 e
46.89 e
46.88 e
48.65 e
Nuclear
0.12
Geothermal
6.92
3.73
0.03
32.84
30.83
37.65
35.55
35.25
Hydro
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.04
0.04
..
..
34.73
..
0.9
..
..
..

OECD North America

(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
43140
127893
439406
357759
387381
383004
378860
80-95 95-04
16.7
Coal
..
..
116077
81572
56457
53772
56919
..
-7.6
Oil
..
..
45985
9181
11249
21386
20613
..
-8.5
Gas
..
..
246181
239876
301406
283484
277124
..
1.3
..
..
28551
27130
18269
24362
24204
..
-1.8
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
2612
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
Total
43140
114248
171977
357759
Coal
..
..
45888 e
Oil
..
..
27698
Gas
..
..
95767
..
..
12
27130
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
2612
-1.6
of which:
387381
383004
..
9.7
..
81572 e
56457
53772
..
..
..
9181 e
11249
21386
..
..
..
239876 e 301406
283484
..
..
..
18269
24362
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
..
Total
13645
267429
..
..
Coal
..
..
..
..
..
Autoproducers
70189 e
Oil
..
..
18287
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
150414
..
..
..
..
..
28539
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
OECD North America

(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1956.39
2272.81
2281.94
2867.66
3823.36
4862.43
4664.47
4867.16
4887.13
44.82
104.42
135.95
304.22
687.49
878.74
878.03
889.79
873.21
440.47
476.34
531.56
546.92
609.29
671.74
576.66
667.37
663.27
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.12
0.11
0.10
15.92
26.89
26.59
24.83
27.23
0.59
2.61
3.06
6.27
21.14
20.52
19.81
20.34
21.15
Solar
0.67
0.57 e
0.62 e
0.63 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Wind
3.07
5.93
7.16
10.88
12.13
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
0.61 e
1470.51
1689.43
1611.38
2010.26
2501.68
3284.90
3182.16
3278.12
3316.72
of which:
Coal
804.78
942.47
899.70
1302.68
1789.64
2266.17
2123.20
2182.10
2227.08
Oil
252.85
360.31
350.95
315.81
217.47
230.33
239.17
200.85
225.77
Gas
412.63
386.35
360.46
390.02
404.34
708.15
746.25
815.40
781.59
0.26
0.30
0.26
1.76
90.23
80.25
73.53
79.77
82.28

(1)
1877.08
2163.86
2186.38
2717.32
3614.04
4597.28
4506.04
4644.53
4658.87
Nuclear
..
..
127.84
287.00
648.62
830.47
849.54
860.67
844.41
Hydro
..
..
528.26
543.82
603.40
662.74
566.35
627.37
621.19
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.11
0.10
15.76
26.63
26.32
24.59
26.96
Geothermal
..
..
2.89
5.94
20.04
19.72
19.05
19.65
20.42
Solar
..
..
0.66
0.54
0.59
0.61
0.59
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Wind
..
..
3.04
5.87
7.09
10.77
12.01
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
1527.39
1880.56
2338.26
3077.91
3063.38
3125.43
3160.21

(1) Data are not available prior to 1974.
OECD North America

(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
402.98
471.11
595.59
768.16
758.97
768.90
768.97
2.3
2.0
Coal
225.26
307.07
413.09 e
533.59 e
519.92 e
521.42
526.47
3.6
1.9
Oil
88.18
73.53
46.91
55.52
54.86
48.05
53.87
-3.6
1.1
Gas
89.26
90.18
95.04 e
155.05 e
159.96
170.79
161.71
0.4
4.2
40.56 e
24.01 e
28.64
26.91
34.3
-3.1
0.27
0.34 e
24.22 e

Total
..
470.12
525.94
710.74
706.38
718.57
718.12
..
2.4
Coal
..
307.06
408.64
521.31 e
511.70 e
513.68
519.16
..
1.9
Oil
..
73.25
46.71
43.79
44.07
42.46
45.88
..
-0.1
Gas
..
89.70
70.01
135.10 e
139.81
149.91
140.20
..
5.5
10.55
10.79
12.52
12.87
..
26.88
..
0.11
0.58 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
29.55
85.16
197.78
246.78
246.07
244.35
240.75
11.8
27.31
79.77
179.55
229.00
228.82
231.89
227.56
11.7
1.8
2.25
5.39
18.17
17.64
17.10
12.31
13.04
13.1
-2.5
0.06
7.2
40.96
47.03
51.30
55.97
47.92
56.20
55.75
1.3
0.6
40.96
47.03
51.03
55.46
47.31
55.26
54.70
1.3
0.5
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 e
0.00 e
1.9
Wind
0.26
0.51
0.62
0.94
1.04 e
11.2
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.14 e
0.15 e
0.15 e
0.14 e
1.5
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
OECD North America

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
1495.40
1543.20
1555.98
1853.72
1817.32
1836.12
1865.36
0.2
1.4
80.34
62.10
59.03
36.22
36.09
34.53
35.93
-1.8
-3.7
800.39
819.74
825.13
961.69
969.88
978.94
1000.13
0.2
1.5
398.30
386.47
360.45
423.99
392.64
405.44
407.25
-0.6
0.9
51.25
68.67
37.19
67.43
58.35
54.37
56.67
-1.9
3.3
0.34
0.52
0.57
0.60
0.95
8.4
1.48
1.41
1.39
1.36
165.03
205.19
271.06
356.29
352.56
354.25
356.54
3.0
2.1
0.10
1.03
2.79
6.09
5.81
6.59
6.53
21.9
6.8
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
501.16
514.99
433.41
528.48
489.19
493.48
490.21
-0.9
1.0
66.22
53.95
49.08
33.66
33.40
31.79
33.34
-1.7
-2.9
136.99
158.19
116.34
132.11
129.11
129.18
128.63
-1.0
0.8
196.04
182.43
157.35
188.71
167.39
172.09
166.92
-1.3
0.5
35.61
40.99
16.45
44.66
38.17
35.50
37.27
-4.4
6.5
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
66.20
78.43
93.56
124.26
116.22
119.39
118.57
2.1
1.8
0.10
1.00
0.63
4.98
4.79
5.41
5.36
11.7
17.9
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
467.70
502.25
577.65
701.17
700.18
715.51
730.15
1.2
1.8
0.12
450.06
485.36
558.64
678.56
678.22
692.22
708.19
1.3
1.8
16.84
16.38
18.31
19.94
19.26
20.50
19.85
0.5
0.6
1.81
1.83
1.99
1.28
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.68
0.50
0.71
0.86
0.86
0.81
0.83
0.2
1.3
18.93
18.62
20.16
21.34
22.30
21.67
20.02
0.4
-0.1
0.26
0.36
17.36
17.35
18.35
19.25
20.33
19.31
17.53
0.3
-0.3
0.27
0.50
0.59
0.50
0.48
0.49
-0.2
0.20
0.15
1.57
1.00
1.32
1.51
1.47
1.42
1.49
-1.0
1.0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.8
OECD North America

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
166.41
3.41
55.86
65.82
41.32
-
162.65
1.84
38.08
67.72
54.98
0.03
183.47
2.39
26.95
69.57
82.40
2.16 e
224.21
0.91 e
24.43
84.15
1.24
0.19
0.04
112.12
1.12 e
224.50
1.18 e
25.34
80.50
0.96
0.21
0.05
115.24
1.02 e
221.15
2.23
24.26
83.94
1.26
0.22
0.06
107.99
1.19 e
226.77
1.97
26.70 e
85.93 e
1.40
0.38
0.07
109.16
1.17 e
0.6
-2.1
-4.2
0.3
4.1
-
1.6
-1.5
-0.1
1.6
2.2
-4.6
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
270.78
3.34
86.03
119.59
6.79
55.03
-
252.26
1.65
53.84
119.66
7.25 e
69.86
-
253.85
1.52
38.02
114.72
7.21
92.38
0.00
312.60
1.39 e
43.19
130.60
18.22
0.22
1.44
117.55
-
305.79
1.29 e
42.38
125.00
16.75
0.24
1.36
118.77
-
310.66
0.02 e
40.55
128.43
15.42
0.26
1.33
124.65
-
320.97
0.02 e
42.09
134.07 e
16.57
0.45
1.29
126.48
-
-0.4
-4.5
-4.7
-0.2
0.4
3.1
-
1.8
-27.7
0.8
1.2
6.6
2.4
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
19.70
7.24
3.37
8.85
0.23
29.27
4.53
3.88
20.44
0.42
20.26
5.69
13.54
0.34
0.69
1.50
1.50
-
0.64
0.64
-
0.2
-1.4
2.5
6.6
Heat

OECD North America

1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1495.40
1543.20
1510.03
1555.98
1665.45
1853.72
1817.32
1836.12
1865.36
Total Industry
501.16
514.99
468.99
433.41
453.16
528.48
489.19
493.48
490.21
Iron and Steel
49.96
39.93
28.48
26.62
35.01
38.10
33.03
30.00
29.67
71.61
84.36
82.16
152.48
188.27
216.55
199.67
201.33
197.34
Non-ferrous Metals
TFC
12.62
15.92
12.50
10.66
21.70
25.09
22.87
22.79
22.26
8.67
13.13
15.98
14.93
26.37
28.70
27.69
27.03
25.59
Transport Equipment
5.19
5.23
4.62
4.33
8.49
13.45
12.28
12.22
11.62
Machinery
5.14
7.03
10.62
11.49
21.36
24.89
23.69
23.23
22.25
4.91
9.08
9.47
9.65
11.04
13.14
12.39
12.67
14.32
29.10
Food and Tobacco

9.65
10.49
10.90
12.55
26.50
29.88
29.97
29.76
31.74
32.98
30.51
34.25
55.99
75.43
68.08
67.69
69.29
2.36
3.08
3.13
2.78
13.25
13.66
13.22
11.94
11.78
Construction
1.16
0.91
2.64
2.07
1.87
2.75
2.96
3.13
4.07
5.40
4.31
3.76
8.71
8.67
8.25
7.35
7.69
Non Specified/Other
295.24
287.20
255.39
147.28
34.38
39.06
35.29
44.50
46.17
943.52
965.05
983.28
1055.39
1146.47
1260.82
1253.41
1268.98
1297.92
18.93
18.62
22.36
20.16
21.62
21.34
22.30
21.67
20.02
166.41
162.65
169.87
183.47
200.80
224.21
224.50
221.15
226.77
Textile and Leather
Agriculture
Residential
270.78
252.26
241.92
253.85
294.89
312.60
305.79
310.66
320.97
Transport
467.70
502.25
515.50
577.65
628.76
701.17
700.18
715.51
730.15

Non-Energy Use(1)
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
19.70
29.27
33.64
20.26
0.41
1.50
0.64
50.72
63.16
57.76
67.18
65.81
64.42
74.72
73.65
77.24
165.03
205.19
231.95
271.06
310.30
356.29
352.56
354.25
356.54
66.20
78.43
83.43
93.56
111.34
124.26
116.22
119.39
118.57
6.00
6.70
6.17
7.69
7.49
8.26
7.49
7.39
7.12
12.89
14.20
16.30
19.95
23.53
24.99
24.39
24.61
23.46
Non-ferrous Metals
12.38
10.58
12.66
9.25
8.08
11.39
12.52
12.24
12.41
2.71
3.04
3.60
3.41
3.67
4.04
4.16
4.08
3.65
Transport Equipment
2.66
2.84
3.28
3.36
3.49
5.29
5.06
5.09
4.98
Machinery
4.46
5.36
9.20
10.30
10.04
11.83
11.63
11.26
10.83
2.98
3.33
4.50
5.77
6.26
6.57
6.21
6.05
6.00
Food and Tobacco
3.55
4.08
5.02
5.17
6.01
6.72
7.08
7.06
7.16
6.54
8.22
12.92
15.28
17.25
17.08
16.78
16.70
16.63
1.65
1.96
2.58
2.47
2.49
2.83
2.65
2.60
2.52
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Textile and Leather
3.16
3.07
3.22
3.21
3.58
3.28
3.18
2.33
2.90
Non Specified/Other
9.02
13.00
7.38
8.83
16.10
20.81 e
15.33
19.80
20.91
98.83
126.75
148.52
177.50
198.96
232.03
236.34
234.86
237.97
1.57
1.00
1.19
1.32
1.38
1.51
1.47
1.42
1.49
41.32
54.98
67.66
82.40
93.41
112.12
115.24
107.99
109.16
Residential
55.03
69.86
78.42
92.38
103.42
117.55
118.77
124.65
126.48
0.68
0.50
0.63
0.71
0.75
0.86
0.86
0.81
0.83

0.23
0.42
0.63
0.69
Construction
Agriculture
Transport
OECD North America

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1970.70
2464.42
3245.73
4259.37
4225.57
4244.65
4270.52
3.0
2.1
769.75
912.01
1087.88
1444.86
1351.40
1388.30
1378.71
2.1
1.8
7.88
5.82
8.20
10.02
10.02
9.37
9.70
0.2
1.3
1.0
18.28
11.59
15.34
17.50
17.10
16.49
17.37
-1.0
480.48
639.25
958.12
1303.75
1340.01
1255.69
1269.28
4.1
2.2
Residential
Energy(1)
639.87
812.36
1074.24
1366.81
1381.02
1449.37
1470.71
3.1
2.4
51.73
78.54
93.92
116.44
126.02
125.43
124.75
3.6
2.2
2.72
4.85
8.03
6.6
169.48
211.94
279.13
366.31
363.40
365.04
367.26
3.0
2.1


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
769.75
912.01
1087.88
1444.86
1351.40
1388.30
1378.71
2.1
90-03
1.8
69.75
77.89
89.40
96.06
87.09
85.93
82.74
1.5
-0.6
149.87
165.15
232.02
290.53
283.65
286.14
272.76
2.6
1.3
Non-Ferrous Metals
123.06
147.17
93.98
145.59
142.27
144.29
143.99
-1.6
3.3
31.48
35.31
39.61
47.01
48.32
47.40
42.45
1.4
0.5
Transport Equipment
30.92
33.01
39.12
61.50
58.83
59.17
57.86
1.4
3.1
Machinery
51.85
62.32
119.78
137.54
135.28
130.90
125.92
5.0
0.4
34.69
38.71
67.06
76.42
72.18
70.33
69.78
4.0
0.3
Food and Tobacco
41.25
47.39
60.17
78.19
82.30
82.08
83.25
2.2
2.5
76.08
95.53
177.66
198.62
195.12
194.17
193.39
5.1
0.7
19.20
22.74
28.75
32.85
30.77
30.27
29.34
2.4
0.2
Construction
0.30
0.40
0.38
0.38
0.40
2.3
36.73
35.65
37.34
38.19
37.00
27.06
33.69
0.1
-0.8
Non Specified/Other
104.89
151.16
102.70
241.95 e
178.22
230.19
243.14
-0.1
6.9
124.26
116.22
119.39
118.57
2.1
1.8

66.20
78.43
93.56
OECD North America

(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
19.41
33.74
48.72
40.86
55.35
65.00
54.94
53.01
54.93
33.74
48.72
40.86
55.35
65.00
54.94
53.01
54.93
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
30.18
45.66
20.56
44.50
48.52
38.40
36.13
29.32
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
0.24
1.95
2.26
0.08
0.10
0.24
1.07
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
3.56
2.83
18.36
8.59
16.41
16.44
16.63
24.54
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
OECD North America

(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
18.86
33.65
48.22
40.60
54.53
65.86
55.99
50.02
56.08
33.65
48.22
40.60
54.51
65.73
55.84
49.84
55.28
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
3.46
4.81
19.94
7.99
12.69
16.11
13.00
23.58
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
0.15
0.59
1.15
1.99
0.37
0.57
0.39
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
30.18
43.25
20.08
45.36
51.05
39.37
36.28
31.30
Total Non-OECD
0.02
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.80
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.02
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.80
Others
OECD North America

(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
480.13
714.33
768.10
813.78
848.05
761.78
1024.46
1088.81
1145.58

Total Capacity
Nuclear
34.33
62.36
91.44
113.84
117.22
109.84
116.91
116.91
117.40
Hydro
35.90
124.27
146.79
153.78
166.29
164.52
167.11
166.79
166.55
0.19
21.56
19.70
18.51
19.47
18.81
0.08
1.16
2.00
2.31
2.50
3.65
3.84
3.86
3.98
Solar
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.57
0.42
0.42
0.42
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02
0.02
Wind
0.00
0.03
2.47
4.05
4.69
6.45

Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
0.05
409.83
526.55
527.83
543.82
561.94
480.72
732.10
796.12
850.77
333.57
of which:
Single-fired:
183.38
252.45
250.91
282.72
277.50
266.35
334.92
336.20
Liquid Fuels
84.35
112.17
77.39
73.53
66.07
36.77
52.17
50.97
50.08
Natural Gas
60.51
68.91
17.27
21.00
19.80
36.26
130.99
183.39
229.26
0.06
0.15
0.12
0.34
0.17
0.51 e
5.65
5.65
7.37
2.10

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
12.40
15.09
28.44
8.13
12.48
2.10
2.10
Solid / Natural Gas
13.71
14.04
26.15
27.56
33.43
..
..
..
..
48.20
51.93
125.21
127.40
149.37
111.22
176.23
187.62
202.06
2.46
3.33
2.35
3.14
3.14
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
OECD North America

(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.42
10.10
8.80
52.22
79.64
202.65
45.74
47.20
48.62
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.02
4.43
6.07
4.38
5.84
7.85
11.41
5.43
6.05
5.86
0.00
0.00
Geothermal
1.06
1.22
Solar
0.34
0.41
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
1.91
1.72
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
2.98
4.03
4.42
43.06
68.44
191.23
40.30
41.14
42.73
of which:
Single-fired:
0.07
0.36
0.10
6.85
1.11
57.51 e
6.91
6.93
7.22
Liquid Fuels
2.28
2.94
3.27
4.00
4.50
10.46
1.60
1.34
1.54
Natural Gas
0.63
0.38
0.60
19.32
22.18
65.62
18.67
18.43
22.50
0.36
0.46
8.16
2.30
9.76 e
5.38
5.93
7.76
0.47

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
3.18
0.40
0.40
0.47
Solid / Natural Gas
2.13
4.73
12.44
43.91
2.69
3.27
3.23
20.61
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
OECD/IEA Pacific*
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
411.07
467.40
639.29
846.66
851.45
852.42
879.83
2.6
2.3
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
2490.91
3152.25
4708.85
5697.45
5790.05
5951.51
6191.70
3.8
2.0
0.17
0.15
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.14
0.14
-1.1
0.3
TPES/population(2)
159.35
172.88
187.00
197.09
198.81
199.59
200.05
0.9
0.5
2.58
2.70
3.42
4.30
4.28
4.27
4.40
1.7
1.8
100
90
82
90
89
87
86
-1.1
0.3
100
103
107
122
127
125
..
0.4
..
3116
3731
5355
7027
7395
7402
..
3.2
..
563.15
727.64
1126.51
1558.67
1646.54
1651.50
1675.09
4.2
2.9
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
411.07
467.40
639.29
846.66
851.45
852.42
879.83
2.6
2.3
89.84
101.38
139.54
186.38
200.24
204.62
221.51
2.6
3.4
297.08
297.47
340.91
408.89
398.43
400.91
396.53
0.8
1.1
Gas
8.74
29.65
65.66
106.83
114.06
118.96
121.67
12.6
4.5
Comb. Renew & Waste
3.53
4.15
10.18
14.68
13.73
13.43
13.25
6.4
1.9
Nuclear
2.53
22.43
66.50
112.32
107.94
96.34
108.56
21.2
3.6
Geothermal
1.30
1.79
3.79
5.15
5.16
5.20
5.12
6.5
2.2
0.03 e
1.26
1.01 e
1.00
0.99
1.05
-1.3
Hydro
8.07
10.50
11.45
11.39
10.90
11.97
12.15
2.1
0.4
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Heat
* Geographic coverage of OECD and IEA Pacific is the same.
OECD/IEA Pacific*
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
8.0
9.7
86.1
255.2
431.0
432.0
414.2
369.7
113.2
99.1
126.8
140.4
144.0
138.1
138.4
150.9
3.0
5.3
4.6
7.3
11.5
11.9
11.7
11.7
1.3
1.5
2.1
4.0
6.3
6.3
6.2
6.2
Solar
0.0
0.0 e
0.0 e
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.7
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.6
342.5
458.1
517.3
734.1
988.0 e
1097.8
1134.0
84.5
88.5
127.6
257.0
498.4
538.3
584.2
606.2
250.4
355.8
299.2
270.5
167.7
136.9
167.0
170.5
7.3
13.5
89.8
194.0
303.9
308.5
325.8
335.7
Nuclear
Hydro
of which:
Geothermal
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
0.3
0.3
0.7
12.6
464.9
568.4
732.3
1133.8
1570.2
46.3
63.9
16.3 e
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
20.5 e
30.4 e
18.0 e
1002.0 e
18.2 e
1579.6
64.6 e
20.8
21.6
1658.2
1663.2
68.5 e
69.8
448.6
548.0
701.9
1087.5
1506.3
1515.0
1589.7
1593.5
0.3
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
3.0
5.3
7.4
13.4
17.5
17.9
16.7 e
14.4
Imports
Exports
445.7
542.7
694.4
1073.8
1487.7
1496.0
1571.9
1577.9
58.8
83.9

32.2 e
39.8 e
6.5 e
9.9 e
84.0 e
19.9 e
83.6 e
81.4
13.9
19.4
407.8
496.4
644.8
1001.1
1384.4
1392.2
1469.7
1476.8
462.0
563.2
727.6
1126.5
1558.7
1567.7
1646.5
1651.5
464.9
568.4
732.3
1133.8
1570.2
1579.6
1658.2
1663.2
1015.0
1403.8
1412.0 e
1488.3 e
1496.5
5.6 e
39.8 e
18.6 e
19.8
413.4 e
502.9 e
654.6 e

OECD/IEA Pacific*
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
562.26
727.64
1126.51
1558.67
1646.54
1651.50
1675.09
4.4
Coal
88.91
127.61
256.97
498.42
584.23
606.21
619.64
6.9
6.5
320.44
299.21
270.48
167.71
166.97
170.52
140.03
-1.1
-4.6
19.10
89.79
194.04
303.85
325.84
335.73
332.88
15.6
3.9
0.72
0.70
12.63
20.76
21.56
15.59
19.6
1.5
19.70
86.07
255.16
431.01
414.20
369.69
416.58
17.4
3.6
1.39
2.09
3.96
6.27
6.24
6.25
5.96
6.7
3.0
26.0
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
18.03 e
0.01
0.04
0.12
1.62
2.34
3.17
15.1
111.98
122.15
133.15
132.43
126.69
139.20
141.25
1.1
0.4
2.51
4.64
7.26
11.52
11.68
11.73
11.31
6.9
3.2
Total
493.72
654.82
1025.57
1412.61
1479.54
1481.15
..
4.7
..
Coal
76.83
107.27
224.15 e
443.04 e
521.08 e
542.71 e
..
6.9
..
271.31
255.73
227.88
120.10 e
110.43
113.60
..
-1.1
..
18.57
89.08
188.86
285.75 e
306.13
314.32
..
15.6
..
0.11
0.03
0.66
2.54 e
3.53
3.17
..
12.2
..
19.70
85.49
254.29
430.30
413.18
369.69
..
17.3
..
1.39
2.09
3.70
6.00
6.02
5.96
..
6.3
..
0.18
0.52
0.86
..
..
105.82
115.14
126.02
124.70
118.65
130.84
..
1.1
..
2.51
4.64
7.26
11.52
11.68
11.73
..
6.9
..
Total
68.53
72.81
100.95
146.07
167.00
170.35
..
2.5
..
Coal
12.09 e
20.34 e
32.82
55.38 e
63.15
63.49
..
6.4
..
Oil
49.12
43.49
42.60
47.61 e
56.54
56.92
..
-0.9
..
18.10 e
19.71
21.42
..
15.3
..
Hydro
0.95 e
2.9
of which:
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
Autoproducers
Gas
0.53
0.61
0.67
11.97
15.49 e
17.22
18.39
..
20.4
..
0.58
0.87
0.71
1.02
..
..
Nuclear
0.70 e
5.17 e
Geothermal
0.26
0.27
0.22
0.29
..
..
0.01
0.04
0.12
0.77 e
1.10
1.48
..
15.1
..
Hydro
6.17
7.01
7.14
7.73
8.04
8.36
..
0.9
..
..
..

OECD/IEA Pacific*
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
9713
10630
73116
141064
174436
168758
171703
80-95 95-04
14.4
Coal
..
..
535
642
41887
30233
32403
..
57.8
Oil
..
..
15971
28822
57385
62894
60927
..
16.0
10.0
Gas
..
..
28853
40025
52644
55818
57084
..
7.9
..
..
25652 e
68051 e
18845 e
16141 e
17129
..
-4.4
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
2105
3524
3675
3672
4160
..
7.9
Total
9713
10630
51184
80048
80980
81009
..
11.7
..
Coal
..
..
535
642
726
691
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
15971
28822
12892
13241
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
28853
40025
50607
54691
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
2105
3524
3675
3672
..
..
..
of which:
3720 e
7035 e
13080 e
8714 e
Autoproducers
Total
21932
61016
93456
87749
..
..
Coal
..
..
41161
29542
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
44493
49653
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
2037
1127
..
..
..
..
..
5765 e
7427 e
..
..
..
21932 e
61016 e
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
OECD/IEA Pacific*
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
464.92
568.44
564.77
732.27
1133.78
1570.19
1579.63
1658.22
1663.23
8.00
9.71
19.70
86.07
255.16
431.01
431.99
414.20
369.69
113.18
99.08
114.50
126.79
140.42
143.95
138.09
138.36
150.94
11.73
of which:
Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
..
5.29
2.51
4.64
7.26
11.52
11.90
11.68
1.26
1.51
1.39
2.09
3.96
6.27
6.27
6.24
6.25
0.00
0.01 e
0.01 e
0.01
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.30
0.61
0.95
1.70
0.64
0.69
0.66
0.63
988.01 e 1001.97 e 1097.80
1134.03

Combustible Fuels
0.01
0.04
0.12
342.49
458.15
429.17
517.30
734.12
of which:
Coal
84.55
88.45
88.91
127.61
256.97
498.42
538.29
584.23
606.21
250.40
355.84
320.44
299.21
270.48
167.71
136.93
166.97
170.52
Gas
7.28
13.51
19.10
89.79
194.04
303.85
308.53
325.84
335.73
0.26
0.34
0.72
0.70
12.63
20.76
21.56
701.88
Oil
(1)
18.03 e
18.22 e
..
..
542.53
1087.52
1506.27
1515.03
1589.71
1593.46
Nuclear
..
..
18.62
81.95 e
244.20
412.13
413.06
395.54
352.09
Hydro
..
..
113.81 e
126.04 e
139.33
142.77
137.14
136.85
149.94
11.63
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
2.49
4.59
7.19
11.42
11.79
11.57
Geothermal
..
..
1.27
1.16
3.82
6.09
6.10
6.07
5.83
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.01
0.01 e
0.01
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.30
0.60
0.91
1.66
..
..
0.01
0.03
0.65
0.62
0.59
Combustible Fuels
..
..
408.81 e
492.71 e
0.12
0.59
700.06
944.38

957.47 e 1049.71 e 1083.34
OECD/IEA Pacific*
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
101.16
117.21
157.82
209.54
215.10
229.07
237.62
2.7
112.07 e
121.03 e
128.18
134.72
5.0
6.4
Combustible Fuels
Total
3.2
Coal
26.47 e
31.68 e
60.51 e
Oil
71.78 e
67.90
54.23
32.62 e
27.46 e
31.00
31.41
-1.6
-4.1
Gas
2.87
17.45
39.99
58.84
60.34
64.68
66.47
16.8
4.0
0.03
0.19
5.21
5.02
30.2
3.8
Total
..
102.71
3.1
Coal
..
28.67
53.53 e
Oil
..
56.73
Gas
..
17.30
3.09 e
6.00 e
6.27 e

139.69
182.21
186.10
200.52
208.17
..
101.17 e
108.44 e
115.86
122.36
..
6.6
46.74
24.25 e
19.35 e
22.77
23.28
..
-5.2
39.24
56.05
57.39
60.57
61.49
..
3.5
1.32
1.03
..
14.35
..
0.01
0.18
0.74 e
0.91 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.83
24.22
69.79
116.78
117.07
112.41
100.85
18.6
2.9
Nuclear
2.53
22.43
66.50
112.32
112.58
107.94
96.34
21.2
2.9
Geothermal
1.30
1.79
3.29
4.46
4.48
4.47
4.50
5.6
2.4
0.00
0.00 e
0.00 e
0.00
0.00
23.2
8.07
10.51
11.46
11.47
10.96
11.03
12.17
2.1
0.5
8.07
10.50
11.45
11.39
10.85
10.89
11.97
2.1
0.3
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.03
0.05
0.08
0.15
0.00
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.05
13.3
Thermal
Total
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro

OECD/IEA Pacific*
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
297.85
319.01
423.69
564.80
564.63
579.12
579.66
2.1
2.4
32.46
36.11
40.71
32.35
32.56
35.16
36.42
1.3
-0.9
209.64
207.95
262.41
352.43
349.85
352.64
350.38
1.3
2.2
9.54
15.42
25.63
48.07
49.11
51.13
52.25
6.0
5.6
3.49
3.96
7.04
8.65
8.32
8.50
8.39
4.2
1.4
0.35
0.55
0.54
0.54
0.55
3.5
0.02
1.25
0.93
0.87
0.86
0.76
-3.8
42.69
55.45
86.09
119.06
119.73
126.40
127.00
4.2
3.0
0.03
0.10
0.20
2.76
3.66
3.89
3.92
12.3
25.7
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
156.14
144.17
163.22
219.41
218.23
227.52
228.92
0.3
2.6
23.93
26.70
31.65
31.30
31.42
34.11
35.39
1.7
0.9
98.55
74.80
71.72
106.27
103.64
105.69
104.93
-1.9
3.0
3.87
6.85
12.02
21.96
22.75
23.38
23.93
6.9
5.4
1.49
2.23
5.08
6.54
6.17
6.38
6.39
7.5
1.8
0.22
0.27
0.25
0.26
0.27
1.6
28.30
33.60
42.53
53.07
52.67
55.65
56.05
2.4
2.1
1.32
2.06
1.96
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
60.87
80.75
116.98
158.01
159.68
161.07
162.07
3.9
2.5
0.23
0.01
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.06
0.06
-6.7
-2.1
59.42
79.32
115.15
155.60
157.21
158.60
159.56
4.0
2.5
0.01
0.07
0.31
0.33
0.40
0.45
15.8
0.00
0.00
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.21
1.42
1.69
2.01
2.02
2.01
2.00
2.0
1.3
4.22
5.28
10.12
12.35
12.60
12.69
12.55
5.3
1.7
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
1.9
5.01
9.54
11.28
11.45
11.63 e
11.52
5.3
1.5
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
26.8
0.03
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
8.5
3.99 e
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.23
0.28
0.53
0.95
1.02
0.93
0.89
5.1
4.1
OECD/IEA Pacific*
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
22.55
0.19
17.07 e
1.50
3.76
0.03
26.04
0.37 e
17.15
1.87
0.02
6.52
0.10
53.08
0.27 e
28.69
4.08 e
0.00
0.04
0.04
19.78
0.17
78.79
0.35 e
36.29 e
8.33 e
0.06
0.13
0.02
33.01
0.61
78.66
0.41
35.73
8.44
0.06
0.13
0.03
33.26
0.59 e
81.11
0.40
36.09
7.90
0.02
0.13
0.02
35.89
0.67
79.03
0.38
33.81
7.76
0.02
0.13
0.02
36.24
0.66
5.2
2.1
3.1
6.1
10.3
11.2
3.1
2.7
1.3
5.1
26.6
8.5
-5.0
4.8
11.1
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
33.20
8.08 e
9.82 e
4.11
2.00
9.19
-
42.16
9.04 e
11.09
6.68
1.70 e
0.02
13.62
-
59.16
8.69 e
16.20
9.46 e
1.96 e
0.05
1.21
21.56
0.03
73.74
0.59 e
21.55
17.45 e
2.06
0.06
0.91
30.02
1.10
73.76
0.60 e
21.02
17.56
2.09
0.06
0.84
30.75
0.83 e
77.65
0.57
21.57
19.43
2.10
0.06
0.84
31.92
1.16
77.06
0.58
20.53
20.09
1.97
0.05
0.73
31.82
1.29
3.5
0.4
3.0
5.0
-0.1
5.1
-
2.1
-18.8
1.8
6.0
0.0
0.0
-3.8
3.0
33.3
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
9.66
0.03
9.56
0.06
-
9.78
9.76
0.02
-
5.37
0.02
5.35
-
5.85
4.79
-
5.42
4.50
-
4.38
4.38
0.00
-
4.48
4.48
-
-3.4
-2.0
-3.4
-
-1.4
-1.4
-
1.05
0.91 e
Heat

OECD/IEA Pacific*
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
297.85
319.01
342.66
423.69
509.23
564.80
564.63
579.12
579.66
Total Industry
156.14
144.17
144.55
163.22
191.84
219.41
218.23
227.52
228.92
Iron and Steel
37.80
32.75
26.71
22.12
21.95
23.61
22.99
28.25
28.72
45.24
36.46
37.20
54.90
74.11
88.05
87.12
91.81
91.61
4.65
7.65
8.02
7.58
8.23
9.76
9.75
8.98
8.97
12.01
13.62
14.85
12.97
15.66
16.00
15.82
16.14
16.59
Transport Equipment
0.89
1.45
2.03
0.29
0.90
1.82
1.74
2.19
2.13
Machinery
0.82
1.65
6.17
9.99
10.96
8.83
8.95
8.19
8.39
0.54
1.55
1.38
2.13
2.59
3.10
3.18
3.73
3.54
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals
Food and Tobacco
3.91
6.71
8.16
6.92
7.83
9.08
9.13
9.09
9.10
5.85
5.58
9.21
11.19
12.34
12.99
12.40
11.96
11.96
0.14
0.88
0.89
0.92
0.93
1.24
1.22
1.40
1.42
Construction
3.37
4.50
5.26
6.76
7.09
5.46
5.43
4.99
5.03
Textile and Leather
5.60
4.59
5.68
2.70
2.98
3.67
3.99
3.90
3.80
Non Specified/Other
35.34
26.78
18.99
24.76
26.26
35.80
36.51
36.88
37.69
130.49
164.02
186.27
244.71
301.40
328.74
330.11
336.92
335.20
4.22
5.28
10.47
10.12
12.70
12.35
12.60
12.69
12.55
22.55
26.04
33.35
53.08
71.29
78.79
78.66
81.11
79.03
Residential
33.20
42.16
54.56
59.16
64.58
73.74
73.76
77.65
77.06
Transport
60.87
162.07
Agriculture
80.75
87.09
116.98
146.11
158.01
159.68
161.07

Non-Energy Use(1)
9.66
9.78
0.80
5.37
6.72
5.85
5.42
4.38
4.48
11.21
10.82
11.84
15.76
15.99
16.64
16.29
14.68
15.54
42.69
55.45
65.71
86.09
103.01
119.06
119.73
126.40
127.00
Total Industry
28.30
33.60
33.87
42.53
47.65
53.07
52.67
55.65
56.05
Iron and Steel
6.45
7.37
7.53
6.65
7.18
7.98
7.91
9.36
9.39
4.58
4.46
5.00
6.51
7.62
6.84
6.67
6.93
7.60
Non-ferrous Metals
2.48
3.10
3.09
2.84
2.94
3.98
4.30
4.53
4.61
1.31
1.90
2.24
2.47
2.96
2.77
2.76
2.82
2.80
Transport Equipment
0.87
1.28
1.89
0.12
0.23
0.27
0.21
0.73
0.80
Machinery
0.82
1.42
2.81
4.88
5.88
5.74
5.99
5.29
5.59
0.20
0.47
0.56
0.78
0.85
1.00
1.06 e
1.44
1.16
Food and Tobacco
0.53
1.07
1.98
1.62
1.99
2.37
2.41
2.57
2.60
1.83
2.34
2.63
2.95
3.41
4.19
4.05 e
4.05 e
4.01
0.13
0.28
0.31
0.38
0.34
0.36
0.38 e
0.39 e
0.41
Construction
0.01
0.01
0.09
0.13
0.14
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.10
Textile and Leather
0.76
1.08
1.62
1.00
1.24
1.53
1.55
1.48
1.44
Non Specified/Other
8.34
8.82
4.12
12.20
12.85
15.92
15.27
15.94
15.56
70.95
14.39
21.85
31.84
43.56
55.37
65.99
67.05
70.75
Agriculture
0.23
0.28
0.48
0.53
0.74
0.95
1.02
0.93
0.89
3.76
6.52
12.70
19.78
25.95
33.01
33.26
35.89
36.24
Residential
9.19
13.62
17.10
21.56
26.74
30.02
30.75
31.92
31.82
Transport
1.21
1.42
1.57
1.69
1.93
2.01
2.02
2.01
2.00

0.01 e
OECD/IEA Pacific*
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
502.91
654.62
1014.98
1403.85
1412.03
1488.30
1496.51
4.2
3.0
Industry
2.1
329.04
390.70
494.55
617.10
612.48
647.08
651.74
2.4
Transport
14.06
16.55
19.69
23.38
23.50
23.34
23.27
2.0
1.3
Agriculture
2.64
3.23
6.16
11.10
11.84
10.85
10.39
5.1
4.1
4.8
43.77
75.87
229.96
383.79
386.78
417.35
421.37
10.3
106.85
158.41
250.69
349.05
357.56
371.12
369.98
5.1
3.0
6.55
9.87
13.93
19.43
18.56
19.75
4.5
2.7
43.25
56.30
87.29
120.73
127.99
128.70
4.2
3.0
Residential
Energy(1)
19.87 e
121.43 e

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
329.04
390.70
494.55
617.10
612.48
647.08
651.74
2.4
2.1
Iron and Steel
75.05
85.68
77.29
92.82
91.95
108.88
109.15
0.2
2.7
53.30
51.86
75.73
79.59
77.58
80.64
88.39
2.1
1.2
Non-Ferrous Metals
28.78
36.02
33.06
46.29
50.06
52.69
53.57
0.8
3.8
15.23
22.11
28.74
32.26
32.08
32.82
32.55
3.8
1.0
Transport Equipment
10.06
14.83
1.38
3.15
2.48
8.49
9.33
-11.0
15.8
Machinery
9.48
16.53
56.72
66.69
69.64
61.50
64.96
11.1
1.0
2.37
5.49
9.08
11.66
12.29 e
16.69
13.44
8.2
3.1
Food and Tobacco
6.15
12.43
18.85
27.56
28.04
29.92
30.19
6.8
3.7
21.26
27.21
34.30
48.69
47.08 e
47.11 e
46.64
2.9
2.4
1.50
3.30
4.37
4.17
4.37 e
4.48 e
4.72
6.5
0.6

Construction
0.06
0.10
1.50
1.31
1.34
1.28
1.22
20.6
-1.6
8.81
12.55
11.62
17.76
18.02
17.21
16.69
1.6
2.8
Non Specified/Other
96.98
102.59
141.89
185.15
177.57
185.37
180.91
2.3
1.9

28.30
33.60
42.53
53.07
52.67
55.65
56.05
2.4
2.1

OECD/IEA Pacific*
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
116.33
159.32
194.38
217.61
281.91
327.71
332.87
340.26
341.94
61.46

Total Capacity (1)
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
3.89
15.51
24.52
31.48
49.81
58.80
59.46
61.46
31.28
38.72
44.76
49.26
58.86
62.04
62.93
63.27
63.48
11.50
14.36
17.95
24.83
27.40
28.53
28.50
28.50
0.18
0.27
0.33
0.50
0.73
0.91
0.90
0.92
0.92
Solar
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.07
0.11
0.15
0.23

Combustible Fuels
80.97
104.81
124.78
136.38
172.49
205.86
209.43
214.43
215.82
59.95
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
17.33
19.34
21.68
29.91
46.33
65.22 e
72.40 e
44.02
Liquid Fuels
59.01
61.60
51.81
52.23
56.93
57.43 e
52.10 e
42.83
47.44
Natural Gas
3.38
20.69
14.85
18.74
30.04
47.36 e
47.85
65.33
67.23
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.21
0.12
0.12
0.15
0.56
16.73
32.81
35.33
27.65
28.50
24.40
24.40
1.89
0.98
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.07
1.06
2.64
17.84
0.82
2.21
6.55 e
6.73 e
2.53
15.61
0.88
0.64
0.64 e
0.64 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

(1) Capacity data are not available for Korea before 1994.
(2) Breakdown of electrical capacity by type of fuel is not available for Korea in 2002.
OECD/IEA Pacific*
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
11.74
14.34
15.07
19.79
25.70
40.91
43.95
45.09
47.13
Nuclear
0.01
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
Hydro
1.07
1.11
1.14
1.51 e
1.51 e
1.82 e
1.80 e
1.72 e
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity (1)
1.71 e
Geothermal
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.04 e
0.05
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.09
0.19
0.29
0.52

Combustible Fuels
0.10
10.66
13.02
13.73
18.08
23.98
38.68
0.10
0.07
0.08
41.65 e
42.79
44.76
0.72
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
3.20
3.92
4.14
..
0.02
0.51 e
1.02 e
0.33
Liquid Fuels
7.46
9.11
9.59
..
0.04
4.40 e
4.28 e
3.76
5.25
Natural Gas
..
0.46
1.56 e
2.54 e
2.56
2.06
..
0.51
1.51 e
1.50 e
1.30
0.89
0.31
..
..
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
..
..
0.32 e
0.36 e
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.58 e
0.65 e
0.57
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

(1) Capacity data are not available for Korea before 1994.
(2) Breakdown of electrical capacity by type of fuel is not available for Korea in 2002.
OECD Europe
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
1402.06
1507.35
1623.03
1772.75
1804.93
1840.93
1867.86
0.9
1.0
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
4781.72
5606.36
7096.46
8809.14
9056.10
9151.00
9377.30
2.3
2.0
0.29
0.27
0.23
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
-1.5
-1.0
TPES/population(2)
455.15
473.48
497.38
522.04
527.01
529.44
531.24
0.5
0.5
3.08
3.18
3.26
3.40
3.42
3.48
3.52
0.3
0.5
100
92
78
69
68
69
68
-1.5
-1.0
100
109
111
109
109
111
..
0.6
..
2950
3610
4452
5175
5275
5386
..
2.5
..
1618.19
2048.91
2630.50
3194.78
3270.23
3351.44
3409.25
2.9
1.9
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
1402.06
1507.35
1623.03
1772.75
1804.93
1840.93
1867.86
0.9
1.0
Coal
425.36
459.74
436.58
326.67
320.93
331.95
332.03
0.2
-1.9
Oil
759.00
704.49
627.12
685.37
693.92
690.83
700.40
-1.1
0.8
Gas
134.81
207.22
257.98
390.75
407.84
429.41
439.81
3.9
3.9
Comb. Renew & Waste
30.99
35.68
52.22
69.04
72.70
77.87
79.40
3.1
3.0
Nuclear
19.38
60.05
203.96
243.61
253.40
255.60
257.34
14.8
1.7
TPES (Mtoe)
90-04
2.53
3.01
4.72
7.23
7.50
8.13
8.34
3.7
4.1
0.05
0.05
0.29
2.84 e
4.20 e
5.02 e
6.27
11.2
24.5
29.44
35.75
38.15
46.53 e
42.63
40.13
42.52
1.5
0.8
0.49
1.35
1.99
0.34
1.43
1.68
1.44
8.5
-2.3
0.00
Heat
0.36
0.38
0.32
0.32
54.2
Geothermal
Hydro

OECD Europe
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
50.9
74.4
230.4
782.2
934.6
964.0
972.0
980.5
331.2
350.1
426.7
463.3
571.2
569.1
529.4
503.1
7.6
7.8
11.0
19.6
30.3
33.7
36.5
2.7
2.5
2.7
3.6
6.2
6.2
6.3
6.9
0.0
0.1 e
0.2 e
0.3 e
0.5 e
of which:
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
30.1 e
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
Wind
0.0
0.8
22.3
26.9
36.5
44.5
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1024.9
1198.4
1399.6
1399.7
1688.7
1715.2
1757.7
624.2
662.5
886.7
1013.2
946.3
955.0
947.8
318.0
409.0
363.7
204.8
180.9
173.8
188.1
164.9
76.8
120.4
137.9
166.2
512.4
532.7
561.6
610.8
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
1850.7 e
1009.3
5.9
6.5
11.3
15.6
49.1
53.6
60.3
1410.1
1626.0
2059.9
2650.1
3224.9
3283.2
3303.9
3388.0
79.1
89.8
113.2
149.8
158.9
159.6
161.1
160.7
1331.0
1536.2
1946.7
2500.4
3066.0
3123.7
3142.8
3227.3
0.4
3.0 e
3.0
65.6 e
2.2 e
2.2 e
0.5
2.7
2.5
12.3
13.6
17.8
29.6
43.0 e
41.4
48.4
47.5
Imports
57.9
68.3
106.5
214.5
277.7
286.2 e
306.9 e
316.9 e
Exports
50.5
62.6
90.9
191.3
273.8
271.4 e
290.3 e
1326.1
1528.4
1944.5
2493.1
3021.3
102.5
115.8
145.1
176.2
3091.6
224.8 e
3106.9
226.6 e
0.9 e
297.4 e
3196.2
236.9 e
62.9
70.4
90.6
103.5
97.9
101.5
108.9
1160.7
1342.2
1708.7
2213.4
2700.4
2768.4
2778.8
2850.4
1402.5
1618.2
2048.9
2630.5
3194.8 e
3252.9
3270.2
3351.4
1417.5
1631.7
2075.5
2673.3
3228.9
3298.0 e
3320.6 e
3407.5 e
1223.6
1412.6
1799.4
2316.9
2796.5 e
2866.4 e
2880.3 e
2959.3 e
96.1 e
225.2 e
2.0 e

OECD Europe
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
1659.22
2048.91
2630.50
3194.78
3270.23
3351.44
3409.25
2.9
1.9
Coal
650.15
886.73
1013.20
946.33
947.79
1009.29
989.52
2.8
-0.2
Oil
395.19
363.70
204.77
180.92
188.08
164.95
142.57
-4.0
-2.6
Gas
151.47
137.89
166.18
512.37
561.59
610.81
651.72
0.6
10.3
12.0

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
6.94
11.27
15.57
49.10
60.27
76.15
5.2
86.44
230.39
782.18
934.63
972.03
980.47
987.10
14.8
1.7
2.51
2.72
3.61
6.18
6.30
6.93
7.09
2.3
4.9
31.2
38.50 e
65.62 e
0.60
0.51
1.36
24.19 e
60.68
5.3
365.94
415.71
443.64
541.07 e
495.68
466.59
46.79 e
494.43
1.2
0.8
8.17
10.99
19.62
30.12 e
33.72
36.53
34.67
5.6
4.1
1405.27
3025.69
3078.29
of which:
Total
1799.00
2397.48
..
3.4
..
Coal
524.87 e
773.72
914.34
894.97 e
903.96 e
961.45 e
..
3.5
..
Oil
334.36 e
307.63
169.67
144.20 e
151.27 e
120.33 e
..
-4.2
..
Gas
124.86
110.39
121.87
416.97 e
456.09 e
489.71 e
..
-0.2
..

Nuclear
2.29
4.10 e
4.38
2947.92
15.93 e
..
4.1
..
980.47
..
15.1
..
6.30
6.93
..
2.3
..
36.66 e
44.57 e
..
5.1
..
448.62
..
1.2
..
33.66
36.45
..
5.6
..
244.54
273.15
..
-0.5
..
..
-1.5
..
776.64
2.51
2.72
3.61
6.18
0.60
0.51
1.33
22.78 e
333.57
374.19
405.65
512.26 e
476.70
8.17
10.99
19.59
30.02 e
Total
253.96
249.91
233.02
Coal
125.28
113.00
98.86 e
51.36 e
43.83 e
47.84 e
Hydro
972.03
26.22 e
225.74
Geothermal
934.63
22.68 e
82.20
Autoproducers
246.86
Oil
60.82 e
56.07
35.10 e
36.71 e
36.80 e
44.62 e
..
-3.4
..
Gas
26.60
27.50
44.31 e
95.40 e
105.50 e
121.10 e
..
3.2
..
33.17
37.59 e
39.39 e
4.65
7.17
11.19 e
Nuclear
4.23
4.65
5.54
..
5.6
..
..
1.7
..
0.01
0.03
1.41
..
..
1.84
2.22
..
32.37
41.52
37.99
28.81
18.98
..
17.97
..
1.0
..

0.04
0.10
0.06
0.08
..
..
Geothermal
Hydro
OECD Europe
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
1618485
1727492
1665394
1655807
1717536
1844571
1839108
80-95 95-04
0.2
1.1
Coal
..
..
893117
734730
693249
737880
721789
..
-2.3
-6.1
Oil
..
..
147915
103621
92818
93675
84055
..
Gas
..
..
394511
526145
616404
669416
679010
..
6.2
..
..
178650 e
241306
262514 e
298484
310078
..
6.3
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
1721
1516
3372
3557
3954
..
9.7
3.1
Geothermal
..
..
7823
8023
10781
10330
10291
..
Solar
..
..
2629
3646
3234
3191
3316
..
2.6
Heat Pumps
..
..
25400
27333
28247
24818
23753
..
-0.7
Electric Boilers
..
..
13628
9487
6917
3220
2862
..
-15.9
Total
1088390
1261747
1481745
1389168
1450164
1570852
Coal
..
..
802654 e
Oil
..
..
133534 e
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
1721
1516
Geothermal
..
..
7823
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
Total
Coal
of which:
..
2.1
..
656075 e
..
..
..
72377 e
76901 e
..
..
..
371721 e
444848 e 531591 e
583545 e
..
..
..
125402 e
161780 e 180116 e
212618
..
..
..
..
..
..
3372
3557
..
..
..
8023
10712
10271
..
..
..
24
37
51
..
..
..
25265
27255
28129
24615
..
..
..
..
13619
9464
6915
3219
..
..
..
530095
465745
183649
266639
267372
273719
..
-6.8
..
..
..
90463
69229
76334
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
14381
32864
20441
16774 e
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
22790
81297
84813
85871
..
..
..
..
..
53248
79526
82398
85866 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
665501 e 616915 e
70757 e
Autoproducers
81805 e
Geothermal
..
..
69
59
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
2623
3622
3197
3140
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
135
78
118 e
203 e
..
..
..
23
2 e
1 e
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
9
OECD Europe
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1410.15
1626.00
1667.39
2059.90
2650.13
3224.89
3283.22
3303.95
3387.97
50.87
74.37
86.44
230.39
782.18
934.63
963.96
972.03
980.47
331.18
350.14
374.10
426.70
463.27
571.19
569.14
529.40
503.12
36.53
of which:
Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
..
7.81
8.17
10.99
19.62
30.29
33.72
2.68
2.51
2.51
2.72
3.61
30.12 e
6.18
6.15
6.30
6.93
0.01
0.13 e
0.20 e
0.29 e
0.47 e
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.50
0.57
0.57
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.01
0.78
22.32
26.86
36.46
44.51
1.17
1.17
1.21
1024.91
1198.44
1203.75
1399.58
1399.72
1688.71
1715.20
1757.72
1.27
1850.67 e
of which:
Coal
624.25
662.54
650.15
886.73
1013.20
946.33
955.04
947.79
1009.29
Oil
317.98
409.01
395.19
363.70
204.77
180.92
173.84
188.08
164.95
76.82
120.37
151.47
137.89
166.18
512.37
532.73
561.59
610.81
5.87
6.52
6.94
11.27
15.57
49.10
53.59
60.27
Gas
(1)
65.62 e
..
..
1578.29
1946.71
2500.38
3065.99
3123.65
3142.81
3227.30
Nuclear
..
..
78.84
211.17
715.33
870.52
914.47
922.90
931.48
Hydro
..
..
367.47
417.35
453.50
560.40 e
562.97
524.42
498.10
29.38 e
36.20
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
8.06
10.72
18.67
30.00
33.40
Geothermal
..
..
2.36
2.62
3.42
5.82
5.82
5.94
6.54
Solar
..
..
0.01 e
0.13 e
0.20 e
0.29 e
0.47 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.59
0.49
0.56
0.57
0.54
0.53
0.53
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.78
22.29
26.79
36.37
44.44
..
..
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.22
Combustible Fuels
..
..
1247.01 e 1577.82 e 1611.74
1651.23
1744.52
1077.72 e 1248.47

for Czech Republic before 1992 and for Slovak Republic before 2001.
OECD Europe
(Mtoe)
1973
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
322.48
382.19
369.49
391.55
399.34
407.90
427.52
0.8
1.1
198.38 e
256.95 e
272.71 e
229.84 e
235.45 e
235.40
244.53
1.9
-0.8
Oil
92.91
86.29 e
48.09 e
41.37 e
39.54 e
39.31
35.95
-3.8
-2.2
Gas
28.53
33.88
40.03 e
101.97 e
104.34 e
111.76
122.78
2.0
9.0
8.66 e
18.37 e
20.02 e
21.43
24.27
7.2
8.3
Combustible Fuels
Total
Coal
2.66 e
5.08 e

Total
..
316.46
310.74
343.19
352.42
360.95
373.21
..
1.4
Coal
..
214.35 e
236.37 e
216.13 e
223.13 e
223.35
231.38
..
-0.2
Oil
..
72.83 e
39.84 e
34.42 e
33.27 e
33.56
28.38
..
-2.6
Gas
..
27.55
31.24
84.44 e
86.85 e
93.70
100.99
..
9.4
8.20 e
9.18 e
10.34
12.47
..
10.78
..
1.73 e
3.29 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
21.55
62.49
207.23
248.90
256.60
258.85
261.59
14.2
1.8
19.38
60.05
203.96
243.61
251.30
253.40
255.60
14.8
1.8
2.17
2.43
3.26
5.29 e
5.29 e
5.43 e
5.94
2.4
4.7
0.00
0.01 e
0.02 e
0.03 e
0.04 e
32.0
29.49
35.79
38.27
48.60
48.80
45.91
44.11
1.5
1.1
29.44
35.75
38.15
46.53 e
46.34
42.63
40.13
1.5
0.4
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.1
-0.4
0.00
0.07
1.92
2.31
3.14
3.83
36.5
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.11
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
OECD Europe
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
1045.86
1101.33
1147.68
1260.67
1281.23
1270.96
1308.50
0.5
1.0
172.89
150.10
125.66
61.71
56.84
54.08
54.50
-1.9
-6.2
600.65
570.79
547.02
612.27
619.33
616.24
626.34
-0.5
1.0
107.70
167.96
203.84
266.88
275.97
271.47
287.36
3.8
2.7
28.25
30.49
43.39
50.29
51.12
51.18
53.42
2.6
1.6
0.35
0.51
1.38
1.82
1.94
1.97
2.05
8.3
3.1
0.01
0.17
0.67
0.74
0.81
0.92
13.6
115.43
146.95
190.35
232.23
238.09
238.98
245.13
3.0
2.0
20.59
34.52
35.84
34.79
37.20
36.23
38.78
3.3
0.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
419.23
413.66
387.13
395.93
390.15
388.52
396.94
-0.5
0.2
89.14
78.71
74.00
47.28
42.71
40.76
41.60
-1.1
-4.3
191.63
159.69
108.49
112.00
111.82
111.17
113.29
-3.3
0.3
59.34
81.24
91.86
111.68
110.18
110.44
113.44
2.6
1.6
4.92
5.87
14.19
17.26
16.96
17.19
16.85
6.4
1.3
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.06
2.5
2.8
0.01
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.12
23.2
63.41
73.69
86.47
99.50
100.17
100.37
101.85
1.8
1.3
10.77
14.43
12.07
8.06
8.13
8.41
9.73
0.7
-1.6
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
192.07
227.69
294.44
362.50
363.46
367.35
373.01
2.5
1.8
6.85
2.54
0.21
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.01
-18.6
-23.6
181.66
220.66
288.60
354.81
354.98
358.66
363.26
2.8
1.8
0.16
0.36
0.30
0.72
1.35
1.28
1.36
4.0
12.2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.58
0.66
0.91
1.81
-1.9
70.2
3.40
4.13
5.32
6.38
6.44
6.47
6.57
2.7
1.6
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
21.05
26.65
31.02
32.84
32.79
32.23
32.10
2.3
0.3
1.06
1.15
0.96 e
0.96 e
0.2
-4.2
1.61 e
1.70 e
1.66 e
16.86 e
20.75
20.21
21.49 e
20.96 e
20.85 e
20.87 e
1.1
0.2
0.13
0.47
4.08
4.48
4.67
4.53 e
4.12 e
22.7
0.1
0.08
0.14
0.46 e
1.02 e
1.12 e
1.11 e
1.14 e
10.9
7.2
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.07
5.4
2.8
36.0
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
1.98
3.08
4.02
4.40 e
4.49 e
4.40 e
4.62 e
4.2
1.1
0.37
0.49
0.53
0.30 e
0.31
0.29
0.30
2.1
-4.4
OECD Europe
(Mtoe)
1980
1990
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
96.42
13.44 e
58.41 e
5.52
0.81
0.01
17.42
0.82
1973
104.30
14.32 e
51.28 e
10.61
1.05
0.02
24.90
2.12
110.22
11.76 e
28.07 e
26.83
0.30 e
0.02
0.01
39.64
3.58
115.39
1.38
21.40
29.22
1.16
0.06
0.03
56.10
6.04
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
243.76
55.31 e
102.85 e
30.31
18.42
0.29
28.83
7.75
258.04
47.60 e
82.93 e
52.92
19.91 e
0.45
0.01
40.62
13.60
280.00
35.55 e
67.01 e
75.39
27.87
0.92
0.13 e
54.69
18.44
306.43
11.03
65.03
114.12
30.18
1.33
0.47
65.45
18.83
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
36.06
3.45 e
15.09
12.25 e
4.01
0.39
38.65
3.12 e
5.25
22.36 e
3.51
0.53
10.73
1.16
1.81 e
5.38
0.57 e
0.35
0.02 e
0.22
10.03
0.32
0.63 e
6.66
0.10 e
0.29
0.06 e
0.41
10.35
0.05
0.86 e
6.77
0.13 e
0.30
0.07
0.66
0.88 e
3.88 e
1.22 e
1.56 e
1.52 e
Heat
2000
2001
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
2002
2003
124.48
1.19
24.48 e
32.41
1.25 e
0.06
0.04
58.65 e
6.41
122.49
1.47
22.87
31.61
1.32
0.07
0.04
59.14
5.98
129.20
1.60
24.21
34.63
1.50
0.08
0.05
61.23
5.90
322.86
11.08
69.73
120.59
31.00
1.44
0.51
67.68
20.83
312.82
10.21
64.63
117.49
30.53
1.47
0.57
67.96
19.97
e
e
e
e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
0.8
-0.8
-4.2
9.7
-5.7
3.5
5.0
9.1
1.2
-14.2
-1.1
2.0
13.2
9.7
10.4
3.4
3.9
0.8
-2.6
-2.5
5.5
2.5
7.0
3.8
5.2
1.2
-9.5
-0.2
4.1
1.1
4.1
14.1
1.9
1.1
9.82
0.06
0.92 e
6.11 e
0.13 e
0.30
0.08
0.64
11.14
0.05
1.16
7.03
0.17 e
0.29
0.02
0.72
-6.9
-6.2
-11.7
-4.7
-10.8
-3.3
0.3
-21.2
-3.3
2.1
-8.9
-1.3
-0.4
9.7
1.59 e
1.68 e
2.0
2.5
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
327.24
9.66
65.27
126.78
31.96
1.54
0.71
70.13
21.18
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e

OECD Europe
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1045.86
1101.33
1103.34
1147.68
1184.77
1260.67
1281.23
1270.96
1308.50
Total Industry
419.23
413.66
388.14
387.13
369.33
395.93
390.15
388.52
396.94
Iron and Steel
74.83
63.65
58.94
52.67
46.60
46.50
45.83
43.14
43.85
109.96
116.66
118.27
122.04
121.75
128.61
127.42
127.05
128.75
TFC

Non-ferrous Metals
12.77
15.10
14.04
13.62
12.56
14.26
14.59
14.61
14.80
45.99
45.96
39.94
40.72
40.05
41.71
42.02
40.60
42.74
Transport Equipment
8.40
8.58
8.87
8.08
7.97
8.85
9.11
8.83
9.23
22.52
23.94
23.26
22.79
19.83
19.85
20.19
19.97
20.62
8.15
7.85
7.74
6.42
3.87
3.43
3.42
3.46
3.27
Food and Tobacco
26.32
28.96
27.66
27.73
28.76
30.73
31.37
32.23
32.74
24.15
23.73
24.12
27.99
31.49
36.92
36.67
36.97
37.56
5.05
5.32
5.28
5.05
5.27
5.95
5.69
5.74
5.84
Construction
7.07
6.94
7.01
6.17
7.25
7.78
7.96
7.83
7.90
Textile and Leather
15.01
14.01
12.82
12.20
10.66
10.70
10.39
10.41
10.76
Non Specified/Other
59.02
52.97
40.17
41.64
33.26
40.62
35.50
37.70
38.88
872.68
Machinery
589.36
655.32
684.04
726.40
778.99
827.19
853.94
844.72
Agriculture
21.05
26.65
29.19
31.02
33.90
32.84
32.79
32.23
32.10
96.42
104.30
100.91
110.22
116.67
115.39
124.48
122.49
129.20
Residential
243.76
258.04
296.82
280.00
295.18
306.43
322.86
312.82
327.24
Transport
192.07
227.69
239.93
294.44
322.47
362.50
363.46
367.35
373.01

Non-Energy Use(1)
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
36.06
38.65
17.18
10.73
10.77
10.03
10.35
9.82
11.14
37.27
32.34
31.16
34.14
36.45
37.56
37.14
37.72
38.88
115.43
146.95
166.84
190.35
204.49
232.23
238.09
238.98
245.13
63.41
73.69
77.94
86.47
87.18
99.50
100.17
100.37
101.85
9.65
10.76
10.65
10.18
11.22
12.22 e
12.04 e
11.63 e
12.00 e
15.40
16.77
17.00
17.45
16.33
17.74 e
17.43 e
17.41 e
17.50 e
Non-ferrous Metals
6.27
8.19
7.79
8.15
7.26
8.47 e
8.87 e
8.83 e
9.14 e
3.98
4.78
4.63
5.62
6.40
7.10 e
7.22 e
7.17 e
7.42 e
Transport Equipment
2.27
2.80
3.11
3.04
3.43
3.97
3.97 e
3.96 e
4.00
Machinery
5.11
6.09
6.52
8.26
8.05
8.95 e
8.93 e
9.03 e
9.16 e
1.67
1.92
1.99
1.92
1.34
1.28 e
1.31 e
1.31 e
1.27
Food and Tobacco
3.25
4.41
5.39
6.71
7.72
8.89 e
9.05 e
9.22 e
9.41 e
5.69
6.41
7.40
9.21
10.42
12.14 e
12.22 e
12.35 e
12.54 e
1.03
1.38
1.30
1.75
1.96
1.96
2.01 e
2.03 e
2.02
Construction
0.58
0.86
0.90
0.93
1.14
1.15 e
1.21 e
1.25 e
1.32 e
Textile and Leather
3.46
3.55
3.69
3.83
3.75
4.12 e
4.10 e
4.17 e
4.29 e
Non Specified/Other
5.06
5.78
7.59
9.41
8.16
11.52 e
11.82 e
12.00 e
11.80 e
52.02
73.26
88.91
103.89
117.31
1.98
3.08
3.69
4.02
4.07
4.40 e
4.49 e
4.40 e
4.62 e
17.42
24.90
30.91
39.64
46.47
56.10 e
58.65 e
59.14 e
61.23 e
Residential
28.83
40.62
49.15
54.69
59.63
65.45 e
67.68 e
67.96 e
70.13
3.40
4.13
4.60
5.32
6.00
6.38
6.44
6.47
6.57

0.39
0.53
0.56
0.22
1.13
0.41
0.66
0.64
0.72
Agriculture
Transport
132.74
137.92
138.61
143.28
OECD Europe
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1412.57
1799.38
2316.90
2796.49
2866.38
2880.31
2959.34
3.0
1.9
1.3
737.32
856.91
1005.45
1156.93
1164.74
1167.08
1184.30
1.8
Transport
39.54
47.97
61.87
74.18
74.91
75.23
76.44
2.7
1.6
Agriculture
23.07
35.83
46.74
51.20 e
52.21 e
51.15 e
53.74 e
4.2
1.1
202.52
289.57
460.93
652.33 e
681.95 e
687.68 e
712.01 e
5.0
3.4
Residential
Energy(1)
335.21
472.35
635.89
761.03 e
786.96 e
790.25 e
815.49
3.8
1.9
70.40
90.64
103.48
96.08
97.93 e
101.49 e
108.95 e
2.3
0.4
4.51
6.12
2.53
4.73
7.68
7.43
8.41
-3.3
9.7
240.50 e
246.51 e
247.71 e
254.50 e
3.0
1.9

121.48
154.75
199.25

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
737.32
856.91
1005.45
1156.93
1164.74
1167.08
1184.30
1.8
1.3
Iron and Steel
112.20
125.17
118.37
142.11 e
139.94 e
135.25 e
139.50 e
0.3
1.3
179.09
195.00
202.91
206.22 e
202.63 e
202.47 e
203.46 e
0.7
0.0
72.94
95.25
94.75
98.47 e
103.15 e
102.66 e
106.31 e
1.6
0.9
Non-Ferrous Metals
46.23
55.54
65.39
82.54 e
83.94 e
83.42 e
86.24 e
2.1
2.2
Transport Equipment
26.39
32.51
35.32
46.17
46.12 e
46.08 e
46.53
1.7
2.1
Machinery
59.36
70.78
96.07
104.02 e
103.86 e
104.96 e
106.46 e
2.9
0.8
19.38
22.30
22.37
14.83 e
15.25 e
15.19 e
14.73
0.8
-3.2
Food and Tobacco
37.83
51.22
78.02
103.36 e
105.28 e
107.21 e
109.37 e
4.3
2.6
66.19
74.49
107.14
141.20 e
142.04 e
143.60 e
145.80 e
2.9
2.4
11.98
16.10
20.40
22.81
23.32 e
23.59 e
23.50
3.2
1.1
Construction
6.70
10.00
10.81
13.35 e
14.09 e
14.54 e
15.30 e
2.8
2.7
40.24
41.30
44.52
47.93 e
47.70 e
48.54 e
49.91 e
0.6
0.9
Non Specified/Other
58.79
67.25
109.39
133.92 e
137.41 e
139.57 e
137.19 e
3.7
1.8
100.17
100.37
101.85
1.8
1.3

63.41
73.69
86.47
99.50
OECD Europe
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
68.33
106.55
148.00
214.48
203.39
277.72
286.23
306.88
316.92
107.03
167.82
192.60
260.55
261.56
281.09
287.89
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
8.13
7.04
8.60
12.52
11.53 e
11.90 e
10.33 e
Belgium
3.53
4.49
3.55
4.50
4.81
10.31 e
12.36 e
Canada
Czech Republic
2.98
6.12
18.63
18.76 e
21.52 e
26.25 e
11.10 e
15.65 e
Denmark
2.61
4.94
5.65
8.18
8.88 e
Finland
0.88
0.36
0.28
1.00
2.83
3.02
8.47
France
27.77
55.50
77.74
77.72
75.18 e
80.76 e
71.66
Germany
14.66
22.16
27.17
39.91
42.12
38.37
47.39 e
Greece
0.01
0.50
1.13
Hungary
0.21
0.62
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Ireland
0.03
Italy
0.34
0.25
0.36
0.47
0.61
0.72 e
0.54 e
Luxembourg
0.42
0.97
0.78
0.74
1.15 e
2.92 e
2.79 e
Mexico
Netherlands
0.89
3.50
3.90
4.03
5.19 e
4.32 e
Norway
4.44
16.41
8.57
20.49
7.16
Poland
3.28
4.93
7.15
9.66
11.19 e
Portugal
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
Slovak Republic
1.52
0.78
2.48
8.83
Spain
4.89
3.61
3.03
5.29
4.98
5.56 e
6.59 e
Sweden
6.95
14.61
8.63
12.96
17.35 e
14.36 e
11.02 e
Switzerland
25.44
23.35
26.17
29.79
33.95 e
32.58 e
32.59 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.05
0.05
1.23
1.70
United States
Total Non-OECD
40.97
46.66
10.79
17.17
24.67
25.79
29.03
Albania
0.08
0.17
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.05
Bulgaria
1.48
0.32
0.65
4.36
6.18
6.76
4.40
Romania
0.28
Former USSR
16.19
16.87
7.30
11.83
12.70
18.33
8.34 e
15.00
3.92 e
5.60
11.50 e
15.09
3.47
3.43
3.10
9.52
10.26
2.12 e
9.05
3.77 e
Belarus
0.16
0.64
0.80
1.23
Georgia
0.87
0.18
0.20
0.52
0.09
Russian Federation
4.27
4.53
4.84 e
4.76
7.89
8.16
11.51
Turkmenistan
0.02
Ukraine
11.06
12.16
3.50
2.18
2.78
3.65
5.57
1.72
2.26
1.31
5.17
6.36
6.26
5.57
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
0.94
0.83

Slovenia
0.54
0.89
0.50
0.61
1.13
1.18
1.36
0.82
4.55
5.23
5.32
4.74
21.50
27.05
0.29
0.29
0.06
0.68
Others
OECD Europe
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
62.59
90.91
127.39
191.32
197.79
273.76
271.41
290.25
297.41
107.26
167.82
192.97
260.20
258.46
274.97
282.17
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
6.42
7.16
9.75
13.92
14.43 e
15.29 e
18.80 e
Belgium
4.91
2.32
6.06
11.56
13.78
16.85 e
14.29 e
Canada
Czech Republic
0.05
4.41
8.70
9.23 e
9.30
10.03
Denmark
3.10
12.11
3.83
8.57
8.32 e
9.05 e
7.17 e
Finland
1.40
6.48
3.87
8.37
5.10
6.64
0.94
France
5.38
7.02
3.26
3.68
2.71
3.78
Germany
17.99
23.24
39.44
45.61
45.94
48.37 e
47.40 e
Greece
0.02
0.36
0.03
Hungary
0.23
1.29
7.83
8.55
9.66
9.52
Ireland
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
Italy
23.95
34.23
37.90
40.41
43.70
46.66 e
47.41 e
Luxembourg
3.72
4.36
5.65
6.41
6.36 e
6.44 e
Mexico
Netherlands
5.49
12.66
15.50
21.84
4.34 e
6.39 e
18.62 e
14.18 e
5.11
14.55 e
Norway
3.84
0.41
1.91 e
1.23
Poland
0.01
0.01
4.09
2.49
3.08 e
3.31 e
2.78
Portugal
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.72
5.33
5.90
Slovak Republic
4.06
6.25
2.10
5.97
5.73
5.75
Spain
3.92
3.21
7.63
12.27
10.27
12.49 e
9.52 e
Sweden
5.50
12.75
8.22 e
17.69
10.03 e
18.95 e
23.81 e
Switzerland
13.92
21.69
24.07
23.92 e
27.75 e
30.02 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.13
11.93
16.33
14.77
12.48
United States
Total Non-OECD
20.13
23.50
4.82
13.56
12.95
15.29
15.24
Albania
0.13
0.54
0.39
1.11
1.00
1.16
0.78
Bulgaria
0.57
0.01
0.21
Romania
0.26
0.09
0.09
0.19
0.12
19.08
10.55
10.09 e
13.29
8.01
5.53 e
Former USSR
0.03
0.13
0.69
0.44
0.65
1.30
1.72
0.50
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.40
Belarus
Georgia
0.12
0.18
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.22
0.87
1.31
1.41
2.48
3.18
8.97
9.01
10.68
9.65
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
0.12
4.47
4.69
5.32
5.84
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
0.05
0.16

Slovenia
0.26
0.39
0.26
1.19
1.33
1.95
0.52
1.15
2.09
2.81
3.31
2.98
3.36
3.13
18.57
19.52
0.46
2.84
2.19
1.96 e
2.98 e
Others
OECD Europe
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
328.33
417.44
493.52
546.53
607.15
673.10
678.81
695.39
712.75

Total Capacity (1)
Nuclear
14.15
42.05
88.11
118.76
127.58
133.28
133.31
135.56
134.29
Hydro
99.49
119.07
135.27
150.30
164.31
175.33 e
176.12
178.94
178.94 e
2.36
6.49
18.08
25.91
35.09
37.63 e
37.76
35.44
35.08 e
Geothermal
0.39
0.44
0.50
0.56
0.55
0.81
0.90
Solar
0.79
0.94
0.00
0.01
0.05 e
0.17
0.26
0.34
0.47
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
Wind
0.06
0.42
1.09 e
12.30
16.89
22.59
0.03
0.17
0.11
0.13
0.21 e
214.06
255.65
269.34
276.24
313.30
350.81
351.08
356.69
370.36 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Combustible Fuels
27.31 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
94.56
102.01
103.76
103.18
109.57
110.37 e
111.07 e
79.19 e
Liquid Fuels
61.53
76.41
68.32
59.04
55.04
47.52 e
46.73 e
41.87 e
37.99 e
Natural Gas
8.63
10.72
6.76
12.43
25.21
54.41 e
57.20 e
44.88 e
50.51 e
0.01
0.82
0.58
0.99
2.74 e
1.80 e
3.30 e
31.63 e

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
2.59
79.68 e
25.73
27.44
36.19
39.95
40.47
41.59 e
41.38 e
31.68 e
Solid / Natural Gas
3.27
4.14
2.70
5.78
6.34
7.76 e
7.89 e
1.88 e
1.86 e
15.33
26.08
38.85
37.27
42.74
52.31 e
52.67 e
42.34 e
37.43 e
5.02
8.84
11.94
10.98
14.01
16.11 e
15.61 e
10.09 e
10.08 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993 and for Slovak Republic before 1995.
OECD Europe
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
49.39
51.49
50.99
50.11
58.22
51.13
53.28
53.17
55.57
Nuclear
0.54
0.84
0.82
0.77
0.54
Hydro
6.63
7.06
8.96
8.49
8.57
5.13
5.39
4.27
4.78 e
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity (1)
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.04
0.04
Geothermal
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
Solar
0.02
0.03
0.04 e
0.05 e
0.10 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Wind
0.06
1.37
0.49
0.51
0.67
0.93
0.11
0.03
0.04
0.05
42.22
43.59
41.22
40.79
47.62
45.45
Combustible Fuels
47.29 e
48.13 e
0.08 e
49.69 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
17.46
16.37
15.54
14.09
14.16
8.21 e
8.07 e
4.72 e
6.69 e
Liquid Fuels
11.87
12.37
7.05
5.65
6.03
6.98 e
7.43 e
7.03 e
6.19 e
Natural Gas
1.43
1.64
3.98
4.52
8.29
14.29 e
14.79 e
8.03 e
4.72 e
0.08
0.12
1.49
0.99
1.63
2.99 e
3.04 e
2.57 e
2.41 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
5.02
6.37
5.38
5.05
5.25
4.00 e
3.81 e
3.66 e
3.71 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.99
0.71
0.25
0.17
0.42
0.97 e
1.58 e
1.38 e
1.42 e
3.57
4.07
4.86
5.61
6.62
3.23 e
3.69 e
3.57 e
3.78 e
1.81
1.96
2.68
2.87
2.97
1.56 e
1.62 e
1.54 e
1.55 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993 and for Slovak Republic before 2001.
IEA Total
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
3599.60
3834.16
4275.61
5065.06
5083.65
5119.21
5217.62
1.0
1.4
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
11782.22
14156.52
19254.40
24790.57
25420.59
25990.57
26921.00
2.9
2.4
0.31
0.27
0.22
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.19
-1.9
-1.0
TPES/population(2)
810.70
857.81
918.59
987.91
1001.51
1007.87
1013.02
0.7
0.7
4.44
4.47
4.65
5.13
5.08
5.08
5.15
0.3
0.7
100
89
73
67
65
64
63
-1.9
-1.0
100
104
103
103
102
101
..
0.2
..
4508
5336
6689
8040
8065
8116
..
2.3
..
4318.41
5433.05
7279.42
9203.43
9360.81
9454.70
9608.50
3.1
2.0
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
3599.60
3834.16
4275.61
5065.06
5083.65
5119.21
5217.62
1.0
1.4
758.86
854.63
975.51
1027.62
1033.81
1035.49
1064.00
1.5
0.6
1943.00
1869.81
1796.69
2049.86
2054.93
2080.63
2115.80
-0.5
1.2
687.52
747.02
803.69
1104.76
1115.15
1129.79
1133.33
0.9
2.5
Comb. Renew & Waste
78.37
100.57
130.41
163.94
158.74
165.62
167.85
3.0
1.8
Nuclear
49.16
161.07
446.11
578.49
585.96
572.07
596.94
13.9
2.1
5.59
8.76
21.57
23.71
19.05
20.06
21.00
8.3
-0.2
0.05
0.09 e
9.93
24.1
12.6
0.6
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Geothermal
1.88
5.94 e
7.60 e
8.47 e
76.64
91.17
97.97
109.40 e
105.39
104.04
105.99
1.5
0.42
1.03
1.77
0.97
2.63
2.72
2.47
8.8
2.4
0.00
Heat
0.36
0.38
0.32
0.32
54.2
Hydro

IEA Total
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Nuclear
103.7
188.3
616.1
1709.9
2219.7
2248.1
2248.3
2195.0
Hydro
865.5
904.0
1074.8
1179.5
1338.3
1239.5
1293.8
1283.4
10.4
12.8
14.7
40.3
66.2 e
66.7
68.4
73.7
4.5
6.4
10.1
23.3
25.8
25.2
26.0
26.6
0.7
0.7 e
0.8 e
0.9 e
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Wind
0.0
3.8
28.5
34.6
48.2
58.2
0.0
0.1
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.9
of which:
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
2743.8
3232.0
3746.2
4401.9
5654.3 e
5581.4 e
5809.5
5961.6 e
1442.3
1606.5
2194.9
2913.4
3548.5
3450.3
3547.8
3662.4
806.9
1105.7
932.8
620.0
479.7
454.1
473.5
487.3
488.4
512.9
605.1
750.2
1479.7
1533.1
1629.0
1645.8
6.2
6.9
13.3
118.2
3718.0
4331.2
5447.7
7319.7
9269.6
383.4
461.4
8808.2
165.7 e
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
1.1 e
208.4 e
276.7 e
3552.4
4122.8
5171.0
6936.3
0.4
146.3 e
143.9 e
9132.0
356.5 e
3.0 e
159.3
9429.2
425.8 e
166.2 e
9528.4
431.8
8775.5
9003.4
9096.6
3.0
2.2
2.2
0.7
3.6
3.4
2.9
1.8
15.0
18.5
24.1
61.9
89.2 e
91.7
96.2 e
95.1
Imports
63.5
82.4
132.0
237.1
332.4
330.5 e
348.2 e
358.2 e
Exports
58.5
77.5
120.0
216.4
321.1
306.3 e
317.5 e
3542.4
4109.2
5158.9
6893.9
8723.8

290.9 e
111.6 e
336.1 e
119.8 e
416.1 e
167.6 e
553.0
198.4
8701.6
568.8 e
215.3 e
507.2 e
225.4 e
8932.7
632.1 e
226.2 e
326.5 e
9029.1
619.5 e
232.9
3139.9
3653.3
4575.3
6142.5
7939.6
7969.1
8074.3
8176.7
3707.7
4318.4
5433.1
7279.4
9203.4 e
9065.3
9360.8
9454.7
3723.1
4336.1
5459.8
7340.3
9280.9
9156.1 e
9459.8 e
9560.0 e
6340.9
8155.0 e
8194.4 e
8300.6 e
8409.6 e
3251.5 e 3773.1 e 4742.9 e


IEA Total
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
4355.81
5433.05
7279.42
9203.43
9360.81
9454.70
9608.50
3.3
Coal
1545.77
2194.90
2913.44
3548.53
3547.75
3662.37
3643.32
4.0
1.6
Oil
1042.88
932.80
620.00
479.67
473.50
487.28
433.96
-3.2
-2.5
524.84
605.15
750.24
1479.71
1628.99
1645.84
1733.62
2.3
6.2
7.60
13.31
118.18
168.62
18.7
2.6
241.60
616.15
1709.86
2219.66
2248.31
2195.00
2290.41
13.0
2.1
6.49
10.11
23.28
25.75
26.05
26.64
26.37
8.3
0.9
31.62 e
51.51 e
21.5
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.61
0.54
5.24
986.03
1060.10
1139.18
10.45
14.69
40.27
Total
4003.94
5082.01
6681.03
Coal
1416.93 e 2070.23
Hydro
146.34 e
159.28
166.15 e
79.74
14.4
1209.72
1232.45
0.9
0.6
68.39
73.67
71.01
8.8
4.1
8745.64
8806.89
..
3.3
..
..
4.3
..
370.23 e
..
-3.4
..
1273.17 e 1412.08 e 1412.57 e
..
1.2
..
1272.14 e 1225.43
66.16 e
61.70 e
2.0
of which:
Oil
929.94 e
831.89
535.97
Gas
495.19
572.88
597.00
..
6.5
..
1703.34
2218.95
2247.29
2195.00
..
13.1
..
6.49
10.11
16.10
25.48
25.83
26.36
..
5.8
..
0.60
0.51
1.36
29.44 e
48.62 e
58.02 e
..
5.3
..
914.77
980.89
1056.55
1148.98
..
0.9
..
10.45
14.69
40.24
68.33
73.59
..
8.8
..
Total
351.87
351.05
598.39
624.71
615.17
647.81
..
3.4
..
Coal
128.84 e
124.67 e
150.00 e
156.68 e
126.98 e
129.57 e
..
1.0
..
Oil
112.94 e
100.92
84.02 e
91.68 e
104.93 e
117.05 e
..
-1.8
..
32.27 e
153.24 e
206.54 e
216.90 e
233.28 e
..
10.8
..
103.22 e
Hydro
7.26
51.72 e
368.57 e
610.92
Geothermal
4.59 e
387.99 e
237.36
Nuclear
2.66
8578.72
2763.45 e 3391.86 e 3420.78 e 3532.80 e
58.94 e
1200.11 e 1163.53
66.07 e
62.94 e
Autoproducers
Gas
29.65
4.94
8.72
110.92 e
94.63 e
100.34 e
..
21.5
..
Nuclear
4.23
5.23
6.52
0.71
1.02
..
2.7
..
Geothermal
7.17
0.27
0.22
0.29
..
..
0.01
0.04
3.89
2.18 e
2.89
3.67
..
42.8
..
71.26
79.20
82.63
61.90
60.74
..
0.9
..

0.04
0.10
0.06
0.08
..
..
Hydro
72.02
IEA Total
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
805213
1085284
1710538
1772911
1866238
1962825
1960628
80-95 95-04
5.2
1.5
Coal
..
..
592907
490027
459120
474340
471146
..
-2.5
Oil
..
..
192902
132806
152313
168179
155793
..
-2.3
Gas
..
..
648894
773568
915819
949105
950795
..
4.3
..
..
227876 e
330923 e 295328 e
334242 e
346550
..
4.8
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
4333
1516
1463
1542
1813
..
-9.2
12.1
Geothermal
..
..
402
654
748
1176
1128
..
Solar
..
..
2629
3646
3226
3156
3281
..
2.5
Heat Pumps
..
..
25400
27333
28239
24810
23745
..
-0.7
Electric Boilers
..
..
15195
12438
9982
6275
6377
..
-9.2
Total
761185
1013173
1311761
1490611
1565025
1677065
..
3.7
..
Coal
..
..
500093 e
459443 e 383851 e
419519 e
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
163785
102780 e
90774 e
106480 e
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
476751 e
694709 e 839960 e
873445 e
..
..
..
..
..
125940 e
191815 e 210082 e
243962 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
4333
1516
1463
1542
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
402
654
748
1176
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
24
37
51
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
25265
27255
28129
24615
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
15186
12415
9981
6275
..
..
..
Total
44028
72111
398777
282300
301213
285760
..
15.8
..
Coal
..
..
30584
75269
..
..
..
of which:
Autoproducers
92814 e
54821 e
Oil
..
..
29117
30026
61539
61699
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
172143
78859
75859
75660
..
..
..
..
..
101936 e
85246 e
90280 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
2623
3622
3189
3105
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
135
78
110
195
..
..
..
23
..
..
..
139108 e
Electric Boilers
..
..
9
IEA Total
(TWh)
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
9528.37
3718.04
4331.23
4366.26
5447.74
7319.69
9269.59
9132.00
9429.20
Nuclear
103.69
188.26
241.60
616.15
1709.86
2219.66
2248.14
2248.31
2195.00
Hydro
865.49
903.99
996.48
1074.78
1179.46
1338.30
1239.47
1293.82
1283.40
of which:
Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
..
12.82
10.45
14.69
40.27
66.16 e
66.69
68.39
73.67
4.51
6.44
6.49
10.11
23.28
25.75
25.22
26.05
26.64
0.68
0.68 e
0.80 e
0.89 e
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.50
0.60
0.61
0.58
0.57
0.57
0.01
3.84
28.53
34.60
48.22
58.20
1.81
1.81
1.83
1.06 e
0.01
0.04
0.12
2743.85
3231.98
3121.08
3746.16
4401.86
5654.26 e 5581.39 e 5809.51
5961.64 e
1.87
of which:
1442.29
1606.55
1545.77
2194.90
2913.44
3548.53
3450.28
3547.75
3662.37
Oil
Coal
806.91
1105.68
1042.88
932.80
620.00
479.67
454.11
473.50
487.28
Gas
488.43
512.90
524.84
605.15
750.24
1479.71
1533.09
1628.99
1645.84
6.22
6.86
7.60
13.31
118.18
5171.01
6936.32
8808.24
8775.54
9003.36
9096.57
580.11 e 1605.34
2105.22
2153.03
2153.50
2101.62
1322.86 e 1222.65
1247.87
1235.74

(1)
4170.98
Nuclear
..
..
225.30
Hydro
..
..
988.20 e 1064.09 e 1165.39
146.34 e
143.91 e
159.28
166.15 e
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
10.32
14.50
39.74
65.44 e
66.04
67.72
72.98
Geothermal
..
..
6.07
8.80
22.06
24.75
24.28
25.14
25.46
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.59
Wind
..
..
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
0.67 e
0.65 e
0.77 e
0.88 e
0.49
0.59
0.60
0.57
0.56
1.05 e
0.57
0.01
3.81
28.43
34.45
47.98
57.97
0.01
0.03
0.12
1.72
1.73
1.75
1.78
2910.66 e 3468.42 e 4079.79 e 5324.02 e 5338.07 e 5525.68 e 5672.40

for Czech Republic before 1992.
IEA Total
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1042.21
1284.95
1287.93
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
776.09
895.67
1320.19
1344.90
1.7
Coal
408.24 e
538.12 e
688.56 e
829.05 e
829.30 e
838.97
856.67
3.1
1.7
Oil
247.32 e
214.79 e
131.23 e
105.86 e
99.17 e
97.90
103.07
-3.7
-1.8
Gas
117.97
137.55
170.59 e
302.74 e
310.05 e
329.21
330.35
2.2
5.2
51.83 e
47.30 e
49.40 e
54.12
54.82
19.3
0.4
2.3
Total
2.56 e
5.21 e
2.0

Total
..
835.12
912.41
1201.92
1219.02
..
Coal
..
510.32 e
655.23 e
794.62 e
798.80 e
809.41
826.84
..
1.8
Oil
..
191.64 e
116.60 e
79.11 e
74.45 e
78.79
79.90
..
-2.9
Gas
..
131.31
136.53
265.41 e
272.74 e
289.61
285.97
..
5.9
19.34 e
20.83 e
24.11
26.31
..
15.47
..
1.85 e
4.05 e
1158.47
1166.83

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
54.70
169.76
466.07
599.85
606.92
602.46
589.14
13.4
49.16
161.07
446.11
578.49
585.92
585.96
572.07
13.9
1.9
5.54
8.69
19.90
21.21 e
20.84 e
16.33 e
16.89
7.8
-1.3
0.06
0.15 e
0.16 e
0.17 e
9.1
76.69
91.21
98.36
112.06
104.04
109.74
109.25
1.5
0.8
76.64
91.17
97.97
109.40 e
100.86
105.39
104.04
1.5
0.5
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05 e
0.05 e
0.4
-0.3
0.00
0.33
2.45
2.98
4.15
5.00 e
23.2
0.00
0.01
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
23.3
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.18 e
1.8
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
IEA Total
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
2725.76
2802.30
2958.92
3511.55
3496.54
3520.22
3583.41
0.5
1.5
252.49
211.79
202.13
114.41
110.40
109.58
113.49
-1.3
-4.3
1573.98
1538.12
1561.14
1841.17
1855.10
1863.43
1889.91
-0.0
1.5
501.42
546.36
563.44
716.53
696.27
706.53
724.21
0.7
1.9
75.78
95.30
78.49
115.29
106.11
102.37
106.07
0.2
2.3
0.05
0.07
1.52
2.34
2.47
2.55
2.97
22.3
5.3
0.03
1.43
3.04
2.97
3.00
2.96
5.8
314.19
393.48
528.26
682.81
685.34
694.39
703.20
3.1
2.2
7.85
17.16
22.52
35.97
37.89
38.36
40.60
6.4
4.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1027.37
1004.49
914.05
1085.01
1042.96
1056.51
1062.19
-0.7
1.2
165.83
145.22
144.01
102.39
98.88
98.76
102.85
-0.8
-2.6
419.52
379.64
278.64
334.28
329.03
331.55
332.91
-2.4
1.4
246.90
250.87
241.23
306.50
287.00
292.55
289.87
-0.1
1.4
40.34
47.06
33.12
66.28
58.80
56.59
58.06
-1.2
4.4
0.22
0.39
0.38
0.39
0.40
4.7
23.2
0.01
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.12
152.23
177.37
212.78
263.51
255.93
262.06
262.98
2.0
1.6
2.55
4.33
4.04
11.57
12.82
14.48
15.01
2.8
10.6
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
696.35
775.29
948.68
1172.44
1172.93
1192.34
1209.75
1.8
1.9
3.55
0.75
0.11
0.10
0.14
0.09
0.06
-18.6
-4.2
670.89
752.28
922.81
1140.38
1141.23
1159.00
1177.48
1.9
1.9
17.00
16.75
18.68
20.90
20.30
21.63
21.05
0.6
0.9
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.38
2.50
2.90
2.32
-1.9
73.5
4.90
5.51
7.08
8.67
8.76
8.72
8.84
2.2
1.7
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
40.45
43.84
54.52
58.47
59.72
59.09
56.85
0.17
0.16
0.39 e
0.52 e
0.87 e
0.62 e
0.66 e
1.8
0.3
-1.6
-1.9
35.99 e
38.98
44.34
46.58 e
47.62 e
46.79 e
44.67 e
1.2
0.1
0.06
0.58
4.40
5.02
5.00
4.97 e
4.52 e
28.6
0.2
0.07
0.13
0.46 e
0.61 e
0.67 e
0.85 e
0.84 e
12.0
4.7
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
48.6
8.2
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
36.0
3.37
3.47
4.44
5.70 e
5.88 e
5.70 e
5.91 e
1.6
2.2
0.26
0.27
0.26
0.27
3.8
3.8
0.09
0.07
0.16
IEA Total
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
278.81
12.84 e
130.86 e
72.36
0.75
61.79
0.22
282.28
10.96 e
105.36 e
78.92
1.03
84.75
1.27
336.13
10.90
82.24
98.75
0.28
0.05
0.06
138.97
4.88
408.78
1.91
79.98
120.27
2.23
0.34
0.06
196.95
7.05
417.14
2.22
83.19
119.44
2.08
0.36
0.06
202.54
7.25
413.30
3.17
80.81
121.17
2.44
0.37
0.06
198.41
6.86
424.60
3.20
82.85
126.19
2.76
0.54
0.08
202.14
6.84
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
525.97
57.53 e
197.60 e
152.79
21.76
0.05
91.67
4.57
523.03
45.98 e
146.56 e
176.88
23.13 e
0.07
0.03
122.06
8.32
557.18
38.12
114.57
195.00
30.62
0.53
1.34
164.77
12.24
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
60.84
9.48 e
25.53
12.31 e
12.86
0.22
71.24
6.43 e
15.00
22.38 e
23.95
0.31
35.53
6.87
7.16 e
5.38
14.00 e
0.68
0.02 e
0.21
17.31
0.32
5.38 e
6.66
1.60 e
0.29
0.06 e
0.40
16.37
0.05
5.34 e
6.77
0.77 e
0.30
0.07
0.65
0.43 e
3.17 e
1.21 e
2.59 e
2.42 e
Heat
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
655.33
8.69
121.20
257.18
42.18
1.21
2.81
207.58
14.49
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
662.64
8.18
124.70
257.74
41.29
1.32
2.72
211.58
15.12
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1.1
-1.0
-2.7
1.8
-5.7
4.9
19.9
1.8
-9.0
0.1
1.9
19.3
20.8
1.9
2.9
2.6
0.3
-2.4
-3.2
1.4
2.0
14.9
3.5
6.0
1.6
-13.2
0.3
2.7
2.4
9.0
5.7
2.3
2.5
14.18
0.06
5.30 e
6.11 e
0.13 e
0.30
0.08
0.63
15.59
0.05
5.64
7.03
0.17 e
0.29
0.02
0.72
-3.1
-1.9
-7.2
-4.8
0.5
-0.4
-6.1
-31.2
-1.8
2.1
-28.7
-6.3
-0.4
9.9
1.57 e
1.67 e
6.3
2.5
662.33
6.34
118.26
260.10
39.47
1.38
2.73
218.87
15.18
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
686.37
6.01
119.11
275.55
41.91
1.62
2.74
222.61
16.83
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e

IEA Total
TFC
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2725.76
2802.30
2781.91
2958.92
3186.43
3511.55
3496.54
3520.22
3583.41
1062.19
Total Industry
1027.37
1004.49
927.02
914.05
947.65
1085.01
1042.96
1056.51
Iron and Steel
153.29
125.16
102.58
90.63
92.50
97.73
93.31
93.70
94.18
218.27
223.35
218.18
307.27
362.03
415.07
397.22
404.31
401.06
Non-ferrous Metals
29.10
37.53
33.37
31.01
41.52
47.92
45.81
44.98
44.63
61.05
66.37
63.12
62.01
75.52
80.75
79.68
78.42
80.53
Transport Equipment
13.63
14.03
14.43
11.98
16.60
23.48
22.47
22.64
22.30
Machinery
26.11
29.32
37.22
42.16
50.61
52.55
51.78
50.41
50.19
11.83
16.35
16.67
15.43
15.16
17.26
16.91
17.90
19.33
Food and Tobacco
36.08
41.70
40.99
41.46
56.88
65.09
65.77
66.28
66.35
60.72
60.92
61.75
71.10
97.39
123.31
114.82
114.35
116.39
18.37
7.00
8.56
8.61
8.12
18.94
20.23
19.48
18.38
Construction
9.48
11.24
11.80
14.60
15.80
14.62
15.47
15.23
15.50
Textile and Leather
23.64
22.45
21.42
17.68
21.46
22.60
22.16
21.20
21.73
Non Specified/Other
377.18
347.51
296.89
200.61
83.23
104.40
98.07
108.70
111.62
1602.42
1695.69
1758.57
1932.04
2122.74
2312.33
2328.81
2341.23
2393.17
40.45
43.84
55.38
54.52
60.34
58.47
59.72
59.09
56.85
278.81
282.28
291.77
336.13
379.32
408.78
417.14
413.30
424.60
Agriculture
Residential
525.97
523.03
561.20
557.18
612.60
655.33
662.64
662.33
686.37
Transport
696.35
775.29
806.98
948.68
1052.60
1172.44
1172.93
1192.34
1209.75

Non-Energy Use(1)
60.84
71.24
43.24
35.53
17.86
17.31
16.37
14.18
15.59
95.97
102.12
96.32
112.83
116.05
114.21
124.77
122.48
128.05
314.19
393.48
447.78
528.26
597.58
682.81
685.34
694.39
703.20
Total Industry
152.23
177.37
186.01
212.78
235.46
263.51
255.93
262.06
262.98
Iron and Steel
21.60
24.08
23.21
23.12
24.24
26.60 e
25.90 e
27.07 e
27.03 e
32.04
34.45
37.26
42.23
45.84
47.99 e
47.00 e
47.46 e
47.13 e
Non-ferrous Metals
19.06
23.61
19.60
18.66
21.17
24.32 e
24.54 e
24.88 e
25.22 e
7.76
9.35
9.79
10.93
12.32
13.10 e
13.36 e
13.30 e
13.42 e
Transport Equipment
5.65
6.73
8.10
6.35
6.93
9.27
8.98 e
9.53 e
9.49
Machinery
9.95
12.25
17.98
22.98
23.52
26.14 e
26.18 e
25.24 e
25.22 e
4.59
5.37
6.74
7.79
7.75
8.20 e
7.96 e
8.19 e
7.88
Food and Tobacco
7.15
9.29
12.12
13.20
15.13
17.33 e
17.92 e
18.16 e
18.48 e
13.92
16.81
22.65
27.05
30.56
32.79 e
32.46 e
32.51 e
32.57 e
2.74
3.52
4.08
4.49
4.70
5.01
4.89 e
4.87 e
4.83
Construction
0.49
0.65
0.77
0.95
1.19
1.20 e
1.25 e
1.29 e
1.34 e
Textile and Leather
7.17
7.41
8.28
7.85
8.39
8.80 e
8.70 e
7.85 e
8.42 e
Non Specified/Other
20.10
23.86
15.44
27.18
33.73
42.76 e
36.79 e
41.72 e
41.97 e
161.96
216.11
261.76
315.48
362.11
3.37
3.47
4.19
4.44
5.05
61.79
84.75
109.24
138.97
162.55
196.95 e 202.54 e 198.41 e 202.14 e
Residential
91.67
122.06
141.87
164.77
185.31
207.58 e 211.58 e 218.87 e 222.61
4.90
5.51
6.18
7.08
8.07
8.67
8.76
8.72
8.84

0.22
0.31
0.29
0.21
1.13 e
0.40
0.65
0.63
0.72
Agriculture
Transport
419.30
5.70 e
429.41
5.88 e
432.33
440.22
5.70 e
5.91 e
IEA Total
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
3773.08
4742.88
6340.90
8154.96
8194.42
8300.56
8409.63
3.1
2.2
Industry
1.6
1770.08
2062.46
2474.17
3064.02
2975.89
3047.27
3057.87
2.0
Transport
57.02
64.10
82.31
100.85
101.88
101.41
102.76
2.2
1.7
Agriculture
39.24
40.35
51.68
1.6
2.2

Residential
Energy(1)
66.30 e
68.37 e
66.25 e
68.76 e
718.46
985.41
1615.95
2290.08 e 2355.11 e 2307.06 e 2350.50 e
4.9
2.9
1065.90
1419.33
1915.96
2413.71 e 2460.21 e 2544.99 e 2588.47
3.5
2.3
119.76
167.57
198.37
215.35
225.36 e
226.23 e
232.92 e
3.0
1.2
2.61
3.66
2.45
4.66
7.60
7.36
8.34
-0.4
9.9
701.33 e
704.72 e
713.85 e
723.23 e
3.1
2.2
324.48
407.89
545.32

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1770.08
2062.46
2474.17
3064.02
2975.89
3047.27
3057.87
2.0
1.6
Iron and Steel
251.13
279.98
268.83
309.31 e
301.15 e
314.71 e
314.31 e
0.4
1.2
372.51
400.56
491.10
558.07 e
546.46 e
551.89 e
547.99 e
1.6
0.8
Non-Ferrous Metals
221.64
274.50
216.98
282.78 e
285.30 e
289.34 e
293.28 e
-0.1
2.3
90.28
108.74
127.13
Transport Equipment
65.72
78.27
73.79
115.66
142.46
53.36
Food and Tobacco
Machinery

Construction
152.35 e
155.35 e
154.60 e
155.99 e
2.0
1.6
107.74
104.40 e
110.76 e
110.36
0.7
3.1
267.17
303.95 e
304.37 e
293.50 e
293.20 e
5.0
0.7
62.43
90.58
95.31 e
92.60 e
95.23 e
91.57
3.2
0.1
83.18
108.08
153.46
201.48 e
208.34 e
211.18 e
214.87 e
3.7
2.6
161.88
195.42
314.55
381.34 e
377.50 e
378.02 e
378.67 e
4.0
1.4
31.89
40.94
52.26
58.28
56.90 e
56.62 e
56.17
2.9
0.6
5.75
7.58
11.02
13.96 e
14.57 e
15.03 e
15.54 e
3.9
2.7
83.33
86.11
91.32
102.29 e
101.21 e
91.23 e
97.91 e
0.5
0.5
Non Specified/Other
233.77
277.41
315.99
497.16 e
427.76 e
485.16 e
488.02 e
1.8
3.4
263.51
255.93
262.06
262.98
2.0
1.6

152.23
177.37
212.78
IEA Total
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
82.39
132.01
186.26
237.08
249.77
332.41
330.48
348.16
358.16
155.62
208.11
240.89
316.04
307.36
323.87
331.36
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
8.13
7.04
8.60
12.52
11.53 e
11.90 e
10.33 e
Belgium
3.53
4.49
3.55
4.50
4.81
10.31 e
12.36 e
Canada
45.66
20.56
44.50
48.52
38.40
36.13
29.32
Czech Republic
2.98
4.43
14.32
14.99 e
17.12 e
20.37 e
Denmark
2.61
4.94
5.65
8.18
8.88 e
11.10 e
15.65 e
Finland
0.88
0.36
0.28
1.00
2.83
3.02
8.47
France
27.77
55.50
77.74
77.72
75.18 e
80.76 e
71.66
Germany
14.66
22.16
23.27
37.91
40.81
36.50
44.63 e
Greece
0.01
0.50
1.13
Hungary
0.21
0.31
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Ireland
0.03
Italy
0.34
0.25
0.36
0.47
0.61
0.72 e
Luxembourg
0.42
0.97
0.78
0.74
1.15 e
2.92 e
2.79 e
Mexico
0.24
1.95
2.26
0.08
0.10
0.24
1.07
Netherlands
0.89
3.50
3.90
4.03
Norway
4.44
16.41
8.57
20.49
Poland
3.28
4.93
7.15
7.96
9.17 e
9.21 e
Portugal
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.47
3.43
Slovak Republic
1.52
0.78
2.48
8.82
9.52
10.26
Spain
4.89
3.61
3.03
5.29
4.98
5.56 e
6.59 e
Sweden
6.95
14.61
8.63
12.53
15.65 e
13.24 e
11.01 e
Switzerland
25.44
23.35
26.17
29.79
33.95 e
32.58 e
32.59 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.05
0.05
1.23
1.70
United States
2.69
17.78
7.42
15.34
16.12
16.09
24.46
Total Non-OECD
30.64
28.97
8.88
16.38
23.12
24.29
26.79
Albania
0.08
0.17
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.05
Bulgaria
1.48
0.32
0.65
4.36
6.18
6.76
4.40
Romania
0.28
Former USSR
16.19
16.87
6.51
10.27
11.20
16.10
6.43 e
5.19 e
7.16
4.32 e
0.54 e
15.00
2.12 e
3.92 e
5.60
12.36
3.10
9.05
3.77 e
Belarus
Georgia
0.87
0.18
0.20
0.52
0.09
4.84 e
Russian Federation
4.27
4.53
4.76
7.89
8.16
11.51
Turkmenistan
0.02
Ukraine
11.06
12.16
1.59
1.55
1.86
2.95
4.56
1.72
2.26
1.31
5.17
6.36
6.26
5.57
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
0.94
0.83

Slovenia
0.54
0.89
0.50
0.61
1.13
1.18
1.36
0.82
4.55
5.23
5.32
4.74
11.17
9.36
0.29
0.29
0.06
0.68
Others
IEA Total
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
77.49
119.97
167.12
216.44
241.15
321.11
306.35
317.53
326.51
155.24
206.48
236.34
307.55
293.62
303.09
312.56
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
6.42
7.16
8.09
13.92
14.43 e
15.29 e
18.80 e
Belgium
4.91
2.32
6.06
11.56
13.78
16.85 e
14.29 e
Canada
4.81
19.94
7.99
12.69
16.11
13.00
23.58
Czech Republic
0.05
0.28
0.23
0.20 e
Denmark
3.10
12.11
3.83
8.57
8.32 e
Finland
1.40
6.48
3.87
8.37
5.10
6.64
0.94
France
5.38
7.02
3.26
3.68
4.34 e
2.71
3.78
Germany
17.99
23.24
36.71
44.92
44.74
47.76 e
47.12 e
Greece
0.02
0.36
0.03
Hungary
0.23
0.58
0.43
0.23
0.49
0.47
Ireland
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
Italy
23.95
34.23
37.90
40.41
43.70
46.66 e
47.41 e
Luxembourg
3.72
4.36
5.65
6.41
6.39 e
6.36 e
6.44 e
Mexico
0.15
0.59
1.15
1.99
0.37
0.57
0.39
Netherlands
5.49
12.66
15.50
21.84
18.62 e
14.18 e
14.55 e
Norway
3.84
0.41
1.91 e
1.23
Poland
0.01
0.01
4.09
2.49
3.08 e
3.31 e
2.78
Portugal
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.72
5.33
5.90
Slovak Republic
4.06
6.25
2.10
4.27
3.71
3.46
Spain
3.92
3.21
7.63
12.27
10.27
12.49 e
9.52 e
Sweden
5.50
12.75
8.22 e
17.63
10.03 e
18.75 e
21.16 e
Switzerland
13.92
21.69
24.07
23.92 e
27.75 e
30.02 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.13
11.93
16.33
14.77
12.48
10.09 e
United States
43.02
18.13
43.44
50.98
39.24
36.12
31.15
Total Non-OECD
11.88
9.97
4.82
13.56
12.73
14.44
13.95
Albania
0.13
0.54
0.39
1.11
1.00
1.16
0.78
Bulgaria
0.57
0.01
0.21
Romania
0.26
0.09
0.09
0.19
0.12
19.08
10.55
9.05 e
5.11
7.17 e
13.29
5.28
5.53 e
Former USSR
0.03
0.13
0.69
0.44
0.43
0.46
0.43
0.50
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.40
Belarus
Georgia
0.12
0.18
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
1.41
2.48
3.18
8.97
9.01
10.68
9.65
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
0.12
4.47
4.69
5.32
5.84
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
0.05
0.16

Slovenia
0.26
0.39
0.26
1.19
1.33
1.95
0.52
1.15
2.09
2.81
3.31
2.98
3.36
3.13
10.32
5.99
0.46
2.84
2.19
1.96 e
2.98 e
Others
IEA Total
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
899.76
1254.02
1408.19
1526.10
1668.55
1688.41
1958.65
2045.30
2116.71

Total Capacity (1)
Nuclear
52.37
119.91
204.07
263.40
291.54
297.92
305.68
309.92
309.14
161.98
274.22
317.56
342.81
374.94
386.61 e
390.80
393.62
393.51 e
2.21
17.34
31.10
42.83
79.38
82.62 e
82.52
81.12
80.09 e
Geothermal
0.56
1.70
2.36
2.63
2.98
4.32
4.51
4.63
4.68
0.92
Hydro
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.02
0.01
0.07 e
0.76
0.72
0.80
0.24
0.24
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26 e
0.26 e
0.26
0.06
0.42
1.12 e
Wind
Combustible Fuels
14.83
21.03
27.39
0.26
33.95 e
0.08
0.17
0.11
0.13
0.21 e
684.61
857.94
883.86
916.57
997.57
983.54
1235.54
1308.54
1374.04 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
279.89
353.32
351.32
390.98
405.97
413.03 e
488.27 e
429.33 e
Liquid Fuels
204.79
250.06
186.76
173.22
166.16
130.25 e
142.05 e
126.81 e
125.36 e
Natural Gas
72.52
100.31
36.55
48.73
73.45
133.67 e
228.66 e
287.51 e
341.43 e
0.08
0.17
0.94
0.92
1.17
3.12 e
8.60 e
7.56 e
10.79 e
56.03 e

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
442.66 e
38.29
43.09
81.35
80.89
88.28
69.24 e
69.88 e
56.08 e
Solid / Natural Gas
16.97
18.17
30.74
34.32
40.77
8.76 e
8.67 e
2.75 e
2.82 e
64.59
80.65
181.90
165.49
188.28
163.36 e
227.36 e
221.09 e
240.73 e
7.48
12.17
14.29
15.00
17.78
16.75 e
16.21 e
10.05 e
10.00 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993 and for Korea before 1994.
(2) Breakdown of electrical capacity by type of fuel is not available for Czech Republic before 2003, for Korea in 2002,
IEA Total
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
64.53
70.71
69.29
116.77
158.47
288.96
136.46
138.41
144.19
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity (1)
Nuclear
Hydro
0.55
1.01
0.98
12.10
14.17
14.41
0.95
15.77 e
0.70
17.92 e
0.17
0.17
18.34
12.50
0.17
11.92 e
c
12.22 e
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.04
0.04
Geothermal
0.03
0.03
1.09
1.27
0.05
0.05
0.04 e
0.05
Solar
0.34
0.41
0.04
0.05 e
0.05 e
0.10 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Wind
1.97
3.09
0.58
0.70
0.96
1.45
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.12
51.88
55.50
53.87
96.65
134.97
269.66
122.87 e
125.16 e
Combustible Fuels
0.15 e
130.22 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
18.27
17.69
16.83
18.58
13.06
64.50 e
14.27 e
10.29 e
12.99 e
Liquid Fuels
20.08
22.23
17.35
6.74
7.72
21.13 e
12.54 e
11.37 e
12.20 e
Natural Gas
2.06
2.01
4.58
23.84
30.93
79.51 e
33.95 e
26.59 e
26.81 e
0.08
0.47
1.95
9.14
4.43
14.25 e
9.89 e
9.78 e
11.03 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
5.02
6.37
5.38
5.05
8.43
4.32 e
4.17 e
3.98 e
3.71 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.99
0.71
0.25
0.17
2.55
0.97 e
1.33 e
1.13 e
1.15 e
3.57
4.07
4.86
10.35
19.06
46.80 e
5.97 e
6.16 e
5.77 e
1.81
1.96
2.68
2.87
23.58
1.56 e
1.51 e
1.49 e
1.50 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993 and for Korea before 1996.
(2) Breakdown of electrical capacity by type of fuel is not available for Czech Republic before 2003 and for Sweden from 1990 to 2002.
IEA North America

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
1896.29
2004.65
2136.73
2556.10
2538.25
2541.43
2585.21
0.7
1.4
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
4627.89
5536.20
7590.63
10479.25
10775.60
11097.13
11572.30
3.0
3.1
0.41
0.36
0.28
0.24
0.24
0.23
0.22
-2.2
-1.6
TPES/population(2)
234.43
252.24
277.88
313.11
319.60
322.72
325.58
1.0
1.1
8.09
7.95
7.69
8.16
7.94
7.88
7.94
-0.3
0.2
100
88
69
60
57
56
55
-2.2
-1.6
100
103
99
93
90
88
..
-0.1
..
8054
9235
10986
12718
12369
12333
..
1.8
..
2235.59
2800.60
3684.76
4631.17
4627.17
4641.25
4715.53
3.0
1.8
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
1896.29
2004.65
2136.73
2556.10
2538.25
2541.43
2585.21
0.7
1.4
Coal
326.31
397.45
482.58
575.24
571.90
561.21
571.66
2.3
1.2
Oil
903.88
892.82
847.31
978.77
986.68
1013.10
1043.83
-0.4
1.5
Gas
551.78
522.34
494.08
622.90
609.23
598.34
589.20
-0.6
1.3
Comb. Renew & Waste
45.31
62.14
70.41
84.70
77.05
79.92
80.45
2.6
1.0
Nuclear
27.31
79.77
178.78
226.86
229.35
224.83
235.52
11.7
2.0
2.11
4.60
14.10
13.09
8.27
8.59
9.44
11.8
-2.8
0.32
2.41 e
2.47 e
2.63
16.2
39.56
45.57
49.01
52.61
53.11
52.99
52.46
1.3
0.5
0.02
-0.05
0.14
-0.15
0.24
-0.02
0.01
11.9
-15.3
TPES (Mtoe)
Geothermal
Hydro
Heat
2.09 e

IEA North America

(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
44.8
104.4
304.2
684.6
870.5
869.3
880.0
862.7
426.1
460.2
530.0
585.8
638.6
548.2
642.4
643.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
15.9
26.9
26.6
24.8
27.2
0.6
2.5
5.4
16.0
14.6
14.2
14.9
14.9
Solar
0.7
0.5 e
0.6 e
0.6 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Wind
3.1
5.9
7.1
10.9
12.1
1453.9
1668.7
1961.1
2410.5
3127.8
3015.4
3103.1
3134.8
804.6
942.3
1302.7
1781.9
2247.1
2100.0
2156.0
2195.9
241.8
345.0
277.0
147.1
133.2
146.4
121.5
155.0
407.2
381.1
379.7
391.3
667.8
695.9
746.3
704.1
Nuclear
Hydro
of which:
Geothermal
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
0.6 e
0.3
0.3
1.8
90.2
79.8
73.0
79.3
79.8
1925.3
2235.7
2800.7
3700.7
4658.1
4454.8
4652.0
4668.5
78.3
107.7
147.4
203.2
255.0
147.8
211.6
217.2
1847.1
2128.0
2653.3
3497.5
4403.1
4307.0
4440.4
4451.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
22.8
32.0
35.2
33.6
35.7
Imports
10.4
19.1
33.1
40.3
63.9
54.6
52.5
54.8
Exports
10.5
18.9
33.6
38.7
65.7
55.7
49.7
55.1
1846.7
2128.0
2652.6
3476.3
4369.4
4270.7
4409.6
4415.3
162.9
188.9
245.3
330.8
213.8
337.9
318.0
276.4 e
51.1
51.7
78.5
93.9
112.2
120.5
119.8
118.5
1632.6
1887.4
2328.7
3051.6
3980.8
3936.4
3951.9
3978.8
1925.2
2235.6
2800.6
3684.8
4631.2
4428.3
4627.2
4641.2
1925.3
2235.9
2800.2
3702.3
4656.3
4453.7
4654.8
4668.2
1683.8
1939.1
2407.3
3145.5
4093.0 e
4056.9
4071.7
4097.3

IEA North America

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
2240.85
2800.60
3684.76
4631.17
4627.17
4641.25
4715.53
3.2
1.8
Coal
899.47
1302.68
1781.87
2247.09
2156.00
2195.86
2184.46
4.4
1.5
Oil
332.28
277.01
147.12
133.17
121.54
154.97
154.50
-5.0
0.4
Gas
355.54
379.66
391.32
667.76
746.27
704.12
753.96
0.6
4.8
-1.0

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.26
1.76
90.23
79.81
79.30
79.83
77.95
44.0
135.95
304.22
684.56
870.52
880.05
862.71
903.75
10.6
2.0
2.60
5.35
16.01
14.62
14.94
14.87
14.80
12.0
-0.6
10.9
3.76
16.07
514.74
529.93
569.89
611.71
617.59
616.17
610.04
0.6
0.5
0.11
0.10
15.92
26.89
24.83
27.23
26.76
36.7
3.8
Total
2201.78
2761.93
3412.23
4392.14
4413.12
4426.44
..
2.8
..
Coal
899.29
1302.61
1756.80 e 2191.76 e 2129.65 e 2171.06 e
..
4.3
..
Oil
328.77
274.58
139.82
124.56
107.53
136.96
..
-5.2
..
Gas
352.90
375.47
287.44
574.61
654.15
612.93
..
-1.3
..
0.26
0.46
2.23
33.35
32.89
33.63
..
14.3
..
135.95
304.22
684.44
870.52
880.05
862.71
..
10.6
..
2.60
5.35
9.10
14.62
14.94
14.87
..
8.1
..
0.03
11.49 e
12.72 e
..
..
482.01
499.25
532.38
576.22
582.43
581.57
..
0.6
..
0.11
0.10
15.92
26.89
24.83
27.23
..
36.7
..
39.07
38.67
272.53
239.03
214.05
214.81
Hydro
6.49 e
11.49 e
12.72 e
of which:

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
6.49 e
Autoproducers
Total
Coal
0.18 e
0.07 e
Oil
3.52
Gas
..
12.9
..
26.35 e
24.80 e
..
36.0
..
14.01
18.02
..
4.7
..
93.16 e
92.12 e
91.19 e
..
25.8
..
46.45 e
46.41 e
46.20 e
25.07 e
55.32 e
2.43
7.30 e
8.61
2.64
4.19
103.89 e
1.30
88.00 e
..
..
Nuclear
0.12
..
..
Geothermal
6.92
..
..
3.73
..
..
32.73
30.68
37.51
35.49
35.16
34.60
..
0.9
..
..
..
Hydro

IEA North America

(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
43140
127893
439406
357759
387381
383004
378860
80-95 95-04
16.7
Coal
..
..
116077
81572
56457
53772
56919
..
-7.6
Oil
..
..
45985
9181
11249
21386
20613
..
-8.5
Gas
..
..
246181
239876
301406
283484
277124
..
1.3
..
..
28551
27130
18269
24362
24204
..
-1.8
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
2612
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
Total
43140
114248
171977
357759
Coal
..
..
45888 e
Oil
..
..
27698
Gas
..
..
95767
..
..
12
27130
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
2612
-1.6
of which:
387381
383004
..
9.7
..
81572 e
56457
53772
..
..
..
9181 e
11249
21386
..
..
..
239876 e 301406
283484
..
..
..
18269
24362
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
..
Total
13645
267429
..
..
Coal
..
..
..
..
..
Autoproducers
70189 e
Oil
..
..
18287
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
150414
..
..
..
..
..
28539
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
IEA North America

(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1925.35
2235.71
2240.96
2800.70
3700.68
4658.06
4454.85
4652.00
4668.48
44.82
104.42
135.95
304.22
684.56
870.52
869.30
880.05
862.71
426.09
460.16
514.85
530.03
585.81
638.61
548.16
642.42
643.39
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.12
0.11
0.10
15.92
26.89
26.59
24.83
27.23
0.59
2.45
2.60
5.35
16.01
14.62
14.25
14.94
14.87
Solar
0.67
0.55 e
0.59 e
0.59 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Wind
3.07
5.91
7.14
10.87
12.12
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
0.57 e
1453.85
1668.68
1587.56
1961.10
2410.54
3127.83
3015.38
3103.10
3134.78
of which:
Coal
804.62
942.27
899.47
1302.68
1781.87
2247.09
2100.03
2156.00
2195.86
Oil
241.82
345.05
332.28
277.01
147.12
133.17
146.43
121.54
154.97
Gas
407.16
381.07
355.54
379.66
391.32
667.76
695.90
746.27
704.12
0.26
0.30
0.26
1.76
90.23
79.81
73.03
79.30
79.83

(1)
1847.05
2128.01
2146.87
2653.31
3497.49
4403.08
4307.03
4440.42
4451.25
Nuclear
..
..
127.84
287.00
645.81
822.57
841.18
851.32
834.39
Hydro
..
..
511.63
527.02
580.01
630.06
538.27
602.78
601.60
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.11
0.10
15.76
26.63
26.32
24.59
26.96
Geothermal
..
..
2.45
5.07
15.11
14.09
13.74
14.49
14.42
Solar
..
..
0.66
0.51
0.56
0.58
0.56
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Wind
..
..
3.04
5.86
7.07
10.76
12.00
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
1504.95
1834.22
2252.84
2929.96
2906.18
2960.47
2988.26

IEA North America

(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
397.37
458.50
574.31
728.80
718.39
726.66
725.64
2.2
1.8
Coal
225.21
307.07
411.36 e
528.80 e
514.44 e
515.44
519.74
3.6
1.8
Oil
84.23
63.74
30.79
32.57
32.98
28.37
36.53
-5.7
1.3
Gas
87.66
87.34
91.60 e
144.23 e
147.60
155.04
143.55
0.3
3.5
40.56 e
23.20 e
27.80
25.82
34.3
-3.4
0.27
0.34 e
23.37 e

Total
..
457.50
504.66
675.46
669.82
680.61
679.74
..
2.3
Coal
..
307.06
406.91
516.94 e
506.59 e
508.03
512.73
..
1.8
Oil
..
63.47
30.59
20.84
22.19
22.78
28.54
..
-0.5
Gas
..
86.86
66.58
127.14 e
130.25
137.28
125.60
..
5.0
10.55
10.79
12.52
12.87
..
26.88
..
0.11
0.58 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
29.42
84.37
192.60
239.57
239.01
237.16
232.61
11.7
27.31
79.77
178.78
226.86
226.54
229.35
224.83
11.7
1.8
2.11
4.60
13.77
12.57
12.32
7.67
7.64
11.7
-4.4
0.06
0.14 e
0.14 e
7.1
39.56
45.57
49.28
53.12
45.47
54.05
54.04
1.3
0.7
39.56
45.57
49.01
52.61
44.86
53.11
52.99
1.3
0.6
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 e
0.00 e
1.9
Wind
0.26
0.51
0.61
0.93
1.04 e
11.2
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.13 e
0.14 e
1.5
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
IEA North America

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
1454.97
1475.70
1467.57
1757.49
1723.07
1741.04
1768.58
0.1
1.4
78.97
60.49
57.47
34.84
35.04
33.54
34.89
-1.9
-3.8
777.51
778.48
768.40
898.70
906.89
915.94
935.67
-0.1
1.5
391.04
373.63
346.29
413.30
383.82
396.08
397.53
-0.7
1.1
45.04
61.80
29.85
60.25
51.06
47.10
49.54
-2.4
4.0
0.34
0.52
0.57
0.60
0.95
8.4
1.44
1.36
1.33
1.29
162.32
200.27
262.44
342.35
338.53
339.86
342.17
2.9
2.1
0.10
1.03
2.79
6.09
5.81
6.59
6.53
21.9
6.8
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
485.70
489.53
398.60
495.11
458.21
463.04
460.45
-1.2
1.1
64.85
52.34
47.55
32.28
32.35
30.80
32.30
-1.8
-2.9
132.66
150.84
102.75
119.84
116.97
118.21
118.25
-1.5
1.1
189.17
170.06
144.00
178.70
159.30
163.58
158.13
-1.6
0.7
34.28
39.45
14.71
43.50
36.93
34.32
36.27
-4.9
7.2
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
64.64
75.84
88.97
115.71
107.75
110.61
110.01
1.9
1.6
0.10
1.00
0.63
4.98
4.79
5.41
5.36
11.7
17.9
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
454.61
477.89
546.23
663.68
662.06
676.19
688.52
1.1
1.8
0.12
437.00
461.04
527.29
641.16
640.21
653.01
666.67
1.1
1.8
16.84
16.38
18.31
19.93
19.25
20.48
19.83
0.5
0.6
1.81
1.83
1.99
1.28
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.65
0.46
0.64
0.77
0.77
0.71
0.74
-0.1
1.2
17.58
16.23
17.87
18.53
19.56
19.03
17.21
0.1
-0.3
0.26
0.36
16.16
15.28
16.63
17.11
18.22
17.28
15.35
0.2
-0.6
0.27
0.50
0.59
0.50
0.48
0.49
-0.2
0.20
0.15
1.42
0.67
0.74
0.83
0.83
0.81
0.86
-3.8
1.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.8
IEA North America

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
165.93
3.41
55.38
65.82
41.32
-
161.11
1.84
37.22
67.72
54.30
0.03
181.22
2.39
25.64
69.57
81.46
2.16 e
220.75
0.91 e
22.70
83.99
1.24
0.19
110.61
1.12 e
220.95
1.18 e
23.57
80.32
0.96
0.21
113.69
1.02 e
217.49
2.23
22.47
83.72
1.26
0.22
106.41
1.19 e
223.77
1.97
25.60 e
85.73
1.40
0.38
107.52
1.17 e
0.5
-2.1
-4.4
0.3
4.1
-
1.6
-1.5
-0.0
1.6
2.2
-4.6
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
263.98
3.34
85.25
119.20
1.91
54.28
-
244.55
1.65
52.81
119.19
1.91 e
69.00
-
239.10
1.52
31.43
113.91
1.61
90.63
0.00
295.33
1.39 e
35.55
130.09
12.21
0.22
1.44
114.44
-
288.52
1.29 e
34.99
124.45
10.69
0.24
1.36
115.49
-
293.26
0.02 e
33.17
127.82
9.33
0.26
1.33
121.33
-
303.08
0.02 e
34.50
133.35
10.44
0.45
1.29
123.04
-
-0.6
-4.5
-5.7
-0.3
-1.0
3.1
-
1.8
-27.7
0.7
1.2
15.5
2.4
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
17.44
7.24
1.35
8.85
-
24.97
4.53
20.44
-
19.57
5.69
13.54
0.34
-
1.50
1.50
-
0.64
0.64
-
0.7
-1.4
2.5
-
Heat

IEA North America

1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1454.97
1475.70
1429.39
1467.57
1569.52
1757.49
1723.07
1741.04
1768.58
Total Industry
485.70
489.53
434.15
398.60
415.24
495.11
458.21
463.04
460.45
Iron and Steel
47.53
36.73
24.08
21.94
29.57
32.38
28.55
25.99
25.60
68.67
77.23
69.55
138.16
173.99
206.18
190.14
192.44
188.42
Non-ferrous Metals
TFC
12.60
15.90
12.24
10.50
21.60
24.97
22.76
22.69
22.16
8.08
12.16
12.91
11.80
23.25
25.73
24.78
24.43
23.95
Transport Equipment
5.12
5.12
4.52
4.23
8.38
13.26
12.08
12.01
11.44
Machinery
5.14
7.03
10.62
11.45
21.35
24.84
23.65
23.20
22.22
4.62
8.76
9.22
8.35
9.54
11.25
10.75
11.10
12.91
26.90
Food and Tobacco

8.29
8.90
8.22
9.24
22.99
27.45
27.50
27.39
31.56
32.68
29.44
32.88
54.84
74.58
67.30
66.97
68.56
2.36
3.08
3.13
2.78
13.25
13.66
13.22
11.94
11.78
Construction
1.16
0.91
2.50
1.93
1.69
2.56
2.78
2.94
4.07
5.40
4.31
3.76
8.71
8.67
8.24
7.33
7.67
Non Specified/Other
287.65
275.37
245.00
141.01
25.83
30.45
26.68
34.76
35.89
919.55
924.75
939.54
1003.97
1089.30
1199.78
1191.73
1205.97
1232.58
17.58
16.23
20.06
17.87
19.26
18.53
19.56
19.03
17.21
165.93
161.11
168.03
181.22
197.42
220.75
220.95
217.49
223.77
Textile and Leather
Agriculture
Residential
263.98
244.55
234.08
239.10
278.20
295.33
288.52
293.26
303.08
Transport
454.61
477.89
489.76
546.23
594.02
663.68
662.06
676.19
688.52

Non-Energy Use(1)
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
17.44
24.97
27.62
19.57
0.41
1.50
0.64
49.71
61.42
55.70
65.00
64.99
62.60
73.13
72.03
75.55
162.32
200.27
225.28
262.44
300.02
342.35
338.53
339.86
342.17
64.64
75.84
79.89
88.97
105.45
115.71
107.75
110.61
110.01
6.00
6.70
5.78
6.98
6.77
7.38
6.79
6.76
6.47
12.89
14.20
16.20
19.19
22.81
24.28
23.71
23.93
22.89
Non-ferrous Metals
12.31
10.58
12.66
9.03
7.98
11.37
12.49
12.15
12.33
2.71
3.04
3.25
3.11
3.33
3.60
3.71
3.64
3.56
Transport Equipment
2.66
2.84
3.28
3.30
3.43
5.18
4.93
4.96
4.84
Machinery
4.46
5.36
9.20
10.30
10.04
11.83
11.63
11.26
10.83
2.98
3.33
4.50
5.36
5.79
6.06
5.72
5.57
5.57
Food and Tobacco
3.55
4.08
5.02
5.13
5.84
6.52
6.89
6.84
6.93
6.54
8.22
12.79
15.06
16.99
16.75
16.50
16.42
16.35
1.65
1.96
2.58
2.47
2.49
2.83
2.65
2.60
2.52
Textile and Leather
3.16
3.07
3.22
3.21
3.58
3.28
3.17
2.31
2.88
Non Specified/Other
7.46
10.40
5.03
6.87
13.02
15.50 e
9.89
13.99
14.85
97.68
124.44
145.38
173.47
194.57
226.64
230.78
229.26
232.16
1.42
0.67
0.76
0.74
0.81
0.83
0.83
0.81
0.86
41.32
54.30
66.85
81.46
92.13
110.61
113.69
106.41
107.52
Residential
54.28
69.00
77.19
90.63
100.97
114.44
115.49
121.33
123.04
0.65
0.46
0.58
0.64
0.66
0.77
0.77
0.71
0.74
Construction
Agriculture
Transport

IEA North America

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1939.14
2407.27
3145.54
4093.00
4056.86
4071.67
4097.28
2.9
2.1
751.66
881.81
1034.49
1345.42
1252.89
1286.14
1279.23
1.9
1.6
Transport
7.52
5.38
7.40
8.94
8.90
8.26
8.59
-0.1
1.2
Agriculture
16.54
7.84
8.64
9.60
9.69
9.36
10.01
-3.8
1.1
480.48
631.37
947.25
1286.14
1321.99
1237.33
1250.24
4.1
2.2
Residential
Energy(1)
631.22
802.32
1053.85
1330.68
1342.89
1410.81
1430.71
3.1
2.4
51.73
78.54
93.92
112.22
120.51
119.78
118.51
3.6
1.8
166.77
207.03
270.52
352.00
348.89
350.16
352.37
2.9
2.1


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
751.66
881.81
1034.49
1345.42
1252.89
1286.14
1279.23
1.9
90-03
1.6
69.75
77.89
81.22
85.80
78.98
78.61
75.27
0.9
-0.6
149.87
165.15
223.13
282.31
275.74
278.28
266.18
2.4
1.4
Non-Ferrous Metals
123.06
147.17
92.78
145.28
141.30
143.36
143.12
-1.6
3.4
31.48
35.31
36.20
41.90
43.19
42.30
41.40
0.8
1.0
Transport Equipment
30.92
33.01
38.38
60.18
57.35
57.70
56.25
1.3
3.0
Machinery
51.85
62.32
119.78
137.54
135.28
130.90
125.92
5.0
0.4
34.69
38.71
62.33
70.43
66.52
64.78
64.81
3.5
0.3
Food and Tobacco
41.25
47.39
59.62
75.83
80.11
79.54
80.57
2.2
2.3
76.08
95.53
175.09
194.82
191.84
190.90
190.15
5.0
0.6
19.20
22.74
28.75
32.85
30.77
30.27
29.34
2.4
0.2
Construction
36.73
35.65
37.34
38.19
36.84
26.85
33.52
0.1
-0.8
Non Specified/Other
86.79
120.95
79.88
180.29 e
114.99
162.64
172.69
-0.5
6.1
115.71
107.75
110.61
110.01
1.9
1.6

64.64
75.84
88.97
IEA North America

(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
19.10
33.12
48.59
40.29
54.18
63.93
54.62
52.46
54.85
33.12
48.59
40.29
54.18
63.93
54.62
52.46
54.85
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
30.18
45.66
20.56
44.50
48.52
38.40
36.13
29.32
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
0.24
1.95
2.26
0.08
0.10
0.24
1.07
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
2.94
2.69
17.78
7.42
15.34
16.12
16.09
24.46
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
IEA North America

(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
18.86
33.65
47.98
38.66
52.59
65.66
55.72
49.68
55.12
33.65
47.98
38.66
52.59
65.66
55.72
49.68
55.12
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
3.46
4.81
19.94
7.99
12.69
16.11
13.00
23.58
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
0.15
0.59
1.15
1.99
0.37
0.57
0.39
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
30.18
43.02
18.13
43.44
50.98
39.24
36.12
31.15
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
IEA North America

(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
471.76
699.70
747.29
788.48
815.02
725.09
984.75
1047.50
1100.59

Total Capacity
Nuclear
34.33
62.36
91.44
113.16
115.91
108.48
115.55
115.55
116.03
Hydro
32.38
118.27
140.26
145.98
156.96
154.90
157.49
157.18
156.94
0.19
21.56
19.70
18.51
19.47
18.81
Geothermal
1.01
1.58
1.61
1.75
2.79
3.00
3.01
3.02
Solar
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.57
0.42
0.42
0.42
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02
0.02
Wind
0.00
0.03
2.47
4.05
4.69
6.45

Combustible Fuels
0.05
405.05
518.07
513.98
527.70
540.30
455.87
704.21
766.63
817.72
330.97
of which:
Single-fired:
183.38
252.45
250.01
281.52
275.25
263.75
332.32
333.60
Liquid Fuels
84.35
112.17
66.77
62.06
54.31
25.43
43.35
42.24
40.06
Natural Gas
60.51
68.91
14.94
17.56
18.21
32.07
124.16
178.24
224.58
0.06
0.15
0.12
0.34
0.17
5.65
5.65
7.37

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.51 e
12.40
15.09
28.44
8.13
12.48
Solid / Natural Gas
13.71
14.04
26.15
27.56
33.43
..
..
..
..
48.20
51.93
125.21
127.40
143.33
104.50
168.68
176.72
188.41
2.46
3.33
2.35
3.14
3.14
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA North America

(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.87
7.86
6.20
49.25
76.82
198.83
41.92
42.70
44.05
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.02
4.40
6.00
4.31
5.77
7.85
11.39
5.41
6.03
5.83
0.00
0.00
Geothermal
1.06
1.22
Solar
0.34
0.40
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
1.91
1.72
1.47
1.86
1.89
40.17
65.63
187.44
36.50
36.67
38.22
Hydro
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.07
0.36
0.10
6.85
1.11
57.30 e
6.70
6.72
7.02
Liquid Fuels
0.76
0.77
0.73
1.11
1.68
10.13
1.27
0.96
1.16
Natural Gas
0.63
0.38
0.60
19.32
22.18
63.68
16.73
16.11
20.16
0.36
0.46
8.16
2.30
9.76 e
5.38
5.93
7.76

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
3.18
Solid / Natural Gas
2.13
4.73
12.44
42.99
1.76
2.18
2.13
20.61
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
IEA Europe
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
1292.24
1362.10
1499.58
1662.29
1693.95
1725.35
1752.58
0.9
1.1
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
4663.42
5468.08
6954.92
8613.86
8854.94
8941.92
9157.00
2.4
2.0
0.28
0.25
0.22
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
-1.5
-0.8
TPES/population(2)
416.92
432.69
453.71
477.71
483.10
485.57
487.39
0.5
0.5
3.10
3.15
3.31
3.48
3.51
3.55
3.60
0.4
0.6
100
90
78
70
69
70
69
-1.5
-0.8
100
108
110
110
110
112
..
0.6
..
3046
3703
4608
5391
5493
5606
..
2.5
..
1519.67
1904.82
2468.15
3013.59
3087.10
3161.95
3217.87
2.9
1.9
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
1292.24
1362.10
1499.58
1662.29
1693.95
1725.35
1752.58
0.9
1.1
Coal
342.71
355.80
353.39
266.00
261.67
269.67
270.83
0.2
-1.9
Oil
742.04
679.52
608.47
662.20
669.81
666.62
675.44
-1.2
0.7
Gas
127.00
195.03
243.96
375.02
391.86
412.49
422.45
3.9
4.0
Comb. Renew & Waste
29.53
34.29
49.82
64.56
67.96
72.27
74.15
3.1
2.9
Nuclear
19.32
58.87
200.83
239.31
248.67
250.90
252.85
14.8
1.7
TPES (Mtoe)
90-04
2.18
2.37
3.68
5.47
5.62
6.27
6.45
3.1
4.1
0.05
0.05
0.29
2.84 e
4.19 e
5.00 e
6.25
11.2
24.5
29.01
35.09
37.51
45.41 e
41.38
39.07
41.38
1.5
0.7
0.40
1.08
1.63
1.12
2.40
2.75
2.46
8.6
3.0
0.00
Heat
0.36
0.38
0.32
0.32
54.2
Geothermal
Hydro

IEA Europe
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
50.9
74.1
225.9
770.1
918.1
946.9
954.1
962.6
326.2
344.8
418.0
453.2
555.7
553.2
513.0
489.1
7.3
7.4
9.9
17.1
28.2
31.9
34.7
2.7
2.5
2.7
3.3
4.9
4.7
4.9
5.5
0.0
0.1 e
0.2 e
0.3 e
0.5 e
of which:
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
27.7 e
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
Wind
0.0
0.8
22.3
26.8
36.4
44.4
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.2
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
947.5
1105.2
1267.8
1257.2
1538.4
1564.0
1608.6
553.1
575.8
764.6
874.6
803.0
812.0
807.5
1692.8 e
314.7
404.8
356.6
202.4
178.8
170.7
185.0
161.8
74.0
118.3
135.7
164.9
508.1
528.7
556.9
606.0
860.3
5.7
6.2
10.9
15.3
48.5
52.7
59.2
1327.8
1527.1
1914.8
2485.2
3041.3
3097.5
3119.0
3196.7
71.1
80.3
98.9
133.9
142.4
144.0
145.7
144.8
1256.7
1446.8
1815.8
2351.3
2898.9
2953.5
2973.2
3051.9
0.4
3.0
2.2
2.2
3.0 e
64.8 e
0.3
2.5
2.3
1.8
0.7
11.7
12.9
16.4
25.8
39.8 e
38.5
45.9
44.9
Imports
53.1
63.3
98.9
196.8
268.5
275.9 e
295.7 e
303.3 e
Exports
48.0
58.6
86.3
177.8
255.5
250.6 e
267.9 e
1250.0
1438.5
1811.9
2343.8
2866.6
95.7
107.5
131.0
163.4
2934.9
208.5 e
210.6 e
271.4 e
3035.9
220.1 e
54.9
61.5
79.2
90.5
85.0
87.9
94.7
1099.4
1269.5
1601.8
2089.9
2574.4
2640.5
2652.7
2721.2
1320.5
1519.7
1904.8
2468.1
3013.6 e
3069.3
3087.1
3161.9
1332.9
1531.7
1927.3
2504.2
3054.4
3122.8 e
3146.8 e
3228.6 e
1154.3
1331.0
1681.0
2180.4
2658.1 e
2725.5 e
2740.6 e
2815.8 e
83.7 e
209.3 e
2951.2

IEA Europe
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
1552.70
1904.82
2468.15
3013.59
3087.10
3161.95
3217.87
2.9
1.9
Coal
557.38
764.62
874.61
803.02
807.52
860.30
839.23
2.9
-0.3
Oil
390.16
356.58
202.40
178.79
184.99
161.78
139.43
-4.0
-2.6
Gas
150.19
135.70
164.88
508.10
556.88
605.99
646.77
0.6
10.3
12.0

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
6.62
10.86
15.31
48.51
59.22
75.08
5.4
85.95
225.86
770.14
918.13
954.07
962.61
970.07
14.7
1.7
2.50
2.67
3.31
4.86
4.87
5.52
5.61
1.8
3.8
31.1
38.39 e
64.76 e
0.60
0.51
1.36
24.18 e
60.51
5.3
359.31
408.02
436.14
528.00 e
481.16
454.35
46.63 e
481.16
1.2
0.7
7.83
9.95
17.09
27.75 e
31.88
34.72
32.95
5.0
4.8
1308.43
2852.98
2899.29
of which:
Total
1665.26
2243.23
..
3.4
..
Coal
440.81 e
660.35
782.50
757.05 e
770.05 e
819.03 e
..
3.7
..
Oil
329.86 e
301.58
168.27
143.33 e
150.62 e
119.67 e
..
-4.1
..
Gas
123.72
108.33
120.70
412.81 e
451.80 e
485.32 e
..
-0.2
..

Nuclear
2.29
4.10 e
4.37
2773.98
15.83 e
..
4.1
..
962.61
..
15.0
..
4.87
5.52
..
1.8
..
36.60 e
44.44 e
..
5.1
..
436.57
..
1.2
..
31.82
34.64
..
5.0
..
234.12
262.66
..
-0.5
..
..
-1.5
..
764.61
2.50
2.67
3.31
4.86
0.60
0.51
1.33
22.77 e
326.95
366.50
398.16
499.19 e
462.46
7.83
9.95
17.06
27.65 e
Total
244.27
239.56
224.91
Coal
116.57
104.27
92.11 e
45.97 e
37.48 e
41.27 e
Hydro
954.07
26.14 e
221.22
Geothermal
918.13
22.52 e
81.72
Autoproducers
239.62
Oil
60.30 e
55.00
34.12 e
35.46 e
34.37 e
42.11 e
..
-3.5
..
Gas
26.48
27.38
44.18 e
95.29 e
105.08 e
120.67 e
..
3.3
..
32.68
36.70 e
38.63 e
4.33
6.76
10.94 e
Nuclear
4.23
4.65
5.54
..
..
0.03
1.41
1.79
2.19
..
..
32.36
41.52
37.99
28.81
18.70
17.78
..
1.0
..

0.04
0.10
0.06
0.08
..
..
Geothermal
Hydro
..
6.0
..
..
1.7
..
IEA Europe
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
752360
946761
1198016
1274088
1304421
1411063
1410065
80-95 95-04
3.1
1.8
Coal
..
..
476295
407813
360776
390335
381824
..
-2.4
-6.1
Oil
..
..
130946
94803
83679
83899
74253
..
Gas
..
..
373860
493667
561769
609803
616587
..
5.7
..
..
173673 e
235742
258214 e
293739
305217
..
6.5
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
1721
1516
1463
1542
1813
..
0.6
12.1
Geothermal
..
..
402
654
748
1176
1128
..
Solar
..
..
2629
3646
3226
3156
3281
..
2.5
Heat Pumps
..
..
25400
27333
28239
24810
23745
..
-0.7
Electric Boilers
..
..
13090
8914
6307
2603
2217
..
-17.9
Total
708332
888295
1088600
1052804
1096664
1213052
Coal
..
..
453670
Oil
..
..
120116
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
1721
1516
Geothermal
..
..
402
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
Total
Coal
of which:
..
2.9
..
365056 e
..
..
..
66633 e
71853 e
..
..
..
352131 e
414808 e 487947 e
535270 e
..
..
..
122208 e
157650
210886
..
..
..
..
..
..
1463
1542
..
..
..
654
748
1176
..
..
..
24
37
51
..
..
..
25265
27255
28129
24615
..
..
..
..
13081
8891
6306
2603
..
..
..
44028
58466
109416
221284
207757
198011
..
6.3
..
..
..
22625
30584
34108
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
10830
30026
17046
12046
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
21729
78859
73822
74533
..
..
..
..
..
51465
78092
79481
82853 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
2623
3622
3189
3105
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
135
78
110
195
..
..
..
23
..
..
..
377229 e 326668 e
64777 e
178733 e
Autoproducers
Electric Boilers
..
..
9
25279 e
IEA Europe
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1327.78
1527.08
1560.53
1914.77
2485.24
3041.34
3097.53
3118.98
3196.66
50.87
74.14
85.95
225.86
770.14
918.13
946.85
954.07
962.61
326.23
344.76
367.14
417.97
453.23
555.74
553.22
513.04
489.07
34.72
of which:
Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
..
7.42
7.83
9.95
17.09
28.21
31.88
2.66
2.48
2.50
2.67
3.31
27.75 e
4.86
4.70
4.87
5.52
0.01
0.13 e
0.20 e
0.29 e
0.47 e
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.50
0.57
0.57
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.01
0.78
22.31
26.85
36.40
44.38
1.17
1.12
1.17
947.51
1105.15
1104.35
1267.76
1257.20
1538.42
1564.04
1608.61
1.24
1692.83 e
of which:
Coal
553.12
575.83
557.38
764.62
874.61
803.02
811.96
807.52
860.30
Oil
314.69
404.79
390.16
356.58
202.40
178.79
170.75
184.99
161.78
73.99
118.32
150.19
135.70
164.88
508.10
528.67
556.88
605.99
5.70
6.22
6.62
10.86
15.31
48.51
52.66
59.22
Gas
(1)
64.76 e
1256.70
1446.79
1481.58
1815.82
2351.31
2898.90
2953.48
2973.23
3051.86
Nuclear
..
..
78.84
211.17
715.33
870.52
898.79
906.65
915.14
Hydro
..
..
362.76
411.03
446.05
550.03 e
547.24
508.24
484.20
27.39 e
34.39
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
7.73
9.80
16.79
27.93
31.57
Geothermal
..
..
2.35
2.57
3.13
4.56
4.44
4.58
5.21
Solar
..
..
0.01 e
0.13 e
0.20 e
0.29 e
0.47 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.59
0.49
0.56
0.57
0.54
0.53
0.53
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.78
22.28
26.78
36.31
44.31
..
..
1.13
1.08
1.13
1.19
Combustible Fuels
..
..
1126.88 e 1449.69 e 1474.42
1515.50
1600.80
996.90 e 1141.49

for Czech Republic before 1992.
IEA Europe
(Mtoe)
1973
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
277.56
319.97
310.07
346.61
354.43
364.47
381.64
0.7
1.6
156.55 e
199.37 e
216.69 e
188.17 e
193.83 e
195.34
202.21
1.9
-0.5
Oil
91.31
83.15 e
46.21 e
40.68 e
38.74 e
38.53
35.13
-3.9
-2.1
Gas
27.44
32.76
38.99 e
99.66 e
102.11 e
109.48
120.33
2.1
9.1
8.18 e
18.10 e
19.76 e
21.11
23.98
7.9
8.6
Combustible Fuels
Total
Coal
2.26 e
4.68 e

Total
..
274.91
268.06
300.80
310.91
320.79
331.11
..
1.6
Coal
..
174.59 e
194.79 e
176.51 e
183.78 e
185.52
191.75
..
-0.1
Oil
..
71.44 e
39.27 e
34.01 e
32.92 e
33.24
28.08
..
-2.5
Gas
..
27.15
30.71
82.22 e
85.10 e
91.76
98.88
..
9.4
8.06 e
9.12 e
10.27
12.40
..
10.75
..
1.73 e
3.29 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
21.45
61.17
203.67
243.50
250.85
252.88
255.69
14.2
1.8
19.32
58.87
200.83
239.31
246.79
248.67
250.90
14.8
1.7
2.13
2.30
2.84
4.18 e
4.04 e
4.18 e
4.75
1.7
4.0
0.00
0.01 e
0.02 e
0.03 e
0.04 e
32.0
29.06
35.13
37.62
47.48
47.60
44.66
43.04
1.5
1.0
29.01
35.09
37.51
45.41 e
45.15
41.38
39.07
1.5
0.3
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.1
-0.4
0.00
0.07
1.92
2.31
3.13
3.82
36.5
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.11
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
IEA Europe
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
972.95
1007.59
1067.66
1189.26
1208.84
1200.05
1235.16
0.5
1.1
141.06
115.18
103.94
47.22
42.81
40.88
42.18
-1.8
-6.7
586.83
551.69
530.33
590.04
598.36
594.85
603.85
-0.6
1.0
100.85
157.31
191.52
255.16
263.34
259.32
274.43
3.8
2.8
27.25
29.55
41.59
46.38
46.73
46.78
48.14
2.5
1.1
0.05
0.07
0.84
1.27
1.36
1.41
1.47
18.0
4.4
0.01
0.17
0.67
0.74
0.81
0.92
13.6
109.18
137.76
179.73
221.40
227.09
228.13
234.02
3.0
2.1
7.73
16.02
19.54
27.12
28.41
27.88
30.16
5.6
3.4
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
385.53
370.79
352.23
370.48
366.52
365.94
372.82
-0.5
0.4
77.06
66.18
64.81
38.81
35.11
33.85
35.16
-1.0
-4.6
188.30
154.00
104.17
108.17
108.41
107.66
109.73
-3.4
0.4
53.87
73.96
85.21
105.83
104.95
105.59
107.81
2.7
1.8
4.57
5.38
13.33
16.25
15.70
15.89
15.40
6.5
1.1
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.12
23.2
59.29
67.94
81.28
94.73
95.51
95.81
96.91
1.9
1.4
2.45
3.32
3.41
6.59
6.71
7.02
7.68
2.0
6.4
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
180.87
216.65
285.47
350.76
351.20
355.08
359.17
2.7
1.8
3.20
0.74
0.04
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.01
-23.2
-12.4
174.47
211.92
280.38
343.61
343.81
347.39
351.25
2.8
1.7
0.16
0.36
0.30
0.66
0.72
0.75
0.77
4.0
7.4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.58
0.66
0.91
1.04
-1.9
63.1
3.05
3.63
4.75
5.89
5.98
6.00
6.10
2.6
1.9
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
18.64
22.33
26.53
27.59
27.57
27.37
27.08
0.16
0.15
0.12 e
0.14 e
0.87 e
0.62 e
0.65 e
2.1
0.2
-1.7
-11.1
15.83 e
18.69
18.17
18.18 e
17.94 e
17.87 e
17.79 e
0.8
-0.2
0.06
0.30
3.90
4.42
4.48
4.46 e
4.01 e
27.7
0.2
0.07
0.13
0.46 e
0.61 e
0.67 e
0.66 e
0.69 e
12.0
3.1
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
35.0
6.6
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
36.0
1.73
2.52
3.17
3.92 e
4.03 e
3.96 e
4.16 e
3.6
2.1
0.26
0.27
0.26
0.26
3.8
3.7
0.09
0.07
0.16
IEA Europe
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
90.33
9.24 e
58.41 e
5.04
0.75
16.70
0.20
95.14
8.75 e
50.99 e
9.33
1.01
23.92
1.14
101.83
8.24 e
27.92 e
25.10
0.28 e
0.00
0.01
37.73
2.55
109.24
0.65
20.99
27.95
0.94
0.02
0.03
53.33
5.33
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
228.79
46.12 e
102.53 e
29.48
17.85
0.05
28.19
4.57
236.32
35.29 e
82.66 e
51.01
19.52 e
0.07
0.01
39.44
8.32
258.92
27.92 e
66.93 e
71.63
27.05
0.48
0.13 e
52.58
12.21
286.26
6.70
64.10
109.64
27.91
0.93
0.47
63.12
13.39
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
33.74
2.21 e
14.62
12.25 e
4.01
0.22
36.49
1.90 e
5.24
22.36 e
3.51
0.31
10.59
1.16
1.81 e
5.38
0.47 e
0.35
0.02 e
0.21
9.96
0.32
0.58 e
6.66
0.10 e
0.29
0.06 e
0.40
10.31
0.05
0.84 e
6.77
0.13 e
0.30
0.07
0.65
0.43 e
3.17 e
1.21 e
1.54 e
1.50 e
Heat
1990
2000
2001
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
2002
2003
117.54
0.62
23.89 e
30.68
1.07 e
0.02
0.04
55.59 e
5.63
114.69
0.54
22.26
29.56
1.16
0.02
0.04
56.11
5.01
121.80
0.86
23.44
32.69
1.34
0.03
0.05
58.38
5.01
300.36
6.28
68.68
115.73
28.51
1.02
0.51
65.34
14.29
291.42
5.74
63.52
112.85
28.03
1.06
0.57
65.62
14.02
e
e
e
e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
0.7
-0.7
-4.2
9.9
-5.7
4.9
16.3
1.4
-16.0
-1.3
2.1
12.9
24.7
10.4
3.4
5.3
0.7
-2.9
-2.5
5.4
2.5
14.2
3.7
6.0
1.3
-11.9
-0.3
4.2
0.7
6.8
14.1
2.0
1.9
9.79
0.06
0.91 e
6.11 e
0.13 e
0.30
0.08
0.63
11.11
0.05
1.16
7.03
0.17 e
0.29
0.02
0.72
-6.6
-3.7
-11.6
-4.7
-11.9
-0.4
0.4
-21.2
-3.4
2.1
-7.4
-1.3
-0.4
9.9
1.57 e
1.67 e
6.3
2.5
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
306.23
5.41
64.08
122.12
29.50
1.12
0.71
67.75
15.54
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e

IEA Europe
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
972.95
1007.59
1009.85
1067.66
1107.67
1189.26
1208.84
1200.05
1235.16
Total Industry
385.53
370.79
348.32
352.23
340.57
370.48
366.52
365.94
372.82
Iron and Steel
67.95
55.68
51.79
46.57
40.99
41.73
41.77
39.46
39.86
104.36
109.65
111.43
114.21
113.93
120.85
119.96
120.06
121.03
TFC

Non-ferrous Metals
11.84
13.98
13.11
12.93
11.68
13.19
13.30
13.31
13.50
40.97
40.59
35.36
37.24
36.61
39.02
39.08
37.85
39.99
Transport Equipment
7.62
7.47
7.88
7.47
7.32
8.40
8.65
8.43
8.74
20.16
20.64
20.43
20.72
18.30
18.88
19.18
19.01
19.58
6.67
6.03
6.07
4.95
3.03
2.90
2.98
3.07
2.88
Food and Tobacco
23.88
26.09
24.60
25.30
26.06
28.56
29.14
29.81
30.36
23.31
22.66
23.10
27.03
30.20
35.74
35.12
35.42
35.87
4.50
4.60
4.59
4.41
4.76
5.33
5.04
5.05
5.17
Construction
6.11
5.58
5.63
5.34
6.77
7.47
7.47
7.46
7.54
Textile and Leather
13.97
12.47
11.43
11.22
9.77
10.26
9.93
9.97
10.27
Non Specified/Other
54.19
45.36
32.90
34.83
31.14
38.15
34.88
37.05
38.04
825.39
Machinery
552.37
606.92
632.76
683.36
732.04
783.80
806.97
798.34
Agriculture
18.64
22.33
24.85
26.53
28.38
27.59
27.57
27.37
27.08
90.33
95.14
90.39
101.83
110.61
109.24
117.54
114.69
121.80
Residential
228.79
236.32
272.56
258.92
269.83
286.26
300.36
291.42
306.23
Transport
180.87
216.65
230.14
285.47
312.48
350.76
351.20
355.08
359.17

Non-Energy Use(1)
33.74
36.49
14.82
10.59
10.74
9.96
10.31
9.79
11.11
35.05
29.88
28.78
32.07
35.07
34.97
35.36
35.77
36.96
109.18
137.76
156.79
179.73
194.54
221.40
227.09
228.13
234.02
Total Industry
59.29
67.94
72.25
81.28
82.37
94.73
95.51
95.81
96.91
Iron and Steel
9.14
10.01
9.90
9.49
10.29
11.24 e
11.20 e
10.94 e
11.17 e
14.56
15.78
16.05
16.53
15.41
16.87 e
16.61 e
16.60 e
16.63 e
Non-ferrous Metals
6.00
7.85
7.48
7.84
6.86
7.84 e
8.08 e
8.02 e
8.31 e
3.75
4.41
4.31
5.35
6.03
6.72 e
6.89 e
6.84 e
7.06 e
Transport Equipment
2.13
2.62
2.93
2.93
3.27
3.82
3.83 e
3.83 e
3.85
Machinery
4.67
5.47
5.97
7.80
7.60
8.58 e
8.55 e
8.69 e
8.80 e
1.40
1.57
1.68
1.65
1.10
1.14 e
1.19 e
1.18 e
1.15
Food and Tobacco
3.08
4.15
5.12
6.45
7.30
8.44 e
8.62 e
8.75 e
8.95 e
5.55
6.25
7.22
9.04
10.16
11.85 e
11.92 e
12.04 e
12.20 e
0.96
1.28
1.19
1.65
1.86
1.83
1.87 e
1.88 e
1.90
Construction
0.49
0.64
0.67
0.82
1.05
1.09 e
1.14 e
1.18 e
1.23 e
Textile and Leather
3.25
3.26
3.44
3.64
3.57
3.99 e
3.99 e
4.06 e
4.10 e
Non Specified/Other
4.30
4.63
6.29
8.10
7.86
11.33 e
11.63 e
11.80 e
11.56 e
49.89
69.82
84.54
98.45
112.17
1.73
2.52
2.95
3.17
3.50
3.92 e
4.03 e
3.96 e
4.16 e
16.70
23.92
29.69
37.73
44.47
53.33 e
55.59 e
56.11 e
58.38 e
Residential
28.19
39.44
47.57
52.58
57.60
63.12 e
65.34 e
65.62 e
67.75
3.05
3.63
4.04
4.75
5.48
5.89
5.98
6.00
6.10

0.22
0.31
0.29
0.21
1.12
0.40
0.65
0.63
0.72
Agriculture
Transport
126.67
131.58
132.32
137.11
IEA Europe
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1331.03
1680.99
2180.37
2658.11
2725.53
2740.59
2815.84
2.9
2.0
1.4
689.38
789.95
945.14
1101.50
1110.52
1114.06
1126.90
1.9
Transport
35.44
42.17
55.23
68.54
69.49
69.82
70.91
2.6
1.9
Agriculture
20.06
29.28
36.88
45.60 e
46.84 e
46.04 e
48.36 e
3.6
2.1
194.22
278.18
438.74
620.14 e
646.34 e
652.39 e
678.89 e
4.9
3.4
Residential
Energy(1)
327.83
458.60
611.42
733.97 e
759.75 e
763.05 e
787.79
3.7
2.0
61.48
79.16
90.51
83.70
84.98 e
87.89 e
94.66 e
2.3
0.3
2.61
3.66
2.45
4.66
7.60
7.36
8.34
-0.4
9.9
228.60 e
234.40 e
235.69 e
242.16 e
2.9
2.0

114.47
144.56
187.51

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
689.38
789.95
945.14
1101.50
1110.52
1114.06
1126.90
1.9
1.4
Iron and Steel
106.33
116.41
110.32
130.69 e
130.22 e
127.23 e
129.89 e
0.2
1.3
169.34
183.55
192.24
196.17 e
193.14 e
192.97 e
193.41 e
0.7
0.0
69.80
91.31
91.14
91.21 e
93.94 e
93.28 e
96.60 e
1.6
0.4
Non-Ferrous Metals
43.57
51.31
62.19
78.19 e
80.08 e
79.48 e
82.05 e
2.1
2.2
Transport Equipment
24.74
30.43
34.03
44.40
44.57 e
44.57 e
44.78
1.9
2.1
Machinery
54.32
63.62
90.67
99.72 e
99.45 e
101.10 e
102.33 e
3.1
0.9
16.30
18.23
19.17
13.22 e
13.80 e
13.76 e
13.32
1.0
-2.8
Food and Tobacco
35.79
48.26
74.99
98.09 e
100.19 e
101.72 e
104.11 e
4.4
2.6
64.54
72.68
105.16
137.83 e
138.59 e
140.01 e
141.87 e
2.9
2.3
11.19
14.91
19.14
21.26
21.76 e
21.87 e
22.11
3.2
1.1
Construction
5.69
7.48
9.52
12.66 e
13.24 e
13.74 e
14.32 e
3.1
3.2
37.79
37.91
42.36
46.34 e
46.36 e
47.18 e
47.70 e
0.7
0.9
Non Specified/Other
49.99
53.86
94.22
131.73 e
135.20 e
137.16 e
134.42 e
3.8
2.8
94.73
95.51
95.81
96.91
1.9
1.4

59.29
67.94
81.28
IEA Europe
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
63.30
98.88
137.67
196.79
195.59
268.48
275.86
295.70
303.31
107.03
167.82
186.71
252.10
252.74
271.41
276.52
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
8.13
7.04
8.60
12.52
11.53 e
11.90 e
10.33 e
Belgium
3.53
4.49
3.55
4.50
4.81
10.31 e
12.36 e
Canada
Czech Republic
2.98
4.43
14.32
14.99 e
17.12 e
20.37 e
11.10 e
15.65 e
Denmark
2.61
4.94
5.65
8.18
8.88 e
Finland
0.88
0.36
0.28
1.00
2.83
3.02
8.47
France
27.77
55.50
77.74
77.72
75.18 e
80.76 e
71.66
Germany
14.66
22.16
23.27
37.91
40.81
36.50
44.63 e
Greece
0.01
0.50
1.13
Hungary
0.21
0.31
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Ireland
0.03
Italy
0.34
0.25
0.36
0.47
0.61
0.72 e
0.54 e
Luxembourg
0.42
0.97
0.78
0.74
1.15 e
2.92 e
2.79 e
Mexico
Netherlands
0.89
3.50
3.90
4.03
5.19 e
4.32 e
15.00
3.92 e
Norway
4.44
16.41
8.57
20.49
Poland
3.28
4.93
7.15
7.96
9.17 e
Portugal
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.47
3.43
Slovak Republic
1.52
0.78
2.48
8.82
9.52
10.26
Spain
4.89
3.61
3.03
5.29
4.98
5.56 e
6.59 e
Sweden
6.95
14.61
8.63
12.53
15.65 e
13.24 e
11.01 e
Switzerland
25.44
23.35
26.17
29.79
33.95 e
32.58 e
32.59 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.05
0.05
1.23
1.70
United States
Total Non-OECD
30.64
28.97
8.88
16.38
23.12
24.29
26.79
Albania
0.08
0.17
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.05
Bulgaria
1.48
0.32
0.65
4.36
6.18
6.76
4.40
Romania
0.28
Former USSR
16.19
16.87
6.51
10.27
11.20
16.10
6.43 e
7.16
9.21 e
2.12 e
5.60
12.36
3.10
9.05
3.77 e
Belarus
Georgia
0.87
0.18
0.20
0.52
0.09
4.84 e
Russian Federation
4.27
4.53
4.76
7.89
8.16
11.51
Turkmenistan
0.02
Ukraine
11.06
12.16
1.59
1.55
1.86
2.95
4.56
1.72
2.26
1.31
5.17
6.36
6.26
5.57
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
0.94
0.83

Slovenia
0.54
0.89
0.50
0.61
1.13
1.18
1.36
0.82
4.55
5.23
5.32
4.74
11.17
9.36
0.29
0.29
0.06
0.68
Others
IEA Europe
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
58.64
86.33
119.14
177.79
188.56
255.45
250.63
267.85
271.39
26.33
37.67
107.26
167.82
183.75
241.89
237.90
253.41
257.44
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
0.61
1.07
6.42
7.16
8.09
13.92
14.43 e
15.29 e
18.80 e
Belgium
1.32
1.09
4.91
2.32
6.06
11.56
13.78
16.85 e
14.29 e
Canada
Czech Republic
0.05
0.28
0.23
0.20 e
Denmark
0.92
1.84
3.10
12.11
3.83
8.57
8.32 e
Finland
4.14
0.68
1.40
6.48
3.87
8.37
5.10
6.64
0.94
France
2.69
9.85
5.38
7.02
3.26
3.68
4.34 e
2.71
3.78
Germany
9.05 e
7.17 e
3.21
3.93
17.99
23.24
36.71
44.92
44.74
47.76 e
47.12 e
Greece
0.02
0.36
0.03
Hungary
0.23
0.58
0.43
0.23
0.49
0.47
Ireland
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
Italy
0.76
1.43
23.95
34.23
37.90
40.41
43.70
46.66 e
47.41 e
Luxembourg
0.91
1.07
3.72
4.36
5.65
6.41
6.36 e
6.44 e
Netherlands
1.29
0.01
5.49
12.66
15.50
21.84
Norway
0.17
0.99
3.84
0.41
1.91 e
1.23
Poland
0.01
0.01
4.09
2.49
3.08 e
3.31 e
2.78
Portugal
0.13
2.34
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.72
5.33
5.90
Slovak Republic
0.55
3.65
4.06
6.25
2.10
4.27
3.71
3.46
Spain
0.32
2.34
3.92
3.21
7.63
12.27
10.27
12.49 e
9.52 e
Sweden
5.26
1.83
5.50
12.75
8.22 e
17.63
10.03 e
18.75 e
21.16 e
Switzerland
3.89
5.54
13.92
21.69
24.07
23.92 e
27.75 e
30.02 e
Mexico
Turkey
19.08
6.39 e
18.62 e
10.55
14.18 e
5.11
13.29
5.28
0.16
0.02
0.13
11.93
16.33
14.77
12.48
32.31
48.66
11.88
9.97
4.82
13.56
12.73
14.44
13.95
Albania
0.13
0.54
0.39
1.11
1.00
1.16
0.78
Bulgaria
0.57
0.01
0.21
Romania
0.02
0.26
0.09
0.09
0.19
0.12
Former USSR
0.02
0.03
0.13
0.69
0.44
0.43
0.46
0.43
0.50
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.40
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
14.55 e
10.09 e
5.53 e
Belarus
Georgia
0.12
0.18
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.09
0.23
1.41
2.48
3.18
8.97
9.01
10.68
9.65
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Slovenia
0.12
4.47
4.69
5.32
5.84
0.05
0.16
0.06
0.15
0.26
0.39
0.26
1.19
1.33
1.95
0.52
0.03
0.07
1.15
2.09
2.81
3.31
2.98
3.36
3.13
48.39
10.32
5.99
0.46
2.84
2.19
1.96 e
2.98 e
Others
32.22
IEA Europe
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
311.68
395.00
466.51
520.01
571.63
635.62
641.03
657.54
674.18

Total Capacity (1)
Nuclear
14.15
42.05
88.11
118.76
125.82
130.64
130.67
132.92
131.65
Hydro
98.32
117.23
132.55
147.57
159.12
169.67 e
170.38
173.18
173.10 e
2.21
5.84
16.75
24.70
32.99
35.53 e
35.48
33.15
32.79 e
Geothermal
0.38
0.43
0.46
0.52
0.50
0.61
0.70
Solar
0.62
0.74
0.00
0.01
0.05 e
0.17
0.26
0.34
0.47
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
Wind
0.06
0.42
1.09 e
12.29
16.87
22.55
0.03
0.17
0.11
0.13
0.21 e
198.59
235.06
245.09
252.50
284.78
321.81
321.90
327.48
340.50 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Combustible Fuels
27.27 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
79.18
81.54
79.64
79.55
84.38
84.06 e
83.54 e
51.71 e
Liquid Fuels
61.43
76.30
68.19
58.92
54.93
47.40 e
46.60 e
41.75 e
37.86 e
Natural Gas
8.63
10.72
6.76
12.43
25.21
54.24 e
56.65 e
43.94 e
49.63 e
0.01
0.82
0.58
0.99
2.74 e
1.80 e
3.30 e
31.63 e

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
2.59
51.75 e
25.73
27.44
36.19
39.95
40.47
41.59 e
41.38 e
31.68 e
Solid / Natural Gas
3.27
4.14
2.70
5.78
6.34
7.76 e
7.67 e
1.75 e
1.75 e
15.33
26.08
38.85
37.27
42.74
52.31 e
51.95 e
41.84 e
36.71 e
5.02
8.84
11.94
10.98
14.01
16.11 e
15.57 e
10.05 e
10.00 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993.
IEA Europe
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
46.92
48.51
48.02
47.72
55.95
49.22
50.60
50.63
53.01
Nuclear
0.54
0.84
0.82
0.77
0.54
Hydro
6.62
7.06
8.96
8.49
8.56
5.13
5.29
4.17
4.68 e
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.04
0.04
Geothermal
Solar
0.02
0.03
0.04 e
0.05 e
0.10 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Wind
0.06
1.37
0.49
0.51
0.67
0.93
0.11
0.03
0.03
0.05
39.76
40.62
38.25
38.40
45.36
43.54
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity (1)
Combustible Fuels
44.72 e
45.70 e
0.07 e
47.24 e
of which:
Single-fired (2) :
15.00
13.42
12.60
11.73
11.93
6.69 e
6.56 e
3.23 e
5.26 e
Liquid Fuels
11.85
12.35
7.03
5.63
6.00
6.60 e
6.99 e
6.65 e
5.79 e
Natural Gas
1.43
1.64
3.98
4.52
8.29
14.27 e
14.68 e
7.93 e
4.60 e
0.08
0.12
1.49
0.99
1.63
2.98 e
3.02 e
2.55 e
2.38 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
5.02
6.37
5.38
5.05
5.25
4.00 e
3.81 e
3.66 e
3.71 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.99
0.71
0.25
0.17
0.42
0.97 e
1.33 e
1.13 e
1.15 e
3.57
4.07
4.86
5.61
6.62
3.23 e
3.56 e
3.41 e
3.64 e
1.81
1.96
2.68
2.87
2.97
1.56 e
1.51 e
1.49 e
1.50 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(1) Capacity data are not available for Czech Republic before 1993.
European Union - 15
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
1166.76
1215.33
1324.05
1467.11
1494.87
1525.52
1545.70
0.7
1.1
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
4288.57
5029.51
6379.61
7899.26
8124.54
8196.46
8377.20
2.4
2.0
0.27
0.24
0.21
0.19
0.18
0.19
0.18
-1.6
-0.8
TPES/population(2)
347.72
356.74
365.74
378.06
381.19
382.46
383.21
0.3
0.3
3.36
3.41
3.62
3.88
3.92
3.99
4.03
0.4
0.8
100
89
76
68
68
68
68
-1.6
-0.8
100
107
109
108
108
110
..
0.5
..
3230
3950
4982
5921
6052
6196
..
2.6
..
1338.58
1673.09
2143.30
2575.01
2650.32
2732.79
2776.48
2.8
1.9
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
1166.76
1215.33
1324.05
1467.11
1494.87
1525.52
1545.70
0.7
1.1
Coal
292.82
305.62
299.26
215.94
216.64
222.75
223.52
0.1
-2.1
Oil
689.26
619.37
545.39
594.22
601.22
604.31
608.36
-1.4
0.8
Gas
121.67
182.72
223.33
339.17
349.94
366.05
376.04
3.6
3.8
Comb. Renew & Waste
22.20
25.03
40.18
54.00
57.18
61.29
63.37
3.6
3.3
Nuclear
17.68
55.13
187.79
225.14
233.02
234.09
235.82
14.9
1.6
TPES (Mtoe)
Geothermal
Hydro
90-04
2.13
2.31
3.10
4.61
4.61
5.20
5.28
2.2
3.9
0.05
0.05
0.26
2.55 e
3.83 e
4.59 e
5.81
10.3
25.0
20.02
23.89
22.40
27.47 e
24.09
23.83
24.97
0.7
0.8
0.94
1.20
2.35
3.64
3.96
3.08
2.22
5.6
-0.4
0.36
0.38
0.31
0.31
Heat

European Union - 15
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
49.5
67.8
211.5
720.2
863.9
891.2
894.1
898.2
231.2
239.0
286.3
276.1
344.8
365.0
309.6
308.8
6.3
6.2
8.5
15.7
25.9
29.4
31.7
2.7
2.5
2.7
3.2
4.8
4.6
4.8
5.4
0.0
0.1 e
0.2 e
0.3 e
0.5 e
of which:
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
25.3 e
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
Wind
0.0
0.8
22.2
26.8
36.3
44.1
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.2
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
887.1
1034.9
1180.6
1158.1
1362.8
1382.7
1433.1
1505.7
509.5
525.9
701.9
800.6
701.7
711.2
715.4
767.0
300.2
388.0
341.8
193.8
163.5
155.7
171.6
150.5
71.9
115.1
126.4
149.3
452.0
466.0
489.6
526.3
5.5
6.0
10.5
14.4
45.6
49.8
56.4
61.9
1170.9
1344.8
1681.6
2159.0
2600.3
2672.1
2679.7
2764.5
65.4
73.7
90.0
121.3
125.2
126.0
128.8
127.2
1105.5
1271.0
1591.6
2037.6
2475.2
2546.1
2550.9
2637.3
0.4
3.0
2.2
2.1
3.0 e
0.0
2.1
1.7
1.4
0.5
10.2
11.1
13.9
23.4
36.4
35.2
42.3
40.6
Imports
38.6
47.6
73.1
154.1
220.6
216.7 e
236.9 e
234.5 e
Exports
33.6
36.7
59.1
126.8
178.3
182.3 e
190.8 e
1100.3
1270.9
1591.7
2041.2
2476.1
82.6
93.1
111.5
138.0
2540.4
162.3 e
165.2 e
2551.1
164.3 e
198.6 e
2629.8
173.9 e
48.9
54.9
71.4
81.8
76.0
77.7
80.9
87.0
968.9
1122.8
1408.8
1821.4
2237.8
2297.6
2305.9
2368.9
1164.6
1338.6
1673.1
2143.3
2575.0 e
2646.2
2650.3
2732.8
1175.9
1355.7
1695.6
2186.3
2642.7
2706.4 e
2725.8 e
2800.3 e
1017.7
1177.7
1480.2
1903.2
2313.8 e
2375.3 e
2386.9 e
2456.0 e

European Union - 15
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
1363.34
1673.09
2143.30
2575.01
2650.32
2732.79
2776.48
2.9
1.9
Coal
506.43
701.91
800.57
701.67
715.42
767.04
745.20
2.9
-0.5
Oil
372.07
341.79
193.81
163.49
171.64
150.50
129.09
-4.0
-2.9
Gas
146.77
126.40
149.31
452.05
489.62
526.30
569.97
0.1
10.0
12.1

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
6.41
10.55
14.40
45.56
56.44
61.91
71.38
5.2
78.88
211.52
720.19
863.92
894.15
898.23
904.87
14.8
1.6
2.50
2.67
3.23
4.79
4.76
5.43
5.52
1.6
3.9
31.1
0.60
0.51
1.36
24.10 e
60.07
5.3
249.68
277.74
260.43
319.44 e
280.16
38.13 e
277.15
46.24 e
290.38
0.3
0.8
6.71
8.53
15.67
25.32 e
29.40
31.66
30.17
5.4
4.8
1135.71
2456.21
2511.65
..
of which:
Total
1453.00
1939.78
..
3.4
Coal
390.73 e
598.98
709.07
665.18 e
687.37 e
735.42 e
..
3.8
..
Oil
312.57
288.62
163.17
131.96 e
143.22 e
114.49 e
..
-4.0
..
Gas
120.45
99.63
105.83
370.17 e
399.35 e
422.67 e
..
-0.8
..
3.80
14.05 e
20.86 e
24.13 e
..
3.2
..
898.23
..
15.2
..

Nuclear
2.29
3.93 e
2381.38
74.65
206.87
714.65
2.50
2.67
3.23
4.79
4.76
5.43
..
1.6
..
0.60
0.51
1.33
22.71 e
36.44 e
44.12 e
..
5.1
..
231.93
251.81
238.70
308.61 e
270.05
267.17
..
0.2
..
6.71
8.53
15.64
25.32 e
29.40
31.66
..
5.4
..
Total
227.63
220.08
203.53
194.11
221.14
..
-0.7
..
Coal
115.71
102.94
91.50 e
36.49 e
28.05 e
31.62 e
..
-1.5
..
Oil
59.50
53.17
30.64 e
31.54 e
28.43 e
36.01 e
..
-4.1
..
Gas
26.32
26.78
43.48 e
81.88 e
90.27 e
103.63 e
..
3.2
..
31.52
35.58 e
37.78 e
Geothermal
Hydro
863.92
894.15
Autoproducers
193.64
4.12
6.62
10.60 e
Nuclear
4.23
4.65
5.54
..
..
0.03
1.39
1.68
2.12
..
..
17.75
25.94
21.73
10.82
10.11
9.98
..
1.3
..
..
..
Geothermal
Hydro

0.03
c
c
..
6.1
..
..
1.7
..
European Union - 15
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
592518
780504
941513
1045029
1076119
1175418
1172314
80-95 95-04
3.1
2.5
Coal
..
..
334187
300574
258847
280928
273867
..
-2.2
-5.0
Oil
..
..
100655
82195
70691
71413
63513
..
Gas
..
..
310801
412808
479289
523693
530122
..
6.1
..
..
155154 e
210815
230991 e
269049
275812
..
6.6
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
911
..
23.3
Geothermal
..
..
138
436
474
919
910
..
Solar
..
..
2629
3646
3226
3156
3281
..
2.5
Heat Pumps
..
..
25216
27024
27809
24333
23268
..
-0.9
Electric Boilers
..
..
11822
7531
4792
1927
1541
..
-20.3
Total
577513
742280
883627
854742
898582
1002246
Coal
..
..
333796
279298 e 233998 e
Oil
..
..
98248
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
911
Geothermal
..
..
138
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
Total
Coal
of which:
..
2.9
..
265656 e
..
..
..
57326 e
62134 e
..
..
..
308384 e
346260 e 416434 e
459119 e
..
..
..
105241 e
138871
188298
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
436
474
919
..
..
..
24
37
51
..
..
..
25081
26946
27706
24142
..
..
..
..
11822
7516
4792
1927
..
..
..
15005
38224
57886
190287
177537
173172
..
9.4
..
..
..
391
21276
24849
..
..
..
55391 e
157815 e
Autoproducers
15272 e
Oil
..
..
2407
26804
13365
9279
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
2417
66548
62855
64574
..
..
..
..
..
49913
71944
73176
80751 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
2623
3622
3189
3105
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
135
78
103
191
..
..
..
15
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
European Union - 15
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1170.92
1344.76
1370.05
1681.61
2158.97
2600.34
2672.10
2679.72
2764.45
49.48
67.83
78.88
211.52
720.19
863.92
891.17
894.15
898.23
231.20
238.97
256.39
286.27
276.10
344.76
365.03
309.55
308.81
31.66
of which:
Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
..
6.18
6.71
8.53
15.67
25.87
29.40
2.66
2.48
2.50
2.67
3.23
25.32 e
4.79
4.61
4.76
5.43
0.01
0.11 e
0.19 e
0.27 e
0.46 e
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.50
0.57
0.57
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.01
0.78
22.24
26.75
36.27
44.09
1.17
1.12
1.04
1.16
887.08
1034.93
1031.68
1180.65
1158.09
1362.78
1382.69
1433.13
1505.74
of which:
Coal
509.47
525.86
506.43
701.91
800.57
701.67
711.17
715.42
767.04
Oil
300.20
387.98
372.07
341.79
193.81
163.49
155.68
171.64
150.50
71.86
115.07
146.77
126.40
149.31
452.05
466.03
489.62
526.30
5.54
6.03
6.41
10.55
14.40
45.56
49.81
56.44
61.91
Gas
(1)
1105.54
1271.03
1297.87
1591.62
2037.64
2475.16
2546.08
2550.90
2637.28
Nuclear
..
..
72.11
197.51
680.13
819.88
846.66
850.12
854.55
Hydro
..
..
254.76
283.16
272.07
340.79 e
361.02
306.00
305.57
24.98 e
31.37
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
6.61
8.40
15.38
25.60
29.10
Geothermal
..
..
2.35
2.57
3.06
4.50
4.36
4.48
5.13
Solar
..
..
0.01 e
0.11 e
0.19 e
0.27 e
0.46 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.59
0.49
0.56
0.57
0.54
0.53
0.53
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.78
22.21
26.68
36.18
44.02
..
..
1.13
1.08
1.00
1.11
Combustible Fuels
..
..
968.06
1107.88
1081.03 e 1285.97 e 1305.55
1352.31
1425.91

European Union - 15
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
258.56
292.42
280.47
300.23
306.71
318.92
335.23
0.5
1.4
Coal
142.90
180.94
196.34 e
159.57 e
165.16 e
168.97
176.50
1.9
-0.8
Oil
87.23
78.60 e
43.23 e
36.46 e
34.78 e
35.23
32.18
-4.0
-2.2
Gas
26.18
28.36
33.32 e
87.64 e
88.65 e
95.20
103.99
1.4
9.1
7.58 e
16.55 e
18.12 e
19.52
22.56
7.4
8.8
2.26 e
4.53 e

Total
..
249.36
240.61
261.15
270.11
282.70
292.41
..
1.5
Coal
..
156.82
175.04 e
149.97 e
157.23 e
161.40
168.24
..
-0.3
Oil
..
67.66 e
37.33 e
30.93 e
30.04 e
31.31
26.68
..
-2.6
Gas
..
23.30
25.50
73.26 e
74.87 e
80.84
86.25
..
9.8
6.99 e
7.98 e
9.15
11.24
..
11.49
..
1.58 e
2.73 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
19.81
57.43
190.56
229.26
236.22
237.14
238.80
14.2
1.8
17.68
55.13
187.79
225.14
232.24
233.02
234.09
14.9
1.7
2.13
2.30
2.77
4.11 e
3.96 e
4.09 e
4.67
1.6
4.1
0.00
0.01 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.04 e
32.4
20.07
23.93
22.51
29.53
31.61
27.35
27.77
0.7
1.6
20.02
23.89
22.40
27.47 e
29.17
24.09
23.83
0.7
0.5
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.1
-0.4
0.00
0.07
1.91
2.30
3.12
3.79
36.4
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.10
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
European Union - 15
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
872.83
889.77
933.11
1048.17
1071.26
1058.34
1087.13
0.4
1.2
113.60
87.68
75.15
30.68
30.90
27.12
26.48
-2.4
-7.7
540.37
498.34
473.24
528.93
538.34
532.96
541.06
-0.8
1.0
95.68
149.37
178.89
235.24
242.12
237.94
250.63
3.7
2.6
19.94
20.47
32.56
37.37
37.76
37.61
38.55
2.9
1.3
0.00
0.01
0.32
0.48
0.49
0.49
0.49
37.3
3.2
0.01
0.14
0.39
0.43
0.47
0.54
11.1
96.56
121.15
156.64
192.45
197.59
198.31
203.73
2.9
2.0
6.67
12.74
16.17
22.62
23.62
23.43
25.65
5.3
3.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
346.08
323.49
303.66
323.08
322.85
319.68
324.28
-0.8
0.5
61.78
49.65
48.34
25.38
25.48
22.56
22.57
-1.4
-5.7
174.65
137.02
91.24
96.66
96.91
95.60
97.55
-3.7
0.5
51.06
69.77
78.17
98.43
97.55
97.97
99.88
2.5
1.9
4.55
5.06
12.79
15.08
14.34
14.59
14.07
6.3
0.7
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
52.05
59.33
70.01
82.39
83.28
83.32
83.96
1.8
1.4
1.99
2.66
3.12
5.14
5.28
5.63
6.25
2.7
5.5
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
164.67
197.70
259.37
318.07
318.65
321.40
324.64
2.7
1.7
2.18
0.33
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.00
-24.1
-16.6
159.74
193.92
254.99
311.75
312.10
314.57
317.59
2.8
1.7
0.16
0.36
0.30
0.59
0.64
0.66
0.68
4.0
6.3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.54
0.63
0.88
1.01
-1.9
62.8
2.59
3.09
4.05
5.18
5.25
5.27
5.36
2.7
2.2
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
15.47
18.03
21.53
22.74
22.75
22.24
22.27
0.32
0.19
0.21
0.08
0.09
0.07 e
0.09 e
13.65 e
15.50
14.71
14.49
14.31 e
13.96 e
0.01
0.16
3.50
4.16
4.20
4.17 e
0.05
0.09
0.45
0.54
0.59
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
2.0
0.3
-2.5
-6.7
14.20 e
0.4
-0.3
3.74 e
41.7
0.5
0.57 e
0.58 e
14.2
2.0
0.02
0.02
33.7
7.2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.44
2.10
2.57
3.21 e
3.29 e
3.20 e
3.39 e
0.25
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.09
14.6
3.5
2.2
8.2
European Union - 15
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
86.97
8.53
58.07 e
4.73
0.75
14.90
-
87.49
8.31
48.17 e
8.58
1.01
21.23
0.19
90.51
6.65
25.35 e
23.29
0.24
0.00
0.01
33.57
1.39
96.08
0.39 e
19.37
24.56
0.72
0.01
0.03
46.70 e
4.30
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
204.68
36.69
98.84 e
28.76
10.60
0.00
25.52
4.28
202.78
26.00
74.13 e
49.70
10.81 e
0.01
0.01
35.37
6.76
220.64
17.68 e
58.64 e
68.32
19.01
0.11
0.11 e
46.41
10.37
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
23.19
1.73
6.04
10.96
4.00
0.07
33.59
1.51
4.61
20.80
3.51
0.03
Heat
0.40 e
3.13 e
249.14
4.20
56.80
101.10
20.40
0.24
0.29
54.70
11.40
2001
2002
2003
102.74
0.39
22.15
26.32
0.84
0.01
0.03
48.51 e
4.50
99.97
0.31
20.51
25.31
0.92
0.01
0.04
48.90
3.98
106.08
0.39
21.59
28.00
0.95
0.01
0.05
51.13
3.96
e
e
e
263.83
4.31
61.96
106.94
21.23
0.24
0.33
56.74
12.08
8.98
1.13
1.03 e
5.31
0.06 e
0.20
0.01 e
0.03
9.04
0.05
0.41
6.40
0.10
0.21
0.06 e
0.27
1.21 e
1.54 e
e
e
267.11
2.83
57.44
111.54
21.76
0.24
0.47
59.30
13.53
9.54
0.05
0.58
6.48
0.12
0.22
0.07
0.52
9.02
0.06
0.66
5.80 e
0.13
0.22
0.08
0.51
10.37
0.05
0.87
6.78
0.17
0.22
0.02
0.59
1.50 e
1.57 e
e
e
e
e
254.79
3.57
56.95
104.02
20.53
0.25
0.36
57.11
12.01
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
1.66 e
0.2
-1.5
-4.8
9.8
-6.4
4.9
-
1.2
-19.5
-1.2
1.4
11.0
16.8
10.0
3.3
8.4
0.4
-4.2
-3.0
5.2
3.5
29.3
3.6
5.3
1.5
-13.2
-0.2
3.8
1.0
6.0
11.9
1.9
2.1
-5.4
-2.5
-9.9
-4.2
-21.6
-5.6
1.1
-21.0
-1.3
1.9
7.8
0.6
2.8
26.8
6.7
2.5

European Union - 15
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
872.83
889.77
881.73
933.11
976.21
1048.17
1071.26
1058.34
1087.13
Total Industry
346.08
323.49
298.09
303.66
298.33
323.08
322.85
319.68
324.28
Iron and Steel
61.76
48.24
43.59
38.55
34.18
35.53
35.72
33.70
34.06
99.85
102.22
103.21
104.61
104.69
110.45
109.34
109.32
110.01
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals
10.13
11.69
10.75
10.24
9.27
10.15
10.32
10.33
10.23
39.31
38.09
32.75
34.56
33.08
35.45
35.57
34.46
36.40
Transport Equipment
6.96
6.77
7.15
6.90
6.91
7.91
8.11
7.87
8.15
18.44
18.73
18.17
18.67
16.61
17.24
17.56
17.40
17.83
6.39
5.66
5.69
4.60
2.81
2.69
2.78
2.87
2.67
Food and Tobacco
22.47
23.98
21.96
22.48
23.35
25.48
25.90
26.70
26.99
21.80
20.54
20.68
24.74
27.87
32.90
32.22
32.46
33.05
4.20
4.06
4.04
3.87
4.11
4.86
4.52
4.60
4.68
Construction
5.41
4.48
3.79
3.50
4.62
5.45
5.45
5.51
5.41
Textile and Leather
12.06
10.47
9.08
9.01
8.08
8.46
8.21
8.01
8.09
Non Specified/Other
37.29
28.56
17.21
21.93
22.74
26.52
27.14
26.44
26.70
730.47
Machinery
494.99
539.59
558.28
601.04
647.94
695.06
717.51
707.42
Agriculture
15.47
18.03
20.03
21.53
22.81
22.74
22.75
22.24
22.27
86.97
87.49
81.15
90.51
99.32
96.08
102.74
99.97
106.08
Residential
204.68
202.78
235.24
220.64
232.47
249.14
263.83
254.79
267.11
Transport
164.67
197.70
209.41
259.37
283.79
318.07
318.65
321.40
324.64

Non-Energy Use(1)
23.19
33.59
12.46
8.98
9.55
9.04
9.54
9.02
10.37
31.76
26.70
25.36
28.40
29.94
30.03
30.90
31.24
32.38
96.56
121.15
136.61
156.64
169.31
192.45
197.59
198.31
203.73
Total Industry
52.05
59.33
62.01
70.01
71.50
82.39
83.28
83.32
83.96
Iron and Steel
8.23
8.97
8.65
8.21
8.43
9.45 e
9.51 e
9.24 e
9.37
13.67
14.70
14.84
15.22
14.10
15.24 e
14.98 e
15.01 e
15.05

Non-ferrous Metals
4.52
6.15
5.67
5.88
5.03
5.75
6.03 e
5.96 e
5.99
3.51
4.03
3.85
4.78
5.27
5.82
5.99 e
5.99 e
6.14
Transport Equipment
2.06
2.52
2.81
2.85
3.11
3.64
3.62 e
3.60 e
3.63
Machinery
4.21
4.91
5.35
7.12
6.87
7.71 e
7.69 e
7.81 e
7.88
1.30
1.45
1.55
1.52
0.94
1.01 e
1.08 e
1.08 e
1.03
Food and Tobacco
2.81
3.75
4.60
5.85
6.59
7.53 e
7.67 e
7.82 e
7.93
5.04
5.78
6.52
8.25
9.26
10.65
10.81 e
10.93 e
11.14
0.86
1.12
0.99
1.40
1.53
1.64
1.69 e
1.70 e
1.73
Construction
0.43
0.53
0.56
0.71
0.87
0.83
0.86 e
0.91 e
0.95 e
Textile and Leather
2.96
2.92
2.98
3.13
2.87
3.02 e
3.01 e
2.98 e
2.90
Non Specified/Other
2.46
2.51
3.64
5.10
6.63
10.10 e
10.35 e
10.30 e
10.23 e
44.51
61.82
74.60
86.63
97.80
1.44
2.10
2.41
2.57
2.94
3.21 e
3.29 e
3.20 e
3.39 e
14.90
21.23
26.40
33.57
39.17
46.70 e
48.51 e
48.90 e
51.13 e
Residential
25.52
35.37
42.30
46.41
49.95
54.70 e
56.74 e
57.11 e
59.30
2.59
3.09
3.47
4.05
4.80
5.18
5.25
5.27
5.36

0.07
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.94
0.27
0.52
0.51
0.59
Agriculture
Transport
110.06
114.31
114.99
119.77
European Union - 15
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1177.73
1480.16
1903.17
2313.79
2375.25
2386.87
2455.98
2.9
2.0
1.4
605.18
689.91
814.07
958.02
968.38
968.87
976.24
1.8
Transport
30.11
35.88
47.12
60.24
61.09
61.30
62.31
2.7
2.2
Agriculture
16.74
24.40
29.91
37.30 e
38.27 e
37.23 e
39.43 e
3.5
2.2
173.21
246.88
390.30
543.04 e
564.04 e
568.61 e
594.49 e
4.9
3.3
Residential
Energy(1)
296.70
411.31
539.65
636.10 e
659.77 e
664.06 e
689.58
3.6
1.9
54.94
71.39
81.80
75.99
77.68 e
80.92 e
87.05 e
2.4
0.5
0.84
0.40
0.32
3.11
6.03
5.89
6.87
-5.6
26.8
198.99 e
204.27 e
205.27 e
211.21 e
2.9
2.0

101.28
127.29
163.67

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
605.18
689.91
814.07
958.02
968.38
968.87
976.24
1.8
1.4
95.65
104.27
95.48
109.90 e
110.56 e
107.43 e
109.00
-0.0
1.0
158.90
170.95
176.96
177.23 e
174.14 e
174.51 e
174.99
0.6
-0.1
Non-Ferrous Metals
52.56
71.47
68.36
66.83
70.10 e
69.35 e
69.62
1.6
0.1
40.80
46.87
55.58
67.62
69.61 e
69.69 e
71.42
1.8
1.9
Transport Equipment
23.95
29.36
33.10
42.30
42.13 e
41.88 e
42.25
1.9
1.9
Machinery
48.99
57.08
82.80
89.70 e
89.40 e
90.82 e
91.58
3.1
0.8
15.08
16.82
17.68
11.76 e
12.51 e
12.51 e
11.96
0.9
-3.0
Food and Tobacco
32.62
43.55
68.01
87.61 e
89.17 e
90.88 e
92.17
4.4
2.4

Iron and Steel
58.60
67.17
95.88
123.78
125.68 e
127.10 e
129.55
2.9
2.3
10.00
13.02
16.28
19.02
19.65 e
19.75 e
20.08
2.9
1.6
Construction
5.05
6.14
8.31
9.69
10.03 e
10.58 e
10.99 e
3.0
2.2
34.39
34.01
36.36
35.13 e
35.00 e
34.60 e
33.70
0.3
-0.6
Non Specified/Other
28.60
29.21
59.28
117.46 e
120.39 e
119.77 e
118.94 e
4.4
5.5
82.39
83.28
83.32
83.96
1.8
1.4

52.05
59.33
70.01
European Union - 15
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
47.55
73.13
96.28
154.05
163.94
220.64
216.66
236.87
234.48
16.12
37.30
83.27
140.30
157.01
209.83
200.19
219.34
214.24
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
0.33
0.71
7.87
5.81
6.14
7.90
7.66 e
Belgium
0.09
7.81
3.53
4.49
3.55
4.50
4.81
Canada
Czech Republic
2.98
4.43
14.32
14.99 e
7.19 e
5.79 e
10.31 e
12.36 e
17.12 e
20.37 e
11.17 e
Denmark
0.29
0.70
2.24
4.94
5.15
8.03
6.12 e
8.93 e
Finland
0.26
1.16
0.88
0.36
0.21
0.83
2.60
2.85
8.31
France
2.50
4.34
17.68
44.40
68.04
68.11
65.25 e
69.53 e
59.39
Germany
1.24
5.02
10.28
13.08
15.32
27.23
30.21
24.23
30.94 e
Greece
0.01
0.50
1.13
Hungary
0.21
0.31
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Ireland
0.03
Italy
0.32
0.74
0.14
0.18
0.27
0.39
0.48
0.64 e
0.46 e
Luxembourg
0.42
0.97
0.78
0.74
1.15 e
2.92 e
2.79 e
Mexico
Netherlands
0.22
3.91
0.89
3.50
3.90
4.03
Norway
5.40
1.50
4.44
16.41
8.57
20.49
Poland
2.35
0.74
1.19 e
0.80 e
2.93
0.08
0.51
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.47
3.43
3.10
2.24
3.63
4.89
3.61
3.03
5.29
4.98
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
5.19 e
7.16
4.32 e
15.00
5.56 e
3.92 e
5.60
6.59 e
3.28
14.27
6.97
11.61
8.10 e
10.46 e
2.41 e
3.07
7.25
25.44
23.35
26.17
29.79
33.95 e
32.58 e
32.59 e
Turkey
0.10
0.02
0.05
0.05
1.23
1.70
31.44
35.82
13.00
13.75
6.92
10.80
16.47
17.53
20.24
Albania
0.15
0.08
0.17
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.05
Bulgaria
0.32
0.65
1.07
2.41
3.31
3.27
Romania
Former USSR
0.06
4.42
4.53
4.52
7.68
7.94
11.33
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
4.76 e
2.12 e
3.77 e
Belarus
Georgia
0.06
0.20
Russian Federation
4.22
4.53
4.52
7.68
7.94
11.33
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.08
1.17
1.69
2.19
1.31
5.17
6.36
6.26
5.57
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Slovenia
4.76 e
0.94
0.83
0.08
0.45
0.51
0.83
0.50
0.61
1.13
0.73
1.18
1.36
0.82
4.55
5.23
5.32
4.74
34.45
6.82
6.54
0.01
0.01
0.03
Others
31.36
European Union - 15
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
36.66
59.15
80.78
126.75
145.10
178.26
182.33
190.82
198.62
20.03
30.21
73.61
119.12
141.45
170.60
176.33
184.53
192.68
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
0.12
0.02
4.83
4.45
5.54
7.39
Belgium
1.32
1.09
4.91
2.32
6.06
11.56
6.81 e
Canada
Czech Republic
0.05
0.28
0.23
0.20 e
Denmark
0.92
1.17
2.16
8.16
2.30
3.94
6.39 e
Finland
4.13
0.67
1.40
6.36
3.82
8.23
5.07
6.49
0.86
France
2.69
9.85
4.56
6.28
2.44
1.61
2.34 e
1.21
1.91
Germany
13.78
-
8.23 e
10.17 e
16.85 e
14.29 e
6.17 e
6.47 e
3.21
3.68
10.33
17.56
27.98
29.43
27.54
31.55 e
30.17 e
Greece
0.02
0.36
0.03
Hungary
0.23
0.58
0.43
0.23
0.49
0.47
Ireland
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
Italy
0.76
1.43
9.07
17.14
18.96
18.07
19.90
21.38 e
20.94 e
Luxembourg
0.91
1.07
3.72
4.36
5.65
6.41
6.36 e
6.44 e
Netherlands
1.29
0.01
5.49
12.66
15.50
21.84
Norway
0.17
0.99
3.84
0.41
1.91 e
1.23
Poland
3.89
2.43
3.02 e
3.00 e
2.77
0.13
2.34
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.72
5.33
5.90
Mexico
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
6.39 e
18.62 e
10.55
0.32
2.34
3.92
3.21
7.63
12.27
10.27
1.81
0.58
3.89
5.54
13.92
21.69
0.83 e
19.08
14.18 e
5.11
14.55 e
13.29
12.49 e
9.52 e
1.87
4.83 e
6.73 e
16.41 e
24.07
23.92 e
27.75 e
30.02 e
0.16
0.02
0.13
11.93
16.33
14.77
12.48
16.63
28.93
7.16
7.63
3.66
7.66
6.00
6.29
5.94
Albania
0.13
0.46
0.39
1.11
1.00
1.16
0.78
Bulgaria
0.07
0.01
0.21
Romania
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
10.09 e
5.53 e
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.06
0.11
1.24
2.18
3.00
3.73
3.04
3.41
3.28
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Slovenia
0.05
0.16
0.03
0.04
0.08
0.10
0.19
0.42
0.06
0.03
0.07
1.15
2.09
2.81
3.31
2.98
3.36
3.13
28.82
5.80
4.92
0.26
2.62
1.96
1.72 e
1.88 e
Others
16.57
European Union - 15
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
277.14
352.23
414.61
456.32
489.46
545.35
550.19
560.77
573.51
Nuclear
13.15
40.11
84.34
114.05
119.14
123.83
123.85
125.07
122.80
Hydro
70.98
84.76
94.62
103.02
108.93
115.63
116.24
116.95
117.03
0.77
4.06
14.97
22.18
30.41
31.57
31.53
28.74
28.38
Geothermal
0.38
0.43
0.44
0.50
0.48
0.60
0.59
0.68
0.72

Total Capacity
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.05 e
0.17
0.26
0.34
0.47
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
Wind
0.06
0.42
1.09 e
12.26
16.84
22.43
27.15
0.03
0.17
0.11
0.12
0.20
192.39
226.70
234.91
238.09
259.51
292.45
292.08
294.94
304.90
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
76.27
78.28
74.74
72.47
76.13
75.49 e
75.01 e
43.15 e
Liquid Fuels
59.59
74.11
65.92
56.74
52.59
45.33 e
44.64 e
39.65 e
35.50 e
Natural Gas
8.63
10.72
6.66
10.22
22.65
50.00 e
52.13 e
36.90 e
40.38 e
0.01
0.81
0.57
0.98

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
2.27
2.22 e
1.39
33.38 e
2.63 e
25.73
27.44
36.19
39.95
40.47
41.59 e
41.38 e
31.66 e
Solid / Natural Gas
3.27
4.14
2.70
5.78
6.34
7.76 e
7.67 e
1.75 e
1.75 e
13.89
23.17
35.94
34.34
39.75
47.34 e
46.89 e
36.69 e
31.77 e
5.02
8.84
11.94
10.98
14.01
16.11 e
15.57 e
10.05 e
10.00 e
Type of Generation
Steam
31.61 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
European Union - 15
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
44.26
45.23
44.35
43.90
50.14
41.21
42.23
43.35
45.03
Nuclear
0.54
0.84
0.82
0.77
0.54
Hydro
4.70
4.68
6.63
6.22
6.05
2.83
2.95
3.10
3.08
0.15
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.07
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Wind
0.06
1.37
0.49
0.51
0.67
0.92
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity

Combustible Fuels
0.11
0.03
39.03
39.71
36.91
36.85
42.08
37.86
0.03
38.73 e
0.03
0.05
39.53
40.90
of which:
Single-fired:
14.84
13.24
12.43
11.52
11.72
6.37 e
6.23 e
2.94 e
3.09 e
Liquid Fuels
11.56
11.99
6.38
4.92
5.61
5.95 e
6.12 e
5.71 e
4.79 e
Natural Gas
1.43
1.64
3.98
4.51
7.88
13.53 e
13.99 e
7.16 e
3.66 e
0.07
0.11
1.49
0.93
1.48
2.85 e
3.00 e
2.46 e
2.25 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
4.97
6.18
5.06
4.68
4.84
3.59 e
3.35 e
3.21 e
3.25 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.99
0.71
0.25
0.17
0.42
0.97 e
1.33 e
1.13 e
1.15 e
3.57
4.07
4.86
5.61
6.58
2.28 e
2.45 e
2.15 e
2.18 e
1.60
1.79
2.47
2.66
2.79
1.36 e
1.31 e
1.30 e
1.31 e
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Australia
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
57.62
70.37
87.54
109.77
111.89
112.65
114.52
2.5
1.9
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
168.30
202.90
273.23
387.53
415.49
431.16
446.50
2.9
3.6
0.34
0.35
0.32
0.28
0.27
0.26
0.26
-0.4
-1.6
TPES/population(2)
13.61
14.81
17.18
19.28
19.76
20.01
20.19
1.4
1.2
4.23
4.75
5.10
5.69
5.66
5.63
5.67
1.1
0.8
100
101
94
83
79
76
75
-0.4
-1.6
100
125
152
143
147
142
..
2.5
..
3855
5352
7525
8963
9621
9516
..
4.0
..
64.41
95.23
154.35
207.40
226.16
227.87
238.76
5.3
3.2
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
57.62
70.37
87.54
109.77
111.89
112.65
114.52
2.5
1.9
Coal
22.58
27.32
34.97
47.43
49.03
48.02
50.41
2.6
2.6
Oil
27.15
30.84
32.52
36.50
34.57
35.93
35.43
1.1
0.6
Gas
3.38
7.46
14.79
19.27
21.45
22.15
22.49
9.1
3.0
Comb. Renew & Waste
3.53
3.61
3.96
5.03
5.36
5.01
4.69
0.7
1.2
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.02
0.08
0.09
0.12
0.15
0.15
4.4
0.98
1.11
1.22
1.44
1.36
1.38
1.36
1.3
0.8
TPES (Mtoe)
Hydro
Heat
Australia
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
-
11.8
11.8
13.8
14.9
17.1
16.8
16.0
16.2
0.2
of which:
0.3
0.4
0.8
0.7
0.4
0.4
0.2
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.7
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
41.5
53.0
82.3
140.2
190.6
200.2
209.9
211.1
37.7
48.2
69.8
119.0
160.6
169.7
173.9
175.9
1.8
1.7
5.2
4.2
2.7
2.8
3.8
2.3
1.7
2.8
7.0
16.4
26.2
26.3
30.7
31.5
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.6
1.1
1.4
1.6
1.4
53.3
64.8
96.1
155.1
207.8
217.2
226.3
228.1
2.9
3.6
3.6
8.9
12.1
14.8
15.4
50.4
61.2
92.5
146.2
195.6
204.6
211.6
212.7
12.6 e
0.4
0.6
1.2
1.1
0.6
0.6
0.2
0.2
Imports
Exports
50.0
60.7
91.3
145.1
195.0
204.0
211.4
212.5
4.8
8.2
9.2
10.8
15.2
14.7
15.2
16.0 e
2.9
5.1
7.1
6.6
7.0
45.3
52.5
79.2
129.2
172.8
180.4
190.0
190.3
53.0
64.4
95.2
154.3
207.4
216.8
226.2
227.9
53.3
64.8
96.1
155.1
207.8
217.2
226.3
228.1
82.1
134.3
179.9
188.0 e
196.6
197.3
7.6 e
45.3
52.5

Australia
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
69.60
95.23
154.35
207.40
226.16
227.87
238.76
5.1
Coal
47.18
69.76
119.03
160.59
173.90
175.89
184.13
6.0
3.2
Oil
5.16
5.17
4.21
2.73
3.76
2.28
2.32
-1.3
-4.2
Gas
3.63
6.98
16.36
26.18
30.72
31.54
33.79
9.9
5.3
0.43
0.39
0.60
1.06
1.56
1.41
1.67
2.1
7.6
Nuclear
Geothermal
3.2
0.06
0.37
0.70
1.00
13.20
12.94
14.15
16.78
15.86
16.05
15.85
0.4
0.8
0.41
0.84
0.73
0.36
0.18
0.20
0.20
3.6
-8.9
Total
62.71
87.30
143.35
190.89
212.69
214.96
..
5.3
..
Coal
44.53
66.47
114.85
158.91 e
173.82
175.79
..
6.1
..
Oil
1.83
1.64
1.49
0.76 e
1.50
0.73
..
-1.3
..
Gas
3.10
6.30
12.91
14.62 e
20.80
21.43
..
9.3
..
0.10
0.64
0.54
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.06
0.37
0.70
..
..
13.16
12.88
14.10
16.54
15.57
15.77
..
0.4
..
0.41
0.84
0.73
0.36
0.18
0.20
..
3.6
..
Total
6.89
7.94
11.00
16.51
13.47
12.91
..
3.0
..
Coal
2.65
3.29
4.18
1.68 e
0.08
0.10
..
2.9
..
Oil
3.33
3.53
2.71
1.96 e
2.26
1.55
..
-1.3
..
Gas
0.53
0.67
3.45
11.56 e
9.92
10.10
..
12.4
..
1.06 e
Hydro
of which:
Hydro
Autoproducers
0.33
0.39
0.60
0.92
0.88
..
3.8
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
0.04
0.06
0.05
0.24
0.29
0.28
..
1.5
..
..
..
Hydro

Australia
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
5443
2269
80-95 95-04
-
Coal
5443
2269
..
..
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
..
Total
5443
2269
..
..
Coal
5443
2269
..
..
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
..
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
..
..
..
of which:
Autoproducers
Oil
..
..
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
Australia
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
53.30
64.80
70.02
96.07
155.08
207.76
217.21
226.34
228.07
11.84
11.80
13.61
13.78
14.88
17.14
16.79
16.03
16.25
0.20
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.39
0.41
0.84
0.73
0.36
0.37
0.18
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.06
0.21
0.36
0.70

Combustible Fuels
41.46
53.00
56.40
82.29
140.20
190.56
200.22
209.94
211.12
of which:
Coal
37.68
48.23
47.18
69.76
119.03
160.59
169.71
173.90
175.89
Oil
1.79
1.68
5.16
5.17
4.21
2.73
2.82
3.76
2.28
Gas
1.73
2.75
3.63
6.98
16.36
26.18
26.32
30.72
31.54
0.26
0.34
0.43
0.39
0.60
1.06
1.36
1.56
1.41
(1)
50.40
61.22
67.94
92.47
146.21
195.61
204.61
211.58
212.68
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
13.48
13.65
14.77
16.93
16.77
15.48
16.25
0.20
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.41
0.83
0.73
0.36
0.37
0.17
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.06
0.21
0.35
0.70
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
54.46
78.82
131.44
178.62

187.63 e
195.75
195.73
Australia
7. NET ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION BY AUTOPRODUCERS
(GWh)
Total
12026
2.1
1577
1219
358
-
2408
1158
1250
-
13603 e 10459
794
348
519
390
7462
7416
1444
933
633
718
24
654
2727 e
-
9342
274
364
6558
914
686
546
-
1.2
-4.3
1.4
4.3
-3.0
3.1
11.2
-
1
1
2
2
394
182
212
-
274
82
192
-
9.8
-
1980
1990
2000
6655
7675
10747
16231
1922
243
118
1561
6637
970
240
1953
246
6
2228
287
473
25
209
7650
774
267
3035
148
5
2219
296
626
21
259
10716
1085
355
3972
44
8
4345
372
518
17
-
14261
505
558
6473
5904
695
24
102
18
18
25
25
31
31
48
32
16
57
57
-
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Energy Non Specified
Non Specified/Other Industries
2003
16118 e 12431
1974
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Oil and Gas Extraction
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
2002
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total Transport
Pipeline
Transport Non Specified
Other
Commerce and Pub. Services
Residential
Agriculture
2001
2458
1325
133
1000
Note: Data reported in this table prior to 1990 may refer to combustible fuels only.
Australia
(Mtoe)
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
Total
15.04
22.93
33.85
44.89
48.52
53.93
52.86
4.9
3.5
Coal
13.80
20.17
28.80
39.64 e
42.73 e
44.60 e
43.78
4.4
3.3
Oil
0.42
1.12
0.87
0.50 e
0.58 e
0.87 e
0.55
4.5
-3.5
Gas
0.79
1.53
3.47
4.06
4.41
7.66 e
7.78
9.1
6.4
0.03
0.11
0.71 e
0.69 e
0.79
0.80
0.75
19.4
0.5
Combustible Fuels

Total
..
21.67
31.66
41.88
45.30
50.36
48.82
..
3.4
Coal
..
19.67
28.28
39.28 e
42.37 e
44.58 e
43.76
..
3.4
Oil
..
0.61
0.35
0.18 e
0.23 e
0.31
0.18
..
-5.0
Gas
..
1.39
3.03
2.43
2.62
5.25
4.71
..
3.5
..
0.08
0.22
0.17
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.98
1.11
1.22
1.45
1.43
1.39
1.44
1.3
1.3
0.98
1.11
1.22
1.44
1.41
1.36
1.38
1.3
1.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.06
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Australia
9. ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS
IN ELECTRICITY PLANTS*
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
23866
38197
51100 e
54341 e
53394
52185
3.5
381346
794476
1115347 e
1233541 e
1256059
1227611
5.2
50728
87012
110180 e
117188 e
112170
122529
3.9
29798
43037
66416 e
285435
402188
643650 e
19034
31417
50346 e
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
524
596 e
72
66 e
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
64293 e
66415
65967
3.5
650870
646475
3.6
55436
47024
4.0
600
11279
11450
907
930
659321
52457 e
Peat

67 e

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1117
863
477 e
46055
36727
21614 e
5169
4206
1983 e
71247
161478
6976
16359
614 e
634
402
-4.3
28908
18362
-3.9
1869 e
2446
1704
-4.7
210199 e
222385 e
322628
297000
6.4
20245 e
19871 e
25000
25657
5.8
26092
Natural Gas/Gas Works Gas

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1885
2000
80
90
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
5780
9331
379
784083
1395393

82292
139066

7616
5480
729 e
573
463
1997186 e
2151270 e
2279245
2208378
4.6
183199
192181
196612
198397
3.9
(2)
Total Combustible Fuels

Fuel Input (TJ)
* Excludes CHP plant.

(1) Includes sub-bituminous coal.
Australia
10. ELECTRICITY AND HEAT PRODUCED FOR SALE FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS
IN COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANTS (CHP PLANTS)
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1940
35885
3180
-
1947
36020
3202
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
5443
1236
12211
531
2269
1512
12200
1300
-
1735
14000
1300
-
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
10828
910
-
10800
900
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
189 e
8116 e
744 e
-
353 e
15000
950 e
-
314
14551
1313
-
136
6290
580
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
64724 e
5933 e
-
91311
6451 e
-
62879
5716
-
65000
5879
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
23310 e
685 e
-
23597 e
633 e
-
20756
630
-
21597
660
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
3400
281
-
2500
200
-
160499
13330
-
156207
12721
-
29683 e
600
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
41894 e
96150 e
129908 e
1131
7362
8034
5443
2269
Australia
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
39.98
47.52
58.07
71.99
72.94
70.94
72.27
2.2
1.7
4.94
4.20
4.28
4.03
3.82
2.86
2.71
-0.8
-3.5
24.67
27.65
30.52
37.22
37.14
36.08
37.34
1.3
1.6
2.37
5.34
8.82
11.46
12.08
11.01
11.51
8.0
2.1
3.49
3.50
3.25
4.34
4.30
4.56
4.25
-0.4
2.1
0.02
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.7
4.51
6.81
11.11
14.86
15.51
16.34
16.37
5.4
3.0
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
15.70
18.27
20.68
24.83
25.54
23.42
23.39
1.6
1.0
4.63
3.98
4.07
3.90
3.64
2.74
2.60
-0.8
-3.4
5.82
5.75
3.91
4.34
4.23
3.62
3.59
-2.3
-0.7
1.75
3.85
6.12
7.50
8.02
7.07
7.52
7.6
1.6
1.49
1.90
1.48
2.46
2.38
2.55
2.38
-0.0
3.7
1.99
2.80
5.09
6.62
7.26
7.45
7.30
5.7
2.8
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
13.51
17.70
22.69
28.24
28.29
28.31
29.18
3.1
2.0
0.02
0.00
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.06
0.06
7.6
-2.1
13.43
17.62
22.45
27.65
27.64
27.74
28.63
3.1
1.9
0.00
0.01
0.30
0.33
0.33
0.32
30.5
0.06
0.08
0.16
0.20
0.21
0.19
0.18
6.1
0.9
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.16
1.07
1.32
1.63
1.64
1.80
2.03
0.8
3.4
1.07
0.95
1.11
1.38
1.39
1.66 e
1.88
0.2
4.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.1
0.09
0.12
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.14
0.14
5.2
-2.7
Australia
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.12
0.09
0.11
0.15
0.77
-
2.40
0.15
0.51
0.39
0.02
1.33
-
3.48
0.13
0.26
0.75
2.35
-
5.04
0.04 e
0.31 e
1.08 e
0.01
3.59
-
5.03
0.07
0.31
1.11
0.01
0.00
3.53
-
5.63
0.06
0.48
0.91
0.01
0.00
4.16
-
5.77
0.05
0.50
0.94
0.01
0.00
4.26
-
6.9
1.7
5.3
9.8
6.8
-
4.0
-6.3
5.2
1.8
4.7
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
5.06
0.19
0.80
0.47
2.00
1.61
-
6.05
0.06
0.80
1.10
1.58
0.02
2.49
-
7.49
0.01
0.38
1.93
1.77
0.08
3.31
-
9.06
0.00 e
0.35
2.56 e
1.87
0.08
4.19
-
9.23
0.00
0.34
2.63
1.91
0.08
4.27
-
9.53
0.00
0.34
2.70
2.00
0.08
4.41
-
9.52
0.00
0.35
2.73
1.86
0.09
4.49
-
2.3
-14.7
-4.3
8.7
-0.7
4.4
-
1.9
-9.3
-0.5
2.7
0.4
0.4
2.4
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
1.54
1.54
-
Heat
2000
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Australia
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
39.98
47.52
50.28
58.07
64.17
71.99
72.94
70.94
72.27
Total Industry
15.70
18.27
18.40
20.68
22.42
24.83
25.54
23.42
23.39
Iron and Steel
3.22
3.05
2.15
2.27
2.45
2.29
2.51
2.00
2.04
1.31
2.35
2.56
3.09
3.19
3.10
3.26
3.61
3.86
Non-ferrous Metals
0.75
3.97
5.05
6.09
6.81
8.02
8.07
7.23
7.14
0.63
2.04
2.10
2.16
2.07
2.02
2.11
2.01
2.03
Transport Equipment
0.22
0.23
0.27
0.40
0.29
0.23
Machinery
0.39
0.36
0.42
0.34
0.39
0.55
0.35
0.35
1.00
0.69
1.27
1.54
2.15
2.23
2.77
2.57
Food and Tobacco
0.13
2.67
2.85
2.30
2.59
3.30
3.36
3.13
3.08
0.24
1.02
1.08
1.34
1.46
1.38
1.37
0.86
0.83
0.01
0.34
0.31
0.18
0.21
0.38
0.35
0.46
0.43
TFC
2003
Construction
0.87
0.71
0.93
1.00
1.16
1.15
0.63
0.64
Textile and Leather
0.35
0.33
0.35
0.37
0.35
0.36
0.23
0.23
Non Specified/Other
9.42
0.01
0.15
0.17
22.40
27.23
29.95
34.98
39.08
43.97
44.18
45.28
46.50
Agriculture
1.16
1.07
1.24
1.32
1.47
1.63
1.64
1.80
2.03
1.12
2.40
2.66
3.48
4.14
5.04
5.03
5.63
5.77
Residential
5.06
6.05
6.44
7.49
8.31
9.06
9.23
9.53
9.52
13.51
17.70
19.61
22.69
25.15
28.24
28.29
28.31
29.18
Transport
Non-Energy Use(1)
1.54
1.89
2.02
1.93
2.41
2.67
3.19
3.22
2.24
2.38
4.51
6.81
8.43
11.11
12.46
14.86
15.51
16.34
16.37
Total Industry
1.99
2.80
3.70
5.09
5.60
6.62
7.26
7.45
7.30
Iron and Steel
0.39
0.34
0.42
0.48
0.45
0.53
0.53
0.55
0.23
0.26
0.33
0.39
0.40
0.45
0.35
0.37
Non-ferrous Metals
0.82
1.57
2.26
2.40
3.08
3.42
3.60
3.67
0.18
0.20
0.25
0.27
0.30
0.32
0.33
0.33
Transport Equipment
0.09
0.10
0.12
0.23
0.27
0.21
..
..
Machinery
0.17
0.18
0.22
0.15
0.16
0.32
0.22
0.22
0.26
0.27
0.51
0.59
0.78
0.84 e
1.23
0.95
Food and Tobacco
0.27
0.30
0.39
0.44
0.48
0.47
0.55
0.55
0.22
0.28
0.34
0.37
0.40
0.40 e
0.32 e
0.33
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.12
0.12 e
0.10 e
0.10
Construction
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
Textile and Leather
0.12
0.13
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.07
0.07
Non Specified/Other
1.99
0.01
0.15
0.17
2.52
4.02
4.73
6.02
6.86
8.23
8.25
8.89
9.07
Agriculture
0.09
0.12
0.15
0.20
0.22
0.25
0.25
0.14
0.14
0.77
1.33
1.68
2.35
2.84
3.59
3.53
4.16
4.26
Residential
1.61
2.49
2.80
3.31
3.63
4.19
4.27
4.41
4.49
Transport
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.16
0.17
0.20
0.21
0.19
0.18

Australia
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
52.46
82.10
134.34
179.86
188.04
196.64
197.32
5.7
3.0
Industry
23.19
32.51
59.18
77.03
84.42
86.59
84.86
5.7
2.8
Transport
0.66
0.89
1.81
2.34
2.43
2.17
2.04
6.1
0.9
Agriculture
0.99
1.37
2.37
2.88
2.91
1.66
1.66
5.2
-2.7
8.95
15.49
27.31
41.75
41.05
48.34
49.59
6.8
4.7
18.67
28.97
38.54
48.76
49.60
51.25
52.16
4.4
2.4
2.87
5.13
7.10
6.63
7.00
2.4
4.51
7.06
11.55
15.47
16.91
16.97
5.7
3.0
Residential
Energy(1)
7.64 e
16.17 e

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
23.19
32.51
59.18
77.03
84.42
86.59
84.86
5.7
2.8
4.56
4.87
5.25
6.16
6.15
6.40
2.1
Iron and Steel
90-03
2.68
3.83
4.69
5.23
4.11
4.25
0.8
Non-Ferrous Metals
9.51
26.27
35.76
39.74
41.87
42.70
3.8
2.1
2.05
2.92
3.49
3.69
3.79
3.82
Transport Equipment
0.99
1.38
3.09
2.42
..
..
..
Machinery
1.97
2.60
1.84
3.67
2.56
2.56
-0.1
14.25
11.04
4.8
6.36
6.36
2.7
-0.4
3.03
5.97
9.08
9.79 e
Food and Tobacco
3.12
4.49
5.59
5.52
2.55
3.98
4.64
4.66 e
3.75 e
3.79
0.69
0.97
1.38
1.39 e
1.12 e
1.12
1.1
Construction
0.02
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.03
0.03
-0.7
1.34
1.87
2.07
2.08
0.86
0.86
-5.8
Non Specified/Other
23.19
0.08
1.75
1.95

1.99
2.80
5.09
6.62
7.26
7.45
7.30
5.7
2.8
Australia
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
19.25
24.14
32.70
35.36
39.09
42.51
43.64
46.49
46.96

Total Capacity
Nuclear
5.32
6.10
6.91
8.19
8.43
8.85
8.82
8.96
8.96
0.94
0.94
1.49
1.49
1.49
1.49
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.03
0.08
0.11
0.19
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
13.93
18.04
25.78
27.17
30.65
33.60
34.71
37.39
37.78
27.43
of which:
Single-fired:
11.50
13.90
21.35
22.14
24.66
27.06 e
27.66 e
27.43
Liquid Fuels
1.43
1.65
0.68
1.07
1.32
1.44 e
1.44 e
1.38
1.38
Natural Gas
0.10
0.16
2.02
2.93
3.86
4.29 e
4.61
5.96
6.35
0.02
0.20
0.10
0.10
0.15
0.56
0.35
0.72
1.79
1.38
0.16
0.16
0.16 e
0.16 e
2.53
2.53
0.88
0.64
0.64 e
0.64 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
13.34
16.79
24.06
25.11
28.01
29.50
30.20
31.37
31.76
Internal Combustion
0.28
0.29
0.35
0.25
0.33
0.29
0.25
0.27
0.27
Gas Turbine
0.31
0.96
1.37
1.62
2.21
3.13
3.11
4.31
4.31
Combined Cycle
0.19
0.10
0.68
1.16
1.44
1.44
Other
Peak Load
12.46
15.31
21.04
25.01
..
..
33.06
32.00
32.00
Available Capacity
19.25
24.14
..
..
..
..
42.09
44.77
45.28
Australia
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
0.14
0.94
3.80
4.65
3.80
3.07
Nuclear
Hydro
0.14 e
0.14 e
0.35 e
0.38 e
0.30 e
0.32 e
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
..
0.80
3.44
3.50
2.75
AUTOPRODUCERS
4.28 e
of which:
Single-fired:
..
..
0.41 e
0.86 e
0.23
0.23
Liquid Fuels
..
0.04
0.74 e
0.19
0.17
0.11
Natural Gas
..
0.39
1.36 e
2.34
2.35
1.65
..
0.38
0.94 e
0.89 e
0.76
0.76
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
..
..
..
..
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
2.55 e
2.16
1.56
0.81
Internal Combustion
..
..
0.14
0.22
0.22
0.22
Gas Turbine
..
..
0.75
1.25
1.41
1.41
Combined Cycle
..
..
0.58
0.29
0.29
Other
..
..
0.06
0.02
0.02
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Australia
19. FUEL PRICES TO END USERS
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
FUEL PRICES FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION

Australian Dollars/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
Natural Gas (107 kcal)(1)
8.91
80
..
11.97
174
..
13.50
83.56
..
18.14
181.50
..
25.79
..
..
35.11
..
..
Australian Dollars/ toe

Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
39.08
..
..
53.20
..
..
END-USER PRICES OF ELECTRICITY

Australian Dollars/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0234
..
0.0270
..
0.0487
..
0.0589
..
0.0576
..
0.0603
..
0.0658
..
..
..
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0338
..
0.0380
..
0.0707
..
0.0919
..
0.1091
..
0.1105
0.0111
0.1140
0.0114
..
..
..
..

(1) Gross calorific value basis.
(2) Net calorific value basis.
Austria
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
21.65
23.30
25.03
28.95
31.13
33.18
32.85
0.9
2.0
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
98.59
120.03
150.67
193.84
197.51
199.00
203.00
2.5
2.2
0.22
0.19
0.17
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.16
-1.6
-0.2
TPES/population(2)
7.56
7.52
7.68
8.01
8.05
8.10
8.11
0.1
0.4
2.87
3.10
3.26
3.61
3.87
4.10
4.05
0.8
1.6
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
88
76
68
72
76
74
-1.6
-0.2
100
107
110
104
109
119
..
0.5
..
3349
4392
5518
6485
6845
7517
..
3.0
..
30.92
41.60
49.30
60.16
60.41
61.15
61.75
2.8
1.6
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
21.65
23.30
25.03
28.95
31.13
33.18
32.85
0.9
90-04
2.0
3.87
3.65
4.10
3.62
3.79
3.97
3.30
0.3
-1.5
12.28
12.23
10.59
12.20
13.33
14.25
14.25
-0.9
2.1
Gas
3.30
4.16
5.18
6.52
6.98
7.55
7.69
2.7
2.9
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.72
1.14
2.47
3.04
3.41
3.67
3.92
7.5
3.4
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
12.9
0.01
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.17
19.0
1.61
2.47
2.71
3.60
3.43
3.13
3.21
3.1
1.2
-0.13
-0.34
-0.04
-0.12
0.06
0.48
0.26
-6.9
Oil
Hydro
Heat

Austria
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
-
16.8
19.2
29.1
32.5
43.5
41.8
42.0
38.4
of which:
0.6
0.4
0.4
1.0
1.7
1.7
2.1
2.0
Geothermal
0.0
0.0
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.4
12.0
12.2
12.9
17.8
18.3
20.3
20.3
24.4
3.7
3.2
2.9
7.0
6.7
7.6
7.7
9.4
Oil
Gas
3.5
4.3
5.8
1.9
1.6
1.8
1.3
1.8
4.6
4.4
3.8
7.7
8.3
9.0
9.4
11.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
1.2
1.8
1.9
1.9
2.0
28.8
31.3
42.0
50.3
61.8
62.3
62.5
63.2
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.9
1.5
1.6
1.4
1.5
27.7
30.3
40.8
48.4
60.3
60.7
61.1
61.7
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.0
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.6
0.5
1.4
1.9
2.0
2.5
2.4
Imports
2.2
3.3
3.2
6.8
13.8
14.5
15.4
19.0
Exports
4.8
4.8
7.1
7.3
15.2
14.3
14.7
13.4
24.3
28.2
36.3
46.1
56.3
58.2
59.3
64.9
2.1
2.3
2.6
3.0
3.4
3.1
3.1
3.0
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.0
21.8
25.3
33.0
42.3
51.9
54.0
55.1
60.8
28.2
30.9
41.6
49.3
60.2
60.7
60.4
61.2
26.2
29.8
38.0
49.8
60.5
62.6
63.2
68.8
33.7
43.2
53.0
55.1
56.1
61.9
22.3
25.9

Austria
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
33.41
41.60
49.30
60.16
60.41
61.15
61.75
2.5
Coal
3.36
2.92
7.01
6.67
7.66
9.44
9.01
4.7
1.8
Oil
3.07
5.81
1.88
1.55
1.31
1.75
1.79
-3.0
-0.4
Gas
4.58
3.82
7.72
8.26
9.42
11.22
10.51
3.3
2.2
0.21
0.32
1.18
1.78
1.88
2.02
2.12
11.3
4.2
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.6
0.07
0.21
0.38
0.94
22.19
28.73
31.51
41.84
39.93
36.34
37.38
2.2
1.2
0.48
0.37
1.00
1.66
2.07
2.02
2.54
4.7
6.9
Total
28.01
35.99
42.41
51.50
52.78
53.96
..
2.6
..
Coal
2.85
2.50
5.98
5.33
6.34
8.18
..
4.7
..
Oil
1.83
4.27
1.30
0.77
0.52
0.98
..
-2.1
..
Gas
3.20
2.58
5.99
5.46
6.92
8.77
..
4.0
..
Hydro
of which:
0.03
0.11
0.28
0.37
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
..
..
0.07
0.21
0.38
..
..
20.12
26.65
29.11
39.75
38.51
35.28
..
2.3
..
0.48
0.37
1.00
1.66
2.07
2.02
..
4.7
..
Total
5.40
5.61
6.89
8.66
7.63
7.20
..
1.5
..
Coal
0.51
0.42
1.03
1.34
1.32
1.26
..
4.5
..
Oil
1.24
1.54
0.58
0.79
0.79
0.77
..
-4.6
..
Gas
1.38
1.24
1.73
2.79
2.50
2.45
..
1.4
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
0.21
0.32
1.15
1.66
1.60
1.66
..
11.1
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
2.06
2.08
2.40
2.09
1.42
1.06
..
0.9
..
..
..
Hydro

Austria
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
7817
28537
39303
48415
50978
55480
53784
80-95 95-04
11.4
3.5
Coal
5066
5556
2987
3612
3490
3383
-5.4
Oil
8338
10455
10349
8157
8091
7844
-3.1
Gas
11126
15389
23276
25320
28043
27186
6.5
3907
7769
11385
13497
15426
14954
7.5
7817
Nuclear
18.3
Geothermal
91
91
378
389
427
414
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
43
40
-25.6
Total
7817
24518
34485
43022
47149
51216
..
10.4
..
Coal
4684
5268
2682
3231
3152
..
..
Oil
5982
8641
7458
5972
6296
..
..
Gas
10594
14048
22050
24558
26638
..
..
3158
6394
10414
12996
14700
..
..
7817
..
..
of which:
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
91
91
378
389
427
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
43
40
..
..
Total
4019
4818
5393
3829
4264
..
..
Coal
382
288
305
381
338
..
..
Oil
2356
1814
2891
2185
1795
..
..
Gas
532
1341
1226
762
1405
..
..
749
1375
971
501
726
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Autoproducers
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Austria
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
28.76
31.33
33.88
41.97
50.29
61.82
62.34
62.48
63.17
16.77
19.16
22.66
29.09
32.51
43.50
41.84
42.00
38.37
2.02
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.41
0.48
0.37
1.00
1.66
1.65
2.07
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.07
0.17
0.20
0.37

Combustible Fuels
11.99
12.17
11.22
12.88
17.79
18.25
20.33
20.27
24.43
of which:
Coal
3.70
3.19
3.36
2.92
7.01
6.67
7.57
7.66
9.44
Oil
3.47
4.35
3.07
5.81
1.88
1.55
1.82
1.31
1.75
Gas
4.58
4.43
4.58
3.82
7.72
8.26
9.04
9.42
11.22
0.23
0.20
0.21
0.32
1.18
1.78
1.91
1.88
2.02
(1)
27.71
30.31
32.88
40.78
48.42
60.34
60.75
61.07
61.68
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
22.48
28.86
31.66
43.06
41.41
41.73
38.26
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.47
0.36
0.99
1.66
1.65
2.07
2.02
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.00
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.07
0.17
0.20
0.37
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
10.39
11.92
16.77
17.22
19.16
19.13
23.04

Austria
(GWh)
Total
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
3090
3272
6062
8305
8319
7334
6905
2.8
565
26
539
-
692
40
652
-
742
46
696
-
788
47
741
-
776
36
740
-
3048
865
643
144
6
7
47
116
1080
28
109
3
3246
850
667
72
8
9
24
121
1382
27
76
10
3580
1038
369
33
2
23
140
1875
30
65
5
6293
1419
456
252
106
61
94
11
283
3293
150
122
46
4552
1281
505
11
14
8
143
2523
49
7
11
5325
1513
806
9
85
9
20
165
2631
42
22
23
5394
1523
611
92
10
50
153
2881
41
19
14
2.0
2.0
-0.2
-1.5
1.8
7.0
1.0
3.4
1.3
-5.8
5.5
861
861
1034
1034
1068
1068
712
712
532
532
42
42
26
26
1056
1031
25
-
286
254
32
-
1957
1925
32
-
509
487
22
-
203
184
19
-
5.6
-
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Austria
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
3.26
2.98
4.44
4.79
5.05
5.12
6.03
1.8
2.4
Coal
0.87
0.84
1.70
1.47
1.72
1.64
1.97
4.0
1.1
Oil
1.21
1.17 e
0.67
0.66 e
0.67
0.50
0.55
-3.4
-1.6
Gas
1.15
0.89
1.77
1.96
1.94
2.10
2.53
2.5
2.8
0.03
0.08
0.30
0.70
0.72
0.88
0.98
15.3
9.5
Total
..
2.32
3.35
3.33
3.72
3.75
4.68
..
2.6
Coal
..
0.70
1.46
1.19
1.45
1.34
1.69
..
1.1
Oil
..
0.88 e
0.37
0.36
0.40
0.25
0.33
..
-0.9
Gas
..
0.74
1.41
1.45
1.45
1.68
2.09
..
3.1
..
0.11
0.33
0.42
0.49
0.58
..
13.86

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.61
2.47
2.71
3.60
3.47
3.45
3.16
3.1
1.2
1.61
2.47
2.71
3.60
3.46
3.43
3.13
3.1
1.1
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Austria
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003
Hard Coal and Patent Fuel

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
14
964
1213
1403
1384
1921
23.9
343
26992
34104
39510
37909
52641
24.5
26
2773
3893
4511
4699
6530
27.2
-1.8
2104
1189
1168
1418
1316
1393
25422
13013
11497
13658
12808
13180
-2.8
2570
1528
1213
1441
1393
1437
-2.5
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
8513
8853
9879
8039
325
906
916
960
816
4.1
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
916
28
176
193
37
156
-7.4
37170
1138
7006
7527
1597
6218
-7.5
5806
136
751
926
153
640
-9.1
24706
41467
40226
42936
34757
45103
2.7
3824
4165
5132
5812
4406
5326
1.5
Fuel Input (TJ)
2618
3882
4457
6661
10167
516
469
533
599
656
Fuel Input (TJ)
948
327
1262
1458
52
22
53
47
Fuel Input (TJ)
595
595
667
1551
37
37
42
150
Fuel Input (TJ)
635
992
518
628
60
97
31
37
87641
85228
107406
118855
106058
138985
2.0

12551
9118
12513
14295
12336
15639
1.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Austria
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
457
12796
1038
2512
209
5694
446
2416
275
7675
537
3700
233
6469
454
2969
215
5999
403
2838
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
935
10192
854
1927
61
792
79
269
92
1292
108
561
74
721
68
262
84
742
75
314
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
8207
815
382
1492
132
262
1404
54
794
1239
88
381
1700
176
265

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
513
21763
1745
4645
375
13983
801
7133
351
12746
889
6768
374
14864
1161
6490
372
14704
1112
6896

Fuel Input (TJ)
32407
3552
5668
40841
3123
16358
41218
3226
18629
54924
5010
19398
64065
5889
21899
3257
324
-
3049
600
-
8780
1040
129
6643
988
799
9470
981
700
6806
934
1032
3.3
4.7
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
2542
38
749
1018
28
642
1528
153
579
1640
108
767
1417
137
631
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
1724
27
1345
2233
47
1595
2235
51
1591
2283
37
1567
2426
36
1699
740
24
228
788
25
237
807
25
253
75481
6030
33649
92398
7932
32771
98666
8787
35827
16.0
15.4
6.8

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
798
42
216
Fuel Input (TJ)
3257
92680
75631
324
8669
5738
7817
17228
29020
Austria
11. HEAT PRODUCED FOR SALE FROM COMBUSTIBLE FUELS
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
166
..
..
154
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
21
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
274
..
..
245
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
50
91
..
..
40
73
..
Peat

Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
102
96
126
52
39
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
4186
4019
5078
2084
1493
..
..
3693
3216
4063
1667
1195
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
8307
10317
6102
8166
8393
..
..
5458
6918
4794
5922
6144
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
2045
8937
10910
11680
14058
..
..
1404
7619
9582
8760
10526
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
50
46
..
..
38
37
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
690
1692
1779
1965
1807
..
..
409
1184
1222
1466
1219
..
..
37
..
..
29
..
..
15502
25015
24085
23895
25925
..

..
11209
18977
19853
17815
19223
..
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Austria
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
16.83
18.90
20.14
24.37
26.05
26.28
28.08
1.1
2.6
1.99
1.94
1.46
1.21
1.10
1.07
1.05
-1.8
-2.5
10.17
10.01
9.19
10.96
11.68
12.16
13.12
-0.6
2.8
1.81
2.86
3.05
4.28
4.66
4.51
4.62
3.1
3.2
0.69
1.06
2.17
2.34
2.65
2.53
2.68
7.0
1.7
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
14.7
0.01
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.08
13.7
2.18
2.84
3.64
4.47
4.64
4.74
5.23
3.1
2.8
0.19
0.61
1.05
1.24
1.19
1.29
5.9
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
5.52
5.51
5.93
7.20
7.40
7.45
7.95
0.4
2.3
0.74
0.91
0.70
0.95
0.87
0.85
0.86
-0.4
1.6
2.40
1.06
1.02
1.30
1.34
1.34
1.58
-4.9
3.4
1.31
2.11
1.98
2.29
2.37
2.44
2.38
2.5
1.4
0.03
0.21
0.61
0.74
0.83
0.79
0.80
18.4
2.1
1.04
1.22
1.55
1.75
1.81
1.83
2.11
2.3
2.4
0.08
0.16
0.18
0.18
0.22
8.1
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
4.04
4.29
4.73
6.43
6.73
7.34
7.77
0.9
3.9
0.11
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-21.1
-8.2
3.75
4.04
4.40
5.89
6.22
6.83
7.27
0.9
3.9
0.02
0.03
0.10
0.23
0.20
0.22
0.21
9.9
6.2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-1.9
13.0
0.15
0.20
0.24
0.30
0.30
0.28
0.28
2.7
1.3
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.08
0.91
0.72
0.66
0.69
0.67
0.69
14.0
-0.4
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.7
-9.4
0.82
0.51
0.41
0.42
0.40
0.41
-1.7
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
5.8
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.13
0.14
37.8
3.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12.3
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
1.6
1.1
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
5.7
Austria
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.50
0.04
0.01
0.05
0.39
-
1.84
0.11
0.85
0.30
0.58
-
1.76
0.02
0.40
0.19
0.08
0.00
0.01
0.78
0.28
2.36
0.01
0.27
0.45
0.06
0.00
0.01
1.10
0.44
2.72
0.01
0.30
0.66
0.07
0.00
0.02
1.13
0.54
2.45
0.01
0.29
0.44
0.07
0.01
0.02
1.14
0.49
2.76
0.01
0.37
0.42
0.07
0.01
0.02
1.31
0.57
7.7
-3.4
22.1
8.3
4.2
-
3.5
-10.5
-0.8
6.5
-1.0
14.7
6.9
4.1
5.5
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
5.74
1.08
3.06
0.43
0.65
0.52
-
5.12
0.90
2.20
0.41
0.85
0.75
-
5.85
0.71
1.73
0.78
1.39
0.01
0.99
0.25
6.42
0.23
1.80
1.29
1.41
0.05
1.21
0.44
7.12
0.21
2.04
1.42
1.60
0.05
1.29
0.51
7.02
0.19
1.96
1.40
1.53
0.05
1.38
0.51
7.54
0.16
2.13
1.59
1.67
0.06
1.43
0.50
0.1
-2.4
-3.3
3.5
4.5
3.8
-
2.0
-10.7
1.6
5.6
1.4
16.9
2.9
5.6
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.19
-
0.19
Heat

Austria
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
16.83
18.90
19.31
20.14
21.79
24.37
26.05
26.28
28.08
Total Industry
5.52
5.51
5.34
5.93
6.11
7.20
7.40
7.45
7.95
Iron and Steel
1.40
1.36
1.41
0.90
0.81
1.26
1.22
1.19
1.25
0.77
0.99
0.78
0.88
0.80
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.14
Non-ferrous Metals
0.17
0.19
0.15
0.16
0.10
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.15
1.07
0.67
0.50
0.63
0.72
0.67
0.67
0.71
0.74
Transport Equipment
0.06
0.10
0.11
0.26
0.30
0.27
0.29
0.24
0.26
Machinery
0.22
0.19
0.11
0.29
0.37
0.40
0.42
0.39
0.43
0.23
0.17
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.21
Food and Tobacco
0.36
0.33
0.39
0.43
0.48
0.55
0.55
0.62
0.64
0.57
0.79
0.89
1.20
1.19
1.38
1.39
1.35
1.41
0.11
0.09
0.07
0.18
0.18
0.31
0.38
0.36
0.38
TFC
Construction
0.01
0.09
0.11
0.37
0.48
0.70
0.76
0.86
0.96
Textile and Leather
0.26
0.16
0.15
0.18
0.17
0.16
0.17
0.15
0.17
Non Specified/Other
0.30
0.39
0.56
0.33
0.37
0.17
0.19
0.18
0.20
10.36
12.35
12.87
13.06
14.64
15.87
17.26
17.48
18.76
Agriculture
0.08
0.91
0.82
0.72
0.65
0.66
0.69
0.67
0.69
0.50
1.84
1.86
1.76
2.32
2.36
2.72
2.45
2.76
Residential
5.74
5.12
5.93
5.85
6.27
6.42
7.12
7.02
7.54
Transport
4.04
4.29
4.26
4.73
5.41
6.43
6.73
7.34
7.77

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.19
0.95
1.04
1.11
1.14
1.04
1.30
1.38
1.35
1.37
2.18
2.84
3.19
3.64
3.97
4.47
4.64
4.74
5.23
Total Industry
1.04
1.22
1.48
1.55
1.63
1.75
1.81
1.83
2.11
Iron and Steel
0.16
0.18
0.23
0.10
0.13
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.29
0.18
0.22
0.13
0.18
0.19
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.33
Non-ferrous Metals
0.16
0.18
0.14
0.12
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.16
Transport Equipment
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07
Machinery
0.08
0.10
0.05
0.14
0.16
0.19
0.20
0.19
0.22
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
Food and Tobacco
0.05
0.07
0.12
0.13
0.15
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.19
0.24
0.31
0.37
0.41
0.40
0.41
0.47
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.09
Construction
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Textile and Leather
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
Non Specified/Other
0.01
0.01
0.27
0.22
0.24
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.11
1.13
1.62
1.71
2.10
2.34
2.71
2.83
2.91
3.12
Agriculture
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.39
0.58
0.70
0.78
0.84
1.10
1.13
1.14
1.31
Residential
0.52
0.75
0.72
0.99
1.12
1.21
1.29
1.38
1.43
Transport
0.15
0.20
0.21
0.24
0.28
0.30
0.30
0.28
0.28

Austria
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
25.86
33.66
43.15
52.96
55.13
56.12
61.90
3.1
2.8
Industry
12.12
14.17
17.98
20.39
21.10
21.29
24.54
2.3
2.4
Transport
1.75
2.28
2.77
3.48
3.53
3.29
3.29
2.7
1.3
Agriculture
0.81
1.07
1.06
1.22
1.22
1.22
1.22
1.6
1.1
4.55
6.73
9.08
12.76
13.10
13.21
15.23
4.2
4.1
Residential
Energy(1)
6.07
8.77
11.46
14.09
15.01
16.10
16.57
3.8
2.9
0.56
0.65
0.81
1.03
1.18
1.01
1.05
2.1
2.0
2.22
2.89
3.71
4.55
4.74
4.83
5.32
3.1
2.8


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
12.12
14.17
17.98
20.39
21.10
21.29
24.54
2.3
90-03
2.4
1.85
2.05
1.18
2.64
2.80
2.89
3.33
-2.6
8.3
2.07
2.51
2.14
3.09
3.26
3.35
3.86
0.2
4.7
Non-Ferrous Metals
1.85
2.04
1.39
0.66
0.64
0.67
0.77
-1.7
-4.4
1.17
1.24
1.38
1.40
1.52
1.63
1.87
1.0
2.4
Transport Equipment
0.21
0.28
0.42
0.71
0.70
0.75
0.86
4.1
5.7
Machinery
0.96
1.22
1.57
2.24
2.35
2.23
2.57
2.9
3.9
0.44
0.49
0.43
0.55
0.57
0.65
0.75
-0.1
4.4
Food and Tobacco
0.59
0.78
1.50
1.31
1.33
1.33
1.54
5.6
0.2
1.80
2.25
3.63
4.73
4.70
4.78
5.51
4.2
3.3
0.40
0.55
0.65
0.93
1.05
0.94
1.08
2.9
4.0
-1.1
Construction
0.08
0.09
0.46
0.37
0.36
0.35
0.40
11.2
0.64
0.64
0.72
0.60
0.64
0.64
0.74
0.7
0.2
Non Specified/Other
0.07
0.06
2.52
1.15
1.18
1.10
1.27
24.0
-5.1

1.04
1.22
1.55
1.75
1.81
1.83
2.11
2.3
2.4
Austria
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.26
3.16
6.05
6.84
7.29
13.82
14.47
15.38
19.00
3.08
6.82
7.22
13.80
14.40
15.29
18.81
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
2.98
2.08
5.39
5.73
5.94
7.63
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
2.89
3.56
4.58
7.36
6.78
8.23
10.17
Greece
Hungary
0.21
0.27
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
0.20
0.08
0.29
0.21
0.73
0.25
0.37
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
3.26
3.16
2.97
0.02
0.07
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.20
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.02
0.07
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.20
-
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.02
0.07
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.20
3.16
2.97
Others
3.26
Austria
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
4.81
7.14
7.77
7.30
9.76
15.19
14.25
14.68
13.39
5.76
5.93
7.90
11.96
11.33
11.40
10.31
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
0.05
0.01
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
4.19
3.18
4.01
5.41
5.59
4.90
4.12
Greece
Hungary
0.23
0.58
0.43
0.23
0.49
0.47
Ireland
Italy
1.55
1.70
1.32
1.95
1.86
1.79
1.66
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
0.03
0.77
1.97
4.17
3.64
4.22
4.06
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
4.81
7.14
2.01
1.37
1.86
3.24
2.92
3.28
3.08
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
1.37
1.86
3.24
2.92
3.28
3.08
-
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
1.37
1.86
3.24
2.92
3.28
3.08
7.14
2.01
Others
4.81
Austria
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.70
11.36
13.66
15.09
15.65
16.11
16.00
16.92
18.62

Total Capacity
Nuclear
5.50
7.72
9.60
10.35
10.62
10.99
10.99
11.70
13.19
2.98
3.57
3.57
3.57
3.57
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.05
0.07
0.13
0.34
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
2.20
3.64
4.06
4.74
5.03
5.06
4.94
5.08
5.08
of which:
Single-fired:
0.80
0.68
0.72
0.49
0.58
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.56
Liquid Fuels
0.51
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.21
0.16
0.25
0.25
0.25
Natural Gas
0.90
0.50
0.35
0.34
0.27
0.45
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.20
0.24
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
Solid / Natural Gas
0.97
1.00
0.96
0.96
0.96
0.96
2.48
2.42
2.51
2.61
2.12
2.26
2.26
2.36
0.21
0.20
0.23
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
Type of Generation
Steam
2.20 e
3.64 e
3.75
4.25
4.16
4.22
4.08
4.22
4.22
Internal Combustion
0.03
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
Gas Turbine
0.31
0.47
0.28
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
Combined Cycle
0.51
0.54
0.55
0.55
0.55
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
6.91
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
9.00
..
..
..
..
Austria
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.29
1.57
1.59
1.60
1.79
1.63
1.67
1.67
1.67
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.48
0.48
0.57
0.60
0.68
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.56
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.81
1.09
1.02
1.00
1.11
1.07
1.10
1.10
1.10
Hydro
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
..
0.01
Liquid Fuels
0.21
..
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Natural Gas
0.13
..
0.28
0.31
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.14
..
0.20
0.32
0.30
0.30
0.30
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.28
..
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
Solid / Natural Gas
0.08
..
0.27
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.15
..
0.22
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.81
1.09
0.03
..
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00

Type of Generation
Steam
0.81 e
1.09 e
1.02
..
0.60
0.57
0.61
0.61
0.61
Internal Combustion
..
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.05
Gas Turbine
..
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Combined Cycle
..
0.45
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
Other
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Austria
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..
c
c
..

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
172.67
100.14
100.80
157.05
154.79
199.20
107.77
238.37
291.56
259
104
112
236
161
221
162
248
324
63.15
104.94
122.74
Euro/ toe
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
95
109
136

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0417
-
0.0476
-
0.0589
-
0.0540
-
0.0415
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0771
0.0200
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0843
0.0062
0.0952
0.0070
0.1272
0.0212
0.1286
0.0214
0.1275
0.0368
0.1324
0.0371
0.1379
0.0430
0.1348
0.0425
0.1423
0.0442

Belgium
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
46.32
47.01
49.11
58.89
56.54
59.16
57.49
0.3
1.1
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
125.70
151.09
184.36
228.42
232.14
235.06
241.40
2.3
1.9
0.37
0.31
0.27
0.26
0.24
0.25
0.24
-1.9
-0.8
TPES/population(2)
9.73
9.83
9.97
10.25
10.33
10.37
10.39
0.1
0.3
4.76
4.78
4.93
5.75
5.47
5.70
5.53
0.2
0.8
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
84
72
70
66
68
65
-1.9
-0.8
100
105
116
125
124
125
..
0.9
..
3518
4410
5819
7571
7597
7688
..
3.0
..
40.62
53.09
70.29
82.77
80.94
83.56
84.79
3.3
1.3
TPES (Mtoe)
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
46.32
47.01
49.11
58.89
56.54
59.16
57.49
0.3
1.1
Coal
11.18
11.40
10.65
7.95
6.32
5.91
6.08
-0.3
-3.9
Oil
TPES (Mtoe)
90-04
28.02
23.58
18.75
23.77
22.90
24.76
22.45
-2.3
1.3
Gas
7.14
8.91
8.17
13.36
13.37
14.40
14.41
0.8
4.1
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.01
0.06
0.70
0.84
0.92
1.16
1.28
29.5
4.4
Nuclear
0.02
3.27
11.13
12.55
12.34
12.35
12.56
45.1
0.9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.8
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
17.3
Geothermal
Hydro
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.03
2.6
1.9
-0.06
-0.23
-0.32
0.37
0.65
0.55
0.67
9.8
Heat

Belgium
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.1
12.5
42.7
48.2
46.3
47.4
47.4
0.2
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.3
Nuclear
Hydro
of which:
0.0
0.5
0.6
0.6
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
33.1
40.4
40.3
27.3
34.1
31.8
33.2
35.8
8.9
8.8
15.6
19.9
16.0
12.8
12.7
11.6
18.0
21.8
18.4
1.3
0.8
1.7
1.0
1.0
6.2
9.6
6.0
5.4
16.0
15.8
17.9
21.6
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
0.1
0.3
0.7
1.3
1.6
1.7
1.6
33.3
41.1
53.6
70.9
84.0
79.8
82.1
84.6
1.7
1.9
2.6
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.9
3.8
31.6
39.1
51.0
67.3
80.3
76.2
78.1
80.9
Used for Heat Pumps

0.0
0.6
0.7
0.8
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.4
14.7
Imports
1.1
1.7
6.3
4.8
11.6
15.8
16.7
Exports
1.6
2.4
8.9
8.5
7.3
6.7
9.1
8.3
31.1
37.7
47.6
62.7
83.0
83.7
84.2
85.8
1.6
1.9
2.8
3.6
3.8
3.9
3.8
3.8
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.1
1.6
1.7
2.0
2.3
27.9
34.2
43.3
58.0
77.5
78.1
78.4
79.7
33.2
40.6
53.1
70.3
82.8
78.6
80.9
83.6
32.8
40.3
51.0
67.2
88.3
88.9
89.7
91.0
44.9
59.1
79.2
79.8
80.4
82.1
29.4
35.8

Belgium
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
42.31
53.09
70.29
82.77
80.94
83.56
84.79
3.2
1.3
Coal
11.06
15.59
19.86
16.03
12.66
11.61
11.31
3.7
-3.9
Oil
19.88
18.41
1.31
0.80
0.97
1.01
1.58
-15.6
1.3
Gas
10.88
5.97
5.41
15.98
17.87
21.61
21.41
-4.3
10.3
0.11
0.30
0.72
1.34
1.66
1.62
1.81
12.6
6.8
Nuclear
0.15
12.55
42.72
48.16
47.36
47.38
48.21
42.5
0.9
23.1
Geothermal
Hydro
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.13
0.24
0.28
0.27
0.46
0.36
0.25
0.35
0.6
1.9
0.45
0.55
0.63
1.24
1.13
1.07
1.30
2.2
5.3
30.58
49.33
67.55
81.07
79.75
82.33
..
5.1
..
13.95
18.61
15.66
12.61
11.51
..
7.1
..
16.47
17.68
0.82
0.42
0.73
0.82
..
-17.1
..
7.51
4.83
4.77
15.48
17.59
21.08
..
-2.8
..
of which:
Total
Coal
6.18 e
Oil
Gas
0.05
0.04
0.36
0.87
1.05
1.21
..
13.6
..
Nuclear
0.14
12.55
42.72
48.16
47.36
47.38
..
43.2
..
..
..
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.09
..
..
Geothermal
Hydro
0.24
0.28
0.27
0.46
0.36
0.25
..
0.7
..
0.45
0.55
0.63
1.24
1.13
1.07
..
2.2
..
Total
11.74
3.76
2.75
1.71
1.19
1.23
..
-8.7
..
Coal
4.88
1.64
1.25
0.37
0.05
0.10
..
-8.2
..
Oil
3.41
0.73
0.50
0.38
0.24
0.19
..
-11.4
..
Gas
3.37
1.14
0.64
0.49
0.28
0.53
..
-9.9
..
0.06
0.26
0.36
0.46
0.62
0.41
..
11.8
..
Nuclear
0.01
..
..
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
..
0.00

Autoproducers
Geothermal
Hydro

..
..
..
..
Belgium
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
17128
9699
9930
23118
22805
23017
23085
80-95 95-04
-3.6
Coal
1679
1579
1880
0.8
Oil
6301
2762
3233
85
-4.4
Gas
9.8
8729
4990
4629
22201
21526
21112
20901
-4.1
18.2
419
368
188
832
1279
1905
2184
-5.2
31.3
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
17128
9699
9930
23118
22805
23017
..
-3.6
..
Coal
1679
1579
1880
..
0.8
..
Oil
6301
2762
3233
85
..
-4.4
..
Gas
8729
4990
4629
22201
21526
21112
..
-4.1
..
419
368
188
832
1279
1905
..
-5.2
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
of which:
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Belgium
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
33.26
41.07
42.76
53.64
70.92
84.01
79.82
82.07
84.63
0.08
0.15
12.55
42.72
48.16
46.35
47.36
47.38
0.16
0.62
0.69
0.83
0.90
1.70
1.64
1.49
1.32
1.07
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.63
1.24
1.20
1.13
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.09

Combustible Fuels
33.10
40.37
41.93
40.26
27.30
34.14
31.79
33.16
35.85
of which:
Coal
Oil
Gas
(1)
8.94
8.81
11.06
15.59
19.86
16.03
12.76
12.66
11.61
17.99
21.82
19.88
18.41
1.31
0.80
1.66
0.97
1.01
6.17
9.63
10.88
5.97
5.41
15.98
15.78
17.87
21.61
0.12
0.11
0.30
0.72
1.34
1.58
1.66
1.62
31.60
39.12
40.76
51.02
67.27
80.27
76.22
78.15
80.86
Nuclear
..
..
0.14
11.91
40.55
45.75
44.01
44.99
44.92
Hydro
..
..
0.68
0.82
0.89
1.69
1.64
1.48
1.30
1.06
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.44
0.55
0.62
1.24
1.20
1.12
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.09
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
39.95
38.29
25.83
32.81
30.54
31.63
34.55

Belgium
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
11103
3527
2565
1548
1352
1070
1123
-7.6
1914
1914
597
597
569
142
427
88
88
-
85
85
-
13
13
-
9187
1693
873
453
18
168
335
118
5529
2928
1140
755
248
29
205
219
106
226
1995
761
602
147
4
298
178
5
-
1150
244
371
95
4
1
235
191
9
1062
166
414
90
1
1
199
191
-
1010
1
447
108
3
1
255
194
1
1064
3
439
126
5
3
271
217
-
-7.2
-19.6
-2.3
-4.3
-6.0
1.7
-1.5
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
1
1
1
1
1
1
Other
Residential
Agriculture
2
2
2
2
1
1
309
37
12
260
204
33
10
161
46
31
13
2
59
43
14
2
12.4
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Belgium
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
9.95
9.39
6.57
7.12
6.57
6.69
7.55
-2.4
1.1
Coal
2.76
3.86
4.61
3.28
2.82
2.81
2.63
3.1
-4.2
Oil
4.92
3.87 e
0.26 e
0.17
0.27 e
0.16
0.26
-16.0
0.1
Gas
2.26
1.60
1.32
3.17 e
2.90 e
3.16 e
3.95 e
-3.1
8.8
0.01
0.06
0.38 e
0.50 e
0.58 e
0.56
0.71
24.9
5.0
Total
..
8.31
5.85
6.67
6.18
6.40
7.20
..
1.6
Coal
..
3.34
4.22
3.15
2.72
2.80
2.60
..
-3.7
Oil
..
3.71 e
0.18 e
0.10
0.20 e
0.11
0.22
..
1.6
Gas
..
1.23
1.16
3.04 e
2.83 e
3.08 e
3.79 e
..
9.5
0.38 e
0.42 e
0.40
0.59
..
5.66
..
0.02
0.29 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.02
3.27
11.13
12.55
12.08
12.34
12.35
45.1
0.8
Thermal
Total
0.02
3.27
11.13
12.55
12.08
12.34
12.35
45.1
0.8
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.03
2.8
1.6
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.02
2.6
-0.6
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
21.5
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Belgium
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

3771
4459
4309
3711
3752
3584
-0.2
86493
108892
124999
93177
94222
90824
0.2
9337
11585
12827
9842
9976
9541
0.1
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
26747
18233
27480
23153
23228
15742
-2.3
2397
1674
3114
2828
2631
1514
-2.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
3749
157
77
232
142
200
-12.0
151204
6349
3120
9448
5731
8138
-11.9
15987
839
369
1236
729
808
-12.2
61950
53411
86829 e
76924 e
83894 e
116520 e
2.8
5968
5160
11310
11068
12168
15542
4.2
Fuel Input (TJ)
608
114
178
982
1884
135
11
17
95
178
Fuel Input (TJ)
3226
965
317
567
1464
231
72
36
63
86
Fuel Input (TJ)
11434
12466
13080
11996
12069
350
657
724
731
607
Fuel Input (TJ)
146 e
831
1180
1290
1436
78
100
110
134
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)
326394

33989
202299 e
256804 e
217457 e
221910 e
248077 e
-1.2
19981
28438
25851
26503
28410
-0.8

Belgium
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1806
37926
3477
1650
2178
53348
5510
1508
65
1659
89
-
70
1752
94
-
20
507
53
-
36
925
97
-
-15.7
-14.9
-14.4
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
3657
378
29
10487
1086
71
3447
456
-
-0.3
0.8
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
505
20200
2420
6301
171
6836
475
2762
77
3029
428
69
111
3227
428
135
53
2060
243
-
38
1545
199
-
-10.6
-10.6
-10.3
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
12722
8729
7938
245
4990
59407 e
4667
21133
57243 e
4712
21051
63292 e
5700
21526
67440 e
6067
21112

Fuel Input (TJ)
652
153
-
644
156
-
699
176
-
772
199
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
4719
313
78
6816
491
314
5921
430
21
4310
198
-
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
592
32
270
992
32
530
972
30
524
6046
181
1626
218
27
26
401
40
63
73669 e
6659
22097
84886 e
7437
22801

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
249
261
20
27
41
30
Fuel Input (TJ)
74505
78609
70307 e
70935 e
6275
7316
5702
5940
17128
9331
21591
22060
7.5
3.9
0.6
0.7
1.3
Belgium
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
23
15
16
10
Fuel Input (TJ)
1382
956
1068
774
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
88
21
53
68
19
47
Fuel Input (TJ)
330 e
471
786
786
1435
300
424
708
708
216
418 e
1897
1810
786
1435
368
1527
1539
708
216
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)


Belgium
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
34.55
32.99
33.21
42.26
43.05
40.92
42.67
-0.2
1.9
5.71
4.24
3.53
2.62
2.88
1.76
1.80
-2.8
-5.1
20.98
17.56
17.32
21.98
22.35
21.17
22.55
-1.1
2.0
4.60
7.08
6.82
10.16
10.25
10.40
10.49
2.3
3.4
0.32
0.33
0.37
0.36
0.45
2.5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.7
2.94
3.73
4.99
6.67
6.72
6.75
6.86
3.2
2.5
0.32
0.39
0.22
0.49
0.48
0.47
0.51
-2.2
6.7
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
15.96
13.10
12.43
17.22
17.46
15.78
15.49
-1.5
1.7
3.54
3.20
3.01
2.42
2.66
1.56
1.64
-1.0
-4.6
7.02
3.84
3.17
5.43
5.83
4.93
4.47
-4.6
2.7
3.15
3.63
3.30
5.33
4.98
5.33
5.23
0.3
3.6
0.14
0.18
0.19
0.21
0.26
4.8
1.93
2.06
2.62
3.43
3.37
3.35
3.44
1.8
2.1
0.32
0.36
0.19
0.43
0.42
0.41
0.45
-3.1
7.0
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
5.04
5.93
7.88
9.86
9.73
9.84
10.38
2.7
2.1
0.01
0.00
4.96
5.84
7.78
9.73
9.61
9.71
10.25
2.7
2.1
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
2.5
1.4
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.46
0.51
0.50
0.70
0.73
0.62
0.84
0.5
4.1
0.46
0.51
0.50
0.67
0.71
0.59
0.82
0.5
3.9
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Belgium
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.07
0.42
0.36
0.29
-
3.00
1.59
0.94
0.46
0.02
2.90
1.18
1.03
0.67
0.01
3.46
0.84
1.54
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.05
0.01
3.65
0.88
1.65
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.01
3.81
1.16
1.61
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.02
0.01
4.09
1.38
1.67
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.02
0.01
6.1
6.3
6.4
5.1
-
2.7
1.2
3.7
3.3
-0.7
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
11.17
2.15
7.27
1.09
0.65
-
9.67
1.03
4.99
2.51
1.13
0.02
8.34
0.52
3.55
2.48
0.19
1.58
0.02
9.54
0.20
3.84
3.29
0.15
0.00
0.00
2.04
0.02 e
9.94
0.22
3.82
3.62
0.17
0.00
0.00
2.10
0.02
9.40
0.20
3.35
3.46
0.15
0.00
0.00
2.23
0.02
9.94
0.16
3.74
3.60
0.19
0.00
0.00
2.24
0.02
-1.7
-8.0
-4.1
5.0
5.3
-
1.4
-8.9
0.4
2.9
0.2
2.7
-1.2
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
0.03
-
0.03
-
0.04
0.00
-
0.41
0.00
0.38
-
51.5
-
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Heat

Belgium
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
34.55
32.99
31.02
33.21
36.74
42.26
43.05
40.92
42.67
Total Industry
15.96
13.10
11.93
12.43
13.05
17.22
17.46
15.78
15.49
Iron and Steel
4.55
3.45
3.14
3.25
2.77
3.57
3.61
2.60
2.72
4.38
4.00
4.20
4.26
5.16
7.82
7.74
7.59
7.08
Non-ferrous Metals
0.35
0.38
0.35
0.35
0.37
0.33
0.31
0.32
0.35
2.17
2.38
1.40
1.44
1.32
1.26
1.14
1.02
1.26
Transport Equipment
0.10
0.12
0.16
0.19
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.23
0.24
Machinery
0.46
0.45
0.41
0.34
0.30
0.26
0.25
0.27
0.34
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Food and Tobacco
0.51
0.55
0.91
0.75
0.65
0.73
0.72
0.72
1.04
0.24
0.24
0.29
0.37
0.50
0.53
0.51
0.56
0.61
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.10
0.12
0.11
0.14
TFC
2003
Construction
0.14
0.15
0.13
0.09
0.14
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.13
Textile and Leather
0.14
0.21
0.23
0.27
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.24
0.34
Non Specified/Other
2.85
1.10
0.63
1.02
1.33
1.97
2.41
1.92
1.21
17.73
19.12
18.30
19.61
22.65
23.58
24.09
23.70
25.66
Agriculture
0.46
0.51
0.37
0.50
1.11
0.70
0.73
0.62
0.84
1.07
3.00
2.62
2.90
3.48
3.46
3.65
3.81
4.09
11.17
9.67
9.07
8.34
9.37
9.54
9.94
9.40
9.94
5.04
5.93
6.24
7.88
8.68
9.86
9.73
9.84
10.38
Residential
Transport
Non-Energy Use(1)
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.41
0.86
0.78
0.79
1.16
1.04
1.46
1.51
1.44
1.51
2.94
3.73
4.15
4.99
5.89
6.67
6.72
6.75
6.86
Total Industry
1.93
2.06
2.20
2.62
2.98
3.43
3.37
3.35
3.44
Iron and Steel
0.44
0.42
0.40
0.44
0.53
0.59
0.57
0.59
0.60
0.63
0.67
0.75
0.85
0.98
1.16
1.13
1.13
1.16
Non-ferrous Metals
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.18
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.15
0.16
0.13
0.18
0.21
0.22
0.21
0.22
0.22
Transport Equipment
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.08
0.09
Machinery
0.12
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.16
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Food and Tobacco
0.11
0.15
0.19
0.24
0.28
0.34
0.35
0.34
0.34
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
Construction
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Textile and Leather
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.15
0.15
0.17
0.17
0.16
0.17
Non Specified/Other
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.11
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.17
1.01
1.67
1.96
2.36
2.91
3.24
3.35
3.40
3.41
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.29
0.46
0.52
0.67
0.88
1.05
1.10
1.02
1.02
Agriculture
Residential
0.65
1.13
1.33
1.58
1.90
2.04
2.10
2.23
2.24
Transport
0.07
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13

Belgium
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
35.81
44.89
59.11
79.17
79.82
80.44
82.07
3.0
2.6
Industry
22.42
23.94
30.52
39.87
39.22
38.93
40.03
1.8
2.1
0.82
0.97
1.25
1.44
1.47
1.46
1.49
2.5
1.4
Transport
Agriculture
0.26
0.26
0.28
0.28
3.36
5.33
7.80
12.24
12.79
11.86
11.91
5.1
3.3
Residential
Energy(1)
7.60
13.11
18.41
23.74
24.40
25.92
26.03
5.3
2.7
1.61
1.54
1.12
1.62
1.67
1.99
2.33
-2.1
5.8
3.08
3.86
5.08
6.81
6.86
6.92
7.06
3.0
2.6


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
22.42
23.94
30.52
39.87
39.22
38.93
40.03
1.8
90-03
2.1
5.09
4.87
5.14
6.88
6.66
6.83
7.02
0.1
2.4
7.35
7.80
9.88
13.48
13.19
13.18
13.54
1.8
2.5
Non-Ferrous Metals
1.51
1.67
2.11
2.05
1.98
2.00
2.08
2.0
-0.1
1.76
1.86
2.09
2.52
2.50
2.52
2.56
1.0
1.6
Transport Equipment
0.63
0.62
0.97
1.14
1.03
0.96
1.00
2.5
0.3
Machinery
1.44
1.72
2.00
2.09
2.09
2.03
2.08
2.0
0.3
0.25
0.28
0.33
0.38
0.38
0.35
0.36
1.7
0.6
Food and Tobacco
1.28
1.78
2.79
3.95
4.04
3.91
4.01
4.7
2.8
1.24
1.28
2.12
2.53
2.47
2.50
2.56
3.2
1.5
0.26
0.34
0.62
0.64
0.69
0.59
0.60
5.3
-0.2
Construction
0.08
0.12
0.08
0.29
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.1
11.0
1.31
1.17
1.69
2.01
1.99
1.92
1.96
1.5
1.1
Non Specified/Other
0.23
0.44
0.72
1.92
1.88
1.84
1.93
6.9
7.9

1.93
2.06
2.62
3.43
3.37
3.35
3.44
1.8
2.1
Belgium
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.65
6.29
5.50
4.79
9.40
11.65
15.82
16.66
14.66
1.65
6.29
5.50
4.79
9.40
11.65
15.82
16.66
14.66
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
1.32
1.10
4.48
2.31
5.71
8.51
11.61
11.59
9.50
Germany
0.11
1.28
0.40
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
0.40
2.04
1.96
Mexico
Netherlands
0.22
3.91
0.62
2.47
3.69
3.13
3.80
3.04
3.21
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Belgium
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.41
8.92
5.54
8.51
5.33
7.32
6.71
9.07
8.25
2.41
8.92
5.54
8.51
5.33
7.32
6.71
9.07
8.25
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.09
7.82
1.78
3.54
1.24
0.20
0.21
0.52
0.87
Germany
0.12
0.02
0.10
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
0.91
1.07
1.03
0.83
1.37
1.97
2.02
1.73
1.61
Mexico
Netherlands
1.29
0.01
2.63
4.13
2.71
5.15
4.49
6.82
5.78
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Belgium
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
7.03
10.14
13.35
13.40
14.25
15.24
15.12
15.14
15.21
Nuclear
0.01
1.67
5.43
5.50
5.63
5.71
5.74
5.76
5.76
Hydro
0.44
1.13
1.33
1.40
1.40
1.41
1.42
1.42
1.42
0.40
1.06
1.24
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.31
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.07


Combustible Fuels
6.57
7.34
6.60
6.49
7.21
8.11
7.93
7.93
7.96
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
1.12
0.39
0.40
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.38
0.37
0.38
Natural Gas
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.99
1.02
1.05
2.10
0.01
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.12
0.11
0.15
0.17
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.49
1.07
1.50
1.49
1.04
0.38
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.06
0.18
0.06
0.11
0.17
0.12
0.12
0.12
1.73
1.52
1.62
1.62
2.03
4.35
4.33
4.30
3.26
3.23
4.23
2.77
2.81
3.52
1.71
1.71
1.68
1.68
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
5.74
5.64
5.33
3.95
3.76
3.81
3.71
Internal Combustion
0.17
0.17
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.23
0.33
Gas Turbine
0.40
0.28
0.28
1.28
1.30
1.23
1.24
Combined Cycle
0.12
1.14
2.67
2.68
2.67
2.68
Other
0.28
0.28
0.28
Peak Load
..
7.92
8.78
10.43
11.76
12.65
12.25
12.54
13.57
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Belgium
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.08
0.88
0.77
0.75
0.67
0.44
0.42
0.41
0.41
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity

Combustible Fuels
1.08
0.88
0.77
0.75
0.67
0.44
0.41
0.41
0.41
of which:
Single-fired:
0.08
0.00
Liquid Fuels
0.13
0.17
0.16
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.14
0.11
Natural Gas
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.11
0.00
0.01
0.09
0.06
0.10
0.10
0.06
0.01

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.12
0.11
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Solid / Natural Gas
0.11
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.07
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.54
0.43
0.40
0.45
0.34
0.19
0.12
0.10
0.10
Type of Generation
Steam
0.70
0.68
0.60
0.32
0.32
0.28
0.34
Internal Combustion
0.13
0.07
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.12
0.09
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Belgium
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
35.54
196.15
c
42.13
173.28
c
36.58
170.20
c
31.81
x
c
58.33
x
c
67
201
c
79
178
c
69
175
c
60
x
c
109
x
c

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
31.61
72.53
65.69
34.56
130.02
114.77
73.48
249.90
206.52
59
74
73
65
133
128
138
256
229
37.68
105.23
102.43
Euro/ toe
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
71
108
114

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0348
-
0.0420
-
0.0632
-
0.0581
-
0.0518
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0897
0.0124
0.1022
0.0141
0.1493
0.0217
0.1381
0.0201
0.1435
0.0263
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Canada
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
159.84
193.00
209.10
251.94
249.21
260.64
260.73
1.6
1.6
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
323.09
408.20
535.63
714.45
752.10
767.13
789.80
3.0
2.8
0.49
0.47
0.39
0.35
0.33
0.34
0.33
-1.4
-1.2
TPES/population(2)
22.49
24.52
27.70
30.69
31.36
31.63
31.85
1.2
1.0
7.11
7.87
7.55
8.21
7.95
8.24
8.19
0.4
0.6
100
96
79
71
67
69
67
-1.4
-1.2
100
109
115
99
96
96
..
0.8
..
9788
12372
15098
15695
15608
15940
..
2.6
..
270.08
373.28
481.94
605.46
601.02
586.90
590.31
3.5
1.5
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
159.84
193.00
209.10
251.94
249.21
260.64
260.73
1.6
1.6
Coal
15.26
21.22
24.27
31.67
29.74
30.04
26.52
2.8
0.6
Oil
79.89
88.92
77.06
87.77
86.10
91.69
97.15
-0.2
1.7
Gas
37.27
45.55
54.73
74.24
73.57
79.17
73.62
2.3
2.1
TPES (Mtoe)
Comb. Renew & Waste
7.81
7.65
8.15
11.50
11.65
11.69
11.71
0.2
2.6
Nuclear
4.07
10.40
19.40
18.97
19.68
19.52
23.56
9.6
1.4
0.00
16.74
21.60
25.52
30.83
30.15
29.03
29.04
2.5
0.9
-1.21
-2.34
-0.03
-3.07
-1.72
-0.58
-0.96
-19.5
28.1
Geothermal
Hydro
Heat
0.03 e

0.04 e
0.08 e
0.10
31.3
Canada
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
4.3
15.3
38.0
73.0
72.8
76.7
75.5
2003
74.9
162.6
194.8
251.2
296.8
358.6
333.4
350.7
337.7
0.1
of which:
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Geothermal
Solar
0.0 e
0.0 e
0.0 e
0.0 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Wind
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.8
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
55.1
60.2
84.1
112.2
173.8
179.2
174.5
173.6
41.7
34.9
59.8
82.2
117.6
117.9
117.4
113.1
6.4
9.1
13.8
16.5
14.7
16.9
14.3
17.4
7.0
16.2
9.2
9.7
33.5
36.0
33.8
33.9
1.3
3.9
8.1
8.5
8.9
9.2
222.0
270.2
373.4
482.1
605.6
589.8
601.1
587.0
5.5
6.9
6.2
14.4
19.0
19.4
19.2
18.9
216.5
263.3
367.2
467.6
586.5
570.4
582.0
568.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
Imports
3.4
2.2
2.9
17.8
15.3
16.1
16.1
24.5
Exports
7.0
16.3
30.2
18.1
51.0
39.2
36.1
31.2
212.6
249.0
339.7
467.1
550.7
547.0
561.7
561.2
17.1
25.8
32.2
34.1
47.3
44.4
49.4
33.4
2.8
3.2
4.3
14.9
21.9
22.2
23.0
23.7
192.8
220.1
303.2
418.0
481.5
480.5
489.3
504.0
221.8
270.1
373.3
481.9
605.5
589.6
601.0
586.9
218.4
256.2
346.1
481.7
569.9
566.6
581.1
580.3
195.5
223.2
307.5
433.0
503.4
502.7
512.4
527.7

Canada
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
283.52
373.28
481.94
605.46
601.02
586.90
590.31
3.4
Coal
34.79
59.81
82.22
117.59
117.41
113.08
99.87
5.5
1.4
Oil
10.29
13.80
16.47
14.69
14.32
17.41
19.75
3.0
1.3
Gas
13.08
9.19
9.65
33.47
33.84
33.93
32.35
-1.9
9.0
1.30
3.87
8.09
8.92
9.15
9.15
6.3
14.70
38.03
72.97
72.80
75.53
74.89
90.39
10.5
1.5

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.03
1.18
31.3
210.67
251.15
296.74
358.51
350.55
337.56
337.62
2.2
0.9
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.2
Total
244.45
334.61
440.07
556.81
552.30
539.67
..
3.7
..
Coal
34.61
59.74
82.12
117.26 e
117.04 e
112.68 e
..
5.5
..
6.77
11.37
14.61
12.47
12.68
16.25
..
4.9
..
10.43
5.01
4.86
26.65
27.31
27.66
..
-4.7
..
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
..
..
14.70
38.03
72.97
72.80
75.53
74.89
..
10.5
..
..
..
Hydro
0.31 e
0.46 e
0.87 e
1.5
of which:
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
0.03
..
..
177.94
220.47
265.46
327.30
0.31 e
319.27
0.46 e
307.30
0.87 e
..
2.5
..
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
..
0.2
..
39.07
38.67
41.88
48.66
48.73
47.23
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
0.4
Coal
0.18 e
0.07 e
0.10 e
0.33 e
0.37 e
0.40 e
..
-3.8
..
Oil
3.52
2.43
1.86 e
2.22
1.64
1.16
..
-3.9
..
Gas
2.64
4.19
4.79 e
6.82 e
6.53 e
6.27 e
..
3.8
..
1.30
3.85 e
8.07 e
8.90 e
9.14 e
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
32.73
30.68
31.27
31.21
31.28
30.26
..
-0.3
..
..
..
Hydro

Canada
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
43140
26585
29655
33981
35503
36435
35403
-2.5
Coal
8618
3143
2338
2434
2388
3646
4136
-8.3
6.5
2.7
Oil
80-95 95-04
2.0
Gas
7401
24693
31535
33103
32777
31255
12
12
12
12
12
12
14036
Nuclear
20486
16029
2612
-12.8
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
43140
26585
29655
33981
35503
36435
..
-2.5
..
Coal
..
..
3143
2338
2434
2388
3646
..
-8.3
..
7401
24693
31535
33103
32777
..
..
12
12
12
12
12
..
..
14036
..
..
Nuclear
20486
16029
2612
..
-12.8
..
..
..
of which:
Oil
Gas
Geothermal
8618 e
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Canada
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
221.97
270.20
283.62
373.38
482.05
605.57
589.76
601.14
587.01
4.27
15.25
14.70
38.03
72.97
72.80
76.70
75.53
74.89
162.59
194.77
210.77
251.25
296.85
358.62
333.43
350.67
337.67
0.11
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.12
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
Geothermal
Solar
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Wind
0.26
0.34
0.41
0.82
55.11
60.17
58.15
84.10
112.21
173.84
179.24
174.48
173.57
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Coal
41.71
34.91
34.79
59.81
82.22
117.59
117.91
117.41
113.08
Oil
6.42
9.07
10.29
13.80
16.47
14.69
16.87
14.32
17.41
Gas
6.98
16.20
13.08
9.19
9.65
33.47
35.98
33.84
33.93
1.30
3.87
8.09
8.48
8.92
9.15

(1)
216.47
263.34
279.73
367.21
467.64
586.53
570.39
581.97
568.06
Nuclear
..
..
13.87
35.88
68.84
68.68
72.35
71.25
70.65
Hydro
..
..
210.60
251.00
293.91
355.07
330.13
347.19
334.33
0.11
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Wind
..
..
0.26
0.33
0.40
0.81
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
55.27
80.33
104.87
162.47
167.52
163.07
162.22

Canada
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
5924
7991
40874
46914
45200
47277
45817
7.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6288
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6288
6619
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6619
6384
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6384
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
5924
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
5924
7991
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
7991
40851
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
40851
46206
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
46206
38204
..
..
..
..
..
..
1348
..
..
..
..
..
36856
39930
..
..
..
..
..
..
1418
..
..
..
..
..
38512
38705
..
..
..
..
..
..
1368
..
..
..
..
..
37337
6.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6.6
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
23
23
..
..
..
708
708
..
..
..
708
708
..
..
..
728
728
..
..
..
728
728
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Canada
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
15.30
20.22
26.27
39.24
40.30
38.63
39.64
3.2
3.2
Coal
8.30
15.03
19.97
26.97
26.50
26.07 e
25.35 e
5.3
1.8
Oil
2.53
3.19
3.53
3.04
3.87
3.22 e
4.34 e
2.0
1.6
Gas
4.27
1.77
1.87
7.35
7.95
7.27
7.82
-4.7
11.6
0.20
0.23 e
0.89 e
1.88 e
1.97 e
2.07
2.13
9.3
6.9

Total
..
19.22
24.54
35.29
36.27
34.66
35.50
..
2.9
Coal
..
15.01
19.95
26.88
26.42
25.97 e
25.25 e
..
1.8
Oil
..
2.92
3.33
2.40
3.27
2.66
3.90
..
1.2
Gas
..
1.29
1.26
5.99
6.57
6.01
6.35
..
13.2
..
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
4.07
10.40
19.40
18.97
19.99
19.68
19.52
9.6
0.0
0.0
Thermal
Total
4.07
10.40
19.40
18.97
19.99
19.68
19.52
9.6
Geothermal
Solar
16.74
21.60
25.52
30.86
28.70
30.19
29.10
2.5
1.0
16.74
21.60
25.52
30.83
28.67
30.15
29.03
2.5
1.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 e
0.00 e
1.9
Wind
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.07 e
Nuclear
0.00 e
0.00 e
0.00 e
0.00 e
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Canada
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
12659
12208
15750 e
14548 e
11327 e
9057 e
-1.4
359671
361605
462331 e
425856 e
340661 e
270861 e
-1.2
36393
34897
56987 e
53712 e
43139 e
34289 e
-0.3
15242
29946
40084
40995 e
44291 e
46154 e
4.9
262981
518033
697703
713474 e
802451 e
867811 e
5.3
23382
47272
60290
63896 e
73910 e
78409 e
5.4
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
356
33 e
577 e
3494 e
3414 e
3847 e
4173 e
11.3
51 e
311 e
304 e
360 e
382 e
11.2

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
3007
3612
3269
3895
3242
4577
1.8
124234
156912
136617
163454
134549
183208
1.7
14690
16873
14322
17412
1.0
227749
234279
203647
225249
4.4
13798
16468 e
83966
75992

Fuel Input (TJ)
9192
9423 e
23418 e
25305 e
22174 e
22402 e
3.9
Fuel Input (TJ)
9630
36758 e
70704 e
74410 e
78422
80707
9.7
1300
3829
7365
7751
8169
8407
8.5

Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
276 e
7787 e
7787 e
8005 e
8005 e
23 e
708 e
708 e
728 e
728 e
840838
1150153 e
1606385 e
1622674 e
1571582 e
1640014 e
2.9
111963
163769
168549
162802
162029
2.9
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

84098
Canada
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
77
3358
3143
94
4109
2434
108
4675
2494
97
4224
2388
155
6801
3646
-2.6
-2.5
-3.7

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
283
12311 e
8618 e

Fuel Input (TJ)
10919
231
7401
114464
10054
31535
135727
10676
33208
134470
11661
33103
138662
11523
32777

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
357 e
19 e
12 e
357 e
19 e
12 e
357 e
19 e
12 e
357 e
19 e
12 e
357 e
19 e
12 e

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
12311 e
14634 e 118930 e
250
10073
22654
10556
33981
140759 e
10695
35714
139051 e
11680
35503
145820 e
11542
36435
11.3
2.1
Canada
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
132.08
155.86
160.79
190.96
184.45
190.15
197.49
1.2
5.22
4.33
3.09
3.50
3.19
3.11
3.23
-3.0
0.3
76.49
80.79
70.56
82.21
81.51
82.68
87.52
-0.5
1.7
23.72
36.22
43.30
53.41
48.77
51.85
52.96
3.6
1.6
7.62
7.42
7.26
9.61
8.82
9.58
9.56
-0.3
2.1
18.93
26.08
35.95
41.41
41.32
42.08
43.35
3.8
1.4
0.10
1.03
0.63
0.81
0.85
0.85
0.87
11.8
2.5
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
47.64
56.26
57.20
68.31
64.35
66.27
69.48
1.1
1.5
4.70
4.10
2.71
3.20
2.94
2.85
2.96
-3.2
0.7
16.17
15.45
13.54
15.78
15.79
15.57
17.31
-1.0
1.9
11.87
18.53
20.23
23.40
20.52
21.89
22.94
3.2
1.0
5.71
5.51
5.65
7.64
6.85
7.60
7.57
-0.1
2.3
9.10
11.67
14.44
17.48
17.42
17.52
17.84
2.8
1.6
0.10
1.00
0.63
0.80
0.84
0.84
0.86
11.7
2.4
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
34.18
44.91
44.18
53.60
52.83
53.59
54.12
1.5
1.6
0.12
33.78
43.08
41.00
48.32
47.98
48.50
49.76
1.1
1.5
1.63
2.90
4.76
4.34
4.60
3.85
2.2
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.15
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.6
0.28
0.20
0.28
0.39
0.37
0.34
0.36
0.1
1.9
1.16
2.46
3.28
4.24
3.86
3.51
3.63
6.3
0.8
0.98
1.51
2.04
2.83
2.53
2.22
2.29
4.4
0.9
0.27
0.50
0.59
0.50
0.48
0.49
-0.2
0.18
0.67
0.74
0.83
0.83
0.81
0.86
8.8
1.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
11.8
Canada
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
16.94
0.00
6.30
5.74
4.90
-
18.34
0.03
5.00
7.04
6.24
0.03
21.78
0.00
4.13
8.32
9.32
0.00
27.50
0.00
5.85
10.81
10.82
0.01
27.44
0.01
6.30
10.50
10.64
0.01
29.30
7.03
11.11
11.15
0.01
30.85
8.24 e
11.29
11.31
0.01
1.5
6.4
-2.4
2.2
3.9
-
2.7
5.4
2.4
1.5
4.0
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
25.61
0.40
12.72
6.11
1.91
4.47
-
28.45
0.08
10.42
8.74
1.91 e
7.30
-
28.90
0.05
4.72
11.36
1.61
11.17
0.00
30.91
0.04
3.30
13.86
1.83
11.89
-
29.88
0.03
3.04
12.91
1.84
12.06
-
30.82
0.02 e
2.93
13.76
1.84
12.27
-
32.31
0.02 e
3.07
14.40
1.84
12.97
-
0.7
-11.9
-5.7
3.7
-1.0
5.5
-
0.9
-5.5
-3.3
1.8
1.1
1.2
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
1.35
1.35
-
Heat

Canada
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
132.08
155.86
151.28
160.79
175.52
190.96
184.45
190.15
197.49
Total Industry
47.64
56.26
56.01
57.20
63.00
68.31
64.35
66.27
69.48
Iron and Steel
3.58
5.96
4.87
3.80
4.58
4.71
4.06
4.30
4.17
4.47
11.28
13.84
14.58
18.08
18.30
17.37
17.37
18.61
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals
3.17
3.81
3.84
4.24
5.11
5.48
5.80
5.96
6.12
2.08
1.66
1.58
1.21
1.30
1.35
1.31
1.40
1.37
-
Transport Equipment
0.57
0.43
0.38
Machinery
0.33
0.44
0.50
2.47
6.91
6.80
5.46
6.47
8.08
8.01
8.46
10.33
Food and Tobacco
1.09
1.06
0.95
12.21
13.89
14.11
14.87
16.11
17.47
15.81
16.53
16.45
0.44
1.02
0.79
0.18
0.18
0.37
0.42
0.39
0.43
1.16
0.83
1.50
1.10
1.12
1.08
1.22
1.27
Textile and Leather
0.18
0.48
0.35
Non Specified/Other
17.05
8.15
7.18
11.36
10.07
11.42
10.49
10.63
10.72
79.24
94.15
90.49
98.14
106.76
116.26
114.01
117.23
120.91
1.16
2.46
2.79
3.28
3.87
4.24
3.86
3.51
3.63
16.94
18.34
20.73
21.78
23.94
27.50
27.44
29.30
30.85

Construction
Agriculture
Residential
25.61
28.45
27.17
28.90
30.15
30.91
29.88
30.82
32.31
Transport
34.18
44.91
39.81
44.18
48.80
53.60
52.83
53.59
54.12
1.35
5.19
5.45
4.77
5.46
5.76
6.39
6.09
6.65
7.11

Non-Energy Use(1)
18.93
26.08
31.52
35.95
38.41
41.41
41.32
42.08
43.35
Total Industry
9.10
11.67
14.32
14.44
15.89
17.48
17.42
17.52
17.84
Iron and Steel
0.52
0.82
0.75
0.72
0.76
0.88
0.98
0.99
0.89
0.95
1.21
1.50
1.57
1.66
1.65
1.56
1.61
1.60
Non-ferrous Metals
2.08
2.23
2.84
3.18
4.08
4.38
4.62
4.85
5.07
0.35
0.40
0.43
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.17
Transport Equipment
0.24
0.26
0.30
Machinery
0.26
0.39
0.43
1.02
1.47
2.08
2.47
2.71
2.88
2.99
2.93
3.00
Food and Tobacco
0.29
0.42
0.57
2.47
3.11
4.15
4.20
4.81
5.30
5.01
5.04
5.15
0.20
0.35
0.46
Textile and Leather
0.18
0.22
0.24
Non Specified/Other
0.56
0.78
0.56
2.15
1.71
2.22
2.09
1.92
1.96
25.50
Construction
9.82
14.41
17.20
21.51
22.52
23.92
23.90
24.57
Agriculture
0.18
0.67
0.76
0.74
0.81
0.83
0.83
0.81
0.86
4.90
6.24
7.28
9.32
10.06
10.82
10.64
11.15
11.31
Residential
4.47
7.30
8.92
11.17
11.32
11.89
12.06
12.27
12.97
Transport
0.28
0.20
0.23
0.28
0.33
0.39
0.37
0.34
0.36

Canada
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
223.25
307.51
432.99
503.40
502.68
512.38
527.73
4.0
1.5
Industry
105.86
135.67
167.94
203.31
202.60
203.67
207.48
2.8
1.6
3.24
2.28
3.27
4.52
4.31
4.01
4.17
0.1
1.9
Transport
Agriculture
2.07
7.84
8.64
9.60
9.69
9.36
10.01
8.8
1.1
56.96
72.58
108.36
125.83
123.67
129.65
131.55
3.9
1.5
Residential
Energy(1)
51.95
84.83
129.83
138.23
140.24
142.64
150.80
5.5
1.2
3.17
4.30
14.94
21.90
22.18
23.04
23.71
9.5
3.6
19.20
26.45
37.24
43.29
43.23
44.06
45.38
4.0
1.5


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
105.86
135.67
167.94
203.31
202.60
203.67
207.48
2.8
1.6
6.02
9.53
8.33
10.26
11.43
11.47
10.33
1.9
1.7
11.01
14.04
18.21
19.19
18.20
18.68
18.61
3.0
0.2
Non-Ferrous Metals
24.15
25.99
36.97
50.93
53.77
56.38
59.00
2.5
3.7

Iron and Steel
4.08
4.63
1.90
2.03
2.01
2.04
2.02
-4.4
0.5
Transport Equipment
2.77
3.04
Machinery
3.06
4.55
11.81
17.14
28.75
33.48
34.72
34.09
34.84
5.4
1.5
3.36
4.88
28.71
36.19
48.84
61.58
58.20
58.64
59.87
3.2
1.6
2.28
4.12
2.14
2.51
Non Specified/Other
6.48
9.06
24.96
25.84
24.28
22.38
22.81
8.3
-0.7

9.10
11.67
14.44
17.48
17.42
17.52
17.84
2.8
1.6

Food and Tobacco
Construction
Canada
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.25
2.94
2.69
17.78
7.42
15.34
16.12
16.09
24.46
2.25
2.94
2.69
17.78
7.42
15.34
16.12
16.09
24.46
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
2.25
2.94
2.69
17.78
7.42
15.34
16.12
16.09
24.46
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United States
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Canada
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
16.29
30.18
43.02
18.13
43.44
50.98
39.24
36.12
31.15
16.29
30.18
43.02
18.13
43.44
50.98
39.24
36.12
31.15
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
16.29
30.18
43.02
18.13
43.44
50.98
39.24
36.12
31.15
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United States
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Canada
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
51.66
73.78
91.18
98.01
108.91
103.48
103.58
105.29
108.01

Total Capacity
Nuclear
2.67
5.87
11.16
13.54
16.39
10.62
10.62
10.62
10.62
32.38
41.92
51.40
55.09
60.30
63.14
62.77
64.30
65.41
0.19
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02
0.02
Wind
0.00
0.02
0.09
0.13
0.16
0.33
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
0.05
16.62
25.99
28.60
29.36
32.12
29.60
30.04
30.19
31.63
of which:
Single-fired:
9.06
12.43
17.09
17.71
21.12
..
..
..
..
Liquid Fuels
3.90
7.53
7.28
6.87
7.89
..
..
..
0.13
Natural Gas
0.96
3.11
2.53
2.56
1.68
..
..
..
3.41
0.05
0.28
0.03
..
..
..
1.76

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
1.63
1.63
1.51
1.53
0.99
..
..
..
..
0.93
1.09
0.05
0.43
0.43
..
..
..
..
0.14
0.14
0.14
Type of Generation
Steam
26.14
27.21
28.53
25.52
25.75
25.54
25.24
Internal Combustion
0.49
0.52
0.56
0.50
0.54
0.49
0.50
Gas Turbine
1.97
1.64
3.04
3.58
3.75
4.15
4.18
Combined Cycle
Other
1.72
Peak Load
..
..
72.00
80.13
80.62
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
88.97
97.21
99.04
..
..
..
..
Canada
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.87
7.86
6.20
6.13
6.60
7.85
8.95
9.69
10.26
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
4.40
6.00
4.31
4.29
4.45
4.27
4.29
4.91
4.97
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
1.47
1.86
1.89
1.84
2.15
3.58
4.66
4.78
5.30
Hydro
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.07
0.36
0.10
..
..
..
..
Liquid Fuels
0.76
0.77
0.73
0.29
0.18
..
..
..
0.13
Natural Gas
0.63
0.38
0.60
0.91
1.00
..
..
..
3.41
0.36
0.46
0.64
0.96
..
..
..
1.76

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
1.41
1.38
1.65
2.20
3.02
3.15
3.13
Internal Combustion
0.09
0.06
0.04
0.15
0.26
0.24
0.40
Gas Turbine
0.39
0.40
0.45
1.23
1.38
1.38
1.76
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
3.96
6.60
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
3.95
6.60
..
..
..
..
Canada
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
28.67
..
..
30.10
..
..
29.44
..
..
..
..
..
40.23
..
..
42.23
..
..
41.31
..
..
..
..
..

Canadian Dollars/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
37.62
79.95
50.49
49.49
93.37
49.45
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
52.79
83.28
56.10
69.44
97.26
54.94
..
..
94.53
62.00
..
73.37
26.55
..
..
Canadian Dollars/ toe

..
..
105.03
86.99
..
81.52
37.25
..
..

Canadian Dollars/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0174
..
0.0229
..
0.0349
..
0.0467
0.0019
0.0596
0.0063
0.0670
0.0068
0.0644
0.0067
0.0688
0.0071
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0275
..
0.0332
..
0.0504
..
0.0620
0.0017
0.0787
0.0080
0.0814
0.0082
0.0849
0.0084
0.0862
0.0085
..
..

Czech Republic
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
45.42
47.25
47.38
40.40
41.74
44.12
44.54
0.2
-0.4
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
40.36
47.87
54.39
55.70
58.03
60.18
62.60
1.8
1.0
1.13
0.99
0.87
0.73
0.72
0.73
0.71
-1.5
-1.4
TPES/population(2)
9.92
10.33
10.36
10.27
10.20
10.20
10.20
0.3
-0.1
4.58
4.58
4.57
3.93
4.09
4.32
4.37
-0.0
-0.3
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
88
77
64
64
65
63
-1.5
-1.4
100
108
121
121
120
119
..
1.1
..
2974
3668
4651
4809
4984
5139
..
2.7
..
41.17
52.66
62.56
72.91
76.00
82.82
83.79
2.5
2.1
(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
45.42
47.25
47.38
40.40
41.74
44.12
44.54
0.2
-0.4
35.59
33.42
29.84
21.53
20.51
20.87
20.19
-1.0
-2.8
Oil
8.91
11.15
8.94
7.89
8.52
8.77
9.53
0.0
0.5
Gas
1.01
2.61
5.26
7.50
7.76
7.84
7.79
10.2
2.9
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.64
0.84
1.17
1.26
Nuclear
3.28
3.54
4.88
6.74
6.86
5.4
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Hydro
0.09
0.21
0.12
0.15
0.21
0.12
0.17
1.7
2.4
-0.19
-0.13
-0.06
-0.86
-0.98
-1.39
-1.27
-6.6
24.5
Heat

Czech Republic
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
12.6
13.6
14.7
18.7
25.9
1.2
1.1
2.4
1.4
2.3
2.5
2.8
1.8
of which:
-
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
35.2
40.1
50.3
48.5
57.6
57.4
54.8
55.6
30.9
35.1
44.6
44.9
53.3
53.2
50.8
51.6
3.9
4.7
5.0
3.0
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
3.2
3.1
2.9
3.1
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.5
36.4
41.2
52.7
62.6
73.5
74.6
76.3
83.2
2.5
2.8
3.6
4.0
5.5
5.9
6.0
6.6
33.9
38.4
49.1
58.6
68.0
68.8
70.4
76.7
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.4
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.6
Imports
2.1
2.9
3.7
8.2
8.7
9.4
9.5
10.1
Exports
2.3
5.1
5.2
8.9
18.7
18.9
20.9
26.3
33.5
36.1
47.0
57.5
57.2
58.7
58.5
59.9
2.5
2.0
3.9
4.4
5.0
4.9
4.9
5.1
4.3
4.6
5.3
4.9
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.4
26.7
29.5
37.9
48.2
49.4
50.9
50.8
52.4
36.4
41.2
52.7
62.6
72.9
74.2
76.0
82.8
36.1
39.0
51.1
61.9
63.4
65.1
65.0
67.0
43.1
53.0
52.3
53.8
53.7
54.8
31.0
34.1

Czech Republic
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
43.14
52.66
62.56
72.91
76.00
82.82
83.79
2.4
Coal
35.23
44.63
44.92
53.30
50.76
51.63
51.58
1.5
1.0
Oil
5.69
5.03
3.01
0.37
0.38
0.37
0.29
-3.9
-15.4
Gas
12.4
2.1
0.40
0.60
0.60
3.17
2.93
3.06
3.07
2.5
0.72
0.69
0.50
0.50
Nuclear
12.59
13.59
18.74
25.87
26.33
5.4
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.01
1.82
2.40
1.45
1.76
2.49
1.38
2.02
-1.4
2.4
0.56
0.35
0.41
0.54
Total
43.09
52.54
62.51
62.44
66.24
73.35
..
2.4
..
Coal
35.23
44.63
44.92
45.91
43.97
44.73
..
1.5
..
Oil
5.69
5.03
3.01
0.13
0.13
0.13
..
-3.9
..
Gas
0.40
0.60
0.60
1.27
1.28
1.35
..
2.5
..
Hydro
of which:
0.18
0.17
0.26
..
..
Nuclear
12.59
13.59
18.74
25.87
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.00
..
..
1.77
2.28
1.40
1.37
1.95
1.01
..
-1.5
..
0.56
0.35
0.41
..
..
Total
0.05
0.12
0.05
10.48
9.76
9.46
..
-0.3
..
Coal
7.40
6.79
6.91
..
..
Oil
0.24
0.25
0.23
..
..
Gas
1.90
1.65
1.71
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
0.55
0.52
0.24
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
..
..
0.05
0.12
0.05
0.39
0.54
0.37
..
-0.3
..
..
..
Hydro

Czech Republic
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
71602
75947
175941
139077
142294
147142
147200
6.2
Coal
25061
26581
124891
88024
89320
96562
96220
11.3
-2.9
7160
7595
15592
7217
6999
6694
6695
5.3
-9.0
Oil
Gas
80-95 95-04
-2.0
39381
41771
33043
36096
37933
38581
38950
-1.2
1.8
2415
7740
8042
5305
5335
9.2
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
71602
75947
146338
113276
116464
125602
..
4.9
..
Coal
25061
26581
104497
78716
80061
86555
..
10.0
..
7160
7595
12698
4409
4231
4297
..
3.9
..
of which:
Oil
39381
41771
28139
28449
30373
31471
..
-2.2
..
Gas
1004
1702
1799
3279
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
29603
25801
25830
21540
..
..
Coal
20394
9308
9259
10007
..
..
Oil
2894
2808
2768
2397
..
..
Gas
4904
7647
7560
7110
..
..
Autoproducers
1411
6038
6243
2026
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Czech Republic
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
36.37
41.17
43.14
52.66
62.56
73.47
12.59
13.59
1.21
1.08
1.82
2.40
1.45
2.31
2001
2002
2003
74.65
76.35
83.23
14.75
18.74
25.87
2.47
2.85
1.79
0.41
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.56
0.41
0.35
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00

Combustible Fuels
35.16
40.09
41.32
50.26
48.53
57.56
57.43
54.76
55.56
of which:
Coal
30.86
35.06
35.23
44.63
44.92
53.30
53.19
50.76
51.63
Oil
3.94
4.65
5.69
5.03
3.01
0.37
0.39
0.38
0.37
Gas
0.37
0.38
0.40
0.60
0.60
3.17
3.14
2.93
3.06
0.72
0.71
0.69
0.50

Total Net Production(1)
33.87
38.37
40.14
49.06
58.56
68.01
68.78
70.39
76.66
Nuclear
..
..
12.71
13.78
17.58
24.37
Hydro
..
..
2.30
2.46
2.83
1.78
0.41
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.56
0.41
0.35
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.00
0.00
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
53.00
52.54
49.97
50.51

Czech Republic
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total
..
..
..
9937
9362
8949
8631
..
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2980
2980
-
3076
3060
16
-
3171
3156
15
-
3076
3062
14
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4021
1393
1595
7
40
64
624
1
31
266
4159
1324
1826
10
41
70
615
2
33
238
4172
1365
1858
1
27
80
589
2
27
223
3728
1400
1762
5
1
51
61
231
3
22
192
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2936
2936
2127
1
2126
1606
1
1605
1827
1
1826
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Czech Republic
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
9.60
14.40
13.13
16.73
17.13
16.70
16.43
1.9
Coal
8.32 e
11.72 e
10.87 e
14.47
14.84
14.42
14.26
1.6
2.1
Oil
1.15
1.46
0.97
0.30
0.31
0.30
0.29
-1.0
-8.8
Gas
0.13
1.22
1.29
1.54
1.57
1.57
1.57
14.2
1.5
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.30
0.7
Total
1.7

Total
..
14.40
13.13
14.27
14.78
14.24
14.30
..
Coal
..
11.72 e
10.87 e
13.15
13.57
13.05
12.97
..
1.4
Oil
..
1.46
0.97
0.14
0.16
0.14
0.14
..
-13.7
Gas
..
1.22
1.29
0.88
0.95
0.94
0.98
..
-2.1
..
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.20
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.28
3.54
3.84
4.88
6.74
5.7
Nuclear
3.28
3.54
3.84
4.88
6.74
5.7
Geothermal
Solar
0.09
0.21
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.21
0.12
1.7
-0.3
0.09
0.21
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.21
0.12
1.7
-0.3
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Czech Republic
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003
1980
1990
Fuel Input (1000 t)
1378
1362
1175
1165
Fuel Input (TJ)
28467
28137
27128
27689
2814
2781
2645
2702
37564
34706
29340
29087
28308
27661
-1.3
450773
416467
349630
346857
334715
336079
-1.3
44100
44575
34445
34119
32395
33306
-1.2
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
9470
6261
526
348
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
1299
776
57
61
61
54
-12.9
53269
31828
2331
2493
2458
2101
-13.1
5031
3006
180
194
197
173
-13.6
7714
7714
2122
2214
2065
1889
-5.9
600
600
224
231
225
206
-4.5
Fuel Input (TJ)
1513
1537
1515
122
135
141
138
13
Fuel Input (TJ)
68
76
73
13
14
13
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
238
265
260
19
27
30
29
521226
462270
384369
381579
368214
367899
-1.5

50257
48529
37838
37510
35642
36401
-1.4
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Czech Republic
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2366
57946
2701
24030
2580
62686
2892
26108
2564
58978
2790
26381
2486
58678
2937
28243
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
11223
151140
12581
50959
12221
159279
12632
55098
11749
150644
12175
49731
12123
155518
12021
55163
..
..
..
..
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
11969
762
3573
12227
765
3871
11694
754
3562
12196
668
4262
..
..
..

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
155
6383
192
3705
161
6573
192
3960
161
6451
187
3859
162
6370
195
3824
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
42566
2941
14135
43517
2912
15219
43334
2706
15007
45035
2852
16552
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
6111
247
2934
6083
240
3074
6010
229
3075
7545
360
2175
..
..
..
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
4824
188
2292
4835
181
2415
4809
178
2384
47
34
..
..
..
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
2700
5
1664
2622
4
1726
2625
4
1727
1794
16
1647
..
..
..
1084
103
326
1058
98
315
811
107
83
..
..
..
298906
19921
111797
285603
19121
106041
287994
19156
111983
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
1094
..
..
108
..
..
310
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
284733
..
..
19725
..
..
103602 e
Czech Republic
IN HEAT PLANTS
2000
2001
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
153
136
3295
3026
2121
1980
1990
2002
Fuel Input (1000 t)
158
158
Fuel Input (TJ)
3672
3330
2446
2446
2423
2611
2769
587
609
626
617
-6.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
31326
33226
8365
8713
8566
8168
-5.7
25061
26581
6194
6499
6360
5941
-6.1
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1082
1070
1038
997
822
893
863
832
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Peat

218
232
102
105
94
90
-3.8
Fuel Input (TJ)
8950
9494
4178
4311
3752
3524
-4.0
7160
7595
3512
3633
3140
2870
-3.9
Fuel Input (TJ)
49226
52214
25590
27097
27007
26206
-2.7
39381
41771
21961
23268
22926
22029
-2.5
Fuel Input (TJ)
350
351
348
525
285
288
286
377
Fuel Input (TJ)
213
224
219
292
181
191
184
272
Fuel Input (TJ)
1478
706
95
92
91
15
74
71
71
11
89502
94934
43545
45188
44316
44231
-3.0

71602
75947
35475
37289
36253
35159
-3.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Czech Republic
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
31.66
35.11
35.30
25.17
25.67
24.89
26.53
0.6
-2.2
19.25
18.43
17.43
4.60
3.81
3.46
3.80
-0.6
-11.1
8.06
9.68
8.09
7.55
7.95
7.80
8.39
0.0
0.3
1.81
2.38
4.19
5.91
6.45
6.19
6.32
5.1
3.2
0.23
0.30
0.43
0.87
2.54
3.26
4.14
4.25
4.38
4.37
4.51
2.9
0.6
1.37
1.45
2.62
2.79
2.64
2.65
4.8
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
17.77
19.31
17.78
10.04
9.86
9.55
9.50
0.0
-4.7
11.43
11.69
10.06
3.28
2.81
2.65
2.77
-0.7
-9.4
4.26
5.42
3.37
1.62
1.75
1.48
1.39
-1.4
-6.6
0.46
0.28
2.02
2.60
2.61
2.58
2.52
9.1
1.7
0.14
0.19
0.32
0.27
1.61
1.91
2.32
1.63
1.71
1.77
1.77
2.1
-2.1
0.78
0.79
0.75
0.78
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.45
2.63
2.86
4.89
5.15
5.31
5.97
0.9
5.8
0.12
0.10
2.16
2.33
2.59
4.62
4.91
5.07
5.72
1.1
6.3
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.16
0.20
0.27
0.20
0.18
0.19
0.19
3.1
-2.7
1.12
1.49
1.40
0.31
0.27
0.27
0.28
1.3
-11.6
0.50 e
0.41 e
0.42 e
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
-1.0
-16.6
0.46
0.82
0.53
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.8
-23.8
0.03
0.08
0.20
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
11.8
-8.0
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.13
0.18
0.25
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.09
3.9
-7.3
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
Czech Republic
(Mtoe)
1973
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.62
0.28 e
0.17
0.17
-
1.59
0.23 e
0.09
0.44
0.28
0.54
3.33
1.50 e
0.05
0.89
0.31
0.57
2.98
0.24
0.01
1.10
0.02
0.99
0.61
3.23
0.22
0.00
1.30
0.04
1.02
0.65
3.05
0.22
0.00
1.21
0.05
0.98
0.59
3.44
0.45
0.01
1.26
0.05
1.08
0.59
10.4
10.5
10.1
3.6
-
0.3
-8.8
-16.2
2.7
10.0
0.2
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
7.04
6.50 e
0.05
0.15
0.34
-
7.46
5.63 e
0.09
0.38
0.53
0.83
8.31
5.45 e
0.09
1.07
0.83
0.88
5.30
0.77
0.08
2.05
1.19
1.21
5.77
0.74
0.09
2.38
1.22
1.34
5.34
0.55
0.07
2.23
1.21
1.28
5.98
0.54
0.06
2.40
0.47
1.25
1.26
1.0
-1.0
3.6
12.2
5.4
-
-2.5
-16.3
-3.3
6.4
3.2
2.9
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
1.64
0.42 e
0.09
1.00 e
0.12
1.84
0.36 e
0.13
1.20 e
0.15
0.76
0.60
0.16
0.51
0.26
0.05
0.06
0.13
0.32
0.12
0.07
0.14
0.30
0.10
0.07
0.13
0.27
0.12
0.03
0.13
-4.4
11.5
1.9
-7.6
-11.8
-2.0
0.00
Heat
1980
1990
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Czech Republic
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
31.66
35.11
37.64
35.30
26.54
25.17
25.67
24.89
26.53
Total Industry
17.77
19.31
20.62
17.78
12.24
10.04
9.86
9.55
9.50
Iron and Steel
2.38
2.71
3.36
3.50
2.35
2.11
2.29
2.26
2.06
0.89
1.16
1.42
1.49
1.61
2.45
2.24
2.03
2.32
Non-ferrous Metals
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.17
0.17
0.15
0.20
0.38
0.47
0.43
0.31
1.31
1.15
1.17
1.11
1.14
Transport Equipment
0.42
0.35
0.38
0.32
0.23
0.30
0.33
0.33
0.35
Machinery
0.82
0.68
0.73
0.62
0.71
0.65
0.64
0.62
0.70
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.05
Food and Tobacco
0.40
0.35
0.37
0.29
0.71
0.78
0.81
0.78
0.87
0.92
0.77
0.82
0.70
0.42
0.48
0.54
0.63
0.40
0.15
0.13
0.14
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.14
0.15
0.19
TFC
Construction
0.21
0.18
0.19
0.03
0.65
0.26
0.30
0.28
0.16
Textile and Leather
1.16
0.97
1.04
0.88
0.38
0.30
0.28
0.27
0.27
Non Specified/Other
9.99
11.52
11.70
9.49
3.67
1.24
0.91
0.87
0.79
12.86
15.00
16.19
16.67
12.82
13.99
14.75
14.28
15.95
Agriculture
1.12
1.49
1.48
1.40
1.25
0.31
0.27
0.27
0.28
0.62
1.59
2.08
3.33
2.41
2.98
3.23
3.05
3.44
Residential
7.04
7.46
8.70
8.31
5.52
5.30
5.77
5.34
5.98
Transport
2.45
2.63
2.57
2.86
2.92
4.89
5.15
5.31
5.97

Non-Energy Use(1)
1.64
1.84
1.37
0.76
0.73
0.51
0.32
0.30
0.27
1.03
0.79
0.83
0.85
1.47
1.13
1.05
1.06
1.08
2.54
3.26
3.72
4.14
4.14
4.25
4.38
4.37
4.51
Total Industry
1.61
1.91
2.10
2.32
1.58
1.63
1.71
1.77
1.77
Iron and Steel
0.29
0.26
0.25
0.32
0.26
0.15
0.27
0.29
0.28
0.31
Non-ferrous Metals
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.07
0.17
0.18
0.20
0.19
0.20
Transport Equipment
0.06
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
Machinery
0.18
0.20
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
Food and Tobacco
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.16
0.11
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Construction
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Textile and Leather
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.10
Non Specified/Other
1.61
1.91
2.10
2.32
0.27
0.19
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.92
1.34
1.62
1.83
2.55
2.62
2.66
2.60
2.74
Agriculture
0.13
0.18
0.21
0.25
0.14
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.17
0.28
0.37
0.31
0.79
0.99
1.02
0.98
1.08
Residential
0.34
0.53
0.69
0.83
1.28
1.19
1.22
1.21
1.25
Transport
0.16
0.20
0.20
0.27
0.20
0.20
0.18
0.19
0.19

0.12
0.15
0.17
0.16
0.14
0.13
0.14
0.13
0.13
Czech Republic
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
34.13
43.14
53.04
52.29
53.78
53.67
54.81
2.6
0.3
Industry
18.77
22.25
26.92
18.94
19.94
20.56
20.55
2.1
-2.1
Transport
1.89
2.29
3.17
2.34
2.12
2.15
2.21
3.1
-2.7
Agriculture
1.51
2.09
2.91
1.17
1.16
1.14
1.08
3.9
-7.3
2.01
3.30
3.64
11.56
11.85
11.38
12.59
3.6
10.0
Residential
Energy(1)
3.92
6.17
9.62
13.82
14.24
14.12
14.51
5.4
3.2
4.63
5.27
4.86
2.91
2.89
2.85
2.40
0.3
-5.3
1.40
1.76
1.91
1.55
1.58
1.47
1.47
1.9
-2.0
2.93
3.71
4.56
4.50
4.62
4.62
4.71
2.6
0.3

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
18.77
22.25
26.92
18.94
19.94
20.56
20.55
2.1
-2.1
Iron and Steel
..
..
..
3.00
2.91
3.75
3.03
..
..
..
..
3.20
3.43
3.21
3.64
..
Non-Ferrous Metals
..
..
..
0.28
0.28
0.10
0.81
..
..
..
..
2.04
2.28
2.16
2.38
..
Transport Equipment
..
..
..
1.02
1.13
1.21
1.16
..
Machinery
..
..
..
2.33
2.52
2.57
2.71
..
..
..
..
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.20
..
Food and Tobacco
..
..
..
1.38
1.54
1.53
1.56
..
..
..
..
1.60
1.84
1.88
1.24
..
..
..
..
0.34
0.38
0.40
0.40
..
Construction
..
..
..
0.32
0.31
0.32
0.30
..
..
..
..
1.12
1.20
1.29
1.13
..
Non Specified/Other
..
..
..
2.16
1.95
1.94
1.99
2.1
..

1.61
1.91
2.32
1.63
1.71
1.77
1.77
2.1
-2.1
Czech Republic
(TWh)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.93
3.71
7.93
8.18
6.72
8.73
9.38
9.50
10.09
0.90
3.57
5.36
6.72
8.73
9.38
9.50
9.44
Austria
0.03
0.11
0.17
0.01
0.01
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
0.05
0.18
0.27
0.28
0.23
0.20
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Total Imports
Imports from:
Total OECD
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
0.83
3.28
4.93
4.80
7.22
7.97
8.41
9.43
Portugal
Slovak Republic
1.63
1.27
1.21
1.10
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
2.93
2.81
4.36
2.82
0.65
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
2.93
2.81
4.36
2.82
0.65
Czech Republic
(TWh)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.14
5.22
8.60
8.87
6.30
18.74
18.92
20.89
26.30
2.32
4.20
7.98
6.30
18.74
18.92
20.89
25.65
Austria
0.68
1.24
2.35
2.08
5.48
5.73
5.94
7.63
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
0.26
0.46
0.88
2.26
8.93
9.42
11.18
12.74
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Total Exports
Exports to:
Total OECD
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
0.01
0.01
0.20
0.06
0.06
0.31
Portugal
Slovak Republic
1.38
2.50
4.74
1.76
4.27
3.71
3.46
5.28
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
5.14
2.90
4.40
0.90
0.65
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
5.14
2.90
4.40
0.90
0.65
Czech Republic
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
12.27
12.95
12.99
14.04
15.17
Nuclear
1.76
1.76
1.76
2.76
3.76
Hydro
1.37
2.00
2.01
2.01
2.03
0.49
1.15
1.15
1.15
1.15
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
Combustible Fuels
9.14
9.19
9.22
9.27
9.37

of which:
Single-fired:
..
..
..
..
8.53 e
Liquid Fuels
..
..
..
..
0.05 e
Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
0.62 e
..
..
..
..
0.16 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
..
..
..
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
9.14
8.98
9.00
9.03
9.01
Internal Combustion
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.36
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
8.83
10.13
10.60
11.21
11.16
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Czech Republic
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
1.53
2.37
2.46
2.27
2.18
Nuclear
Hydro
0.03
0.09
0.14
0.14
0.12
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
Combustible Fuels
1.50
2.28
2.32
2.13
2.05
AUTOPRODUCERS
of which:
Single-fired:
..
..
..
..
1.87 e
Liquid Fuels
..
..
..
..
0.01 e
Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
0.14 e
..
..
..
..
0.04 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
..
..
..
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
1.46
1.88
1.93
1.75
1.67
Internal Combustion
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.36
Other
0.01
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
1.11
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Czech Republic
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
308
4307
5650
306
4758
5767
279
4563
5521
c
4130
5564
c
4284
..
1231
4440
6278
1223
4905
6408
1115
4704
6134
c
4258
6182
c
4416
..

Czech Crowns/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
54
1020
..
60
1020
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
266
1052
..
296
1052
..
98
2230
2988
134
2718
2171
Czech Crowns/ toe

483
2299
3320
660
2802
2412

Czech Crowns/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
..
..
..
..
0.46
-
0.53
-
1.66
-
1.62
-
1.61
-
1.58
-
1.70
-
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.50
-
0.55
-
0.52
-
0.48
-
2.10
0.38
2.27
0.41
2.49
0.45
2.38
0.43
2.49
0.41

Denmark
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
19.83
19.78
17.85
19.43
19.70
20.76
20.10
-0.6
0.9
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
98.76
107.58
125.72
158.23
162.32
163.04
166.40
1.4
2.0
0.20
0.18
0.14
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.12
-2.0
-1.1
TPES/population(2)
5.02
5.12
5.14
5.34
5.38
5.39
5.40
0.1
0.3
3.95
3.86
3.47
3.64
3.66
3.85
3.73
-0.8
0.5
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
92
71
61
60
63
60
-2.0
-1.1
100
123
138
126
123
122
..
1.9
..
3207
4223
5520
6100
6055
6020
..
3.2
..
19.12
26.77
25.98
36.15
39.32
46.26
40.33
1.8
3.2
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
19.83
19.78
17.85
19.43
19.70
20.76
20.10
-0.6
90-04
0.9
1.93
5.88
6.09
3.99
4.19
5.67
4.37
7.0
-2.3
17.57
13.36
8.13
8.73
8.54
8.37
8.31
-4.4
0.2
Gas
0.00
0.00
1.82
4.45
4.63
4.66
4.63
64.9
6.9
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.35
0.64
1.14
1.73
2.01
2.21
2.37
7.1
5.4
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.2
0.00
0.05
0.47
0.51
0.57
0.66
19.4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.9
-0.3
-0.02
-0.11
0.61
0.06
-0.18
-0.73
-0.25
0.00
Heat
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.9
Oil
Hydro

Denmark
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Nuclear
Hydro
2003
of which:
-
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.6
4.2
4.3
4.9
5.6
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
18.6
19.1
26.7
25.3
31.7
33.4
34.4
40.6
3.5
6.8
21.9
23.5
16.7
17.8
18.3
25.3
15.1
12.3
4.8
1.0
4.4
4.2
4.0
2.3
0.7
8.8
9.3
9.6
9.8
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
0.2
1.9
2.1
2.5
3.2
18.6
19.1
26.8
26.0
36.1
37.8
39.3
46.3
1.1
1.1
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.6
2.0
2.4
17.5
18.0
25.2
24.3
34.5
36.2
37.4
43.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Used for Heat Pumps

Imports
0.7
1.0
2.0
12.0
8.4
8.2
8.9
7.0
Exports
2.7
1.2
3.2
4.9
7.8
8.8
11.0
15.6
15.6
17.8
23.9
31.3
35.2
35.6
35.3
35.3
1.5
1.7
2.0
2.5
2.1
2.4
2.1
2.2
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.7
13.9
16.1
21.6
28.4
32.5
32.6
32.5
32.4
18.6
19.1
26.8
26.0
36.1
37.8
39.3
46.3
16.7
18.9
25.5
33.0
36.8
37.2
37.2
37.7
22.0
28.9
33.1
33.2
33.2
33.2
14.1
16.1

Denmark
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
18.30
26.77
25.98
36.15
39.32
46.26
40.33
2.2
3.2
Coal
5.65
21.91
23.46
16.67
18.26
25.30
18.70
9.3
-1.6
12.63
4.82
0.97
4.43
4.01
2.35
1.65
-14.8
3.8
0.69
8.77
9.59
9.80
9.74
20.8
Oil
Gas
0.21
1.86
2.50
3.16
3.57
22.4
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.01
0.61
4.38
4.93
5.63
6.65
18.6
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.03
1.0
-0.3
Total
17.89
26.40
25.39
33.22
36.62
43.45
..
2.2
..
Coal
5.50
21.76
23.29
16.62
18.24
25.29
..
9.4
..
12.36
4.60
0.81
4.14
3.74
2.06
..
-15.7
..
0.61
7.24
8.01
8.25
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Oil
Gas
0.05
0.94
1.72
2.27
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.01
0.61
4.24
4.88
5.56
..
..
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
..
1.0
..
..
..
Total
0.42
0.37
0.58
2.92
2.70
2.82
..
2.1
..
Coal
0.14
0.14
0.17
0.05
0.02
0.02
..
1.0
..
Oil
0.27
0.22
0.16
0.29
0.27
0.29
..
-3.2
..
0.09
1.53
1.58
1.55
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
Gas
0.16
0.91
0.79
0.89
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.14
0.05
0.07
..
..
Hydro

..
..
..
..
Denmark
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
30806
92411
119079
119726
127953
129980
132429
9.4
1.2
Coal
26981
54475
55667
38874
37529
36913
36569
4.9
-4.6
Oil
Gas
80-95 95-04
3825
4343
6279
4433
7396
7939
6592
3.4
0.5
14075
29102
41620
44137
41901
44465
4.8
19464
25220
31017
35518
39925
41374
5.7
Nuclear
6.8
Geothermal
48
47
58
85
82
85
Solar
2629
3646
3226
3156
3281
2.5
Heat Pumps
135
78
62
64
63
-8.1
Electric Boilers
Total
30806
81411
104366
101837
109426
110318
..
8.5
..
Coal
26981 e
54428
55564
38874
37529
36913
..
4.9
..
3825 e
4204
5718
3975
6914
7549
..
2.7
..
14059
28973
41055
43629
41314
..
..
8666
14058
17851
21232
24409
..
..
..
..
of which:
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
48
47
58
85
82
..
..
Solar
24
37
51
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
11000
14713
17889
18527
19662
..
..
Coal
47
103
..
..
Oil
139
561
458
482
390
..
..
Gas
16
129
565
508
587
..
..
10798
11162
13166
14286
15516
..
..
..
..
Autoproducers
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
2623
3622
3189
3105
..
..
Heat Pumps
135
78
62
64
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Denmark
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
18.62
19.12
18.30
26.77
25.98
36.15
37.77
39.32
46.26
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.61
4.24
4.31
4.88
5.56

Combustible Fuels
0.14
0.06
0.05
0.07
18.60
19.10
18.28
26.72
25.34
31.74
33.38
34.36
40.61
of which:
Coal
3.46
6.85
5.65
21.91
23.46
16.67
17.82
18.26
25.30
15.14
12.25
12.63
4.82
0.97
4.43
4.18
4.01
2.35
Gas
0.69
8.77
9.27
9.59
9.80
0.21
1.86
2.10
2.50
3.16
Oil
(1)
17.54
18.00
17.23
25.17
24.28
34.54
36.20
37.37
43.89
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.61
4.24
4.31
4.88
5.56
..
..
0.14
0.06
0.05
0.07
Combustible Fuels
..
..
17.21
25.13
23.64
30.13
31.81
32.41
38.24

Denmark
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
417
365
583
2924
2698
2697
2815
6.8
48
48
-
214
25
189
-
216
27
189
-
219
30
189
-
242
32
210
-
417
40
50
252
75
-
365
40
50
200
75
-
453
58
42
20
192
62
79
-
1335
243
6
1
28
221
479
132
175
27
23
1213
211
5
2
25
229
465
103
126
23
24
1128
210
4
2
30
231
472
124
20
18
17
1135
205
4
2
29
224
509
119
14
16
13
3.5
5.8
-8.3
2.5
1.6
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
Other
Residential
Agriculture
82
82
-
1374
931
50
393
-
1267
836
50
381
-
1348
879
50
419
-
1436
974
49
413
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Denmark
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
4.60
7.06
7.03
7.96
8.40
8.55
9.88
2.5
2.7
Coal
1.59
5.57
5.68
3.65
3.91
3.95
5.47
7.8
-0.3
Oil
2.81
1.23
0.33
1.05
1.04
0.96
0.59
-11.8
4.6
0.44
2.17
2.26
2.33 e
2.32
13.7
0.19
0.26
0.58
1.09
1.19
1.31
1.50
6.6
7.6
Total
..
6.77
6.59
7.04
7.50
7.64
8.94
..
2.4
Coal
..
5.54
5.64
3.64
3.89
3.95
5.47
..
-0.2
Oil
..
1.19
0.29
0.98
0.97
0.89
0.52
..
4.6
Gas
..
0.42
1.86
1.97
2.01 e
2.01
..
12.8
..
0.04
0.24
0.56
0.66
0.79
0.94
..
11.09
Gas

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.38
0.38
0.43
0.49
21.3
18.3
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.9
-2.2
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.05
0.36
0.37
0.42
0.48
18.5
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Denmark
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
730
819
501
405
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
18469
20311
12475
10186
..
..
1919
2423
1478
1184
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
45
23
18
24
46
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
1833
940
746
993
1894
..
..
163
41
28
58
133
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
27
38
21
..
..
..
..
20302
21278
13259
11187
1915
..
..
2082
2467
1509
1243
135
..
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Denmark
1980
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
9218
228042
21905
26981 e
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
8440
212637
21542
49201
5334
132316
14250
38837
6062
150962
16341
42043
6172
155225
17073
37515
9265
229114
25304
36881
0.0
0.0
0.6
1.4
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
200
8192
811
980
1390
40824
4393
2737
1336
40590
4153
5192
1195
37856
3953
5985
526
20960
2212
6066
-3.3
-3.4
-3.3
2.0

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1140
46243
4819
3825 e

Fuel Input (TJ)
8089
694
3287
98249
8774
39102
101806
9273
40143
105498
9590
41510
103938
9802
38595

Fuel Input (TJ)
1224
108
319
6150
411
3189
7974
568
3163
11099
878
4568
16273
1407
7021
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
990
62
460
20907
1235
13118
22487
1314
14284
24133
1384
15501
25702
1479
16476
2254
218
738
2536
239
757
2760
275
835
326073
31867
105563
336347
33117
105836
398747
40479
105874
1.6
1.8
5.5

Fuel Input (TJ)
498
2178
40
206
103
691
Fuel Input (TJ)
274285
231630
300624
26724
23257
29269
30806
54350
97674
Denmark
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
231
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
6017
40
26
16
34
..
..
5274
37
21
14
32
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Peat

Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
94
54
58
39
52
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
3956
2317
2429
1645
2171
..
..
3363
1696
2079
1411
1873
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
12259
2942
3586
3063
3838
..
..
10788
2518
3076
2627
3306
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
7809
8434
9054
9274
9688
..
..
7054
7699
8362
8619
9039
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
13567
7911
7911
7453
8067
..
..
11504
6108
6269
5875
6405
..
..
30
237
257
217
181
..
..
24
212
228
198
149
..
..
43638
21881
23263
21668
23979
..

..
38007
18270
20035
18744
20804
..
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Denmark
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
16.26
15.45
13.87
15.07
15.40
15.12
15.32
-0.9
0.8
0.34
0.46
0.40
0.29
0.26
0.22
0.21
1.0
-4.8
14.26
12.04
7.55
7.43
7.45
7.32
7.42
-3.7
-0.1
0.12
0.12
1.16
1.67
1.78
1.66
1.71
14.4
3.0
0.16
0.39
0.56
0.63
0.67
0.71
0.72
7.7
1.9
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
10.4
1.38
1.86
2.44
2.80
2.80
2.80
2.79
3.4
1.0
0.59
1.76
2.25
2.43
2.41
2.46
2.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
3.57
3.15
2.70
2.95
3.01
2.93
2.90
-1.6
0.5
0.21
0.38
0.32
0.27
0.23
0.20
0.17
2.5
-4.6
2.89
2.11
0.93
0.76
0.80
0.79
0.79
-6.5
-1.2
0.02
0.01
0.54
0.78
0.82
0.76
0.77
22.9
2.7
0.06
0.08
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.16
0.16
4.0
2.7
0.40
0.50
0.73
0.87
0.87
0.86
0.84
3.6
1.1
0.07
0.07
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.17
6.5
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
3.52
3.64
4.11
4.87
4.88
4.84
5.02
0.9
1.6
0.00
3.51
3.63
4.09
4.84
4.85
4.81
4.99
0.9
1.5
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
3.9
4.3
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.24
1.26
1.01
0.98
0.95
0.94
0.93
-1.2
-0.6
0.01
0.06
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.03
-4.1
1.16
1.05
0.62
0.63
0.60
0.60
0.57
-3.6
-0.6
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.06
1.0
0.01
0.04
0.08
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.05
15.7
-3.3
0.08
0.16
0.15
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.16
3.8
0.9
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.1
Denmark
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.32
0.01
0.01
0.30
-
1.23
0.51
0.01
0.02
0.53
0.17
1.73
0.00
0.33
0.14
0.03
0.00
0.72
0.50
1.83
0.13
0.16
0.06
0.00
0.85
0.63
1.91
0.12
0.17
0.06
0.00
0.87
0.68
1.91
0.11
0.16
0.07
0.00
0.87
0.69
1.94
0.10
0.18
0.07
0.00
0.87
0.71
10.4
18.4
5.0
5.3
-
0.9
-8.8
1.8
6.8
10.1
1.5
2.7
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
7.01
0.12
6.14
0.09
0.08
0.57
-
5.63
0.07
4.23
0.10
0.25
0.00
0.64
0.34
4.02
0.02
1.29
0.41
0.34
0.00
0.83
1.13
4.15
0.00
0.79
0.66
0.40
0.01
0.88
1.42
4.37
0.00
0.82
0.71
0.43
0.01
0.87
1.54
4.24
0.00
0.76
0.67
0.42
0.01
0.88
1.51
4.27
0.00
0.72
0.69
0.43
0.01
0.88
1.54
-3.2
-10.9
-8.8
9.1
8.6
2.3
-
0.5
-21.9
-4.4
4.0
1.9
10.5
0.5
2.4
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.07
0.03
0.04
0.09
0.07
0.02
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
-
-10.7
-
1.9
1.9
-
Heat

Denmark
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
16.26
15.45
14.91
13.87
15.25
15.07
15.40
15.12
15.32
Total Industry
3.57
3.15
2.59
2.70
3.03
2.95
3.01
2.93
2.90
Iron and Steel
0.20
0.20
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.13
0.13
0.09
0.09
0.55
0.29
0.24
0.20
0.23
0.26
0.27
0.26
0.26
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.85
0.68
0.49
0.49
0.64
0.62
0.61
0.59
0.58
Transport Equipment
0.10
0.08
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Machinery
0.37
0.30
0.27
0.28
0.32
0.31
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.04
0.03
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.09
Food and Tobacco
0.83
0.86
0.70
0.75
0.85
0.75
0.76
0.73
0.71
0.20
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.16
0.16
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals
Construction
0.02
0.14
0.17
0.15
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
Textile and Leather
0.14
0.10
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
Non Specified/Other
0.14
0.17
0.11
0.20
0.22
0.24
0.25
0.24
0.25
12.16
11.86
11.78
10.87
11.92
11.84
12.13
11.94
12.17
Agriculture
1.24
1.26
0.72
1.01
0.95
0.98
0.95
0.94
0.93
0.32
1.23
1.66
1.73
1.83
1.83
1.91
1.91
1.94
Residential
7.01
5.63
5.15
4.02
4.49
4.15
4.37
4.24
4.27
Transport
3.52
3.64
4.21
4.11
4.63
4.87
4.88
4.84
5.02

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.07
0.09
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.52
0.44
0.54
0.30
0.30
0.29
0.25
0.26
0.26
1.38
1.86
2.16
2.44
2.66
2.80
2.80
2.80
2.79
Total Industry
0.40
0.50
0.62
0.73
0.82
0.87
0.87
0.86
0.84
Iron and Steel
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.08
0.08
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.07
Transport Equipment
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Machinery
0.05
0.06
0.10
0.13
0.14
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.13
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.17
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
Non-ferrous Metals

Food and Tobacco
0.05
0.03
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Construction
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Non Specified/Other
0.02
0.04
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.99
1.36
1.54
1.71
1.84
1.93
1.94
1.94
1.95
Agriculture
0.08
0.16
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.30
0.53
0.60
0.72
0.78
0.85
0.87
0.87
0.87
Residential
0.57
0.64
0.79
0.83
0.89
0.88
0.87
0.88
0.88
Transport
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03

0.04
0.02
Denmark
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
16.10
21.97
28.86
33.08
33.23
33.19
33.17
3.5
1.1
Industry
4.60
5.78
8.45
10.15
10.10
9.96
9.77
3.6
1.1
Transport
0.11
0.14
0.20
0.35
0.35
0.36
0.35
3.9
4.3
Agriculture
0.90
1.90
1.69
1.95
1.88
1.85
1.90
3.8
0.9
3.48
6.11
8.35
9.90
10.12
10.17
10.14
5.3
1.5
Residential
Energy(1)
6.60
7.44
9.67
10.21
10.16
10.19
10.27
2.3
0.5
..
0.34
0.50
0.53
0.63
0.65
0.74
..
3.1
0.41
0.25
1.38
1.89
2.48
2.84
2.86
2.85
2.85
3.5
1.1

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
4.60
5.78
8.45
10.15
10.10
9.96
9.77
3.6
1.1
Iron and Steel
0.21
0.60
0.53
0.76
0.76
0.42
0.42
5.7
-1.9
0.88
0.98
0.85
1.29
1.33
1.36
1.34
-0.2
3.5
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.06
-1.6
Non-Ferrous Metals
90-03
0.56
0.45
0.68
0.89
0.87
0.88
0.87
1.2
1.8
Transport Equipment
0.18
0.25
0.24
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.21
1.9
-1.2
Machinery
0.53
0.75
1.47
1.54
1.57
1.60
1.57
6.2
0.5
0.10
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
-0.5
0.85
1.20
2.00
2.27
2.30
2.34
2.29
5.1
1.1

Food and Tobacco
0.59
0.40
0.68
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.76
0.8
0.8
0.18
0.30
0.24
0.33
0.29
0.30
0.29
1.7
1.5
Construction
0.18
0.18
0.29
0.34
0.33
0.34
0.33
2.9
0.9
0.19
0.20
0.23
0.21
0.21
0.21
0.21
1.3
-0.9
Non Specified/Other
0.25
0.48
1.04
1.41
1.33
1.36
1.34
8.6
2.0

0.40
0.50
0.73
0.87
0.87
0.86
0.84
3.6
1.1
Denmark
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.00
1.98
3.16
11.97
4.01
8.42
8.20
8.94
7.02
3.16
11.97
4.01
8.42
8.20
8.94
7.02
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
0.29
0.09
0.20
0.40
3.25
2.66
5.04
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
1.00
3.96
1.68
4.63
1.94
2.88
0.71
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
1.87
7.92
2.14
3.39
3.02
3.40
1.27
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1.00
1.98
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
1.98
Others
1.00
Denmark
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.23
3.21
2.70
4.93
4.81
7.75
8.77
11.01
15.57
2.70
4.93
4.81
7.75
8.77
11.01
15.57
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
1.40
4.70
3.39
5.99
3.88
4.83
3.70
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
0.43
0.01
0.69
0.14
2.78
2.17
4.53
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
0.87
0.22
0.73
1.62
2.11
4.00
7.35
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
1.23
3.21
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
3.21
Others
1.23
Denmark
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.81
6.92
8.48
8.98
10.44
12.08
12.23
12.77
12.70

Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.05
0.34
0.62
2.42
2.56
2.89
3.12
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
5.80
6.91
8.42
8.62
9.81
9.65
9.66
9.87
9.57
of which:
Single-fired:
0.73
1.05
0.17
0.20
0.24
Liquid Fuels
3.01
2.17
1.23
0.85
1.11
1.89
1.64
1.58
0.85
Natural Gas
0.05
0.72
1.29
1.31
1.19
1.27
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.07
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
2.06
3.70
6.28
6.81
6.69
4.85
4.87
5.05
5.46
Solid / Natural Gas
0.01
0.11
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.26
0.26
0.33
0.72
0.81
0.82
0.76
0.48
0.36
0.53
0.63
0.77
0.95
0.95
Type of Generation
Steam
8.13
8.29
8.63
7.94
7.43
7.56
7.24
Internal Combustion
0.06
0.07
0.60
0.83
0.85
0.85
0.87
Gas Turbine
0.23
0.27
0.36
0.45
0.45
0.44
0.44
Combined Cycle
0.22
0.44
0.94
1.03
1.03
Other
Peak Load
..
..
5.45
5.79
6.22
6.27
6.35
6.26
6.40
Available Capacity
..
..
8.42
8.55
8.61
8.64
8.98
8.98
8.29
Denmark
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.15
0.15
0.09
0.16
0.34
0.57
0.58
0.56
0.62
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.15
0.15
0.09
0.16
0.34
0.57
0.58
0.56
0.62
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.01
0.00
Liquid Fuels
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.08
Natural Gas
0.12
0.29
0.31
0.29
0.32
0.05
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.10
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.15
0.15
0.09
0.16
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.05
0.07
Solid / Natural Gas
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.02
Type of Generation
Steam
0.09
0.16
0.17
0.20
0.20
0.18
0.22
Internal Combustion
0.08
0.19
0.19
0.20
0.21
Gas Turbine
0.06
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
Combined Cycle
0.04
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Denmark
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c

Danish Crowns/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
c
262
918
c
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
c
403
957
c
502
1808
c
..
..
c
Danish Crowns/ toe

772
1883
c
..
..
c

Danish Crowns/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.2699
..
0.2815
-
0.4880
-
0.3850
-
0.4666
0.0790
0.4962
0.0760
0.5488
0.0760
0.6020
0.0710
0.5740
0.0500
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.3742
..
0.5725
0.2025
0.9113
0.3193
1.0175
0.5092
1.5969
0.9568
1.6225
0.9896
1.6459
0.9914
1.6863
1.0303
1.6950
1.0050

Finland
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
21.35
25.41
29.17
32.99
35.62
37.55
37.59
1.9
1.8
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
60.63
73.76
99.57
119.91
123.94
126.45
131.50
3.0
2.0
0.35
0.34
0.29
0.28
0.29
0.30
0.29
-1.1
-0.2
TPES/population(2)
4.67
4.78
4.99
5.18
5.20
5.21
5.22
0.4
0.3
4.57
5.32
5.85
6.37
6.85
7.20
7.20
1.5
1.5
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
98
83
78
82
84
81
-1.1
-0.2
100
113
133
142
145
144
..
1.7
..
5777
7782
11826
14588
15326
15513
..
4.3
..
26.10
40.75
54.38
69.99
74.90
84.23
85.66
4.4
3.3
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
21.35
25.41
29.17
32.99
35.62
37.55
37.59
1.9
1.8
2.55
4.95
5.32
5.06
6.58
8.23
7.46
4.4
2.4
13.57
13.41
10.25
9.63
10.50
10.74
10.89
-1.6
0.4
0.77
2.18
3.42
3.68
4.08
3.95
4.3
3.94
3.47
4.56
6.74
7.09
7.32
7.66
0.9
3.8
Nuclear
1.83
5.01
5.86
5.81
5.92
5.91
1.2
Geothermal
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew & Waste
Hydro
0.90
0.88
0.93
1.26
0.93
0.82
1.28
0.2
2.3
0.37
0.10
0.92
1.02
1.03
0.42
0.42
5.4
-5.4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Heat

Finland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.0
19.2
22.5
22.8
22.3
22.7
10.6
10.5
10.2
10.9
14.7
13.2
10.8
9.6
of which:
-
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
11.1
15.6
23.5
24.3
32.8
38.4
41.8
51.8
6.1
7.3
17.4
18.0
13.2
17.5
19.7
26.8
5.0
8.3
4.4
1.7
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.9
1.7
4.7
10.1
11.6
11.3
13.9
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
8.9
8.7
10.1
10.2
21.7
26.1
40.7
54.4
70.0
74.5
74.9
84.2
0.7
1.0
2.0
2.8
2.7
3.2
3.3
3.9
21.0
25.1
38.7
51.6
67.3
71.2
71.6
80.4
0.0 e
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
2.6
4.6
2.4
11.0
12.2
11.8
13.5
11.9
Imports
Exports
0.2
1.2
0.4
0.3
1.8
1.5
7.0
23.5
29.4
39.9
62.2
79.1
81.1
83.5
85.2
1.7
2.2
2.3
2.8
2.7
3.0
2.9
3.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.9
0.8
0.9
0.9
21.6
26.9
37.2
58.9
75.5
77.3
79.7
80.8
21.7
26.1
40.7
54.4
70.0
74.5
74.9
84.2
24.3
30.4
42.0
65.0
81.9
84.4
86.8
89.1
37.6
59.5
76.4 e
78.1
80.6
81.8
21.8
27.2

Finland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
27.63
40.75
54.38
69.99
74.90
84.23
85.66
4.3
Coal
8.56
17.37
17.97
13.20
19.73
26.77
23.94
4.7
2.1
Oil
6.11
4.42
1.68
0.61
0.60
0.93
0.93
-7.8
-4.2
Gas
7.3
3.3
0.33
1.72
4.66
10.08
11.30
13.94
12.41
18.1
8.88
10.13
10.17
10.65
Nuclear
7.02
19.22
22.48
22.30
22.73
22.68
1.2
Geothermal
0.08
0.06
0.09
0.12
12.63
10.22
10.86
14.66
10.78
9.59
14.94
-0.9
2.3
Total
21.02
33.45
45.69
58.40
62.86
72.93
..
5.0
..
Coal
5.43
12.81
11.70
11.63
18.14
25.57
..
4.9
..
Oil
2.96
2.27
0.56
0.26
0.30
0.51
..
-9.9
..
1.14
3.36
8.01
9.27
11.55
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Gas
1.29
2.01
2.89
..
..
Nuclear
7.02
19.22
22.48
22.30
22.73
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.08
0.06
0.09
..
..
12.63
10.22
10.86
14.66
10.78
9.59
..
-0.9
..
..
..
Total
6.61
7.30
8.69
11.59
12.04
11.30
..
1.7
..
Coal
3.13
4.57
6.27
1.57
1.59
1.20
..
4.4
..
Oil
3.16
2.15
1.12
0.36
0.30
0.43
..
-6.3
..
Gas
0.33
0.58
1.30
2.07
2.03
2.39
..
9.0
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
7.60
8.12
7.28
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Hydro
..
..
..
..

Finland
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
52704
86832
97704
125196
144728
170384
166976
80-95 95-04
4.2
Coal
24451
57279
54352
51501
62290
70158
66922
5.5
2.3
Oil
7226
12388
11741
10589
11699
13203
11487
3.3
-0.2
Gas
6.1
2303
17165
25018
40332
42454
47606
47616
17.2
7.4
6593
22554
28125
39318
40854
22.5
18724
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
22
15
17
Electric Boilers
215
138
84
80
Total
52704
86832
97704
116608
135000
162053
..
4.2
..
Coal
24451
57279
54352
50171
60463
68886
..
5.5
..
Oil
7226
12388
11741
10184
11292
12976
..
3.3
..
Gas
2303
17165
25018
39611
41926
46919
..
17.2
..
6593
16437
21159
33173
..
..
18724
..
..
of which:
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
22
15
..
..
Electric Boilers
200
138
84
..
..
Total
8588
9728
8331
..
..
Coal
1330
1827
1272 e
..
..
Oil
405
407
227
..
..
Gas
721
528
687
..
..
6117
6966
6145 e
..
..
..
Autoproducers
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
15
..
..
Electric Boilers
Finland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
21.68
26.10
27.63
40.75
54.38
7.02
19.22
10.63
10.52
12.63
10.22
10.86
2000
2001
2002
2003
69.99
74.45
74.90
84.23
22.48
22.77
22.30
22.73
14.66
13.21
10.78
9.59
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.09

Combustible Fuels
11.05
15.59
15.00
23.51
24.30
32.77
38.40
41.76
51.81
of which:
Coal
6.06
7.33
8.56
17.37
17.97
13.20
17.51
19.73
26.77
Oil
4.99
8.26
6.11
4.42
1.68
0.61
0.65
0.60
0.93
Gas
0.33
1.72
4.66
10.08
11.55
11.30
13.94
8.88
8.69
10.13
10.17
20.96
25.10
26.53
38.71
51.59
67.29
71.23
71.62
80.38
Nuclear
..
..
6.63
18.13
21.58
21.85
21.40
21.83
Hydro
..
..
12.51
10.12
10.75
14.45
13.02
10.62
9.46
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.09
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
14.02
21.97
22.71
31.19
36.29
39.54
49.00

Finland
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
6178
6890
8118
11078
10595
11459
10751
1.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
822
822
-
782
782
-
875
875
-
1084
1084
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
10226
685
334
16
9159
32
-
9782
632
338
16
8766
30
-
10554
700
380
20
9384
70
-
9667
683
368
8542
74
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6178
..
..
..
6178
6890
..
..
..
6890
8118
..
..
..
8118
30
30
-
31
31
-
30
30
-
..
..
..
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Finland
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
2.55
5.10
5.93
7.72
9.07
9.90
12.99
5.1
6.2
Coal
1.21
3.44
3.37
3.45
4.40
4.98
6.89
6.2
5.7
Oil
1.34
1.34
0.55
0.36
0.47
0.41 e
0.55
-5.1
-0.0
Gas
0.30
0.97
2.17
2.39
2.39
2.99
9.0
0.02
1.04
1.73
1.81 e
2.12 e
2.56
7.2
Total
..
4.42
4.59
5.98
7.32
8.00
11.13
..
7.1
Coal
..
3.12
3.16
3.14
4.12
4.66
6.62
..
5.8
Oil
..
1.04
0.40
0.30
0.39
0.34
0.42
..
0.4
Gas
..
0.24
0.83
1.90
2.10
2.12
2.70
..
9.5
..
0.02
0.20
0.64
0.71 e
0.88 e
1.40
..
16.21

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.83
5.01
5.86
5.93
5.81
5.92
1.3
Nuclear
1.83
5.01
5.86
5.93
5.81
5.92
1.3
Geothermal
Solar
0.90
0.88
0.93
1.27
1.14
0.93
0.83
0.2
-0.9
0.90
0.88
0.93
1.26
1.14
0.93
0.82
0.2
-1.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Finland
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

3556
1540
1521
2073
2710
4833
1.3
90820
39332
38793
52857
69099
123247
1.3
8946
4419
4536
6147
7989
13991
2.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
921
1600
961
2543
2298
3376
5.8
7716
13406
10094
26704
24134
35457
6.9
611
1329
1092
2967
2682
3450
7.8
4928
4392
6835
6115
6336
6903
1.5
322
376
651
599
624
539
2.3

Fuel Input (TJ)
290
106
28
41
34
105
-4.3
11776
4305
1131
1664
1395
4306
-4.3
1103
331
115
151
138
378
-4.5
6092
9461
3474
7593
7405
25575
6.4
600
963
403
844
823
2591
6.6
Fuel Input (TJ)
3907
8465
9796
13228
413
830
954
1264
Fuel Input (TJ)
492
562
571
2355
50
53
54
177
Fuel Input (TJ)
23
405
454
965
42
47
66
Fuel Input (TJ)
10
10
121332
70896
64749
104370
119200
212046
2.5

11582
7418
7262
11633
13312
22457
2.9
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Finland
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1089
28010
3334
17585
2192
55984
5243
32493
1907
48620
3999
27576
2167
55268
4512
31478
2230
56699
4622
32055
2443
62108
4889
34003
3.6
3.5
1.7
2.9
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
3138
26276
4159
6866
5792
48513
6601
13767
3348
35152
2870
19384
3880
40745
3243
22811
4446
46707
3766
25934
5094
53508
3870
30050
2.1
3.1
-0.3
6.6
510
53
192
453
44
186
463
46
187

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
595
24184
3315
7226
197
8000
1348
1896
109
4495
495
1815
112
4644
501
1861
106
4389
463
1805
127
5281
556
2167
-6.5
-6.4
-7.5
-5.1

Fuel Input (TJ)
8880
1119
2303
32948
3692
13404
86393
9677
31234
95271
10708
34724
93884
10481
34626
98871
11350
35842
11.0
10.6
12.7

Fuel Input (TJ)
55402
8063
12628
51460
7359
12583
62959
8642
17036
70851
8121
24585
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
2921
274
1423
2652
223
1307
2787
235
1371
2800
295
1081
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
654
57
319
1735
158
831
1875
168
916
2939
225
1611
189
29
35
252
23
98

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
136
143
22
22
20
25
Fuel Input (TJ)
87350
145445
234283
252371
11927
16884
25510
26770
33980
61560
94591
105806
269952
28452
113965
273 e
27
108 e
296883 e
29356
129545 e
5.5
4.0
6.0
Finland
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
152
76
60
52
97
Fuel Input (TJ)
3882
1943
1534
1328
2466
3610
1710
1151
1160
2192
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
950
248
237
252
371
Fuel Input (TJ)
7959
2604
2489
2651
3898
7409
2245
2114
2250
3322
Fuel Input (TJ)
472
843
877
619 e
394
675
704
483 e

Fuel Input (1000 t)
266
236
300
274
303
Fuel Input (TJ)
10802
9745
12359
11306
12496
10492
8774
10826
9894
11036
Fuel Input (TJ)
4500
11129
8506
9872
14843
3761
9098
6745
7828
11764
Fuel Input (TJ)
3829
4753
4770
7124
3103
4059
4071
5940
Fuel Input (TJ)
4455
4870
4885
5921
4332
4747
4400
5414 e
Fuel Input (TJ)
663
483
196
468
584
420
172
416
157
134 e
134 e
192
145
124
124
173
27143
34997
35971 e
36019 e
48027 e

18724
25272
30385
30861
30603
40740 e
3.4
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Finland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
19.43
19.64
22.72
24.76
25.23
26.17
26.24
0.9
1.1
1.06
1.11
1.56
1.15
1.14
1.16
0.92
2.3
-4.0
11.50
10.30
9.67
8.33
8.50
8.94
9.00
-1.0
-0.6
0.01
0.44
0.98
1.00
1.06
1.03
0.82
31.1
-1.4
3.94
3.45
3.52
5.01
4.84
4.97
4.77
-0.7
2.4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.32
3.20
5.07
6.49
6.65
6.85
6.95
4.7
2.5
0.60
1.14
1.91
2.78
3.04
3.21
3.79
7.0
5.4
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
7.15
6.77
9.76
11.63
11.40
12.04
11.99
1.9
1.6
0.94
1.01
1.54
1.12
1.12
1.14
0.90
3.0
-4.1
4.57
3.28
1.85
1.26
1.21
1.56
1.65
-5.2
-0.9
0.01
0.40
0.94
0.92
0.97
0.94
0.72
35.6
-2.1
2.45
3.92
3.68
3.79
3.60
3.0
1.55
1.96
2.80
3.67
3.65
3.76
3.81
3.5
2.4
0.08
0.12
0.17
0.73
0.78
0.86
1.32
4.8
16.8
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.55
3.01
4.36
4.50
4.60
4.67
4.76
3.2
0.7
0.01
2.53
2.99
4.32
4.44
4.53
4.60
4.68
3.2
0.6
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
12.3
3.0
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.53
0.59
0.94
0.71
0.86
0.82
0.80
3.4
-1.2
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.50
0.54
0.68
0.52
0.66 e
0.61
0.58
1.8
-1.2
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-0.2
0.16
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.11
-2.3
0.02
0.05
0.09
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
7.8
-1.2
Finland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.30
0.30
-
0.47
0.47
-
0.89
0.89
-
1.56
0.34
0.03
0.05
1.14
-
1.67
0.36
0.03
0.06
1.21
-
1.72
0.37
0.03
0.06
1.26
-
1.72
0.37
0.03
0.06
1.26
-
6.6
6.6
-
5.2
2.7
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
4.34
0.11
3.41
0.00
0.43
0.38
4.51
0.10
3.01
0.04
0.69
0.67
5.36
0.02
2.07
0.03
0.91
1.26
1.08
4.95
0.01
1.14
0.02
0.94
0.00 e
1.56
1.28
5.10
0.01
1.02 e
0.02
0.99
0.00
1.67
1.38
5.13
0.01
0.94
0.03
1.01
0.00
1.71
1.43
5.20
0.01
0.92
0.03
0.99
0.00
1.75
1.49
1.3
-8.7
-2.9
11.5
6.5
6.3
-0.2
-3.8
-6.0
-1.0
0.6
2.6
2.5
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
4.09
0.00
3.94
-
3.80
3.45
-
0.66
-
0.83
0.06
0.00
-
1.07
0.19
0.00
-
1.18
0.27
0.00
-
1.13
0.15
0.00
-
-10.1
-
4.2
-
0.14
0.35
0.66
0.77
0.88
0.92
0.98
9.4
3.0
Heat

Finland
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
19.43
19.64
19.27
22.72
22.73
24.76
25.23
26.17
26.24
Total Industry
7.15
6.77
8.48
9.76
9.89
11.63
11.40
12.04
11.99
Iron and Steel
0.59
0.92
0.87
0.93
0.93
0.97
0.93
0.98
1.06
1.16
1.39
1.49
1.68
1.49
1.03
0.94
1.07
1.04
Non-ferrous Metals
0.08
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.24
0.26
0.61
0.83
0.78
0.60
0.28
0.33
0.34
0.32
Transport Equipment
0.06
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
Machinery
0.22
0.25
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.10
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.06
Food and Tobacco
0.47
0.49
0.48
0.43
0.43
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.24
2.23
2.02
2.93
3.97
4.41
6.89
6.79
7.00
6.32
0.43
0.26
0.57
0.48
0.50
0.34
0.40
0.43
0.48
TFC
2003
Construction
0.19
0.14
0.13
0.11
0.05
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.33
Textile and Leather
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
Non Specified/Other
1.21
0.28
0.53
0.77
0.86
0.96
0.87
1.05
1.57
11.81
12.39
10.27
12.22
12.21
12.56
13.31
13.52
13.61
Agriculture
0.53
0.59
0.83
0.94
0.77
0.71
0.86
0.82
0.80
0.30
0.47
0.69
0.89
1.01
1.56
1.67
1.72
1.72
Residential
4.34
4.51
4.72
5.36
5.50
4.95
5.10
5.13
5.20
Transport
2.55
3.01
3.42
4.36
4.20
4.50
4.60
4.67
4.76

Non-Energy Use(1)
4.09
3.80
0.60
0.66
0.72
0.83
1.07
1.18
1.13
0.47
0.49
0.53
0.74
0.64
0.57
0.52
0.61
0.64
2.32
3.20
4.17
5.07
5.60
6.49
6.65
6.85
6.95
Total Industry
1.55
1.96
2.35
2.80
3.11
3.67
3.65
3.76
3.81
Iron and Steel
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.25
0.17
0.24
0.28
0.31
0.37
0.43
0.44
0.46
0.46
Non-ferrous Metals
0.04
0.08
0.11
0.13
0.14
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.20
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
Transport Equipment
Machinery
0.08
0.12
0.15
0.15
0.17
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Food and Tobacco
0.05
0.08
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.14
0.13
0.13
0.90
1.04
1.26
1.58
1.84
2.17
2.08
2.15
2.16
0.06
0.10
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.14
Construction
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Textile and Leather
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Non Specified/Other
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.76
1.24
1.82
2.27
2.49
2.82
3.00
3.10
3.14
Agriculture
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.09
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.30
0.47
0.69
0.89
0.98
1.14
1.21
1.26
1.26
Residential
0.43
0.69
1.05
1.26
1.40
1.56
1.67
1.71
1.75
Transport
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05

Finland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
27.21
37.61
59.47
76.36
78.12
80.56
81.76
4.7
2.5
Industry
18.06
22.82
32.52
42.71
42.38
43.67
44.30
3.5
2.4
Transport
0.06
0.22
0.43
0.54
0.57
0.59
0.63
12.3
3.0
Agriculture
0.28
0.59
1.00
0.82
0.85
0.85
0.86
7.8
-1.2
3.52
5.50
10.40
13.28
14.12
14.63
14.66
6.6
2.7
Residential
Energy(1)
5.02
8.06
14.60
18.14
19.37
19.94
20.40
6.5
2.6
0.27
0.43
0.53
0.88
0.82
0.88
0.91
4.2
4.3
2.34
3.23
5.11
6.57
6.72
6.93
7.03
4.7
2.5


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
18.06
22.82
32.52
42.71
42.38
43.67
44.30
3.5
90-03
2.4
1.14
1.40
1.86
2.47
2.56
2.62
2.88
2.9
3.4
2.01
2.79
3.66
5.02
5.14
5.37
5.38
3.6
3.0
Non-Ferrous Metals
0.45
0.90
1.47
1.96
2.03
2.07
2.28
7.2
3.4
0.50
0.59
0.86
0.87
0.93
0.92
0.95
3.2
0.7
Transport Equipment
0.90
1.41
1.79
2.45
2.49
2.54
2.58
4.1
2.9
Machinery
0.51
0.66
0.59
0.57
0.57
0.59
0.60
0.9
0.1
Food and Tobacco
0.63
0.92
1.30
1.59
1.59
1.54
1.56
4.4
1.4
10.44
12.15
18.43
25.21
24.24
24.96
25.13
3.4
2.4
0.74
1.11
1.13
1.49
1.52
1.58
1.58
2.5
2.6

Construction
0.19
0.30
0.49
0.21
0.24
0.25
0.24
5.7
-5.3
0.37
0.39
0.29
0.26
0.26
0.25
0.25
-1.5
-1.0
Non Specified/Other
0.19
0.22
0.67
0.61
0.82
0.98
0.88
7.7
2.1

1.55
1.96
2.80
3.67
3.65
3.76
3.81
3.5
2.4
Finland
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
4.56
2.37
5.64
11.01
8.50
12.21
11.77
13.46
11.88
1.42
6.48
3.74
7.69
4.09
5.53
0.55
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
0.01
0.13
0.04
0.13
0.03
0.15
0.08
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
1.41
6.35
3.71
7.56
4.05
5.38
0.47
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
4.56
2.37
4.22
4.53
4.76
4.52
7.68
7.94
11.33
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
4.22
4.53
4.76 e
4.52
7.68
7.94
11.33
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
4.22
4.53
4.52
7.68
7.94
11.33
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
4.76 e
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
2.37
Others
4.56
Finland
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.24
1.16
0.94
0.36
0.10
0.33
1.81
1.54
7.03
0.94
0.36
0.10
0.33
1.81
1.54
7.03
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
- e
0.17
0.23
0.16
0.17
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
0.94
0.36
0.15
1.58
1.38
6.87
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.24
1.16
Total Non-OECD
0.09 e
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
1.16
Others
0.24
Finland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.21
9.54
9.84
11.44
12.47
13.99
14.21
14.30
14.30

Total Capacity
Nuclear
2.20
2.30
2.36
2.31
2.64
2.64
2.67
2.67
2.27
2.42
2.51
2.62
2.78
2.88
2.90
2.96
2.96
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
2.94
4.92
5.03
6.46
7.38
8.43
8.63
8.62
8.62
0.06
of which:
Single-fired:
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
Liquid Fuels
1.02
1.04
0.90
0.90
0.88
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.92
Natural Gas
0.24
0.28
0.44
0.32
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.41
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
1.75
3.43
3.46
3.54
3.91
4.26
4.46
4.45
4.45
Solid / Natural Gas
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.10
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.03
0.05
0.24
0.74
0.97
1.22
1.22
1.22
1.22
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.73
1.14
1.42
1.42
1.42
1.42
2.16
3.94
4.00
5.10
5.92
5.22
5.42
5.41
5.41
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Type of Generation
Steam
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
0.78
0.98
1.03
1.36
1.45
1.73
1.73
1.73
1.73
Combined Cycle
1.44
1.44
1.44
1.44
Other
Peak Load
..
..
8.84
10.24
11.20
13.31
13.55
14.04
14.04
Available Capacity
..
..
10.32
13.97
13.11
12.90
13.08
14.33
14.33
Finland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.29
1.42
1.48
1.78
1.97
2.27
2.27
2.27
2.27
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
1.29
1.42
1.48
1.78
1.97
2.27
2.27
2.27
2.27
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Liquid Fuels
0.14
0.16
0.12
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
Natural Gas
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.80
0.88
0.80
0.83
0.87
0.97
0.97
0.97
0.97
Solid / Natural Gas
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.05
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.19
0.19
0.25
0.30
0.31
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.15
0.17
0.23
0.51
0.62
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
2.00
Type of Generation
Steam
1.29
1.42
1.48
1.78
1.97
2.00
2.00
2.00
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
Combined Cycle
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
1.88
2.06
2.24
2.09
2.09
2.09
2.09
Finland
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
41.92
198.90
122.82
52.12
170.91
121.76
46.70
176.79
115.62
42.73
181.78
120.53
53.93
176.74
117.18
66.5
207.2
136.5
82.7
178.0
135.3
74.1
184.2
128.5
67.8
189.4
133.9
85.6
184.1
130.2

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
31.11
67.61
69.70
42.38
127.32
127.18
51.99
215.95
173.62
49.4
70.4
77.4
67.3
132.6
141.3
82.5
224.9
192.9
40.48
115.38
79.47
Euro/ toe
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
64.3
120.2
88.3

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0323
0.0017
0.0341
0.0017
0.0422
0.0028
0.0406
-
0.0419
0.0043
0.0426
0.0043
0.0453
0.0043
0.0579
0.0045
0.0580
0.0050
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0399
0.0020
0.0434
0.0022
0.0545
0.0036
0.0661
0.0112
0.0844
0.0222
0.0859
0.0225
0.0898
0.0232
0.0989
0.0253
0.0990
0.0250

France
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
184.65
193.57
227.28
257.46
265.99
271.29
274.51
1.2
1.4
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
709.68
851.84
1087.46
1308.40
1351.65
1357.97
1385.90
2.5
1.7
0.26
0.23
0.21
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
-1.3
-0.4
TPES/population(2)
53.30
55.11
58.17
60.59
61.24
61.54
61.48
0.5
0.4
3.46
3.51
3.91
4.25
4.34
4.41
4.47
0.7
1.0
100
87
80
76
76
77
76
-1.3
-0.4
100
117
133
141
139
144
..
1.7
..
2790
3796
5192
6358
6426
6639
..
3.7
..
182.51
257.31
417.77
536.48
553.88
561.73
567.05
5.0
2.2
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
184.65
193.57
227.28
257.46
265.99
271.29
274.51
1.2
90-04
1.4
29.24
32.89
20.21
15.04
13.57
14.35
14.05
-2.1
-2.6
124.32
108.12
87.28
87.24
91.26
91.04
91.63
-2.1
0.3
13.56
21.64
26.02
35.76
37.47
39.37
40.19
3.9
3.2
Comb. Renew & Waste
9.79
8.64
11.01
11.23
11.05
11.95
11.78
0.7
0.5
Nuclear
3.84
15.96
81.85
108.19
113.82
114.95
116.81
19.7
2.6
Geothermal
0.00
0.01
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
28.9
1.2
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.11
2.3
3.5
4.10
5.98
4.63
5.77
5.21
5.09
5.14
0.7
0.7
-0.25
0.28
-3.91
-5.98
-6.61
-5.68
-5.34
17.6
2.2
Hydro
Heat

France
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
9.3
14.7
61.3
314.1
415.2
421.1
436.8
441.1
48.9
47.7
70.2
57.3
71.8
78.8
65.9
64.3
5.2
of which:
0.0
0.0
0.7
3.5
4.7
4.1
5.3
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
Wind
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
97.2
119.5
126.0
49.3
53.5
49.3
55.7
60.6
45.3
35.3
69.9
35.4
31.1
24.2
27.6
29.7
43.8
73.3
48.4
8.7
7.5
7.1
7.2
8.7
7.4
10.1
7.0
3.0
11.2
14.0
16.2
17.1
0.6
0.8
0.7
2.2
3.8
4.1
4.6
5.0
155.9
182.5
258.0
421.3
541.2
549.8
559.2
566.9
6.9
8.0
11.3
20.0
24.0
23.7
24.2
24.6
149.0
174.5
246.7
401.3
517.2
526.2
535.0
542.3
Used for Heat Pumps

0.2
0.2
1.0
4.9
6.6
5.8
7.5
7.3
Imports
4.2
4.7
15.6
6.7
3.7
4.5
3.0
6.2
Exports
5.5
7.5
12.4
52.1
73.2
72.9
79.9
72.2
147.4
171.4
249.0
351.0
441.1
452.0
450.6
469.0
10.4
11.4
17.3
27.7
30.4
30.6
30.9
31.7
10.8
11.4
22.5
21.3
25.6
25.8
26.4
28.8
126.2
148.6
209.1
301.9
385.1
395.5
393.4
408.4
155.8
182.5
257.3
417.8
536.5
545.7
553.9
561.7
154.5
179.6
261.2
375.9
471.7
481.4
482.3
500.9
137.1
160.0
231.7
323.3
410.7
421.3
419.7
437.3

France
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
186.85
257.31
417.77
536.48
553.88
561.73
567.05
5.2
2.2
Coal
34.91
69.92
35.42
31.06
27.64
29.74
27.91
0.1
-1.7
Oil
69.01
48.44
8.67
7.48
7.24
8.67
7.38
-12.2
-1.1
Gas
10.63
7.01
3.03
11.19
16.21
17.14
17.54
-7.6
13.4

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.78
0.69
2.20
3.79
4.62
5.05
5.17
6.7
6.3
14.70
61.25
314.08
415.16
436.76
441.07
448.24
21.1
2.6
4.8
0.60
0.50
0.57
0.66
0.81
0.89
1.10
-0.3
56.22
69.52
53.80
67.15
60.60
59.16
59.71
-0.3
0.7
0.01
0.67
3.53
4.68
5.32
5.17
5.19
43.4
2.8
Total
153.58
223.74
391.39
508.78
519.80
526.08
..
6.0
..
Coal
15.87
49.82
22.28
29.61 e
25.65
27.92
..
2.1
..
Oil
59.78
42.21
5.02
2.75 e
2.33
3.52
..
-14.3
..
9.48
4.10
0.22
0.37 e
..
-21.0
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.78
0.69
0.42
..
-3.7
14.70
61.25
314.08
415.16
436.76
441.07
..
21.1
..
..
..
..
0.60
0.50
0.57
0.65
0.81
0.88
..
-0.3
52.39
65.18
48.81
60.25
54.25
52.69
..
-0.4
..
0.01
0.67
3.53
4.68
5.32
5.17
..
43.4
..
Total
33.27
33.57
26.39
27.71
34.07
35.65
..
-1.4
..
Coal
19.04
20.10
13.15
1.46 e
1.99
1.82
..
-2.3
..
Oil
9.23
6.23
3.65
4.73 e
4.91
5.16
..
-5.6
..
Gas
1.16
2.91
2.81
10.83 e
16.21
17.14
..
5.7
..
3.79
4.62
5.05
..
..
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
Nuclear
Geothermal
..
..
0.01
0.01
0.01
..
..
3.84
4.33
5.00
6.90
6.35
6.47
..
1.7
..
..
..
Hydro
1.78 e

France
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
9968
19997
23048
23994
25974
27450
27910
80-95 95-04
5.7
2.1
Coal
Oil
Gas
9968
19997
23048
23994
25974
27450
27910
5.7
2.1
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
of which:
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
9968
19997
23048
23994
25974
27450
..
5.7
..
Coal
..
..
Autoproducers
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
9968
19997
23048
23994
25974
27450
..
5.7
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
France
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
155.86
182.53
186.86
257.98
421.30
541.16
549.84
559.20
566.90
9.34
14.74
14.70
61.25
314.08
415.16
421.08
436.76
441.07
48.86
47.71
56.23
70.19
57.33
71.83
78.76
65.92
64.34
5.17
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.02
0.01
0.67
3.53
4.68
4.13
5.32
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.50
0.57
0.57
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.08
0.13
0.27
0.34
Tide, Wave, Ocean

Wind
Combustible Fuels
97.17
119.52
115.33
126.05
49.32
53.52
49.32
55.71
60.61
of which:
Coal
45.35
35.34
34.91
69.92
35.42
31.06
24.16
27.64
29.74
Oil
43.77
73.31
69.01
48.44
8.67
7.48
7.09
7.24
8.67
Gas
7.41
10.09
10.63
7.01
3.03
11.19
14.03
16.21
17.14
0.64
0.78
0.78
0.69
2.20
3.79
4.05
4.62
5.05
(1)
149.00
174.48
180.40
246.67
401.34
517.16
526.19
535.03
542.27
Nuclear
..
..
13.93
57.95
297.95
395.20
401.26
416.50
420.67
Hydro
..
..
56.24
69.33
56.65
70.95
77.82
65.02
63.54
5.11
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.01
0.66
3.46
4.62
4.08
5.25
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
0.59
0.49
0.56
0.57
0.54
0.53
0.53
Wind
..
..
0.08
0.13
0.27
0.34
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
109.64
118.91
46.17 e
50.36 e
46.44
52.70
57.17

France
(GWh)
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
27928 e 27380 e 25171 e 26411 e 30131
32488
33907
0.7
1974
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
27928
4347
5029
182
1
262
14813
659
1940
541
154
1980
e 27380 e
e
3064 e
e
5121 e
e
161 e
e
e
173 e
e 15645 e
e
719 e
e
1837 e
e
276 e
e
384 e
1990
2000
12831 e
12831 e
9766
2381
4218
280
220
254
667
1667
79
-
5330
5330
7274
1972
5302
7494
1790
5704
7543
1874
5669
e 17099
e
1021
e
4086
e
167
25
e
232
47
e
6
e
1224
e
2190
12
e
67
8022
17859
645
4078
198
12
286
16
48
1802
2062
40
66
8606
18289
682
3918
210
16
261
23
40
1811
1966
47
61
9254
18932
227
3782
218
18
227
18
45
1601
2222
50
61
10463
-1.3
-9.7
-1.0
0.6
10.5
-0.5
-18.1
3.1
-11.9
-7.2
15.7
Total Transport
Pipeline
1007 e
1007 e
1385
1385
1561
1561
1308
1308
1729
1729
Other
Residential
Agriculture
1567 e
1567 e
2597 e
2597 e
3437
3437
5397
5397
5703
5703
France
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
12.97
11.06
12.60
13.93
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
28.79
29.44
12.03
Coal
10.37
17.09
8.50
7.27 e
Oil
5.58 e
6.22 e
6.91 e
-5.0
1.1
-1.2
-1.6
15.62
10.21
1.63
1.23 e
0.99
0.85
1.21
-12.4
-2.3
Gas
1.92
1.32
0.44
2.47
2.48
3.48
3.67
-8.4
17.8
0.87
0.83
1.46
2.01
2.00
2.05
2.14
3.1
3.0
4.7

Total
..
22.05
6.04
8.81
7.62
9.85
11.04
..
Coal
..
11.86
4.85
6.92 e
5.40
6.09
6.78
..
2.6
Oil
..
9.24
1.14
0.66 e
0.66
0.62
0.95
..
-1.4
Gas
..
0.95
0.04
1.24
1.55
3.13
3.31
..
39.2
..
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.84
15.96
81.85
108.19
109.74
113.82
114.95
19.7
2.6
2.6
Thermal
Total
3.84
15.96
81.85
108.19
109.73
113.82
114.95
19.7
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.8
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
4.15
6.02
4.68
5.83
6.48
5.28
5.16
0.7
Hydro
4.10
5.98
4.63
5.77
6.42
5.21
5.09
0.7
0.7
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.1
-0.4
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
Wind
France
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

25527
11454
10159
7518
8581
9913
-4.0
571414
267199
264134 e
195468
223106
257738
-3.4
60488
29053
27020 e
20046
23460
26240
-3.6
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
2385
1784
267
262
160
-21.5
32044
25811
4905
4813
2939
165
-20.5
2765
2420
409
401
245
19
-19.5
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
76502
41307
36000 e
37107
39396
34837
-3.4
6662
3950
3635 e
3710
3934
3485
-2.8
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
10628
1704
1276 e
1604
1909
1965
-7.1
417311
69853
61000 e
64510
75624
77482
-7.1
48439
8668
7479 e
7086
7239
8673
-7.2
66516
20319
74445 e
89951
104145
108168
2.1
7006
3027
11193 e
14027
16208
17143
4.0
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
5999
19068 e
14750 e
15678 e
16496 e
18508 e
5.0
686
1035 e
919 e
1050 e
1217 e
1380 e
3.1

Fuel Input (TJ)
703
2632
3842
4319
4704
48
346
349
391
416
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)
1169786

126046
444260 e
457866 e
411369 e
466025 e
501602 e
-3.6
48201
51001 e
46669 e
52694 e
57356 e
-3.4

France
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
14313
1312
-
14443
1324
-
14659
1344
-
..
..
..
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
12170 e
1116 e
-
15251 e
1398
38211 e
1122 e
17842 e
38000 e
1340 e
18452 e

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
12170 e
53462 e
52313 e
..
1116 e
2520 e
2652 e
..
17842 e
18452 e
39210 e
1687 e
19631 e
53653 e
3011 e
19631 e
39998 e
1905 e
20865 e
54657 e
3249 e
20865 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
France
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
21261 e
42666 e
12510 e
12046 e
11532 e
11748 e
-2.5
9968 e
19997 e
6152 e
6226 e
6343 e
6585 e
-1.8

Fuel Input (TJ)
(2)
21261 e
42666 e
12510 e
12046 e
11532 e
11748 e
-2.5

9968 e
Fuel Input (TJ)
19997 e
6152 e
6226 e
6343 e
6585 e
-1.8

France
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
145.56
144.57
147.09
168.07
173.98
169.30
173.06
0.1
1.3
13.07
8.56
7.52
4.28
3.95
3.62
3.58
-3.2
-5.6
99.37
90.64
79.50
88.06
91.14
88.31
88.57
-1.3
0.8
11.17
19.32
23.94
32.67
34.40
33.78
35.18
4.6
3.0
8.91
7.81
9.56
9.23
9.74
9.00
9.81
0.4
0.2
0.00
0.01
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
28.9
1.2
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
-0.8
12.78
17.98
25.96
33.12
34.01
33.83
35.13
4.3
2.4
0.26
0.24
0.48
0.57
0.59
0.62
0.66
3.7
2.5
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
49.11
50.48
41.63
45.76
46.21
45.81
44.99
-1.0
0.6
7.17
5.36
5.86
3.64
3.33
3.19
3.15
-1.2
-4.7
27.78
26.32
13.46
14.78
15.87
14.46
14.20
-4.2
0.4
5.77
9.47
11.11
14.38
14.15
15.38
14.87
3.9
2.3
1.17
1.13
1.35
1.34
1.28
1.31
1.33
0.8
-0.1
7.22
8.20
9.86
11.62
11.58
11.47
11.43
1.8
1.1
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
27.06
32.82
42.84
52.75
52.87
52.89
52.42
2.7
1.6
0.07
0.02
26.43
32.20
42.08
51.48
51.58
51.58
51.08
2.8
1.5
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.04
-23.4
53.0
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.55
0.59
0.76
1.00
1.01
1.03
1.03
1.9
2.4
2.92
3.29
3.33
3.13
3.13
3.08
2.96
0.8
-0.9
2.79
2.99
2.97
2.56
2.49
2.45
2.30
0.4
-1.9
6.7
0.13
0.14
0.30
0.34
0.32
0.32
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
-0.0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
30.2
5.6
0.10
0.13
0.18
0.23
0.25
0.26
0.29
3.7
3.7
France
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
37.16
32.96
1.89
2.31
-
30.57
22.53 e
4.29
3.75
-
18.16
5.22 e
6.10
0.04
6.80
-
13.74
4.47
..
0.35
8.92
-
14.53
4.97
..
0.42
9.15
-
14.23
4.60
..
0.50
9.13
-
15.29
5.10
..
0.52
9.67
-
-4.1
-10.3
7.1
6.6
-
-1.3
-0.2
..
20.8
2.7
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
21.45
5.84
1.88 e
3.50
7.64
0.00
2.59
-
22.66
3.18
2.15 e
5.43
6.59
0.01
0.01
5.29
-
36.12
1.66 e
11.28 e
6.59
8.13
0.11
0.02
8.33
-
47.13
0.63
10.06
17.99
7.24
0.12
0.02
11.07
-
51.38
0.62
11.48
19.89
7.74
0.12
0.02
11.51
-
47.44
0.43
10.49
18.05
6.89
0.12
0.02
11.44
-
51.04
0.42
10.77
19.95
7.65
0.12
0.02
12.11
-
3.1
-7.1
11.1
3.8
0.4
28.8
7.1
-
2.7
-10.0
-0.4
8.9
-0.5
1.0
-0.8
2.9
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.32
0.06
0.01
0.31
0.06
0.01
0.50
0.03
0.87
0.03
0.27
1.22
0.11
0.52
1.23
0.11
0.51
1.34
0.10
0.59
2.7
8.6
7.8
26.8
0.26 e
0.24 e
0.48 e
0.57 e
0.59 e
0.62 e
0.66 e
3.7
2.5
Heat

France
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
145.56
144.57
140.32
147.09
157.61
168.07
173.98
169.30
173.06
Total Industry
49.11
50.48
42.80
41.63
44.98
45.76
46.21
45.81
44.99
Iron and Steel
9.01
6.80
5.42
5.42
5.34
4.13
4.02
4.20
4.06
12.69
15.48
15.90
14.99
16.97
17.44
17.85
17.25
17.08
TFC

Non-ferrous Metals
2.16
2.24
1.99
1.70
1.35
1.49
1.31
1.33
1.27
3.35
3.25
4.40
4.03
3.69
3.69
4.04
4.10
4.29
Transport Equipment
0.86
0.75
0.81
0.87
0.79
1.55
1.53
1.44
1.54
Machinery
1.71
2.45
2.85
3.02
3.03
2.47
2.50
2.38
2.42
0.85
0.68
0.43
0.62
0.30
0.24
0.25
0.21
0.29
Food and Tobacco
3.10
3.66
3.53
3.73
4.24
5.01
5.17
5.26
4.82
2.22
2.14
1.81
2.95
3.32
3.57
3.41
3.49
3.57
1.43
1.27
1.44
1.04
1.09
0.85
0.85
0.86
0.89
Construction
3.25
2.05
1.53
1.08
0.95
1.18
1.10
1.10
1.10
Textile and Leather
2.14
1.30
1.35
1.01
0.92
0.84
0.82
0.70
0.67
Non Specified/Other
6.34
8.41
1.35
1.19
2.99
3.31
3.36
3.49
3.00
88.92
89.64
93.57
100.96
107.99
117.61
123.12
118.87
123.05
2.92
3.29
3.10
3.33
3.10
3.13
3.13
3.08
2.96
37.16
30.57
17.07
18.16
20.76
13.74
14.53
14.23
15.29
Agriculture
Residential
21.45
22.66
38.45
36.12
36.42
47.13
51.38
47.44
51.04
Transport
27.06
32.82
34.61
42.84
46.73
52.75
52.87
52.89
52.42
0.32
0.31
0.34
0.50
0.98
0.87
1.22
1.23
1.34
7.53
4.45
3.94
4.49
4.64
4.70
4.65
4.62
5.01

Non-Energy Use(1)
12.78
17.98
21.45
25.96
29.46
33.12
34.01
33.83
35.13
Total Industry
7.22
8.20
8.35
9.86
10.63
11.62
11.58
11.47
11.43
Iron and Steel
1.22
1.31
1.14
1.00
1.25
1.48
1.44
1.39
1.38
1.74
1.84
1.89
2.30
2.07
2.21
2.16
2.13
2.10
Non-ferrous Metals
0.89
1.06
0.83
0.91
0.71
0.83
0.87
0.88
0.85
0.51
0.53
0.50
0.55
0.76
0.70
0.72
0.74
0.74
Transport Equipment
0.40
0.47
0.52
0.69
0.66
0.74
0.72
0.72
0.74
Machinery
0.66
0.79
0.84
1.17
1.28
1.28
1.26
1.25
1.24
0.14
0.18
0.19
0.32
0.09
0.16
0.15
0.15
0.15
Food and Tobacco
0.42
0.61
0.86
1.19
1.40
1.52
1.59
1.63
1.66
0.46
0.51
0.59
0.81
0.99
1.18
1.15
1.17
1.21
0.11
0.14
0.14
0.34
0.44
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
Construction
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.18
0.14
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.13
Textile and Leather
0.58
0.60
0.66
0.36
0.33
0.31
0.29
0.27
0.25
Non Specified/Other
0.03
0.10
0.14
0.05
0.52
0.89
0.92
0.84
0.79
5.56
9.78
13.09
16.10
18.83
21.50
22.43
22.36
23.69
Agriculture
0.10
0.13
0.18
0.18
0.23
0.23
0.25
0.26
0.29
2.31
3.75
4.88
6.80
7.98
8.92
9.15
9.13
9.67
Residential
2.59
5.29
7.38
8.33
9.36
11.07
11.51
11.44
12.11
Transport
0.55
0.59
0.64
0.76
0.83
1.00
1.01
1.03
1.03

0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.43
0.27
0.52
0.51
0.59
France
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
160.01
231.66
323.25
410.67
421.33
419.73
437.27
4.2
2.4
83.99
95.36
114.67
135.15
134.67
133.35
132.92
1.8
1.1
6.40
6.92
8.88
11.68
11.69
11.98
12.03
1.9
2.4
1.13
1.54
2.11
2.73
2.88
3.00
3.37
3.7
3.7
26.86
43.59
79.04
103.73
106.35
106.14
112.45
6.6
2.7
Residential
Energy(1)
30.17
61.55
96.91
128.72
133.89
133.00
140.80
7.1
2.9
11.39
22.55
21.34
25.56
25.85
26.37
28.83
3.8
2.3
0.08
0.15
0.32
3.11
6.03
5.89
6.87
8.6
26.8
13.76
19.92
27.80
35.32
36.23
36.10
37.60
4.2
2.4


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
83.99
95.36
114.67
135.15
134.67
133.35
132.92
1.8
1.1
Iron and Steel
14.23
15.23
11.64
17.15
16.71
16.16
16.00
-1.2
2.5
20.27
21.41
26.79
25.74
25.11
24.74
24.45
1.7
-0.7
Non-Ferrous Metals
-0.5
10.30
12.32
10.54
9.70
10.08
10.21
9.84
0.1
5.92
6.15
6.36
8.12
8.37
8.55
8.56
0.4
2.3
Transport Equipment
4.62
5.46
8.02
8.66
8.34
8.35
8.57
3.3
0.5
Machinery
7.70
9.20
13.63
14.83
14.66
14.50
14.37
3.4
0.4
1.66
2.06
3.66
1.89
1.80
1.77
1.80
4.8
-5.3
Food and Tobacco
4.85
7.05
13.80
17.70
18.44
18.93
19.28
6.3
2.6
5.39
5.93
9.39
13.69
13.34
13.62
14.12
3.3
3.2
1.24
1.63
3.94
2.16
2.21
2.17
2.25
7.1
-4.2
Construction
0.79
0.84
2.10
1.50
1.53
1.46
1.57
5.9
-2.2
6.73
6.97
4.24
3.63
3.42
3.15
2.94
-2.7
-2.8
Non Specified/Other
0.31
1.14
0.56
10.38
10.66
9.75
9.17
3.6
24.0

7.22
8.20
9.86
11.62
11.58
11.47
11.43
1.8
1.1
France
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
4.65
15.64
5.52
6.67
2.86
3.70
4.47
3.01
6.18
4.64
15.63
5.52
6.67
2.86
3.70
4.47
3.01
6.18
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
0.09
7.81
1.78
3.54
1.24
0.20
0.20
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
1.13
3.74
1.66
0.53
0.39
0.62
0.54
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Germany
Italy
0.52 e
0.30 e
0.87 e
-
0.15 e
-
0.32
0.74
0.14
0.18
0.27
0.39
0.46
Luxembourg
0.43 e
-
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
2.17
1.29
1.36
1.87
0.38
0.60
1.24
0.91
2.04
0.59
0.50
0.56
1.89
1.82
0.23 e
1.20 e
-
0.60 e
1.87 e
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.03
0.21
0.02
0.01
0.76 e
2.24 e
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.01
Others
0.02
France
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.54
12.39
28.66
52.11
72.70
73.17
72.86
79.91
72.18
7.54
12.39
28.66
51.94
72.55
73.09
72.73
79.81
72.06
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
1.32
1.09
4.48
2.31
5.71
8.51
11.65
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
3.10
3.66
4.10
8.67
17.36
15.65
14.92
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Germany
Italy
11.59 e
18.80 e
19.10 e
9.50 e
-
20.25 e
-
0.76
1.43
7.52
15.44
17.64
16.13
18.03
Luxembourg
0.05
0.04
18.14 e
-
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
0.24
1.82
2.64
1.51
5.89
8.50
6.77
Sweden
Switzerland
1.99
4.38
9.80
12.08
9.62
9.56
9.84
Turkey
9.06 e
11.24 e
12.27 e
0.13
0.02
0.13
11.93
16.30
14.70
11.52
United States
Total Non-OECD
0.18
0.15
0.08
0.13
0.10
0.12
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
6.39 e
10.03 e
5.52 e
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.18
0.15
0.08
0.13
Others
0.10 e
0.12 e
France
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
36.48
54.58
78.05
95.18
99.42
105.71
105.65
105.77
105.79

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
2.89
14.39
37.49
55.75
58.52
63.18
63.18
63.27
63.36
14.87
17.97
20.16
23.03
23.11
23.18
23.09
23.09
23.04
0.08
1.61
2.56
4.29
4.29
4.30
4.30
4.30
4.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
Wind
0.00 e
0.06
0.08
0.13
0.22
18.48
21.97
20.16
16.16
17.55
19.05
19.05
19.04
18.93
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
2.85
4.60
2.70
2.36
1.67
2.37 e
2.37 e
2.37 e
Liquid Fuels
9.05
11.14
9.31
7.21
8.51
8.41 e
8.41 e
8.40 e
8.35 e
Natural Gas
0.57
0.45
0.32
0.08
0.08
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
2.35 e
4.23
3.90
6.51
5.68
6.26
7.12 e
7.12 e
7.11 e
7.07 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.48
0.72
0.48
0.25
0.25
0.30 e
0.30 e
0.30 e
0.30 e
1.29
0.76
0.33
0.08
0.29
0.29 e
0.29 e
0.29 e
0.28 e
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50 e
0.50 e
0.50 e
0.50 e

Type of Generation
Steam
19.10
15.29
16.48
17.68 e
17.68 e
17.67 e
17.57 e
Internal Combustion
0.26
0.24
0.23
0.26 e
0.26 e
0.26 e
0.26 e
Gas Turbine
0.81
0.64
0.84
1.11 e
1.11 e
1.11 e
1.11 e
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
60.00
63.40
66.80
72.39
77.10
76.60
83.10
Available Capacity
..
..
61.60
69.00
76.30
..
..
..
..
France
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
8.90
9.09
8.51
8.23
8.20
9.79
10.31
10.47
10.67
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
1.22
1.08
1.43
1.72
1.88
2.04
2.15
2.23
2.20
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
7.68
8.01
7.08
6.51
6.32
7.75
8.16
8.24
8.46
of which:
Single-fired:
4.35
4.34
3.54
2.88
2.53
1.70 e
1.79 e
1.80 e
1.85 e
Liquid Fuels
0.66
0.66
0.57
0.65
1.00
2.01 e
2.11 e
2.13 e
2.19 e
Natural Gas
0.13
0.16
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.45 e
0.47 e
0.48 e
0.49 e
0.47 e
0.50 e
0.50 e
0.51 e

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
2.32
2.51
2.51
2.52
2.39
1.50 e
1.58 e
1.60 e
1.64 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.05
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.39 e
0.41 e
0.41 e
0.43 e
0.17
0.29
0.24
0.24
0.17
0.81 e
0.85 e
0.86 e
0.88 e
0.42 e
0.45 e
0.45 e
0.46 e

Type of Generation
Steam
6.36
5.82
5.30
6.46 e
6.81 e
6.87 e
7.06 e
Internal Combustion
0.18
0.13
0.24
0.30 e
0.31 e
0.31 e
0.32 e
Gas Turbine
0.55
0.57
0.77
0.99 e
1.04 e
1.05 e
1.08 e
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
France
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
38.51
..
..
47.79
..
..
42.21
..
..
35.21
..
..
49.45
..
..
63.9
..
..
79.3
..
..
70.0
..
..
58.4
..
..
82.0
..
..

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
..
32.17
..
..
52.98
..
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
..
53.4
..
..
87.9
..
..
40.78
..
..
Euro/ toe
67.6
..
..

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0223
-
0.0309
-
0.0466
-
0.0468
-
0.0388
-
0.0388
-
0.0388
-
0.0396
0.0033
0.0401
0.0045
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0554
0.0108
0.0735
0.0145
0.1189
0.0245
0.1246
0.0231
0.1103
0.0233
0.1099
0.0232
0.1109
0.0234
0.1120
0.0266
0.1134
0.0279

Germany
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
337.88
360.39
356.22
343.61
345.99
347.12
348.28
0.3
-0.2
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
1053.96
1231.47
1545.84
1870.28
1887.47
1885.19
1914.50
2.3
1.5
0.32
0.29
0.23
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
-1.9
-1.7
TPES/population(2)
78.96
78.30
79.36
82.19
82.48
82.52
82.56
0.0
0.3
4.28
4.60
4.49
4.18
4.19
4.21
4.22
0.3
-0.4
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
100
91
72
57
57
57
57
-1.9
-1.7
100
107
99
88
89
91
..
-0.0
..
3964
5006
5736
5967
6050
6174
..
2.2
..
374.35
466.34
547.65
567.12
566.91
594.29
599.76
2.3
0.7

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
337.88
360.39
356.22
343.61
345.99
347.12
348.28
0.3
-0.2
Coal
139.37
141.03
128.53
84.82
84.85
85.13
85.58
-0.5
-2.9
Oil
161.88
147.07
126.47
131.72
128.83
126.51
125.06
-1.4
-0.1
2.6
TPES (Mtoe)
28.67
51.18
54.99
71.83
75.55
79.19
78.71
3.9
Comb. Renew & Waste
2.50
4.35
4.80
7.86
9.29
9.66
11.22
3.9
6.3
Nuclear
3.15
14.50
39.84
44.20
42.96
43.02
43.61
16.1
0.6
0.01
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.14
24.1
0.02
0.92
1.55
1.86
2.41
42.3
1.31
1.64
1.50
1.87
1.99
1.66
1.77
0.8
1.2
0.99
0.61
0.08
0.26
0.86
-0.04
-0.23
-13.8
-0.00
Heat
-0.00
-0.00
-0.00
-0.00
2.0
Gas
Geothermal
Hydro

Germany
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
6.2
12.1
55.6
152.5
169.6
171.3
164.8
165.1
15.3
16.8
20.3
19.8
26.0
27.3
27.9
24.4
5.2
of which:
1.8
1.6
1.2
2.4
4.2
4.5
4.7
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.1
9.4
10.5
15.9
18.9
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
Imports
307.6
347.0
391.7
377.7
366.4
377.2
362.9
390.8
245.4
258.3
293.5
321.8
299.0
301.6
291.5
314.2
38.2
44.8
26.7
10.4
4.8
4.8
4.3
4.7
21.3
41.0
66.0
40.5
52.5
58.4
54.1
58.5
2.8
2.9
5.4
5.0
10.1
12.4
12.9
13.4
329.1
375.9
467.6
550.0
571.4
586.3
571.6
599.5
23.4
26.1
31.0
41.4
37.8
37.3
35.5
34.8
305.7
349.8
436.6
508.6
533.6
549.0
536.1
564.7
4.0
3.8
3.7
5.0
6.0
6.0
6.3
7.7
16.0
46.8 e
19.7
23.4
31.7
45.1
45.8 e
48.4 e
Exports
9.0
8.1
16.2
30.7
42.1
42.1 e
38.4 e
308.7
357.6
440.0
504.5
530.6
17.8
20.0
20.8
23.5
546.7
25.2 e
25.8 e
539.8
47.2 e
556.5
25.6 e
29.8 e
20.1
24.7
27.3
25.9
15.1
15.6
15.4
17.4
270.8
312.9
391.9
455.1
490.2
505.3
498.8
509.3
327.2
374.4
466.3
547.7
567.1
581.8
566.9
594.3
336.1
387.5
474.7
550.9
574.4
590.0 e
581.6 e
599.0 e
290.9
337.6
419.2
481.0
505.4 e
520.9 e
514.2 e
526.7 e

Germany
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
390.56
466.34
547.65
567.12
566.91
594.29
599.76
2.1
0.7
Coal
262.49
293.51
321.77
298.97
291.54
314.21
304.30
1.3
-0.4
Oil
32.31
26.74
10.40
4.79
4.34
4.71
4.00
-6.8
-6.6
Gas
60.69
65.99
40.49
52.50
54.06
58.51
62.00
-2.5
3.1
2.98
5.44
5.03
10.12
12.95
13.35
16.02
3.3
8.6
14.46
55.59
152.47
169.61
164.84
165.06
167.34
15.9
0.7
52.1

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.07
9.41
16.04
19.19
25.46
17.64
19.07
17.43
21.73
23.12
19.26
20.64
-0.1
1.2
1.57
1.24
2.37
4.23
4.74
5.18
6.36
2.6
7.3
Total
285.90
371.24
463.72
518.21
526.80
550.05
..
3.1
..
Coal
187.58
228.71
262.70
274.42
274.52 e
295.04 e
..
2.1
..
Oil
18.77
15.16
6.46
1.62
2.74 e
2.94 e
..
-6.4
..
Gas
48.81
53.23
25.20
36.06
38.90 e
41.75 e
..
-4.0
..
1.05
2.85
2.56
5.37
7.15 e
7.29 e
..
5.7
..
14.46
54.50
151.37
169.61
..
15.8
..
..
..
0.05
9.41
16.04
19.19
..
..
15.24
16.78
15.39
21.73 e
22.62
18.78
..
0.1
..
1.57
1.24
2.37
4.23 e
4.74
5.18
..
2.6
..
Total
104.66
95.10
83.93
48.91
40.11
44.25
..
-1.4
..
Coal
74.91
64.80
59.07
24.56
17.03 e
19.17 e
..
-1.5
..
Oil
13.54
11.58
3.94
3.17
1.60 e
1.77 e
..
-7.4
..
Gas
11.88
12.76
15.29
16.44
15.17 e
16.76 e
..
1.6
..
5.80 e
6.06 e
..
1.6
..
..
..
Hydro
of which:

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
164.84
165.06
Autoproducers
1.93
2.59
2.48
4.75
Nuclear
1.09
1.10
Geothermal
..
..
0.02
..
..
..
..
..
2.40
2.29
2.04
0.51
0.48
..
-1.0
..
..
..
Hydro

c
c
Germany
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
360840
448383
416600
315920
316222
390583
396977
80-95 95-04
1.0
Coal
223593
288500
182542
165906
108338
132320
128326
-1.3
-3.8
Oil
75067
38299
40488
20146
13241
16337
13868
-4.0
-11.2
Gas
171435
110500
175275
214951
227792
7.4
3.2
26565
26580
14.5
2.5
-0.5
59048
97534
2780
19771
352
4279
911
6.5
Geothermal
410
411
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
360840
448383
416600
315920
316222
390583
..
1.0
..
Coal
223593
288500
182542
165906 e 108338 e
132320 e
..
-1.3
..
Oil
75067
38299
40488
13241 e
16337 e
..
-4.0
..
Gas
59048
97534
171435 e
110500 e 175275 e
214951 e
..
7.4
2780
19771
21224 e
26565
..
14.5
..
..
352
4279
911
..
6.5
..
410
..
..
Nuclear
21224 e
19368
19368 e
of which:
Nuclear
Geothermal
20146 e
19368
-
19368 e
-
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Germany
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
329.05
375.90
392.14
467.58
550.02
571.35
586.34
571.65
599.47
6.22
12.11
14.46
55.59
152.47
169.61
171.31
164.84
165.06
15.26
16.78
19.21
20.31
19.79
25.96
27.25
27.86
24.44
5.18
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
1.55
1.57
1.24
2.37
4.23
4.52
4.74
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.06
0.12
0.19
0.33
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.07
9.35
10.46
15.86
18.86

Combustible Fuels
307.58
347.01
358.46
391.68
377.68
366.37
377.21
362.90
390.78
of which:
Coal
245.40
258.32
262.49
293.51
321.77
298.97
301.58
291.54
314.21
Oil
38.16
44.83
32.31
26.74
10.40
4.79
4.77
4.34
4.71
Gas
21.25
40.95
60.69
65.99
40.49
52.50
58.43
54.06
58.51
2.77
2.91
2.98
5.44
5.03
10.12
12.43
12.95
13.35

(1)
305.67
349.83
365.44
436.63
508.58
533.58
549.03
536.12
564.67
Nuclear
..
..
13.64
52.48
144.39
160.71
162.32
156.29
156.46
Hydro
..
..
18.94
20.01
19.42
25.61
26.88
27.45
24.13
5.10
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
1.56
1.23
2.34
4.18
4.46
4.68
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.06
0.12
0.19
0.33
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.07
9.35
10.46
15.86
18.86
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
332.86
364.14
344.70
337.85
349.27
336.35
364.89

Germany
(GWh)
Total
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
45324 e 44666
37238
44246
-2.7
18778
13066
140
5572
-
70638
62280
56042
45324 e 44666
10300
7909
6010
5136
4269
24010
18387
15688
17332 e 19607
2520
1961
2099
108
37
202
182
125
251
217
440
263
273
119
81
66
21711
21519
21405
14020
11933
1090
1142
1214
1792
1746
4930
4743
4714
5486
5165
182
696
771
8
8
943
611
467
151
100
4932 e
5826 e
3579 e
-e
474
37238
3559
16344
30
182
227
56
9946
1456
4303
644
7
82
402
25468
4617
10897
35
127
289
1137
87
1787
5040
858
..
101
493
-3.5
-2.7
-2.7
-13.7
-1.6
-17.3
1.7
0.1
..
-7.4
-7.6
1974
1980
1990
97419
88625
77616
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
2000
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
26781
26781
26345
26345
21574
21574
Germany
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
Total
94.11
106.66
Coal
72.87
81.03
Oil
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
99.90
85.79
89.91
90.61
95.29
0.4
-0.4
83.99 e
68.94 e
70.20 e
71.16 e
71.44 e
0.8
-1.2
11.16
8.25
3.33
Gas
9.33
14.94
10.75
0.75 e
2.44 e
1.82 e
1.41 e
12.27
3.16 e
1.50
1.14
1.38
-6.9
-6.5
14.39
14.39 e
18.01
0.8
4.0
5.3
7.1
3.81 e
3.91 e
4.45 e

Total
..
86.02
81.76
75.89
80.19
81.62
82.03
..
0.0
Coal
..
65.88
69.96 e
63.26 e
65.60 e
66.92 e
66.63 e
..
-0.4
Oil
..
6.09
2.60
0.98 e
-7.5
Gas
..
12.81
8.04
9.85
..
1.24 e
1.15 e
1.80 e
1.11
0.90
0.95
..
11.50
11.50 e
11.83
..
3.0
..
6.51
1.97 e
2.31 e
2.62 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.15
14.50
39.84
44.21
44.65
42.97
43.04
16.1
0.6
0.6
Thermal
Total
3.15
14.50
39.84
44.20
44.64
42.96
43.02
16.1
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
56.3
1.31
1.64
1.50
2.67
2.85
3.35
3.28
0.8
6.2
1.31
1.64
1.50
1.87
1.96
1.99
1.66
0.8
0.8
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.80
0.90
1.36
1.62
53.6
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Germany
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
39255
42992
48789
47927
46742 e
46863 e
0.8
1141883
1256004
1269836
1239151
1214931 e
1213319 e
0.3
115135
141837
143164
138999
133729 e
142304 e
0.9
220851
209597
154304
162297
168119 e
163669 e
-1.3
1818740
1739388
1426308
1497451
1549975 e
1510047 e
-0.8
167916
169165
148332
154669
150816 e
164277 e
-0.1
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
121434
106516
73622
74583
76642 e
74764 e
-2.1
10463
10764
7475
7913
6999 e
7628 e
-1.4
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
6971
2770
891
1094
915 e
1071 e
-7.8
243595
97100
44684
43649
36553 e
42821 e
-7.3
26741
10397
4785
4773
4342 e
4712 e
-7.3
669784
363331
385719
464838
464838 e
535372 e
-1.0
65990
40489
52495
58430
54061 e
58505 e
-0.5
Fuel Input (TJ)
41
8771 e
11502 e
9774 e
27000 e
804
639 e
543 e
1500 e
24560
20526
43047 e
65367 e
57382 e
49745 e
3.1
2585
2373
3946
5992 e
5260 e
4560 e
2.5
32444
22942
33723
33830 e
35082 e
38916 e
0.8
2852
2437
3688
3718 e
3898 e
4324 e
1.8
Fuel Input (TJ)
2243
18360 e
22658 e
35422 e
34797 e
218
1683
2077 e
3247 e
2968 e
4052440
3608091
3304070 e
3453029 e
3480599 e
3526781 e
-0.6

391682
377684
366372
377210
362895
390778
-0.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Germany
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
3079
89243
77668
3193
92936
83930
3021
80661 e
76628 e
3021 e
80661 e
76628 e
2924 e
78071 e
74167 e
4284 e
114370 e
90162 e
1.4
1.1
0.7
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
18699
158468
137916
25962
218638
197450
10022
91100 e
86545 e
3784 e
34397 e
32697 e
3589 e
32624 e
30993 e
4949 e
44985 e
38237 e
-5.6
-5.3
-5.4
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
9203
8009
7884
7120
2877 e
2733 e
3001 e
2851 e
3345 e
3178 e
4127 e
3921 e
-3.4
-3.1

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2374
86253
75067
1165
42409
38299
461
21206 e
20146 e
325
14950 e
14203 e
298 e
13708 e
13241 e
397 e
18262 e
16337 e
-7.5
-6.5
-6.4

Fuel Input (TJ)
75387
59048
120000
97534
129240
110500 e
205000 e
175275 e
205000 e
175275 e
302904 e
214951 e
6.2
5.8

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
3195
2780
21893
19771

Fuel Input (TJ)
23295 e
19368

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
421749
503760
348379 e
360488
444104
315920 e
26173 e
19368 e
364182 e
321022 e
26173 e
19368 e
358921 e
316222 e
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
35899 e
26565 e
520547 e
390173 e
11.1
10.3
0.9
0.3
Germany
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
246.64
253.45
247.28
242.53
246.35
241.16
245.67
0.0
-0.1
53.14
46.87
37.26
10.50
9.66
9.07
9.34
-2.1
-10.1
138.22
127.47
117.70
123.01
124.94
120.66
117.63
-0.9
-0.0
21.13
35.81
41.04
55.10
56.04
56.02
60.99
4.0
3.1
1.75
1.91
2.97
4.70
5.05
5.38
5.12
3.2
4.3
0.01
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.12
24.6
0.01
0.11
0.14
0.17
0.21
25.4
26.91
33.70
39.14
42.16
43.45
42.90
43.80
2.2
0.9
5.49
7.69
9.15
6.83
6.94
6.84
8.45
3.1
-0.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
97.61
94.68
83.19
74.73
73.67
73.22
73.19
-0.9
-1.0
26.47
24.54
19.84
8.91
8.07
7.69
7.97
-1.7
-6.8
40.89
31.08
21.84
23.32
22.92
23.03
22.83
-3.6
0.3
13.31
19.89
19.69
21.40
20.78
20.75
21.34
2.3
0.6
0.03
0.03
0.79
0.45
0.64
0.76
21.7
15.34
17.16
18.62
19.74
20.35
20.09
19.93
1.1
0.5
1.59
1.97
2.41
0.90
0.91
0.90
1.11
2.5
-5.8
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
39.69
47.85
60.04
67.47
66.06
65.56
63.67
2.5
0.5
1.72
0.25
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
-24.2
37.12
46.51
58.85
65.88
64.31
63.66
61.71
2.7
0.4
0.06
0.22
0.31
0.49
0.58
0.85
1.03
1.18
1.37
1.41
1.39
1.39
1.9
1.3
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.11
3.05
3.08
2.77
2.73
2.63
2.69
0.23
0.15
0.06
0.03
0.03
0.03 e
0.03 e
1.35
2.27
2.24
1.83
1.80
1.71
0.01
0.01
0.16
0.26
0.24
0.24 e
0.52
0.61
0.62
0.65
0.67 e
-
0.66 e
-
2.3
-1.0
-7.4
-5.1
1.70
3.0
-2.1
0.28
19.5
4.4
0.68 e
-
1.0
0.7
Germany
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
27.70
6.52
16.37 e
0.63
0.73
3.45
-
28.73
6.81
15.21
0.72
0.98
5.01
-
28.54
5.68
10.71 e
5.21
6.94
-
22.57
0.31
7.14
5.80
9.32
-
24.47
0.34
8.51
6.02
9.60 e
-
23.32
0.29 e
7.53
6.02 e
9.48 e
-
24.83
0.35 e
7.39
7.29
0.01
9.80 e
-
0.2
-0.8
-2.5
13.2
4.2
-
-1.1
-19.3
-2.8
2.6
2.7
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
61.35
14.31
34.28 e
1.12
0.99
6.76
3.90
55.31
12.09
25.47
1.25
0.89
9.89
5.72
63.29
9.72
18.40
14.44
2.18
0.01
0.01 e
11.79
6.74
65.42
0.95
19.83
23.42
4.03 e
0.12
0.06 e
11.09
5.93 e
69.99
0.90
22.61
24.71
4.10 e
0.12
0.09
11.43
6.02 e
67.07
0.76
20.01
24.71
4.13
0.13
0.11
11.28
5.93
71.43
0.70 e
19.64
26.89
4.55
0.12
0.20
12.00
7.33 e
0.2
-2.2
-3.6
16.3
4.8
3.3
3.3
0.9
-18.3
0.5
4.9
5.8
24.6
29.1
0.1
0.7
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
9.88
1.64
2.18
6.06
-
16.34
1.47
1.00
13.87
-
2.87
1.10
0.23 e
1.53
0.00 e
-
4.40
0.02
0.11
4.21
0.05 e
-
4.47
0.01
0.11
4.30
0.05
-
5.31
0.00
0.11
5.20
-
-7.0
-2.3
-12.4
-7.8
-
4.9
-36.5
-5.5
9.9
-
Heat

e
e
e
e
e
4.50
0.01
0.14
4.30 e
0.06
-
Germany
TFC
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
246.64
253.45
253.46
247.28
240.63
242.53
246.35
241.16
245.67
73.19
Total Industry
97.61
94.68
89.66
83.19
71.94
74.73
73.67
73.22
Iron and Steel
20.42
15.20
13.30
11.06
8.34
10.04
9.41
9.16
8.83
28.16
33.85
34.69
32.67
29.30
30.53
30.62
30.74
31.13
Non-ferrous Metals
2.89
3.45
3.44
3.09
2.54
2.64
2.71
2.67
2.76
9.52
8.55
7.01
7.15
7.94
7.13
6.56
6.59
6.80
Transport Equipment
2.69
3.01
3.22
3.13
3.02
2.92
3.01
2.98
3.06
Machinery
4.57
4.72
5.92
5.22
3.38
3.14
3.18
3.16
3.22
3.14
2.87
3.44
2.37
0.81
0.46
0.48
0.46
0.46
Food and Tobacco
6.10
6.56
6.06
5.67
4.57
4.52
4.51
4.52
4.61
3.49
3.73
4.03
3.91
4.61
4.58
4.60
4.50
4.63
0.82
0.84
0.51
0.51
0.53
0.63
0.63
0.61
0.59
Construction
0.05
0.46
0.11
0.06
0.86
0.76
0.70
0.64
0.63
Textile and Leather
2.85
2.69
2.56
2.37
1.15
0.93
0.92
0.88
0.90
Non Specified/Other
12.91
8.75
5.36
5.99
4.89
6.45
6.36
6.29
5.59
140.73
151.28
156.89
157.81
162.40
162.63
167.72
163.08
167.94
2.11
3.05
3.32
3.08
2.70
2.77
2.73
2.63
2.69
27.70
28.73
31.04
28.54
25.30
22.57
24.47
23.32
24.83
Agriculture
Residential
61.35
55.31
69.95
63.29
66.64
65.42
69.99
67.07
71.43
Transport
39.69
47.85
49.11
60.04
64.05
67.47
66.06
65.56
63.67
9.88
16.34
3.46
2.87
3.70
4.40
4.47
4.50
5.31
8.29
7.49
6.91
6.28
6.29
5.17
4.96
4.86
4.54
26.91
33.70
37.20
39.14
38.80
42.16
43.45
42.90
43.80
Total Industry
15.34
17.16
18.07
18.62
17.61
19.74
20.35
20.09
19.93
Iron and Steel
2.44
2.57
2.49
2.35
1.98
2.03
2.10 e
2.07 e
2.05
5.41
5.67
5.99
5.37
4.50
4.16
4.28 e
4.23 e
4.21
Non-ferrous Metals
1.25
1.69
1.76
1.71
1.44
1.59
1.64 e
1.62 e
1.61
0.88
0.92
0.85
1.00
1.28
1.28
1.31 e
1.30 e
1.30
Transport Equipment
0.70
0.83
0.99
1.18
1.43
1.63
1.68 e
1.66 e
1.65
Machinery
0.75
0.92
1.03
1.07
0.63
0.88
0.91 e
0.90 e
0.88
0.50
0.51
0.55
0.55
0.25
0.18
0.18 e
0.18 e
0.18
Food and Tobacco
0.62
0.84
0.92
1.04
1.17
1.26
1.30 e
1.29 e
1.28

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.90
1.10
1.23
1.46
1.70
1.87
1.93 e
1.90 e
1.89
0.21
0.24
0.23
0.30
0.27
0.34
0.36 e
0.35 e
0.34
Construction
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.09
0.07
0.07 e
0.07 e
0.07 e
Textile and Leather
0.60
0.57
0.57
0.61
0.39
0.37
0.38 e
0.38 e
0.38
Non Specified/Other
1.04
1.24
1.40
1.92
2.47
4.07 e
4.20 e
4.15 e
4.10 e
11.57
16.54
19.13
20.52
21.20
22.42
Agriculture
0.52
0.61
0.65
0.62
0.69
0.65
0.67 e
0.66 e
3.45
5.01
5.94
6.94
8.18
9.32
9.60 e
9.48 e
Residential
6.76
9.89
11.40
11.79
10.94
11.09
11.43
11.28 e
12.00
Transport
0.85
1.03
1.13
1.18
1.39
1.37
1.41
1.39
1.39

23.11
22.81
23.86
0.68 e
9.80 e
Germany
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
337.61
419.20
481.00
505.36
520.88
514.25
526.71
2.1
0.7
Industry
178.33
199.55
216.48
229.55
236.60
233.58
231.79
1.1
0.5
Transport
9.86
11.98
13.67
15.91
16.40
16.19
16.14
1.9
1.3
Agriculture
6.08
7.10
7.22
7.51
7.74 e
7.64 e
7.89 e
1.0
0.7
40.08
58.23
80.66
108.35
111.68 e
110.26 e
113.90 e
4.2
2.7
Residential
Energy(1)
78.56
115.02
137.05
128.91
132.87
131.17 e
139.55
24.71
27.33
25.92
15.14
29.03
36.05
41.37
43.46

15.60 e
44.80 e
15.41 e
44.23 e
17.44 e
45.30 e
3.3
0.1
0.3
-3.0
2.1
0.7

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
178.33
199.55
216.48
229.55
236.60
233.58
231.79
1.1
0.5
28.33
29.92
27.37
23.65
23.87
-0.2
-1.0
24.38 e
24.07 e
90-03
62.94
65.92
62.50
48.34
49.82 e
49.19 e
48.91
-0.0
-1.9
Non-Ferrous Metals
14.51
19.66
19.86
18.50
19.07 e
18.83 e
18.77
1.9
-0.4
10.18
10.72
11.59
14.83
15.28 e
15.09 e
15.07
0.8
2.0
Transport Equipment
8.11
9.64
13.69
18.99
19.57 e
19.32 e
19.24
3.1
2.7
Machinery
8.74
10.74
12.49
10.24
10.55 e
10.42 e
10.20
2.1
-1.5
5.81
5.95
6.45
2.06
2.12 e
2.09 e
2.09
0.6
-8.3
Food and Tobacco
7.16
9.76
12.05
14.70
15.15 e
14.96 e
14.83
3.1
1.6
10.52
12.74
16.95
21.77
22.44 e
22.15 e
22.02
2.8
2.0
2.49
2.76
3.46
4.01
4.13 e
4.08 e
3.94
1.9
1.0

Construction
0.54
0.71
0.70
0.81
0.84 e
0.83 e
0.82 e
1.6
1.1
6.94
6.66
7.11
4.30
4.43 e
4.37 e
4.40
0.1
-3.6
Non Specified/Other
12.06
14.39
22.27
47.37 e
48.83 e
48.20 e
47.63 e
3.7
6.0
19.74
20.35
20.09
19.93
1.1
0.5

15.34
17.16
18.62
Germany
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
19.69
23.37
22.54
31.67
39.74
45.13
45.78
48.37
46.80
18.70
25.13
39.74
45.13
45.78
48.37
46.80
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
6.16
4.09
4.82
5.94
Belgium
0.10
5.59 e
-
4.90 e
-
4.12 e
Canada
Czech Republic
2.35
8.93
9.26 e
11.18 e
12.74 e
3.88 e
4.83 e
3.70 e
Denmark
1.39
4.72
4.52
6.41
Finland
France
1.06
8.63
17.34
15.35
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
0.42
0.97
0.78
0.74
Mexico
Netherlands
0.28
1.03
0.21
0.90
14.92 e
0.74 e
1.38 e
18.80 e
0.88 e
1.28 e
0.83 e
0.71 e
Poland
2.35
0.69
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
1.12
0.65
1.01 e
0.85 e
0.57 e
Switzerland
9.29
5.70
6.24
5.52
7.79 e
5.04 e
4.21 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
19.69
23.37
3.84
6.54
1.19 e
19.65
Norway
Total Non-OECD
0.61 e
0.28
-
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
19.69
23.37
3.84
6.54
Germany
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
8.12
16.22
20.00
30.74
34.91
42.08
42.12
38.37
47.23
16.33
26.01
34.91
42.08
42.12
38.37
47.23
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
4.83
4.45
5.54
7.39
Belgium
0.43
Canada
Czech Republic
0.27
0.23
0.20 e
Denmark
0.29
0.24
0.21
0.55
3.25 e
Finland
France
1.29
0.47
0.50
0.41
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
2.69
3.53
4.23
4.40
Mexico
Netherlands
2.86
8.52
12.79
16.68
6.78 e
8.23 e
2.66 e
10.17 e
5.04 e
0.54 e
4.37 e
14.14 e
7.36 e
8.78 e
Poland
3.89
2.01
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
0.01
0.09
1.14 e
1.35 e
2.20 e
Switzerland
3.95
8.80
7.47
10.33
10.40 e
12.27 e
13.68 e
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
8.12
16.22
3.67
4.73
1.32 e
4.61 e
Norway
Total Non-OECD
4.63 e
1.87 e
2.76
-
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
8.12
16.22
3.67
4.73
Germany
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
50.56
67.62
78.52
84.20
99.71
108.38
109.79
116.15
114.74
Nuclear
3.29
8.46
15.95
22.26
22.68
22.40
22.40
23.40
21.44
Hydro
4.35
5.90
6.13
6.31
8.35
8.98
9.39
9.41
8.17
4.38
4.65
4.56
4.56
4.20
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.11
0.20
0.26
0.39
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
6.10
8.75
12.00
14.61

Total Capacity

Combustible Fuels
0.02 e
42.92
53.26
56.45
55.63
68.66
70.79
69.05
71.07
70.14
of which:
Single-fired:
21.54
23.35
20.18
18.96
28.65
29.14
28.57
..
..
Liquid Fuels
5.93
8.48
5.12
4.92
4.42
3.54
3.55
..
..
Natural Gas
5.61
7.31
3.23
5.76
7.88
9.81
9.66
..
..
0.61
0.36
0.65
1.03
1.03
..
..

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
6.06
6.55
8.58
9.03
8.92
9.30
8.78
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
0.66
1.08
1.45
1.98
1.87
2.39
2.39
..
..
2.37
5.90
10.55
9.22
9.24
8.67
8.67
..
..
0.75
0.59
6.73
5.41
7.03
6.90
6.39
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
49.88
51.82
50.96
62.49
62.36
60.77
..
..
Internal Combustion
0.05
0.09
0.14
0.16
0.68
0.68
..
..
Gas Turbine
3.33
4.54
4.53
6.01
5.02
4.87
..
..
Combined Cycle
2.73
2.73
..
..
Other
Peak Load
..
51.69
56.31
62.32
70.85
74.60
74.50
..
..
Available Capacity
..
68.56
77.71
79.73
96.11
89.50
91.20
..
..
Germany
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
15.64
14.94
14.18
13.55
16.52
10.00
10.33
10.11
10.32
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.46
0.55
0.54
0.54
0.53
0.09
0.09
0.15
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.05
1.14
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
15.18
14.25
13.49
12.81
14.70
10.00
10.33
10.02
10.23
of which:
Single-fired:
9.30
8.61
8.02
7.36
7.95
3.52
3.28
..
..
Liquid Fuels
3.13
3.34
1.72
1.13
1.21
0.60
0.61
..
..
Natural Gas
1.02
1.06
3.24
3.77
4.88
4.63
5.10
..
..
0.51
0.55
0.67
0.91
0.90
..
..

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.80
0.59
..
..
..
0.16
0.16
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
0.83
0.57
..
..
..
0.19
0.19
..
..
0.10
0.08
..
..
..
0.10
..
..
..
..
..

Type of Generation
Steam
13.76
12.89
12.18
13.74
8.47
8.23
..
..
Internal Combustion
0.06
0.13
0.09
0.11
0.28
0.28
..
..
Gas Turbine
0.44
0.47
0.55
0.85
1.26
1.38
..
..
Combined Cycle
0.45
..
..
Other
Peak Load
..
12.61
11.26
10.69
12.46
6.25
6.89
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
12.61
12.11
13.41
9.99
10.31
..
..
Germany
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
46.02
181.50
166.48
57.93
159.00
..
48.49
166.50
..
44.27
176.50
..
56.35
162.80
..
73.6
185.2
185.0
92.7
162.2
..
77.6
169.9
..
70.8
180.1
..
90.2
166.1
..

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
85.18
106.60
80.15
91.83
183.60
117.75
122.56
272.10
222.11
136.3
108.8
89.1
146.9
187.3
130.8
196.1
277.7
246.8
115.81
120.80
130.58
Euro/ toe
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
185.3
123.2
145.1

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0487
0.0021
0.0535
0.0023
0.0703
0.0024
0.0754
0.0057
0.0440
-
0.0490
-
0.0515
-
0.0579
-
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0877
0.0128
0.0934
0.0143
0.1231
0.0188
0.1353
0.0257
0.1309
0.0180
0.1382
0.0190
0.1438
0.0198
0.1554
0.0214
..
..

Greece
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
12.35
15.70
22.18
27.82
29.02
29.89
30.31
3.5
2.3
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
68.88
84.09
90.04
113.49
122.63
128.15
133.90
1.6
2.9
0.18
0.19
0.25
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.23
1.9
-0.6
TPES/population(2)
9.08
9.81
10.34
10.92
10.95
10.98
10.98
0.8
0.4
1.36
1.60
2.15
2.55
2.65
2.72
2.76
2.7
1.8
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
104
137
137
132
130
126
1.9
-0.6
100
128
171
206
206
206
..
3.2
..
1400
2030
2756
3954
4254
4427
..
4.1
..
14.82
22.65
34.78
53.43
53.95
57.91
58.77
5.1
3.8
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
12.35
15.70
22.18
27.82
29.02
29.89
30.31
3.5
2.3
Coal
2.10
3.26
8.07
9.04
8.97
8.91
8.92
8.2
0.7
Oil
9.61
11.64
12.81
15.61
16.57
17.19
17.40
1.7
2.2
TPES (Mtoe)
0.14
1.70
1.80
2.03
2.23
22.0
0.45
0.45
0.89
1.01
1.03
0.98
1.00
4.1
0.8
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-5.6
0.06
0.14
0.16
0.19
0.20
9.3
0.19
0.29
0.15
0.32
0.24
0.41
0.40
-1.3
7.1
0.00
0.05
0.06
-0.00
0.25
0.18
0.17
17.6
7.6
Gas
Comb. Renew & Waste
Hydro
Heat

Greece
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
-
2.7
2.2
3.4
2.0
4.1
2.7
3.5
5.3
of which:
-
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.6
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.5
0.8
0.7
1.0
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
8.9
12.6
19.2
33.0
49.3
50.2
50.5
52.1
5.0
5.3
10.2
25.2
34.3
35.4
34.6
35.2
3.9
7.3
9.1
7.7
8.9
8.5
8.6
8.7
0.1
5.9
6.1
7.1
8.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
11.6
14.8
22.7
35.0
53.8
53.7
54.6
58.5
0.5
0.8
1.4
2.9
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.1
11.0
14.0
21.3
32.1
49.9
49.7
50.6
54.3
Used for Heat Pumps
0.3
0.6
0.9
0.9
0.8
4.2
Imports
0.0
0.1
0.7
1.3
1.7
3.6
4.6
Exports
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
1.7
1.1
1.7
2.1
11.0
14.1
21.9
32.5
49.3
51.3
52.6
55.6
1.0
1.0
1.6
2.9
4.3
5.0
4.0
5.0
0.2
0.3
0.4
1.2
1.8
1.8
2.0
2.1
9.9
12.7
19.9
28.5
43.2
44.5
46.6
48.6
11.6
14.8
22.7
34.8
53.4
53.1
53.9
57.9
11.6
14.9
23.3
35.7
53.8
56.2
57.5
60.6
20.3
29.7
45.0
46.4
48.5
50.7
10.1
13.0

Greece
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
15.02
22.65
34.78
53.43
53.95
57.91
58.77
5.4
Coal
5.72
10.16
25.17
34.31
34.57
35.17
35.56
9.7
2.5
Oil
6.96
9.09
7.75
8.89
8.63
8.72
8.27
0.7
0.5
Gas
0.09
5.92
7.06
7.99
9.03
38.8
0.16
0.23
0.25
0.25
Nuclear
Geothermal
56.3
3.8
0.00
0.45
0.65
1.02
1.04
2.35
3.41
1.77
3.69
2.80
4.77
4.63
-1.8
7.1
0.23
0.42
0.66
0.57
0.53
6.2
Total
14.81
22.41
33.90
52.41
52.95
56.90
..
5.3
..
Coal
5.72
10.16
25.17
34.31
34.57
35.17
..
9.7
..
Oil
6.74
8.85
6.96
8.17
7.87
8.00
..
0.2
..
5.79
6.93
7.85
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Gas
0.13
0.11
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.45
0.65
1.02
..
..
2.35
3.41
1.77
3.69
2.80
4.77
..
-1.8
..
0.23
0.42
0.66
0.57
..
..
Total
0.21
0.24
0.88
1.01
1.00
1.01
..
9.3
..
Coal
..
..
0.21
0.24
0.78
0.72
0.76
0.73
..
8.5
..
0.09
0.13
0.13
0.14
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
Oil
Gas
0.16
0.11
0.14
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Hydro
..
..
..
..

Greece
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
1174
1153
1013
1178
80-95 95-04
-
Coal
1174
1153
1013
1178
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
1174
1153
1013
..
..
Coal
1174
1153
1013
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
of which:
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Greece
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
11.56
14.82
15.02
22.65
35.00
53.84
53.70
54.61
58.48
2.65
2.22
2.35
3.41
2.00
4.11
2.73
3.46
5.33
0.57
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.23
0.42
0.63
0.66
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.45
0.76
0.65
1.02

Combustible Fuels
8.91
12.59
12.67
19.25
33.00
49.28
50.22
50.49
52.13
of which:
Coal
4.99
5.25
5.72
10.16
25.17
34.31
35.43
34.57
35.17
Oil
3.92
7.34
6.96
9.09
7.75
8.89
8.48
8.63
8.72
Gas
0.09
5.92
6.13
7.06
7.99
0.16
0.18
0.23
0.25
(1)
11.04
14.01
14.20
21.29
32.15
49.86
49.73
50.61
54.34
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
2.34
3.40
1.98
4.09
2.70
3.44
5.31
0.57
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.23
0.42
0.63
0.66
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.00
0.45
0.76
0.65
1.02
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
11.86
17.89
30.16
45.33
46.27
46.52
48.02

Greece
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
212
243
859
990
892
979
999
5.5
30
30
-
27
27
-
584
584
-
634
634
-
657
657
-
725
725
-
705
57
648
-
11.5
11.2
-
182
125
31
26
-
216
148
45
23
-
275
195
80
-
356
191
54
111
-
235
100
44
91
-
254
103
54
97
-
294
139
66
6
83
-
1.7
0.4
3.5
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Greece
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
3.15
4.78
8.75
11.58
11.76
11.78
12.07
6.2
2.5
Coal
1.40
2.63
6.89
8.17
8.45
8.30
8.44
9.8
1.6
Oil
1.75
2.15
1.84
2.07
1.97
2.05
2.08
0.3
1.0
Gas
0.02
1.28
1.26
1.35
1.48
40.4
0.06
0.07
0.08 e
0.06
Total
..
4.75
8.58
11.38
11.59
11.60
11.90
..
2.5
Coal
..
2.63
6.89
8.17
8.45
8.30
8.44
..
1.6
Oil
..
2.13
1.69
1.96
1.87
1.94
1.97
..
1.2
Gas
..
1.25
1.24
1.31
1.46
..
..
0.03
0.05
0.03
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.19
0.29
0.15
0.36
0.25
0.30
0.50
-1.3
9.5
0.19
0.29
0.15
0.32
0.18
0.24
0.41
-1.3
7.9
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.09
61.6
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Greece
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
10
39
Fuel Input (TJ)
152
54
272
1061
14
20
78
20634
50531
59835
62563
64033
65128
5.1
139207
288477
322431
331334
325736
328441
3.8
10159
25166
31957
33046
32368
32791
5.2
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
-0.4

2192
1735
2016
1912
1981
2012
95237
70698
82232
78042
81250
82439
-0.6
8845
6963
8166
7783
7871
7997
-0.4
Fuel Input (TJ)
58138
57628
61175
68015
5788
6024
6934
7845
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1198
1190
1010
72
91
78
234444
359175
462953
468256
469623
480966
3.2

19004
32129
45925
46931
47284
48789
4.2
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Greece
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
4053
21849
2342
1174
4199
22238
2379
1176
4198
21355
2178
1153
4343
22278
2300
1013
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
26
1114
244
-
138
5546
783
-
93
4152
719
-
93
4218
694
-
99
4526
762
-
101
4671
725
-
6.1
6.4
4.8
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
840
92
-
1415
132
-
1220
109
-
1524
127
-
1002
143
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
2662
163
-
1611
103
-
1555
108
-
1399
141
-
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
102
7
-
758
35
-
277
27
-
29389
3292
1176
29718
3210
1153
29627
3336
1013
15.3
12.0
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1114
6386
30078
244
875
3356
1174
Greece
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
9.21
11.59
15.47
19.50
20.09
20.49
21.59
3.1
2.6
0.52
0.47
1.20
0.88
0.89
0.70
0.60
5.1
-5.2
7.15
8.96
10.75
13.46
13.92
14.29
15.25
2.4
2.7
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.38
0.38
0.42
0.51
25.0
12.4
0.45
0.45
0.89
0.95
0.94
0.95
0.91
4.1
0.2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-6.0
0.06
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
4.9
1.09
1.71
2.45
3.71
3.83
4.00
4.18
4.9
4.2
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
3.07
4.02
4.15
4.62
4.61
4.54
4.51
1.8
0.6
0.37
0.32
1.06
0.85
0.87
0.69
0.60
6.3
-4.3
2.06
2.80
1.76
2.01
1.98
2.01
2.05
-0.9
1.2
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.36
0.35
0.38
0.45
41.6
12.0
0.19
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.20
0.4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.63
0.90
1.04
1.17
1.18
1.22
1.22
3.0
1.2
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.70
4.03
5.95
7.36
7.53
7.63
7.98
4.8
2.3
0.02
0.00
0.00
-17.4
2.68
4.02
5.94
7.34
7.50
7.60
7.94
4.8
2.3
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
5.9
5.0
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.66
0.76
1.04
1.12
1.12
1.17
1.26
2.7
1.5
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.65
0.73
0.90
0.85
0.87
0.95
1.02
2.0
0.9
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-6.0
0.02
0.03
0.13
0.25
0.24
0.21
0.24
13.4
4.6
Greece
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.18
0.00
0.18
-
0.28
0.00
0.28
-
0.65
0.00
0.16
0.01
0.00
0.48
-
1.31
0.25
0.01
0.00
0.00
1.05
-
1.48
0.32
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.14
-
1.54
0.32
0.02
0.00
0.00
1.20
-
1.67
0.35
0.03
0.00
0.00
1.29
-
8.0
9.2
6.1
-
7.5
6.1
13.8
8.8
7.9
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.98
0.04
1.22
0.00
0.45
0.26
-
2.01
0.04
1.03
0.00
0.45
0.49
-
3.07
0.02
1.51
0.00
0.70
0.06
0.78
-
4.52
0.02
2.45
0.00
0.70
0.10
1.22
0.03
4.74
0.02
2.64
0.01
0.70
0.10
1.25
0.03
4.95
0.00
2.75
0.01
0.70
0.10
1.36
0.03
5.52
0.00
3.26
0.02
0.70
0.10
1.41
0.02
2.6
-4.2
1.3
4.0
2.7
6.6
-
4.6
-12.4
6.1
18.3
4.8
4.7
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.21
0.21
-
0.13
0.13
-
0.05
0.05
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
-7.9
-7.9
-
-22.2
-
Heat

Greece
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
9.21
11.59
12.89
15.47
16.40
19.50
20.09
20.49
21.59
Total Industry
3.07
4.02
3.71
4.15
4.10
4.62
4.61
4.54
4.51
Iron and Steel
0.46
0.35
0.20
0.23
0.14
0.19
0.21
0.24
0.25
0.39
0.35
0.36
0.47
0.29
0.44
0.35
0.35
0.40
Non-ferrous Metals
0.55
0.69
0.56
0.62
0.61
0.81
0.80
0.83
0.83
0.52
1.17
1.28
1.28
1.37
1.28
1.36
1.22
1.11
Transport Equipment
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Machinery
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.14
0.09
Food and Tobacco
0.28
0.22
0.29
0.34
0.37
0.65
0.63
0.64
0.70
0.14
0.15
0.11
0.14
0.11
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.18
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.05
TFC
Construction
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.19
Textile and Leather
0.05
0.09
0.24
0.22
0.19
0.21
0.20
0.19
0.19
Non Specified/Other
0.54
0.85
0.52
0.71
0.76
0.41
0.44
0.43
0.42
5.73
7.21
8.64
10.77
11.89
14.32
14.87
15.29
16.44
Agriculture
0.66
0.76
0.96
1.04
1.02
1.12
1.12
1.17
1.26
0.18
0.28
0.35
0.65
0.94
1.31
1.48
1.54
1.67
Residential
1.98
2.01
2.34
3.07
3.35
4.52
4.74
4.95
5.52
Transport
2.70
4.03
4.80
5.95
6.58
7.36
7.53
7.63
7.98

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.21
0.13
0.19
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.42
0.36
0.54
0.54
0.42
0.56
0.61
0.66
0.64
1.09
1.71
2.05
2.45
2.93
3.71
3.83
4.00
4.18
Total Industry
0.63
0.90
0.95
1.04
1.04
1.17
1.18
1.22
1.22
Iron and Steel
0.04
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.10
0.05
Non-ferrous Metals
0.25
0.27
0.25
0.29
0.28
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.32
0.07
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
Transport Equipment
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
Machinery
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
Food and Tobacco
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.16
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
Construction
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
Textile and Leather
0.05
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.09
Non Specified/Other
0.05
0.08
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.12
0.14
0.13
0.11
0.46
0.81
1.10
1.41
1.89
2.55
2.65
2.79
2.96
Agriculture
0.02
0.03
0.08
0.13
0.17
0.25
0.24
0.21
0.24
0.18
0.28
0.35
0.48
0.72
1.05
1.14
1.20
1.29
Residential
0.26
0.49
0.66
0.78
0.99
1.22
1.25
1.36
1.41
Transport
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02

Greece
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
13.01
20.31
29.67
44.98
46.38
48.54
50.67
5.0
4.2
Industry
7.37
10.50
12.11
13.55
13.76
14.13
14.15
3.0
1.2
Transport
0.05
0.10
0.13
0.23
0.21
0.22
0.24
5.9
5.0
Agriculture
0.18
0.40
1.56
2.91
2.78
2.48
2.78
13.4
4.6
2.04
3.25
5.61
12.26
13.23
13.95
14.98
6.1
7.9
Residential
Energy(1)
3.07
5.66
9.07
14.21
14.55
15.78
16.44
6.6
4.7
0.31
0.40
1.20
1.83
1.85
1.98
2.08
8.4
4.3
1.12
1.75
2.55
3.87
3.99
4.17
4.36
5.0
4.2


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
7.37
10.50
12.11
13.55
13.76
14.13
14.15
3.0
90-03
1.2
Iron and Steel
0.50
0.95
1.00
0.98
1.10
1.42
1.55
4.2
3.4
0.97
1.20
1.38
1.21
1.09
1.15
0.63
2.1
-5.9
Non-Ferrous Metals
2.90
3.18
3.32
3.86
3.90
3.93
3.76
0.8
1.0
0.78
1.55
1.78
2.07
2.06
2.05
2.08
5.0
1.2
Transport Equipment
0.06
0.12
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.17
6.2
0.4
Machinery
0.22
0.33
0.41
0.61
0.61
0.64
0.88
3.8
6.1
0.14
0.21
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.28
0.09
4.3
-8.5
Food and Tobacco
0.24
0.46
0.71
1.21
1.23
1.29
1.88
6.7
7.8
0.32
0.49
0.51
0.51
0.49
0.47
0.58
2.7
1.0
0.06
0.11
0.10
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.25
2.6
7.3
Construction
0.01
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.03
7.4
0.60
1.03
1.07
1.00
1.00
0.97
1.00
3.5
-0.5
Non Specified/Other
0.59
0.88
1.38
1.43
1.60
1.53
1.27
5.1
-0.6

0.63
0.90
1.04
1.17
1.18
1.22
1.22
3.0
1.2
Greece
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.08
0.65
0.95
1.33
1.39
1.73
3.56
4.60
4.17
0.16
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.34
0.03
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
0.16
0.02
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
0.04
Ireland
Italy
0.02
0.34
0.03
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.08
0.65
0.79
1.31
1.35
1.73
3.55
4.26
4.14
Albania
0.15
0.08
0.17
0.20
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.05
Bulgaria
0.32
0.65
1.07
2.41
3.31
3.27
Romania
Former USSR
0.06
0.20
Total Non-OECD
Belarus
Georgia
0.06
0.20
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Slovenia
0.08
0.45
0.51
0.83
0.50
0.61
1.13
0.94
0.83
0.94
0.83
0.08
0.45
0.51
0.83
0.50
0.61
1.13
Others
Greece
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.03
0.04
0.21
0.62
0.59
1.74
1.06
1.71
2.08
0.01
0.49
1.14
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
0.01
0.49
1.14
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.03
0.04
0.21
0.62
0.59
1.74
1.06
1.21
0.94
Albania
0.13
0.46
0.39
1.11
1.00
1.16
0.78
Bulgaria
0.07
0.01
0.21
Romania
Total Non-OECD
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.03
0.04
0.08
0.10
0.19
0.42
0.06
0.05
0.16
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Slovenia
0.05
0.16
0.03
0.04
0.08
0.10
0.19
0.42
0.06
Others
Greece
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.81
5.16
7.00
8.31
8.72
10.69
10.77
11.36
11.84

Total Capacity
Nuclear
1.29
1.42
2.03
2.41
2.52
3.07
3.08
3.08
3.08
0.21
0.32
0.32
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.03
0.23
0.27
0.29
0.37
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
2.53
3.74
4.97
5.90
6.17
7.39
7.43
7.99
8.39
of which:
Single-fired:
1.08
1.86
3.05
3.89
4.22
4.49
4.52
4.52
4.81
Liquid Fuels
1.13
1.66
1.77
2.01
1.96
1.84
1.83
1.92
2.02
Natural Gas
0.10
1.06
1.06
1.54
1.54
0.02
0.02
0.02

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.22
0.22
0.14
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
4.44
5.31
5.48
5.68
5.71
5.71
6.00
Internal Combustion
0.20
0.29
0.40
0.56
0.51
0.54
0.63
Gas Turbine
0.33
0.29
0.16
0.30
0.34
0.40
0.42
Combined Cycle
0.13
0.85
0.85
1.33
1.32
Other
0.02
0.02
0.02
Peak Load
..
3.55
4.11
4.92
6.06
8.53
8.60
8.92
9.04
Available Capacity
..
..
6.19
6.04
6.31
10.32
8.93
9.35
10.08
Greece
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.13
0.17
0.13
0.20
0.22
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.24
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.13
0.17
0.13
0.20
0.22
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.24
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.04
Liquid Fuels
0.09
0.17
0.07
0.13
0.15
0.13
0.17
0.17
0.14
Natural Gas
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.03
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
0.12
Type of Generation
Steam
0.11
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.12
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.05
Combined Cycle
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Greece
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c
..
..
c

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
7.35
..
..
17.04
..
..
73.37
..
..
8
..
..
18
..
..
76
..
..
74.15
..
Euro/ toe
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
77
..

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0029
-
0.0053
-
0.0177
-
0.0302
-
0.0452
-
0.0482
-
0.0487
-
0.0493
-
0.0510
-
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0068
0.0006
0.0093
0.0008
0.0252
0.0025
0.0550
0.0082
0.0757
0.0056
0.0784
0.0058
0.0815
0.0060
0.0849
0.0063
0.0860
0.0060

Hungary
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
21.33
28.49
28.55
25.01
25.81
26.34
26.03
1.7
-0.7
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
30.13
38.60
43.22
46.68
50.17
51.70
53.80
2.1
1.6
0.71
0.74
0.66
0.54
0.51
0.51
0.48
-0.4
-2.2
TPES/population(2)
10.43
10.71
10.37
10.21
10.16
10.13
10.12
-0.0
-0.2
2.05
2.66
2.75
2.45
2.54
2.60
2.57
1.8
-0.5
100
104
93
76
73
72
68
-0.4
-2.2
100
114
125
108
108
104
..
1.3
..
1684
2390
3049
2884
3100
3100
..
3.6
..
17.64
23.88
28.44
35.19
36.16
34.15
33.71
2.8
1.2
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
21.33
28.49
28.55
25.01
25.81
26.34
26.03
1.7
-0.7
Coal
7.91
8.43
6.12
3.97
3.62
3.75
3.45
-1.5
-4.0
Oil
8.21
10.93
8.51
6.86
6.46
6.30
6.23
0.2
-2.2
Gas
4.17
7.97
8.91
9.65
10.81
11.88
11.63
4.6
1.9
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.64
0.52
0.38
0.41
0.80
0.82
0.85
-3.1
6.0
Nuclear
3.58
3.71
3.65
2.89
3.12
-1.0
Geothermal
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
3.4
1.2
0.40
0.64
0.96
0.30
0.37
0.60
0.64
5.3
-2.8
TPES (Mtoe)
Hydro
Heat

90-04
Hungary
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
13.7
14.2
14.1
14.0
11.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
of which:
-
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.0
23.0
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
14.9
17.5
23.8
14.5
20.8
22.1
22.0
9.8
11.6
12.0
8.7
9.7
8.9
9.1
9.3
3.3
3.0
3.3
1.4
4.4
4.2
2.1
1.6
1.8
2.9
8.4
4.5
6.6
8.9
10.7
11.9
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
15.0
17.6
23.9
28.4
35.2
36.4
36.2
34.1
1.5
1.8
2.0
2.5
2.9
2.7
2.7
2.8
13.5
15.9
21.9
25.9
32.3
33.7
33.5
31.4
14.1
Imports
5.1
5.7
10.2
13.3
9.5
10.4
12.6
Exports
0.8
1.1
2.8
2.2
6.1
7.2
8.3
7.1
17.9
20.5
29.3
37.0
35.7
36.9
37.7
38.3
1.6
1.9
2.4
4.0
4.8
4.7
4.4
4.2
1.0
1.1
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.7
1.8
2.7
15.2
17.6
25.6
31.6
29.4
30.5
31.5
31.4
15.0
17.6
23.9
28.4
35.2
36.4
36.2
34.1
19.3
22.3
31.3
39.6
38.6
39.6
40.4
41.1
26.9
33.0
30.9
32.2
33.3
34.1
16.3
18.6

Hungary
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
18.99
23.88
28.44
35.19
36.16
34.15
33.71
2.6
1.2
Coal
11.82
12.04
8.67
9.71
9.06
9.25
8.27
-1.9
-0.3
Oil
4.06
3.32
1.35
4.40
2.14
1.63
0.75
-6.7
-4.1
Gas
3.02
8.41
4.47
6.60
10.74
11.88
11.82
2.5
7.2
0.03
0.12
0.07
0.19
0.74
24.6

Nuclear
13.73
14.18
13.95
11.01
11.92
-1.0
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.08
0.11
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.17
0.21
5.0
1.2
Total
17.92
22.66
27.46
34.69
35.76
33.77
..
2.7
..
Coal
11.15
11.60
8.54
9.71
9.06
9.25
..
-1.7
..
Oil
3.82
2.97
1.03
4.34
1.97
1.46
..
-7.9
..
Gas
..
Hydro
of which:
2.86
7.98
3.96
6.18
10.51
11.70
..
2.0
0.03
0.11
0.06
0.17
..
..
Nuclear
13.73
14.18
13.95
11.01
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.00
..
..
0.08
0.11
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.17
..
5.0
..
..
..
Total
1.07
1.21
0.97
0.50
0.40
0.38
..
-0.6
..
Coal
0.67
0.44
0.13
..
-9.6
..
Oil
0.25
0.35
0.33
0.07
0.16
0.17
..
1.7
..
Gas
0.15
0.43
0.51
0.42
0.22
0.18
..
7.9
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
0.01
0.01
0.03
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Hydro
..
..
..
..

Hungary
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
79310
73854
61330
69165
61979
63975
60720
80-95 95-04
-1.7
Coal
27748
23580
16512
18749
12116
12443
11291
-3.4
-4.1
Oil
19857
12886
13834
4831
4667
3670
1690
-2.4
-20.8
Gas
-0.1
31619
36830
29816
43791
43561
46379
46069
-0.4
5.0
86
558
904
970
758
574
819
17.0
-1.1
Nuclear
606
603
652
633
-2.1
Geothermal
264
218
274
257
218
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
50287
53676
39482
64007
57636
60717
..
-1.6
..
Coal
20559
19620
14672
18749
12116
12443
..
-2.2
..
9599
6260
8308
4420
3765
3306
..
-1.0
..
20129
27238
15408
39127
40154
43530
..
-1.8
..
558
830
887
724
529
..
..
..
..
of which:
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
606
603
652
..
..
Geothermal
264
218
274
257
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
29023
20178
21848
5158
4343
3258
..
-1.9
..
Coal
7189
3960
1840
..
-8.7
..
Autoproducers
Oil
10258
6626
5526
411
902
364
..
-4.0
..
Gas
11490
9592
14408
4664
3407
2849
..
1.5
..
86
74
83
34
45
..
-1.0
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Hungary
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
14.99
17.64
18.99
23.88
28.44
35.19
13.73
14.18
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.11
0.18
0.18
2001
2002
2003
36.41
36.16
34.15
14.13
13.95
11.01
0.19
0.19
0.17
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
14.90
17.54
18.90
23.76
14.53
20.83
22.10
22.01
22.96
Coal
9.80
11.65
11.82
12.04
8.67
9.71
8.92
9.06
9.25
Oil
3.33
3.03
4.06
3.32
1.35
4.40
4.19
2.14
1.63
Gas
1.77
2.86
3.02
8.41
4.47
6.60
8.86
10.74
11.88
0.03
0.12
0.13
0.07
0.19
Combustible Fuels
of which:

(1)
13.51
15.87
17.16
21.91
25.90
32.26
33.70
33.47
31.38
Nuclear
..
..
12.91
12.98
13.06
13.26
10.30
Hydro
..
..
0.08
0.11
0.18
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.16
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
17.08
21.80
12.81
19.11
20.47
20.04
20.91

Hungary
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
963
1091
876
492
462
366
343
-3.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
126
83
43
75
49
26
40
40
-
38
38
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
366
81
29
1
186
61
1
7
376
60
33
211
59
12
1
-
315
60
4
181
57
13
-
299
54
3
163
59
12
8
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
963
..
..
..
963
1091
..
..
..
1091
876
..
..
..
876
11
11
-
11
11
-
6
6
-
-16.1
..
..
..
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Hungary
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
6.36
9.37
6.64
6.60
6.73
6.42
6.86
0.3
0.3
Coal
4.05
4.82
3.74
3.01
2.78
2.68
2.75
-0.5
-2.3
Oil
1.18
1.46
0.72
1.08
1.06
0.60
0.48
-2.9
-3.1
Gas
1.13
3.08
2.16
2.45
2.82
3.08
3.55
3.9
3.9
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.08
16.8
7.2
Total
..
8.14
5.85
6.42
6.56
6.20
6.71
..
1.1
Coal
..
4.52
3.60
3.01
2.78
2.68
2.75
..
-2.0
Oil
..
1.03
0.45
1.06
1.05
0.55
0.45
..
-0.1
Gas
..
2.59
1.77
2.28
2.67
2.91
3.43
..
5.2
..
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.07
..
6.78

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.58
3.71
3.70
3.65
2.89
-1.6
Nuclear
3.58
3.71
3.70
3.65
2.89
-1.6
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
3.4
-0.1
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
3.4
-0.3
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Hungary
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003
1980
1990
2000
2001
Fuel Input (1000 t)
22
107
Fuel Input (TJ)
548
2577
47
197
14379
10826
10429
11543
11312
11664
-0.9
129149
93889
87353
95311
93018
95110
-1.3
11148
7861
8290
8341
8449
8392
-1.2
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1395
293
146
-9.3
109
22
-10.7
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
719
241
962
961
454
337
-3.2
29039
9590
38687
38748
18318
13581
-3.3
2658
850
4149
3991
1818
1302
-3.1
89261
38859
37602
35743
48654
56668
-2.0
7490
3152
3620
3405
4743
5365
-1.4
Fuel Input (TJ)
26
26
1358
101
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
248844
142631
163668
169828
160538
169440
-1.7

21405
11885
16062
15740
15057
15365
-1.4

Fuel Input (TJ)

Hungary
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
15
376
20
230
50
1247
63
722
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2430
22077
713
13014
2551
22237
688
13888
2586
27324
1300
15193
1626
14270
498
10054
1198
11737
467
7759
1196
11906
518
7493
-3.0
-2.6
-1.4
-2.4
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
842
72
329
1013
98
395
5541
117
3545
4523
84
3042
4585
80
2752
3321
76
2027
6.1
0.2
8.2

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
361
14533
658
8301
219
8793
501
4910
145
5604
255
4014
122
5058
201
3425
150
6227
319
4082
141
5719
324
3088
-4.0
-4.0
-3.0
-4.2

Fuel Input (TJ)
25948
916
14221
35818
1321
20002
55915
2982
27052
72372
5456
33263
71563
5992
26314
85332
6518
29579
5.3
8.9
3.2

Fuel Input (TJ)
136
7
83
27
3
6
31
5
7
50
8
12
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
988
34
318
2436
110
815
2597
112
798
1995
59
616
1507
67
424
86
7
27
89
9
27
117
18
33
98933
6361
50615
96603
6951
41787
109199
7592
43378
2.4
5.2
0.8

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
63400
68849
96956
2359
2642
4771
35865
39513
50702
Hungary
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

72
11
-7.8
Fuel Input (TJ)
1622
246
26
248
-7.8
1033
170
21
186
-7.2
Fuel Input (1000 t)
1810
1214
197
205
160
-10.0
Fuel Input (TJ)
19968
12675
12
1880
1872
1436
-10.8
12844
8586
11
1333
1354
974
-10.6
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
812
784
1455
2.6
528
541
1041
3.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Peat

413
272
22
16
16
17
-13.0
Fuel Input (TJ)
17254
11229
907
650
626
710
-13.0
11556
7976
817
551
585
582
-12.2
Fuel Input (TJ)
28128
25668
20510
23250
23092
23372
-0.8
17398
16828
16739
18017
17247
16800
-0.2
133
291
107
113
220
134
0.0
86
240
72
59
108
105
0.9
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
67917
50893
21536
25893
25836
27355
-3.9

43445
34341
17639
19960
19315
19688
-3.4
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Hungary
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
17.14
22.32
21.02
17.34
17.88
18.47
19.00
1.2
-0.8
4.17
3.73
2.68
0.71
0.65
0.68
0.66
-2.6
-10.2
6.71
9.37
7.41
5.54
5.33
5.76
5.72
0.6
-2.0
3.07
4.80
6.20
6.69
7.34
7.19
7.73
4.2
1.7
0.62
0.49
0.34
0.35
0.33
0.74
0.75
-3.5
6.3
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
-0.6
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.51
2.20
2.72
2.53
2.63
2.71
2.70
3.5
-0.0
1.06
1.72
1.59
1.45
1.52
1.30
1.37
2.4
-1.2
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
7.27
9.62
7.54
4.47
4.48
4.67
4.52
0.2
-3.9
1.86
1.62
0.80
0.46
0.41
0.41
0.38
-4.9
-5.5
1.71
2.61
1.58
1.04
0.87
1.11
1.10
-0.5
-2.8
2.29
3.55
3.76
1.70
1.89
1.78
1.69
2.9
-6.0
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.05
-10.5
25.2
0.00
0.92
1.19
1.18
0.76
0.81
0.88
0.82
1.5
-2.7
0.46
0.63
0.23
0.52
0.48
0.46
0.48
-4.0
5.8
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.37
3.05
3.15
3.33
3.48
3.66
3.82
1.7
1.5
0.38
0.13
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
-30.3
14.0
1.92
2.83
3.05
3.24
3.38
3.57
3.72
2.8
1.5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
23.4
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
2.4
-1.0
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.06
1.44
1.14
0.67
0.63
0.66
0.62
0.4
-4.6
0.05
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
-4.0
-2.6
0.80
1.14
0.68
0.34
0.29
0.30
0.28
-0.9
-6.6
0.02
0.07
0.19
0.20
0.22
0.22
0.20
13.7
0.6
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
-4.0
7.8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.13
0.17
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
4.1
-4.5
0.09
0.07
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-0.9
-33.4
Hungary
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.13
0.43
0.17
0.13
0.20
0.20
1.41
0.21
0.45
0.21
0.00
0.23
0.30
1.94
0.09
0.29
0.61
0.01
0.48
0.46
2.95
0.02
0.07
1.77
0.05
0.76
0.26
3.12
0.01
0.07
1.93
0.05
0.77
0.29
2.89
0.01
0.06
1.78
0.05
0.75
0.24
3.01
0.01
0.05
1.89
0.06
0.00
0.74
0.25
3.3
-8.7
3.2
9.4
5.3
5.1
3.4
-15.8
-12.1
9.0
14.7
3.5
-4.5
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
3.81
1.39
1.01
0.34
0.56
0.22
0.29
5.17
1.73
1.25
0.61
0.46
0.43
0.68
6.45
1.74
1.19
1.58
0.32
0.79
0.83
5.21
0.19
0.32
2.93
0.27
0.84
0.67
5.53
0.19
0.29
3.18
0.25
0.00
0.87
0.75
5.93
0.23
0.28
3.28
0.63
0.00
0.90
0.61
6.53
0.25
0.24
3.85
0.60
0.00
0.95
0.64
3.1
1.3
1.0
9.5
-3.4
7.8
6.4
0.1
-14.0
-11.7
7.1
5.1
1.4
-2.0
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.88
0.06
0.47
0.29
0.01
0.02
0.86
0.03
0.31
0.36
0.00
0.13
0.26
0.03
0.08
0.06
0.00
0.08
-
0.20
0.00
0.02
0.10
0.08
-
0.21
0.01
0.12
0.00
0.08
-
0.21
0.00
0.13
0.08
-
0.17
0.09
0.08
-
-6.9
-5.0
-9.7
-8.5
-15.4
-
-3.2
3.0
-0.8
-
0.02
0.03
Heat

Hungary
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
17.14
22.32
22.70
21.02
17.42
17.34
17.88
18.47
19.00
Total Industry
7.27
9.62
9.19
7.54
4.59
4.47
4.48
4.67
4.52
Iron and Steel
2.08
2.28
2.14
1.56
0.94
0.62
0.53
0.55
0.52
1.52
2.94
2.88
2.30
1.68
1.95
1.81
1.89
1.73
Non-ferrous Metals
0.34
0.38
0.36
0.27
0.17
0.25
0.22
0.27
0.26
1.01
1.22
1.08
1.02
0.59
0.58
0.63
0.63
0.65
Transport Equipment
0.21
0.24
0.23
0.17
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.14
Machinery
0.51
0.58
0.56
0.48
0.21
0.17
0.20
0.20
0.22
0.17
0.17
0.19
0.17
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
Food and Tobacco
0.65
0.88
0.91
0.95
0.59
0.45
0.58
0.59
0.56
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.15
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.06
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.06
TFC
Construction
0.23
0.26
0.21
0.15
0.05
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
Textile and Leather
0.34
0.41
0.37
0.30
0.10
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.06
Non Specified/Other
0.05
0.07
0.06
0.02
0.02
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
9.24
11.93
12.89
12.94
12.12
12.36
12.97
13.36
14.15
Agriculture
1.06
1.44
1.40
1.14
0.67
0.67
0.63
0.66
0.62
1.13
1.41
1.77
1.94
2.56
2.95
3.12
2.89
3.01
Residential
3.81
5.17
6.24
6.45
5.95
5.21
5.53
5.93
6.53
Transport
2.37
3.05
2.88
3.15
2.71
3.33
3.48
3.66
3.82

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.88
0.86
0.60
0.26
0.23
0.20
0.21
0.21
0.17
0.62
0.77
0.62
0.53
0.71
0.51
0.43
0.44
0.33
1.51
2.20
2.59
2.72
2.39
2.53
2.63
2.71
2.70
Total Industry
0.92
1.19
1.27
1.18
0.72
0.76
0.81
0.88
0.82
Iron and Steel
0.13
0.16
0.18
0.15
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.21
0.30
0.32
0.30
0.19
0.24
0.26
0.26
0.18
Non-ferrous Metals
0.14
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.08
0.09
0.04
0.09
0.09
0.07
0.10
0.09
0.10
0.05
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.08
Transport Equipment
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Machinery
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.13
0.07
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.01
Food and Tobacco
0.06
0.10
0.11
0.14
0.11
0.09
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Construction
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
Textile and Leather
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Non Specified/Other
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.59
1.01
1.33
1.53
1.67
1.78
1.82
1.83
1.88
Agriculture
0.08
0.13
0.16
0.17
0.11
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.20
0.23
0.33
0.48
0.63
0.76
0.77
0.75
0.74
Residential
0.22
0.43
0.64
0.79
0.84
0.84
0.87
0.90
0.95
Transport
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09

0.02
0.13
0.09
Hungary
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
18.63
26.93
33.01
30.86
32.20
33.33
34.08
3.4
0.2
Industry
10.74
13.80
13.75
8.80
9.43
10.26
9.59
1.5
-2.7
Transport
0.79
1.08
1.19
1.02
1.03
1.02
1.05
2.4
-1.0
Agriculture
0.97
1.57
1.93
0.96
0.96
1.05
1.06
4.1
-4.5
2.31
2.65
5.54
8.88
8.99
8.72
8.65
5.3
3.5
Residential
Energy(1)
2.55
5.02
9.19
9.79
10.13
10.44
11.06
7.8
1.4
1.08
1.35
1.42
1.42
1.65
1.85
2.68
1.6
5.0
0.19
1.46
1.60
2.32
2.84
2.65
2.77
2.87
2.93
3.4
0.2

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
10.74
13.80
13.75
8.80
9.43
10.26
9.59
1.5
-2.7
Iron and Steel
1.52
1.89
1.75
0.58
0.64
0.69
0.65
0.8
-7.4
2.49
3.43
3.45
2.80
3.06
3.05
2.05
1.9
-3.9
Non-Ferrous Metals
1.68
1.86
1.77
0.99
0.51
1.09
1.05
0.3
-3.9
-1.3
0.77
1.12
1.15
0.87
0.97
0.98
0.97
2.4
Transport Equipment
0.40
0.51
0.37
0.29
0.52
0.60
0.67
-0.5
4.7
Machinery
0.99
1.24
1.47
0.58
0.73
0.84
0.88
2.4
-3.9
0.34
0.38
0.31
0.10
0.04
0.04
0.10
-0.5
-8.1
Food and Tobacco
0.75
1.12
1.64
1.09
1.39
1.40
1.54
4.7
-0.5
0.40
0.51
0.56
0.51
0.46
0.45
0.49
2.0
-1.0
0.12
0.17
0.21
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.15
3.2
-2.6
Construction
0.25
0.36
0.20
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.09
-1.3
-6.1
0.79
0.90
0.83
0.23
0.25
0.25
0.22
0.3
-9.9
Non Specified/Other
0.26
0.32
0.05
0.59
0.66
0.69
0.74
-9.0
22.6

0.92
1.19
1.18
0.76
0.81
0.88
0.82
1.5
-2.7
Hungary
(TWh)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.73
10.18
12.73
13.30
3.21
9.52
10.40
12.61
14.08
Total OECD
0.47
0.80
1.64
1.08
1.33
7.98
8.54
9.66
9.52
Austria
Total Imports
Imports from:
0.17
0.25
0.12
0.30
0.48
0.43
0.23
0.49
0.47
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
0.30
0.55
1.52
0.78
0.85
7.55
8.31
9.16
9.05
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
5.26
9.38
11.09
12.22
1.88
1.55
1.86
2.95
4.56
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
1.43
0.96
0.28
Former USSR
3.80
8.33
11.06
12.16
1.59
1.55
1.86
2.95
4.56
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Slovenia
3.80
8.33
11.06
12.16
1.59
1.55
1.86
2.95
4.56
0.04
0.10
0.03
0.06
0.04
0.10
0.03
0.06
Others
Hungary
(TWh)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.07
2.80
1.92
2.15
0.81
6.08
7.23
8.35
7.14
Total OECD
1.04
2.64
1.73
1.79
0.52
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Austria
Total Exports
Exports to:
0.49
0.36
0.16
0.28
0.17
0.84
1.17
0.87
0.64
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
0.55
2.28
1.57
1.51
0.35
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.03
0.16
0.20
0.37
0.29
5.24
6.07
7.48
6.50
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
0.02
0.06
0.09
0.09
0.19
0.12
Former USSR
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.12
0.17
0.29
0.18
5.24
5.97
7.27
6.36
0.12
4.47
4.69
5.32
5.84
0.02
0.12
0.17
0.29
0.07
0.77
1.28
1.95
0.52
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia
Slovenia
Others
Hungary
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.70
5.22
6.01
6.97
7.22
8.08
8.20
8.32
8.13

Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.88
1.76
1.84
1.85
1.87
1.87
1.87
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
3.68
5.17
5.08
5.17
5.33
6.19
6.28
6.40
6.20
1.84
of which:
Single-fired:
2.12
2.06
1.97
2.03
1.99
1.83
1.83
1.83
Liquid Fuels
0.12
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.35
0.58
0.58
0.41
0.41
Natural Gas
0.20
0.16
0.04
1.44
2.91
2.91
2.93
2.99
3.78
3.87
3.96
3.75
3.48
4.80
4.68
4.77
4.83
4.97
4.97
4.95
4.52
0.20
0.16
Gas Turbine
0.12
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.35
0.58
0.58
0.41
0.69
Combined Cycle
0.08
0.17
0.21
0.20
0.15
0.64
0.73
0.84
0.84
Peak Load
4.02
5.11
5.87
6.53
5.73
5.74
5.97
5.98
6.14
Available Capacity
4.34
6.25
7.47
8.94
7.82
8.75
8.87
8.56
8.76
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
Internal Combustion
Other
Hungary
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.21
0.17
0.21
0.21
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.19
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.21
0.17
0.21
0.21
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.19
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
Natural Gas
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
0.21
0.17
0.21
0.21
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.19

Type of Generation
Steam
0.18
0.14
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
0.03
0.03
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.14
0.13
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
Hungary
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
c
38482
44357
c
41190
48706
c
..
48631
c
..
50925
c
39672
49286
c
42464
54118
c
..
54034
c
..
56584

Hungarian Forints/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
..
372
2740
2147
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
..
1554
2825
2386
656
5740
3693
1700
5635
6217
c
41246
28191
Hungarian Forints/ toe

2771
5918
4103
8181
5809
6908
c
42522
31323

Hungarian Forints/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
..
..
..
..
2.04
-
4.70
-
13.75
-
14.61
-
15.35
-
17.42
-
18.74
0.19
Household
Price
of which: tax
..
..
1.03
-
1.14
-
2.45
-
18.38
1.97
19.58
2.10
20.52
2.20
22.88
2.45
27.13
5.43

Iceland
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
1.24
1.53
2.17
3.24
3.40
3.39
3.52
3.4
3.5
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
3.43
4.95
6.49
8.43
8.57
8.94
9.50
3.8
2.8
0.36
0.31
0.33
0.38
0.40
0.38
0.37
-0.4
0.7
TPES/population(2)
0.21
0.23
0.26
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.29
1.1
0.9
5.85
6.73
8.52
11.54
11.79
11.72
12.08
2.2
2.5
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
86
93
107
110
105
102
-0.4
0.7
100
96
100
136
146
140
..
-0.0
..
9773
12557
15339
24699
26256
26137
..
2.7
..
2.32
3.18
4.51
7.68
8.42
8.50
8.62
4.0
4.7
(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
1.24
1.53
2.17
3.24
3.40
3.39
3.52
3.4
3.5
Coal
0.00
0.02
0.06
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.10
31.3
3.5
Oil
1.9
TPES (Mtoe)
90-04
0.70
0.61
0.71
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.92
0.1
Gas
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.35
0.64
1.04
1.76
1.86
1.85
1.87
6.6
4.3
Hydro
0.19
0.27
0.36
0.55
0.60
0.61
0.61
3.9
3.8
Heat
Iceland
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
1.6
2.2
3.1
4.2
6.4
6.6
7.0
7.1
Nuclear
Hydro
2003
of which:
Geothermal
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
1.3
1.5
1.4
1.4
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Gross Production
1.6
2.3
3.2
4.5
7.7
8.0
8.4
8.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Net Production(1)
1.6
2.3
3.2
4.5
7.6
7.9
8.3
8.4
0.2
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Used for Heat Pumps

0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
Imports
Exports
1.6
2.3
3.2
4.3
7.4
7.7
8.1
8.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
1.4
2.1
2.9
3.9
6.9
7.2
7.6
7.6
1.6
2.3
3.2
4.5
7.7
8.0
8.4
8.5
1.6
2.3
3.2
4.5
7.7
8.0
8.4
8.5
2.9
3.9
7.1
7.4
7.7
7.7
1.4
2.1

Iceland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
2.37
3.18
4.51
7.68
8.42
8.50
8.62
4.1
4.7
0.07
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-14.5
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.01
0.05
0.30
1.32
1.43
1.41
1.48
25.4
12.1
Hydro
2.29
3.09
4.20
6.36
6.98
7.09
7.13
3.9
3.8
Total
2.36
3.17
4.51
7.68
8.41
8.50
..
4.1
..
Coal
..
..
0.07
0.05
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
..
-15.4
..
..
Total(1)
Coal
Oil

of which:
Oil
Gas
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
0.01
0.05
0.30
1.32
1.43
1.41
..
25.4
..
..
..
Hydro
2.28
3.08
4.20
6.35
6.97
7.08
..
3.9
..
..
..
Total
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
..
..
Coal
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
..
..
..

Autoproducers
Oil
Gas
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
0.01
..
..
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
..
..
..
Hydro

Iceland
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
1576
5282
8031
8007
10559
9707
9735
11.5
Coal
Oil
36
20
20
20
20
-6.3
Gas
36
45
56
56
56
5.0
Nuclear
2.2
Geothermal
80-95 95-04
2.2
1576
4819
7421
7369
9874
9015
9015
10.9
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
463
538
573
609
616
644
2.0
Total
1576
5282
8031
8007
10559
9707
..
11.5
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
36
20
20
20
..
..
Gas
..
..
36
45
56
56
..
..
..
..
of which:
Nuclear
Geothermal
..
..
1576
4819
7421
7369
9874
9015
..
10.9
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
463
538
573
609
616
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Iceland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.62
2.32
2.37
3.18
4.51
7.68
8.03
8.42
8.50
1.56
2.21
2.29
3.09
4.20
6.36
6.58
6.98
7.09
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.01
0.03
0.01
0.05
0.30
1.32
1.45
1.43
1.41
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
0.05
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
of which:
Coal
..
..
..
0.05
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
Gas
Oil
(1)
1.60
2.29
2.34
3.15
4.45
7.55
7.89
8.27
8.36
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
2.26
3.06
4.16
6.29
6.51
6.91
7.02
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.01
0.05
0.28
1.26
1.38
1.36
1.33
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
0.07
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01

Iceland
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total
10
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
5
5
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
5
5
-
5
5
-
5
5
-
5
5
-
5
5
-
5
5
-
5
5
-
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Iceland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-15.9
7.7
Coal
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-15.9
Gas
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Total
..
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
7.7
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
Gas
..
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
Combustible Fuels
Oil

(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.04
0.14
0.42
1.11
1.25
1.25
1.20
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Thermal
Total
14.7
8.3
0.04
0.14
0.42
1.11
1.25
1.25
1.20
14.7
8.3
0.19
0.27
0.36
0.55
0.57
0.60
0.61
3.9
4.1
0.19
0.27
0.36
0.55
0.57
0.60
0.61
3.9
4.1
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Iceland
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)

10
-9.5
399
66
46
46
70
70
-7.3
47
-8.6
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
399
66
46
46
70
70
-7.3

47
-8.6

Fuel Input (TJ)

Iceland
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
22
22
22
22
20
20
20
20
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
56
56
70
70
45
45
56
56
78
78
92
92

65
65
76
76
Peat
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Iceland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
1.14
1.32
1.72
2.26
2.28
2.36
2.36
2.4
2.5
0.00
0.02
0.06
0.10
0.09
0.10
0.09
31.3
2.7
0.66
0.58
0.68
0.84
0.82
0.84
0.84
0.1
1.7
0.30
0.44
0.55
0.55
0.57
0.55
0.58
3.5
0.4
0.18
0.25
0.34
0.60
0.62
0.65
0.65
3.8
5.2
0.03
0.10
0.17
0.17
0.23
0.21
6.0
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.27
0.35
0.42
0.73
0.76
0.79
0.78
2.7
4.8
0.02
0.06
0.10
0.09
0.10
0.09
2.7
0.11
0.14
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.13
-1.0
2.5
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.05
2.5
1.5
0.13
0.17
0.22
0.45
0.47
0.50
0.50
3.2
6.6
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.24
0.19
0.29
0.36
0.34
0.33
0.33
1.1
1.0
0.24
0.19
0.29
0.35
0.34
0.32
0.33
1.1
0.9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.13
0.18
0.27
0.31
0.28
0.30
0.31
4.6
1.0
0.11
0.16
0.21
0.23
0.21
0.23
0.24
4.1
1.0
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
4.4
1.8
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
-1.2
Iceland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.02
0.01
0.01
-
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.07
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.12
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.12
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.12
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.13
0.05
0.07
0.01
7.2
3.1
9.6
-
4.7
6.3
3.7
5.0
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.45
0.00
0.18
0.24
0.03
-
0.54
0.07
0.38
0.06
0.03
0.58
0.02
0.44
0.05
0.07
0.60
0.01
0.39
0.05
0.15
0.62
0.01
0.42
0.05
0.14
0.66
0.01
0.40
0.05
0.20
0.66
0.01
0.42
0.05
0.18
1.5
-13.3
3.6
2.9
-
1.0
-5.5
-0.4
0.5
7.1
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
3.7
-2.2
-0.5
-0.7
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
-0.4
Heat

Iceland
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
1.14
1.32
1.49
1.72
1.79
2.26
2.28
2.36
2.36
0.27
0.35
0.41
0.42
0.44
0.73
0.76
0.79
0.78
Iron and Steel
0.04
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.17
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.13
0.14
0.32
0.34
0.37
0.37
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Transport Equipment
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Machinery
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Food and Tobacco
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
TFC
Total Industry
Non-ferrous Metals
2003
Construction
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.06
Textile and Leather
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Non Specified/Other
0.18
0.20
0.09
0.06
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.85
0.95
1.06
1.24
1.28
1.41
1.39
1.43
1.45
Agriculture
0.13
0.18
0.20
0.27
0.32
0.31
0.28
0.30
0.31
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.08
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.13
Residential
0.45
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.57
0.60
0.62
0.66
0.66
Transport
0.24
0.19
0.23
0.29
0.28
0.36
0.34
0.33
0.33

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.07
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.13
0.18
0.25
0.29
0.34
0.37
0.60
0.62
0.65
0.65
Total Industry
0.13
0.17
0.21
0.22
0.24
0.45
0.47
0.50
0.50
Iron and Steel
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.31
0.33
0.36
0.36
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Transport Equipment
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Machinery
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Food and Tobacco
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
Non-ferrous Metals
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Construction
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Textile and Leather
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Non Specified/Other
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.08
0.08
0.12
0.12
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.14
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
Residential
0.03
0.06
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Agriculture
Transport
Iceland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
2.07
2.86
3.91
7.06
7.37
7.68
7.67
3.8
5.3
Industry
6.6
1.50
1.98
2.56
5.24
5.52
5.82
5.87
3.2
Transport
0.03
0.02
0.04
0.04
Agriculture
0.21
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
-1.2
0.10
0.18
0.49
0.76
0.78
0.80
0.78
9.6
3.7
Residential
Energy(1)
0.36
0.65
0.58
0.61
0.61
0.64
0.61
2.9
0.5
0.00
0.12
0.13
0.12
0.12
29.5
0.11
0.06
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
-2.2
-0.7
0.18
0.25
0.34
0.61
0.63
0.66
0.66
3.8
5.3

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
1.50
1.98
2.56
5.24
5.52
5.82
5.87
3.2
90-03
6.6
0.27
0.57
0.98
1.00
1.04
1.05
4.9
-17.0
0.13
0.22
0.11
0.09
0.03
0.02
1.10
1.23
1.45
3.61
3.89
4.17
4.18
1.6
8.5
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.03
-0.7
Transport Equipment
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Machinery
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
16.8
Food and Tobacco
0.18
0.39
0.39
0.43
0.48
8.0
-2.2
Non-Ferrous Metals
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Construction
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.02
-1.2
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
-3.4
Non Specified/Other
0.41
0.35
0.05
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
-11.8
-5.2

0.13
0.17
0.22
0.45
0.47
0.50
0.50
3.2
6.6
Iceland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.48
0.67
0.92
0.91
1.05
1.35
1.43
1.48
1.48

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
0.38
0.54
0.75
0.75
0.88
1.06
1.11
1.15
1.15
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.17
0.20
0.20
0.20
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.10
0.12
0.13
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
Geothermal
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
0.10
0.12
0.13
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
Natural Gas
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
0.02
0.02
0.02
Internal Combustion
0.04
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
Gas Turbine
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
0.40
0.52
0.55
0.67
0.73
1.07
1.09
1.13
1.15
Available Capacity
0.48
0.67
0.92
0.91
0.97
1.27
1.34
1.35
1.35
Iceland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Geothermal
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Natural Gas
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Internal Combustion
Ireland
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
7.19
8.49
10.42
14.32
15.32
15.09
15.31
2.2
2.8
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
24.15
33.24
47.45
94.96
106.84
110.74
116.20
4.1
6.6
0.30
0.26
0.22
0.15
0.14
0.14
0.13
-1.8
-3.6
TPES/population(2)
3.07
3.40
3.51
3.80
3.93
3.99
4.02
0.8
1.0
2.34
2.49
2.97
3.77
3.90
3.78
3.81
1.4
1.8
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
86
74
51
48
46
44
-1.8
-3.6
100
102
98
84
80
80
..
-0.1
..
2002
2529
3386
5318
5560
5647
..
3.1
..
7.35
10.57
14.23
23.67
24.84
24.88
24.70
4.0
4.0
TPES (Mtoe)
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
7.19
8.49
10.42
14.32
15.32
15.09
15.31
2.2
2.8
Coal
1.59
1.91
3.51
2.57
2.61
2.59
2.62
4.8
-2.1
Oil
TPES (Mtoe)
90-04
5.54
5.77
4.87
8.05
8.70
8.49
8.62
-0.8
4.2
Gas
0.74
1.87
3.43
3.68
3.65
3.65
4.9
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.11
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.17
3.3
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.06
65.2
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.05
0.06
0.5
-0.6
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.10
0.14
Hydro
Heat
Ireland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
-
0.5
0.6
1.2
1.0
1.2
0.9
1.3
1.0
of which:
-
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
23.8
Combustible Fuels
Coal
5.8
6.7
9.7
13.5
22.6
23.7
23.5
1.9
1.8
1.7
8.2
8.6
9.3
8.9
8.2
4.0
4.9
6.4
1.4
4.6
5.2
3.7
2.5
1.6
3.9
9.3
9.1
10.8
13.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Gross Production
6.3
7.3
10.9
14.5
24.0
25.0
25.2
25.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.9
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.2
Net Production(1)
Oil
Gas
6.0
7.0
10.3
13.7
22.7
23.7
23.9
24.1
Used for Heat Pumps
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
Imports
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.6
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
7.0
9.8
13.2
22.3
22.9
23.9
24.7
0.8
1.1
1.3
2.0
1.9
2.0
2.0
Exports
5.9
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
5.2
6.2
8.6
11.9
20.2
20.9
21.8
22.5
6.3
7.3
10.6
14.2
23.7
24.6
24.8
24.9
6.3
7.4
10.9
14.5
24.1
24.7
25.7
26.4
8.7
12.0
20.3
21.0
21.9
22.6
5.3
6.2

Ireland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
7.63
10.57
14.23
23.67
24.84
24.88
24.70
4.0
4.0
Coal
1.84
1.73
8.16
8.59
8.89
8.23
7.67
9.8
-0.4
Oil
5.01
6.39
1.43
4.64
3.74
2.45
3.17
-7.5
5.9
1.61
3.94
9.26
10.83
13.06
12.50
8.6
Gas
0.10
0.08
0.09
0.07
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.24
0.39
0.45
0.66
0.79
0.84
0.70
0.85
0.91
0.60
0.65
-0.7
-0.6
0.22
0.32
0.29
0.30
0.35
0.36
0.35
1.5
1.5
Total
7.45
10.42
14.02
23.09
24.31
24.33
..
4.0
..
Coal
1.80
1.70
8.08
8.54
8.85
8.17
..
9.8
..
Oil
4.87
6.27
1.41
4.59
3.69
2.41
..
-7.5
..
1.61
3.83
8.79
10.40
12.62
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Gas
0.10
0.08
0.07
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.24
0.39
0.45
..
..
Hydro
0.79
0.84
0.70
0.85
0.91
0.60
..
-0.7
..
0.22
0.32
0.29
0.30
0.35
0.36
..
1.5
..
Total
0.18
0.15
0.21
0.58
0.53
0.55
..
1.0
..
Coal
0.04
0.04
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.06
..
4.9
..
Oil
0.14
0.11
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.04
..
-10.8
..
0.11
0.48
0.43
0.44
..
..

Autoproducers
Gas
0.00
0.02
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Hydro
..
..
..
..

Ireland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
6.30
7.35
7.86
10.88
14.52
23.98
24.96
25.20
25.24
0.47
0.64
1.01
1.16
0.98
1.15
0.92
1.26
0.96
0.36
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.22
0.32
0.29
0.30
0.32
0.35
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.24
0.33
0.39
0.45

Combustible Fuels
5.84
6.70
6.85
9.73
13.53
22.58
23.70
23.54
23.83
of which:
Coal
1.88
1.83
1.84
1.73
8.16
8.59
9.26
8.89
8.23
Oil
3.96
4.87
5.01
6.39
1.43
4.64
5.20
3.74
2.45
Gas
1.61
3.94
9.26
9.14
10.83
13.06
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.09
(1)
5.97
6.96
7.47
10.30
13.65
22.68
23.68
23.93
24.09
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
1.00
1.15
0.97
1.14
0.91
1.25
0.95
0.35
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.22
0.31
0.28
0.30
0.32
0.35
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.24
0.33
0.39
0.45
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
6.47
9.15
12.68
21.30
22.44
22.29
22.69

Ireland
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
165
139
202
547
547
503
524
4.1
10
10
5
5
14
14
44
44
-
44
44
-
60
28
32
-
74
35
39
-
7.1
-
153
20
34
62
30
7
-
132
33
79
13
7
-
185
23
56
106
-
399
67
332
-
399
67
332
-
370
71
299
-
360
43
278
39
3.0
2.7
5.3
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
8
8
5
5
Other
Residential
Agriculture
2
2
2
2
3
3
96
87
9
104
95
9
68
54
14
90
90
-
14.0
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Ireland
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
1.71
2.41
3.11
4.76
5.18
5.05
4.79
3.6
3.4
Coal
0.65
0.59
1.93
1.90
2.10
2.03
1.84
6.6
-0.4
Oil
1.06
1.43
0.34 e
1.01 e
1.20 e
0.94 e
0.58 e
-6.5
4.2
Gas
0.39
0.84
1.82
1.85
2.06
2.35
8.2
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Total
..
2.37
3.06
4.65
5.06
4.91
4.68
..
3.3
Coal
..
0.58
1.91
1.89
2.08
2.01
1.83
..
-0.3
Oil
..
1.40
0.33
1.00 e
1.19 e
0.92 e
0.57 e
..
4.3
Gas
..
0.39
0.82
1.74
1.76
1.97
2.26
..
8.2
..
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.09
0.08
0.11
0.09
0.5
3.2
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.05
0.08
0.05
0.5
-1.2
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.04
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Ireland
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

47
1959
2341
2455
2366
2189
18.2
1047
51982
59740
63389
60915
55406
18.8
73
5896
6793
7041
6801
6182
21.3
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2613
3351
2571
2885
2893
2698
0.1
21884
28062
19221
23885
22769
21524
-0.1
1625
2185
1742
2165
2047
1992
0.9

Fuel Input (TJ)

1465
350
1090
1242
912
651
-3.5
58737
13972
43563
49037
37074
26112
-3.5
6286
1422
4587
5152
3687
2412
-4.1
18079
38000
80911
81931
91454
105307
8.0
1610
3834
8787
8668
10398
12617
9.4
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
988
1005
803
687
95
97
81
70
99747
132016
204423
219247
213015
209036
3.3

9594
13337
22004
23123
23014
23273
3.9
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Ireland
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
6
167
22
-
6
167
24
-
6
167
24
-
5
139
17
-
6
150
21
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
54
450
35
-
100
836
60
-
69
535
28
-
69
535
28
-
85
659
28
-
50
389
36
-
-0.3
-0.6
0.1
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
24
794
99
-
2
60
6
-
11
503
52
-
11
503
52
-
19
761
51
-
7
333
41
-
-5.2
-3.7
-3.8
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
1130
107
-
3969
475
-
4200
475
-
4589
432
-
4076
438
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
8
1
-
88
16
-
5405
579
-
6156
529
-
5036
552
-
6.3
6.3
-

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1244
2193
5174
134
195
579
Ireland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
5.42
6.62
7.68
11.23
11.76
11.82
11.67
2.1
3.3
0.93
1.29
1.40
0.56
0.53
0.51
0.50
2.4
-7.6
3.86
4.16
4.15
7.21
7.59
7.72
7.80
0.4
5.0
0.10
0.43
1.00
1.58
1.69
1.55
1.28
14.3
1.9
0.11
0.14
0.16
0.16
0.15
2.7
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12.1
0.53
0.74
1.02
1.74
1.80
1.88
1.94
3.9
5.1
0.00
0.00
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.71
2.19
2.17
2.67
2.71
2.59
2.13
1.4
-0.1
0.04
0.10
0.26
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
10.9
-13.1
1.45
1.44
0.68
1.00
0.98
0.95
0.94
-4.3
2.5
0.02
0.36
0.79
0.85
0.89
0.78
0.44
22.6
-4.4
0.06
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
4.1
0.19
0.28
0.39
0.66
0.67
0.70
0.61
4.3
3.6
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.41
1.78
2.03
4.10
4.38
4.49
4.53
2.2
6.4
1.41
1.78
2.03
4.10
4.38
4.49
4.53
2.2
6.4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.8
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.02
0.03
0.22
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
14.0
1.9
0.03
0.22
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
14.0
1.9
0.02 e
Ireland
(Mtoe)
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1973
0.25
0.13 e
0.12
-
0.58
0.07
0.36
0.15
-
1.00
0.03
0.64
0.09
0.00
0.24
-
1.52
0.00
0.75
0.29
0.00
0.47
-
1.55
0.00
0.74
0.31
0.00
0.50
-
1.56
0.00
0.73
0.29
0.00
0.54
0.00
1.73
0.03
0.72
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.67
0.00
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.82
0.88
0.63
0.08
0.22
-
1.85
1.11
0.36
0.07
0.31
-
2.06
1.12
0.39
0.12
0.04
0.00
0.39
-
2.51
0.51
0.92
0.44
0.04
0.00
0.60
-
2.65
0.48
1.02
0.48
0.04
0.00
0.63
-
2.66
0.47
1.04
0.47
0.04
0.00
0.64
0.00
2.75
0.43
1.08 e
0.54
0.04
0.00
0.65
0.00
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
8.5
9.7
4.3
-
4.3
0.5
0.9
9.4
8.3
-
0.7
1.4
-2.8
2.4
3.4
-
2.2
-7.0
8.2
12.4
-0.2
12.1
4.0
-

Ireland
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.42
6.62
6.61
7.68
8.37
11.23
11.76
11.82
11.67
Total Industry
1.71
2.19
2.11
2.17
2.34
2.67
2.71
2.59
2.13
Iron and Steel
0.02
0.02
0.06
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.16
0.15
0.64
0.69
0.76
0.85
0.69
0.32
0.16
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.25
0.22
0.20
0.03
0.11
0.15
0.32
0.25
0.33
0.38
0.36
0.33
Transport Equipment
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Machinery
0.01
0.05
0.05
0.09
0.12
0.15
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
Food and Tobacco
0.04
0.40
0.29
0.43
0.46
0.52
0.51
0.50
0.57
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.07
0.14
0.12
0.14
0.13
0.08
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals
Construction
0.00
0.00
0.19
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.03
0.08
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.06
Non Specified/Other
1.53
1.34
0.92
0.17
0.18
0.23
0.21
0.32
0.28
3.50
4.23
4.30
5.31
5.89
8.39
8.85
8.98
9.28
Agriculture
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.22
0.30
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.25
0.58
0.59
1.00
1.18
1.52
1.55
1.56
1.73
Residential
1.82
1.85
1.96
2.06
2.02
2.51
2.65
2.66
2.75
Transport
1.41
1.78
1.73
2.03
2.40
4.10
4.38
4.49
4.53

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.02
0.21
0.20
0.19
0.20
0.13
0.17
0.20
0.25
0.26
0.53
0.74
0.84
1.02
1.28
1.74
1.80
1.88
1.94
Total Industry
0.19
0.28
0.31
0.39
0.50
0.66
0.67
0.70
0.61
Iron and Steel
0.01
0.00
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.09
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.05
Transport Equipment
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Machinery
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
Food and Tobacco
0.04
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.12
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.15
Non-ferrous Metals
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Construction
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.03
Non Specified/Other
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.11
0.11
0.14
0.12
0.34
0.46
0.53
0.63
0.78
1.07
1.13
1.18
1.33
0.12
0.15
0.19
0.24
0.31
0.47
0.50
0.54
0.67
Residential
0.22
0.31
0.34
0.39
0.47
0.60
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Agriculture
Transport

Ireland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
6.23
8.69
11.97
20.31
21.04
21.92
22.63
3.9
5.0
Industry
2.20
3.21
4.49
7.73
7.76
8.11
7.10
4.3
3.6
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
2.8
Transport
Agriculture
1.36
1.79
2.80
5.50
5.81
6.24
7.84
4.3
8.3
Residential
Energy(1)
2.59
3.60
4.57
6.95
7.33
7.45
7.57
3.4
4.0
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.10
1.5
-0.2
0.54
0.75
1.03
1.75
1.81
1.88
1.95
3.9
5.0


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
2.20
3.21
4.49
7.73
7.76
8.11
7.10
4.3
3.6
Iron and Steel
0.09
0.02
0.24
0.33
0.15
0.02
0.01
5.6
-20.5
0.36
0.55
0.58
1.02
1.05
1.14
1.00
2.8
4.3
0.43
0.36
0.37
0.32
0.28
-3.1
Non-Ferrous Metals
90-03
0.31
0.41
0.37
0.64
0.66
0.65
0.57
1.0
3.3
Transport Equipment
0.03
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.07
2.2
3.3
Machinery
0.15
0.27
0.49
0.94
0.97
1.05
0.92
7.2
4.9
0.13
0.27
0.10
0.31
0.31
0.32
0.28
-1.6
8.2
Food and Tobacco
0.50
0.86
1.26
1.90
1.95
2.02
1.77
5.6
2.7
0.17
0.16
0.11
0.17
0.18
0.17
0.15
-2.6
2.2
0.06
0.05
0.12
0.26
0.27
0.24
0.21
3.9
4.7
Construction
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.07
-1.0
9.7
0.18
0.28
0.23
0.42
0.43
0.41
0.36
1.4
3.5
Non Specified/Other
0.18
0.26
0.50
1.25
1.28
1.62
1.42
6.3
8.3

0.19
0.28
0.39
0.66
0.67
0.70
0.61
4.3
3.6
Ireland
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.07
0.02
0.17
0.04
0.57
1.18
0.07
0.02
0.17
0.04
0.57
1.18
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
0.02
0.17
0.04
0.57
1.18
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.07 e
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Ireland
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.29
0.06
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.29
0.06
0.01
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
0.04
0.07
0.29
0.06
0.01
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.03 e
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Ireland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.03
3.02
3.13
3.74
3.97
4.58
4.60
5.30
5.46

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.29
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.12
0.14
0.14
0.16

Combustible Fuels
1.52
2.51
2.61
3.23
3.44
3.94
3.94
4.63
4.76
0.31
of which:
Single-fired:
0.41
0.45
0.50
1.29
1.23
1.24
1.24
0.35
Liquid Fuels
1.03
1.65
0.65
0.58
0.69
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.92
Natural Gas
0.41
0.45
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
1.07
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.86
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.09
0.86
Solid / Natural Gas
1.02
1.10
1.26
1.60
1.60
2.33
1.59
2.73
Type of Generation
Steam
1.96
2.61
2.70
2.81
2.81
2.77
Internal Combustion
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Gas Turbine
0.65
0.36
0.49
0.38
0.38
0.38
0.48
Combined Cycle
0.26
0.26
0.74
0.74
1.46
1.47
Other
0.07
Peak Load
..
..
2.11
2.60
3.08
3.84
4.09
4.37
4.42
Available Capacity
..
..
2.63
3.40
3.77
4.29
4.50
4.77
4.72
Ireland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.09
0.13
0.13
0.13
..
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.09
0.13
0.13
0.13
..
..
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Liquid Fuels
0.06
0.06
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
..
Natural Gas
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.09
0.09
0.11
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
..
Type of Generation
Steam
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.09
0.03
0.03
0.04
..
Gas Turbine
0.04
0.04
0.05
..
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
Ireland
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
32.89
152.42
107.47
39.53
170.50
141.90
39.78
158.43
159.81
31.45
166.01
148.91
54.13
164.05
..
54.82
160.78
119.41
65.88
179.85
157.67
66.30
167.12
177.57
52.42
175.12
165.46
90.22
173.05
..

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
..
..
..
..
90.23
203.73
120.63
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
..
..
..
..
150.38
214.91
134.03
42.89
85.67
89.83
Euro/ toe
71.48
90.37
99.81

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0249
-
0.0315
-
0.0688
-
0.0519
-
0.0531
-
0.0674
-
0.0797
-
0.0832
-
0.0770
-
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0373
-
0.0474
-
0.1064
-
0.1008
0.0085
0.1100
0.0122
0.1054
0.0117
0.1134
0.0126
0.1293
0.0154
0.1390
0.0165

Italy
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
128.93
132.15
148.03
172.79
173.56
181.03
185.96
0.8
1.6
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
576.33
733.51
917.51
1074.76
1097.66
1100.48
1114.20
2.8
1.4
0.22
0.18
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.17
-1.9
0.2
TPES/population(2)
54.75
56.43
56.72
57.76
57.99
58.10
58.15
0.2
0.2
2.35
2.34
2.61
2.99
2.99
3.12
3.20
0.6
1.5
100
81
72
72
71
74
75
-1.9
0.2
100
102
110
119
121
124
..
0.5
..
2248
2832
3785
4728
4877
5018
..
3.1
..
143.92
183.47
213.15
269.95
277.53
283.37
292.93
2.3
2.3
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
128.93
132.15
148.03
172.79
173.56
181.03
185.96
0.8
1.6
8.10
11.68
14.63
12.56
13.73
14.88
17.17
3.5
1.1
100.11
89.55
84.79
88.06
87.45
87.41
86.91
-1.0
0.2
14.22
22.72
38.99
57.92
57.69
63.34
66.00
6.1
3.8
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.24
0.92
0.94
2.25
2.52
3.10
3.27
8.3
9.3
Nuclear
0.82
0.58
Geothermal
2.13
2.30
2.97
4.26
4.22
4.81
4.88
2.0
3.6
0.01
0.13 e
0.20 e
0.21 e
0.25
31.7
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Hydro
3.23
3.89
2.72
3.80
3.40
2.91
3.55
-1.0
1.9
0.08
0.52
2.98
3.81
4.35
4.38
3.92
24.1
2.0
Heat

Italy
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
3.4
3.1
2.2
40.0
39.1
47.5
35.1
50.9
53.9
47.3
44.3
0.9
1.6
2.3
3.5
6.7
7.1
7.7
10.5
2.7
2.5
2.7
3.2
4.7
4.5
4.7
5.3
Solar
0.0
0.0 e
0.0 e
0.0 e
0.0 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.6
1.2
1.4
1.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
78.8
100.8
133.4
178.3
219.7
218.6
231.2
241.9
5.9
5.2
18.3
35.8
30.5
36.8
40.5
44.1
68.6
89.7
104.6
102.7
85.9
75.0
87.8
76.0
2.8
4.5
9.2
39.7
101.4
104.2
99.4
117.3
Nuclear
Hydro
2003
of which:
Geothermal
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
1.5
1.4
1.3
0.1
1.9
2.6
3.5
4.5
124.9
145.5
185.7
216.6
276.6
279.0
285.3
293.9
5.1
6.4
8.3
11.5
13.3
13.0
14.5
13.7
119.8
139.1
177.4
205.1
263.3
266.0
270.8
280.2
Used for Heat Pumps

1.4
2.3
3.2
4.8
9.1
9.5
10.7
10.5
Imports
3.2
3.2
8.1
35.6
44.8
48.9
51.5
51.5
Exports
1.6
2.4
2.0
0.9
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.5
120.0
137.7
180.3
234.9
298.5
304.8
310.7
320.7
10.1
11.8
16.6
16.2
19.2
19.4
19.8
20.9
2.6
2.8
3.9
4.2
6.3
7.8
8.2
8.4
107.3
123.1
159.8
214.6
273.0
277.7
282.8
291.4
123.9
143.9
183.5
213.1
269.9
271.9
277.5
283.4
126.5
146.4
191.8
251.3
321.0
327.4
335.9
344.8
109.9
125.8
163.6
218.8
279.3
285.5
291.0
299.8

Italy
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
147.35
183.47
213.15
269.95
277.53
283.37
292.93
2.3
6.62
18.25
35.76
30.52
40.47
44.12
52.51
11.1
2.8
91.26
104.59
102.72
85.88
87.76
75.99
58.78
0.7
-3.9
Gas
4.02
9.23
39.71
101.36
99.41
117.30
126.95
15.4
8.7
1.75
1.29
0.10
1.91
3.51
4.49
5.24
-16.2
32.4
Total(1)
Coal
Oil
2.3
Nuclear
3.41
2.21
Geothermal
2.50
2.67
3.22
4.71
4.66
5.34
5.43
1.6
3.8
55.0
0.01
2.77
37.80
45.24
31.63
44.21
39.52
33.79
41.26
-1.1
1.9
1.55
2.27
3.45
6.70
7.74
10.49
7.47
5.1
5.7
Total
116.22
151.40
186.90
269.95
277.53
263.85
..
3.0
..
Coal
3.85
14.49
32.02
30.52
40.47
43.52
..
14.2
..
74.56
87.93
93.54
85.88
87.76
68.31
..
1.4
..
1.49
6.74
32.14
101.36
99.41
107.64
..
21.2
..
Hydro
1.37 e
2.19 e
2.35 e
of which:
Oil
Gas
0.06
0.09
0.08
..
1.4
..
Nuclear
3.41
2.21
..
..
Geothermal
2.50
2.67
3.22
4.71
4.66
5.34
..
1.6
..
0.01
1.37 e
2.19 e
2.06 e
..
..
30.35
37.27
25.90
44.21
39.52
32.69
..
-1.0
..
1.55
2.27
3.43
6.70
7.74
10.49
..
5.1
..
Total
31.13
32.07
26.25
19.52
..
-1.1
..
Coal
2.77
3.76
3.74
..
..
0.60
..
1.9
..
16.70
16.66
9.18
..
..
7.68
..
-3.7
..
Gas
2.53
2.48
7.57
..
..
9.66
..
7.1
..
0.21 e
Hydro
1.91 e
3.51 e
4.29 e
Autoproducers
Oil
1.69
1.20
0.03
..
..
Nuclear
Geothermal
..
7.44
7.97
5.72
..
..
Hydro
..
-22.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.29
..
..
1.09
..
-1.6
..
..
..
..

0.03
..
..
Italy
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
124.86
145.52
148.91
185.74
216.60
276.64
279.01
285.28
293.87
3.37
3.14
3.41
2.21
40.02
39.13
39.35
47.51
35.08
50.90
53.93
47.26
44.28
10.49
of which:
Pumped Storage
Geothermal
Solar
..
1.60
1.55
2.27
3.45
6.70
7.12
7.74
2.66
2.48
2.50
2.67
3.22
4.71
4.51
4.66
5.34
0.00
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.56
1.18
1.40
1.46

Combustible Fuels
0.79
0.82
0.77
0.87
78.81
100.77
103.65
133.35
178.29
219.67
218.56
231.16
241.90
of which:
Coal
5.87
5.18
6.62
18.25
35.76
30.52
36.78
40.47
44.12
68.65
89.74
91.26
104.59
102.72
85.88
75.01
87.76
75.99
Gas
2.75
4.48
4.02
9.23
39.71
101.36
104.19
99.41
117.30
1.55
1.37
1.75
1.29
0.10
1.91
2.59
3.51
4.49
Oil
(1)
119.77
139.11
142.27
177.39
205.06
263.31
265.98
270.80
280.18
Nuclear
..
..
3.23
2.07
Hydro
..
..
39.12
47.24
34.57
50.23
53.25
46.62
43.65
10.49
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
1.54
2.25
3.40
6.60
7.03
7.74
Geothermal
..
..
2.35
2.57
3.06
4.42
4.26
4.39
5.04
Solar
..
..
0.00 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.00
0.56
1.18
1.40
1.46
..
..
0.74
0.78
0.73
0.82
Combustible Fuels
..
..
97.57
125.51
167.43
207.34
206.49
217.64
229.20

Italy
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
22160
22673
25105
..
..
..
18564
-0.6
1629
1629
..
..
..
..
..
..
22160
2992
12165
2569
408
312
34
598
1881
1098
103
22673
3744
11068
3508
504
357
30
665
1985
681
131
23476
5658
12072
75
591
1241
47
490
1897
1171
234
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
18564
18564
-0.6
19.6
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Italy
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total
21.82
29.01
37.63
45.15
43.23
46.10
48.97
Coal
1.33
4.19
7.90
7.02
8.17
9.23
10.00 e
11.0
1.8
19.22
22.69
21.63
19.02 e
16.58 e
17.59 e
16.43 e
0.7
-2.1
Gas
1.02
1.98
8.07
18.68
17.91
18.49
21.08
0.24 e
0.15 e
0.04
Combustible Fuels
Oil
0.44 e
0.57 e
0.79 e
1.46 e
3.3
2.0
12.9
7.7
-10.2
32.0
..
2.6

Total
..
23.47
33.72
45.15
43.23
46.10
Coal
..
3.41
7.01
7.02
8.17
9.23
9.84 e
..
2.6
Oil
..
18.54
19.82
19.02 e
16.58 e
17.59 e
14.95 e
..
-2.1
Gas
..
1.50
6.88
18.68
17.91
18.49
21.08
..
9.0
..
37.07
..
0.03 e
0.02
0.44 e
0.57 e
0.79 e
47.28
1.41 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.95
2.87
2.77
4.05
3.88
4.01
4.59
Nuclear
0.82
0.58
Geothermal
2.13
2.30
2.77
4.04 e
3.87 e
4.01 e
4.59
1.6
4.0
0.00
0.00 e
0.00 e
0.00 e
0.00 e
14.8
3.23
3.89
2.72
3.92
4.20
3.59
3.11
-1.0
1.0
3.23
3.89
2.72
3.80
4.03
3.40
2.91
-1.0
0.5
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.12
0.13
66.0
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
Thermal
Total
Solar
-0.4
4.0
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Italy
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
4959
10693
9530 e
11357
12986
14143
4.7
123758
283096
239946 e
296020
339102
368681
4.9
13254
30697
25736
31248
34885
38216
4.7
1993
1058
4 e
3 e
13461
12345
52 e
39 e
1267
1171
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
40512
33068
16845 e
11850 e
14699
16326
-3.9
3729
2936
1535
1312
1368
1526
-3.8
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
23288
20924
16856 e
14916
14886
Fuel Input (TJ)
945769
853169
691096 e
601007
610341
521564
-2.6
104586
94455
73074
63403
66802
56208
-2.7
92227
323771
543995
522698
507756
566188
8.2
9226
32386
58284
56190
55973
71567
9.3
Fuel Input (TJ)
228 e
240 e
1068 e
2305 e
19 e
20 e
89 e
192 e
Fuel Input (TJ)
1488 e
1584 e
7165 e
12968 e
124 e
132 e
686 e
852 e
Fuel Input (TJ)
921
3204 e
3750
5060
14298
71
267
313
423
592
Fuel Input (TJ)
5093 e
5780 e
7614 e
9297
524
595
784
851
1215727
1506370
1501947 e
1442968 e
1492805 e
1511627 e
1.0

133350
161716
159569
153216
161010
170004
1.1
Fuel Input (1000 t)
13193 e
-2.4

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Italy
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
86
2248
479
-
101
2655
562
-
108
2856
597
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
-
..
..
..
-
..
..
..
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
30169
3653
-
31791
3778
-
..
..
..
2270
91734
11605
-
3667
150330
20962
-
3516 e
139336
19778
-
..
..
..
..
331021
47998
-
352430
43441
-
323113
45733
-
..
..
..
1980
1990

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2000
..
..
..
..
31
840
178
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
3
1
-
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
8769
779
-
23683 e
2717
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
1579
63763
8264
-
2496 e
102336 e
12804
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
56767
7323
-
331791
43076
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
84
12
-
2020 e
202 e
-
2520 e
252 e
-
1870 e
187 e
-
1550 e
155 e
-
..
..
..
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
586
16
-
1920 e
192 e
-
2400 e
240 e
-
1790 e
179 e
-
4649 e
449 e
-
..
..
..
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
18
2
-
3980 e
537
-
7000
945
-
7035
1005
-
99 e
2575 e
530
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
42
387 e
..
2
43
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
130872
468692 e
..
16577
60101
..
32539 e
3733
-
801 e
89
-
1431 e
159
-
470263 e
65341
-
547710 e
70148
-
14656
1220
-
..
..
..
1394
182
-
..
..
..
519345 e
71892
-
..
..
..
Italy
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
98.75
104.58
117.64
131.85
134.62
133.80
139.18
1.0
1.3
3.26
3.34
3.37
2.69
2.88
2.27
2.85
0.2
-1.3
72.13
66.55
64.16
65.14
66.10
66.56
67.88
-0.7
0.4
12.78
20.21
30.58
38.58
39.73
38.75
41.61
5.3
2.4
0.74
0.86
1.74
1.79
1.68
1.55
4.6
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.6
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
6.4
10.58
13.74
18.46
23.48
23.88
24.32
25.06
3.3
2.4
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
44.54
41.42
40.81
43.31
42.99
42.90
44.38
-0.5
0.6
2.65
2.97
3.27
2.46
2.65
2.13
2.71
1.3
-1.5
26.61
19.13
13.13
10.77
10.08
10.66
11.20
-4.1
-1.2
8.65
11.11
14.65
17.60
17.64
17.50
17.78
3.1
1.5
0.12
0.22
0.29
0.30
0.29
0.29
2.0
6.63
8.09
9.54
12.20
12.32
12.31
12.42
2.2
2.0
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
20.54
26.24
35.28
42.40
42.95
43.45
44.12
3.2
1.7
0.14
0.00
19.95
25.57
34.49
41.34
41.84
42.32
42.94
3.3
1.7
0.12
0.26
0.21
0.33
0.37
0.36
0.36
3.1
4.4
0.33
0.41
0.58
0.73
0.74
0.77
0.81
3.4
2.7
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.95
2.23
3.16
3.26
3.40
3.35
3.56
2.9
0.9
1.84
2.00
2.77
2.59
2.68
2.67
2.85
2.4
0.2
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.13
16.7
14.7
0.13
0.15
0.14
0.14 e
0.11
0.22
0.36
0.42
0.44
0.42
0.44
7.1
1.5
Italy
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.56
0.31
1.25
-
2.18
0.41
1.77
-
7.97
0.32
4.21
3.44
-
10.76
0.33
5.57
4.87
-
11.23
0.28
5.86
5.09
-
11.21
0.00
0.34 e
5.47
5.40
-
13.05
0.00
1.02
6.23
5.80
-
10.1
0.2
6.1
-
3.9
9.3
3.1
4.1
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
27.07
0.47
20.34
4.00
2.26
-
29.22
0.36
16.15
8.82
0.63 e
3.25
-
26.44
0.10
9.70
11.50
0.61
0.00
4.53
-
28.43
0.06
6.81
14.97
1.32
0.01
5.26
-
29.70
0.07
7.24
15.74
1.34
0.01
5.29
-
28.58
0.02
6.59
15.30
1.25
0.01
5.41
-
29.76
0.02
5.90
17.11
1.13 e
0.01
5.59
-
-0.1
-8.9
-4.3
6.4
4.2
-
0.9
-12.7
-3.8
3.1
4.8
6.4
1.6
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.21
0.21
-
0.22
0.22
-
0.22
0.22
-
0.22
0.22
-
-0.5
0.6
-
Heat
0.23
0.03 e
0.20
-

Italy
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
98.75
104.58
103.07
117.64
123.32
131.85
134.62
133.80
139.18
Total Industry
44.54
41.42
35.88
40.81
40.49
43.31
42.99
42.90
44.38
Iron and Steel
5.68
6.83
6.12
5.65
5.45
5.61
5.88
5.36
5.92
17.33
12.99
11.76
13.60
13.21
10.93
10.75
10.75
10.69
TFC

Non-ferrous Metals
0.86
0.85
0.70
0.83
0.82
0.97
0.98
0.96
0.95
8.32
8.71
7.05
7.40
6.90
8.18
7.72
7.77
8.52
Transport Equipment
0.22
0.27
0.25
0.33
0.37
0.41
0.39
0.38
0.38
Machinery
4.08
3.58
2.95
2.95
3.64
4.73
4.82
4.88
4.95
0.26
0.15
0.12
0.14
0.15
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.17
Food and Tobacco
2.21
2.44
1.86
2.11
2.79
3.50
3.58
3.73
3.77
1.85
1.61
1.44
1.83
2.40
2.64
2.68
2.72
2.78
0.12
0.18
0.11
0.15
0.18
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.37
Construction
0.05
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.20
0.21
0.18
0.17
0.19
Textile and Leather
2.12
2.14
1.70
1.98
2.46
2.71
2.69
2.72
2.72
Non Specified/Other
1.43
1.58
1.70
3.74
1.92
2.91
2.79
2.93
2.97
90.70
51.12
59.87
64.33
73.08
79.49
85.07
87.50
86.81
Agriculture
1.95
2.23
2.36
3.16
3.30
3.26
3.40
3.35
3.56
1.56
2.18
2.80
7.97
9.54
10.76
11.23
11.21
13.05
Residential
27.07
29.22
29.99
26.44
26.74
28.43
29.70
28.58
29.76
Transport
20.54
26.24
29.18
35.28
39.65
42.40
42.95
43.45
44.12

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.23
0.26
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
3.08
3.28
2.86
3.74
3.33
3.48
4.13
4.09
4.10
10.58
13.74
14.97
18.46
20.49
23.48
23.88
24.32
25.06
Total Industry
6.63
8.09
7.98
9.54
10.28
12.20
12.32
12.31
12.42
Iron and Steel
1.19
1.71
1.57
1.67
1.69
1.75
1.79
1.72
1.71
1.67
1.89
1.53
1.70
1.71
1.89
1.83
1.74
1.73
Non-ferrous Metals
0.46
0.59
0.49
0.53
0.46
0.48
0.49
0.48
0.47
0.64
0.84
0.81
0.97
1.01
1.18
1.20
1.23
1.25
Transport Equipment
0.22
0.27
0.25
0.33
0.37
0.41
0.39
0.38
0.38
Machinery
0.63
0.87
0.93
1.21
1.39
1.76
1.79
1.86
1.92
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
Food and Tobacco
0.34
0.43
0.50
0.64
0.82
1.00
1.04
1.06
1.08
0.41
0.49
0.48
0.61
0.72
0.87
0.88
0.90
0.93
0.12
0.18
0.11
0.15
0.18
0.35
0.36
0.37
0.37
Construction
0.05
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.13
Textile and Leather
0.59
0.59
0.65
0.84
0.90
0.99
1.00
0.95
0.91
Non Specified/Other
0.19
0.04
0.47
0.68
0.83
1.35
1.36
1.41
1.46
3.95
5.66
6.98
8.92
10.21
11.28
11.57
12.01
12.65
Agriculture
0.11
0.22
0.28
0.36
0.35
0.42
0.44
0.42
0.44
1.25
1.77
2.38
3.44
4.27
4.87
5.09
5.40
5.80
Residential
2.26
3.25
3.83
4.53
4.92
5.26
5.29
5.41
5.59
Transport
0.33
0.41
0.49
0.58
0.67
0.73
0.74
0.77
0.81

Italy
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
125.83
163.65
218.78
279.32
285.49
290.96
299.79
3.3
2.5
77.15
94.02
110.92
141.85
143.21
143.11
144.37
2.2
2.0
3.78
4.80
6.73
8.51
8.57
8.97
9.46
3.4
2.7
1.31
2.60
4.23
4.91
5.16
4.89
5.16
7.1
1.5
14.53
20.53
40.03
56.60
59.24
62.83
67.43
6.1
4.1
Residential
Energy(1)
26.28
37.84
52.73
61.11
61.55
62.96
65.02
4.2
1.6
2.78
3.86
4.15
6.34
7.77
8.21
8.35
2.4
5.5
10.82
14.07
18.81
24.02
24.55
25.02
25.78
3.3
2.5


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
77.15
94.02
110.92
141.85
143.21
143.11
144.37
2.2
2.0
Iron and Steel
13.88
19.84
19.41
20.35
20.85
19.97
19.89
2.0
0.2
19.38
22.00
19.82
21.95
21.22
20.24
20.11
0.1
0.1
5.38
6.87
6.16
5.53
5.71
5.62
5.46
0.8
-0.9
Non-Ferrous Metals
7.47
9.73
11.31
13.70
13.93
14.31
14.54
2.5
2.0
Transport Equipment
2.56
3.14
3.79
4.71
4.53
4.43
4.41
2.3
1.2
Machinery
7.28
10.14
14.12
20.45
20.84
21.63
22.33
4.0
3.6
1.26
1.27
1.27
1.05
1.03
1.04
1.06
0.0
-1.4
Food and Tobacco
3.92
4.99
7.50
11.64
12.04
12.36
12.54
3.9
4.0
4.82
5.66
7.12
10.10
10.26
10.48
10.79
2.3
3.2
1.43
2.11
1.76
4.04
4.20
4.26
4.25
1.2
7.0
Construction
0.62
0.89
0.96
1.23
1.21
1.33
1.51
2.7
3.5
6.90
6.91
9.77
11.46
11.58
11.06
10.54
2.1
0.6
Non Specified/Other
2.27
0.47
7.93
15.65
15.79
16.39
16.95
7.6
6.0

6.63
8.09
9.54
12.20
12.32
12.31
12.42
2.2
2.0
Italy
(TWh)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.25
8.07
25.11
35.58
38.66
44.83
48.93
51.52
51.49
Total OECD
3.25
7.35
23.93
34.23
37.91
40.30
43.76
46.28
46.95
Austria
Total Imports
Imports from:
0.33
0.71
1.55
1.70
1.32
1.96
1.86
1.79
1.68
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.76
1.43
7.52
15.44
17.65
16.18
18.27
19.10
18.14
Germany
Greece
0.01
0.50
1.13
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
2.16
5.21
14.86
17.09
18.94
22.17
23.62
24.90
26.00
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
0.73
1.18
1.35
0.75
4.53
5.16
5.24
4.54
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.73
1.18
1.35
0.75
4.53
5.16
5.24
4.54
-
Switzerland
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.73
1.18
1.35
0.75
4.53
5.16
5.24
4.54
Others
Italy
(TWh)
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.37
1.99
1.44
0.92
1.24
0.48
0.55
0.92
0.52
Total OECD
2.34
1.92
0.28
0.20
0.29
0.41
0.49
0.84
0.47
Austria
Total Exports
Exports to:
0.12
0.02
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.32
0.74
0.14
0.18
0.27
0.40
0.43
0.46
0.43
Germany
Greece
0.02
0.36
0.03
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
1.90
1.16
0.15
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.01
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.03
0.07
1.15
0.72
0.94
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.04
Switzerland
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.03
0.07
1.15
0.72
0.94
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.04
-
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.03
0.07
1.15
0.72
0.94
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.04
Others
Italy
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
30.65
38.45
47.59
49.14
57.11
75.51
76.09
76.51
78.31

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
0.55
1.42
1.27
12.90
13.85
15.93
17.04
18.02
20.35
20.43
20.51
20.66
5.66
6.19
6.88
6.96
6.98
6.96
6.96
0.38
0.43
0.44
0.50
0.47
0.59
0.57
0.67
0.71
Solar
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.02
0.36
0.66
0.78
0.87
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
0.01
0.16
0.09
0.09
0.19
16.82
22.75
29.95
31.60
38.57
54.03
54.31
54.43
55.86
of which:
Single-fired:
0.07
0.06
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02 e
0.03
0.03
Liquid Fuels
7.05
13.71
16.38
15.26
17.72
14.56
14.00 e
12.82
11.94
Natural Gas
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.04
0.23
5.87
6.65 e
5.89
7.54
0.02
0.04
0.09
0.69
0.62 e
0.78
0.92
7.35
4.23
5.43
6.02
6.02
7.69
7.93 e
7.88
8.41
1.74
3.82
7.14
9.24
13.45
20.36
0.60
0.92
0.92
0.98
1.05
4.85

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
20.45 e
21.65
21.67
4.66 e
5.39
5.34
28.24
29.55
34.03
40.05
39.11
38.13
36.75
Internal Combustion
0.14
0.19
0.24
0.83
0.85
0.91
0.96
Gas Turbine
1.57
1.86
4.29
5.31
5.37
5.09
5.10
Combined Cycle
0.01
7.84
8.98
10.31
13.05
Other
0.00
Peak Load
..
..
..
36.26
39.65
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
36.46
45.67
..
..
..
..
Italy
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.70
8.37
8.04
7.42
8.81
..
..
..
..
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
1.97
1.97
1.89
1.73
1.82
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.08
..
..
..
..
5.73
6.40
6.15
5.69
6.91
..
..
..
..
Hydro
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.87
0.12
0.01
0.01
Liquid Fuels
2.47
2.25
2.21
1.18
0.92
..
..
..
..
Natural Gas
0.26
0.40
0.30
0.45
1.68
..
..
..
..
0.03
0.09
0.06
..
..
..
..
0.67
1.82
0.67
0.36
0.45
..
..
..
..
1.46
1.82
1.20
1.96
2.21
..
..
..
..
1.75
1.64
1.59
..
..
..
..

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
5.93
5.22
4.86
..
..
..
..
Internal Combustion
0.07
0.05
0.13
..
..
..
..
Gas Turbine
0.15
0.26
0.43
..
..
..
..
Combined Cycle
0.12
1.50
..
..
..
..
Other
0.05
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Italy
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
16.03
37.56
35.79
22.46
80.11
76.51
50.11
170.16
148.58
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
25.85
39.13
39.77
36.23
83.45
85.01
80.82
177.25
165.09
37.13
83.32
72.34
Euro/ toe
59.89
86.79
80.38

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0189
0.0003
0.0288
0.0003
0.0607
0.0024
0.0604
0.0147
0.0965
0.0147
0.1200
0.0200
0.1200
0.0300
0.1300
0.0300
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0219
0.0017
0.0340
0.0024
0.0868
0.0110
0.0970
0.0265
0.1470
0.0336
0.1650
0.0450
0.1650
0.0550
0.1650
0.0450
..
..

Japan
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
323.54
346.45
445.34
528.57
520.66
517.10
537.08
1.9
1.3
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
2211.55
2790.75
4107.83
4746.09
4749.83
4876.13
5068.90
3.7
1.5
0.15
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
-1.7
-0.2
TPES/population(2)
108.66
116.80
123.54
126.93
127.44
127.62
127.60
0.8
0.2
2.98
2.97
3.60
4.16
4.09
4.05
4.21
1.1
1.1
100
85
74
76
75
72
72
-1.7
-0.2
100
98
97
106
106
102
..
-0.2
..
3822
4396
6070
7444
7414
7322
..
2.8
..
465.39
572.53
834.53
1048.37
1048.92
1037.67
1028.36
3.5
1.5
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
323.54
346.45
445.34
528.57
520.66
517.10
537.08
1.9
1.3
57.86
59.56
77.88
98.45
104.30
107.70
119.99
1.8
3.1
252.10
235.60
254.39
262.51
255.37
256.97
253.55
0.1
-0.0
5.07
21.40
44.25
65.50
66.35
70.95
70.38
13.6
3.4
5.68
6.75
6.74
6.87
6.62
1.1
Nuclear
2.53
21.52
52.71
83.93
76.90
62.55
74.50
19.6
2.5
Geothermal
0.23
0.77
1.58
3.10
3.13
3.22
3.17
11.9
5.1
0.01 e
1.17
0.82
0.78
0.71
0.74
-3.2
Hydro
5.74
7.59
7.68
7.50
7.08
8.14
8.13
1.7
0.4
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew & Waste
Heat
Japan
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
8.0
9.7
82.6
202.3
322.0
319.9
295.1
240.0
86.9
71.7
92.1
95.8
96.8
93.9
91.8
104.1
9.5
of which:
2.7
4.9
3.8
6.5
9.6
9.7
9.4
Geothermal
0.3
0.9
1.7
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.5
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.8
290.7
388.6
400.7
541.2
635.6
622.3
667.7
698.7
45.4
37.3
54.9
119.8
239.3
256.8
275.1
292.8
239.8
340.8
264.7
247.4
140.4
110.1
131.6
136.6
5.5
10.5
81.1
162.4
240.0
239.3
243.2
251.7
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
11.6
16.0
16.1
17.8
17.7
385.6
470.3
576.3
841.1
1057.9
1039.7
1058.3
1047.2
12.6
15.7
24.6
31.5
38.5
37.9
37.9
37.5
373.0
454.6
551.8
809.5
1019.4
1001.8
1020.4
1009.7
0.3
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
2.6
4.7
6.1
10.0
14.8
14.9
13.4
12.0
Imports
Exports
370.4
449.8
545.6
799.2
1003.6
985.8
1005.9
996.6
24.6
28.1
25.4
40.8
46.9
45.4
49.6
49.8
5.6
6.5
7.0
8.8
12.1
12.1
11.8
12.7
340.2
415.1
513.3
749.7
944.5
928.4
944.5
934.1
382.9
465.4
572.5
834.5
1048.4
1030.0
1048.9
1037.7
385.6
470.3
576.3
841.1
1057.9
1039.7
1058.3
1047.2
345.8
421.7
520.2
758.4
956.6
940.4
956.3
946.8

Japan
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
456.98
572.53
834.53
1048.37
1048.92
1037.67
1028.36
3.8
Coal
39.76
54.94
119.79
239.29
275.05
292.77
286.82
7.1
6.4
299.39
264.71
247.41
140.39
131.61
136.60
107.42
-1.2
-5.8
15.35
81.11
162.39
239.96
243.16
251.66
237.96
15.9
2.8
11.62
15.98
17.84
17.71
11.26
-0.2
19.70
82.59
202.27
322.05
295.09
240.01
285.87
15.7
2.5
0.10
0.90
1.74
3.35
3.37
3.48
3.43
19.6
5.0
65.0
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
1.5
0.00
0.11
0.42
0.84
1.11
82.68
88.29
89.31
87.25
82.38
94.60
94.49
0.5
0.4
2.10
3.80
6.53
9.56
9.42
9.53
9.11
7.3
2.4
Total
395.65
508.06
751.06
931.12
926.38
910.60
..
4.1
..
Coal
30.35
37.95
97.11
196.07
227.88
243.40
..
7.5
..
253.60
224.75
207.53
94.74
87.83
90.95
..
-1.2
..
15.35
81.11
160.74
234.03
236.43
244.14
..
15.8
..
0.58
2.06
2.33
2.33
..
..
19.70
82.01
201.40
321.34
294.07
240.01
..
15.6
..
0.10
0.90
1.49
3.12
3.22
3.25
..
18.4
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.01
..
76.55
81.35
82.22
79.76
74.63
86.52
..
0.4
..
2.10
3.80
6.53
9.56
9.42
9.53
..
7.3
..
Total
61.32
64.47
83.46
117.25
122.54
127.07
..
1.9
..
Coal
9.41
16.98
22.67
43.22
47.18
49.37
..
5.7
..
45.79
39.96
39.89
45.65
43.78
45.65
..
-0.9
..
1.65
5.92
6.73
7.52
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
Oil
Gas
11.04
13.92
15.51
15.38
..
..
Nuclear
0.58
0.87
0.71
1.02
..
..
Geothermal
0.26
0.23
0.15
0.24
..
..
0.00
0.11
0.42
0.83
..
..
6.13
6.95
7.09
7.49
7.75
8.08
..
0.9
..
..
..
Hydro

Japan
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
4270
8361
15823
22648
23164
22958
26789
80-95 95-04
9.1
Coal
637
570
535
642
726
691
593
-1.2
1.2
Oil
1201
1776
1336
1531
1448
1298
2291
0.7
6.2
Gas
6.0
1949
4156
9063
12822
13272
13019
15917
10.8
6.5
1023
2784
4129
4043
4278
3828
3.6
Nuclear
Geothermal
483
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
836
2105
3524
3675
3672
4160
7.9
Total
4270
8361
15823
22648
23164
22958
..
9.1
..
Coal
637
570
535
642
726
691
..
-1.2
..
Oil
1201
1776
1336
1531
1448
1298
..
0.7
..
Gas
..
Solar
of which:
1949
4156
9063
12822
13272
13019
..
10.8
1023
2784
4129
4043
4278
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
483 e
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
836
2105
3524
3675
3672
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Japan
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
385.60
470.29
459.08
576.33
841.06
1057.94
1039.72
1058.34
1047.20
8.00
9.71
19.70
82.59
202.27
322.05
319.86
295.09
240.01
86.90
71.68
84.78
92.09
95.84
96.82
93.87
91.80
104.13
9.53
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
4.90
2.10
3.80
6.53
9.56
9.71
9.42
Geothermal
0.27
0.10
0.90
1.74
3.35
3.43
3.37
3.48
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.11
0.25
0.42
0.83

Combustible Fuels
290.70
388.63
354.50
400.75
541.21
635.61
622.30
667.66
698.74
of which:
Coal
Oil
Gas
(1)
45.40
37.30
39.76
54.94
119.79
239.29
256.77
275.05
292.77
239.80
340.83
299.39
264.71
247.41
140.39
110.09
131.61
136.60
5.50
10.50
15.35
81.11
162.39
239.96
239.32
243.16
251.66
11.62
15.98
16.12
17.84
17.71
373.00
454.55
440.06
551.78
809.55
1019.43
1001.78
1020.43
1009.68
Nuclear
..
..
18.62
78.64
193.83
308.63
306.44
282.47
228.81
Hydro
..
..
84.29
91.55
95.15
96.14
93.21
91.13
103.44
9.44
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
2.08
3.76
6.47
9.47
9.61
9.33
Geothermal
..
..
1.73
3.34
3.42
3.37
3.22
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.10
0.24
0.40
0.80
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
337.16
381.60
518.84
611.22
598.47
643.07
673.41

Japan
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
51586
53218
79072
112084
112489
117224
121446
3.0
3979
3979
-
9987
9987
-
9905
9905
-
11029
11029
-
16147
16147
-
51586
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
51586
50521
11195
17152
5569
2007
2
4
981
473
10435
30
2673
75093
15845
28110
2344
8889
2006
17055
844
102097
25279
31664
1539
12487
2957
25414
2757
102584
26965
30689
1493
12571
3059
24872
2935
106195
28818
29655
1469
12465
3574
25090
5124
105299
28635
29189
1527
12479
3848
25113
4508
2.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
-8.1
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
2697
2697
..
..
..
..
..
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Japan
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total
82.07
86.42
110.23
125.04
122.16
130.80
136.90
1.8
Coal
11.97
10.52
25.61
48.62
51.80
55.45
59.16
4.6
6.7
Oil
68.10
60.32
49.08
26.19
20.43
24.40
25.05
-1.9
-5.0
2.00
15.58
33.26
47.11
46.81
47.52
49.28
18.0
3.1
2.28
3.12
3.12
3.43
3.41
3.1
Total
..
73.27
96.46
105.49
102.64
110.73
116.25
..
1.4
Coal
..
8.03
21.23
40.71
43.56
47.00
50.33
..
6.9
Oil
..
49.66
42.11
18.15
12.68
16.74
17.30
..
-6.6
Gas
..
15.58
32.96
46.09
45.82
46.39
48.02
..
2.9
..
0.16
0.55
0.58
0.60
0.60
..
10.83
Combustible Fuels
Gas
1.7

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.76
22.30
54.21
86.81
86.31
79.80
65.54
19.1
1.5
Nuclear
2.53
21.52
52.71
83.93
83.36
76.90
62.55
19.6
1.3
Geothermal
0.23
0.77
1.50
2.88
2.95
2.90
3.00
11.6
5.5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.5
5.74
7.59
7.68
7.51
7.26
7.12
8.21
1.7
0.5
5.74
7.59
7.68
7.50
7.24
7.08
8.14
1.7
0.4
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.07
Thermal
Total
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Japan
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

11998
32200
65937
70888
76094
82191
8.7
264554
800156
1697864
1826587
1973551
2131634
9.5
27851
90139
199480
215734
233065
251031
10.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
278254
271958
342942
349061
356985
354330
1.1
27084
29649
39808
41036
41989
41742
1.9
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
63133
50191
26809
20842
25001
25949
-3.8
2508740
2227522
1210499
942081
1130099
1182539
-3.2
264706
247411
140389
110093
131608
136597
-2.8
833295
1541336
2177449
2164399
2196415
2278937
4.5
81107
162389
239956
239317
243156
251659
5.0
Fuel Input (TJ)
78699
84835
79611
86660
85552
9813
11166
10735
11694
11564
Fuel Input (TJ)
814
372
606
594
107
50
82
80
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
15492 e
40694 e
46055 e
52212 e
52212 e
1807
4706
5338
6062
6062

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
3884843

400748
4935163 e
5555097 e
5408166 e
5796528 e
6085798 e
2.0
541208
635612
622303
667656
698735
2.4

Japan
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

38
32
27
23
29
27
-1.5
Fuel Input (TJ)
960
804
690
604
762
709
-1.3
637
570
642
573
726
691
0.4
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Peat

40
57
37
33
34
30
-1.2
Fuel Input (TJ)
1816
2504
1647
1464
1519
1332
-1.3
1201
1776
1531
1390
1448
1298
0.3
Fuel Input (TJ)
2946
6169
14515
14047
14655
14466 e
7.2
1949
4156
12822
12667
13272
13019
8.6
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
80
172
190
182
157
57
160
180
174
153
Fuel Input (TJ)
1362
4269
4338
4058
4234
966
3969
4118
3869
4125
5722
10919
21293
20643
21176
20898 e
5.8

3787
7525
19124
18928
19489
19286
7.3
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Japan
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
234.41
233.02
291.80
353.20
349.58
356.24
353.53
1.3
20.17
21.37
24.06
20.82
20.58
22.53
24.50
1.0
0.1
171.49
157.68
183.64
223.25
221.64
223.61
218.98
0.4
1.4
7.02
9.71
14.84
22.74
22.70
24.07
24.87
4.5
4.1
3.34
3.60
3.31
3.29
3.44
0.2
0.08
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.23
8.5
1.17
0.81
0.75
0.74
0.64
-4.6
35.70
44.14
64.47
81.22
79.84
81.23
80.34
3.5
1.7
0.03
0.10
0.20
0.54
0.54
0.55
0.55
12.3
8.1
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
131.39
110.67
114.47
132.97
129.58
134.91
136.74
-0.8
1.4
18.22
20.82
24.00
20.59
20.35
22.30
24.27
1.6
0.1
86.05
58.92
50.98
65.58
63.82
65.80
64.74
-3.0
1.9
2.07
2.73
4.77
8.96
9.25
10.35
11.25
5.0
6.8
3.21
3.53
3.25
3.24
3.39
0.4
25.06
28.19
31.51
34.31
32.91
33.22
33.09
1.4
0.4
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
42.60
55.48
75.82
94.78
95.28
94.27
93.23
3.4
1.6
0.20
41.26
54.17
74.38
93.18
93.70
92.68
91.64
3.5
1.6
1.14
1.31
1.45
1.60
1.59
1.59
1.59
1.4
0.7
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.77
3.51
6.85
6.74
6.75
6.75
6.73
5.5
-0.1
2.67
3.40
6.68
6.51
6.51
6.51
6.51
5.5
-0.2
0.03
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
8.5
1.5
0.10
0.10
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.12
1.9
-1.0
Japan
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
20.04
16.14
1.28
2.59
0.03
20.37
14.28
1.43
4.55
0.10
40.10
0.06
21.15
3.09
0.04
0.04
15.54
0.17
55.64
0.23
26.51
5.24
0.13
0.02
23.00
0.51
56.63
0.23
27.62
5.03
0.13
0.02
23.08
0.51
57.50
0.23
28.17
5.02
0.13
0.02
23.41
0.52
54.93
0.23
26.11
4.89
0.13
0.02
23.03
0.52
4.2
1.6
5.3
11.1
11.2
2.5
11.4
1.6
3.6
8.5
-6.8
3.1
9.0
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
21.04
1.75
8.86
3.61
6.81
-
25.86
0.55
9.80
5.53
9.98
-
38.10
13.99
6.98
0.13
1.12
15.84
0.03
48.83
17.24
8.54
0.07
0.79
22.18
0.03
47.52
16.17
8.42
0.06
0.73
22.12
0.03
49.18
16.82
8.70
0.04
0.72
22.86
0.03
48.22
16.30
8.73
0.05
0.62
22.50
0.03
3.6
2.7
4.0
5.1
-
1.8
1.2
1.7
-7.1
-4.5
2.7
0.3
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
7.73
7.67
0.06
-
8.86
8.84
0.02
-
4.28
4.28
-
3.31
3.31
-
3.31
3.31
-
3.31
3.31
-
3.31
3.31
-
-3.4
-3.4
-
-2.0
-2.0
-
Heat

Japan
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
234.41
233.02
245.44
291.80
327.42
353.20
349.58
356.24
353.53
Total Industry
131.39
110.67
109.29
114.47
121.94
132.97
129.58
134.91
136.74
Iron and Steel
33.85
28.07
22.51
17.17
15.57
16.97
16.43
18.26
18.53
42.83
30.87
29.34
41.63
48.66
52.83
50.96
53.64
52.68
3.90
3.69
2.97
1.34
1.22
1.13
1.09
1.10
1.10
11.26
10.81
10.10
7.12
8.05
8.87
8.49
8.50
8.58
Transport Equipment
0.87
1.19
1.78
Machinery
0.76
1.02
4.93
7.71
7.83
5.03
4.76
4.74
4.68
0.49
0.43
0.50
0.61
0.78
0.73
0.72
0.71
0.70
Food and Tobacco
3.59
3.45
4.05
3.17
3.30
4.11
4.13
4.14
4.12
5.56
4.38
7.50
8.51
8.74
9.17
8.73
8.55
8.61
3.36
3.55
4.07
5.24
5.61
3.79
3.78
3.78
3.77
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals

Construction
Textile and Leather
5.45
3.83
3.79
Non Specified/Other
19.47
19.39
17.74
21.97
22.18
30.35
30.49
31.49
33.96
94.19
114.08
126.98
165.16
194.09
209.31
209.50
211.02
206.43
2.77
3.51
8.09
6.85
8.00
6.74
6.75
6.75
6.73
20.04
20.37
26.65
40.10
47.60
55.64
56.63
57.50
54.93
Agriculture
Residential
21.04
25.86
34.51
38.10
45.48
48.83
47.52
49.18
48.22
Transport
42.60
55.48
57.72
75.82
89.64
94.78
95.28
94.27
93.23
7.73
8.86
0.02
4.28
3.37
3.31
3.31
3.31
3.31
8.83
8.27
9.16
12.17
11.39
10.92
10.51
10.31
10.37
35.70
44.14
50.83
64.47
73.89
81.22
79.84
81.23
80.34
Total Industry
25.06
28.19
26.54
31.51
32.91
34.31
32.91
33.22
33.09
Iron and Steel
6.16
6.32
6.28
4.91
4.85
5.42
5.21
5.44
5.44
4.39
3.85
4.22
5.20
5.51
4.11
3.92
3.90
3.95
Non-ferrous Metals
2.48
2.28
1.52
0.58
0.54
0.47
0.45
0.47
0.48
1.19
1.48
1.71
1.72
1.86
1.68
1.61
1.62
1.56
Transport Equipment
0.87
1.19
1.78
Machinery
0.76
1.02
2.18
3.59
3.78
2.69
2.52
2.52
2.48
0.16
0.14
0.20
0.17
0.15
0.12
0.10
0.09
0.08
Food and Tobacco
0.40
0.57
1.38
0.80
0.96
1.23
1.25
1.26
1.24
2.68

Non-Energy Use(1)
1.78
1.99
2.18
2.27
2.40
2.79
2.71
2.72
Construction
0.09
0.12
0.12
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
Textile and Leather
0.61
0.55
0.92
Non Specified/Other
6.27
8.79
4.09
12.15
12.74
15.72
15.05
15.13
15.11
47.24
10.64
15.95
24.29
32.96
40.98
46.91
46.93
48.00
Agriculture
0.10
0.10
0.22
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.12
2.59
4.55
9.97
15.54
19.46
23.00
23.08
23.41
23.03
Residential
6.81
9.98
12.69
15.84
19.76
22.18
22.12
22.86
22.50
Transport
1.14
1.31
1.40
1.45
1.61
1.60
1.59
1.59
1.59

Japan
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
421.67
520.25
758.44
956.62
940.43
956.32
946.79
3.5
1.7
Industry
0.4
291.38
327.79
366.41
399.01
382.72
386.32
384.81
1.4
Transport
13.23
15.23
16.81
18.57
18.44
18.51
18.51
1.4
0.7
Agriculture
1.20
1.21
1.65
1.60
1.62
1.62
1.44
1.9
-1.0
3.1
30.14
52.96
180.65
267.43
268.41
272.19
267.79
11.1
Residential
Energy(1)
79.19
116.09
184.15
257.85
257.19
265.86
261.59
5.1
2.7
6.53
6.98
8.78
12.15
12.07
11.83
12.66
1.8
2.9
36.26
44.74
65.23
82.27
80.88
82.24
81.42
3.5
1.7


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
291.38
327.79
366.41
399.01
382.72
386.32
384.81
1.4
0.4
Iron and Steel
71.67
73.50
57.04
63.00
60.54
63.31
63.29
-1.3
0.8
51.06
44.71
60.48
47.79
45.62
45.32
45.93
1.0
-2.1
Non-Ferrous Metals
28.78
26.51
6.79
5.49
5.29
5.51
5.56
-8.1
-1.5
13.85
17.22
19.99
19.49
18.76
18.79
18.12
2.2
-0.8
Transport Equipment
10.06
13.84
8.83
11.92
41.72
31.30
29.27
29.28
28.79
9.6
-2.8
Machinery
1.85
1.67
1.94
1.34
1.18
1.01
0.92
0.3
-5.6
Food and Tobacco
4.60
6.63
9.31
14.30
14.56
14.62
14.43
4.2
3.4
1.3
20.68
23.13
26.45
32.48
31.55
31.60
31.18
1.5
Construction
1.45
1.05
1.01
0.97
0.90
-3.6
7.13
6.42
Non Specified/Other
72.87
102.24
141.25
182.77
174.95
175.92
175.70
4.0
1.7

25.06
28.19
31.51
34.31
32.91
33.22
33.09
1.4
0.4
Japan
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
92.47
129.36
154.25
175.07
202.95
228.60
230.09
231.64
231.95
45.74

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
3.89
15.51
24.52
31.48
41.19
45.08
45.74
45.74
22.48
28.67
33.20
36.45
42.08
44.85
44.94
44.98
45.32
11.50
14.36
17.01
22.29
24.31
24.74
24.71
24.71
0.02
0.13
0.18
0.24
0.47
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Combustible Fuels
66.08
85.05
96.36
106.91
119.20
138.16
138.92
140.42
140.39
16.59
of which:
Single-fired:
5.64
5.26
0.16
7.66
14.87
25.42
30.50
16.59
Liquid Fuels
57.34
59.48
50.67
50.83
49.20
51.12
45.79
41.45
41.45
Natural Gas
3.10
20.31
12.62
15.62
20.82
35.27
35.42
57.98
57.94

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
16.37
32.81
34.31
26.36
27.20
24.40
24.40
Solid / Natural Gas
0.94
15.60
Type of Generation
Steam
94.86
105.60
117.20
136.93
137.68
139.17
138.92
Internal Combustion
0.44
0.51
0.63
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.74
Gas Turbine
1.07
0.80
1.37
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.72
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
109.81
143.72
171.13
173.07
182.38
179.54
167.27
Available Capacity
..
..
122.11
..
..
..
..
..
..
Japan
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
11.74
14.34
15.07
19.66
24.53
31.56
33.11
35.87
37.77
Nuclear
0.01
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
Hydro
1.07
1.11
1.14
1.38
1.37
1.47
1.42
1.42
1.39
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Geothermal
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Solar
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.08
0.18
0.27
0.50

Combustible Fuels
0.04 e
0.04
-
10.66
13.02
13.73
18.08
22.95
29.81
31.31
33.97
35.84
..
of which:
Single-fired:
3.20
3.92
4.14
..
..
..
..
..
Liquid Fuels
7.46
9.11
9.59
..
..
..
..
..
..
Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
..
..
..
..
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
9.67
11.35
12.07
14.20
16.17
20.86
21.82
23.83
25.23
Internal Combustion
0.77
1.02
0.86
1.57
3.40
4.10
4.38
4.71
5.10
Gas Turbine
0.22
0.66
0.80
2.32
3.38
4.84
5.12
5.44
5.51
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Japan
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
4
..
..
5
..
..
5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
7.74
..
..
9.10
..
..
8.70
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

1000 Japanese Yen/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
15
23
20
16
57
44
26.61
24.00
21.98
28.56
59.10
49.26
15
53
46
12
30
24
1000 Japanese Yen/ toe

Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
25.94
55.61
51.22
20.25
31.24
26.89

1000 Japanese Yen/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0131
0.0004
0.0196
0.0007
0.0227
0.0008
0.0177
0.0010
0.0154
0.0012
0.0155
0.0012
0.0144
0.0011
0.0141
0.0011
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0196
0.0008
0.0266
0.0011
0.0301
0.0012
0.0256
0.0012
0.0231
0.0015
0.0228
0.0015
0.0218
0.0015
0.0215
0.0015
..
..

Korea
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
21.64
41.37
92.65
190.89
201.04
205.30
210.57
8.9
6.0
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
78.69
125.84
288.33
511.66
568.32
585.76
614.90
7.9
5.6
0.28
0.33
0.32
0.37
0.35
0.35
0.34
0.9
0.5
TPES/population(2)
34.10
38.12
42.87
47.01
47.64
47.93
48.16
1.4
0.8
0.63
1.09
2.16
4.06
4.22
4.28
4.37
7.5
5.2
100
120
117
136
129
127
125
0.9
0.5
100
160
201
280
325
333
..
4.2
..
376
859
2202
4970
6316
6639
..
11.0
..
14.83
37.24
105.37
263.68
330.36
344.85
365.60
12.2
9.3
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
21.64
41.37
92.65
190.89
201.04
205.30
210.57
8.9
6.0
8.13
13.49
25.56
39.45
45.67
47.09
49.23
7.0
4.8
13.40
26.81
50.03
103.53
102.00
101.20
100.60
8.1
5.1
Gas
2.72
17.01
21.20
22.00
25.28
17.2
Comb. Renew & Waste
2.12
0.82
0.73
0.98
Nuclear
0.91
13.78
28.40
31.04
33.79
34.07
6.7
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04 e
0.04
0.07
0.07
25.8
0.11
0.17
0.55
0.34
0.28
0.42
0.33
9.9
-3.5
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Hydro
Heat

Korea
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.5
52.9
109.0
112.1
119.1
129.7
1.3
1.3
2.0
6.4
5.6
6.0
5.3
6.9
2.0
of which:
-
1.6
1.8
2.1
Geothermal
Solar
0.0 e
0.0 e
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
9.2
13.5
31.8
46.1
165.1 e
208.0
210.3
0.7
1.3
2.5
17.7
97.5
110.3
133.8
134.2
8.5
12.2
29.3
18.9
24.6
24.0
31.6
31.6
9.6
28.2
30.4
41.8
42.5
10.5
14.8
37.2
105.4
265.3
283.3
5.1
12.1
12.7
0.5 e
Net Production(1)
150.7 e
0.7 e
2.0 e
0.4 e
0.3 e
0.8
1.9
332.4
346.9
14.6 e
15.5
10.0
14.1
35.2
100.3
253.2
270.6
317.8
331.3
Used for Heat Pumps
0.1
2.3
2.1
2.4
Imports
Exports
10.0
14.1
35.1
98.0
251.1
268.2
314.7
329.1
3.6
17.5
17.8

0.8 e
- e
2.4 e
- e
2.2
-
13.9 e
11.0
9.2
12.8
32.7
94.4
233.5
250.4
300.8
318.1
10.5
14.8
37.2
105.4
263.7
281.4
330.4
344.9
10.5
14.8
37.2
105.4
265.3
283.3
332.4
346.9
94.4
233.5
250.4
300.8 e
318.1
- e
1.3 e
3.2 e
- e
9.2 e
12.8 e
32.7 e

Korea
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
16.84
37.24
105.37
263.68
330.36
344.85
365.60
12.1
9.3
Coal
0.74
2.48
17.66
97.54
133.84
134.22
144.53
21.9
16.2
14.19
29.30
18.86
24.59
31.60
31.62
30.26
1.8
3.4
9.60
28.15
41.77
42.49
54.13
13.1
Oil
Gas
0.79
1.91
2.06
Nuclear
3.48
52.89
108.96
0.40 e
119.10
129.67
130.72
6.7
Geothermal
0.02 e
0.02
0.03
0.04
1.91
1.98
6.36
4.01
3.23
4.90
3.87
7.8
-3.5
1.60
2.08
2.00
1.99
Total
16.81
37.18
99.48
253.23
301.16
316.57
..
11.8
..
Coal
0.72
2.42
11.77
87.11
118.02 e
120.28 e
..
19.1
..
14.19
29.30
18.86
24.59
21.09
21.91
..
1.8
..
28.15
39.23
39.59
..
..
0.48
0.22
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Oil
Gas
9.60
Nuclear
3.48
52.89
108.96
119.10
129.67
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
1.91
1.98
6.36
4.01
3.23
4.90
..
7.8
..
1.60
2.08
2.00
..
..
Total
0.03
0.06
5.89
10.45
29.19
28.28
..
40.7
..
Coal
0.03 e
0.06 e
5.89
10.42
15.82
13.95
..
40.7
..
Hydro
0.40 e
Autoproducers
Oil
10.51
9.71
..
..
Gas
2.54
2.90
..
..
0.30
1.69
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
Hydro
0.02 e
-
..
..
0.02
0.03
..
..

..
..
..
..
Korea
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
57293
118416
151272
145800
144914
80-95 95-04
-
Coal
41161
29542
31810
Oil
14635
27291
55937
61596
58636
16.7
10.9
Gas
19790
27203
39372
42799
41167
8.5
22868 e
63922 e
14802 e
11863 e
13301
-5.8
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
35361
57400
57816
58051
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
14635
27291
11444
11943
..
..
Gas
19790
27203
37335
41672
..
..
of which:
936 e
2906 e
-
9037 e
-
4436 e
-
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
21932
61016
93456
87749
..
..
Coal
41161
29542
..
..
Oil
44493
49653
..
..
Gas
2037
1127
..
..
5765 e
7427 e
..
..
..
Autoproducers
21932 e
61016 e
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Korea
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
10.54
14.83
16.84
37.24
105.37
265.28
283.26
332.44
346.85
3.48
52.89
108.96
112.13
119.10
129.67
1.32
1.28
1.91
1.98
6.36
5.61
5.97
5.31
6.90
2.00
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
1.60
1.82
2.08
Geothermal
Solar
0.01 e
0.01 e
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02

Combustible Fuels
9.22
13.54
14.93
31.78
46.12
150.68 e
165.14 e
208.00
210.25
of which:
Coal
0.72
1.34
0.74
2.48
17.66
97.54
110.33
133.84
134.22
Oil
8.50
12.20
14.19
29.30
18.86
24.59
24.02
31.60
31.62
Gas
9.60
28.15
30.45
41.77
42.49
0.79
1.91
35.24
(1)
0.40 e
0.34 e
10.03
14.11
15.94
100.29
253.19
270.55
317.85
331.33
Nuclear
..
..
3.31 e
50.37
103.50
106.62
113.07
123.28
Hydro
..
..
1.89 e
1.96 e
6.30
5.56
5.92
5.27
6.83
1.99
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
1.59
1.81
2.07
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
14.05 e
29.97 e
43.62
144.10
157.99

199.49 e
201.19
Korea
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
25
60
5728
10248
14538
28343
27113
27.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
5728
5728
-
10225
10225
-
14218
14218
-
27873
12583
5747
424
1
342
581
75
660
7460
27001
13600
8256
436
36
1208
235
460
40
1938
792
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
25
..
..
..
25
60
..
..
..
60
23
23
-
320
20
300
470
470
-
112
112
-
5.3
..
..
..
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Korea
(Mtoe)
1973
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
12.27
37.28
41.56
41.92
45.09
8.2
10.5
23.58 e
26.15 e
27.78
31.02
18.4
13.5
Combustible Fuels
3.19
7.28
Coal
0.34 e
0.84 e
5.95 e
Oil
Total
2.85
6.44
4.27
5.93
6.44
5.72
5.80
2.4
2.4
Gas
2.04
5.76
6.71
7.61 e
7.57 e
10.6
2.01 e
2.25 e
0.80 e
0.70 e
Total
..
7.26
10.21
Coal
..
0.82
3.90 e
Oil
..
6.44
Gas
..

32.82
35.57
37.29
40.66
..
11.2
20.96 e
22.18 e
23.95
27.54
..
16.2
4.27
5.93
6.44
5.72
5.80
..
2.4
2.04
5.76
6.71
7.14 e
7.09 e
..
10.1
0.17 e
0.24 e
0.47 e
0.23 e
..
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.91
13.78
28.40
29.22
31.04
33.79
7.1
Nuclear
0.91
13.78
28.40
29.22
31.04
33.79
7.1
Geothermal
Solar
0.11
0.17
0.11
0.17
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Thermal
Total
0.00 e
0.00 e
0.00
0.00
0.55
0.35
0.36
0.28
0.42
9.9
-2.0
0.55
0.34
0.36
0.28
0.42
9.9
-2.0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Korea
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

1865
7706
36155
38683
39851
46082
15.0
33967
164293
877723
987413
1086877
1153192
16.6
2421
11770
87114
95400
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
118022 e
120276 e
18.5
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)

6704
4433
5086
5599
5266
5225
-1.1
291058
192461
209032
231681
218148
217558
-1.3
29297
18857
21404
24002
21081
23394
-1.0
Fuel Input (TJ)
102859
131131
163711
235139
233672
9604
17530
20694
29410
29653
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
325025
459613
1217886
1382805
1540164
1604422
7.2

31718
40231
126048
140096
168513
173323
7.7

Fuel Input (TJ)

Korea
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2130
52750
3850
18407
2641
86099
3287
40356
1855
51279
2438
29029
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
85897
5891
-
109369
10424
-
114712
11076
-
93317
12529
805
98355
11508
513
23.8
25.7
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
724 e
60 e
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
941
38581
3189
13272
955
39144
17
25476 e
8071
228567
10522
46457
2414
109272
8229
56146

Fuel Input (TJ)
119605
10623
27203
133827
9754
43174 e
115153
12364
32667
133523
12839
40916

Fuel Input (TJ)
15049
1655
4677
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
7110
396
2906
8361
342
3882
9935
258
3732
417413
36927
135013
31.8
32.2
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
724 e
85897
274665
348794
60 e
5891
24632
25039
43381
90939 e
8084
239
2408 e
16331 e
546 e
6651 e
547551 e
39487 e
129344 e
Korea
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
406
185
250
157
Fuel Input (TJ)
16646
7567
10221
6421
14019
6432
9480
5450
Fuel Input (TJ)
7769
2137
6705
1883
Fuel Input (TJ)
2763
2594
2210
2075
Fuel Input (TJ)
14720
17933
11776
15406
Fuel Input (TJ)
58158
63559
7090
1800
45732
50135
4015
1640
1622
1693
2120
2554
1298
1354
1728
1814
93909
93346
27200
12912

75035
75402
21928
10787
Peat
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Korea
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
17.40
31.36
63.98
126.18
128.80
138.03
140.57
8.0
6.2
6.49
9.74
11.37
6.69
7.23
8.88
8.16
3.4
-2.5
9.81
18.81
43.82
86.11
85.25
86.80
87.62
9.2
5.5
0.67
10.92
11.52
13.09
14.01
26.3
0.11
0.11
0.02
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
21.0
1.10
2.82
8.12
20.08
21.53
25.87
27.35
12.5
9.8
2.22
3.12
3.34
3.37
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
7.12
12.83
24.31
55.98
57.76
63.62
64.11
7.5
7.7
0.39
1.35
2.71
6.12
6.65
8.33
7.60
12.1
8.3
5.97
9.53
16.56
36.06
35.31
35.97
36.30
6.2
6.2
0.07
2.88
3.12
3.45
3.74
35.4
0.02
0.02
0.76
1.95
4.97
10.92
11.37
13.80
14.49
11.7
8.6
1.32
2.06
1.96
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.60
5.08
14.93
30.03
31.08
33.18
34.13
10.8
6.6
0.01
0.00
2.58
5.04
14.84
29.85
30.88
32.91
33.80
10.8
6.5
0.07
0.13
0.00
0.00
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.01
0.03
0.09
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.20
12.9
6.6
0.01
0.43
1.68
3.67
3.90
3.80
3.41
37.9
5.6
0.41
1.55
3.20
3.36
3.25
2.88
4.9
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.13
0.46
0.51
0.53
0.51
18.4
11.4
Korea
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
17.17
9.37
1.81
0.04
0.00
5.86
0.10
15.95
7.72
2.02
0.04
0.00
6.09
0.08 e
16.90
7.36
1.68
0.00
7.71
0.15
17.23
7.11
1.65
0.01
0.00
0.00
8.32
0.14
14.4
-7.3
15.8
12.5
-
5.4
-0.0
21.2
10.3
14.6
-
12.45
8.64 e
1.82
0.46 e
0.00
1.53
-
14.57
0.57 e
3.92
6.23
0.06
0.04
2.67
1.07
15.68
0.58 e
4.46
6.36
0.07
0.04
3.37
0.80 e
17.61
0.56
4.37
7.88
0.03
3.64
1.13
17.98
0.56
3.83
8.47
0.03
3.83
1.26
4.2
2.2
20.9
15.4
-
2.9
-19.0
5.9
25.0
22.1
7.3
-
0.92
0.92
-
1.07
1.07
-
2.53
1.48
-
2.10
1.19
-
1.07
1.07
0.00
-
1.16
1.16
-
6.8
6.8
-
0.7
0.7
-
1.05
0.91 e
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.88
0.10
0.59
0.19
-
2.55
0.09 e
2.10
0.35
-
8.69
0.03 e
7.12
0.14 e
0.00
1.41
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
6.19
5.99 e
0.07
0.13
-
9.23
8.30 e
0.48
0.46
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.35
0.35
-
Heat
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Korea
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
17.40
31.36
38.72
63.98
105.95
126.18
128.80
138.03
140.57
Total Industry
7.12
12.83
13.67
24.31
42.84
55.98
57.76
63.62
64.11
Iron and Steel
0.50
1.30
1.60
1.88
3.10
3.94
3.64
7.62
7.73
1.09
3.21
4.70
9.61
20.93
29.99
30.95
32.49
34.07
TFC
0.15
0.21
0.17
0.16
0.23
0.32
Non-ferrous Metals
0.10
0.68
2.51
3.68
5.52
5.08
5.20
5.60
5.95
Transport Equipment
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.51
1.53
1.51
2.19
2.12
Machinery
0.03
0.20
0.85
1.84
2.75
3.40
3.61
3.10
3.35
0.04
0.06
0.15
0.20
0.16
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
Food and Tobacco
0.06
0.13
0.85
1.29
1.76
1.52
1.53
1.65
1.71
0.05
0.13
0.59
1.11
1.77
1.93
1.86
2.13
2.09
0.03
0.05
0.12
0.15
0.17
0.22
0.20
0.20

Construction
0.39
0.51
0.38
0.45
0.42
0.50
0.53
Textile and Leather
0.13
0.39
1.54
2.32
2.59
3.30
3.61
3.65
3.55
Non Specified/Other
5.10
6.66
0.42
1.58
3.01
4.35
4.90
4.11
2.35
73.92
10.03
18.21
24.55
38.82
61.52
67.97
68.71
72.55
Agriculture
0.01
0.43
0.84
1.68
2.95
3.67
3.90
3.80
3.41
0.88
2.55
3.34
8.69
18.66
17.17
15.95
16.90
17.23
Residential
6.19
9.23
12.56
12.45
9.58
14.57
15.68
17.61
17.98
Transport
2.60
5.08
7.03
14.93
27.01
30.03
31.08
33.18
34.13

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.35
0.92
0.78
1.07
3.34
2.53
2.10
1.07
1.16
0.25
0.32
0.50
0.86
1.59
2.23
2.33
1.86
2.54
1.10
2.82
4.36
8.12
14.04
20.08
21.53
25.87
27.35
Total Industry
0.76
1.95
2.76
4.97
8.00
10.92
11.37
13.80
14.49
Iron and Steel
0.11
0.40
0.52
0.87
1.38
2.04
2.11
3.36
3.37
0.18
0.37
0.49
0.94
1.63
2.31
2.28
2.67
3.27
0.03
0.04
0.10
0.22
0.30
0.48
0.80
0.77
0.80
0.86
0.89
Transport Equipment
0.72
0.79
Machinery
0.03
0.20
0.41
1.04
1.92
2.87
3.12
2.54
2.88
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.10
Food and Tobacco
0.06
0.13
0.17
0.30
0.44
0.53
0.57
0.60
0.63
0.05
0.13
0.18
0.33
0.54
0.76
0.74
0.85
0.85
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.13
0.13
Non-ferrous Metals

Construction
Textile and Leather
0.13
0.39
0.55
0.82
1.06
1.33
1.35
1.39
1.34
Non Specified/Other
0.07
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.09
0.12
0.14
0.55
0.19
0.34
0.86
1.60
3.15
6.04
9.17
10.17
12.07
12.86
Agriculture
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.13
0.29
0.46
0.51
0.53
0.51
0.19
0.35
0.66
1.41
3.18
5.86
6.09
7.71
8.32
Residential
0.13
0.46
0.83
1.53
2.43
2.67
3.37
3.64
3.83
Transport
0.01
0.03
0.06
0.09
0.14
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.20

Korea
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
12.83
32.74
94.38
233.54
250.37
300.79
318.06
12.5
9.8
Industry
8.85
22.72
57.79
126.95
132.16
160.44
168.51
11.7
8.6
Transport
0.13
0.40
1.01
2.04
2.26
2.27
2.33
12.9
6.6
Agriculture
0.08
0.19
1.46
5.31
5.99
6.16
5.94
18.4
11.4
2.22
4.11
16.39
68.14
70.76
89.64
96.71
12.5
14.6
Residential
Energy(1)
1.55
5.32
17.74
31.10
39.21
42.28
44.57
15.4
7.3
1.10
2.82
8.12
20.08
21.53
25.87
27.35
12.5
9.8


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
8.85
22.72
57.79
126.95
132.16
160.44
168.51
11.7
8.6
Iron and Steel
1.31
4.68
10.06
23.75
24.56
39.08
39.23
12.8
11.0
2.05
4.28
10.92
26.90
26.49
31.02
38.04
10.3
10.1
0.39
0.46
1.14
2.61
5.63
8.98
9.35
9.96
10.33
9.8
4.8
Non-Ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
90-03
8.41
9.24
0.38
2.31
12.09
33.35
36.31
29.55
33.51
22.6
8.2
0.44
0.67
1.01
1.00
1.07
1.16
1.21
5.0
1.4
Food and Tobacco
0.71
1.52
3.54
6.15
6.65
7.00
7.28
9.9
5.7
0.58
1.53
3.88
8.84
8.59
9.86
9.86
11.8
7.4
0.34
0.62
1.14
1.73
1.46
1.49
7.0

Construction
1.47
4.55
9.51
15.50
15.75
16.15
15.63
11.6
3.9
Non Specified/Other
0.77
0.23
0.53
1.35
1.65
6.41
2.24
-2.2
11.8

0.76
1.95
4.97
10.92
11.37
13.80
14.49
11.7
8.6
Korea
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
32.18
48.45
50.90
53.80
54.67
Nuclear
8.62
13.72
13.72
15.72
15.72
Hydro
3.09
3.15
3.91
3.88
3.88
1.60
1.60
2.30
2.30
2.30
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
20.48
31.59
33.27
34.21
35.08

of which:
Single-fired:
6.80
12.74
14.24
..
15.93
Liquid Fuels
6.12
4.87
4.87
..
4.53
Natural Gas
4.49
6.30
6.30
..
1.54
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
1.02
1.29
1.29
..
Solid / Natural Gas
2.05
6.39
6.57
..
13.09
Type of Generation
Steam
14.03
20.06
21.56
21.75
20.21
Internal Combustion
0.26
0.27
0.27
0.28
0.25
Gas Turbine
1.54
Combined Cycle
6.18
11.26
11.44
12.19
13.09
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
29.88
41.01
43.13
45.77
47.39
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
31.97
46.08
48.70
52.11
55.49
Korea
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
5.24
5.87
5.15
6.01
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
Combustible Fuels
5.23
5.85
5.13
5.98
AUTOPRODUCERS
of which:
Single-fired:
0.09 e
0.10 e
0.09
0.48
Liquid Fuels
3.66 e
4.09 e
3.59
5.15
Natural Gas
0.10 e
0.12 e
0.10
0.29
0.48 e
0.54 e
0.47
0.07
0.31
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.32 e
0.36 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.58 e
0.65 e
Type of Generation
Steam
0.57
..
4.87 e
5.45 e
3.17
5.37
Internal Combustion
0.05
0.05
Gas Turbine
1.41
0.44
Combined Cycle
0.36 e
0.41 e
0.50
0.13
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Korea
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
327745
..
..
343893
..
..
359186
..
..
387970
..
..
341401
..
..
358222
..
..
374152
..
..
404135
..

South Korean Wons/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
..
..
152225
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
..
..
158568
..
..
196822
..
..
92585
..
..
311681
..
South Korean Wons/ toe

..
205023
..
..
96443
..
..
324668
..

South Korean Wons/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
20.72
..
49.30
..
66.60
..
49.50
..
58.30
..
61.56
..
59.02
..
60.30
..
60.23
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
32.20
..
59.60
..
73.60
..
68.10
..
94.72
..
91.57
..
87.01
..
88.00
..
90.94
..

Luxembourg
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
4.50
3.64
3.57
3.68
4.04
4.26
4.75
-1.4
2.1
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
6.50
7.08
11.49
19.60
20.40
20.99
21.90
3.4
4.7
0.69
0.51
0.31
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.22
-4.6
-2.5
0.35
0.36
0.38
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.5
1.2
12.83
10.01
9.35
8.39
9.06
9.47
10.46
-1.8
0.8
100
74
45
27
29
29
31
-4.6
-2.5
100
111
79
64
61
63
..
-1.4
..
8456
9830
10807
13025
12724
13371
..
1.5
..
1.39
0.92
0.62
0.43
2.79
2.78
2.94
-4.6
11.7
TPES/population(2)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
4.50
3.64
3.57
3.68
4.04
4.26
4.75
-1.4
2.1
Coal
2.44
1.82
1.13
0.13
0.09
0.08
0.09
-4.4
-16.3
Oil
1.67
1.12
1.64
2.34
2.54
2.74
3.09
-0.1
4.6
Gas
0.22
0.42
0.43
0.67
1.05
1.06
1.20
4.1
7.6
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.06
6.3
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
TPES (Mtoe)
Hydro
90-04
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
2.4
2.9
0.18
0.24
0.34
0.49
0.30
0.32
0.29
3.9
-1.1
Heat

Luxembourg
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
1.1
0.8
0.3
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.0
0.9
0.8
Nuclear
Hydro
2003
of which:
1.0
0.8
0.2
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.9
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
1.3
1.3
0.8
0.6
0.3
0.3
2.7
2.7
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.3
2.6
2.6
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Gross Production
2.3
2.2
1.1
1.4
1.2
1.2
3.7
3.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
Net Production(1)
2.3
2.1
1.1
1.3
1.1
1.2
3.6
3.6
Used for Heat Pumps

1.4
1.1
0.3
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.1
6.5
Imports
2.8
2.8
3.0
4.7
6.5
6.4
6.4
Exports
1.0
0.8
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.7
2.9
2.8
2.7
3.1
3.6
4.2
5.9
5.8
5.9
6.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.6
3.0
3.6
4.1
5.7
5.6
5.7
6.0
1.3
1.4
0.9
0.6
0.4
0.5
2.8
2.8
4.1
4.2
4.0
5.3
6.9
6.9
7.1
7.3
3.6
4.1
5.7
5.6
5.7
6.0
2.6
3.0

Luxembourg
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
1.24
0.92
0.62
0.43
2.79
2.78
2.94
-4.2
Coal
0.71
0.47
0.48
-2.5
Oil
0.33
0.10
0.01
-20.1
Gas
11.7
0.12
0.22
0.03
0.23
2.59
2.61
2.71
-7.6
36.7
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.08
5.9
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.07
0.12
0.11
0.08
0.10
-1.1
2.9
0.84
0.19
0.75
0.74
0.88
0.84
0.75
-0.7
-0.0
Total
0.08
0.13
0.10
0.17
2.44
2.38
..
1.2
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
2.28
2.26
..
..
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.05
0.05
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
0.08
0.10
0.07
0.11
0.11
0.07
..
-1.3
..
0.84
0.19
0.75
0.74
0.88
0.84
..
-0.7
..
Total
1.16
0.79
0.52
0.27
0.36
0.40
..
-4.9
..
Coal
0.71
0.47
0.48
..
-2.5
..
Oil
0.33
0.10
0.01
..
-20.1
..
Gas
0.12
0.22
0.03
0.23
0.32
0.35
..
-7.6
..
Hydro
of which:
Hydro
Autoproducers
0.00
0.01
0.02
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.03
0.03
0.03
..
..
Hydro
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
..
..
..
..

Luxembourg
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
580
1127
1528
1948
1979
80-95 95-04
-
14.6
Coal
Oil
Gas
580
1121
1480
1861
1874
13.9
48
87
105
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
of which:
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
580
1127
1528
1948
..
..
Coal
..
..
Autoproducers
Oil
..
..
Gas
580
1121
1480
1861
..
..
48
87
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Luxembourg
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.35
2.19
2.08
1.11
1.38
1.18
1.24
3.68
3.62
1.07
0.84
0.92
0.29
0.82
0.86
0.88
0.99
0.92
0.84
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.79
0.84
0.19
0.75
0.74
0.74
0.88
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03

Combustible Fuels
1.28
1.35
1.16
0.82
0.55
0.29
0.34
2.66
2.68
of which:
Coal
0.84
0.82
0.71
0.47
0.48
Oil
0.43
0.39
0.33
0.10
0.01
Gas
0.01
0.14
0.12
0.22
0.03
0.23
0.28
2.59
2.61
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07

2.27
2.11
2.01
1.05
1.33
1.15
1.18
3.62
3.56
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
0.91
0.28
0.82
0.85
0.86
0.98
0.91
0.83
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.83
0.19
0.75
0.74
0.74
0.88
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.03
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
1.10
0.78
0.52
0.27
0.30
2.61
2.63

Luxembourg
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
1096
752
489
250
292
328
373
-3.6
3
3
31
31
30
30
30
30
31
31
1096
1096
-
752
670
55
27
-
486
464
22
-
142
142
-
169
169
-
167
167
-
171
171
-
-6.2
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
77
5
72
93
1
8
84
131
1
9
121
171
1
15
155
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Luxembourg
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
0.44
0.27
0.19
0.08
0.09
0.45
0.47
-4.8
Coal
0.29
0.16
0.15
-3.7
Oil
0.11
0.02
0.00
-19.2
Gas
0.04
0.07
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.42
0.43
-8.2
34.0
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
2.8
Total
..
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.38
0.38
..
23.4
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
0.36
0.35
..
..
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
..
1.85
7.2

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
2.4
3.0
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
2.4
0.7
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Luxembourg
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

15
440
27
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
6167
6378
447
477
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
24
1005
117
100
3107
448
16581
16317
7.5
216
34
2276
2259
10.7
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
858
1036
1151
1178
1119
1314
1.9
30
34
52
51
52
48
2.1
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
11577
7979
1151
1178
17700
17631
1.8

820
554
52
51
2328
2307
4.6

Fuel Input (TJ)

Luxembourg
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
2195
230
1121
2746
279
1384
2960
318
1480
3722
352
1861

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
84
8
42
96
9
48
173
17
87
2830
287
1426
3056
327
1528
3895
369
1948

Fuel Input (TJ)
23
4
6
Fuel Input (TJ)
2218
234
1127
Luxembourg
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
2.94
2.80
2.96
3.62
3.76
3.81
4.03
0.0
2.4
0.98
1.04
0.55
0.13
0.11
0.09
0.08
-3.4
-13.9
1.53
1.09
1.64
2.34
2.48
2.54
2.74
0.4
4.1
0.18
0.36
0.42
0.62
0.64
0.63
0.63
5.2
3.2
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.26
0.31
0.35
0.49
0.48
0.49
0.52
2.0
2.9
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.06
1.64
1.32
0.96
0.92
0.88
0.89
-2.6
-3.0
0.94
1.02
0.54
0.12
0.11
0.09
0.08
-3.2
-13.9
0.78
0.17
0.28
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.05
-5.9
-12.2
0.14
0.25
0.28
0.41
0.41
0.40
0.40
4.2
2.8
0.20
0.21
0.23
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.34
0.6
3.3
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.29
0.51
1.03
1.92
2.03
2.18
2.39
7.7
6.7
0.29
0.50
1.03
1.92
2.03
2.17
2.38
7.7
6.7
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
2.8
5.3
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-0.6
0.4
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-5.5
1.4
0.01
0.01
0.01 e
-
0.01 e
-
0.01
0.01
-0.4
Luxembourg
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.04
0.04
-
0.06
0.06
-
0.09
0.09 e
-
0.09
0.09 e
-
0.09
0.09
-
0.10
0.10
-
3.3
3.3
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.51
0.03
0.42
0.04
0.02
-
0.54
0.02
0.36
0.11
0.04
-
0.51
0.01
0.31
0.14
0.06
-
0.60
0.00
0.31
0.21
0.02
0.00
0.06 e
0.01
0.67
0.00
0.35
0.23
0.02
0.00
0.06 e
0.01
0.62
0.00
0.30
0.23
0.02
0.00
0.06
0.02
0.63
0.00
0.29
0.24
0.02
0.00
0.06
0.02
-0.0
-9.7
-1.9
8.0
6.6
-
1.6
-17.6
-0.4
4.0
1.1
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.03
0.00
0.03
0.00
0.00
-
0.02
0.02
-
0.02
0.02
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.00
0.00
-
Heat
2000
2001
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Luxembourg
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2.94
2.80
2.53
2.96
3.04
3.62
3.76
3.81
4.03
Total Industry
2.06
1.64
1.30
1.32
1.00
0.96
0.92
0.88
0.89
Iron and Steel
1.84
1.37
0.97
0.90
0.50
0.35
0.35
0.38
0.37
0.08
0.09
0.11
0.09
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.06
Non-ferrous Metals
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.06
0.05
TFC
Transport Equipment
2003
Machinery
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
Food and Tobacco
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Construction
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
Textile and Leather
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
Non Specified/Other
0.08
0.04
0.07
0.15
0.23
0.33
0.31
0.27
0.27
0.85
1.11
1.20
1.62
2.01
2.65
2.83
2.91
3.13
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
Residential
0.51
0.54
0.53
0.51
0.57
0.60
0.67
0.62
0.63
Transport
0.29
0.51
0.61
1.03
1.34
1.92
2.03
2.18
2.39
Agriculture

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.03
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.26
0.31
0.33
0.35
0.43
0.49
0.48
0.49
0.52
Total Industry
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.27
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.34
Iron and Steel
0.16
0.14
0.11
0.10
0.13
0.17 e
0.16
0.17
0.16
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.03 e
0.03 e
0.03
0.03
Non-ferrous Metals
0.00
0.00
Transport Equipment
Machinery
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.06 e
0.06 e
0.06
0.07
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 e
0.00 e
0.00
0.00
Food and Tobacco
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01 e
0.01 e
0.01
0.01
Construction
Textile and Leather
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03 e
0.03 e
0.03
0.04
Non Specified/Other
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03 e
0.03 e
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.18
Agriculture
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01 e
0.01 e
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.08
0.09 e
0.09 e
0.09
0.10
Residential
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06 e
0.06 e
0.06
0.06
Transport
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

0.03
Luxembourg
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
2.97
3.58
4.13
5.72
5.63
5.67
6.02
2.0
2.9
Industry
2.37
2.47
2.62
3.85
3.69
3.69
3.98
0.6
3.3
Transport
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
2.8
5.3
Agriculture
0.08
0.08
0.07 e
0.08 e
0.08
0.08
-0.4
0.52
0.73
1.00 e
1.04 e
1.06
1.11
3.3
Residential
Energy(1)
0.22
0.47
0.65
0.70 e
0.72 e
0.74
0.75
6.6
1.1
0.35
0.49
0.52
2.0
2.9
0.26
0.31
0.35
0.49 e
0.48 e

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
2.37
2.47
2.62
3.85
3.69
3.69
3.98
0.6
90-03
3.3
Iron and Steel
1.89
1.57
1.19
1.92 e
1.90
1.96
1.87
-2.7
3.6
0.20
0.47
0.56
0.33 e
0.31 e
0.30
0.36
6.2
-3.3
Non-Ferrous Metals
0.00
0.05
Transport Equipment
Machinery
0.04
0.10
0.36
0.71 e
0.66 e
0.64
0.78
14.8
6.0
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01 e
0.01 e
0.01
0.02
-4.3
-2.6
Food and Tobacco
0.03
0.05
0.06
0.09 e
0.09 e
0.08
0.10
3.6
4.4
Construction
0.02
0.16
0.22
0.39 e
0.36 e
0.35
0.43
15.1
5.3
Non Specified/Other
0.09
0.09
0.21
0.39 e
0.36 e
0.35
0.42
4.8
5.7
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.34
0.6
3.3

0.20
0.21
0.23
Luxembourg
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.83
3.03
3.95
4.68
5.75
6.46
6.39
6.38
6.48
3.95
4.68
5.75
6.46
6.39
6.38
6.48
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
1.08
0.82
1.43
2.02
2.02
1.75
1.87
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
2.86
3.86
4.32
4.44
4.37
4.63
4.61
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
2.83
3.03
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
3.03
Others
2.83
Luxembourg
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.79
0.19
0.42
0.75
0.74
0.74
0.74
2.94
2.78
0.42
0.75
0.74
0.74
0.74
2.94
2.78
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
2.06
1.95
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
0.42
0.75
0.74
0.74
0.74
0.88
0.83
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.79
0.19
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.19
Others
0.79
Luxembourg
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.91
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.49
1.49

Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.91
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.13
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.36
0.36
Hydro
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
Natural Gas
0.35
0.35
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
0.01
Type of Generation
Steam
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
0.35
0.35
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
0.59
0.60
..
0.65
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Luxembourg
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.17
0.17
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.11
0.14
Nuclear
Hydro
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity

Combustible Fuels
0.17
0.17
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.07
0.07 e
0.08
0.09
of which:
Single-fired:
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.03
Liquid Fuels
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
Natural Gas
0.02
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.00
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.07 e
Solid / Natural Gas
0.10
0.10
0.06
0.06
0.09

Type of Generation
Steam
0.09
Internal Combustion
0.01
0.05
0.05 e
0.07
0.08
Gas Turbine
0.01
0.02
0.02 e
0.02
0.02
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Luxembourg
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
..
..
131.73
..
..
..
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
..
..
136.51
..
..
..
..
Euro/ toe

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0273
-
0.0341
-
0.0614
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0535
0.0026
0.0620
0.0029
0.0987
0.0056
0.1026
0.0058
0.1077
0.0061
0.1091
0.0062
0.1185
0.0067
0.1262
0.0071
0.1253
0.0143

Mexico
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
53.20
97.13
124.34
150.37
155.61
159.94
163.78
5.1
2.0
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
223.45
345.60
413.37
580.69
584.52
592.13
617.10
3.7
2.9
0.24
0.28
0.30
0.26
0.27
0.27
0.27
1.4
-0.9
TPES/population(2)
53.60
66.10
81.25
98.66
101.40
102.71
104.04
2.5
1.8
0.99
1.47
1.53
1.52
1.53
1.56
1.57
2.6
0.2
100
118
126
109
112
113
111
1.4
-0.9
100
117
172
198
203
200
..
3.2
..
589
865
1234
1644
1651
1627
..
4.4
..
37.10
66.96
122.68
204.37
215.16
218.65
256.16
7.3
5.4
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
53.20
97.13
124.34
150.37
155.61
159.94
163.78
5.1
2.0
1.84
2.37
3.47
6.85
7.43
8.20
7.56
3.8
5.7
Oil
33.10
66.47
83.34
91.83
92.34
91.71
94.04
5.6
0.9
Gas
10.49
19.13
23.12
33.51
38.33
41.97
43.67
4.8
4.6
6.21
6.88
7.34
7.99
8.11
8.22
8.31
1.0
0.9
0.77
2.14
2.54
2.74
2.40
8.5
Geothermal
0.14
0.79
4.41
5.07
4.64
5.40
5.65
22.6
1.8
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.07
Hydro
1.39
1.45
2.02
2.85
2.15
1.71
2.17
2.2
0.5
0.03
0.05
-0.12
0.08
0.02
-0.07
-0.08
-2.5
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Comb. Renew & Waste

Nuclear
Heat

Mexico
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.9
8.2
8.7
9.7
10.5
14.4
16.2
16.9
23.5
33.1
28.5
25.0
19.9
Nuclear
Hydro
of which:
0.2
0.9
5.1
5.9
5.6
5.4
6.3
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.7
20.8
49.2
91.1
157.1
166.8
175.0
181.9
0.2
0.2
7.8
19.1
23.2
26.1
31.2
11.0
15.3
38.8
70.4
97.2
92.7
79.3
70.8
5.5
5.3
10.4
13.0
40.4
50.4
69.1
77.5
Geothermal
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
0.4
0.5
0.5
2.5
31.0
37.1
67.0
122.7
204.4
209.6
215.2
218.7
1.0
1.2
3.0
6.1
10.2
10.6
11.0
11.0
30.0
35.9
64.0
116.6
194.2
199.0
204.1
207.6
Used for Heat Pumps

0.2
0.1
Imports
0.3
0.6
0.6
1.1
0.3
0.5
Exports
1.9
0.2
0.3
0.3
1.0
30.2
36.2
64.6
115.2
195.1
199.1
204.3
206.8
4.3
4.6
7.5
15.0
28.7
30.4
31.3
33.5
4.2
5.5
5.7
6.2
25.9
31.6
57.2
100.2
162.1
163.2
167.3
167.0
31.0
37.1
67.0
122.7
204.4
209.6
215.2
218.7
31.2
37.4
67.6
121.3
205.2
209.7
215.4
217.8
57.2
100.2
166.4
168.7
173.0
173.2
25.9
31.6

Mexico
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
40.98
66.96
122.68
204.37
215.16
218.65
256.16
7.1
Coal
0.22
7.77
19.09
26.10
31.22
24.11
24.9
8.4
18.67
38.80
70.35
97.16
79.31
70.80
81.62
8.6
1.1
16.2
Oil
Gas
5.4
4.92
10.37
13.01
40.39
69.13
77.47
106.96
6.3
0.44
0.47
2.45
2.45
Nuclear
2.94
8.22
9.75
10.50
9.19
8.5
0.46
0.92
5.12
5.90
5.40
6.28
6.58
16.2
1.8
Geothermal
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
16.71
16.89
23.48
33.13
24.95
19.88
25.20
2.1
0.5
Total
38.01
61.87
114.25
192.76
201.25
203.74
..
7.1
..
Coal
0.22
7.77
18.55
25.68
30.54
..
24.9
..
15.80
33.85
62.06
93.91
76.33
67.24
..
8.9
..
4.92
10.37
13.01
33.10
59.23
69.42
..
6.3
..
..
..
Nuclear
2.94
8.22
9.75
10.50
..
..
0.46
0.92
5.12
5.90
5.40
6.28
..
16.2
..
0.01
0.01
0.01
..
..
16.60
16.74
23.34
33.08
24.86
19.75
..
2.2
..
..
..
Total
2.98
5.09
8.43
11.61
13.91
14.92
..
6.7
..
Coal
0.54
0.42
0.68
..
..
2.87
4.95
8.29
3.25
2.99
3.56
..
6.9
..
7.29
9.90
8.06
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Oil
Gas
Geothermal
Hydro
Autoproducers
Oil
Gas
0.44
0.47
2.45
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.03
0.04
0.04
..
..
0.11
0.15
0.14
0.06
0.09
0.13
..
1.7
..
..
..
Hydro

Mexico
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
31.04
37.10
40.98
66.96
122.68
204.37
209.62
215.16
218.65
2.94
8.22
8.73
9.75
10.50
14.38
16.19
16.71
16.89
23.48
33.13
28.50
24.95
19.88
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
Geothermal
0.16
0.46
0.92
5.12
5.90
5.57
5.40
6.28
Solar
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01

Combustible Fuels
16.66
20.75
23.81
49.16
91.14
157.08
166.78
175.01
181.94
of which:
Coal
Oil
Gas
(1)
0.16
0.21
0.22
7.77
19.09
23.17
26.10
31.22
11.02
15.26
18.67
38.80
70.35
97.16
92.74
79.31
70.80
5.47
5.29
4.92
10.37
13.01
40.39
50.36
69.13
77.47
0.44
0.50
0.47
2.45
30.02
35.86
39.51
64.01
116.55
194.20
199.01
204.11
207.62
Nuclear
..
..
2.81
7.90
8.36
9.35
10.03
Hydro
..
..
16.63
16.80
23.40
32.68
28.09
24.59
19.60
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.44
0.87
4.93
5.63
5.31
5.16
5.99
Solar
..
..
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
22.44
46.34
85.41
147.95
157.20
164.96
171.96

Mexico
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
2834
4851
8030
10939
11687
13113
14194
5.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4225
4225
5510
2016
1202
2292
-
5652
2058
1133
2461
-
6241
2433
1059
2749
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
6672
936
1857
182
889
835
1973
6130
750
2648
173
926
789
167
677
7412
712
2818
159
976
819
206
1722
6362
652
1324
137
1021
776
173
2279
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2834
..
..
..
2834
4851
..
..
..
4851
8030
..
..
..
8030
42
42
-
47
7
40
-
49
8
41
-
1591
19
42
1530
-2.0
..
..
..
-2.1
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Mexico
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total
5.61
12.62
21.28
39.37
40.58
42.25
43.33
8.2
5.6
Coal
0.05
1.73
4.78
5.48
5.98
6.73
23.1
11.0
Oil
3.95
9.78
16.12
22.95
21.89
19.68
17.34 e
8.6
0.6
Gas
1.61
2.84
3.43
10.82
12.36
15.75
18.17
4.6
13.7
0.82
0.85
0.84
1.09
Total
..
12.62
21.28
35.28
36.56
37.96
38.38
..
4.6
Coal
..
1.73
4.37
5.12
5.64
6.43
..
10.7
Oil
..
9.78
16.12
22.95
21.89
19.68
17.34 e
..
0.6
Gas
..
2.84
3.43
7.96
9.56
12.63
14.60
..
11.8
..
..
Combustible Fuels


(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.14
0.79
5.17
7.22
7.06
7.18
8.14
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Thermal
Total
23.7
3.6
0.77
2.14
2.27
2.54
2.74
10.3
0.14
0.79
4.41
5.07
4.79
4.64
5.40
22.6
1.6
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.39
1.45
2.02
2.85
2.45
2.15
1.71
2.2
-1.3
1.39
1.45
2.02
2.85
2.45
2.15
1.71
2.2
-1.3
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Mexico
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
3970
9566
11398
12179
13882
Fuel Input (TJ)
76044
183055
226992
264102
307973
7774
18547
22739
25680
30540
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
17461
15437
14121
12550
541
433
418
678
Peat

10531
18751
25961
24461
21063
18710
2.5
426631
755379
1066185
1003403
870108
773439
2.6
38795
70354
97159
92744
79314
70797
2.6
132000
159666
503303
575104
733023
845448
8.4
10366
13014
40387
50358
69132
77474
9.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
33897
35431
34779
45082
433
492
458
2434
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
257
251
301
420
12
20
558631
991089
1804158
1856618
1916434
1984912
5.7

49161
91142
157076
166775
175014
181943
5.9
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Mexico
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
40.44
67.50
88.41
96.23
94.25
95.07
96.78
4.7
0.7
1.37
1.61
1.56
1.38
1.05
0.99
1.04
0.7
-3.0
22.88
41.27
56.73
62.99
63.00
63.00
64.46
5.5
1.0
7.26
12.84
14.16
10.69
8.82
9.36
9.73
4.0
-2.8
6.21
6.88
7.34
7.18
7.29
7.27
7.13
1.0
-0.2
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
2.71
4.92
8.62
13.94
14.04
14.39
14.36
7.0
4.0
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
15.46
25.46
34.81
33.36
30.98
30.44
29.76
4.9
-1.2
1.37
1.61
1.53
1.38
1.05
0.99
1.04
0.7
-2.9
4.33
7.35
13.60
12.26
12.14
10.97
10.38
7.0
-2.1
6.87
12.37
13.35
10.01
8.09
8.51
8.79
4.0
-3.2
1.32
1.54
1.74
1.16
1.24
1.18
1.00
1.6
-4.2
1.56
2.60
4.59
8.55
8.47
8.79
8.56
6.6
4.9
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
13.09
24.36
31.43
37.49
38.11
39.32
41.63
5.3
2.2
13.06
24.33
31.36
37.40
38.01
39.21
41.52
5.3
2.2
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10
4.9
2.6
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.35
2.39
2.30
2.82
2.75
2.64
2.81
3.2
1.6
1.20
2.07
1.72
2.14
2.11
2.03
2.18
2.1
1.8
0.15
0.32
0.58
0.68
0.64
0.61
0.63
8.3
0.7
Mexico
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.48
0.48
-
1.54
0.86
0.68
-
2.25
1.32
0.93
-
3.46
1.73
0.17
0.04
1.51
-
3.55
1.77
0.18
0.05
1.55
-
3.65
1.79
0.23
0.06
1.58
-
3.00
1.11 e
0.19 e
0.07
1.64
-
9.5
6.1
-
2.2
-1.3
4.4
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
6.80
0.78
0.39
4.88
0.74
-
7.70
1.03
0.47
5.34
0.86
-
14.76
6.59
0.81
5.60
1.75
-
17.27
7.64
0.51
6.01
3.11
-
17.27
7.39
0.55
6.05
3.28
-
17.40
7.38
0.61
6.09
3.32
-
17.89
7.59
0.73 e
6.13
3.44
-
4.7
13.4
4.4
0.8
5.2
-
1.5
1.1
-0.8
0.7
5.3
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
2.25
2.02
0.23
4.30
3.88
0.42
0.69
0.69
-6.7
6.6
Heat
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Mexico
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
40.44
67.50
80.64
88.41
95.92
96.23
94.25
95.07
96.78
Total Industry
15.46
25.46
34.84
34.81
37.92
33.36
30.98
30.44
29.76
TFC
2003
Iron and Steel
2.43
3.20
4.40
4.68
5.44
5.71
4.48
4.01
4.07
2.94
7.12
12.61
14.32
14.28
10.37
9.53
8.89
8.92
Non-ferrous Metals
0.01
0.02
0.26
0.15
0.10
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.60
0.97
3.08
3.13
3.13
2.97
2.92
2.60
1.64
Transport Equipment
0.07
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.19
0.20
0.21
0.18
0.04
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.29
0.32
0.25
1.30
1.50
1.89
1.65
1.57
1.41
Food and Tobacco
1.35
1.59
2.68
3.31
3.51
2.42
2.47
2.37
2.21
0.18
0.31
1.07
1.36
1.15
0.85
0.78
0.72
0.73
Construction
0.14
0.14
0.19
0.18
0.18
0.19
Machinery
Textile and Leather
0.01
0.02
0.01
Non Specified/Other
7.59
11.82
10.39
6.27
8.55
8.61
8.61
9.73
10.28
23.97
40.30
43.74
51.42
57.17
61.04
61.68
63.01
65.34
Agriculture
1.35
2.39
2.30
2.30
2.36
2.82
2.75
2.64
2.81
0.48
1.54
1.84
2.25
3.38
3.46
3.55
3.65
3.00
Residential
6.80
7.70
7.84
14.76
16.70
17.27
17.27
17.40
17.89
13.09
41.63
Transport
24.36
25.74
31.43
34.74
37.49
38.11
39.32

Non-Energy Use(1)
2.25
4.30
6.02
0.69
1.01
1.74
2.06
2.18
0.83
1.83
1.59
1.62
1.68
2.71
4.92
6.68
8.62
10.28
13.94
14.04
14.39
14.36
Total Industry
1.56
2.60
3.53
4.59
5.89
8.55
8.47
8.79
8.56
Iron and Steel
0.38
0.70
0.72
0.88
0.70
0.63
0.64
0.10
0.76
0.72
0.71
0.68
0.68
0.57
Non-ferrous Metals
0.22
0.10
0.02
0.03
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.35
0.29
0.34
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.09
Transport Equipment
0.06
0.07
0.11
0.13
0.13
0.14
Machinery
0.41
0.47
0.51
0.49
0.48
0.43
Food and Tobacco
0.05
0.17
0.20
0.19
0.22
0.23
0.13
0.22
0.27
0.33
0.28
0.28
0.28
Construction
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
Textile and Leather
0.01
0.02
0.01
Non Specified/Other
1.56
2.60
2.35
1.96
3.09
5.30
5.44
5.81
6.06
1.16
2.32
3.14
4.02
4.39
5.39
5.56
5.60
5.81
0.15
0.32
0.43
0.58
0.58
0.68
0.64
0.61
0.63
0.68
0.81
0.93
1.28
1.51
1.55
1.58
1.64
Residential
0.74
0.86
1.23
1.75
2.45
3.11
3.28
3.32
3.44
Transport
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.10

0.23
0.42
0.63
0.69
Agriculture
Mexico
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
31.56
57.15
100.19
166.36
168.71
172.98
173.24
7.0
4.3
Industry
18.09
30.20
53.39
99.43
98.51
102.17
99.49
6.6
4.9
Transport
0.36
0.43
0.80
1.07
1.12
1.12
1.12
4.9
2.6
Agriculture
1.74
3.75
6.71
7.90
7.41
7.12
7.36
8.3
0.7
7.88
10.87
17.61
18.03
18.37
19.04
4.4
Residential
Energy(1)
8.65
10.04
20.39
36.13
38.13
38.56
40.00
5.2
5.3
4.23
5.51
5.65
6.24
2.72
4.85
8.03
6.6
2.71
4.92
8.62
14.31
14.51
14.88
14.90
7.0
4.3

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
18.09
30.20
53.39
99.43
98.51
102.17
99.49
6.6
90-03
4.9
8.19
10.26
8.11
7.32
7.47
-0.7
8.89
8.22
7.91
7.86
6.58
-2.3
Non-Ferrous Metals
1.20
0.31
0.97
0.93
0.88
-2.4
3.41
5.11
5.13
5.10
1.05
-8.6
Transport Equipment
0.74
1.32
1.48
1.46
1.62
6.2
Machinery
4.74
5.98
5.67
5.56
4.97
0.4
Food and Tobacco
0.55
2.37
2.19
2.54
2.67
12.9
1.8
2.57
3.80
3.28
3.26
3.23
Construction
0.30
0.40
0.38
0.38
0.40
2.3
0.17
0.21
0.17
Non Specified/Other
18.09
30.20
22.82
61.66
63.24
67.56
70.45
1.4
9.1

1.56
2.60
4.59
8.55
8.47
8.79
8.56
6.6
4.9
Mexico
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.32
0.62
0.14
0.58
1.16
1.07
0.33
0.55
0.09
0.32
0.62
0.14
0.58
1.16
1.07
0.33
0.55
0.09
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.32
0.62
0.14
0.58
1.16
1.07
0.33
0.55
0.09
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
United States
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Mexico
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.24
1.95
1.94
0.20
0.27
0.34
0.95
0.24
1.95
1.92
0.07
0.12
0.16
0.15
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.24
1.95
1.92
0.07
0.12
0.16
0.15
Total Non-OECD
0.02
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.80
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.02
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.80
Others
Mexico
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
8.37
14.63
20.81
25.30
33.04
36.70
39.71
41.31
44.99

Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.68
1.31
1.37
1.37
1.37
1.37
3.52
5.99
6.53
7.81
9.33
9.62
9.62
9.62
9.62
0.08
0.15
0.43
0.70
0.75
0.86
0.84
0.84
0.96
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Hydro
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
4.78
8.48
13.85
16.12
21.64
24.86
27.89
29.49
33.04
of which:
Single-fired:
0.90
1.20
2.25
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
Liquid Fuels
10.62
11.47
11.76
11.35
8.82
8.73
10.02
Natural Gas
2.33
3.45
1.59
4.20
6.83
5.15
4.68
2.10
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
2.10
2.10
Solid / Natural Gas
6.04
6.71
7.54
10.90
13.65
Type of Generation
Steam
3.26
6.62
10.50
12.57
17.94
18.98
18.98
18.98
18.98
Internal Combustion
0.39
0.14
0.11
0.09
0.13
0.12
0.14
0.14
0.14
Gas Turbine
0.97
1.19
1.79
1.78
1.68
2.36
2.38
2.89
2.89
Combined Cycle
0.13
0.54
1.45
1.69
1.89
3.40
6.38
7.47
11.03
Other
0.03
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
24.48
27.38
27.57
28.19
27.67
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
33.04
36.70
39.71
41.31
44.99
Mexico
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.55
2.24
2.60
2.97
2.82
3.82
3.83
4.51
4.57
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.03
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
1.52
2.17
2.53
2.89
2.81
3.79
3.79
4.47
4.52
0.21
of which:
Single-fired:
0.21
0.21
0.21
Liquid Fuels
1.52
2.17
2.53
2.89
2.81
0.33
0.33
0.38
0.39
Natural Gas
1.94
1.94
2.33
2.35
0.47
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.40
0.40
0.47
Solid / Natural Gas
0.93
0.93
1.09
1.10
1.09
1.41
1.47
1.73
2.53
1.79
1.79
2.48
2.51
0.42
0.54
0.66
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.23
0.28
Gas Turbine
0.22
0.33
0.93
0.28
1.86
1.86
1.26
1.23
Combined Cycle
0.08
0.13
0.02
0.02
0.50
0.50
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
Internal Combustion
Mexico
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
317.18
963.33
1527.11
325.54
1136.11
1185.32
346.46
1506.77
2214.71
..
..
..
693
943
1697
712
1112
1317
757
1475
2461
..
..
..

Mexican New Pesos/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
0.26
0.31
0.50
0.35
0.41
..
-
1
-
9.06
9.56
18.58
89.48
156.54
249.77
300.80
1091.46
1418.28
Mexican New Pesos/ toe

Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
20
9
21
196
153
278
657
1068
1576

Mexican New Pesos/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0005
-
0.0007
-
0.0072
-
0.1136
-
0.4808
-
0.4940
-
0.5420
-
0.6739
-
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0008
-
0.0012
0.0001
0.0100
0.0013
0.1302
0.0170
0.6455
0.0842
0.7017
0.0915
0.8912
0.1162
0.9815
0.1280
..
..

Netherlands
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
62.44
64.98
66.62
75.77
78.56
80.83
81.97
0.4
1.5
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
188.17
223.02
278.28
370.64
378.06
374.74
380.10
2.3
2.3
0.33
0.29
0.24
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.22
-1.9
-0.7
TPES/population(2)
13.44
14.15
14.95
15.92
16.15
16.22
16.31
0.6
0.6
4.65
4.59
4.46
4.76
4.87
4.98
5.03
-0.2
0.9
100
88
72
62
63
65
65
-1.9
-0.7
100
109
112
112
112
114
..
0.7
..
3301
4059
4920
6153
6180
6198
..
2.4
..
52.63
64.81
71.95
89.65
96.04
96.78
98.48
1.9
2.3
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
62.44
64.98
66.62
75.77
78.56
80.83
81.97
0.4
1.5
2.87
3.79
8.90
8.00
8.38
8.75
8.62
6.9
-0.2
Oil
30.91
29.48
24.35
28.60
29.85
31.53
31.95
-1.4
2.0
Gas
28.50
30.42
30.80
34.70
35.83
35.99
36.74
0.5
1.3
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Comb. Renew & Waste

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
90-04
0.23
0.85
1.71
1.95
1.90
2.07
6.6
0.29
1.09
0.91
1.02
1.02
1.05
1.00
7.0
0.6
0.01
0.10
0.11
0.15
0.20
26.7
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.1
-0.12
-0.03
0.79
1.63
1.41
1.46
1.39
4.1
Heat

Netherlands
(TWh)
Nuclear
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.4
1.1
4.2
3.5
3.9
4.0
3.9
4.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
-
Hydro
of which:
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.1
0.8
0.8
0.9
1.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
44.5
51.5
60.6
68.3
84.5
88.6
90.9
91.1
5.6
3.2
8.9
27.5
25.4
26.7
26.9
27.5
11.8
6.5
24.9
3.1
3.1
3.1
2.8
2.9
27.1
41.9
25.8
36.6
52.6
55.3
57.0
56.9
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
1.0
1.0
3.3
3.5
4.1
3.9
44.9
52.6
64.8
71.9
89.7
93.8
96.0
96.8
2.2
2.4
2.8
2.5
3.7
3.9
4.1
3.9
42.7
50.2
62.0
69.4
86.0
89.9
91.9
92.9
Used for Heat Pumps

20.8
Imports
0.0
0.0
0.5
9.7
22.9
21.5
20.9
Exports
1.1
1.4
0.8
0.5
4.0
4.2
4.5
3.8
41.7
48.9
61.7
78.6
104.9
107.2
108.3
109.8
2.3
2.7
2.7
3.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
1.6
1.8
1.5
2.0
2.8
3.5
4.3
5.0
37.7
44.3
57.4
73.5
97.9
99.4
99.8
100.5
44.9
52.6
64.8
71.9
89.7
93.8
96.0
96.8
43.8
51.3
64.5
81.2
108.6
111.1
112.4
113.8
58.9
75.5
100.8
103.0
104.1
105.6
39.4
46.1

Netherlands
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
54.76
64.81
71.95
89.65
96.04
96.78
98.48
1.7
2.3
Coal
2.97
8.87
27.52
25.45
26.86
27.47
26.54
14.9
-0.3
-0.6
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
3.92
24.90
3.11
3.13
2.82
2.86
2.88
-1.4
44.60
25.81
36.65
52.65
57.03
56.88
58.42
-1.2
3.4
1.02
1.02
3.27
4.15
3.90
4.64
11.4
3.28
4.20
3.50
3.93
3.92
4.02
3.82
0.4
0.6
Geothermal
0.06
1.09
1.15
1.58
2.09
29.5
Hydro
0.10
0.14
0.12
0.07
0.10
0.1
Total
48.59
58.17
59.71
76.06
82.74
83.27
..
1.3
..
Coal
2.23
8.30
27.15
25.30
26.72
27.31
..
16.9
..
Oil
2.97
23.68
0.22
0.37
0.47
0.59
..
-15.1
..
40.12
22.00
28.67
44.94
49.17
48.95
..
-2.1
..

of which:
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
0.02
0.56
1.49
1.13
..
..
3.28
4.20
3.50
3.93
3.92
4.02
..
0.4
..
..
..
0.06
0.83
0.85
1.19
..
..
0.10
0.14
0.12
0.07
..
..
..
..
Total
6.18
6.63
12.24
13.60
13.31
13.51
..
4.4
..
Coal
0.74
0.58
0.37
0.15
0.13
0.16
..
-4.3
..
Oil
0.96
1.22
2.90
2.77
2.35
2.27
..
7.2
..
Gas
4.48
3.81
7.98
7.71
7.86
7.92
..
3.7
..
1.02
1.00
2.71
2.66
2.77
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.26
0.31
0.39
..
..
Hydro

Autoproducers

..
..
..
..
Netherlands
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
15058
70135
117519
114561
114961
106726
80-95 95-04
-
4.8
Coal
..
5606
9150
5030
4700
4828
4640
..
-7.3
Oil
..
48
4270
1660
1885
2341
2320
..
-6.6
Gas
..
6260
54181
102894
99945
99728
92140
..
6.1
..
3144
2534
7935
8031
8064
7626
..
13.0
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
11934
67714
109732
106807
107116
..
..
Coal
..
5606
9150
5030
4700
4828
..
..
..
Oil
..
48
4270
1660
1885
2341
..
..
..
Gas
..
6260
54181
102894
99945
99728
..
..
..
..
20
113
148
277
219
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
Total
3124
2421
7787
7754
7845
..
..
Coal
..
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
3124
2421
7787
7754
7845
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
of which:
Autoproducers
Electric Boilers
..
Netherlands
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
44.90
52.63
54.76
64.81
71.95
89.65
93.78
96.04
96.78
0.41
1.11
3.28
4.20
3.50
3.93
3.98
3.92
4.02
0.10
0.14
0.12
0.12
0.07
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.06
0.83
0.83
0.91
1.33

Combustible Fuels
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.22
44.50
51.52
51.48
60.61
68.30
84.50
88.61
90.85
91.10
of which:
Coal
5.59
3.18
2.97
8.87
27.52
25.45
26.74
26.86
27.47
Oil
11.78
6.49
3.92
24.90
3.11
3.13
3.11
2.82
2.86
Gas
27.14
41.85
44.60
25.81
36.65
52.65
55.26
57.03
56.88
1.02
1.02
3.27
3.49
4.15
3.90

(1)
42.75
50.23
53.22
61.97
69.44
85.97
89.89
91.90
92.86
Nuclear
..
..
3.10
3.95
3.30
3.70
3.75
3.69
3.79
Hydro
..
..
0.10
0.14
0.12
0.11
0.07
-
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.06
0.83
0.83
0.91
1.33
..
..
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.22
Combustible Fuels
..
..
50.12
58.02
65.99
81.04
84.95
86.93
87.42

Netherlands
(GWh)
Total
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
6765
6234
11738
12880
12725
12580
12618
2.2
2840
84
2756
-
2772
79
2693
-
2699
74
2625
-
2629
8
2621
-
6249
175
3000
9
1
64
1689
321
872
1
40
77
5721
129
4096
17
354
295
800
30
-
10094
206
7213
17
95
20
62
1157
1281
10
33
-
5826
163
2985
28
68
1
1458
1106
9
8
-
5641
182
2873
28
59
2
1441
1036
11
9
-
5673
151
2777
10
57
2
79
1531
1046
11
9
-
5188
174
2335
50
2
101
1481
1025
10
2
8
-
-0.6
-0.0
-0.9
14.4
-9.3
5.4
0.6
8.3
-5.4
-
516
516
513
513
1644
1
1643
4214
2552
1662
-
4312
2712
1600
-
4208
2708
1500
-
4801
3647
1154
-
8.0
-
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Netherlands
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total
11.72
12.92
14.47
18.20
19.39
19.75
20.00
1.2
2.5
Coal
0.79
1.81
6.08
5.74
6.13
6.10
6.35
12.8
0.3
Oil
1.56
5.17
0.72
0.66
0.69
0.61
0.64
-4.4
-1.0
Gas
9.37
5.72
7.11
10.44
11.16
11.44
11.45
-1.6
3.7
0.23
0.56
1.36
1.41
1.60
1.56
8.2
Total
..
11.40
11.60
14.83
16.01
16.37
16.57
..
2.8
Coal
..
1.69
6.01
5.71
6.09
6.07
6.32
..
0.4
Oil
..
4.98
0.05
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.14
..
8.9
Gas
..
4.73
5.54
8.87
9.59
9.84
9.84
..
4.5
..
0.01
0.16
0.22
0.36
0.27
..
35.53
Combustible Fuels


(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.29
1.09
0.91
1.02
1.04
1.02
1.05
7.0
1.1
1.1
Thermal
Total
0.29
1.09
0.91
1.02
1.04
1.02
1.05
7.0
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
0.01
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.14
20.0
Hydro
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
-2.1
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.11
27.6
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Netherlands
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2202
64163
7230
-
8721
220393
25014
5606
8590
214115
22600
5030
9156
224740
23720
5000
9110
226790
23936
4700
9212
230580
24339
4828
6.4
5.7
5.4
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
15843
1644
-
23189
2506
-
26722
2848
-
28579
3021
-
27639
2920
-
29649
3132
-
2.8
2.8
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
5359
220862
24899
-
694
29439
3112
48
616
28630
3131
1660
647
28525
3112
1725
574
25869
2819
1885
598
26272
2858
2341
-9.1
-8.8
-9.0
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
249332
25809
-
330704
36646
6260
485721
52648
102894
519356
55263
101810
532184
57028
99945
532865
56876
99728
3.4
3.5
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
4733
397
-
7440
704
123
12866
1323
127
9447
975
123
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
9504
1024
-
22840
933
3124
49767
2574
7787
49096
2487
7263
51573
2521
7754
53318
2629
7845
7.8
4.2
-
2535
302
155
2707
304
150
2711
294
96
860271
88609
116076
879628
90851
114561
884842
91103
114961
2.0
1.8
-

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
538
2525
84
300
20
148
Fuel Input (TJ)
559704
627103
812213
60606
68295
84498
15058
117519
Netherlands
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
Peat
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Netherlands
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
48.85
51.05
51.04
59.41
60.29
59.98
62.12
0.3
1.5
1.08
0.78
1.22
0.67
0.66
0.66
0.67
0.7
-4.5
24.66
21.09
19.90
24.47
25.03
25.22
26.78
-1.3
2.3
19.29
24.25
23.00
23.10
23.32
22.83
23.35
1.0
0.1
0.29
0.35
0.35
0.34
0.34
1.1
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
15.8
3.81
4.94
6.32
8.42
8.55
8.58
8.64
3.0
2.4
0.31
2.39
2.36
2.33
2.33
16.9
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
19.59
19.64
19.31
19.90
19.60
19.74
21.19
-0.1
0.7
0.76
0.69
1.06
0.54
0.53
0.53
0.52
2.0
-5.3
8.73
8.12
6.54
6.35
6.65
6.75
7.81
-1.7
1.4
8.14
8.41
8.79
8.25
7.57
7.65
8.03
0.4
-0.7
0.07
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
3.2
1.95
2.41
2.86
3.49
3.49
3.53
3.50
2.3
1.6
1.17
1.27
1.16
1.23
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
7.47
8.69
10.56
14.55
14.59
14.95
15.04
2.1
2.8
7.39
8.61
10.45
14.41
14.46
14.81
14.91
2.1
2.8
0.08
0.08
0.11
0.14
0.14
0.13
0.14
2.1
1.7
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.33
0.56
3.53
4.18
4.17
4.14
3.76
15.0
0.5
0.33
0.41
0.31
0.51
0.49
0.48
0.50
-0.3
3.8
3.02
3.17
3.16
3.15
2.73
-0.8
0.15
0.16
0.31
0.32
0.31
0.34
6.1
0.04
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
12.5
Netherlands
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.93
1.09
0.84
-
1.78
0.76
0.03
0.99
-
5.88
0.64
3.33
0.04
1.78
0.10
7.39
0.29
3.72
0.05
2.60
0.73
8.15
0.34
4.32
0.05
2.70
0.74
8.01
0.30
4.21
0.05
2.64
0.81
8.34
0.31
4.58
0.04
2.66
0.74
6.8
-3.1
4.5
-
2.7
-5.4
2.5
0.8
3.2
17.2
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
13.14
0.24
4.82
7.14
0.94
-
14.20
0.05
1.43
11.41
1.30
-
9.85
0.02
0.25
7.86
0.19
0.00
1.42
0.11
10.26
0.00
0.06
7.97
0.20
0.01
1.87
0.15
10.62
0.00
0.06
8.28
0.20
0.01
1.90
0.16
10.22
0.00
0.06
7.82
0.20
0.01
1.96
0.16
10.47
0.00
0.06
8.01
0.20
0.02
2.00
0.17
-1.7
-13.1
-16.0
0.6
2.4
-
0.5
-12.7
-9.9
0.1
0.2
15.8
2.7
3.9
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
4.75
0.08
0.66
4.00
-
4.75
0.04
0.32
4.40
-
0.09
0.03
-
0.18
0.02
-
0.03
0.03
-
0.03
0.03
-
0.03
0.03
-
-20.7
-6.1
-
-9.2
-0.5
-
0.06
0.16
Heat

Netherlands
TFC
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
48.85
51.05
49.51
51.04
55.07
59.41
60.29
59.98
2003
62.12
19.59
19.64
17.94
19.31
18.01
19.90
19.60
19.74
21.19
1.72
1.32
1.11
1.14
1.03
0.96
0.98
0.99
0.99
11.83
12.59
12.07
12.96
11.03
12.69
12.43
12.61
13.74
Non-ferrous Metals
0.40
0.52
0.51
0.54
0.49
0.60
0.58
0.59
0.58
1.11
1.06
0.83
0.92
0.81
0.85
0.83
0.72
0.72
Transport Equipment
0.06
0.12
0.16
0.15
0.14
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.13
Machinery
0.23
0.37
0.62
0.73
0.79
0.80
0.84
0.85
0.71
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.11
0.14
0.16
0.20
Food and Tobacco
1.61
1.84
1.53
1.61
1.82
2.01
1.99
2.00
2.19
0.84
0.71
0.56
0.67
0.64
0.86
0.84
0.85
0.92
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.04
Construction
0.02
0.04
0.13
0.26
0.28
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.26
Textile and Leather
0.24
0.29
0.17
0.14
0.20
0.19
0.16
0.16
0.16
Non Specified/Other
1.49
0.70
0.16
0.11
0.69
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.55
27.62
29.98
30.15
29.91
34.55
36.56
37.55
37.34
37.64
Agriculture
0.33
0.56
2.54
3.53
4.38
4.18
4.17
4.14
3.76
1.93
1.78
2.96
5.88
6.42
7.39
8.15
8.01
8.34
13.14
14.20
12.02
9.85
11.04
10.26
10.62
10.22
10.47
7.47
15.04
Residential
Transport
8.69
9.06
10.56
12.64
14.55
14.59
14.95

Non-Energy Use(1)
4.75
4.75
3.57
0.09
0.07
0.18
0.03
0.03
0.03
1.64
1.44
1.42
1.82
2.52
2.95
3.13
2.90
3.29
3.81
4.94
5.29
6.32
7.14
8.42
8.55
8.58
8.64
Total Industry
1.95
2.41
2.45
2.86
3.17
3.49
3.49
3.53
3.50
Iron and Steel
0.19
0.16
0.16
0.20
0.20
0.23
0.23
0.22
0.23
0.76
0.88
0.96
1.00
1.06
1.03
0.99
1.02
1.03
Non-ferrous Metals
0.27
0.43
0.42
0.45
0.40
0.51
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.13
0.12
0.15
0.14
0.13
0.13
Transport Equipment
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.06
Machinery
0.18
0.23
0.19
0.27
0.31
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.28
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.05
Food and Tobacco
0.19
0.28
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.55
0.59
0.57
0.57
0.15
0.20
0.17
0.25
0.28
0.33
0.31
0.32
0.32
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Construction
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Textile and Leather
0.06
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
Non Specified/Other
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.13
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.24
1.86
2.52
2.84
3.46
3.98
4.93
5.06
5.05
5.14
0.15
0.17
0.16
0.27
0.31
0.32
0.31
0.34
0.84
0.99
1.20
1.78
1.88
2.60
2.70
2.64
2.66
Residential
0.94
1.30
1.38
1.42
1.69
1.87
1.90
1.96
2.00
Transport
0.08
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.13
0.14
Agriculture

Netherlands
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
46.15
58.92
75.52
100.78
102.97
104.05
105.57
2.9
2.6
Industry
22.71
28.08
33.24
40.60
40.64
41.07
40.70
2.3
1.6
0.90
0.98
1.27
1.63
1.58
1.56
1.59
2.1
1.7
6.1
Transport
Agriculture
1.75
1.85
3.66
3.69
3.65
4.01
9.78
11.46
20.66
30.25
31.42
30.68
30.93
4.5
3.2
10.96
15.15
16.50
21.80
22.10
22.80
23.30
2.4
2.7
1.80
1.51
2.00
2.84
3.54
4.30
5.05
0.6
7.4
3.97
5.07
6.49
8.67
8.86
8.95
9.08
2.9
2.6

Residential
Energy(1)

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
22.71
28.08
33.24
40.60
40.64
41.07
40.70
2.3
1.6
2.15
1.85
2.27
2.62
2.63
2.57
2.65
0.3
1.2
8.80
10.26
11.63
12.00
11.57
11.89
11.92
1.7
0.2
Non-Ferrous Metals
3.15
5.02
5.29
5.95
5.80
5.77
5.83
3.1
0.8
1.02
1.11
1.50
1.69
1.62
1.54
1.48
2.3
-0.1
Transport Equipment
0.51
0.64
0.64
0.70
0.67
2.1
Machinery
2.15
2.66
3.08
3.86
3.99
4.09
3.24
2.1
0.4
0.00
0.13
0.11
0.28
0.52
0.52
0.57
23.8
13.3
Food and Tobacco
2.24
3.24
4.64
6.39
6.82
6.68
6.59
4.4
2.7

Iron and Steel
90-03
1.77
2.35
2.90
3.80
3.62
3.75
3.69
3.0
1.9
0.20
0.28
0.25
0.29
0.26
0.26
0.23
1.3
-0.7
Construction
0.23
0.44
0.43
0.49
0.47
0.48
0.49
3.7
1.0
0.69
0.64
0.52
0.55
0.53
0.57
0.55
-1.7
0.4
Non Specified/Other
0.32
0.09
0.11
2.05
2.18
2.24
2.80
-6.4
28.7

1.95
2.41
2.86
3.49
3.49
3.53
3.50
2.3
1.6
Netherlands
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.01
0.51
5.25
9.68
11.98
22.95
21.49
20.87
20.80
5.25
9.68
11.98
22.95
21.49
20.87
20.80
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
0.21
0.51
Belgium
0.56
0.12
0.88
2.28
2.59
8.03
9.61
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
0.36
1.13
France
2.00
4.52
5.15
5.26
3.08
1.80
0.60
Germany
2.19
5.04
5.82
14.33
14.14
7.36
8.78
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
0.01
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
0.09
Sweden
0.01
0.02
0.82
0.10
Switzerland
0.51
0.14
1.19
0.14
Turkey
United Kingdom
1.07
1.46
0.80
0.35
United States
0.01
0.51
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.51
Others
0.01
Netherlands
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.35
0.82
0.13
0.47
0.59
4.03
4.21
4.49
3.81
0.13
0.47
0.59
4.03
4.21
4.49
3.81
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
0.03
Belgium
0.01
0.35
3.05
2.13
3.21
2.85
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.16
0.03
Germany
0.13
0.27
0.21
0.98
1.38
1.28
0.71
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
0.22
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
0.03
Sweden
0.01
Switzerland
0.03
Turkey
United Kingdom
0.67
United States
1.35
0.82
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.82
Others
1.35
Netherlands
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
12.00
15.71
15.35
15.32
16.48
18.21
17.90
18.30
18.15

Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
Hydro
0.00
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.06
0.23
0.39
0.43
0.56
0.74

Combustible Fuels
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
11.50
15.21
14.83
14.72
15.70
17.32
16.96
17.20
16.92
of which:
Single-fired:
0.79
Liquid Fuels
1.11
0.88
0.18
0.04
0.01
0.02 e
0.02
..
..
Natural Gas
1.45
1.73
1.91
3.19
3.80
9.43 e
9.24
..
..

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.52
1.49
1.81
1.71
1.25
0.60 e
0.60
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
0.56
0.67
0.22
2.06
2.90
3.57 e
3.54
..
..
6.73
10.19
10.47
7.73
7.74
3.69 e
3.58
..
..
0.34
0.25
0.25
Type of Generation
Steam
13.85
13.11
12.80
10.08
8.70
9.58
9.46
Internal Combustion
0.02
0.02
0.60
0.80
0.81
0.98
0.77
Gas Turbine
0.43
0.54
0.85
0.80
0.77
0.63
0.61
Combined Cycle
0.53
1.04
1.45
5.64
6.69
6.01
6.09
Other
Peak Load
..
..
9.65
10.76
11.16
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
15.20
15.10
1.59
..
..
..
..
Netherlands
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.56
1.59
1.71
2.24
2.56
2.84
2.48
2.59
2.75
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.11
0.15
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity

Combustible Fuels
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.05
1.56
1.59
1.71
2.24
2.50
2.75
2.38
2.43
2.51
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
0.01 e
0.01
..
..
Natural Gas
2.53 e
2.15
..
..
1.56
1.59
1.71
2.24
2.50
0.22
..
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
0.22 e
0.83
0.74
0.75
0.86
0.72
0.79
0.76
Internal Combustion
0.06
0.24
0.46
0.73
0.59
0.71
0.77
Gas Turbine
0.35
0.56
0.48
0.53
0.53
0.44
0.53
Combined Cycle
0.44
0.67
0.81
0.63
0.54
0.49
0.45
Other
0.03
0.03
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Netherlands
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
40.25
89.46
77.63
57.72
173.60
147.20
99.11
275.68
237.97
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
57.50
90.36
86.26
82.46
175.35
163.56
141.59
278.46
264.41
58.95
..
109.63
Euro/ toe
84.21
..
121.81

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0306
-
0.0534
-
0.0598
-
0.0432
-
0.0619
0.0024
0.0655
0.0062
c
c
c
c
c
c
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0809
0.0123
0.1033
0.0157
0.1318
0.0211
0.0968
0.0151
0.1422
0.0484
0.1617
0.0690
0.1643
0.0710
0.1714
0.0760
0.1779
0.0764

New Zealand
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
8.27
9.21
13.77
17.43
17.87
17.37
17.66
3.0
1.8
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
32.37
32.76
39.46
52.17
56.41
58.46
61.40
1.2
3.2
0.26
0.28
0.35
0.33
0.32
0.30
0.29
1.9
-1.4
TPES/population(2)
2.97
3.14
3.41
3.87
3.98
4.04
4.10
0.8
1.3
2.78
2.93
4.04
4.50
4.49
4.30
4.31
2.2
0.5
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
110
137
131
124
116
113
1.9
-1.4
100
121
143
131
124
119
..
2.1
..
5363
6209
8152
8692
8666
8480
..
2.5
..
18.53
22.63
32.27
39.22
41.10
41.11
42.38
3.3
2.0
TPES (Mtoe)
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
8.27
9.21
13.77
17.43
17.87
17.37
17.66
3.0
1.8
Coal
1.26
1.02
1.13
1.04
1.24
1.81
1.88
-0.6
3.7
Oil
4.42
4.22
3.96
6.34
6.49
6.80
6.94
-0.6
4.1
Gas
0.28
0.79
3.90
5.06
5.06
3.86
3.52
16.7
-0.7
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.53
0.55
0.78
0.81
0.83
0.96
4.1
Nuclear
Geothermal
1.07
1.02
2.21
2.05
2.03
1.97
1.94
4.4
-0.9
0.00
0.01
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.09
16.3
Hydro
1.23
1.63
2.01
2.10
2.17
2.03
2.33
2.9
1.1
TPES (Mtoe)
Heat
New Zealand
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
13.1
14.3
18.9
23.3
24.4
21.5
25.2
23.7
Nuclear
Hydro
2003
of which:
Geothermal
1.3
1.2
1.2
2.2
2.9
2.8
2.9
2.8
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.6
13.9
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
1.1
3.0
2.5
6.6
11.2
14.3
12.2
0.7
1.6
0.4
0.5
1.0
1.5
1.4
3.3
0.3
1.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
1.7
5.7
9.6
12.4
10.2
10.0
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.5
15.5
18.5
22.6
32.3
39.2
39.4
41.1
41.1
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.8
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
15.2
18.1
22.4
31.5
38.0
38.1
39.9
39.8

Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
Imports
Exports
15.2
18.1
22.4
31.5
38.0
38.1
39.9
39.8
2.1
2.2
2.8
3.7
4.2
4.9
5.3
5.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
13.1
15.9
19.5
27.8
33.7
33.0
34.4
34.2
15.5
18.5
22.6
32.3
39.2
39.4
41.1
41.1
15.5
18.5
22.6
32.3
39.2
39.4
41.1
41.1
19.5
27.8
33.8
33.2
34.6
34.3
13.1
15.9

New Zealand
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
18.84
22.63
32.27
39.22
41.10
41.11
42.38
3.4
2.0
Coal
1.23
0.43
0.49
1.01
1.44
3.33
4.16
-5.6
16.5
Oil
1.70
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.02
-28.5
6.8
Gas
0.12
1.70
5.69
9.57
10.20
10.05
7.01
27.1
1.5
0.29
0.31
0.41
0.59
0.57
0.53
0.60
2.2
2.8
1.29
1.19
2.22
2.92
2.87
2.76
2.53
3.4
0.9
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.01
0.04
0.12
0.76
0.82
0.77
1.02
15.1
16.3
14.20
18.93
23.34
24.39
25.22
23.65
27.04
3.2
1.1
Total
18.55
22.29
31.68
37.37
39.30
39.03
..
3.4
..
Coal
1.23
0.43
0.42 e
0.95
1.36
3.25
..
-6.5
..
Oil
1.70
0.04
0.01
0.02
..
-28.5
..
Gas
0.12
1.67
5.61
8.95
9.68
9.16
..
27.0
..
0.01
0.03
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
..
15.5
..
..
..
1.29
1.19
2.22
2.88
2.80
2.71
..
3.4
..
0.12
0.16
0.15
..
..
14.20
18.93
23.34
24.39
25.22
23.65
..
3.2
..
..
..
Total
0.29
0.35
0.60
1.86
1.81
2.09
..
4.5
..
Coal
0.07
0.05
0.07
0.08
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
Autoproducers

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
0.03 e
0.07 e
0.62
0.52
0.89
0.28
0.28
0.33
0.51
0.48
0.44
..
1.0
..
..
..
0.04
0.07
0.05
..
..
0.01
0.04
0.12
0.64
0.66
0.63
..
15.1
..

..
..
..
..
New Zealand
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
15.48
18.53
18.84
22.63
32.27
39.22
39.43
41.10
41.11
13.12
14.32
14.20
18.93
23.34
24.39
21.46
25.22
23.65
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
1.26
1.24
1.29
1.19
2.22
2.92
2.84
2.87
2.76
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.15
0.01
0.04
0.12
0.64
0.69
0.66
0.63
1.11
2.97
3.34
2.48
6.59
11.16
14.32
12.20
13.92
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
of which:
Coal
0.74
1.58
1.23
0.43
0.49
1.01
1.48
1.44
3.33
Oil
0.31
1.13
1.70
0.04
0.01
0.02
Gas
0.05
0.26
0.12
1.70
5.69
9.57
12.44
10.20
10.05
0.29
0.31
0.41
0.59
0.40
0.57
0.53

(1)
15.19
18.11
18.59
22.39
31.48
38.04
38.09
39.85
39.77
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
14.16
18.88
23.11
24.15
21.24
24.97
23.42
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
1.27
1.16
2.09
2.76
2.68
2.70
2.61
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.12
0.14
0.15
0.15
..
..
0.01
0.03
0.12
0.59
0.65
0.62
0.59
Combustible Fuels
..
..
3.15
2.32
6.16
10.43
13.38
11.40
13.01

New Zealand
(GWh)
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
1736
1654
1694
1955
7.0
1691
519
233
453
486
-
1604
565
125
448
466
-
1646
527
209
319
591
-
1895
638
187
562
508
-
274 e
274 e
322 e
322 e
557 e
557 e
45
45
-
50
50
-
48
48
-
60
60
-
-5.1
-
1974
1980
274
322
Total Transport
Pipeline
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Other
Residential
Agriculture
1990
557 e
New Zealand
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
0.86
0.58
1.47
2.33
2.87
2.42
2.77
3.2
5.0
Coal
0.37
0.16
0.14
0.23
0.35
0.35
0.75
-5.6
13.9
Oil
0.41 e
0.01
0.00
0.01
-25.1
5.1
Gas
0.08
0.33
1.23
1.92
2.40
1.90
1.85
17.4
3.2
0.08
0.10
0.17
0.12
0.17
0.16
3.9
Total
..
0.51
1.36
2.02
2.59
2.15
2.44
..
4.6
Coal
..
0.16
0.12
0.22
0.33
0.33
0.73
..
15.0
Oil
..
0.01
0.00
0.01
..
5.1
Gas
..
0.33
1.22
1.78
2.23
1.79
1.68
..
2.5
..
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
..
0.14


(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.07
1.02
1.80
1.58
1.53
1.57
1.51
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Thermal
Total
3.1
-1.3
1.07
1.02
1.80
1.58
1.53
1.57
1.51
3.1
-1.3
1.23
1.63
2.02
2.16
1.92
2.24
2.10
2.9
0.3
1.23
1.63
2.01
2.10
1.85
2.17
2.03
2.9
0.1
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.05
13.3
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
New Zealand
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
288
232
430
658
661
1451
7.3
5841
5115
9084
14830
14893
32659
7.8
954
1425
1361
3247
9.2
428
420 e
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)

15
-3.9
664
129
272
-3.8
39
20
-2.9
15164
56598
83214
104776 e
83605
78956
7.4
1674
5612
8980
11846
9797
9408
7.8
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
379
905
767
794
914
922
3.9
32
80
77
71
86
88
4.5
22048
62747
93065
120400 e
99412
112809
7.4

2173
6120
10011
13342
11244
12763
8.0

Fuel Input (TJ)
(2)

Fuel Input (TJ)

New Zealand
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
38
817
69
-
23
510
52
-
28
639
57
-
36
827
74
-
39
877
78
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
272
30 e
-
667
74 e
-
6412
586
-
6858
596
-
4612
400
-
7280
639
-
15.4
14.2
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
2876
280
-
3161
330
-
5910
478
-
3762
289
-
5767
441
-
5256
398
-
2.7
1.5
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
479
43
-
492
44
-
11685
958
-
13905
1159
-
6.7
5.9
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
340
401
34
35
Fuel Input (TJ)
3148
4645
13172
11660
310
473
1150
977
New Zealand
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
6.05
7.11
9.84
13.43
13.31
13.91
13.29
2.9
2.3
0.87
0.80
1.00
0.81
0.92
0.88
1.05
0.8
0.4
3.67
3.80
4.43
5.84
5.82
6.16
6.45
1.1
2.9
0.14
0.37
1.29
2.95
2.81
2.95
1.86
13.8
2.8
0.46
0.45
0.61
0.60
0.64
0.67
3.1
0.27
0.33
0.31
0.32
0.32
1.3
1.37
1.68
2.39
2.89
2.84
2.96
2.94
3.3
1.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.94
2.41
3.77
5.64
5.36
5.57
4.69
4.0
1.7
0.69
0.55
0.87
0.70
0.78
0.74
0.92
1.4
0.5
0.72
0.59
0.27
0.30
0.29
0.30
0.30
-5.5
0.7
0.05
0.27
1.06
2.62
2.37
2.52
1.42
19.4
2.3
0.34
0.39
0.55
0.54
0.57
0.61
3.6
0.22
0.27
0.25
0.26
0.27
1.6
0.48
0.66
0.96
1.21
1.13
1.18
1.17
4.1
1.5
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.15
2.49
3.54
4.96
5.02
5.31
5.54
3.0
3.5
0.00
2.15
2.48
3.48
4.92
4.99
5.27
5.50
2.9
3.6
0.01
0.06
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-18.7
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
2.7
15.4
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.28
0.27
0.26
0.32
0.32
0.35
0.37
-0.4
2.7
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
1.9
0.25 e
0.24
0.20
0.19
0.19
0.21
0.24
-1.5
1.8
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.12
3.8
5.3
New Zealand
(Mtoe)
1973
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.51
0.23 e
0.06
0.21
-
0.71
0.12
0.25
0.05
0.00
0.29
-
0.81
0.06
0.16
0.11
0.00
0.48
-
0.94
0.07
0.10
0.21
0.00
0.56
-
1.05
0.11
0.08
0.29
0.00
0.56
-
1.09
0.11
0.07
0.28
0.00
0.62
-
1.10
0.09
0.10
0.28
0.00
0.63
-
2.8
-2.2
3.1
5.0
-
2.4
3.6
-3.6
7.7
11.5
2.0
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.90
0.16
0.08 e
0.03
0.64
-
1.01
0.14
0.02
0.04
0.12 e
0.69
-
1.12
0.04
0.01
0.08
0.06 e
0.05
0.88
-
1.28
0.02
0.04
0.12
0.06
0.06
0.97
-
1.33
0.02
0.05
0.15
0.06
0.06
1.00
-
1.34
0.01
0.05
0.15
0.06
0.06
1.01
-
1.34
0.02
0.05
0.16
0.06
0.05
1.00
-
1.3
-8.2
-11.0
5.9
1.9
-
1.4
-5.7
12.2
6.0
-0.4
0.0
1.0
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.03
0.03
-
0.02
0.02
-
-2.0
-2.0
-
Heat

New Zealand
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
6.05
7.11
8.23
9.84
11.69
13.43
13.31
13.91
13.29
Total Industry
1.94
2.41
3.19
3.77
4.64
5.64
5.36
5.57
4.69
Iron and Steel
0.23
0.33
0.44
0.78
0.84
0.41
0.41
0.38
0.42
0.02
0.03
0.59
0.57
1.33
2.14
1.94
2.07
0.99
0.43
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.02
0.09
0.14
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
Transport Equipment
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
Machinery
0.02
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.10
Food and Tobacco
0.13
0.46
0.41
0.16
0.18
0.14
0.12
0.17
0.19
0.04
0.05
0.22
0.38
0.50
0.45
0.42
0.43
0.13
0.52
0.53
0.62
0.56
0.69
0.65
0.74
0.79
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals

Construction
0.01
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.10
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.08
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Non Specified/Other
1.36
0.73
0.83
1.21
1.07
1.10
1.12
1.14
1.22
3.88
4.49
4.79
5.76
6.70
7.49
7.73
8.08
8.35
Agriculture
0.28
0.27
0.30
0.26
0.29
0.32
0.32
0.35
0.37
0.51
0.71
0.71
0.81
0.89
0.94
1.05
1.09
1.10
Residential
0.90
1.01
1.06
1.12
1.21
1.28
1.33
1.34
1.34
Transport
2.15
2.49
2.72
3.54
4.30
4.96
5.02
5.31
5.54

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.24
0.21
0.25
0.31
0.35
0.30
0.23
0.26
0.26
1.37
1.68
2.08
2.39
2.62
2.89
2.84
2.96
2.94
Total Industry
0.48
0.66
0.86
0.96
1.14
1.21
1.13
1.18
1.17
Iron and Steel
0.18
0.25
0.39
0.46
0.47
0.07
0.06
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.09
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.43
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
Transport Equipment
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
Machinery
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Food and Tobacco
0.07
0.10
0.13
0.13
0.16
0.13
0.11
0.17
0.18
Non-ferrous Metals

0.11
0.23
0.20
0.16
0.16
0.13
0.20
0.21
0.24
0.17
0.14
0.11
0.16
0.18
Construction
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Non Specified/Other
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.08
0.08
0.11
0.09
0.89
1.02
1.22
1.43
1.49
1.68
1.71
1.78
1.78
Agriculture
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.08
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.21
0.29
0.39
0.48
0.48
0.56
0.56
0.62
0.63
Residential
0.64
0.69
0.78
0.88
0.92
0.97
1.00
1.01
1.00
Transport
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03

0.01 e
New Zealand
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
15.95
19.54
27.82
33.84
33.19
34.55
34.33
3.3
1.6
Industry
5.62
7.68
11.17
14.10
13.19
13.73
13.56
4.1
1.5
Transport
0.04
0.03
0.06
0.43
0.38
0.39
0.39
2.7
15.4
Agriculture
0.36
0.46
0.69
1.31
1.32
1.41
1.34
3.8
5.3
2.47
3.32
5.61
6.48
6.57
7.18
7.29
5.0
2.0
Residential
Energy(1)
7.44
8.04
10.26
11.33
11.57
11.73
11.65
1.9
1.0
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.18
0.16
0.11
0.09
2.3
9.4
1.37
1.68
2.39
2.91
2.85
2.97
2.95
3.3
1.6


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
5.62
7.68
11.17
14.10
13.19
13.73
13.56
4.1
1.5
Iron and Steel
2.08
2.93
5.32
0.82
0.69
0.34
0.24
5.7
-21.1
0.19
0.20
0.51
0.21
0.25
0.19
0.17
5.8
-7.9
5.04
5.03
4.93
4.85
0.23
0.24
0.20
0.30
0.28
0.28
0.28
-0.9
2.5
Non-Ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
90-03
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.27
0.33
0.31
0.20
0.39
0.11
0.10
0.7
-8.3
0.08
0.12
0.17
0.24
0.24
0.27
0.28
4.4
4.2
Food and Tobacco
0.84
1.16
1.52
1.52
1.30
1.94
2.12
3.6
2.6

2.72
2.28
1.91
1.82
1.50
2.27
2.78
1.66
1.26
1.91
2.11
3.7
-2.1
21.5
Construction
0.06
0.08
0.02
0.20
0.26
0.29
0.29
-5.7
0.22
0.24
0.24
0.19
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.6
-1.5
Non Specified/Other
0.15
0.13
0.12
0.95
0.98
1.29
1.02
-1.4
18.3

0.48
0.66
0.96
1.21
1.13
1.18
1.17
4.1
1.5
New Zealand
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
4.60
5.82
7.44
7.18
7.68
8.15
8.24
8.33
8.36

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
3.48
3.95
4.65
4.62
5.26
5.19
5.26
5.46
5.32
0.16
0.14
0.15
0.26
0.27
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
0.96
1.73
2.64
2.30
2.16
2.51
2.53
2.42
2.57
of which:
Single-fired:
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.11
Liquid Fuels
0.24
0.47
0.46
0.34
0.28
0.09
Natural Gas
0.18
0.22
0.21
0.20
0.87
1.50
1.52
1.40
1.40
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.95
0.98
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.07
0.35
0.86
0.86
0.67
1.75

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
1.95
1.78
1.70
1.68
1.60
1.64
Internal Combustion
0.00
0.01
0.00
Gas Turbine
0.69
0.50
0.46
0.48
0.19
0.04
0.08
Combined Cycle
0.35
0.75
0.74
0.74
Other
Peak Load
..
..
4.72
5.12
5.24
5.83
..
6.07
6.04
Available Capacity
..
..
6.06
6.18
6.98
7.63
..
6.91
7.95
New Zealand
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
0.24
0.31
0.32
0.27
0.29
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.10
0.10
0.07
0.08
Combustible Fuels
0.23
0.20
0.21
0.19
0.20
0.01
AUTOPRODUCERS
of which:
Single-fired:
0.02
0.01
0.06
0.01
Liquid Fuels
Natural Gas
0.08
0.10
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.09
0.07
0.07
0.07
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
0.20
Type of Generation
Steam
0.06
0.16
0.20
0.18
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
0.17
0.04
0.01
0.01
0.01
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
New Zealand
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c

New Zealand Dollars/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
c
c
c
c
c
c
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
New Zealand Dollars/ toe

c
c
c
c
c
c

New Zealand Dollars/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0178
-
0.0283
-
0.0392
-
0.0572
-
0.0617
-
0.0654
-
0.0711
-
0.0790
-
0.0820
-
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0230
-
0.0344
-
0.0484
-
0.0917
0.0102
0.1324
0.0147
0.1410
0.0157
0.1530
0.0170
0.1634
0.0182
0.1784
0.0198

Norway
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
14.63
18.65
21.49
25.79
28.81
23.35
26.79
2.3
1.6
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
63.75
89.50
115.80
166.91
173.82
174.54
179.10
3.6
3.2
0.23
0.21
0.19
0.15
0.17
0.13
0.15
-1.2
-1.5
TPES/population(2)
3.96
4.09
4.24
4.49
4.54
4.57
4.59
0.4
0.6
3.70
4.57
5.07
5.74
6.35
5.11
5.84
1.9
1.0
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
91
81
67
72
58
65
-1.2
-1.5
100
88
88
69
66
62
..
-0.8
..
15353
18318
22835
24398
24047
22563
..
2.4
..
73.03
83.75
121.61
139.61
130.28
106.67
110.09
3.0
-0.7
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
14.63
18.65
21.49
25.79
28.81
23.35
26.79
2.3
1.6
Coal
0.91
1.01
0.86
1.08
0.81
0.79
0.92
-0.3
0.5
Oil
7.90
9.04
8.57
9.41
10.11
4.88
8.46
0.5
-0.1
Gas
0.87
1.98
3.63
6.14
6.37
5.57
7.7
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.58
1.03
1.36
1.43
1.53
1.47
2.5
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.03
6.27
7.19
10.42
11.95
11.13
9.07
9.35
3.0
-0.8
-0.45
-0.04
-1.37
-1.64
-0.84
0.68
0.99
6.8
0.00
Heat
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
15.7
TPES (Mtoe)
Hydro

Norway
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
-
63.3
72.9
84.0
121.4
139.4
118.9
129.8
106.1
of which:
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.6
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.4
63.6
73.1
84.1
121.8
140.1
119.7
130.7
107.3
0.6
0.5
0.9
1.0
0.7
0.9
0.6
0.9
62.9
72.5
83.2
120.8
139.4
118.8
130.1
106.4
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.7 e
0.8
0.7
0.9
13.4
Imports
0.5
0.1
2.0
0.3
1.5
10.7
5.3
Exports
3.4
5.3
2.5
16.2
20.5
7.2
15.0
5.5
60.0
67.3
82.2
104.3
119.3
121.0
119.2
113.2
5.7
6.3
7.1
6.9
7.8
9.3
9.1
8.8 e
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.6
1.0
0.9
1.1
54.1
60.8
74.8
96.8
109.5
112.2
109.1
103.0
63.5
73.0
83.8
121.6
139.6
119.2
130.3
106.7
60.6
67.9
83.6
105.9
121.0
123.3
121.0
115.1
75.1
97.4
110.5 e
113.2
110.0
104.1
1.0 e
54.3
61.0

Norway
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
76.65
83.75
121.61
139.61
130.28
106.67
110.09
2.9
-0.7
Coal
0.03
0.01
0.22
0.16
0.13
0.12
0.14
14.5
-3.2
Oil
0.03
0.12
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
-9.8
9.0
Gas
0.21
0.20
0.30
0.34
0.24
0.29
0.32
0.43
0.48
5.1
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.03
0.20
0.30
0.34
76.60
83.61
121.15
138.92
129.42
105.50
108.76
2.9
-0.8
0.05
0.35
0.24
0.47
0.42
0.60
0.52
10.6
5.7
Total
65.61
72.18
108.77
124.52
124.50
101.74
..
3.2
..
Coal
0.03
0.01
0.15
0.09
0.13
0.12
..
11.7
..
Oil
0.01
0.02
0.01
..
1.1
..
Gas
..
..
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.14
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.03
0.11
0.26
..
..
65.58
72.15
108.56
124.34
124.19
101.23
..
3.2
..
0.05
0.35
0.23
0.40
0.41
0.57
..
10.3
..
Total
11.04
11.57
12.84
15.08
5.79
4.93
..
0.9
..
Coal
0.07
0.06
..
..
0.03
0.10
0.01
0.02
0.02
..
..
0.21
0.20
0.30
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Hydro
Autoproducers
Oil
Gas
0.18
0.23
0.25
0.29
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.09
0.05
..
..
11.01
11.47
12.59
14.57
5.23
4.28
..
0.8
..

0.01
0.07
0.02
0.02
..
..
Hydro
Norway
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
4986
6499
7307
9128
10788
11983
80-95 95-04
-
7.0
Coal
..
162
688
466
493
402
446
..
-4.7
29.7
Oil
..
60
227
529
1322
2122
2355
..
Gas
..
102
116
274
310
..
..
3669
4132
4518
5252
6837
7719
..
7.2
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
56
184
309
430
477
477
..
11.2
Electric Boilers
..
1039
1268
1383
1515
676
676
..
-6.8
Total
4922
6420
7269
9081
10747
..
..
Coal
..
162
688
466
493
402
..
..
..
Oil
..
60
224
526
1311
2116
..
..
..
Gas
..
102
116
274
..
..
..
..
3605
4065
4491
5224
6806
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
56
184
309
423
473
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
1039
1259
1375
1514
676
..
..
..
Total
64
79
38
47
41
..
..
Coal
..
..
..
..
Oil
..
11
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
64 e
67
27
28
31
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
of which:
Autoproducers
Electric Boilers
..
9
Norway
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
63.56
73.06
76.70
84.10
121.85
140.08
119.73
130.71
107.27
63.28
72.89
76.64
83.96
121.38
139.39
118.86
129.84
106.10
0.60
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.03
0.05
0.35
0.24
0.47
0.56
0.42
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.03
0.03
0.08
0.22

Combustible Fuels
0.12
0.08
0.28
0.16
0.06
0.14
0.47
0.66
0.84
0.67
0.87
of which:
Coal
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.22
0.16
0.26
0.13
0.12
Oil
0.27
0.14
0.03
0.12
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
Gas
0.21
0.24
0.20
0.30
0.24
0.29
0.33
0.32
0.43
(1)
62.92
72.54
76.15
83.20
120.83
139.41
118.81
130.10
106.41
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
76.10
83.06
120.39
138.73
117.95
129.25
105.25
0.59
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.05
0.35
0.23
0.47
0.56
0.42
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.03
0.03
0.08
0.22
..
..
0.12
0.08
Combustible Fuels
..
..
0.05
0.13
0.44
0.66
0.83
0.66
0.86

Norway
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total
10972
11473
12756
15081
13040
5793
4917
-2.7
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
10947
10947
11370
11370
12448
12448
211
211
283
283
198
198
299
299
-11.7
-11.7
25
9
16
-
103
36
67
-
308
108
200
-
13149
707
2410
8945
964
123
12133
664
2264
8183
906
116
5590
1376
727
3096
1
22
24
329
5
3
7
4614
1135
600
2556
1
18
20
271
4
3
6
19.7
18.2
10.2
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
624
607
17
-
5
5
-
4
4
-
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
1721
646
18
1057 e
Norway
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
0.05
0.04
0.16
0.23
0.28
0.28
0.39
7.5
7.0
Coal
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
3.5
0.5
Oil
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.05
-11.7
22.0
0.03 e
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.13 e
0.17
0.20
0.19
0.26
5.4
0.03
0.03
0.00
Gas
Total
..
0.01
0.14
0.18
0.21
0.22
0.31
..
6.5
Coal
..
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
..
0.5
Oil
..
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.05
..
22.0
Gas
..
0.00 e
0.00
0.00
0.01
..
0.14
0.16
0.15
0.22
..
5.69
..
0.11 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
6.27
7.19
10.42
11.95
10.18
11.15
9.10
3.0
-1.0
6.27
7.19
10.42
11.95
10.17
11.13
9.07
3.0
-1.1
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Norway
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
900
597
1112
475
451
175
116
216
92
88
Peat

27
-10.7
1164
72
39
39
98
82
-10.9
124
22
18
-8.0
Fuel Input (TJ)
1269
1622
1188
1793
211
239
198
299
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
946
1163
1227
1110
1357
184
226
197
216
264
Fuel Input (TJ)
200
326
303
19
32
29
Fuel Input (TJ)
597
61
417
58
12
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
1164
1918
3068
4797
3258
4403
6.0

124
365
562
738
562
710
7.9

Fuel Input (TJ)

Norway
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
4
121
13
-
21
578
43
108
23
652
40
456
26
717
41
502
24
688
41
482
20
572
35
400
7.2
7.0
4.4
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
10
10

Fuel Input (TJ)
5
4
8
7

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
1988
58
1421
2390
60
1777
2164
58
1709
2399
66
2046
4296
124
3122
2881
99
2211
3092
107
2532
4886
159
3539
17.4
11.5
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
121
2566
3042
13
101
100
1529
2233
Norway
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
54
10
23
11
54
10
22
11
Peat

Fuel Input (1000 t)
16
18
34
56
Fuel Input (TJ)
76
681
785
1472
2428
60
529
641
1322
2112
Fuel Input (TJ)
126
105
118
282
102
98
112
267
Fuel Input (TJ)
126 e
296
830
1100
1231
73 e
160
511
692
791
Fuel Input (TJ)
467
546
442
228
467
546
442
228
Fuel Input (TJ)
2527
2588
2738
2466
3242
2175
2102
2209
2066
2691
14
11
12
10
2783 e
4182
5038
5616
7419
2362
3382
4037
4651
6096
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Norway
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
13.73
16.34
18.03
20.26
21.15
20.64
20.93
1.6
1.2
0.81
0.87
0.78
0.95
0.84
0.71
0.70
-0.3
-0.8
7.68
8.45
7.95
7.97
8.51
8.64
9.20
0.2
1.1
0.01
0.00
0.59
0.67
0.50
0.70
0.58
0.90
1.19
1.33
1.22
1.28
2.8
5.23
6.43
8.33
9.42
9.65
9.38
8.85
2.8
0.5
0.07
0.13
0.16
0.17
0.19
7.5
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
6.36
7.40
7.10
8.26
8.59
7.91
8.60
0.7
1.5
0.76
0.84
0.77
0.95
0.84
0.71
0.70
0.1
-0.7
2.40
2.95
2.00
1.68
2.12
2.08
2.44
-1.1
1.5
0.00
0.00
0.59
0.66
0.49
0.69
0.18
0.38
0.59
0.71
0.52
0.57
3.1
3.20
3.43
3.94
4.43
4.24
4.08
4.17
1.2
0.4
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
4.8
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.62
3.18
4.22
4.58
4.69
4.71
4.78
2.8
1.0
2.57
3.12
4.15
4.45
4.52
4.55
4.63
2.8
0.9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.06
0.07
0.13
0.16
0.16
0.14
2.8
5.4
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.06
0.27
0.27
0.77
0.81
0.82
0.81
8.8
8.8
0.00
0.02
0.21
0.21
0.59
0.61
0.63
0.62
15.1
8.8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.18
0.19
0.18
0.18
1.5
9.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.8
Norway
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.58
0.01
0.00
0.57
-
1.65
0.70
0.95
-
2.03
0.35
1.65
0.03
2.05
0.24
0.00
0.03
1.69
0.09
2.43
0.33
0.00
0.02
1.97
0.11
2.55
0.41 e
0.00
0.03
1.99
0.12
2.35
0.48
0.00
0.03
1.71
0.13
7.7
22.9
6.5
-
1.1
2.4
0.3
10.9
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.88
0.06
0.45
0.01
1.37
-
3.20
0.03
0.83
0.00
0.40
1.94
-
3.61
0.01
0.46
0.52
2.61
0.02
3.83
0.00
0.25
0.00
0.58
2.98
0.02
3.99
0.00
0.28
0.00
0.59
3.09
0.03
3.98
0.00
0.29
0.00
0.68
2.98
0.03
3.72
0.00
0.35
0.00
0.69
2.65
0.03
3.9
-12.2
0.2
3.8
-
0.2
-8.1
-1.9
2.2
0.1
2.1
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
1.63
1.63
-
0.02
0.02 e
-
0.02
0.02
-
Heat
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Norway
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
13.73
16.34
17.75
18.03
19.08
20.26
21.15
20.64
20.93
Total Industry
6.36
7.40
7.86
7.10
7.20
8.26
8.59
7.91
8.60
Iron and Steel
1.30
1.36
1.51
1.27
1.17
1.25
1.13
0.97
0.97
1.19
1.83
2.04
1.82
1.92
2.48
2.91
2.61
3.10
Non-ferrous Metals
1.18
1.43
1.46
1.54
1.55
1.75
1.74
1.70
1.86
0.15
0.42
0.30
0.24
0.37
0.35
0.32
0.32
0.36
Transport Equipment
0.03
0.11
0.12
0.07
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.08
Machinery
0.08
0.22
0.25
0.19
0.18
0.16
0.15
0.16
0.15
0.06
0.15
0.15
0.12
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.07
Food and Tobacco
0.11
0.44
0.42
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.39
0.39
0.44
0.39
0.80
0.89
0.97
1.10
1.17
1.22
1.13
1.13
0.04
0.21
0.21
0.20
0.23
0.28
0.29
0.20
0.19
TFC
Construction
0.03
0.37
0.49
0.26
0.07
0.19
0.21
0.20
0.20
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
Non Specified/Other
1.77
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.03
6.77
8.29
9.11
10.13
10.93
11.23
11.92
12.08
11.68
Agriculture
0.06
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.69
0.77
0.81
0.82
0.81
0.58
1.65
1.78
2.03
1.95
2.05
2.43
2.55
2.35
Residential
1.88
3.20
3.50
3.61
3.87
3.83
3.99
3.98
3.72
Transport
2.62
3.18
3.53
4.22
4.43
4.58
4.69
4.71
4.78

Non-Energy Use(1)
1.63
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.61
0.64
0.78
0.79
0.94
0.77
0.65
0.65
0.66
5.23
6.43
7.86
8.33
8.92
9.42
9.65
9.38
8.85
Total Industry
3.20
3.43
3.96
3.94
4.10
4.43
4.24
4.08
4.17
Iron and Steel
0.72
0.72
0.82
0.71
0.64
0.68
0.61
0.55
0.57
0.49
0.52
0.57
0.52
0.60
0.67
0.64
0.59
0.58
Non-ferrous Metals
1.16
1.26
1.33
1.45
1.48
1.65
1.64
1.62
1.77
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.07
Transport Equipment
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.06
Machinery
0.08
0.13
0.17
0.15
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Food and Tobacco
0.11
0.15
0.17
0.20
0.25
0.27
0.27
0.25
0.25
0.39
0.32
0.54
0.62
0.63
0.66
0.58
0.58
0.55
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.06
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.07
Construction
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.07
0.08
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Non Specified/Other
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.02
2.03
3.00
3.90
4.39
4.82
4.99
5.41
5.31
4.68
Agriculture
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.12
0.18
0.19
0.18
0.18
0.57
0.95
1.29
1.65
1.59
1.69
1.97
1.99
1.71
Residential
1.37
1.94
2.49
2.61
2.98
2.98
3.09
2.98
2.65
Transport
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.14
0.13
0.16
0.16
0.14

Norway
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
61.01
75.11
97.37
110.50
113.19
109.97
104.09
2.8
0.5
Industry
37.19
39.93
45.81
51.57
49.32
47.40
48.54
1.2
0.4
Transport
0.52
0.68
0.83
1.54
1.89
1.80
1.64
2.8
5.4
Agriculture
0.53
0.68
0.68
2.11
2.23
2.12
2.12
1.5
9.1
6.59
11.00
19.19
19.67
22.87
23.15
19.91
6.5
0.3
15.96
22.52
30.30
34.64
35.88
34.65
30.77
3.8
0.1
0.23
0.28
0.57
0.97
1.00
0.85
1.13
5.4
5.5
5.25
6.46
8.37
9.50
9.73
9.46
8.95
2.8
0.5
Residential
Energy(1)

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
Non-Ferrous Metals
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
37.19
39.93
45.81
51.57
49.32
47.40
48.54
1.2
90-03
0.4
8.33
8.42
8.26
7.88
7.10
6.35
6.69
-0.1
-1.6
5.69
6.06
6.09
7.76
7.50
6.81
6.75
0.4
0.8
13.51
14.62
16.83
19.21
19.10
18.81
20.63
1.3
1.6
0.79
0.69
0.76
0.90
0.83
0.84
0.79
-0.2
0.3
Transport Equipment
0.39
0.57
0.56
0.79
0.78
0.88
0.70
2.2
1.7
Machinery
0.94
1.54
1.69
1.39
1.32
1.32
1.13
3.5
-3.0
0.67
0.85
0.71
0.51
0.48
0.45
0.42
0.3
-3.9
Food and Tobacco
1.27
1.69
2.29
3.13
3.11
2.92
2.89
3.5
1.8
4.50
3.77
7.21
7.71
6.79
6.79
6.38
2.8
-0.9
0.46
0.70
0.73
1.09
0.97
0.95
0.80
2.7
0.7
Construction
0.37
0.72
0.53
0.59
0.83
0.78
0.90
2.2
4.1
0.24
0.25
0.16
0.21
0.21
0.19
0.19
-2.3
1.2
Non Specified/Other
0.03
0.04
0.40
0.32
0.31
0.28

3.20
3.43
3.94
4.43
4.24
4.08
4.17
1.2
0.4
Norway
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.07
2.04
4.08
0.33
2.30
1.47
10.75
5.34
13.42
0.02
1.99
4.03
0.33
2.22
1.24
10.54
5.11
13.24
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
0.67
0.37
0.50
0.15
2.76
2.17
4.48
Finland
0.06
0.17
0.23
0.16
0.17
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
0.02
1.32
3.66
0.33
1.66
0.92
7.55
2.78
8.60
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.24
0.21
0.22
0.18
Sweden
Switzerland
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.24
0.21
0.22
0.18
Belarus
Georgia
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.08
0.24
0.21
0.22
0.18
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Russian Federation
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Norway
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.26
2.50
4.63
16.24
8.97
20.53
7.17
15.05
5.55
5.26
2.50
4.63
16.24
8.97
20.53
7.17
15.05
5.55
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
0.67
0.94
3.95
1.53
4.63
1.94
2.88
0.71
Finland
0.01
0.01
0.13
0.05
0.13
0.03
0.15
0.08
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
5.26
1.83
3.68
12.17
7.39
15.76
5.20
12.02
4.76
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Sweden
Switzerland
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Norway
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
14.22
17.49
21.20
24.72
25.65
26.08
25.73
27.31
27.31

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
14.16
17.41
21.09
24.63
25.58
25.96 e
25.53
27.08
27.08 e
1.15 e
1.62 e
0.13
0.33
0.33
1.07
0.64
1.15
1.62
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.10
0.10 e

Combustible Fuels
0.01
0.01 e
0.06
0.08
0.11
0.09
0.07
0.11
0.20
0.12
0.12 e
0.05 e
of which:
Single-fired:
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.01
0.05
Liquid Fuels
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.02
Natural Gas
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.17
0.05
0.06 e
0.02 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.02
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
0.10
0.07
..
0.10 e
0.19
0.11
0.12 e
Internal Combustion
0.01
0.02
..
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01 e
Gas Turbine
0.01
0.01
..
Combined Cycle
..
Other
0.07 e
10.88
14.23
17.32
17.23
20.37
20.40
20.57
20.69
20.00
..
..
..
..
24.10
23.00
23.19
..
..
Peak Load
Available Capacity
Norway
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.02
2.52
2.46
2.42
2.67
2.34
2.23
0.97
0.98
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
1.92
2.37
2.32
2.25
2.47
2.17
2.15
0.83
0.84 e
0.04
0.21 e
0.21
0.04
0.04 e
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.02
0.02 e
0.11
0.15
0.14
0.16
0.19
0.16
0.07
0.12
0.12 e
Hydro
Combustible Fuels
0.01 e
-
of which:
Single-fired:
0.01
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.02
Liquid Fuels
0.10
0.15
0.14
0.08
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02 e
Natural Gas
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04 e
0.06
0.11
0.10
0.07
0.07 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
0.14
0.16
..
0.12 e
0.02
0.07
0.07 e
Internal Combustion
0.00
..
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02 e
Gas Turbine
..
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04 e
Combined Cycle
..
Other
0.19 e
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Norway
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..

Norwegian Crowns/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
x
..
..
x
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
Norwegian Crowns/ toe

..
x
..
..
x
..

Norwegian Crowns/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0610
0.0150
0.0900
0.0200
0.1700
0.0290
0.2200
0.0390
0.1710
0.0320
0.2282
0.0442
0.2455
0.0475
0.3224
0.0624
0.2918
0.0565
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.1490
0.0420
0.1750
0.0430
0.3270
0.0780
0.4590
0.1150
0.2787
0.1377
0.3956
0.1896
0.3677
0.1647
0.6312
0.2172
0.4631
0.1863

Poland
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
93.08
123.03
99.85
89.42
89.06
93.67
93.78
0.4
-0.4
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
101.36
117.31
116.50
166.56
170.56
177.12
186.60
0.8
3.4
0.92
1.05
0.86
0.54
0.52
0.53
0.50
-0.4
-3.7
TPES/population(2)
33.37
35.58
38.12
38.65
38.23
38.20
38.18
0.8
0.0
2.79
3.46
2.62
2.31
2.33
2.45
2.46
-0.4
-0.5
100
114
93
58
57
58
55
-0.4
-3.7
100
126
144
101
98
97
..
2.2
..
1746
2391
2525
2512
2508
2585
..
2.2
..
83.91
120.94
134.42
143.17
142.50
150.01
152.52
2.8
0.9
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
93.08
123.03
99.85
89.42
89.06
93.67
93.78
0.4
-0.4
Coal
74.69
95.98
75.41
56.31
54.92
57.62
56.58
0.1
-2.0
Oil
10.89
16.89
13.23
19.46
20.00
20.24
21.04
1.2
3.4
Gas
6.25
8.77
8.94
9.96
10.11
11.26
11.86
2.1
2.0
Comb. Renew & Waste
1.27
1.21
2.23
4.06
4.43
5.25
4.90
3.4
5.8
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.13
0.20
0.12
0.18
0.20
0.14
0.18
-0.2
2.8
-0.15
-0.02
-0.09
-0.55
-0.61
-0.87
-0.80
-3.0
16.9
TPES (Mtoe)
Hydro
Heat

Poland
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
1.9
1.9
3.3
3.3
4.1
4.2
3.9
3.3
Nuclear
Hydro
2003
of which:
0.4
0.4
0.9
1.9
2.0
1.9
1.6
1.6
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
Combustible Fuels
Coal
68.0
82.5
118.6
133.0
141.1
141.4
140.2
148.2
63.9
78.8
114.5
131.0
137.7
136.9
134.7
142.6
Oil
Gas
1.6
2.0
3.5
1.6
1.9
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.3
1.4
0.1
0.1
0.9
1.4
2.2
2.4
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.8
0.9
0.7
69.9
84.3
121.9
136.3
145.2
145.6
144.1
151.6
6.6
7.8
11.7
12.9
13.0
13.0
12.8
13.3
63.3
76.5
110.2
123.4
132.2
132.7
131.4
138.4
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
0.5
0.6
1.2
2.6
2.8
2.6
2.2
2.3
Imports
2.3
2.0
4.2
10.4
3.3
4.3
4.5
5.0
Exports
2.3
3.8
4.4
11.5
9.7
11.0
11.5
15.1
62.7
74.2
108.7
119.8
123.1
123.3
122.1
125.9
5.7
7.0
12.2
10.6
14.2
14.2
14.4
14.3
8.0
8.9
11.5
13.0
11.8
11.9
11.8
12.9
49.0
58.2
85.0
96.2
97.1
97.2
95.8
98.7
69.5
83.9
120.9
134.4
143.2
143.7
142.5
150.0
69.8
82.5
121.6
135.3
138.8
138.9
137.1
141.5
96.5
109.2
108.8
109.1
107.7
111.6
57.0
67.2

Poland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
91.27
120.94
134.42
143.17
142.50
150.01
152.52
2.4
Coal
86.19
114.55
131.04
137.67
134.69
142.59
144.21
2.7
0.7
Oil
2.15
3.49
1.57
1.92
2.38
2.46
2.46
-2.0
3.3
Gas
0.49
0.14
0.14
0.93
2.20
2.43
2.67
-7.5
23.5
0.33
0.41
0.26
0.55
0.89
0.74
0.96
-1.5
9.8
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.9
0.01
0.06
0.12
0.14
2.12
2.35
1.42
2.11
2.28
1.67
2.08
-2.5
2.8
0.33
0.93
1.90
2.01
1.63
1.62
1.61
11.5
-1.2
Total
81.59
110.60
126.31
135.94
134.69
142.01
..
2.8
..
Coal
77.48
105.81
124.29
132.28
129.53
137.29
..
3.0
..
Oil
1.63
2.42
0.59
0.66
0.64
0.64
..
-6.1
..
Gas
..
Hydro
of which:
0.36
0.02
0.01
0.82
2.02
2.21
..
-19.6
0.01
0.07
0.16
0.09
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.01
0.06
0.12
..
..
Hydro
2.12
2.35
1.42
2.10
2.28
1.67
..
-2.5
..
0.33
0.93
1.90
2.01
1.63
1.62
..
11.5
..
Total
9.68
10.34
8.10
7.24
7.81
8.00
..
-1.1
..
Coal
8.71
8.74
6.75
5.38
5.16
5.31
..
-1.6
..
Oil
0.52
1.07
0.98
1.25
1.74
1.82
..
4.0
..
Gas
0.13
0.12
0.13
0.11
0.18
0.22
..
0.0
..

Autoproducers
0.33
0.41
0.25
0.48
0.73
0.65
..
-1.8
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Hydro
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
..
..
..
..

Poland
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
837323
739569
420809
340684
351434
368215
360200
80-95 95-04
-4.5
-1.7
Coal
748961
667040
405147
319135
323582
335524
327190
-4.0
-2.3
Oil
54491
42390
11123
7937
8901
8832
8800
-10.1
-2.6
Gas
23839
16213
2460
10985
15833
20210
20510
-14.1
26.6
10032
13926
2079
2627
3118
3649
3700
-10.0
6.6
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
351256
332290
346576
295329
301062
301975
..
-0.1
..
Coal
337931
323975
337309
280490
282239
280011
..
-0.0
..
11641
7873
7572
5099
5689
4768
..
-2.8
..
1684
393
1399
8547
12032
15575
..
-1.2
..
49
296
1193
1102
1621
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
of which:
Oil
Gas
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
486067
407279
74233
45355
50372
66240
..
-11.8
..
Coal
411030
343065
67838
38645
41343
55513
..
-11.3
..
Autoproducers
Oil
42850
34517
3551
2838
3212
4064
..
-15.3
..
Gas
22155
15820
1061
2438
3801
4635
..
-18.3
..
10032
13877
1783
1434
2016
2028
..
-10.9
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Poland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
69.89
84.30
91.60
121.87
136.31
145.18
145.62
144.13
151.63
1.92
1.85
2.46
3.28
3.31
4.12
4.22
3.91
3.29
1.62
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.39
0.33
0.93
1.90
2.01
1.90
1.63
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.12

Combustible Fuels
67.97
82.45
89.15
118.59
133.00
141.06
141.38
140.16
148.21
of which:
Coal
63.91
78.79
86.19
114.55
131.04
137.67
136.86
134.69
142.59
Oil
1.60
1.96
2.15
3.49
1.57
1.92
2.40
2.38
2.46
Gas
2.28
1.41
0.49
0.14
0.14
0.93
1.36
2.20
2.43
0.17
0.30
0.33
0.41
0.26
0.55
0.77
0.89
0.74
(1)
63.31
76.47
83.19
110.18
123.41
132.21
132.67
131.37
138.37
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
2.45
3.26
3.29
4.08
4.18
3.88
3.27
1.61
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.33
0.92
1.88
1.99
1.88
1.62
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.12
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
80.75
106.93
120.13
128.13
128.47
127.44
134.97

Poland
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
8094
8247
6070
6586
7105
7110
7241
-0.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1795
1795
2107
97
412
1393
205
2954
105
423
1857
569
3333
89
441
1745
1058
3545
2
453
1872
1218
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4275
814
2105
188
2
66
54
24
436
465
10
111
-
4448
917
1849
303
4
59
17
7
413
747
10
41
81
4109
684
1805
322
2
8
14
4
348
811
7
34
70
3724
372
1702
312
2
429
793
7
28
79
3638
391
1473
338
2
368
946
6
23
91
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
8094
..
..
..
8094
8247
..
..
..
8247
31
31
-
42
42
-
53
53
-
58
58
-
-15.7
..
..
..
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Other
Residential
Agriculture
Poland
(Mtoe)
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
42.43
59.00
56.43
40.66
41.37
40.30
42.35
1.7
-2.2
39.90 e
55.36
53.83
39.39
39.78
38.45
40.34
1.8
-2.2
Oil
1.16
2.49
1.61
0.59 e
0.71 e
0.68 e
0.69 e
1.9
-6.2
Gas
0.96
0.77
0.52
0.52
0.67
0.92
1.09
-3.6
5.8
0.40
0.39
0.47
0.17
0.21
0.24
0.23
1.1
-5.5
Combustible Fuels
Total
Coal

Total
..
38.54
39.80
38.12
38.71
37.57
39.13
..
-0.1
Coal
..
37.53
39.40
37.34
37.75
36.40
37.86
..
-0.3
Oil
..
0.95
0.39
0.30
0.34
0.31
0.28
..
-2.4
Gas
..
0.06
0.01
0.43
0.57
0.79
0.93
..
38.6
..
0.00
0.05
0.05
0.07
0.06
..
23.01

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.13
0.20
0.12
0.18
0.20
0.20
0.15
-0.2
1.8
0.13
0.20
0.12
0.18
0.20
0.20
0.14
-0.2
1.3
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
Thermal
Total
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Poland
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
396
532
31
42
396
532
31
42
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Poland
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
77529
1480962
89226
440954
59361
1174211
75751
358026
44514
952140
82419
174179
44242
944936
80368
188756
43178
927762
79913
182204
45631
984911
84720
195922
-2.3
-1.8
-0.2
-3.5
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
33839
264768
24442
4668
66565
552146
54587
5439
59066
505127
53469
8575
59127
511731
54603
6172
57665
493627
53040
5996
60374
517834
55938
6239
2.5
3.0
3.7
1.3
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
29821
879
17492
25805
698
16517
22064
1779
5373
22697
1890
4931
22161
1740
5781
24612
1934
6703
-0.8
3.5
-4.1

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2350
95287
3492
48006
1288
52103
1566
31369
451
18169
1916
2856
541
21767
2397
3148
535
21584
2377
3312
571
22964
2456
3861
-6.0
-6.0
-1.5
-10.4

Fuel Input (TJ)
4976
144
2889
3295
139
1782
13914
928
3696
18859
1358
4158
29327
2198
5877
36626
2425
10047
9.1
13.1
5.6

Fuel Input (TJ)
9867
248
6094
10408
55
8091
2926
190
1347
4239
402
1214
4004
379
1171
4743
398
1567
-3.1
2.1
-5.7
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
5289
161
3077
5172
202
2895
3233
331
754
3342
322
897
4615
464
988
2898
286
785
-2.6
2.5
-5.8
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
609
48
241
714
56
285
1527571
141340
209276
1503689
140159
205570
1595302
148213
225409
-0.7
1.0
-3.6

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1890970
1823140
1517573
118592
132998
141032
523180
424119
196780
Poland
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

18452
18722
7234
7965
7078
6910
-4.2
Fuel Input (TJ)
415793
394824
163270
178661
161025
157484
-4.1
280200
281586
129698
143450
128526
125375
-3.4
Fuel Input (1000 t)
318
357
39
41
36
35
-9.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
3042
3427
439
467
423
398
-8.5
2063
2381
349
374
337
316
-7.8
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
5287
4489
1246
1257
867
1139
-6.5
3584
3091
961
1021
738
969
-5.5
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Peat

234
380
154
189
168
148
-2.0
Fuel Input (TJ)
9566
15371
6352
7784
6948
6148
-1.9
6485
11021
5081
6308
5589
4971
-1.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
30925
20937
10115
12521
13673
13924
-3.4
20950
14431
7289
9204
9956
10163
-3.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
793
4163
535
647
805
1056
1.3
538
2867
455
577
700
899
2.3
Fuel Input (TJ)
476
93
40
27
14
110
-6.2
323
63
34
25
13
97
-5.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
14
47
31
20
10
37
24
16
465882
443318
182044
201395
183761
180279
-4.0

314143
315450
143904
160983
145864
142806
-3.4
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Poland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
60.87
78.43
62.18
58.48
58.44
56.84
59.72
0.1
-0.3
27.99
31.26
17.39
13.30
12.65
11.77
11.02
-2.8
-3.5
9.28
13.43
11.43
18.04
17.46
17.51
18.78
1.2
3.9
5.45
7.66
7.90
8.01
8.29
8.02
9.03
2.2
1.0
0.81
0.76
1.63
3.89
4.12
4.18
5.01
4.2
9.0
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
5.01
7.31
8.28
8.35
8.36
8.24
8.49
3.0
0.2
12.33
18.01
15.56
6.88
7.55
7.11
7.39
1.4
-5.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
27.57
34.42
26.32
20.26
18.60
17.64
18.65
-0.3
-2.6
9.43
9.96
6.69
7.53
6.45
5.83
5.26
-2.0
-1.8
1.76
2.71
2.07
2.71
2.43
2.55
2.65
1.0
1.9
4.65
5.86
4.56
4.10
3.96
3.55
4.23
-0.1
-0.6
0.16
0.31
0.68
0.99
1.01
1.07
1.17
8.7
4.2
3.28
4.48
3.68
3.48
3.36
3.28
3.46
0.7
-0.5
8.30
11.09
8.64
1.45
1.40
1.36
1.89
0.2
-11.0
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
9.25
9.53
7.59
9.94
9.87
9.66
11.30
-1.2
3.1
3.66
1.80
0.17
-16.4
5.29
7.32
6.95
9.48
9.40
9.18
9.99
1.6
2.8
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.13
0.77
0.30
0.41
0.47
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.41
2.7
-1.1
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.16
3.24
3.35
4.67
4.63
4.40
4.46
2.6
2.2
0.74
1.08
0.92
0.90
1.00
0.84
0.81
1.3
-0.9
0.92
1.28
1.36
2.91
2.73
2.68
2.77
2.3
5.6
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
-5.3
7.8
0.01
0.02
0.00
0.41
0.46
0.45
0.45
-14.4
61.0
0.19
0.46
0.73
0.41
0.40
0.38
0.37
8.2
-5.1
0.26
0.40
0.33
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
1.4
-18.4
Poland
(Mtoe)
1973
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
5.53
4.20 e
0.15
0.06
0.61
0.50
7.65
5.57 e
0.34
0.04
0.83
0.87
5.61
2.80 e
0.34
0.02
1.66
0.79
4.70
0.52
0.40
0.79
0.22
0.00
2.25
0.52
5.10
0.41
0.52
1.03
0.16
0.00
2.37
0.60
5.82
0.71
0.55
1.33
0.16
0.00
2.32
0.76
6.25
0.71
0.73
1.60
0.16
0.00
2.36
0.70
0.1
-2.4
4.8
-6.3
6.0
2.8
0.8
-10.0
12.7
16.6
2.7
-1.0
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
13.80
9.20 e
0.12
0.62
0.57
0.47
2.82
20.17
12.31 e
0.18
1.44
0.39
0.92
4.93
18.01
6.62 e
0.04
2.99
0.82
1.74
5.80
17.21
4.27
0.91
3.05
2.27
0.00
1.81
4.90
18.81
4.73
1.03
3.20
2.50
0.00
1.84
5.53
17.79
4.34
1.08
3.04
2.50
0.01
1.86
4.97
17.54
4.17
1.18
3.05
2.46
0.01
1.90
4.78
1.6
-1.9
-6.2
9.7
2.2
8.0
4.3
-0.2
-3.5
29.3
0.1
8.8
0.7
-1.5
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.65
0.05
0.15
1.04
0.12
0.21
0.11
0.11
-
0.04
0.04
-
0.02
0.02
-
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.01
-
-10.1
-
-19.6
-
0.45
0.72
Heat
1980
1990
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Poland
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
60.87
78.43
77.71
62.18
64.90
58.48
58.44
56.84
59.72
Total Industry
27.57
34.42
31.40
26.32
24.18
20.26
18.60
17.64
18.65
Iron and Steel
5.81
7.09
6.16
5.07
4.35
3.48
2.87
2.51
2.65
5.39
7.00
6.83
7.26
6.99
6.82
6.31
5.86
6.43
Non-ferrous Metals
0.83
1.01
0.82
0.56
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.74
0.73
5.02
5.37
4.57
3.47
3.37
2.60
2.37
2.25
2.26
Transport Equipment
0.78
1.12
0.99
0.62
0.62
0.42
0.39
0.33
0.38
Machinery
2.36
3.30
2.83
2.07
1.47
0.89
0.84
0.79
0.82
1.48
1.82
1.67
1.47
0.83
0.47
0.31
0.29
0.30
Food and Tobacco
2.44
2.87
3.00
2.37
2.55
1.98
1.92
2.01
2.04
0.84
1.07
1.02
0.97
1.25
1.12
1.11
1.13
1.20
0.54
0.72
0.69
0.64
0.49
0.60
0.60
0.65
0.61
TFC
2003
Construction
0.96
1.36
1.35
0.79
0.37
0.19
0.21
0.22
0.21
Textile and Leather
1.05
1.54
1.39
0.98
0.86
0.41
0.40
0.37
0.34
Non Specified/Other
0.06
0.15
0.07
0.06
0.30
0.52
0.50
0.50
0.69
31.39
41.64
44.16
34.68
39.81
36.56
38.43
37.68
39.55
Agriculture
2.16
3.24
3.35
3.35
4.80
4.67
4.63
4.40
4.46
5.53
7.65
8.72
5.61
4.01
4.70
5.10
5.82
6.25
13.80
20.17
22.43
18.01
22.65
17.21
18.81
17.79
17.54
9.25
11.30
Residential
Transport
9.53
8.55
7.59
8.33
9.94
9.87
9.66

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.65
1.04
1.11
0.11
0.01
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
1.91
2.37
2.16
1.19
0.91
1.66
1.41
1.52
1.52
5.01
7.31
7.92
8.28
7.71
8.35
8.36
8.24
8.49
Total Industry
3.28
4.48
4.23
3.68
3.79
3.48
3.36
3.28
3.46
Iron and Steel
0.50
0.73
0.70
0.64
0.65
0.62
0.54
0.47
0.53
0.84
0.97
0.93
0.90
0.81
0.73
0.72
0.69
0.74
Non-ferrous Metals
0.18
0.23
0.21
0.19
0.26
0.31
0.31
0.30
0.30
0.23
0.36
0.32
0.27
0.30
0.28
0.27
0.26
0.27
Transport Equipment
0.14
0.18
0.18
0.11
0.14
0.13
0.12
0.12
0.13
Machinery
0.43
0.62
0.55
0.46
0.40
0.30
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.27
0.35
0.31
0.27
0.23
0.13
0.11
0.11
0.11
Food and Tobacco
0.18
0.25
0.26
0.25
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.34
0.37
0.14
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.21
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.26
0.07
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.08
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.11
Construction
0.09
0.22
0.23
0.11
0.07
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.06
Textile and Leather
0.21
0.29
0.25
0.18
0.16
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.10
Non Specified/Other
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.20
1.73
2.83
3.69
4.60
3.93
4.87
5.00
4.96
5.03
Agriculture
0.19
0.46
0.62
0.73
0.47
0.41
0.40
0.38
0.37
0.61
0.83
1.05
1.66
1.50
2.25
2.37
2.32
2.36
Residential
0.47
0.92
1.28
1.74
1.55
1.81
1.84
1.86
1.90
Transport
0.30
0.41
0.47
0.47
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.41

0.15
0.21
0.26
Poland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
67.16
96.51
109.20
108.82
109.14
107.66
111.61
2.9
0.2
Industry
38.12
52.13
42.74
40.45
39.01
38.18
40.19
0.7
-0.5
Transport
3.46
4.82
5.48
4.65
4.64
4.65
4.77
2.7
-1.1
Agriculture
2.24
5.37
8.50
4.75
4.61
4.41
4.29
8.2
-5.1
7.15
9.60
19.29
26.16
27.57
26.94
27.41
6.0
2.7
Residential
Energy(1)
5.48
10.72
20.22
21.03
21.38
21.66
22.05
8.0
0.7
8.92
11.49
12.96
11.77
11.93
11.82
12.90
2.2
-0.0
1.79
2.40
5.78
8.30
9.39
9.36
9.39
9.26
9.60
2.9
0.2

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
38.12
52.13
42.74
40.45
39.01
38.18
40.19
0.7
-0.5
5.87
8.50
7.48
7.19
6.26
5.45
6.15
1.4
-1.5
9.75
11.32
10.45
8.50
8.34
8.06
8.58
0.4
-1.5
Non-Ferrous Metals
2.05
2.72
2.16
3.65
3.65
3.52
3.51
0.3
3.8
2.66
4.23
3.17
3.29
3.12
3.05
3.15
1.0
-0.0
Transport Equipment
1.65
2.07
1.29
1.51
1.44
1.35
1.56
-1.4
1.5
Machinery
5.04
7.17
5.41
3.45
3.32
3.35
3.38
0.4
-3.5

Iron and Steel
90-03
3.09
4.07
3.19
1.46
1.34
1.30
1.29
0.2
-6.7
Food and Tobacco
2.05
2.96
2.86
3.76
3.74
3.98
4.26
2.0
3.1
1.64
1.81
1.96
2.67
2.70
2.77
3.00
1.0
3.3
0.79
1.19
1.27
1.34
1.36
1.54
1.23
2.8
-0.2
Construction
1.02
2.52
1.27
0.55
0.69
0.65
0.67
1.3
-4.8
2.45
3.39
2.14
1.25
1.15
1.16
1.14
-0.8
-4.7
Non Specified/Other
0.07
0.18
0.11
1.83
1.90
2.00
2.28
2.5
26.2

3.28
4.48
3.68
3.48
3.36
3.28
3.46
0.7
-0.5
Poland
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.01
4.16
5.46
10.44
4.36
3.29
4.31
4.47
4.99
4.02
2.50
3.08
3.08
2.83
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
0.12
0.06
0.06
0.09
0.06
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
3.90
2.01
1.32
1.87
2.76
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
0.43
1.70
1.12
0.01
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
2.01
4.16
5.46
10.44
0.34
0.79
1.23
1.39
2.16
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
0.34
0.79
1.23
1.39
2.16
0.16
0.64
0.80
1.23
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.34
0.63
0.59
0.59
0.93
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
2.01
4.16
5.46
10.44
Poland
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.77
4.40
7.57
11.48
7.16
9.66
11.04
11.54
15.15
7.16
9.66
11.04
11.54
15.15
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
1.66
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
2.77
7.22
7.82
8.44
9.49
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
2.73
0.69
1.19
0.61
0.28
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
2.73
Slovak Republic
1.70
2.02
2.29
Spain
Sweden
0.05
0.20
2.65
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
3.77
4.40
7.57
11.48
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
3.77
4.40
7.57
11.48
Poland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
16.17
21.77
26.09
25.61
27.23
28.67
28.74
28.92
29.57

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
0.79
1.30
1.98
1.98
2.05
2.18
2.23
2.21
2.27
0.15
0.65
1.33
1.21
1.37
1.37
1.37
1.37
1.37
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.04

Combustible Fuels
15.38
20.48
24.12
23.63
25.18
26.49
26.49
26.68
27.27
of which:
Single-fired:
15.38
20.48
24.12
23.63
25.18
26.31
26.32
26.28
26.73
Liquid Fuels
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Natural Gas
0.17
0.17
0.40
0.54
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
26.73
Type of Generation
Steam
15.38
20.48
24.12
23.63
25.18
26.32
26.32
26.28
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
0.17
0.17
0.40
0.54
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
13.45
17.09
20.05
22.90
22.69
22.80
23.06
23.86
23.45
Available Capacity
14.15
17.69
20.81
23.25
26.12
27.78
28.29
28.52
30.48
Poland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.45
2.95
2.95
2.36
2.24
1.89
1.93
1.89
1.84
Nuclear
Hydro
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
2.45
2.95
2.95
2.36
2.24
1.89
1.93
1.89
1.83
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
2.45
2.95
2.95
2.36
2.23
1.51
1.48
1.48
1.41
Liquid Fuels
0.35
0.40
0.36
0.36
Natural Gas
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
2.45
2.95
2.95
2.36
2.24
1.89
1.93
1.89
1.83
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
1.59
1.62
1.18
1.37
1.52
1.22
1.26
1.26
1.14
Available Capacity
1.59
1.62
1.18
1.37
1.52
1.22
1.26
1.26
1.14
Poland
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
122.66
489.7
..
128.59
431.6
..
131.52
534.8
..
140.74
621.9
..
145.87
633.6
..
239.9
508.7
..
251.4
448.4
..
257.2
555.6
..
275.2
646.0
..
285.2
658.2
..

Polish Zlotys/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
..
0.01
..
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
..
..
..
0.17
..
..
10.82
81.9
..
Polish Zlotys/ toe

0.4
..
..
23.1
85.1
..

Polish Zlotys/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
..
..
..
..
0.0003
-
0.0241
-
0.1603
-
0.1836
-
0.1990
0.0150
0.2189
0.0200
0.2193
0.0200
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0001
-
0.0001
-
0.0002
-
0.0098
-
0.2845
0.0513
0.3244
0.0585
0.3421
0.0767
0.3678
0.0863
0.3766
0.0879

Portugal
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
7.23
10.29
17.75
25.29
26.46
25.78
26.64
5.4
2.9
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
47.40
58.81
80.99
106.46
108.61
107.30
108.60
3.2
2.1
0.15
0.17
0.22
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.25
2.2
0.8
TPES/population(2)
8.64
9.77
9.90
10.23
10.37
10.44
10.45
0.8
0.4
0.84
1.05
1.79
2.47
2.55
2.47
2.55
4.6
2.5
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
115
144
156
160
158
161
2.2
0.8
100
141
169
209
221
233
..
3.1
..
947
1469
2379
3754
4002
4134
..
5.6
..
9.79
15.21
28.36
43.37
45.65
46.52
44.69
6.5
3.3
TPES (Mtoe)
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
7.23
10.29
17.75
25.29
26.46
25.78
26.64
5.4
2.9
Coal
0.51
0.43
2.76
3.81
3.48
3.28
3.37
10.5
1.4
Oil
5.45
8.30
11.71
15.53
16.45
15.28
15.53
4.6
2.0
2.03
2.73
2.64
3.30
0.64
0.72
2.48
2.77
2.84
2.85
2.86
8.3
1.0
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.07
25.1
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.06
0.09
16.2
0.63
0.69
0.79
0.97
0.67
1.35
0.85
1.3
0.6
-0.00
0.16
0.00
0.08
0.16
0.24
0.56
44.6
TPES (Mtoe)
Gas
Comb. Renew & Waste
Hydro
Heat

90-04
Portugal
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
-
6.2
7.4
8.1
9.3
11.7
14.4
8.3
16.1
0.3
of which:
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.5
Geothermal
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Combustible Fuels
Coal
1.7
2.5
7.2
19.2
31.8
31.8
37.4
30.2
0.3
0.4
0.3
9.1
14.7
13.6
15.2
14.5
Oil
Gas
1.3
1.9
6.5
9.4
8.4
9.3
11.4
6.2
7.1
7.2
9.0
7.7
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.7
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.8
Gross Production
7.9
9.8
15.3
28.5
43.8
46.5
46.1
46.9
0.2
0.2
0.5
1.2
1.5
1.7
1.7
1.5
Net Production(1)
7.8
9.6
14.7
27.3
42.2
44.8
44.4
45.4
Used for Heat Pumps

0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.5
5.9
Imports
0.2
0.1
2.3
1.7
4.7
3.7
5.3
Exports
0.0
0.1
0.5
1.7
3.8
3.5
3.4
3.1
7.9
9.5
16.5
27.1
42.6
44.6
45.6
47.7
0.9
1.2
1.9
3.2
3.6
4.1
3.5
3.9
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
6.9
8.2
14.3
23.5
38.4
39.9
41.5
43.2
7.9
9.8
15.2
28.4
43.4
46.2
45.7
46.5
8.1
9.8
17.1
28.5
44.7
46.7
48.0
49.6
14.6
24.0
38.9
40.5
42.1
43.8
7.0
8.3

Portugal
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
10.69
15.21
28.36
43.37
45.65
46.52
44.69
6.3
Coal
0.34
0.35
9.10
14.69
15.21
14.53
14.89
22.8
3.6
Oil
2.34
6.52
9.40
8.42
11.41
6.16
5.53
9.1
-3.7
Gas
3.3
7.14
9.04
7.74
11.83
0.18
0.32
0.69
1.55
1.73
1.78
1.62
8.8
6.3
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.10
0.09
0.08
24.3
53.6
0.00
0.17
0.36
0.50
0.82
7.83
8.02
9.16
11.32
7.80
15.72
9.92
1.0
0.6
0.06
0.06
0.15
0.39
0.46
0.33
0.28
5.7
4.7
Total
10.16
14.32
26.92
38.58
40.55
41.47
..
6.3
..
Coal
0.31
0.31
9.06
14.60
15.21
14.53
..
23.5
..
Oil
2.06
6.03
8.73
5.72
9.14
4.25
..
9.4
..
6.70
7.91
6.36
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Gas
0.01
0.04
0.04
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.10
0.09
..
..
0.00
0.17
0.36
0.50
..
..
7.79
7.98
9.13
11.31
7.79
15.71
..
1.0
..
0.06
0.06
0.15
0.39
0.46
0.33
..
5.7
..
Total
0.53
0.88
1.44
4.79
5.10
5.05
..
6.5
..
Coal
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.09
..
1.8
..
Oil
0.28
0.49
0.67
2.70
2.27
1.92
..
5.7
..
0.44
1.12
1.38
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
Gas
0.18
0.32
0.69
1.55
1.69
1.74
..
8.8
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
..
-1.5
..
..
..
Hydro

Portugal
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
892
1188
1523
5626
8380
9448
10621
3.6
Coal
892
1188
1523
4274
4133
3125
3459
3.6
9.5
Gas
1352
4247
6323
7162
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
892
1188
1491
2130
2031
2044
..
3.5
..
Coal
..
..
892
1188
1491
1981
1732
1569
..
3.5
..
Gas
149
299
475
..
..
..
..
..
..
Oil
80-95 95-04
24.1
of which:
Oil
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
32
3496
6349
7404
..
..
Coal
..
..
Autoproducers
Oil
32
2293
2401
1556
..
..
Gas
1203
3948
5848
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Portugal
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.93
9.82
10.75
15.26
28.50
43.76
46.51
46.11
46.85
6.21
7.35
7.89
8.07
9.30
11.72
14.38
8.26
16.05
0.33
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.15
0.39
0.34
0.46
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.11
0.10
0.09
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.17
0.26
0.36
0.50

Combustible Fuels
1.73
2.47
2.86
7.19
19.19
31.80
31.77
37.39
30.21
of which:
Coal
0.28
0.39
0.34
0.35
9.10
14.69
13.62
15.21
14.53
Oil
1.30
1.88
2.34
6.52
9.40
8.42
9.34
11.41
6.16
Gas
(1)
7.14
7.21
9.04
7.74
0.14
0.20
0.18
0.32
0.69
1.55
1.60
1.73
1.78
7.77
9.59
10.48
14.73
27.28
42.22
44.84
44.39
45.38
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
7.77
7.93
9.14
11.58
14.22
8.14
15.87
0.32
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.06
0.06
0.14
0.38
0.33
0.44
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.11
0.10
0.09
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.00
0.17
0.25
0.36
0.49
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
2.71
6.80
18.14
30.39
30.27
35.79
28.93

Portugal
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
491
846
1437
4791
4655
5103
5049
8.4
326
13
313
-
507
9
498
-
550
5
545
-
558
3
555
-
571
2
569
-
483
53
139
5
3
2
259
22
-
839
50
240
3
520
3
23
1098
45
145
19
852
2
35
-
3661
93
408
125
37
228
1588
284
8
890
-
3486
16
273
91
27
17
200
1782
216
5
859
-
3870
428
106
23
33
269
1723
232
1056
-
3762
541
102
20
53
267
1800
230
749
-
7.3
4.8
6.8
18.4
6.9
12.9
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
8
8
7
7
13
12
1
-
623
571
52
-
619
562
57
-
675
607
68
-
716
660
56
-
16.8
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Portugal
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
0.70
1.69
4.31
6.56
6.55
7.63
6.30
11.3
3.0
Coal
0.22
0.10
2.05
3.24
2.97
3.30
3.14
14.1
3.3
Oil
0.43
1.51
2.11
1.79
2.03
2.44
1.38
9.9
-3.2
1.17
1.19
1.52
1.41
0.06
0.08
0.15
0.36
0.35
0.37
0.38
5.6
7.4
Total
..
1.49
4.02
5.59
5.60
6.61
5.21
..
2.0
Coal
..
0.09
2.03
3.20
2.96
3.30
3.14
..
3.4
Oil
..
1.41
1.99
1.31
1.63
2.04
1.00
..
-5.2
Gas
..
1.08
1.00
1.26
1.05
..
..
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
..
Gas

(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.08
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Thermal
Total
27.5
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.08
27.8
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
8.8
0.63
0.69
0.79
0.99
1.23
0.70
1.39
1.3
4.5
0.63
0.69
0.79
0.97
1.21
0.67
1.35
1.3
4.2
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
61.2
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Portugal
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

212
3259
5171
4788
5401
5139
14.9
3584
84866
133879
123965
138093
131374
17.0
311
9059
14595
13606
15212
14527
18.2
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)

1277
1976
1197
1532
1961
897
-1.5
49115
79414
48181
61891
78850
36289
-1.3
5656
8534
5191
6652
8636
3831
-1.7
Fuel Input (TJ)
49183
46155
58029
47292
6620
6307
7874
6233
Fuel Input (TJ)
169
351
641
797
21
42
43
Fuel Input (TJ)
173
Fuel Input (TJ)
7295
7308
7632
7925
514
511
523
551
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
52699
164280
238707
239670
283245
223850
6.5

5967
17593
26927
27097
32287
25188
6.5

Fuel Input (TJ)

Portugal
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
601
38
-
833
45
-
1922
93
-
418
16
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
241
9706
866
892
226
9071
865
1188
680
27577
3230
4274
585
23708
2686
3854
590
23903
2771
4133
538
21805
2331
3125
3.6
3.6
4.4
5.6

Fuel Input (TJ)
5299
518
1352
9170
905
2911
12557
1163
4247
18253
1507
6323
3450
319
-
6253
689
-
7382
1030
-
7068
1065
-
7357
1166
-
6830
1180
-
3.0
5.9
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
39
3
-
35
3
-
43856
5103
8380
46923
5021
9448
5.5
6.3
10.8

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
48
37
2
3
Fuel Input (TJ)
13757
16157
42228
40401
1223
1599
4873
4675
892
1188
5626
6765
Portugal
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
6.11
8.30
14.00
20.23
20.34
20.78
20.86
5.0
3.1
0.19
0.20
0.59
0.43
0.19
0.18
0.14
6.9
-10.6
4.59
6.16
8.97
13.10
13.08
13.17
13.09
4.0
3.0
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.83
1.04
1.18
1.21
0.5
27.3
0.58
0.64
2.33
2.41
2.40
2.46
2.47
8.5
0.5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
4.9
0.70
1.23
2.02
3.30
3.43
3.57
3.71
6.4
4.8
0.02
0.03
0.13
0.16
0.20
0.23
17.3
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.54
3.58
6.38
7.95
7.48
7.71
7.49
5.6
1.2
0.14
0.19
0.59
0.43
0.19
0.18
0.14
9.0
-10.6
1.64
2.36
3.53
4.09
3.66
3.70
3.45
4.6
-0.2
0.00
0.00
0.66
0.83
0.92
0.92
0.32
0.31
1.18
1.26
1.25
1.31
1.32
8.0
0.9
0.44
0.71
1.05
1.37
1.39
1.42
1.45
5.3
2.5
0.02
0.03
0.13
0.15
0.19
0.21
16.8
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.95
2.61
3.82
6.67
6.70
6.90
7.26
4.1
5.1
0.02
0.00
0.00
1.91
2.59
3.80
6.64
6.67
6.86
7.21
4.1
5.1
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
2.1
2.6
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.37
0.33
0.47
0.73
0.51
0.48
0.46
1.3
-0.1
0.37
0.32
0.44
0.66
0.44
0.40
0.38
1.1
-1.2
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.08
10.2
9.7
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Portugal
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.25
0.14
0.01
0.10
-
0.44
0.00
0.21
0.01
0.22
-
0.60
0.00
0.17
0.01
0.01
0.42
-
1.40
0.34
0.07
0.00
0.01
0.97
0.00
1.87
0.74
0.09
0.00
0.01
1.03
0.00
1.93
0.75
0.11
0.00
0.01
1.06
0.00
1.85
0.58
0.12
0.00
0.01
1.13
0.00
5.2
0.9
-0.7
8.9
-
9.0
10.0
20.1
0.7
8.0
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.82
0.04
0.36
0.02
0.26
0.14
-
1.04
0.00
0.40
0.02
0.33
0.28
-
2.30
0.00
0.60
0.04
1.15
0.00
0.51
-
2.82
0.69
0.10
1.15
0.01
0.86
0.00
2.88
0.68
0.12
1.15
0.01
0.91
0.00
3.01
0.71
0.15
1.15
0.01
0.98
0.01
3.14
0.79
0.16
1.15
0.01
1.02
0.01
6.3
-21.0
3.1
3.7
9.1
7.7
-
2.4
2.2
10.9
9.8
5.5
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.01
0.01
-
0.01
0.00
0.01
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
-
Heat

Portugal
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
6.11
8.30
9.39
14.00
15.91
20.23
20.34
20.78
20.86
Total Industry
2.54
3.58
4.31
6.38
6.35
7.95
7.48
7.71
7.49
Iron and Steel
0.12
0.21
0.17
0.19
0.20
0.22
0.14
0.13
0.16
0.44
0.57
1.26
2.17
1.98
2.19
1.94
2.04
2.27
Non-ferrous Metals
0.02
0.13
0.14
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.83
1.15
1.08
1.36
1.41
2.11
2.07
2.21
1.82
Transport Equipment
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.09
0.09
0.07
0.07
Machinery
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.16
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.09
Food and Tobacco
0.30
0.34
0.40
0.42
0.41
0.51
0.49
0.57
0.53
0.18
0.33
0.39
0.96
1.11
1.25
1.20
1.17
1.21
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.13
0.14
0.22
0.20
0.16
0.14
TFC
Construction
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.18
0.28
0.35
0.37
0.39
0.32
Textile and Leather
0.26
0.39
0.37
0.58
0.46
0.62
0.60
0.58
0.54
Non Specified/Other
0.21
0.20
0.19
0.15
0.13
0.14
0.12
0.13
0.16
3.40
4.43
4.82
7.19
8.94
11.62
11.96
12.32
12.70
Agriculture
0.37
0.33
0.41
0.47
0.49
0.73
0.51
0.48
0.46
0.25
0.44
0.45
0.60
0.91
1.40
1.87
1.93
1.85
Residential
0.82
1.04
1.24
2.30
2.58
2.82
2.88
3.01
3.14
Transport
1.95
2.61
2.71
3.82
4.97
6.67
6.70
6.90
7.26

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.28
0.27
0.43
0.62
0.66
0.90
0.75
0.67
0.70
1.23
1.52
2.02
2.48
3.30
3.43
3.57
3.71
Total Industry
0.44
0.71
0.81
1.05
1.14
1.37
1.39
1.42
1.45
Iron and Steel
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.11
0.14
0.17
0.18
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.21
Non-ferrous Metals
0.02
0.07
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.06
0.10
0.12
0.15
0.15
0.19
0.20
0.20
0.19
Transport Equipment
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Machinery
0.02
0.05
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Food and Tobacco
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.13
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.04
0.07
0.09
0.13
0.15
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.19
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.06
Construction
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
Textile and Leather
0.08
0.11
0.13
0.21
0.22
0.20
0.19
0.20
0.18
Non Specified/Other
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.03
0.04
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.13
0.26
0.53
0.71
0.97
1.34
1.93
2.04
2.15
2.27
Agriculture
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.10
0.22
0.29
0.42
0.59
0.97
1.03
1.06
1.13
Residential
0.14
0.28
0.38
0.51
0.68
0.86
0.91
0.98
1.02
Transport
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04

Portugal
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
8.32
14.60
23.95
38.94
40.54
42.12
43.80
6.4
4.8
Industry
5.11
8.21
12.22
15.95
16.16
16.47
16.82
5.3
2.5
Transport
0.22
0.25
0.31
0.36
0.36
0.41
0.44
2.1
2.6
Agriculture
0.05
0.11
0.27
0.72
0.78
0.85
0.89
10.2
9.7
1.13
2.51
4.83
11.29
12.01
12.36
13.19
8.9
8.0
Residential
Energy(1)
1.67
3.28
5.92
10.06
10.63
11.38
11.84
7.7
5.5
0.14
0.26
0.41
0.57
0.60
0.64
0.64
6.5
3.6
0.72
1.26
2.06
3.35
3.49
3.62
3.77
6.4
4.8


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
5.11
8.21
12.22
15.95
16.16
16.47
16.82
5.3
90-03
2.5
Iron and Steel
0.26
0.49
0.61
0.82
0.75
0.86
1.09
5.1
4.5
0.89
1.30
2.00
2.31
2.30
2.33
2.48
4.9
1.7
Non-Ferrous Metals
0.26
0.86
0.15
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
-3.2
-1.8
0.73
1.16
1.76
2.25
2.31
2.35
2.23
5.3
1.8
Transport Equipment
0.10
0.16
0.24
0.49
0.51
0.48
0.48
5.4
5.4
Machinery
0.27
0.56
0.88
1.02
1.06
1.07
1.13
7.1
2.0
0.07
0.10
0.32
0.42
0.47
0.44
0.46
9.2
2.8
Food and Tobacco
0.40
0.70
1.10
1.56
1.58
1.60
1.64
6.2
3.1
0.46
0.82
1.47
2.05
2.10
2.00
2.23
7.0
3.3
0.19
0.33
0.62
0.92
0.91
0.95
0.68
7.3
0.7
Construction
0.04
0.06
0.21
0.56
0.63
0.67
0.68
9.7
9.5
0.89
1.27
2.46
2.33
2.24
2.33
2.08
6.2
-1.3
Non Specified/Other
0.56
0.41
0.40
1.11
1.20
1.27
1.53
-1.9
10.8

0.44
0.71
1.05
1.37
1.39
1.42
1.45
5.3
2.5
Portugal
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.07
2.35
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.74
5.33
5.90
0.07
2.35
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.74
5.33
5.90
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
0.07
2.35
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.74
5.33
5.90
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Portugal
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.08
0.52
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.50
3.43
3.10
0.08
0.52
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.50
3.43
3.10
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
0.08
0.52
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.50
3.43
3.10
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Portugal
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.72
4.11
5.56
6.86
8.63
9.78
9.88
10.02
10.40

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
2.11
2.50
3.05
3.33
4.40
4.52
4.55
4.58
4.58
0.34
0.56
0.56
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
Geothermal
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.01
0.08
0.13
0.19
0.27

Combustible Fuels
0.62
1.61
2.51
3.53
4.22
5.16
5.19
5.24
5.53
1.78
of which:
Single-fired:
0.28
1.17
1.78
1.78
1.78
1.78
Liquid Fuels
0.48
1.47
2.09
2.23
2.30
1.67
1.70
1.75
1.62
Natural Gas
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.42
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
Solid / Natural Gas
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
Type of Generation
Steam
2.13
3.02
3.68
3.55
3.54
3.54
3.54
Internal Combustion
0.05
0.18
0.20
0.30
0.33
0.38
0.42
Gas Turbine
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.20
Combined Cycle
0.99
0.99
0.99
1.38
0.62
1.61
Peak Load
..
..
..
5.03
5.25
6.56
7.14
7.39
8.05
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
Portugal
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.19
0.33
0.45
0.53
0.68
1.12
1.11
1.22
1.22
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.17
0.32
0.44
0.52
0.68
1.11
1.10
1.21
1.22
Hydro
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
0.04
0.18
0.29
0.34
0.46
0.67
0.64
0.65
0.66
Natural Gas
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.15
0.18
0.24
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.21
0.13
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.22
0.21
0.20
0.23
Solid / Natural Gas
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
Type of Generation
Steam
0.36
0.41
0.43
0.53
0.53
0.61
0.59
Internal Combustion
0.08
0.11
0.25
0.59
0.58
0.60
0.62
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
0.17
0.32
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
Portugal
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
32.81
161.32
..
43.09
131.74
..
34.29
151.98
..
33.96
160.51
171.77
46.28
148.53
180.08
57
168
..
75
137
..
60
158
..
59
167
191
80
155
200

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
5.97
14.47
x
9.64
32.42
x
48.24
94.77
x
10
15
x
17
34
x
84
99
x
36.47
74.30
x
Euro/ toe
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
63
77
x

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0059
-
0.0113
-
0.0507
-
0.0697
-
0.0727
-
0.0736
-
0.0726
-
0.0734
-
0.0747
-
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0102
-
0.0177
-
0.0651
0.0056
0.1046
0.0157
0.1297
0.0062
0.1314
0.0063
0.1346
0.0064
0.1382
0.0066
0.1411
0.0067

Slovak Republic
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
15.50
20.68
21.43
17.79
18.52
18.52
17.99
1.9
-1.2
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
13.51
16.02
18.55
20.29
22.03
23.01
24.20
1.9
1.9
1.15
1.29
1.16
0.88
0.84
0.80
0.74
0.0
-3.1
TPES/population(2)
4.64
4.98
5.30
5.40
5.39
5.38
5.38
0.8
0.1
3.34
4.15
4.05
3.29
3.44
3.44
3.34
1.1
-1.4
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
112
101
76
73
70
65
0.0
-3.1
100
130
138
119
113
109
..
1.9
..
2653
3818
4421
4077
4214
4268
..
3.0
..
12.30
19.97
23.43
30.33
32.21
30.99
30.25
3.9
1.8
(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
15.50
20.68
21.43
17.79
18.52
18.52
17.99
1.9
-1.2
Coal
7.96
7.95
7.72
4.27
4.24
4.56
4.52
-0.2
-3.8
Oil
5.37
7.47
4.71
2.87
3.27
3.13
3.00
-0.8
-3.2
Gas
1.56
3.42
5.09
5.77
5.87
5.67
5.50
7.2
0.6
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.41
0.31
0.34
0.35
-0.5
5.1
Nuclear
0.06
1.18
3.14
4.30
4.72
4.70
4.49
26.1
2.6
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.19
0.16
0.40
0.45
0.30
0.35
2.1
5.6
0.24
0.29
0.45
-0.23
-0.36
-0.19
-0.22
3.6
0.00
0.00
0.00
TPES (Mtoe)
Geothermal
Hydro
Heat

90-04
Slovak Republic
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.2
4.5
12.0
16.5
17.1
18.0
17.9
1.5
1.3
2.4
2.5
5.0
5.1
5.5
3.7
of which:
-
0.1
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.2
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
Combustible Fuels
Coal
9.4
10.7
13.2
9.5
9.2
9.8
8.9
9.6
7.2
7.9
7.6
7.6
5.6
6.2
5.6
6.4
1.6
2.2
3.6
0.8
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.5
0.6
2.0
1.2
3.3
2.7
2.5
2.4
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
10.9
12.3
20.1
24.1
30.7
32.0
32.4
31.2
1.4
1.6
2.5
2.9
3.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
Net Production(1)
9.4
10.7
17.6
21.2
27.3
29.6
29.9
28.7
0.0
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Used for Heat Pumps

0.0 e
0.0 e
0.0
0.0 e
0.0 e
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.2
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
Imports
2.6
3.0
3.5
7.3
6.0
6.1
6.7
8.6
Exports
0.2
0.2
0.2
2.1
8.6
9.7
10.9
10.9
11.7
13.4
20.7
25.2
24.2
25.7
25.5
26.2
1.0
1.1
1.7
1.8
1.7
1.3
1.1
2.0
0.5
0.9
1.7
1.3
10.8
12.3
19.0
23.4
22.0
23.5
22.7
23.0
10.9
12.3
20.0
23.4
30.3
31.9
32.2
31.0
13.2
15.1
23.4
29.3
28.0
28.4
28.3
28.9
19.0
23.4
22.5
24.3
24.4 e
24.2 e
10.8
12.3

Slovak Republic
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
12.89
19.97
23.43
30.33
32.21
30.99
30.25
3.8
1.8
Coal
6.58
7.56
7.55
5.64
5.58
6.40
6.08
0.9
-1.5
Oil
2.81
3.58
0.81
0.20
0.70
0.71
0.67
-7.5
-1.3
Gas
0.79
2.04
1.16
3.34
2.51
2.40
2.28
2.4
5.0
0.03
0.16
0.11
0.11
0.49
4.52
12.04
16.49
17.95
17.86
17.03
22.2
2.5

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.04
0.03
0.03
2.22
2.26
1.88
4.62
5.27
3.48
4.06
-1.0
5.6
0.11
0.64
0.36
0.22
0.19
0.11
-12.0
Total
12.89
19.97
23.43
30.33
29.61
28.49
..
3.8
..
Coal
6.58
7.56
7.55
5.64 e
4.38
5.13
..
0.9
..
Oil
2.81
3.58
0.81
0.20 e
0.01
0.02
..
-7.5
..
Gas
0.79
2.04
1.16
3.34 e
2.26
2.18
..
2.4
..
0.03 e
0.01
0.00
..
..
0.49
4.52
12.04
16.49
17.95
17.86
..
22.2
..
..
..
..
..
2.22
2.26
1.88
4.62
4.99
3.29
..
-1.0
..
0.11
0.64
0.36
0.22
0.19
..
..
Total
2.60
2.49
..
..
Coal
1.19
1.26
..
..
Oil
0.69
0.69
..
..
Gas
0.25
0.21
..
..
Hydro
of which:

Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
Autoproducers
0.15
0.11
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.04
0.03
..
..
Hydro
0.28
0.19
..
..
..
..

Slovak Republic
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
27226
35880
38538
33028
51122
55586
59108
2.3
Coal
11675
7782
8891
12021
12775
1.0
Oil
3340
5810
861
218
924
982
-17.9
Gas
80-95 95-04
4.9
9986
11828
18191
21493
38802
39403
41913
4.1
9.7
2862
2892
1126
1040
1105
-10.0
17240
20712
Nuclear
1909
2015
2141
Geothermal
159
139
148
Solar
35
35
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
27226
35880
38538
33028
41879
46118
..
2.3
..
Coal
11675 e
7782 e
8008
11008
..
Oil
3340
5810 e
861 e
35
260
..
9986
11828
21493 e
31612
32700
..
4.1
..
2892 e
of which:
Gas
17240
20712
18191
2862 e
-
225
55
..
..
..
Nuclear
1909
2015
..
..
Geothermal
90
80
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
9243
9468
..
..
Coal
883
1013
..
..
Autoproducers
Oil
183
Gas
7190
6703
664 e
..
..
..
..
901
985
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
69
59
..
..
35
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
8 e
8 e
..
..
1 e
1 e
..
..
Electric Boilers
Slovak Republic
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
10.87
12.30
12.89
20.08
24.07
30.69
32.05
32.43
31.18
0.23
0.49
4.52
12.04
16.49
17.10
17.95
17.86
1.48
1.32
2.22
2.37
2.52
4.98
5.12
5.48
3.67
0.19
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.11
0.64
0.36
0.19
0.22
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00

Combustible Fuels
0.05
0.04
0.03
9.39
10.75
10.18
13.19
9.52
9.22
9.77
8.95
9.61
of which:
Coal
7.21
7.92
6.58
7.56
7.55
5.64
6.22
5.58
6.40
Oil
1.64
2.18
2.81
3.58
0.81
0.20
0.69
0.70
0.71
Gas
0.54
0.65
0.79
2.04
1.16
3.34
2.70
2.51
2.40
0.03
0.16
0.16
0.11

9.44
10.67
11.17
17.55
21.20
27.32
29.61
29.94
28.72
Nuclear
..
..
15.68
16.26
16.34
Hydro
..
..
5.03
5.40
3.61
0.19
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.19
0.21
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.00
..
..
0.05
0.03
Combustible Fuels
..
..
8.85
8.28
8.74

Slovak Republic
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total
..
..
..
..
2522
2447
2306
..
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2293
961
860
33
5
10
19
310
2
67
25
1
2222
1055
758
35
6
14
17
322
4
8
3
2115
1032
740
59
23
7
19
224
2
6
3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
229
229
-
225
224
1
-
191
190
1
-
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Slovak Republic
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
2.47
3.21
2.99
4.27
3.54
3.13
3.53
1.1
1.3
Coal
1.92
2.22
2.19 e
2.28 e
1.84
1.60
1.98
0.8
-0.8
Oil
0.42
0.65
0.28
0.11
0.09
0.10
0.12
-2.4
-6.3
Gas
0.12
0.34
0.51
1.79
1.56
1.36 e
1.37
8.8
7.8
0.09
0.05
0.07
0.06
Total
..
2.99
2.88
4.27
2.80
2.59
2.96
..
0.2
Coal
..
2.22
2.19 e
2.28 e
1.60
1.43
1.77
..
-1.6
Oil
..
0.43
0.18
0.11
0.01
0.00
0.01
..
-18.5
Gas
..
0.34
0.51
1.79
1.19
1.15 e
1.17
..
6.6
..
0.09
0.00
0.01
0.00
..


(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.06
1.18
3.14
4.30
4.51
4.72
4.70
26.1
3.2
Thermal
Total
0.06
1.18
3.14
4.30
4.51
4.72
4.70
26.1
3.2
Geothermal
Solar
0.11
0.19
0.16
0.40
0.43
0.46
0.30
2.1
4.9
0.11
0.19
0.16
0.40
0.42
0.45
0.30
2.1
4.9
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Slovak Republic
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1850
1834 e
1225
37120
36940 e
31238
4119
4472
3369 e
3817
3602
2219
2106
1813
1068
-5.4
46570
43560
27072
21878
18750
10936
-6.1
3384
3034
1912
1627
902
-5.6
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1962
2926 e
57
48
54 e
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
2215 e
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
1
41
3.1
40
120
1681
211
131
94
3.8
202 e
11
Fuel Input (TJ)
22294 e
3823
3344 e
325
Fuel Input (TJ)
10
Fuel Input (TJ)
180 e
32 e
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
13
21
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
83730

7560
82582 e
85391 e
25935
18903
11037
-8.4
7554
9216
2241
1640
911
-8.8

Slovak Republic
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
1421
35720 e
3184
7621
1345
33756
3141
3906
1540
38509
3553
3646
1404
16672
726
8136
814
9201
387
4439
2256
29919
1511
7473
2254
402
117
2399
420
126
2601
429
140

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
578
23230
3583
-
254
10210
806
1890
88
3578
687
122
92
3696
693
117
117
4765
700
674
-6.7
-6.7
-6.9
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
13874
2044
9986
28037
1156
11828
39966
2374
14620
36267 e
2511
16089
34569
2396
15704
4.0
0.7
2.0

Fuel Input (TJ)
1136
153
215
1038
150
95
1054
84
486
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
165
6
81
283
6
212
29
1
24
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
844
26
65
75
1
20
112365
8701
28232
4.9
1.9
0.2
1980
1990
2000

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
37104
38247
5627
1962
27226
34430
99491 e
7532
30912
86640 e
7308
24984
Slovak Republic
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
588
Fuel Input (TJ)
14994
91
36
219
75
31
141
Fuel Input (1000 t)
1356
50
29
72
Fuel Input (TJ)
16543
664
448
840
510
328
600
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
5927 e
108
95
33
1464 e
69
61
21
4498 e
1820 e
Peat

93
36
70
-10.1
3740
1450
2870
99
164
317 e
-10.2
1450
861 e
74
101
250 e
Fuel Input (TJ)
64984 e
28619
26630
28934
21493 e
22966
22713
23699
Fuel Input (TJ)
194
723
280
167
248
187
Fuel Input (TJ)
3708 e
66
856
81
2892 e
44
414
67
Fuel Input (TJ)
589
173
230
366
154
191
3740
1450
109026 e
30430
29130
30934 e

1450
33028 e
24271
24053
25156
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
9.6
-
Slovak Republic
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
10.90
13.99
16.11
10.68
11.67
11.71
11.25
2.3
-2.7
3.84
3.64
4.26
1.10
1.29
1.33
1.22
0.6
-9.2
3.87
5.08
4.59
3.35
2.69
3.04
2.87
1.0
-3.6
1.40
2.99
4.42
3.70
4.35
4.13
3.89
7.0
-1.0
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.02
0.27
0.23
0.28
-0.5
3.7
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.06
1.64
2.01
1.89
2.02
1.95
1.97
3.9
-0.2
0.53
0.45
0.65
0.62
1.06
1.02
1.03
1.2
3.6
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
5.86
8.10
8.16
4.46
4.27
4.15
4.69
2.0
-4.2
2.66
2.54
2.44
0.84
1.05
0.99
1.09
-0.5
-6.0
1.46
2.84
2.15
1.00
0.85
0.83
0.79
2.3
-7.5
0.82
1.42
2.09
1.74
1.27
1.31
1.40
5.6
-3.0
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.02
0.25
0.22
0.27
-0.5
3.6
0.72
1.11
1.29
0.84
0.83
0.78
0.98
3.5
-2.1
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.16
-0.8
18.3
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.70
1.32
1.08
1.44
2.06
2.28
2.21
-2.6
5.7
1.65
1.23
0.98
1.36
1.44
1.77
1.68
-3.0
4.2
0.55
0.45
0.47
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.06
3.6
-3.6
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.12
0.90
0.86
0.28
0.31
0.17
0.24
12.0
-9.2
0.09
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
-22.9
0.62
0.47
0.16
0.08
0.07
0.07
-13.3
0.04
0.16
0.16
0.05
0.17
0.04
0.08
9.1
-5.5
0.00 e
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.07
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.08
2.4
-1.8
0.01 e
0.01
0.01
0.01
2.0
-10.6
0.02
0.02
0.03
Slovak Republic
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.54
0.33
0.09
0.12
1.48
0.29
0.94
0.14
0.10
2.71
0.72
0.15
1.40
0.21
0.23
1.33
0.20
0.01
0.48
0.00
0.45
0.18 e
1.73
0.15
0.07
0.70
0.02
0.00
0.62
0.16
1.85
0.21
0.06
0.72
0.00
0.00
0.65
0.21
1.02
0.04
0.04
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.42
0.18
9.9
8.9
5.0
3.9
-7.3
-20.5
-10.0
-10.4
5.6
-1.9
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.72
0.02
0.21
0.13
0.36
1.01
0.02
0.47
0.21
0.31
2.48
1.01
0.02
0.77
0.32
0.37
2.36
0.05
0.01
1.43
0.00 e
0.47
0.41 e
3.06
0.08
0.01
1.66
0.00
0.45
0.87
2.96
0.13
0.02
1.60
0.42
0.78
2.82
0.08
0.01
1.61
0.43
0.68
7.5
0.4
7.9
5.2
0.1
1.0
-17.6
-3.9
5.8
2.5
4.9
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
1.66
1.19
0.47
-
1.11
1.10
0.00
-
0.01
0.01
-
-28.7
-23.2
-
Heat
2000
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03

Slovak Republic
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
10.90
13.99
14.28
16.11
10.41
10.68
11.67
11.71
11.25
Total Industry
5.86
8.10
8.02
8.16
4.14
4.46
4.27
4.15
4.69
Iron and Steel
1.06
0.84
0.89
0.92
1.16
1.12
1.02
1.00
1.17
0.21
0.56
0.82
0.93
1.15
1.13
1.28
Non-ferrous Metals
0.17
0.19
0.21
0.06
0.09
0.55
0.49
0.48
Transport Equipment
0.02
0.03
0.07
0.06
0.11
Machinery
0.06
0.08
0.17
0.17
0.22
0.01
0.01
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.24
TFC
Food and Tobacco
0.07
0.10
0.21
0.29
0.05
0.06
0.44
0.43
0.48
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.04
0.06
Construction
0.06
0.05
0.21
0.09
0.09
Textile and Leather
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.07
0.15
Non Specified/Other
4.59
7.27
7.13
6.69
1.78
1.95
0.11
0.14
0.14
4.75
5.80
6.06
7.13
5.87
5.42
7.16
7.26
6.29
Agriculture
0.12
0.90
0.79
0.86
0.40
0.28
0.31
0.17
0.24
0.54
1.48
1.76
2.71
1.96
1.33
1.73
1.85
1.02
Residential
0.72
1.01
1.28
2.48
2.13
2.36
3.06
2.96
2.82
Transport
1.70
1.32
1.00
1.08
1.37
1.44
2.06
2.28
2.21

Non-Energy Use(1)
1.66
1.11
1.23
0.01
0.28
0.08
0.21
0.82
0.41
0.80
0.25
0.30
0.27
1.06
1.64
1.84
2.01
1.87
1.89
2.02
1.95
1.97
Total Industry
0.72
1.11
1.25
1.29
0.79
0.84
0.83
0.78
0.98
Iron and Steel
0.23
0.28
0.21
0.13
0.21
0.10
0.12
0.09
0.12
0.13
Non-ferrous Metals
0.14
0.14
0.17
0.06
0.09
0.06
0.07
0.09
Transport Equipment
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
Machinery
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.04
0.06
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Food and Tobacco
0.07
0.10
0.08
0.09
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
Construction
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
Textile and Leather
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.09
Non Specified/Other
0.72
1.11
1.25
1.29
0.15
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.34
0.53
0.60
0.72
1.08
1.06
1.18
1.18
1.00
Agriculture
0.07
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.08
0.09
0.14
0.15
0.21
0.46
0.45
0.62
0.65
0.42
Residential
0.13
0.21
0.25
0.32
0.43
0.47
0.45
0.42
0.43
Transport
0.05
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.12
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.06

Slovak Republic
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
12.31
19.02
23.41
22.50
24.34
24.39
24.22
3.9
0.3
Industry
8.32
12.86
15.01
9.74
9.68
9.02
11.35
3.5
-2.1
Transport
0.63
0.98
1.16
0.97
0.77
0.72
0.73
3.6
-3.6
Agriculture
0.77
1.19
1.15
0.62
0.53
0.51
0.92
2.4
-1.8
1.05
1.62
2.41
5.27
7.25
7.55
4.93
5.0
5.6
Residential
Energy(1)
1.54
2.39
3.68
5.42
5.22
4.91
5.04
5.2
2.5
0.49
0.89
1.68
1.27
1.06
1.64
2.01
1.94
2.09
2.10
2.08
3.9
0.3


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
8.32
12.86
15.01
9.74
9.68
9.02
11.35
3.5
-2.1
Iron and Steel
..
..
..
3.25
2.46
1.54
2.42
..
..
..
..
1.45
1.06
1.42
1.46
..
Non-Ferrous Metals
..
..
..
1.67
1.68
2.02
..
..
..
..
1.02
0.70
0.86
1.01
..
Transport Equipment
..
..
..
0.25
0.11
0.15
0.18
..
Machinery
..
..
..
0.84
1.09
0.50
0.74
..
..
..
..
0.13
0.11
0.12
0.10
..
Food and Tobacco
..
..
..
1.12
0.97
1.08
0.53
..
..
..
..
0.68
0.73
0.80
0.91
..
..
..
..
0.21
0.19
0.18
0.16
..
Construction
..
..
..
0.13
0.14
0.12
0.30
..
..
..
..
0.33
0.18
0.19
1.05
..
Non Specified/Other
..
..
..
0.34
0.29
0.38
0.47
3.5
..

0.72
1.11
1.29
0.84
0.83
0.78
0.98
3.5
-2.1
Slovak Republic
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.02
3.50
4.87
7.26
3.45
5.95
6.07
6.71
8.62
1.87
5.95
5.74
6.60
8.55
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
1.57
4.25
3.71
4.31
5.82
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
0.31
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
1.70
2.02
2.29
2.73
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
3.02
3.50
4.87
7.26
1.57
0.33
0.11
0.08
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
1.57
0.33
0.11
0.08
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
1.57
0.33
0.11
0.08
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
3.02
3.50
4.87
7.26
Slovak Republic
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.18
0.18
0.68
2.06
2.07
8.65
9.74
10.87
10.88
2.07
8.65
9.53
10.02
9.59
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
1.36
1.25
1.21
0.86
0.54
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
0.71
7.40
8.32
9.16
9.05
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.18
0.18
0.68
2.06
0.22
0.85
1.29
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
0.22
0.85
1.29
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
0.22
0.85
1.29
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
0.18
0.18
0.68
2.06
Slovak Republic
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
7.24
7.45
7.61
7.46
7.52
Nuclear
1.76
2.64
2.64
2.64
2.64
Hydro
2.26
2.42
2.41
2.41
2.41
0.74
0.74 e
0.92
0.92
0.92
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
3.22
2.39
2.56
2.41
2.47
1.21

of which:
Single-fired:
..
..
1.20
1.20
Liquid Fuels
..
..
Natural Gas
..
..
0.39
0.54
0.34
..
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
0.21
0.13
0.11
..
..
0.72
0.50
0.72
..
..
0.04
0.04
0.08
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
2.29
2.14
2.20
Internal Combustion
..
..
0.00
0.01
0.01
Gas Turbine
..
..
0.02
0.01
0.01
Combined Cycle
..
..
0.25
0.25
0.25
Other
..
..
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Slovak Republic
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
0.72
0.61
0.69
Nuclear
Hydro
0.09
0.09
0.09
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.01
0.01
Combustible Fuels
0.62
0.52
0.59
AUTOPRODUCERS
of which:
Single-fired:
0.03
0.00
0.03
Liquid Fuels
0.01
0.01
Natural Gas
0.08
0.07
0.08
0.01
0.01
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
0.25
0.25
0.27
0.13
0.16
0.14
0.11
0.05
0.05
Type of Generation
Steam
0.59
0.49
0.55
Internal Combustion
0.01
0.00
0.00
Gas Turbine
0.01
0.01
0.01
Combined Cycle
0.00
0.01
0.01
Other
0.01
0.01
0.02
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Slovak Republic
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
..
4689.8
..
x
5139.8
..
x
5971.0
..
x
8108.0
..
x
7832.0
..
..
5211
..
x
5711
..
x
6634
..
x
9009
..
x
8702

Slovak Crowns/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
54
1020
830.0
60
1020
976.0
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
266
1052
922
296
1052
1084
98
2230
2448.0
135
2190
1777.5
Slovak Crowns/ toe

483
2300
2720
665
2259
1975

Slovak Crowns/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.30
-
0.35
-
0.45
-
0.52
..
1.95
0.02
2.08
0.02
2.15
0.01
2.57
-
2.67
-
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.50
-
0.55
-
0.52
..
0.50
..
2.32
0.23
3.04
0.30
3.02
0.29
3.82
0.47
4.32
0.69

Spain
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
52.39
68.58
91.07
124.67
131.60
136.10
142.91
3.3
3.3
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
276.03
323.07
431.41
562.50
591.13
605.90
622.20
2.7
2.7
0.19
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.6
0.6
TPES/population(2)
34.81
37.51
38.85
39.93
40.55
40.81
41.04
0.6
0.4
1.50
1.83
2.34
3.12
3.25
3.34
3.48
2.6
2.9
100
112
111
117
117
118
121
0.6
0.6
100
130
136
157
163
168
..
1.8
..
1696
2394
3239
4722
5070
5341
..
3.9
..
75.66
109.23
151.15
222.24
241.61
257.88
277.52
4.2
4.4
TPES (Mtoe)
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
52.39
68.58
91.07
124.67
131.60
136.10
142.91
3.3
3.3
9.03
12.43
19.29
20.92
21.58
20.11
21.54
4.6
0.8
38.38
50.66
46.46
64.85
67.27
69.04
70.77
1.1
3.1
Gas
0.94
1.45
4.97
15.21
18.75
21.35
25.16
10.3
12.3
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.01
0.27
4.07
4.11
4.30
4.74
5.01
40.2
1.5
Nuclear
1.71
1.35
14.14
16.21
16.42
16.13
16.58
13.2
1.1
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.44
0.85
1.09
1.39
61.3
2.54 e
1.97
3.53
2.71
-0.8
1.6
0.38
0.46
0.11
-0.26
-8.8
15.2
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Geothermal
Hydro
2.49
2.54
2.19
-0.17
-0.12
-0.04
Heat

Spain
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.5
6.5
5.2
54.3
62.2
63.7
63.0
61.9
32.7
29.5
30.8
26.2
31.8
43.9
26.3
43.9
2.8
of which:
0.9
0.6
1.3
0.8
2.8
3.4
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
4.7
6.8
9.3
12.1
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
27.2
40.2
74.5
71.4
125.7
121.7
146.3
142.8
13.4
14.3
32.8
60.7
80.9
71.7
82.5
76.0
13.7
25.1
38.4
8.6
22.6
24.6
28.6
24.0
0.1
0.8
2.9
1.5
20.2
23.4
32.4
39.4
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.7
2.1
2.0
2.9
3.5
62.5
76.3
110.5
151.9
224.5
236.0
245.0
260.7
2.6
3.3
5.3
7.3
10.0
10.1
12.2
10.5
59.9
72.9
105.2
144.6
214.4
226.0
232.7
250.2
Used for Heat Pumps

2.2 e
1.1
1.5
1.9
1.0
4.9
4.1
7.0
4.7
9.5
Imports
0.2
0.3
2.3
3.2
12.3
10.2
12.5
Exports
2.7
2.3
3.7
3.6
7.8
6.7
7.2
8.3
56.3
69.4
102.0
143.2
214.0
225.3
231.1
246.8
7.5
8.7
10.0
14.0
19.3
18.0
19.2
22.5
1.5
1.7
2.2
3.4
6.3
6.3
6.4
6.4
47.3
59.0
89.8
125.8
188.5
201.0
205.5
217.9
61.6
75.7
109.2
151.2
222.2 e
233.2
241.6
257.9
60.0
74.3
109.1
151.5
228.9
239.5
250.3
262.0
92.0
129.2
194.7
207.3
211.9
224.3
48.8
60.7

Spain
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
80.08
109.23
151.15
222.24
241.61
257.88
277.52
4.1
Coal
12.94
32.78
60.66
80.86
82.46
75.96
80.32
10.1
2.0
Oil
28.85
38.44
8.60
22.58
28.59
24.00
23.99
-7.3
7.6
4.4
Gas
0.44
2.91
1.51
20.18
32.39
39.37
55.76
8.0
29.4
0.05
0.36
0.67
2.10
2.87
3.51
6.63
17.5
17.8
Nuclear
7.22
5.19
54.27
62.21
63.02
61.88
63.61
13.4
1.1
60.9
Geothermal
0.02
4.75
9.37
12.12
15.66
30.57
29.55
25.41
29.57 e
22.92
41.05
31.55
-1.1
1.6
0.78
1.26
0.77
2.24 e
3.35
2.84
2.89
-0.1
9.9
Total
76.58
105.90
146.68
193.78
208.33
224.89
..
4.1
..
Coal
12.19
32.59
59.99
79.57
81.85
75.34
..
10.5
..
Oil
27.58
37.10
7.51
13.98
20.25
15.52
..
-7.8
..
0.43
2.87
0.75
3.62
10.47
17.63
..
3.6
..
0.01
0.05
0.94
..
..
7.22
5.19
54.27
62.21
..
13.4
..
..
..
0.02
4.73
9.34
12.07
..
..
29.16
28.15
24.09
28.74 e
22.17
41.05
..
-1.2
..
0.78
1.26
0.77
2.24 e
3.35
2.84
..
-0.1
..
Total
3.49
3.32
4.47
28.45
33.28
32.99
..
1.6
..
Coal
0.75
0.19
0.68
1.29
0.60 e
0.62 e
..
-0.6
..
Oil
1.27
1.34
1.09
8.60
8.34
8.48
..
-0.9
..
Gas
0.02
0.05
0.76
16.56
21.92
21.74
..
26.8
..
..
16.9
..
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
1.24 e
63.02
1.40 e
61.88
Autoproducers
0.05
0.35
0.62
1.16
Nuclear
Geothermal
..
..
0.02
0.03
0.05
..
..
1.41
1.40
1.32
0.83 e
0.75
..
..
-0.4
..
..
..
Hydro
1.63 e
-

2.11 e
-
Spain
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
265
527
80-95 95-04
-
Coal
Oil
181
Gas
367
84
160
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
181
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
181
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
of which:
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
84
527
..
..
Coal
..
..
Autoproducers
Oil
..
..
Gas
367
..
..
84
160
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Spain
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
62.52
76.27
80.86
110.48
151.92
224.47
236.04
244.96
260.73
2.52
6.55
7.22
5.19
54.27
62.21
63.71
63.02
61.88
32.75
29.52
31.35
30.81
26.18
31.81
43.86
26.27
43.90
2.84
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.61
0.78
1.26
0.77
2.84
3.35
Geothermal
2.24 e
-
Solar
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
4.73
6.76
9.34
12.08

Combustible Fuels
27.25
40.20
42.29
74.49
71.45
125.71
121.69
146.31
142.84
of which:
Coal
13.39
14.28
12.94
32.78
60.66
80.86
71.73
82.46
75.96
Oil
13.70
25.11
28.85
38.44
8.60
22.58
24.63
28.59
24.00
Gas
0.11
0.76
0.44
2.91
1.51
20.18
23.36
32.39
39.37
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.36
0.67
2.10
1.96
2.87
3.51
(1)
59.93
72.92
77.21
105.21
144.65
214.44
225.96
232.74
250.21
Nuclear
..
..
6.93
4.91
51.94
59.84
61.29
60.62
59.52
Hydro
..
..
31.35
30.41
25.82
31.46 e
43.39
25.98
43.41
2.22 e
2.81
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.77
1.25
0.76
2.81
3.31
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.04
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.01
4.70
6.69
9.25
12.02
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
38.93
69.90
66.87
118.42 e
114.57
136.86
135.21

Spain
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
1905
1704
4227 e 27383
28399
31718
31717
10.2
1905
625
247
253
4
4
25
135
387
225
-
1704
534
51
298
217
604
-
3305
331
1565
274
279
856
-
Total Transport
Pipeline
86
86
Other
Residential
Agriculture
3462 e
974 e
275
2213 e
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
922 e
922 e
3328
24 e
120
69 e
3115 e
-
4027 e
4027 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
-
e 20507
21902 e 24474 e 24814 e
e
..
..
e
3901
..
..
e
229
..
..
2650
..
..
482
..
..
293
..
..
1440
..
..
e
3545 e
..
..
e
4078
..
..
1629
..
..
63
..
..
2002
..
..
195
21902 e 24474 e 24814 e
9.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
-
3554 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
3554 e
3971 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
3971 e
92 e
..
92 e
103 e
..
103 e
104 e
104 e
..
-
2851 e
..
..
..
2851 e
3170 e
..
..
..
3170 e
2772 e
2772 e
..
..
..
-
Spain
(Mtoe)
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
Total
8.39
17.31
16.64
25.08
24.92
29.71
28.72
4.1
4.3
Coal
3.01
7.83
14.04
17.22
16.29
18.55
17.57
9.5
1.7
Oil
5.23
8.80
2.18
4.48 e
5.12
5.90 e
4.89 e
-5.0
6.4
Gas
0.13
0.59
0.27
2.68 e
2.81
4.50
5.33
4.4
25.7
0.01
0.10
0.14 e
0.69 e
0.71 e
0.76
0.94
15.2
15.5
Total
..
16.95
15.98
21.43
21.47
25.68
24.54
..
3.4
Coal
..
7.79
13.92
17.01
16.21
18.44
17.45
..
1.8
Oil
..
8.57
1.88
3.40 e
4.10
4.85 e
3.82 e
..
5.6
Gas
..
0.58
0.17
0.71
0.88
2.02
2.87
..
24.0
0.30 e
0.28 e
0.37
0.41
..
34.77
Combustible Fuels
..
0.00
0.01 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.71
1.35
14.14
16.21
16.60
16.43
16.13
13.3
1.0
1.0
Thermal
Total
1.71
1.35
14.14
16.21
16.60
16.42
16.13
13.2
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16.1
2.49
2.54
2.19
2.95
4.11
2.77
4.57
-0.8
5.8
2.49
2.54
2.19
2.54 e
3.53
1.97
3.53
-0.8
3.8
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.41
0.58
0.80
1.04
68.2
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Spain
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

9434
18829
27981
24694
28075
26348
4.6
191609
402388
644102
567031
655866
609263
5.2
18650
42248
67157
59549
69042
64126
5.5
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
16176
20959
12913
12096
12975
11390
-1.5
144101
172635
118785
105990
119240
104824
-1.4
13269
17108
11482
10427
11678
10123
-1.2
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
6644
5801
16554
14624
14737
13053
3.0
673
632
1704
1406
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
1235 e
1179 e
2.5

9201
1589
3562
4234
5012
3950
-3.6
372843
64170
144008
168893
200070
158680
-3.6
38439
6196
14147
16538
20251
15519
-3.9
29655
8246
34058
41022
94039
133377
6.8
2913
774
3660
4337
10465
17630
8.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
180
2622
3314
10372
12359 e
17
176
224
1215 e
Fuel Input (TJ)
353
3134 e
..
..
..
..
50
274
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
9605
11667
8160
9521
667
667
566
661
Fuel Input (TJ)
4344
4475
5689 e
9316 e
302
314
441 e
727 e
744852
653773
977212 e
917016
1108173 e
1050393 e
1.5

74306
67025
99569 e
93462
114764
111180
1.8
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1086 e
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Spain
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
62
1210
137
-
83
2175
381
-
127
2771
457
-
64
1588
294
-
100
2516
462
-
104
2575
473
-
2.3
3.3
5.5
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
548
47
-
2954
294
-
598
60
-
539
58
-
532
40 e
-
650
54 e
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
717
29070
2408
181
1069
42925
8431
-
1031
41432
8094
-
1068
42906
8342
-
1086
43635
8483
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
4476
735
-
90833
16518
-
89679
19021
-
115362
21921
-
114430
21738
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
2165
445
-
9260
665
-
10040
745
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
3325
160
84
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
98
14
-
222 e
31 e
-
222 e
31 e
-
143376
28226
..
169097 e
31541
..
169320 e
31659
..
22.0
25.1
..

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
98
14
Fuel Input (TJ)
1758
44165
146485
184
4423
26145 e
265
..
7559
745 e
-
7808 e
880 e
-
0.7
0.6
-
Spain
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
39.87
49.57
62.50
89.14
93.29
94.63
100.21
2.7
3.7
3.96
2.48
3.25
1.26
1.46
1.50
1.58
-1.2
-5.4
30.13
38.15
39.91
55.85
57.57
57.71
60.20
1.7
3.2
0.70
1.05
4.60
12.38
13.51
14.17
15.82
11.7
10.0
0.17
3.92
3.41
3.42
3.53
3.80
-0.2
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
5.08
7.72
10.82
16.21
17.28
17.67
18.74
4.6
4.3
0.00
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
18.74
21.46
22.54
30.20
32.12
32.31
33.44
1.1
3.1
3.63
2.21
2.94
1.20
1.41
1.43
1.50
-1.2
-5.0
11.44
13.84
8.53
10.72
11.17
10.84
10.05
-1.7
1.3
0.41
0.61
3.77
9.62
10.46
10.79
12.09
14.0
9.4
0.17
1.85
1.30
1.31
1.35
1.52
-1.5
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.26
4.64
5.44
7.37
7.76
7.90
8.28
3.1
3.3
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
11.95
16.25
22.83
33.63
35.05
35.67
37.57
3.9
3.9
0.02
0.01
11.81
16.07
22.52
33.21
34.60
35.13
36.96
3.9
3.9
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.05
0.05
0.12
0.17
0.12
0.16
0.32
0.36
0.39
0.41
0.44
5.6
2.6
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.16
2.36
1.69
2.60
2.42
2.39
2.60
-1.4
3.4
0.01
2.04
2.18
1.37
2.06
1.92
1.89 e
2.09 e
-2.3
3.3
0.00
0.09
0.04
0.05
0.06 e
26.6
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.11
0.18
0.30
0.43
0.45
0.43
0.43
6.0
2.8
..
..
..
..
..
Spain
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.38
0.67
0.06
0.64
-
2.19
1.03
0.11
1.05
-
3.43
0.02
1.06
0.19
2.16
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
3.68
0.31
2.20
0.23
0.93
-
5.20
0.26
2.92
0.34
1.68
-
9.24
0.28
3.65
0.64
2.07
2.60
0.00
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2000
6.73
0.02 e
1.72
0.63
0.05
0.00
0.01
4.30
..
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
7.08
1.87
0.74
0.05
0.00
0.01
4.41
..
7.28
1.84 e
0.79
0.06
0.00
0.01
4.58
..
7.86
1.99 e
0.88 e
0.06
0.00
0.01
4.92
..
5.5
2.7
6.7
7.4
-
6.6
5.0
12.4
6.5
..
11.97
0.04
4.14
2.02
1.99
0.02
3.75
..
12.56
0.05
3.96
2.26
1.99
0.03
4.27
..
12.89
0.05
3.93 e
2.53
1.99
0.03
4.35
..
13.70
0.07
4.15 e
2.80 e
1.99
0.03
4.66
..
5.6
-0.6
3.0
6.1
6.2
-
3.1
-10.6
1.0
12.1
-0.3
4.6
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
-
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
-
0.07
0.02
0.05
0.00
-
..
..
..
..
..

Spain
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
39.87
49.57
48.95
62.50
71.80
89.14
93.29
94.63
100.21
Total Industry
18.74
21.46
19.81
22.54
24.33
30.20
32.12
32.31
33.44
Iron and Steel
4.27
3.93
3.64
2.98
3.02
3.33
3.86
3.78
4.06
3.92
5.69
6.09
6.24
7.92
9.27
9.40
9.57
8.51
Non-ferrous Metals
0.27
1.32
0.98
0.98
0.95
1.17
1.35
1.57
1.45
4.13
4.69
3.62
4.50
4.15
6.31
6.98
6.13
7.30
Transport Equipment
0.24
0.37
0.37
0.52
0.59
0.93
0.95
0.89
1.04
Machinery
0.46
0.54
0.56
0.85
0.69
1.04
1.38
1.22
1.40
0.28
0.35
0.29
0.27
0.27
0.35
0.34
0.40
0.36
Food and Tobacco
1.42
1.65
1.62
1.68
2.05
2.57
2.77
3.11
3.11
0.93
1.25
1.18
1.15
1.41
2.10
1.92
2.18
2.67
0.17
0.23
0.14
0.16
0.16
0.60
0.63
0.66
0.70
TFC
Construction
0.16
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.19
0.26
0.30
0.32
0.36
Textile and Leather
0.74
0.76
0.77
0.85
0.99
1.21
1.01
1.04
1.01
Non Specified/Other
1.76
0.57
0.44
2.23
1.94
1.08
1.26
1.43
1.48
19.16
25.99
27.14
37.19
43.84
54.94
57.13
58.24
61.80
Agriculture
2.16
2.36
2.62
1.69
2.22
2.60
2.42
2.39
2.60
1.38
2.19
2.64
3.43
4.34
6.73
7.08
7.28
7.86
Residential
3.68
5.20
5.84
9.24
10.09
11.97
12.56
12.89
13.70
11.95
37.57
Transport
16.25
16.05
22.83
26.67
33.63
35.05
35.67

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.51
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.07
1.96
2.11
2.00
2.77
3.63
4.00
4.04
4.08
4.96
5.08
7.72
8.84
10.82
12.12
16.21
17.28
17.67
18.74
Total Industry
3.26
4.64
4.87
5.44
5.21
7.37
7.76
7.90
8.28
Iron and Steel
0.62
0.89
0.97
0.82
0.85
1.27
1.37
1.40
1.48
0.59
0.82
0.83
0.89
0.76
1.10
1.06
1.04
1.09
Non-ferrous Metals
0.27
0.71
0.70
0.70
0.64
0.80
0.88
0.90
0.94
0.33
0.47
0.42
0.60
0.56
0.83
0.94
0.95
1.04
Transport Equipment
0.09
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.21
0.35
0.32
0.33
0.35
Machinery
0.25
0.27
0.29
0.40
0.32
0.49
0.56
0.57
0.59
0.07
0.11
0.15
0.14
0.11
0.11
0.16
0.15
0.12
Food and Tobacco
0.20
0.27
0.35
0.50
0.53
0.77
0.74
0.79
0.86
0.19
0.26
0.29
0.34
0.39
0.32
0.57
0.59
0.63
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.23
Construction
0.07
0.07
0.05
0.07
0.14
0.13
0.14
0.16
0.17
Textile and Leather
0.20
0.21
0.24
0.33
0.28
0.36
0.37
0.39
0.39
Non Specified/Other
0.34
0.32
0.30
0.30
0.29
0.71
0.50
0.45
0.39
1.81
3.08
3.97
5.38
6.91
8.84
9.52
9.77
10.46
Agriculture
0.11
0.18
0.27
0.30
0.42
0.43
0.45
0.43
0.43
0.64
1.05
1.46
2.16
2.54
4.30
4.41
4.58
4.92
Residential
0.93
1.68
2.00
2.60
3.09
3.75
4.27
4.35
4.66
Transport
0.12
0.16
0.24
0.32
0.34
0.36
0.39
0.41
0.44
0.51

Spain
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
60.71
92.01
129.16
194.71
207.30
211.87
224.27
4.5
4.3
Industry
37.95
53.94
63.28
85.64
90.27
91.87
96.26
3.1
3.3
Transport
1.45
1.91
3.67
4.16
4.56
4.79
5.12
5.6
2.6
Agriculture
1.32
2.12
3.54
5.01
5.18
4.99
5.05
6.0
2.8
7.47
12.22
25.10
50.02
51.27
53.23
57.23
7.4
6.5
10.85
19.57
30.21
43.62
49.69
50.64
54.24
6.2
4.6
1.68
2.24
3.36
6.25
6.34
6.36
6.37
4.2
5.0
5.22
7.91
11.11
16.74
17.83
18.22
19.29
4.5
4.3
Residential
Energy(1)

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
37.95
53.94
63.28
85.64
90.27
91.87
96.26
3.1
90-03
3.3
7.19
10.30
9.53
14.73
15.92
16.23
17.16
1.7
4.6
6.90
9.55
10.32
12.80
12.37
12.11
12.65
2.4
1.6
Non-Ferrous Metals
3.20
8.24
8.14
9.29
10.23
10.48
10.88
5.7
2.3
3.84
5.44
6.93
9.61
10.94
11.03
12.06
3.5
4.4
Transport Equipment
1.06
2.07
2.70
4.01
3.68
3.82
4.07
5.7
3.2
Machinery
2.86
3.12
4.70
5.65
6.49
6.67
6.87
3.0
3.0
0.83
1.25
1.67
1.30
1.83
1.77
1.44
4.2
-1.1
Food and Tobacco
2.30
3.10
5.77
8.97
8.64
9.18
10.05
5.6
4.4
2.16
3.01
3.98
3.77
6.68
6.90
7.31
3.7
4.8
0.57
0.97
1.44
1.51
1.76
1.97
2.63
5.6
4.8
Construction
0.77
0.77
0.78
1.51
1.60
1.91
2.02
0.1
7.6
2.36
2.48
3.82
4.20
4.29
4.59
4.53
2.9
1.3
Non Specified/Other
3.93
3.67
3.50
8.28
5.85
5.20
4.59
-0.7
2.1

3.26
4.64
5.44
7.37
7.76
7.90
8.28
3.1
3.3
Spain
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.32
2.31
3.93
3.21
7.63
12.27
10.18
12.50
9.52
0.32
2.31
3.92
3.21
7.63
12.27
10.17
12.49
9.49
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.24
1.79
2.64
1.51
5.89
8.50
6.70
9.06
6.39
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
0.08
0.51
1.28
1.70
1.74
3.77
3.47
3.43
3.10
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
Others
Spain
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.33
3.69
5.00
3.63
3.15
7.83
6.73
7.18
8.26
2.30
3.61
4.89
3.61
3.04
5.29
4.89
5.56
6.50
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
2.17
1.27
1.36
1.88
0.38
0.60
1.17
0.23
0.60
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
0.13
2.34
3.53
1.73
2.66
4.70
3.72
5.33
5.90
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
0.03
0.08
0.12
0.02
0.11
2.53
1.84
1.62
1.76
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
0.03
0.08
0.12
0.02
0.11
2.53
1.84
1.62
1.76
Spain
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
22.33
28.77
38.48
42.10
43.62
49.18
50.77
54.57
62.43

Total Capacity
Nuclear
1.09
1.09
5.55
6.97
7.07
7.50
7.52
7.58
7.58
11.22
12.99
14.05
15.66
16.51
17.96
18.03
18.07
18.04
3.58
4.91
5.10
5.29
5.29
2.52
2.52
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.10
2.21
3.40
4.89
5.95
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
10.02
14.69
18.88
19.46
19.94
21.50
21.81
24.02
30.83
of which:
Single-fired:
2.85
6.02
9.94
9.78
10.20
11.00
11.07
11.07
..
Liquid Fuels
6.24
7.68
6.88
7.26
7.32
6.87
6.87
6.67
..
Natural Gas
0.23
2.64
..
0.22
0.22
0.22
..
..
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.93
0.06
0.22
0.50
0.50
0.30
0.30
0.30
Solid / Natural Gas
0.93
1.84
1.93
1.93
3.12
3.12
3.12
..
Type of Generation
Steam
14.25
18.19
18.43
18.87
20.23
20.54
20.11
25.81 e
Internal Combustion
0.18
0.23
0.36
0.36
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.63 e
Gas Turbine
0.26
0.22
0.44
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.48
0.61 e
Combined Cycle
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.30
0.30
2.94
3.77 e
Other
Peak Load
..
..
21.29
25.16
25.81
33.24
34.93
37.21
37.72
Available Capacity
..
..
..
25.13
32.27
..
..
..
..
Spain
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.03
1.17
1.14
1.32
2.28
4.74
5.11
5.92
6.48
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.44
0.49
0.48
0.57
0.28
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.60
0.69
0.65
0.75
2.00
4.74
5.11
5.92
6.48
..
Hydro
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
0.13
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.10
0.06
0.04
0.04
Liquid Fuels
0.40
0.44
0.38
0.39
0.64
1.27
1.29
1.51
..
Natural Gas
0.01
0.06
0.49
3.16
3.44
3.69
..
0.07
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.13
0.24
0.34
0.69
..

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.16
..
..
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
0.02
0.02
0.01
..
..
..
..
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.36
..
..
..
..
0.12
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
0.06
0.05
0.03
0.74
0.87
1.23
1.23
1.35 e
Internal Combustion
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.06
1.94
1.94
2.24
2.45 e
Gas Turbine
0.00
0.47
1.06
1.06
1.28
1.40 e
Combined Cycle
0.59
0.57
0.70
0.73
0.88
0.88
1.17
1.28 e
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Spain
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
246.67
179.02
..
222.08
..
..
234.90
..
..
239.27
..
..
..
..
..
262
199
..
236
..
..
250
..
..
255
..
..
..
..

Euro/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
15.43
40.57
35.67
23.62
72.57
70.72
40.81
204.34
217.57
28
43
40
43
77
79
74
217
242
..
87.60
93.31
Euro/ toe
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
93
104

Euro/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0129
..
0.0191
0.0010
0.0474
0.0048
0.0597
-
0.0462
0.0022
0.0459
0.0022
0.0514
0.0025
0.0476
0.0023
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0264
..
0.0345
0.0005
0.0877
0.0072
0.1163
0.0125
0.1271
0.0228
0.1213
0.0218
0.1209
0.0218
0.1215
0.0218
..
..

Sweden
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
39.32
40.75
47.57
48.45
52.83
51.53
53.15
1.1
0.8
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
139.98
158.26
196.64
239.57
246.86
250.48
259.20
2.0
2.0
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.20
0.21
0.21
0.21
-0.9
-1.2
TPES/population(2)
8.14
8.31
8.56
8.87
8.93
8.96
8.99
0.3
0.4
4.83
4.90
5.56
5.46
5.92
5.75
5.91
0.8
0.4
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
92
86
72
76
73
73
-0.9
-1.2
100
109
124
109
108
105
..
1.3
..
8508
10220
14066
14514
14714
14490
..
3.0
..
78.06
96.32
145.95
145.23
146.70
135.56
155.83
3.7
0.5
TPES (Mtoe)
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
39.32
40.75
47.57
48.45
52.83
51.53
53.15
1.1
0.8
1.63
1.71
2.96
2.45
2.84
2.68
2.90
3.6
-0.1
28.39
22.90
14.67
14.23
16.53
15.55
15.55
-3.8
0.4
0.58
0.78
0.89
0.89
0.88
3.1
Comb. Renew & Waste
3.54
4.13
5.51
8.50
8.22
8.79
7.96
2.6
2.7
Nuclear
0.55
6.90
17.77
14.94
17.75
17.57
20.14
22.7
0.9
0.00
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.07
23.6
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Geothermal
Hydro
90-04
5.15
5.06
6.24
6.76
5.71
4.58
5.52
1.1
-0.9
0.06
0.05
-0.15
0.40
0.46
1.10
-0.18
1.3
0.36
0.38
0.31
0.31
Heat

Sweden
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.1
2.1
26.5
68.2
57.3
72.1
68.1
67.4
52.0
59.9
59.2
73.0
78.6
79.1
66.4
53.3
0.1
of which:
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
14.4
16.1
11.0
5.3
8.9
9.9
11.6
14.3
0.2
0.5
0.2
1.8
2.3
3.1
3.6
4.2
14.1
15.2
10.0
1.2
1.7
2.5
3.1
3.9
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.5
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
0.2
0.4
0.8
1.9
4.3
4.0
4.4
5.7
66.5
78.1
96.7
146.5
145.3
161.6
146.7
135.6
1.5
1.7
2.3
4.0
3.7
4.0
3.5
3.1
65.1
76.4
94.4
142.5
141.6
157.6
143.2
132.6
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.1
Used for Heat Pumps

2.1
1.7
1.3
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
24.3
Imports
5.2
6.0
3.4
12.9
18.3
11.2
20.1
Exports
3.6
5.2
2.8
14.7
13.6
18.5
14.8
11.5
66.7
77.1
94.4
139.9
142.0
146.4
145.1
142.7
6.0
7.7
8.3
9.2
10.8
11.8
11.9
10.5
0.2
0.2
1.2
10.4
2.4
1.9
1.9
2.4
60.4
69.2
84.9
120.3
128.7
132.7
131.3
129.8
66.5
78.1
96.3
146.0
145.2
161.6
146.7
135.6
68.2
78.8
97.2
144.7
149.9
154.3
152.1
148.4
86.1
130.7
131.1
134.6
133.2
132.2
60.7
69.4

Sweden
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
75.11
96.32
145.95
145.23
146.70
135.56
155.83
4.2
Coal
0.45
0.19
1.80
2.34
3.57
4.19
3.94
9.1
5.8
14.99
10.00
1.20
1.73
3.10
3.87
2.15
-14.6
4.3
4.1
Oil
Gas
0.5
0.40
0.46
0.51
0.51
0.69
0.36
0.78
1.86
4.34
4.44
5.73
6.82
10.9
9.7
Nuclear
2.05
26.49
68.19
57.32
68.11
67.42
77.29
24.5
0.9
41.5
Geothermal
0.01
0.46
0.61
0.63
0.77
57.27
58.87
72.50
78.58
66.36
53.22
64.17
1.5
-0.9
0.02
0.38
0.53
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.07
22.7
-13.6
Total
75.11
84.94
138.89
141.02
141.81
129.92
..
3.9
..
Coal
0.45
0.17
1.72
2.07
3.27
3.88
..
8.8
..
14.99
6.40
0.37
0.96
1.71
2.45
..
-20.7
..
0.31
0.40
0.43
0.42
..
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Oil
Gas
0.36
0.21
1.46
1.52
2.10
..
-3.3
Nuclear
2.05
26.49
68.19
57.32
68.11
67.42
..
24.5
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
0.22 e
0.01
0.46
0.61
0.63
..
57.27
51.65
68.09
78.36
66.17
53.02
..
1.1
..
0.02
0.38
0.53
0.04
0.04
0.06
..
22.7
..
Total
11.38
7.06
4.21
4.89
5.64
..
..
Coal
0.01
0.08
0.27
0.30
0.31
..
..
Oil
3.59
0.83
0.77
1.39
1.42
..
..
Gas
0.09
0.07
0.09
0.09
..
..
0.56
1.65
2.88
2.92
3.63
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Hydro
7.22
4.41
0.23
0.19
0.19
..
..
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers

Sweden
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
107326
78134
163084
157919
173577
175807
180116
2.8
1.1
Coal
2286
34244
25040
15461
18584
18544
20061
17.3
-2.4
98628
13100
22666
9902
16290
15066
12972
-9.3
-6.0
16
6356
10100
7800
9276
7982
10268
53.7
0.2
6396
24434
68418
90539
97092
108248
112296
17.1
5.7
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
Heat Pumps
..
..
25081
26941
27684
24127
23061
..
-0.9
Electric Boilers
..
..
11779
7276
4651
1840
1458
..
-20.7
107326
Oil
Gas
80-95 95-04
of which:
Total
Coal
Oil
Gas
78134
151337
141201
157989
154886
..
2.3
..
2286 e
34244
25040
15461
18584
18544
..
17.3
..
98628 e
13100
22666
9902
16290
15066
..
-9.3
..
16 e
6356
10100
7800
9276
7982
..
53.7
..
6396 e
24434
56671
73821
81504
87327
..
15.7
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
25081
26941
27684
24127
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
11779
7276
4651
1840
..
..
..
Total
11747
16718
15588
20921
..
..
Coal
..
..
Autoproducers
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
11747
16718
15588
20921
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Sweden
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
66.55
78.08
75.13
96.70
146.48
145.27
161.62
146.73
135.62
0.09
2.11
2.05
26.49
68.19
57.32
72.11
68.11
67.42
52.03
59.89
57.29
59.25
73.03
78.62
79.08
66.40
53.27
0.06
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.02
0.02
0.38
0.53
0.04
0.02
0.04
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.46
0.48
0.61
0.63

Combustible Fuels
14.43
16.08
15.79
10.96
5.26
8.87
9.94
11.62
14.30
of which:
Coal
Oil
Gas
(1)
0.20
0.50
0.45
0.19
1.80
2.34
3.05
3.57
4.19
14.07
15.18
14.99
10.00
1.20
1.73
2.51
3.10
3.87
0.40
0.46
0.36
0.51
0.51
0.16
0.40
0.36
0.78
1.86
4.34
4.02
4.44
5.73
65.07
76.39
73.49
94.38
142.47
141.59
157.64
143.23
132.55
Nuclear
..
..
1.90
25.33
65.23
54.77
69.21
65.55
65.45
Hydro
..
..
56.63
58.51
72.20
77.86
78.42
65.81
52.85
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.02
0.38
0.53
0.04
0.02
0.04
0.06
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.46
0.48
0.61
0.63
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
14.95
10.54
5.04
8.50
9.52
11.26
13.62

Sweden
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total
..
4029
6943
4096
4147
4738
5582
..
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4029
50
70
3909
-
6921
5
870
6
1
13
93
3834
2062
10
27
4096
204
105
17
61
3709
-
4147
208
98
45
3796
-
4738
190
58
48
4442
-
5582
184
113
30
5255
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
22
22
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Sweden
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
2.48
2.97
2.66
4.45
5.03
5.31
5.91
0.4
6.3
Coal
0.05
0.08
1.14
0.76
0.84
0.97
1.08
19.7
-0.4
Oil
2.34
2.61
0.45
0.46
0.65
0.76
0.88
-9.2
5.2
0.00
0.20
0.26
0.30
0.33
0.30
3.2
0.09
0.27
0.87
2.97
3.25
3.25
3.65
14.4
11.6
Total
..
2.45
2.37
3.50
4.04
4.34
4.68
..
5.4
Coal
..
0.08
1.13
0.70
0.78
0.91
1.01
..
-0.8
Oil
..
2.16
0.37
0.38
0.50
0.63
0.74
..
5.5
Gas
..
0.00
0.19
0.25
0.29
0.32
0.29
..
3.3
..
0.21
0.69
2.17
2.48
2.47
2.64
..
10.91
Gas

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.55
6.90
17.77
14.94
18.79
17.75
17.57
22.7
-0.1
-0.1
Thermal
Total
0.55
6.90
17.77
14.94
18.79
17.75
17.57
22.7
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
5.15
5.06
6.24
6.80
6.84
5.76
4.63
1.1
-2.3
5.15
5.06
6.24
6.76
6.80
5.71
4.58
1.1
-2.4
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
43.1
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Sweden
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
149
638
2325
2112
2118
2242
12.5
25
69
210
214
196
208
9.6
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
190
24
22
17
104
156
-0.9
7895
1006
945
707
3948
5851
-1.3
730
71
64
63
522
860
0.7
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
8044
1644
3270
2819
6066
8093
0.0

755
140
274
277
718
1068
1.5

Fuel Input (TJ)

Sweden
1980
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
85
2318
158
1276 e
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
829
22562
1267
14647
501
13955
1636
5329
506
12812
1879
3926
588
16322
2373
3992
698
19160
2748
3772
9.6
9.6
13.2
4.8
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
185
2405
56
2022
429
4667
70
3842
550
6204
51
5224
677
8150
82
6755
786
9520
163
7579
24
2
6 e
4772
408
2090
6053
423
2606
7853
910
2857
7755
917
2784
8908
1068
2725
29.3
31.4
30.5
2577
106678
9266
54584 e
261
10883
1130
4797
263
11264
1665
3873
403
16876
2443
4880
488
22141
2580
8885
549
23492
3013
7105
-6.5
-6.4
-4.8
-8.5
6064
396
3645
9992
462
6238
9480
361
6185
12204
510
6951
11522
506
6123
12330
1758
3845
70998
3971
45737
76191
3666
50552
76318
4036
48923
90619
5267
55580
13.6
9.4
19.2
1039
101
489
1161
109
555
2133
97
1442
2029
113
1241
14368
239
10971
14736
225
12070
13379
279
10454
17508
314
13876
9.9
4.4
11.6
764
21
581
806
27
585
932
36
645
146077
9665
86830
159208
10901
90771
183690
13228
98646
2.0
1.1
2.3

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
4784
663 e
975 e
2000
116 e
1115 e
5560
103 e
4673 e

Fuel Input (TJ)
823
32
589
Fuel Input (TJ)
115804
64576
133159
10205
5118
8599
57956
35719
79674
Sweden
IN HEAT PLANTS
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
357
Fuel Input (TJ)
9711
30
62
28
64
8529
26
54
23
57
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
629
334
327
445
368
Fuel Input (TJ)
7548
3983
3675
5524
4748
6462
3485
3245
4555
4197
Fuel Input (TJ)
1167
573
192
113
576
235
-6.7
1004 e
494
173
96
475
214
-6.5

1235
224
165
233
218
227
-7.1
Fuel Input (TJ)
51183
9453
6888
9964
8981
8981
-7.3
44044 e
8303
6029
8755
7405
7961
-7.2
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
19
3250
1876
4297
3294
2483
23.6
16 e
2711
1562
3746
2325
1859
23.0

Fuel Input (TJ)
147
9509
30283
36519
36051
34577
26.8
126 e
8141
26593
32088
29828
30602
27.0
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
22
19
Fuel Input (TJ)
4860
9080
6501
5989
6730
6854
1.5
4180 e
7775 e
5688
5302
5449
6076
1.6
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
519
657
499
257
453
577
411
228
57376
49124
50294
61276
61683
58199
0.1

49370
42415
44028
53863
50471
51194
0.2

(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Sweden
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
35.28
35.05
32.15
35.11
35.32
35.90
35.80
-0.5
0.8
0.93
0.84
1.05
0.80
0.76
0.94
0.80
0.7
-2.1
24.84
20.61
14.04
13.68
13.87
14.18
14.10
-3.3
0.0
0.11
0.08
0.36
0.48
0.53
0.50
0.53
7.5
3.0
3.46
3.86
4.64
5.53
4.77
4.98
5.14
1.7
0.8
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.1
5.95
7.30
10.35
11.07
11.41
11.29
11.16
3.3
0.6
2.36
1.71
3.55
3.99
4.01
4.06
6.9
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
14.45
12.73
12.41
13.76
13.29
13.73
13.52
-0.9
0.7
0.84
0.78
0.97
0.79
0.75
0.93
0.78
0.8
-1.6
7.26
5.43
2.71
2.59
2.82
3.16
3.07
-5.6
1.0
0.01
0.01
0.26
0.31
0.34
0.32
0.33
20.3
2.0
2.94
3.02
3.67
4.83
4.08
4.01
4.17
1.3
1.0
3.40
3.49
4.64
4.90
4.91
4.93
4.78
1.8
0.2
0.17
0.34
0.38
0.39
0.38
6.6
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
5.50
6.11
7.42
8.24
8.23
8.14
8.27
1.8
0.8
0.00
5.32
5.91
7.20
7.96
7.97
7.88
8.01
1.8
0.8
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.18
0.20
0.21
0.27
0.25
0.25
0.25
1.0
1.2
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.51
0.68
0.57
0.45
0.47
0.53
0.59
0.7
0.3
0.01
0.04
0.45
0.57
0.38
0.31
0.32
0.38
0.39
-0.9
0.2
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
3.9
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
1.4
0.06
0.10
0.13
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.16
4.2
2.1
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
Sweden
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.99
0.03
0.96
-
1.35
0.00
0.02
0.02
0.01
1.31
-
4.02
1.37
0.04
0.02
2.10
0.50
4.42
1.07
0.04
0.01
2.18
1.12
4.90
1.09
0.03
0.03
2.51
1.23
4.82
1.05
0.07
0.03
2.44
1.24
4.89
1.07
0.09
0.02
2.44
1.27
8.6
24.8
4.7
-
1.5
-1.9
5.9
2.6
1.2
7.5
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
10.87
0.05
8.85
0.10
0.52
1.35
-
9.85
0.01
6.75
0.05
0.83
2.21
-
6.88
1.56
0.05
0.94
0.00
3.28
1.04
7.30
0.89
0.10
0.61
0.00
3.61
2.08
7.52
0.85
0.12
0.56
0.00
3.63
2.36
7.62
0.76
0.08
0.84
0.00
3.57
2.37
7.59
0.72
0.07
0.86
0.00
3.53
2.41
-2.7
-9.7
-3.6
3.5
5.3
-
0.8
-5.8
2.4
-0.7
2.3
0.6
6.6
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
1.89
1.89
-
3.49
1.13
-
0.11
0.05
0.07
0.00
-
0.12
0.02
0.09
0.00
-
0.14
0.05
0.09
0.00
-
0.13
0.04
0.08
0.00
-
2.36
Heat

Sweden
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
35.28
35.05
33.01
32.15
35.34
35.11
35.32
35.90
35.80
Total Industry
14.45
12.73
12.39
12.41
13.31
13.76
13.29
13.73
13.52
Iron and Steel
1.91
1.47
1.27
1.08
1.25
1.24
1.20
1.38
1.25
1.99
1.69
1.64
1.75
1.88
1.53
1.96
2.23
2.18
Non-ferrous Metals
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.30
0.33
0.32
0.32
0.32
1.21
0.78
0.58
0.63
0.51
0.50
0.51
0.49
0.43
Transport Equipment
0.26
0.36
0.29
0.25
0.28
0.28
0.31
0.30
0.29
Machinery
0.82
0.71
0.67
0.71
0.55
0.29
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.44
0.42
0.35
0.34
0.34
0.33
0.33
0.36
0.35
Food and Tobacco
0.58
0.56
0.53
0.54
0.54
0.52
0.51
0.50
0.49
5.42
5.17
5.16
5.33
5.65
6.49
6.19
6.03
6.17
0.65
0.69
0.72
0.78
0.94
1.08
0.59
0.65
0.65
TFC
2003
Construction
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.08
Textile and Leather
0.20
0.14
0.12
0.13
0.07
0.05
0.08
0.07
0.06
Non Specified/Other
0.59
0.34
0.66
0.51
0.94
1.06
0.96
1.06
0.97
19.75
21.48
19.88
18.89
21.38
20.52
21.23
21.25
21.47
Agriculture
0.51
0.68
0.58
0.57
0.54
0.45
0.47
0.53
0.59
0.99
1.35
2.57
4.02
4.87
4.42
4.90
4.82
4.89
10.87
9.85
9.99
6.88
8.06
7.30
7.52
7.62
7.59
5.50
6.11
6.64
7.42
7.83
8.24
8.23
8.14
8.27
Residential
Transport
Non-Energy Use(1)
1.89
3.49
0.09
0.08
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.13
1.08
0.85
0.74
0.84
0.65
0.83
0.81
0.92
0.81
5.95
7.30
9.77
10.35
10.71
11.07
11.41
11.29
11.16
Total Industry
3.40
3.49
4.21
4.64
4.47
4.90
4.91
4.93
4.78
Iron and Steel
0.50
0.44
0.47
0.38
0.46
0.46
0.43
0.42
0.41
0.46
0.44
0.53
0.57
0.33
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.57
Non-ferrous Metals
0.20
0.19
0.22
0.23
0.22
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.25
0.11
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.10
0.12
0.10
0.09
Transport Equipment
0.12
0.17
0.20
0.19
0.21
0.23
0.22
0.21
Machinery
0.35
0.29
0.38
0.42
0.39
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.18
0.18
0.21
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.20
Food and Tobacco
0.10
0.14
0.17
0.22
0.22
0.26
0.25
0.23
0.20
1.13
1.22
1.48
1.77
1.69
2.03
2.00
1.95
1.91
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.18
0.20
0.19
0.20
0.18
Construction
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.04
0.06
0.06
0.07
0.07
0.08
Textile and Leather
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.08
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.03
0.03
Non Specified/Other
0.15
0.12
0.21
0.21
0.39
0.46
0.49
0.58
0.51
2.55
3.81
5.57
5.71
6.24
6.17
6.50
6.36
6.38
Agriculture
0.06
0.10
0.14
0.13
0.12
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.16
0.96
1.31
1.79
2.10
2.24
2.18
2.51
2.44
2.44
Residential
1.35
2.21
3.42
3.28
3.65
3.61
3.63
3.57
3.53
Transport
0.18
0.20
0.23
0.21
0.23
0.27
0.25
0.25
0.25

Sweden
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
69.43
86.10
130.74
131.14
134.61
133.21
132.20
3.8
0.1
Industry
39.54
40.57
53.96
56.94
57.12
57.27
55.62
1.8
0.2
2.08
2.27
2.47
3.19
2.86
2.87
2.88
1.0
1.2
Transport
Agriculture
0.72
1.13
1.46
1.19
1.31
1.31
1.92
4.2
2.1
11.12
15.21
24.36
25.38
29.20
28.35
28.32
4.7
1.2
Residential
Energy(1)
15.74
25.72
38.10
42.02
42.18
41.47
41.05
5.3
0.6
0.23
1.20
10.39
2.41
1.93
1.93
2.43
25.2
-10.6
5.97
7.40
11.24
11.28
11.58
11.46
11.37
3.8
0.1


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
39.54
40.57
53.96
56.94
57.12
57.27
55.62
1.8
90-03
0.2
5.82
5.14
4.45
5.37
4.96
4.87
4.72
-1.6
0.5
-0.0
5.38
5.11
6.66
5.42
5.54
5.56
6.63
1.3
Non-Ferrous Metals
2.30
2.26
2.73
2.80
2.93
2.97
2.92
1.0
0.5
1.33
1.22
1.45
1.17
1.44
1.18
1.05
0.5
-2.4
1.38
2.31
2.46
2.68
2.60
2.50
0.6
4.06
3.41
4.91
1.89
1.81
1.80
1.79
1.1
-7.5
Transport Equipment
Machinery
2.12
2.15
2.35
2.59
2.55
2.58
2.35
0.6
0.0
Food and Tobacco
1.17
1.58
2.60
2.99
2.85
2.68
2.28
4.8
-1.0
13.15
14.21
20.62
23.56
23.21
22.73
22.20
2.7
0.6
1.29
1.57
1.98
2.33
2.22
2.28
2.09
2.6
0.4

Construction
0.76
0.86
0.49
0.66
0.79
0.86
0.89
-2.5
4.6
0.39
0.33
0.96
0.31
0.42
0.37
0.32
5.4
-8.2
Non Specified/Other
1.78
1.37
2.46
5.39
5.72
6.79
5.90
1.9
6.9

3.40
3.49
4.64
4.90
4.91
4.93
4.78
1.8
0.2
Sweden
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.95
3.37
5.17
12.91
7.72
18.31
11.16
20.11
24.29
5.95
3.37
5.17
12.91
7.72
18.31
11.16
20.11
24.29
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
0.29
0.70
0.85
0.22
0.63
1.62
2.24
4.09
7.47
Finland
0.26
1.16
0.88
0.36
0.21
0.83
2.60
2.49
7.18
France
Germany
0.02
0.08
1.14
1.35
2.20
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
5.40
1.50
3.44
12.33
6.86
15.72
5.19
11.98
4.80
Poland
0.05
0.20
2.65
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Sweden
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
5.22
2.83
6.68
14.68
9.40
13.63
18.45
14.75
11.46
5.22
2.83
6.68
14.68
9.40
13.63
18.45
14.75
11.46
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
0.92
1.17
1.87
7.92
2.09
3.39
3.14
3.51
1.42
Finland
4.13
0.67
1.40
6.36
3.82
8.23
5.07
6.49
0.86
France
Germany
2.27
0.66
1.01
0.85
0.57
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
0.17
0.99
3.42
0.40
1.22
0.92
7.53
2.77
8.60
Poland
0.43
1.70
1.13
0.01
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
Sweden
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
20.77
27.42
30.67
32.41
32.13
32.71
32.83
31.42
32.34

Total Capacity
Nuclear
1.06
4.61
9.46
9.97
10.06
9.46
9.44
9.45
9.44
12.31
14.86
14.09
15.39
15.41
16.47
16.51
16.19
16.10
0.43
0.43
0.02
0.05
0.05
0.05
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.01
0.07
0.21
0.30
0.36
0.40
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
7.39
7.95
7.12
7.04
6.59
6.57
6.58
5.42
6.40
of which:
Single-fired:
0.46
..
..
..
..
..
Liquid Fuels
7.39
7.95
6.54
..
..
..
..
..
3.83 e
Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
0.30 e
0.12
..
..
..
..
..
1.30 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.97 e
..
..
..
..
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
5.39
5.33
4.77
4.38
4.36
3.71
4.69
Internal Combustion
0.07
0.02
0.09
0.08
0.12
0.11
0.11
Gas Turbine
1.66
1.69
1.73
1.93
1.93
1.52
1.52
Combined Cycle
0.18
0.18
0.09
0.09
Other
Peak Load
..
..
24.24
21.97
24.40
26.00
27.00
25.80
26.40
Available Capacity
..
..
26.30
..
..
28.70
..
28.50
29.04
Sweden
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
2.50
1.78
1.50
1.01
1.01
1.09
1.02
Nuclear
Hydro
1.60
0.94
0.74
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.05
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
Combustible Fuels
0.90
0.84
0.76
0.95
0.95
1.04
0.98
AUTOPRODUCERS
of which:
Single-fired:
0.00
..
..
..
..
..
0.15 e
Liquid Fuels
0.11
..
..
..
..
..
0.59 e
Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
0.05 e
0.62
..
..
..
..
..
0.20 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.17
..
..
..
..
..
..
Solid / Natural Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Type of Generation
Steam
0.90
0.84
0.76
0.95
0.95
1.04
0.98
Internal Combustion
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
Other
Peak Load
..
..
..
1.33
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
0.90
..
..
..
..
..
..
Sweden
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Swedish Crowns/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
215
416
..
370
842
..
353
433.3
..
607
877.1
..
413
1407
..
..
632
..
Swedish Crowns/ toe

Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
677
1465.6
..
..
658.3
..

Swedish Crowns/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.130
0.020
0.170
0.030
0.241
0.050
0.295
0.055
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.210
0.030
0.250
0.040
0.339
0.072
0.520
0.156
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Switzerland
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
19.72
20.86
25.10
26.48
27.14
27.07
27.05
1.4
0.5
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
174.28
178.23
221.69
246.04
249.42
248.54
253.10
1.4
1.0
0.11
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.0
-0.4
TPES/population(2)
6.44
6.39
6.80
7.21
7.34
7.41
7.42
0.3
0.6
3.06
3.27
3.69
3.67
3.70
3.66
3.65
1.1
-0.1
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

100
103
100
95
96
96
94
0.0
-0.4
100
119
127
128
130
133
..
1.4
..
4505
5523
6913
7268
7330
7447
..
2.6
..
36.82
48.18
54.70
65.95
64.94
64.94
63.82
2.4
1.1
TPES (Mtoe)
(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
19.72
20.86
25.10
26.48
27.14
27.07
27.05
1.4
90-04
0.5
0.33
0.33
0.36
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.13
0.5
-7.1
15.26
13.34
13.46
12.73
12.96
12.58
12.50
-0.7
-0.5
Gas
0.15
0.87
1.63
2.43
2.49
2.63
2.71
15.1
3.7
Comb. Renew & Waste
0.24
0.47
1.03
1.59
1.66
1.68
1.66
8.9
3.5
Nuclear
1.64
3.74
6.18
6.91
7.12
7.18
7.05
8.1
0.9
0.06
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.13
5.5
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03
9.0
2.40
2.82
2.56
3.17
3.03
2.99
2.90
0.4
0.9
-0.30
-0.70
-0.18
-0.61
-0.39
-0.27
-0.06
-2.9
-7.5
Oil
Geothermal
Hydro
Heat

Switzerland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.4
6.3
14.3
23.6
26.4
26.8
27.2
27.5
27.8
29.1
33.9
31.0
38.2
42.7
36.9
36.9
2.0
of which:
1.0
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.7
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.9
2.6
1.0
1.3
2.7
2.4
2.5
..
..
0.1
0.0
2.9
2.6
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.2
0.6
1.6
1.5
1.5
32.1
38.0
49.2
55.9
67.3
71.9
66.7
67.0
0.6
0.9
1.1
1.7
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.1
31.6
37.2
48.2
54.2
65.4
69.9
64.6
64.9
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
2.6 e
1.6 e
1.4
1.7
1.5
1.7
2.0
1.9
2.4
2.9
30.1
Imports
6.9
7.0
8.5
20.8
24.3
24.1
27.8
Exports
8.0
10.5
16.7
22.9
31.4
34.5
32.3
33.2
29.1
31.9
38.5
50.4
56.3
57.5
57.7
58.9
2.4
2.9
3.2
3.4
3.9
3.4
3.9
3.8
26.7
29.0
35.3
47.0
52.4
54.0
53.8
55.1
31.2
36.8
48.2
54.7
66.0
70.5
64.9
64.9
31.1
34.5
41.1
53.8
60.3
61.5
62.1
63.9
35.3
47.0
52.4
54.0
53.8
55.1
26.7
29.0

Switzerland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
37.10
48.18
54.70
65.95
64.94
64.94
63.82
2.5
0.07
0.04
2.27
0.49
0.28
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.09
-12.2
-8.0
Gas
0.29
0.30
1.00
0.89
0.92
1.09
9.6
0.17
0.64
1.60
1.53
1.62 e
1.92
8.2
7.07
14.35
23.64
26.45
27.23
27.49
26.96
7.8
0.9
26.5
Total(1)
Coal
Oil
Nuclear
Geothermal
1.1
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
27.77
32.81
29.80
36.83
35.21
34.82
33.74
0.4
0.9
1.08
1.07
1.19
1.40
1.71
2.05
1.73
0.6
2.7
Total
33.47
43.79
50.53
61.99
61.32
61.32
..
2.6
..
Coal
0.03
0.01
..
..
0.25
0.10
0.02
0.02
0.04
..
-17.5
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Oil
2.15 e
Gas
0.12
0.11
0.21
0.10
0.14
..
0.17
0.48
1.44
1.36
1.45 e
..
..
7.07
14.35
23.64
26.45
27.23
27.49
..
7.8
..
..
..
..
..
24.25
28.87
26.19
33.88
32.61
32.22
..
0.5
..
1.08
1.07
1.19
1.37
1.66
1.99
..
0.6
..
Total
3.63
4.39
4.17
3.96
3.62
3.62
..
0.9
..
Coal
0.03
0.03
..
..
0.24
0.18
0.04
0.03 e
0.04
..
3.0
..
0.17
0.19
0.79
0.79
0.79
..
..
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
Autoproducers
Oil
0.11 e
Gas
0.16
0.16
0.17
0.17
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
..
..
3.52
3.94
3.61
2.96
2.61
2.60
..
0.2
..

0.03
0.05
0.06
..
..
Hydro
Switzerland
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
8930
11470
12733
13510
14901
13740
17848
80-95 95-04
2.4
Coal
198
17
Oil
1508
638
31
Gas
416
200
8458 e
11068 e
8809
121
Geothermal
Solar
3.8
870
870
876
1136
21.3
11699
13171
11974
15532
3.8
890
810
910
860
890
1180
13.5
4.3
Heat Pumps
Electric Boilers
Total
8930
11470
12733
13510
14901
13740
..
2.4
..
Coal
198
17
..
..
Oil
1508
638
31
..
..
Gas
416 e
200 e
870
876 e
..
8458 e
11068 e
11699
13171
11974
..
8809
..
..
Nuclear
of which:
Nuclear
870 e
121
890
810
910
860
890
..
13.5
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
Oil
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
Switzerland
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
32.15
38.02
38.18
49.25
55.89
67.35
71.91
66.65
66.99
1.39
6.31
7.07
14.35
23.64
26.45
26.81
27.23
27.49
27.84
29.11
28.85
33.88
30.98
38.23
42.67
36.92
36.87
2.05
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
1.21
1.08
1.07
1.19
1.40
1.37
1.71
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01

Combustible Fuels
2.92
2.60
2.27
1.02
1.27
2.66
2.41
2.48
2.61 e
of which:
Coal
..
..
..
0.07
0.04
2.92
2.60
2.27
0.49
0.28
0.05
0.06
0.06
0.07
Gas
0.29
0.30
1.00
0.85
0.89
0.92
0.17
0.64
1.60
1.50
1.53
1.62 e
Oil
(1)
31.59
37.16
37.41
48.16
54.16
65.35
69.86
64.64
64.89
Nuclear
..
..
6.73
13.66
22.30
24.95
25.29
25.69
25.93
Hydro
..
..
28.56
33.54
30.68
37.85
42.25
36.56
36.45
2.03
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
1.07
1.06
1.18
1.38
1.35
1.69
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
2.12 e
0.96
1.18
2.54
2.31
2.37
2.49

Switzerland
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total
..
420
503
3919
3894
3602
3545
..
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
420
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
420
503
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
503
2449
572
628
32
55
5
98
1059
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1205 e
1205 e
1211 e
1211 e
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
265 e
265 e
252 e
252 e
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
2431
577
634
32
56
5
99
1028
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
2268
510
560
28
50
4
88
1028
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1069 e
1069 e
1049 e
1049 e
..
..
..
265 e
265 e
263 e
263 e
..
..
..
..
..
e
e
e
e
e
e
2233
500
549
27
49
4
86
1018
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
Switzerland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total
0.44
0.39
0.66
1.00
1.06
1.06
0.95
2.4
Coal
0.02
0.01
0.44
0.12
0.10
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
-8.3
-12.9
Gas
0.10
0.10
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.21
5.6
0.15
0.44 e
0.81 e
0.85 e
0.86 e
0.73 e
3.9
Total
..
0.30
0.54
0.81
0.86
0.85
0.72
..
2.3
Coal
..
0.01
0.01
..
Oil
..
0.11
0.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
..
-19.0
Gas
..
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
..
5.5
0.77 e
0.81 e
0.80 e
0.67 e
..
3.65
Combustible Fuels
Oil
2.9
..
0.15
0.42 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.64
3.74
6.18
6.91
7.01
7.12
7.19
8.1
1.2
1.2
Thermal
Total
1.64
3.74
6.18
6.91
7.01
7.12
7.18
8.1
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
24.4
2.40
2.82
2.56
3.17
3.55
3.03
2.99
0.4
1.2
2.40
2.82
2.56
3.17
3.55
3.03
2.99
0.4
1.2
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Switzerland
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
23
197
65
-
21
530
40
198
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
150
6281
492
-
102
4230
284
1508
12
539
54
31
13
539
63 e
-
12
503
58 e
-
16
591
74
-
-9.3
-9.8
-7.9
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
4840
294
-
4750
303
416 e
8333
1004
870
9051
848
870 e
8679
893
870 e
9622
921
876 e
3.0
5.1
-
1486 e
21
-
1672 e
25
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
1432
8
-
983
14
-
983
11
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
6406
173
-
31800
1434
11649
33692
1332
12548
33400
1351
13138
27720
1441
11951
6.6
9.7
-
638
119
-
655
122
-
664
124
-
44723 e
2445
14008
40269 e
2585
12827
16490
551
8458 e

Fuel Input (TJ)
302
554
60
106
Fuel Input (TJ)
17724
27734
42209
1024
1246
2612
8809
10580
12550
44903
2373
13418
3.6
4.1
1.6
Switzerland
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
17.57
17.52
19.65
21.19
21.60
21.05
21.57
0.7
0.7
0.29
0.31
0.35
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.14
1.1
-6.7
14.30
12.94
12.85
13.12
13.22
12.75
12.90
-0.6
0.0
0.24
0.72
1.51
2.23
2.32
2.28
2.40
11.5
3.6
0.24
0.32
0.59
0.78
0.82
0.81
0.95
5.4
3.7
0.06
0.09
0.11
0.11
0.12
5.3
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
8.8
2.49
3.03
4.04
4.50
4.65
4.63
4.74
2.9
1.2
0.19
0.25
0.29
0.32
0.33
0.30
1.4
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
4.17
4.04
3.50
4.14
4.31
4.14
4.19
-1.0
1.4
0.08
0.22
0.33
0.13
0.14
0.13
0.13
8.9
-6.8
3.09
2.29
0.88
1.12
1.21
1.10
1.11
-7.1
1.8
0.05
0.36
0.59
0.76
0.78
0.75
0.79
15.6
2.2
0.12
0.16
0.44
0.45
0.44
0.44
7.9
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.95
1.02
1.48
1.55
1.59
1.56
1.57
2.6
0.5
0.03
0.05
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.14
8.9
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
4.29
4.47
6.29
7.40
7.24
7.07
7.00
2.3
0.8
4.12
4.29
6.07
7.17
7.01
6.83
6.75
2.3
0.8
0.17
0.18
0.22
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.26
1.4
1.1
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.12
0.15
0.20
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.14
3.0
-2.4
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.7
-11.7
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.00 e
0.02 e
-
0.02 e
-
0.03 e
-
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.03 e
0.02 e
0.03 e
19.8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
7.3
1.1
Switzerland
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.72
0.72
-
2.70
1.57
0.09
0.93
0.11
3.38
0.00
1.88
0.30
0.02 e
1.09
0.10
3.29
1.30 e
0.51
0.11 e
0.01
0.00
1.28
0.07
3.42
1.34 e
0.52
0.11 e
0.01
0.00
1.35
0.08
3.35
1.28 e
0.51
0.11 e
0.01
0.00
1.35
0.08
3.59
1.32 e
0.53
0.25 e
0.01
0.00
1.39
0.08
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
1.27
0.21
0.19
0.24
0.63
-
5.46
0.09
4.01
0.28
0.17
0.87
0.05
5.29
0.01
3.38
0.61
1.17
0.11
5.58
0.01
2.97 e
0.87
0.21
0.07
0.01
1.35
0.09
5.83
0.01
3.10
0.91
0.23
0.09
0.01
1.39
0.10
5.70
0.01
2.98
0.90
0.22
0.09
0.01
1.40
0.09
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
6.39
6.39
-
0.20
0.20
-
0.57
0.10
0.00
0.40 e
0.06
0.01
-
0.21
0.11 e
0.10
0.00 e
0.00
-
0.24
0.13 e
0.11
0.00 e
0.00
-
0.00
0.00
Heat
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
9.5
2.5
-
0.5
-2.7
4.6
20.8
1.9
-1.2
5.96
0.01
3.15
0.96
0.24
0.09
0.01
1.43
0.07
8.8
-14.7
7.2
3.7
-
0.9
-4.4
-0.6
3.6
1.6
-3.2
0.24
0.12
0.11
0.00 e
0.00
-
0.28
0.16
0.12
0.00 e
0.00
-
-13.3
-21.8
-
-5.3
3.7
41.6
-35.0
-30.4
-
0.00
0.00

Switzerland
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
17.57
17.52
18.89
19.65
20.23
21.19
21.60
21.05
21.57
Total Industry
4.17
4.04
4.26
3.50
3.73
4.14
4.31
4.14
4.19
Iron and Steel
0.02
0.00
0.13
0.13
0.16
0.17
0.32
0.52
0.65
0.70
0.68
0.74
0.77
0.78
0.78
Non-ferrous Metals
0.16
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.10
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.15
0.01
0.22
0.52
0.56
0.45
0.45
0.47
0.42
0.44
TFC
Transport Equipment
0.28
0.37
0.64
0.63
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.39
0.40
Food and Tobacco
0.04
0.05
0.16
0.15
0.13
0.44
0.47
0.39
0.41
0.10
0.21
0.35
0.38
0.42
0.62
0.63
0.66
0.65
0.03
0.08
Construction
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.25
0.26
0.25
0.25
Textile and Leather
0.10
0.11
0.22
0.16
0.17
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
Non Specified/Other
3.13
2.33
1.51
0.69
1.22
0.82
0.87
0.82
0.82
Machinery
12.78
12.99
14.21
15.73
16.09
16.61
16.88
16.50
16.98
Agriculture
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.20
0.27
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.14
0.72
2.70
3.22
3.38
3.27
3.29
3.42
3.35
3.59
Residential
1.27
5.46
5.36
5.29
5.89
5.58
5.83
5.70
5.96
Transport
4.29
4.47
5.09
6.29
6.44
7.40
7.24
7.07
7.00

Non-Energy Use(1)
6.39
0.20
0.36
0.57
0.22
0.21
0.24
0.24
0.28
0.61
0.49
0.41
0.43
0.40
0.43
0.42
0.41
0.40
2.49
3.03
3.55
4.04
4.19
4.50
4.65
4.63
4.74
Total Industry
0.95
1.02
1.35
1.48
1.38
1.55
1.59
1.56
1.57
Iron and Steel
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.14
0.16
0.17
0.20
0.23
0.22 e
0.22 e
0.22 e
0.22 e
Non-ferrous Metals
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.14
0.07
0.12 e
0.12 e
0.12 e
0.12 e
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.04
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e
Transport Equipment
0.27
0.29
0.27
0.31
0.21
Food and Tobacco
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.15 e
0.16 e
0.15 e
0.16 e
0.22 e
0.23 e
0.22 e
0.23 e
Machinery
0.28 e
-
0.29 e
-
0.28 e
-
0.28 e
-
0.09
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.11
Construction
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.07 e
0.07 e
0.07 e
0.07 e
Textile and Leather
0.10
0.09
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.05 e
0.05 e
0.05 e
0.05 e
Non Specified/Other
0.18
0.13
0.43
0.50
0.58
0.28 e
0.29 e
0.28 e
0.28 e
1.54
2.01
2.21
2.56
2.80
2.95
3.06
3.07
3.17
Agriculture
0.02
0.03
0.07
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.72
0.93
0.92
1.09
1.18
1.28
1.35
1.35
1.39
Residential
0.63
0.87
1.03
1.17
1.31
1.35
1.39
1.40
1.43
Transport
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.22
0.21
0.23
0.23
0.24
0.26
0.02

Switzerland
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
29.01
35.25
46.97
52.37
54.05
53.81
55.12
2.9
1.2
Industry
11.06
11.90
17.24
18.08
18.45
18.11
18.29
2.6
0.5
Transport
2.03
2.09
2.57
2.64
2.70
2.79
2.98
1.4
1.1
Agriculture
0.27
0.38
0.88
0.99
1.02
1.01
1.02
7.3
1.1
8.35
10.81
12.67
14.94
15.70
15.68
16.15
2.5
1.9
Residential
Energy(1)
7.31
10.08
13.60
15.73
16.18
16.23
16.68
3.7
1.6
2.49
3.03
4.04
4.50
4.65
4.63
4.74
2.9
1.2


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
11.06
11.90
17.24
18.08
18.45
18.11
18.29
2.6
0.5
0.94 e
0.96 e
0.94 e
0.95 e
1.61
1.88
2.36
2.55 e
2.61 e
2.56 e
2.58 e
2.3
0.7
Non-Ferrous Metals

Iron and Steel
1.81
1.84
1.62
1.39 e
1.42 e
1.39 e
1.41 e
-0.6
-1.1
0.63
0.71
0.89 e
0.90 e
0.89 e
0.90 e
1.8
Transport Equipment
3.11
3.37
3.57
Machinery
3.25 e
-
3.32 e
-
3.26 e
-
3.29 e
0.8
-0.6
Food and Tobacco
0.30
0.36
0.47
1.79 e
1.83 e
1.80 e
1.81 e
2.6
11.0
2.59 e
2.64 e
2.59 e
2.62 e
2.2
4.3
1.04
1.23
1.51
Construction
0.07
0.08
0.83 e
0.84 e
0.83 e
1.15
1.01
1.10
0.59 e
0.60 e
Non Specified/Other
2.05
1.51
5.81
3.27 e
3.33 e
1.55
1.59

0.95
1.02
1.48
0.84 e
19.7
0.59 e
0.60 e
-0.3
-4.5
3.27 e
3.31 e
6.3
-4.2
1.56
1.57
2.6
0.5
Switzerland
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.02
8.49
14.51
20.75
19.42
24.33
24.10
27.80
30.08
14.51
20.75
19.42
24.33
24.10
27.80
30.08
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
0.03
0.77
1.97
4.19
3.64
4.22
4.06
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
10.09
11.11
9.70
9.61
9.93
11.24
12.27
Germany
4.19
8.81
7.66
10.45
10.40
12.27
13.68
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
0.20
0.07
0.09
0.08
0.13
0.08
0.08
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
7.02
8.49
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
8.49
Others
7.02
Switzerland
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
10.52
16.67
23.21
22.86
26.69
31.40
34.54
32.31
33.20
23.09
22.70
26.51
31.18
34.31
32.07
32.93
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
0.19
0.08
0.29
0.21
0.73
0.25
0.37
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.81
0.74
0.82
2.07
2.00
1.50
1.87
Germany
7.20
4.80
6.47
6.56
7.79
5.04
4.21
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
14.89
17.08
18.94
22.34
23.80
25.28
26.47
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
10.52
16.67
0.12
0.17
0.18
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.27
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
10.52
16.67
0.12
0.17
0.18
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.27
Switzerland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
13.32
15.54
16.57
16.88
17.43
18.89
18.97
18.99
19.02

Total Capacity
Nuclear
Hydro
1.01
1.94
2.89
2.95
3.08
3.20
3.20
3.22
3.22
11.72
12.90
12.93
13.13
13.35
14.90
14.94
14.95
14.97
1.31
1.45
1.45
1.46
1.46
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.66
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.59
0.70
0.75
0.80
1.00
0.79
0.83
0.82
0.83
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
0.59
0.70
0.75
0.80
1.00
0.51
0.19 e
0.19 e
0.10 e
Natural Gas
0.28 e
0.28 e
0.32 e
0.28
0.35 e
0.35 e
0.41 e
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
0.21
0.21 e
0.21 e
0.24 e
Internal Combustion
0.03
0.03 e
0.03 e
0.03 e
Gas Turbine
Combined Cycle
0.59
0.70
0.75
0.80
1.00
0.55
0.59 e
0.58 e
0.56 e
Peak Load
..
..
7.77
8.54
8.63
9.03
9.40
9.60
9.59
Available Capacity
..
..
9.87
8.71
9.85
11.74
10.95
9.46
11.48
Other
Switzerland
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.11
Nuclear
Hydro
Geothermal
Solar
0.01
0.02
0.02 e
0.02 e
0.02 e
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.01 e
0.01 e
0.01 e
Combustible Fuels
0.07
0.08
AUTOPRODUCERS
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e
of which:
Single-fired:
Liquid Fuels
0.01
0.04
0.04 e
0.04 e
0.04 e
Natural Gas
0.04
0.04
0.04 e
0.04 e
0.04 e
0.02
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
Internal Combustion
0.08
0.08 e
0.08 e
0.08 e
Gas Turbine
0.00
Combined Cycle
0.06
Other
0.00
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
0.44
0.41
0.34
0.41
0.40
0.40
0.47
Switzerland
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..

Swiss Francs/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
x
..
..
x
..
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
x
..
..
Swiss Francs/ toe

x
..
..
x
..
..

Swiss Francs/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0917
-
0.0944
-
0.1154
-
0.1238
-
0.1166
-
0.1166
-
0.1141
-
0.1087
-
0.1061
-
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.1180
-
0.1216
-
0.1441
-
0.1538
-
0.1879
0.0131
0.1838
0.0130
0.1827
0.0129
0.1793
0.0127
0.1771
0.0125

Turkey
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
24.37
31.51
53.00
77.51
75.58
78.95
82.46
4.7
3.2
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
66.33
84.37
140.20
199.26
198.97
210.50
231.20
4.5
3.6
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.38
0.38
0.36
0.2
-0.4
TPES/population(2)
38.45
44.44
56.20
67.46
69.67
70.80
71.85
2.3
1.8
0.63
0.71
0.94
1.15
1.08
1.12
1.15
2.4
1.4
100
102
103
106
103
102
97
0.2
-0.4
100
155
214
322
341
350
..
4.6
..
258
440
800
1422
1458
1559
..
6.9
..
12.43
23.28
57.54
124.92
129.40
140.58
149.98
9.4
7.1
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
24.37
31.51
53.00
77.51
75.58
78.95
82.46
4.7
3.2
5.15
6.99
16.94
23.34
19.96
21.37
22.61
7.3
2.1
12.50
15.69
23.61
31.08
30.53
29.77
30.36
3.8
1.8
2.85
12.63
14.73
17.72
18.70
14.4
6.45
7.68
7.21
6.56
6.05
5.79
5.55
0.7
-1.9
Geothermal
0.05
0.06
0.43
0.68
0.82
0.86
0.96
13.8
5.8
0.03
0.26
0.32
0.36
0.38
20.5
Hydro
0.22
0.98
1.99
2.66
2.90
3.04
3.96
13.7
5.0
0.12
-0.06
0.29
0.27
0.05
-0.06
-0.9
Gas
Comb. Renew & Waste
Nuclear
Heat

Turkey
(TWh)
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2.6
2.6
11.3
23.1
30.9
24.0
33.7
35.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Nuclear
Hydro
2003
of which:
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
Combustible Fuels
Coal
7.2
9.8
11.9
34.3
93.9
98.6
95.6
105.1
3.0
3.2
6.0
20.2
38.2
38.4
32.1
32.3
Oil
Gas
4.0
6.4
5.8
3.9
10.5
10.4
10.7
9.2
10.2
45.1
49.6
52.5
63.5
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
Gross Production
9.8
12.4
23.3
57.5
124.9
122.7
129.4
140.6
0.5
0.6
1.4
3.3
6.2
6.5
5.7
5.3
Net Production(1)
9.3
11.8
21.9
54.2
118.7
116.3
123.7
135.2
Used for Heat Pumps

1.2
Imports
1.3
0.2
3.8
4.6
3.6
Exports
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
9.3
11.8
23.2
53.5
122.1
120.4
126.9
135.8
1.0
1.3
2.8
6.7
23.8
23.3
23.9
24.1
0.5
0.6
0.9
1.9
2.4
1.8
1.4
1.4
7.8
9.9
19.5
45.0
95.9
95.3
101.5
110.4
9.8
12.4
23.3
57.5
124.9
122.7
129.4
140.6
9.8
12.4
24.6
56.8
128.3
126.9
132.6
141.2
20.4
46.8
98.3
97.1
102.9
111.8
8.3
10.5

Turkey
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
13.48
23.28
57.54
124.92
129.40
140.58
149.98
9.5
Coal
3.87
5.96
20.18
38.19
32.15
32.25
34.04
10.9
3.8
Oil
6.04
5.83
3.94
10.46
10.74
9.20
9.19
-2.6
6.2
13.6
Gas
7.1
10.19
45.07
52.50
63.54
60.48
0.21
0.14
0.22
0.17
0.12
0.06
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.08
0.08
0.11
0.09
0.09
1.1
0.03
0.05
0.06
0.06
3.36
11.35
23.15
30.88
33.68
35.33
46.05
12.8
5.0
Total
12.63
21.09
54.18
108.96
108.95
117.45
..
9.5
..
Coal
3.68
5.11
19.81
36.17
29.51
29.51
..
11.1
..
Oil
5.63
4.69
0.97
6.90
5.27
3.55
..
-10.4
..
10.19
34.98
40.56
49.47
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Gas
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
0.08
0.08
0.11
0.09
..
..
0.03
0.04
0.06
..
..
3.33
11.29
23.14
30.82
33.47
34.78
..
12.9
..
..
..
Total
0.85
2.19
3.36
15.96
20.45
23.13
..
9.0
..
Coal
0.19
0.85
0.38
2.02
2.64
2.75
..
4.2
..
Oil
0.42
1.14
2.97
3.57
5.47
5.65
..
13.1
..
0.00
10.09
11.94
14.07
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers
Gas
0.21
0.14
0.22
0.17
0.12
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.01
..
..
0.03
0.06
0.01
0.06
0.22
0.55
..
-6.4
..
..
..
Hydro

Turkey
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
9.78
12.43
13.48
23.28
57.54
124.92
122.73
129.40
140.58
2.61
2.60
3.36
11.35
23.15
30.88
24.01
33.68
35.33
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
Geothermal
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.11
0.09
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.06

Combustible Fuels
7.17
9.82
10.12
11.93
34.32
93.93
98.56
95.56
105.10
of which:
Coal
2.98
3.24
3.87
5.96
20.18
38.19
38.42
32.15
32.25
Oil
4.03
6.38
6.04
5.83
3.94
10.46
10.42
10.74
9.20
Gas
(1)
10.19
45.07
49.55
52.50
63.54
0.16
0.20
0.21
0.14
0.22
0.18
0.17
0.12
9.27
11.81
12.85
21.88
54.23
118.70
116.25
123.73
135.25
Nuclear
..
..
Hydro
..
..
3.26
11.16
22.74
30.19
23.39
33.43
34.99
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.10
0.08
Solar
..
..
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.06
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
9.59
10.72
31.42
88.40
92.72
90.16
100.12

Turkey
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
798
1914
3085
15286
17142
19640
22247
12.2
277
277
-
580
580
-
718
718
-
694
694
-
634
634
-
1878
756
246
36
1
61
409
294
73
2
2808
1136
873
30
23
342
374
30
-
14188
3662
1111
164
1638
480
62
724
719
166
161
2820
2481
15512
4157
1403
217
1885
848
67
877
709
186
124
3425
1614
18008
4358
2059
263
2130
1090
95
952
905
159
15
4414
1568
20770
4236
2336
440
2944
1348
65
1008
851
146
150
5388
1858
12.0
10.4
12.2
16.3
28.2
1.5
6.8
-0.1
18.2
16.4
29 e
29 e
-
36
36 e
-
518
518
-
912
912
-
938
938
-
843
810
33
-
12.3
12.2
-
Total
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
769
242
82
37
1
42
150
150
42
23
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
Turkey
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
2.55
3.36
9.02
21.82
22.52
21.09
21.78
7.7
7.0
Coal
1.28
1.87
5.70
11.09
11.02
9.25
8.67
9.2
3.3
Oil
1.27
1.48
1.19
2.80
2.56
2.35
2.11
-0.4
4.5
Gas
2.13
7.82
8.83
9.42
10.96
13.4
0.11 e
0.11 e
0.08 e
Total
..
2.69
7.80
17.97
18.38
16.57
16.67
..
6.0
Coal
..
1.52
5.24
10.36
10.17
8.36
7.76
..
3.1
Oil
..
1.17
0.43
1.86
1.65
1.21
0.75
..
4.3
Gas
..
2.13
5.75
6.55
7.01
8.16
..
10.9
..
..
0.05 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.08
Nuclear
Geothermal
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.08
0.8
Solar
0.22
0.98
1.99
2.66
2.07
2.90
3.04
13.7
3.3
0.22
0.98
1.99
2.66
2.06
2.90
3.04
13.7
3.3
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.01
0.00
0.01
Thermal
Total
0.8
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
Turkey
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
703
444
1918
2148
1912
3586
7.3
12943
6986
29367
34672
31997
74321
7.9
804
564
2856
3229
3224
7697
10.3
5473
29632
52285
52636
41761
34624
8.4
46833
203063
369106
369873
304842
251686
7.6
4302
19241
33953
34045
27732
23241
7.6
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)

1267
433
1936
1592
1281
831
-1.8
51711
17486
79710
64804
51925
33561
-1.9
4690
1176
7065
6689
5685
3821
-0.9
Fuel Input (TJ)
98996
273176
310836
332521
385380
10191
35159
38594
40751
50078
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
456 e
396 e
372 e
288 e
38
33
32
24
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
10 e
40 e
84 e
111487
326531
751815 e
780591 e
721697 e
745320 e
8.6

9796
31172
79071
82591
77427
84868
9.8
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Turkey
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
62
1700
108
-
30
778
57
-
62
1860
108
-
66
1924
139
-
83
2455
146
-
82
2428
133
-
1.2
1.6
0.9
-
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
559
7024
746
-
252
3654
319
-
193
3146
414
-
149
2423
326
-
159
2530
324
-
164
2553
349
-
-5.2
-4.3
-3.2
-
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
19219
855
-
18283
678
-
19645
723
-
20729
833
-

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
323
13151
1141
-
722
30026
2766
-
914
38017
3396
-
893
36397
3728
-
1150
47217
5059
-
1327
53485
5376
-
6.3
6.3
7.0
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
9
1
-
90772
9908
-
100164
10956
-
105803
11745
-
124574
13457
-
1134
136
-
3558
145
-
3642
109
-
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
192 e
16
-
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)
216 e
21
Fuel Input (TJ)
23009
34467
156980 e
2131
3143
14863
2472 e
103
-
1152 e
48
-
0.1
-4.4
-
156 e
13
-
156 e
13
-
144 e
12
-
247 e
23
-
237 e
23
-
257 e
25
-
163236 e
15972
-
180515 e
18136
-
205322 e
20233
-
10.0
10.3
-
Turkey
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
20.03
26.53
40.55
57.14
51.29
56.67
60.01
4.2
2.93
4.16
7.57
10.14
6.46
8.76
10.40
5.7
2.5
9.70
12.91
20.80
26.92
25.01
26.94
26.59
4.6
1.9
0.04
0.04
0.72
4.49
4.45
5.22
6.65
18.6
18.6
6.45
7.68
7.21
6.45
6.21
5.97
5.75
0.7
-1.7
0.05
0.06
0.36
0.62
0.69
0.73
0.78
12.6
6.1
0.03
0.26
0.29
0.32
0.35
21.4
0.85
1.68
3.87
8.25
8.20
8.73
9.49
9.3
7.2
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
3.88
6.92
12.65
20.48
16.44
20.00
21.73
7.2
4.2
1.14
2.17
4.52
8.61
5.43
7.39
8.61
8.4
5.1
2.18
3.71
5.10
6.05
5.56
6.28
6.15
5.1
1.5
0.00
0.00
0.67
1.76
1.47
2.01
2.23
37.3
9.7
0.01
0.10
0.12
0.12
0.12
23.1
0.55
1.05
2.35
3.96
3.87
4.20
4.62
8.9
5.3
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
4.49
5.62
9.58
12.50
11.99
12.92
12.95
4.6
2.3
0.52
0.18
0.01
0.00
-18.9
3.95
5.43
9.53
12.39
11.89
12.81
12.84
5.3
2.3
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.06
7.6
5.7
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.81
0.94
1.98
2.96
2.96
3.24
2.96
5.4
3.1
0.80
0.93
1.94
2.70
2.69
2.94
2.65
5.3
2.4
3.1
0.00
0.01
0.05
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.31
14.9
15.3
Turkey
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.31
0.16
0.00
0.15
-
0.31
0.00
0.30
-
0.64
0.00
0.64
-
1.90
1.90
-
2.59
0.62
1.97
-
2.88
0.74
2.14
-
3.33
1.00
2.33
-
4.2
-9.0
8.8
-
13.6
75.8
10.5
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
10.11
1.27
2.19
0.03
6.45
0.05
0.12
-
12.24
1.81
2.36
0.03
7.68
0.06
0.30
-
14.62
3.03
3.17
0.05
7.21
0.36
0.02
0.78
-
17.19
1.53
3.68
2.69
6.45
0.62
0.16
2.05
-
15.40
1.03
2.96
2.32
6.21
0.69
0.17
2.03
-
15.66
1.37
2.95
2.42
5.97
0.73
0.20
2.03
-
16.92
1.79
2.84
3.36
5.75
0.78
0.23
2.17
-
2.2
5.3
2.2
2.6
0.7
12.6
11.7
-
1.1
-4.0
-0.8
37.8
-1.7
6.1
20.7
8.2
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.02
1.3
1.3
Heat

Turkey
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
20.03
26.53
31.15
40.55
48.21
57.14
51.29
56.67
60.01
Total Industry
3.88
6.92
8.29
12.65
14.47
20.48
16.44
20.00
21.73
Iron and Steel
0.41
1.09
1.19
1.69
2.34
2.10
1.99
1.82
2.07
0.58
0.98
1.23
3.29
3.36
2.78
2.88
3.43
3.10
Non-ferrous Metals
0.03
0.30
0.34
0.70
0.54
0.71
0.70
0.72
0.79
0.10
0.17
0.28
0.54
0.81
1.05
0.92
0.91
1.00
TFC
Transport Equipment
2003
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.02
Machinery
0.03
0.05
0.08
0.13
0.15
0.25
0.22
0.23
0.27
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.08
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.06
Food and Tobacco
0.22
0.38
0.77
1.03
0.90
1.01
0.99
0.95
1.11
0.23
0.25
0.15
0.29
0.41
0.35
0.37
0.46
0.05
0.09
0.13
0.17
0.19
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.06

Construction
0.20
0.29
0.90
1.37
1.35
1.31
1.22
1.18
1.47
Textile and Leather
0.28
0.46
0.68
0.84
1.02
1.28
1.22
1.47
1.70
Non Specified/Other
1.96
2.86
2.41
2.69
3.45
9.46
5.84
8.80
9.63
15.73
19.12
22.08
26.84
32.13
34.55
32.94
34.70
36.17
Agriculture
0.81
0.94
1.51
1.98
2.69
2.96
2.96
3.24
2.96
0.31
0.31
0.39
0.64
1.11
1.90
2.59
2.88
3.33
10.11
12.24
13.52
14.62
16.12
17.19
15.40
15.66
16.92
4.49
12.95
Residential
Transport
5.62
6.65
9.58
12.20
12.50
11.99
12.92

Non-Energy Use(1)
0.02
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.41
0.49
0.78
1.06
1.60
2.11
1.91
1.97
2.11
0.85
1.68
2.45
3.87
5.60
8.25
8.20
8.73
9.49
Total Industry
0.55
1.05
1.58
2.35
3.07
3.96
3.87
4.20
4.62
Iron and Steel
0.07
0.16
0.24
0.42
0.86
0.72
0.69
0.69
0.82
0.06
0.11
0.15
0.29
0.14
0.23
0.21
0.24
0.29
Non-ferrous Metals
0.02
0.13
0.17
0.22
0.19
0.22
0.22
0.22
0.26
0.10
0.17
0.24
0.34
0.41
0.50
0.47
0.42
0.48
Transport Equipment
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Machinery
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.10
0.13
0.21
0.19
0.20
0.24
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.08
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.06
Food and Tobacco
0.07
0.13
0.20
0.22
0.20
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.36

..
..
..
..
..
0.14
0.10
0.10
0.14
0.05
0.09
0.13
0.17
0.19
0.06
0.05
0.05
0.06
Construction
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.08
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
Textile and Leather
0.11
0.15
0.26
0.34
0.45
0.78
0.78
0.88
1.02
Non Specified/Other
0.02
0.05
0.07
0.19
0.36
0.68
0.73
0.96
0.79
0.30
0.64
0.87
1.51
2.53
4.28
4.33
4.53
4.87
Agriculture
0.00
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.13
0.26
0.28
0.30
0.31
0.15
0.30
0.39
0.64
1.11
1.90
1.97
2.14
2.33
Residential
0.12
0.30
0.43
0.78
1.25
2.05
2.03
2.03
2.17
Transport
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.07
0.06
0.07
0.06

0.02
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.01
Turkey
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
10.53
20.40
46.82
98.30
97.07
102.95
111.77
9.2
6.9
Industry
6.44
12.15
27.34
46.09
45.00
48.88
53.70
8.9
5.3
Transport
0.10
0.15
0.35
0.77
0.66
0.76
0.71
7.6
5.7
Agriculture
0.05
0.16
0.58
3.07
3.20
3.49
3.66
14.9
15.3
1.76
3.54
7.40
22.06
22.90
24.85
27.10
8.8
10.5
Residential
Energy(1)
1.39
3.50
9.06
23.89
23.56
23.56
25.20
11.7
8.2
0.61
0.86
1.87
2.42
1.75
1.42
1.40
6.8
-2.2
0.18
0.04
0.23
1.3
0.91
1.75
4.03
8.45
8.35
8.85
9.61
9.2
6.9

(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
6.44
12.15
27.34
46.09
45.00
48.88
53.70
8.9
90-03
5.3
Iron and Steel
0.84
1.82
4.84
8.40
8.06
8.07
9.58
10.9
5.4
0.66
1.22
3.37
2.62
2.41
2.84
3.40
10.1
0.1
Non-Ferrous Metals
0.23
1.52
2.55
2.51
2.52
2.54
3.08
15.1
1.5
1.21
2.00
3.99
5.87
5.48
4.93
5.60
7.3
2.6
Transport Equipment
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.30
0.39
1.14
2.48
2.16
2.29
2.74
8.2
7.0
Machinery
0.21
0.18
0.47
0.68
0.60
0.57
0.64
4.9
2.4
Food and Tobacco
0.85
1.54
2.59
3.09
3.15
3.19
4.14
6.8
3.7

..
..
..
1.64
1.17
1.20
1.59
..
..
0.61
1.02
1.92
0.67
0.61
0.63
0.68
7.0
-7.7
Construction
0.02
0.19
0.40
1.21
1.19
1.18
1.21
18.0
8.9
1.22
1.74
3.92
9.06
9.10
10.25
11.87
7.1
8.9
Non Specified/Other
0.29
0.52
2.15
7.86
8.55
11.18
9.17
12.5
11.8

0.55
1.05
2.35
3.96
3.87
4.20
4.62
8.9
5.3
Turkey
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1.34
2.14
0.18
3.79
4.58
3.59
1.16
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
1.34
2.14
0.18
3.79
4.58
3.59
1.16
Albania
Bulgaria
0.75
1.48
3.30
3.78
3.45
1.14
Romania
Former USSR
0.59
0.67
0.18
0.20
0.52
0.09
0.02
Belarus
Georgia
0.59
0.67
0.18
0.20
0.52
0.09
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
0.02
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.29
0.28
0.05
Others
Turkey
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.91
0.70
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.59
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
0.91
0.70
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.59
Albania
0.08
Bulgaria
0.51
Romania
0.20
Former USSR
0.12
0.67
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.44
0.43
0.44
Belarus
Georgia
0.12
0.18
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
0.02
0.19
Others
Turkey
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
3.31
4.52
8.12
15.12
19.61
24.27
24.96
28.11
31.05

Total Capacity
Nuclear
1.44
2.12
3.86
6.75
9.85
11.14
11.62
12.14
11.94
Geothermal
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
1.87
2.40
4.24
8.35
9.74
13.10
13.30
15.93
19.07
7.94
of which:
Single-fired:
0.79
1.20
2.91
5.02
6.21
6.69
6.69
6.69
Liquid Fuels
1.08
1.21
1.23
1.13
0.98
0.98
1.18
1.51
1.80
Natural Gas
0.10
2.21
2.55
4.24
4.24
6.55
8.15
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
7.37
7.37
7.37
7.22
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
0.10
0.30
0.63
0.88
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
5.61
5.61
7.92
10.95
Other
..
..
..
..
..
2.23
3.82
5.47
8.82
13.49
17.29
17.55
19.13
18.46
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
Available Capacity
Turkey
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.43
0.60
1.00
1.19
1.35
3.00
3.37
3.74
4.54
AUTOPRODUCERS
Total Capacity
Nuclear
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.05
0.10
0.64
Geothermal
Solar
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Hydro

Combustible Fuels
0.42
0.59
0.99
1.18
1.34
2.96
3.32
3.64
3.90
0.30
of which:
Single-fired:
0.16
0.18
0.17
0.18
0.16
0.30
0.30
0.30
Liquid Fuels
0.20
0.21
0.50
0.62
0.38
0.61
0.82
0.89
0.94
Natural Gas
0.00
0.33
0.66
0.61
0.70
0.72
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.47

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.05
0.18
0.32
0.37
0.41
0.41
0.46
0.46
Solid / Natural Gas
0.04
0.95
1.11
1.26
1.46
Type of Generation
Steam
..
..
..
..
..
1.15
1.23
1.25
1.26
Internal Combustion
..
..
..
..
..
0.14
0.24
0.33
0.37
Gas Turbine
..
..
..
..
..
0.43
0.43
0.41
0.43
Combined Cycle
..
..
..
..
..
1.24
1.42
1.65
1.83
Other
..
..
..
..
..
0.07
0.13
0.29
0.36
0.68
2.10
2.06
1.88
3.27
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Peak Load
Available Capacity
Turkey
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
12.61
222.6
242.1
22.98
400.5
324.1
28.53
457.4
335.1
36.93
493.6
325.1
63.03
231.87
268.97
114.92
417.16
360.15
142.63
476.45
372.27
184.67
514.15
361.17

New Turkish Lira/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
..
..
0.0
..
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
..
..
0.01
0.02
..
0.01
0.1
..
0.02
0.6
0.4
9.01
128.9
105.4
New Turkish Lira/ toe

0.03
0.12
..
0.12
0.65
0.41
45.06
134.23
117.07

New Turkish Lira/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0002
-
0.0500
0.0076
0.0974
0.0155
0.1424
0.0229
0.1494
0.0240
0.1428
0.0230
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0001
-
0.0528
0.0098
0.1027
0.0196
0.1499
0.0289
0.1587
0.0306
0.1583
0.0305

United Kingdom
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
TPES (Mtoe)
220.72
201.28
212.18
232.96
228.49
231.95
233.88
-0.2
0.7
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
813.80
872.67
1132.21
1438.22
1497.34
1530.97
1578.20
2.0
2.4
0.27
0.23
0.19
0.16
0.15
0.15
0.15
-2.2
-1.7
TPES/population(2)
56.22
56.33
57.24
58.64
59.21
59.38
59.66
0.1
0.3
3.93
3.57
3.71
3.97
3.86
3.91
3.92
-0.3
0.4
100
85
69
60
56
56
55
-2.2
-1.7
100
94
85
80
78
77
..
-1.0
..
4147
4161
4796
5619
5629
5685
..
0.9
..
281.35
284.07
317.76
374.37
384.85
395.89
381.29
0.7
1.3
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)
90-04

Average annual
percent change
TPES (Mtoe)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew & Waste
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
220.72
201.28
212.18
232.96
228.49
231.95
233.88
-0.2
90-04
0.7
76.43
68.80
63.11
36.01
35.67
38.23
37.44
-1.1
-3.7
111.55
82.19
82.63
83.66
80.51
81.41
85.95
-1.8
0.3
25.11
40.31
47.19
87.37
85.83
85.87
87.30
3.8
4.5
0.63
2.00
2.33
2.74
2.74
11.1
7.30
9.65
17.13
22.17
22.89
23.11
19.20
5.2
0.8
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.09
0.12
0.13
0.18
21.9
0.33
0.33
0.45
0.44
0.41
0.28
0.43
1.8
-0.3
0.01
0.00
1.03
1.22
0.72
0.19
0.64
36.1
-3.3
Heat

United Kingdom
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
27.5
28.0
37.0
65.7
85.1
89.9
87.8
88.7
4.3
4.6
5.1
7.2
7.8
6.4
7.4
6.0
2.7
of which:
1.0
0.7
1.2
2.0
2.7
2.4
2.7
Geothermal
Solar
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.0
0.9
1.0
1.3
1.3
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
Used for Heat Pumps
224.9
249.5
243.2
246.8
283.3
287.4
291.0
302.7
163.5
174.6
207.9
206.4
122.3
133.2
125.9
140.3
58.9
72.2
33.1
34.7
8.6
7.2
7.1
7.0
2.4
2.7
2.1
5.0
148.1
142.0
152.3
148.6
0.7
4.3
5.1
5.6
6.7
256.7
282.0
285.3
319.7
377.1
384.7
387.5
398.6
18.2
19.2
19.0
19.6
16.3
17.1
17.2
18.2
238.5
262.9
266.3
300.1
360.8
367.6
370.3
380.4
1.2
0.9
1.5
2.6
3.5
3.2
3.5
3.5
Imports
0.1
0.2
0.0
12.0
14.3
10.7
9.2
5.1
Exports
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.8
3.0
237.4
262.1
264.9
309.4
371.4
374.8
375.3
379.0
19.0
19.6
21.5
25.0
31.1
32.0
31.0
30.8
9.0
9.4
9.0
10.0
10.9
9.8
11.1
10.7
209.4
233.1
234.3
274.4
329.4
333.0
333.2
337.4
255.8
281.4
284.1
317.8
374.4
382.3
384.9
395.9
256.8
282.1
285.3
331.7
391.2
395.1
395.9
400.8
218.4
242.5
243.3
284.4
340.3
342.8
344.3
348.2

United Kingdom
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
272.40
284.07
317.76
374.37
384.85
395.89
381.29
1.0
1.3
Coal
148.83
207.90
206.44
122.30
125.91
140.31
128.61
2.1
-3.3
Oil
75.41
33.14
34.68
8.58
7.11
7.02
7.02
-4.7
-10.8
Gas
10.48
2.12
5.00
148.08
152.32
148.64
158.49
-4.5
28.0
0.68
4.32
5.63
6.72
6.70
17.8
33.62
37.02
65.75
85.06
87.85
88.69
73.68
4.3
0.8

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.01
0.95
1.26
1.29
1.82
46.1
4.07
3.89
5.21
5.09
4.79
3.23
4.97
1.6
-0.3
0.73
1.23
1.98
2.69
2.65
2.73
2.44
6.4
1.5
Total
249.74
265.15
296.51
335.15
346.94
355.85
..
1.1
..
Coal
140.78
201.72
201.33
117.01
120.94
134.00
..
2.3
..
66.64
26.16
29.48
2.35
1.96
2.14
..
-5.0
..
9.42
0.54
125.96
131.66
127.55
..
..
0.44
0.60
0.91
..
..
29.40
33.46
61.31
85.06
87.85
88.69
..
4.7
..
..
..
..
Hydro
of which:
Oil
Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
..
3.50
3.27
4.39
4.33
3.93
2.57
..
1.4
..
0.73
1.23
1.98
2.69
2.65
2.73
..
6.4
..
Total
22.67
18.92
21.24
39.23
37.92
40.03
..
-0.4
..
Coal
8.05
6.18
5.11 e
5.29
4.97
6.32
..
-2.8
..
Oil
8.77
6.98
5.20 e
6.23
5.15
4.87
..
-3.2
..
Gas
1.06
1.58
5.00 e
22.12
20.65
21.09
..
10.2
..
..
Hydro
Autoproducers

Nuclear
0.68
3.89
5.02
5.81
..
4.22
3.56
4.44
..
0.3
..
..
..
0.01
0.95
1.26
1.29
..
..
0.57
0.63
0.81
0.76
0.86
0.66
..
2.3
..
..
..
Geothermal
Hydro

United Kingdom
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
5037
105295
88219
75220
70406
Coal
..
..
19641
22641
13662
12788
..
..
Oil
80-95 95-04
5037
..
..
20757
7890
5311
4971
..
..
Gas
..
..
61712
55629
54186
50718
..
..
..
..
3185
2059
2061
1929
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
of which:
Total
..
..
Coal
..
..
..
..
..
Oil
..
..
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
..
Autoproducers
Total
5037
105295
88219
75220
..
..
Coal
..
..
19641
22641
13662
..
..
..
Oil
5037
..
..
20757
7890
5311
..
..
..
Gas
..
..
61712
55629
54186
..
..
..
..
..
3185
2059
2061
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
United Kingdom
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
256.71
282.05
273.13
285.30
319.74
377.07
384.68
387.51
398.62
27.55
28.00
33.62
37.02
65.75
85.06
89.87
87.85
88.69
4.31
4.55
4.80
5.12
7.19
7.78
6.41
7.44
5.96
2.73
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
0.70
0.73
1.23
1.98
2.69
2.36
2.65
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
0.95
0.97
1.26
1.29

Combustible Fuels
224.85
249.50
234.72
243.16
246.79
283.28
287.44
290.96
302.68
163.52
174.61
148.83
207.90
206.44
122.30
133.16
125.91
140.31
58.88
72.15
75.41
33.14
34.68
8.58
7.23
7.11
7.02
2.44
2.74
10.48
2.12
5.00
148.08
141.99
152.32
148.64
0.68
4.32
5.05
5.63
6.72
of which:
Coal
Oil
Gas
(1)
238.49
262.88
254.30
266.31
300.13
360.77
367.57
370.33
380.38
Nuclear
..
..
29.23
32.29
58.66
78.33
82.99
81.09
81.91
Hydro
..
..
4.78
5.09
7.08
7.66
6.37
7.33
5.85
2.64
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
0.70
1.17
1.89
2.60
2.34
2.56
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
0.01
0.95
0.97
1.26
1.29
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
220.29
228.93
234.37
273.82
277.24
280.66
291.33

United Kingdom
(GWh)
Total
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
16814
13509
19524
37548
33888
36183
38236
2.9
4194
1982
2212
10103
5521
4582
12133
4056
8077
13989
5023
8966
15019
4860
10159
16196
2049
7477
354
96
236
490
2443
459
2592
12826
806
6931
49
49
40
520
1527
247
2657
13499
1138
7131
1759
80
52
35
42
1033
1786
9
434
23336
2531
10505
2698
457
170
565
245
2038
3764
103
260
18064
1804
8925
1271
422
143
121
121
1615
3312
109
221
18364
1720
8489
1256
219
147
283
222
1890
3568
114
456
19475
2027
8168
1249
218
140
356
331
1911
4459
114
502
0.6
-0.0
0.3
-3.1
4.6
1.2
4.8
2.1
-4.7
-5.5
985
985
1942
1942
1991
1991
1969
1969
1321
1321
618
618
683
683
846
245
80
521
2167
411
579
1177
1700
407
357
936
1861
413
1448
2421
398
2023
4.8
4.2
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
Total Transport
Pipeline
Other
Residential
Agriculture
United Kingdom
(Mtoe)
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
Total
64.90
60.43
56.81
58.02
60.51
59.68
62.34
-0.8
0.7
Coal
45.48
51.72
48.32 e
27.46
31.58
29.73
32.77
0.4
-2.9
Oil
18.47
8.15
7.17 e
2.11
1.60
0.93
0.76
-5.4
-15.8
0.94
0.55
1.11 e
27.04
25.74
27.23
26.68
1.0
27.7
1.41
1.59
1.78
2.12
19.4
Combustible Fuels
Gas
0.21

Total
..
56.57
53.07
46.87
50.57
49.45
52.14
..
-0.1
Coal
..
50.12
46.84
24.98
29.29
27.38
30.41
..
-3.3
Oil
..
6.32
6.23
0.40
0.34
0.11
0.10
..
-27.4
Gas
..
0.12
21.34
20.81
21.76
21.34
..
..
0.16
0.14
0.19
0.29
..

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
7.30
9.65
17.13
22.17
23.42
22.89
23.11
5.2
2.3
2.3
Thermal
Total
7.30
9.65
17.13
22.17
23.42
22.89
23.11
5.2
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.33
0.33
0.45
0.52
0.43
0.52
0.39
1.8
-1.1
0.33
0.33
0.45
0.44
0.35
0.41
0.28
1.8
-3.6
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.00
0.08
0.08
0.11
0.11
46.5
Nuclear
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
United Kingdom
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
91978
83330 e
45989
50599
47364
52426
-2.4
2094150
1961834 e
1135944
1255571
1173037
1298393
-2.1
207530
202884 e
119298
130482
123359
137328
-1.8
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

Fuel Input (TJ)
9457
20962 e
35004
22592
22600
36000
6.0
366
1324 e
1922
1287
1286
1743
7.0

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
8486
7108 e
810 e
822 e
686 e
774
-9.9
343100
302815 e
32981 e
31876 e
28003 e
31483 e
-9.9
33139
30176 e
2664
2510
2453
2705
-10.3
25628
31446 e
1032197
997693
1042923
1025935
17.4
2122
2198 e
128953
125968
134202
130401
19.6

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
6742
9833
14752
20602
436
776
1127
1549
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
3244
15927
17692
19144
19951
223
1279
1338
1369
1438
Fuel Input (TJ)
1718
27038
30983
33104
40489
139
2188
2507
2679
3276
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
2472335

243157
2322019 e
2285833 e
2366240 e
2333563 e
2472853 e
0.0
236944
256740
264868
266475
278440
0.6

United Kingdom
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
208
5147
652
-
329
8156
984
-
318
7878
937
-
302
7479
914
-
2755 e
450 e
-
2640
430
-
2535
405
-
2267
327
-
2292
327
-
5037
862 e
36818 e
4500 e
-
1001
41741
5911
-
839
34983
4724
-
880
36719
4656
-
856
35714
4312
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
20364 e
2800 e
-
136230
19124
-
117619
16022
-
145203
18114
-
143572
18236
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
358
54
-
458
70
-
559
83
-
955
112
-
4485
363
-
4542
368
-
4239
343
-
168236
22568
-
197168
24485
-
194251
24244
-
1980
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (TJ)

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
1990
684 e
15257 e
1780 e
-

Fuel Input (TJ)
3904
4537
316
367
Fuel Input (TJ)
79098 e 190653
9846
26538
5037
United Kingdom
IN HEAT PLANTS
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
1980
1990
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
714
759
988
608
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
18537
19097
25755
15131
..
..
..
12438
14173
20105
12623
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
9984
8748
7107
5047
..
..
..
7203
5986
2536
1039
..
Fuel Input (1000 t)
..
..
710
671
250
157
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
28770
27074
10107
6367
..
..
..
20757
20093
7890
5311
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
89608
82505
79178
72173
..
..
..
61712
55108
55629
54186
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
4415
2973
2638
2470
..
..
..
3185
2206
2059
2061
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
151314
140397
124785
101188
..

..
..
105295
97566
88219
75220
..
Peat
Industrial Waste
Municipal Waste

Fuel Input (TJ)
(1)

Fuel Input (TJ)
United Kingdom
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
147.13
135.21
145.37
160.99
161.73
158.18
160.62
-0.1
0.8
26.46
14.07
10.77
3.22
4.42
3.36
2.36
-5.1
-11.0
76.98
63.54
68.80
73.91
72.64
72.99
74.92
-0.7
0.7
23.64
37.31
41.77
52.42
53.11
50.51
51.88
3.4
1.7
0.42
0.59
0.59
0.55
0.62
3.1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
5.2
20.04
20.15
23.60
28.33
28.64
28.65
29.02
1.0
1.6
0.12
2.51
2.33
2.10
1.79
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
60.45
43.13
38.91
40.21
39.99
38.07
40.20
-2.6
0.3
13.34
5.95
6.38
1.62
2.65
1.91
1.50
-4.2
-10.5
29.13
16.04
11.82
12.21
11.53
11.38
13.40
-5.2
1.0
10.13
13.51
11.96
15.26
14.99
13.62
14.14
1.0
1.3
0.10
0.21
0.21
0.15
0.22
6.6
7.85
7.51
8.66
9.81
9.61
9.66
9.80
0.6
1.0
0.12
1.10
1.00
1.34
1.14
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
30.97
33.95
46.47
53.31
52.31
52.85
53.47
2.4
1.1
0.05
0.04
0.00
-18.3
30.69
33.65
46.02
52.57
51.55
52.12
52.74
2.4
1.1
0.22
0.26
0.45
0.74
0.76
0.73
0.73
4.2
3.8
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
2.11
1.44
1.29
1.17
1.27
1.15
0.85
-2.9
-3.2
0.08
0.02
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-8.3
-12.9
1.69
1.07
0.79
0.60
0.63
0.53
0.31
-4.4
-6.9
0.08
0.12
0.18
0.18
0.12
3.2
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07 e
0.07
0.34
0.34
0.33
0.37
0.38
0.36
0.35
-0.2
0.4
0.01
United Kingdom
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
13.39
1.97
5.93
1.72
3.78
-
12.80
1.31
4.70
2.16
4.64
-
12.90
0.90
3.14
2.73
0.04
6.09
-
16.95
0.04
1.43
6.25
0.08
7.78
1.37
17.44
0.03
1.64
6.43
0.08
7.97
1.29
16.08
0.01
1.11
6.10
0.08 e
8.05
0.73
15.96
0.01
0.83
6.19
0.09
8.19
0.65
-0.2
-4.5
-3.7
2.8
2.9
-
1.6
-28.9
-9.7
6.5
6.9
2.3
-
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
33.73
11.02
3.95
10.92
7.85
-
35.97
6.75
2.68
19.13
7.41
-
37.31
3.48
2.36
23.24
0.17
8.07
-
43.10
1.54
3.07
28.62
0.20
9.62
0.04
44.59
1.73
3.37
29.33
0.20
9.92
0.03
43.95
1.44
3.31
29.12
0.20 e
9.85
0.03
44.13
0.84
3.26
29.86
0.20
9.96
0.01
0.6
-6.6
-3.0
4.5
0.2
-
1.3
-10.3
2.5
1.9
1.2
1.6
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
1.94
1.06
0.88
-
4.48
1.96
2.51
-
4.56
0.75
3.77
0.03
0.00
0.01
-
2.37
0.00
0.15
2.18
0.03
0.00
0.01
-
2.34
0.01
0.12
2.17
0.03
0.00
0.01
-
1.64
0.00
0.10
1.49
0.03
0.00
0.02
-
1.71
0.00
0.09
1.57
0.03
0.00
0.02
-
5.2
-2.0
8.9
-
-7.3
-15.3
-6.5
-1.0
5.2
-
Heat

United Kingdom
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
147.13
135.21
137.47
145.37
152.22
160.99
161.73
158.18
160.62
Total Industry
60.45
43.13
39.84
38.91
39.40
40.21
39.99
38.07
40.20
Iron and Steel
9.56
4.81
5.83
4.65
4.26
3.48
3.76
3.21
3.06
16.13
12.11
12.45
12.03
13.65
14.47
13.15
13.04
14.11
TFC

Non-ferrous Metals
2.04
1.47
1.30
1.17
1.24
1.14
1.32
1.14
1.09
5.95
4.21
3.45
3.52
2.68
2.13
2.28
2.14
2.12
Transport Equipment
2.29
1.47
1.66
1.05
1.03
1.03
1.11
1.09
1.03
Machinery
5.24
5.03
3.39
3.78
2.97
3.18
2.95
3.01
3.07
0.84
0.64
0.53
0.29
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.41
0.18
Food and Tobacco
4.65
4.06
3.33
3.59
3.67
3.39
3.48
3.56
3.54
3.48
2.24
1.70
2.06
2.36
2.28
2.36
2.28
2.42
0.20
0.17
0.12
0.13
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.02
Construction
1.36
1.00
0.88
0.91
0.88
0.81
0.85
0.81
0.67
Textile and Leather
2.79
2.07
1.18
1.08
1.02
1.07
1.10
1.06
1.10
Non Specified/Other
5.93
3.85
4.01
4.67
5.31
6.89
7.21
6.29
7.80
82.14
88.63
94.15
102.54
108.15
116.90
117.95
115.68
116.12
2.11
1.44
1.37
1.29
1.28
1.17
1.27
1.15
0.85
13.39
12.80
13.79
12.90
16.34
16.95
17.44
16.08
15.96
Agriculture
Residential
33.73
35.97
38.07
37.31
39.33
43.10
44.59
43.95
44.13
Transport
30.97
33.95
36.77
46.47
48.01
53.31
52.31
52.85
53.47
1.94
4.48
4.15
4.56
3.19
2.37
2.34
1.64
1.71
4.54
3.44
3.48
3.92
4.67
3.88
3.80
4.43
4.30

Non-Energy Use(1)
20.04
20.15
20.69
23.60
25.35
28.33
28.64
28.65
29.02
Total Industry
7.85
7.51
7.14
8.66
8.66
9.81
9.61
9.66
9.80
Iron and Steel
1.12
0.87
0.77
0.78
0.84
0.79
0.72
0.56
0.56
1.77
1.64
1.53
1.56
1.64
2.00
1.79
1.94
1.87
Non-ferrous Metals
0.58
0.73
0.54
0.58
0.49
0.52
0.62
0.54
0.57
0.45
0.45
0.41
0.65
0.61
0.68
0.62
0.60
0.65
Transport Equipment
0.55
0.53
0.49
Machinery
1.01
0.99
1.09
1.80
1.69
1.82
1.66
1.71
1.74
0.16
0.17
0.17
Food and Tobacco
0.56
0.61
0.73
0.94
0.89
0.97
0.96
1.03
1.02
1.08
0.50
0.49
0.48
0.69
0.82
0.96
0.96
1.02
0.08
0.08
Construction
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.11
0.15
0.14
0.13
0.14
0.14
Textile and Leather
0.53
0.42
0.29
0.26
0.29
0.30
0.28
0.29
0.29
Non Specified/Other
0.50
0.45
0.54
1.29
1.23
1.64
1.87
1.82
1.88
12.20
12.65
13.55
14.95
16.69
18.52
19.03
18.99
19.22
Agriculture
0.34
0.34
0.35
0.33
0.33
0.37
0.38
0.36
0.35
3.78
4.64
5.36
6.09
6.87
7.78
7.97
8.05
8.19
Residential
7.85
7.41
7.59
8.07
8.79
9.62
9.92
9.85
9.96
Transport
0.22
0.26
0.25
0.45
0.70
0.74
0.76
0.73
0.73

United Kingdom
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
Transport
Agriculture
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
242.47
243.33
284.42
340.30
342.78
344.26
348.17
0.9
1.6
91.27
87.29
100.64
114.11
111.71
112.37
113.93
0.6
1.0
2.61
3.04
5.28
8.62
8.83
8.48
8.53
4.2
3.8
3.95
4.00
3.84
4.36
4.46
4.15
4.03
-0.2
0.4
43.94
53.90
70.87
90.48
92.66
93.63
95.20
2.9
2.3
Residential
Energy(1)
91.30
86.11
93.79
111.84
115.34
114.53
115.76
0.2
1.6
9.40
9.00
9.98
10.88
9.78
11.10
10.73
0.4
0.6
20.85
20.93
24.46
29.27
29.48
29.61
29.94
0.9
1.6


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
91.27
87.29
100.64
114.11
111.71
112.37
113.93
0.6
1.0
Iron and Steel
13.01
10.06
9.07
9.23
8.43
6.53
6.55
-2.1
-2.5
20.53
19.12
18.19
23.24
20.83
22.61
21.75
-0.7
1.4
6.78
8.45
6.71
6.00
7.17
6.30
6.57
-0.1
-0.2
0.0
Non-Ferrous Metals
90-03
5.19
5.25
7.51
7.86
7.19
7.00
7.54
2.2
Transport Equipment
6.40
6.21
11.70
11.47
20.90
21.18
19.27
19.93
20.28
3.5
-0.2
Machinery
1.81
1.98
Food and Tobacco
6.46
7.10
10.94
11.33
11.12
11.98
11.82
3.1
0.6
3.5
5.77
5.73
7.98
11.14
11.22
11.83
12.52
1.9
0.90
0.92
Construction
0.75
0.85
1.28
1.59
1.56
1.61
1.63
3.2
1.9
6.20
4.89
3.03
3.47
3.21
3.42
3.42
-4.1
0.9
Non Specified/Other
5.77
5.25
15.03
19.08
21.73
21.16
21.85
5.8
2.9

7.85
7.51
8.66
9.81
9.61
9.66
9.80
0.6
1.0
United Kingdom
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.18
0.02
11.99
16.34
14.31
10.66
9.18
5.12
0.18
0.02
11.99
16.34
14.31
10.66
9.18
5.12
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.18
0.02
11.99
16.31
14.31
10.66
9.18
5.12
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
0.03
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
United Kingdom
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
0.11
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
0.11
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
France
0.11
0.02
0.05
0.02
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
0.13
0.26
0.77
2.96
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
United Kingdom
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
69.14
68.31
63.82
69.02
65.71
72.03
73.22
70.75
71.75
Nuclear
3.75
5.77
6.40
10.73
12.37
12.49
12.49
12.49
12.10
Hydro
2.30
2.34
4.08
3.80
4.10
4.12
4.14
4.23
4.09
2.79
2.79
2.79
2.79
2.79
2.79
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
63.09
60.20
53.34
54.50
49.24
55.43
56.60
54.04
55.56
22.52

Total Capacity
Combustible Fuels
of which:
Single-fired:
45.12
40.14
36.67
34.30
27.49
24.84
24.84
22.43
Liquid Fuels
14.50
15.79
14.38
15.03
7.10
4.26
4.26
4.14
4.42
Natural Gas
9.03
19.35
20.52
21.80
23.59
0.07
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
1.92
2.66
1.92
4.81
5.53
6.87
6.87
5.55
4.91
1.57
1.61
0.37
0.37
30.37
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
Solid / Natural Gas
Type of Generation
Steam
49.83
51.37
38.31
34.64
34.64
30.69
Internal Combustion
0.18
Gas Turbine
3.33
3.13
1.89
1.32
1.32
1.43
1.49
Combined Cycle
9.03
19.35
20.52
21.80
23.59
Other
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
Peak Load
..
..
52.97
54.07
55.61
58.45
58.59
61.72
60.50
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
United Kingdom
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
5.08
5.33
3.61
4.18
4.41
6.36
6.51
6.60
7.23
Nuclear
0.54
0.69
0.67
0.62
0.39
Hydro
0.11
0.11
0.11
0.10
0.12
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.17
Geothermal
Solar
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
Tide, Wave, Ocean
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Wind
0.01
0.20
0.41
0.43
0.53
0.74
AUTOPRODUCERS

Combustible Fuels
4.43
4.53
2.83
3.45
3.71
5.79
5.92
5.90
6.31
1.09
of which:
Single-fired:
0.67
1.10
1.09
1.07
1.10
1.07
Liquid Fuels
4.43
4.53
0.51
0.90
0.89
0.93
0.96
0.94
0.95
Natural Gas
0.15
1.79
1.78
1.85
1.95
0.05
0.12
0.25
0.67
0.71
0.70
0.96
0.27
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
0.37
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.28
0.27
Solid / Natural Gas
0.34
0.33
0.34
1.23
0.73
0.73
0.73
0.76
0.74
0.75
Type of Generation
Steam
2.46
2.50
2.48
2.45
2.58
2.17
2.55
Internal Combustion
0.13
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.17
Gas Turbine
0.24
0.67
0.66
0.70
0.69
1.00
0.68
Combined Cycle
0.15
1.79
1.78
1.85
1.95
Other
0.12
0.25
0.67
0.71
0.70
0.96
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
United Kingdom
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
29.35
119.80
68.73
32.24
114.00
77.11
29.66
125.30
70.83
28.11
155.01
79.32
33.70
141.99
88.50
57.03
118.75
85.68
52.47
130.52
78.70
49.73
161.47
88.13
59.61
147.91
98.33

Pounds Sterling/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
21.97
49.72
35.47
31.84
85.73
51.54
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
38.86
51.79
39.41
56.32
89.30
57.27
45.76
166.55
118.53
43.77
53.16
c
Pounds Sterling/ toe

80.95
173.49
131.70
77.43
55.38
c
51.92
124.79
76.37

Pounds Sterling/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0198
-
0.0270
-
0.0358
-
0.0398
-
0.0366
-
0.0353
0.0019
0.0346
0.0024
0.0335
0.0023
0.0366
0.0025
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0272
-
0.0375
-
0.0537
-
0.0667
-
0.0705
0.0034
0.0699
0.0033
0.0702
0.0033
0.0709
0.0034
0.0752
0.0036

United States
Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
TPES (Mtoe)
1736.45
1811.65
1927.63
2304.17
2289.04
2280.79
2324.48
0.6
1.3
GDP (2000 bil. US$)

TPES/GDP(1)
4304.80
5128.00
7055.00
9764.80
10023.50
10330.00
10782.50
2.9
3.1
0.40
0.35
0.27
0.24
0.23
0.22
0.22
-2.3
-1.7
TPES/population(2)
211.94
227.73
250.18
282.43
288.24
291.09
293.73
1.0
1.2
8.19
7.96
7.70
8.16
7.94
7.84
7.91
-0.4
0.2
100
88
68
58
57
55
53
-2.3
-1.7
100
102
96
93
89
87
..
-0.2
..
7870
8898
10530
12395
12017
11941
..
1.7
..
1965.51
2427.32
3202.81
4025.71
4026.14
4054.35
4125.23
2.9
1.8
TPES/GDP (1973 = 100)

(1973 = 100)
(5)

Average annual
percent change
1973
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
73-90
90-04
1736.45
1811.65
1927.63
2304.17
2289.04
2280.79
2324.48
0.6
1.3
Coal
311.05
376.23
458.30
543.58
542.16
531.17
545.14
2.3
1.2
Oil
823.99
803.90
770.25
891.00
900.58
921.41
946.68
-0.4
1.5
Gas
514.51
476.78
439.35
548.66
535.66
519.17
515.59
-0.9
1.1
Comb. Renew & Waste
37.50
54.49
62.26
73.20
65.40
68.23
68.74
3.0
0.7
Nuclear
23.24
69.37
159.38
207.89
209.66
205.31
211.97
12.0
2.1
2.11
4.60
14.10
13.09
8.27
8.59
9.44
11.8
-2.8
0.32
2.06
2.37
2.40
2.53
15.9
22.82
23.98
23.49
21.78
22.96
23.96
23.43
0.2
-0.0
1.23
2.30
0.17
2.92
1.96
0.55
0.97
-11.0
13.3
TPES (Mtoe)
Geothermal
Hydro
Heat

United States
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
40.6
89.2
266.2
611.6
797.7
792.6
804.5
787.8
263.5
265.4
278.8
289.0
280.0
214.7
291.8
305.7
of which:
15.8
26.8
26.5
24.7
27.1
0.6
2.5
5.4
16.0
14.6
14.2
14.9
14.9
Solar
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
3.1
5.7
6.8
10.5
11.3
1398.7
1608.5
1877.0
2298.3
2954.0
2836.1
2928.6
2961.2
762.9
907.4
1242.9
1699.6
2129.5
1982.1
2038.6
2082.8
235.4
336.0
263.2
130.6
118.5
129.6
107.2
137.6
400.2
364.9
370.5
381.7
634.3
659.9
712.4
670.2
Geothermal
Combustible Fuels
Coal
Oil
Gas
Gross Production
Net Production(1)
0.3
0.3
0.5
86.4
71.7
64.5
70.4
70.7
1703.4
1965.5
2427.3
3218.6
4052.5
3865.1
4050.9
4081.5
72.8
100.8
141.2
188.8
235.9
128.4
192.4
198.3
1630.6
1864.7
2286.1
3029.8
3816.6
3736.6
3858.5
3883.2
Used for Heat Pumps
22.6
31.7
35.0
33.4
35.5
Imports
7.0
16.8
30.2
22.5
48.6
38.5
36.4
30.4
Exports
3.5
2.6
3.5
20.5
14.7
16.5
13.6
24.0
1634.1
1878.9
2312.8
3009.2
3818.7
3723.6
3847.9
3854.1
145.9
163.1
213.1
296.7
169.5
288.6
284.6
229.1 e
48.4
48.6
74.2
79.0
90.3
98.3
96.7
94.8
1439.9
1667.3
2025.5
2633.6
3499.3
3455.8
3462.6
3474.8
1703.4
1965.5
2427.3
3202.8
4025.7
3838.6
4026.1
4054.4
1706.9
1979.8
2454.0
3220.6
4086.4
3887.1
4073.7
4087.9
1488.3
1715.9
2099.8
2712.6
3589.6 e
3554.2
3559.3
3569.6

United States
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
74-90 90-04
1974
1980
1990
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total(1)
1957.34
2427.32
3202.81
4025.71
4026.14
4054.35
4125.23
3.1
1.8
Coal
864.68
1242.87
1699.65
2129.50
2038.59
2082.78
2084.59
4.3
1.5
Oil
322.00
263.21
130.65
118.48
107.22
137.56
134.75
-5.5
0.2
Gas
342.47
370.46
381.67
634.29
712.43
670.19
721.61
0.7
4.7
-1.6

Nuclear
Geothermal
0.26
0.46
86.36
71.71
70.38
70.67
68.79
43.6
121.25
266.18
611.59
797.72
804.52
787.82
813.37
10.6
2.1
2.60
5.35
16.01
14.62
14.94
14.87
14.80
12.0
-0.6
3.73
6.18
11.03
11.85
14.89
10.4
304.07
278.78
273.15
253.20
267.03
278.61
272.42
-0.7
-0.0
15.81
26.78
24.72
27.12
26.65
3.8
Total
1957.34
2427.32
2972.16
3835.33
3860.82
3886.77
..
2.6
..
Coal
864.68
1242.87
1674.68 e 2074.51 e 2012.61
2058.37
..
4.2
..
Oil
322.00
263.21
125.21
112.09
94.85
120.71
..
-5.7
..
Gas
342.47
370.46
282.58
547.96
626.85
585.28
..
-1.2
..
Hydro
of which:
0.26
0.46
2.21
33.34
32.87
33.61
..
14.2
..
121.25
266.18
611.47
797.72
804.52
787.82
..
10.6
..
2.60
5.35
9.10
14.62
14.94
14.87
..
8.1
..
0.00
6.18
11.03
11.85
..
..
304.07
278.78
266.92
248.93
263.16
274.27
..
-0.8
..
15.81
26.78
24.72
27.12
..
..
Total
230.65
190.37
165.32
167.58
..
..
Coal
24.97 e
54.99 e
25.98
24.41
..
..
Oil
5.44
6.39
12.36
16.86
..
..
Gas
99.09
86.33
85.59
84.92
..
..
Nuclear
Geothermal
Hydro
Autoproducers
84.15 e
38.38
37.51
37.06
..
..
Nuclear
0.12
..
..
Geothermal
6.92
..
..
3.73
..
..
Hydro
6.24
4.28
3.88
4.34
..
..
..
..

United States
(TJ)
Average annual
percent change
1980
1990
1995
2000
2002
2003
2004e
Total
101308
409751
323778
351878
346569
343457
80-95 95-04
-
Coal
..
20000
116077
81572
56457
53772
56919
..
-7.6
Oil
..
43647
6747
8861
17740
16477
..
-10.3
Gas
..
221488
208341
268303
250707
245869
..
1.2
..
28539
27118
18257
24350
24192
..
-1.8
-1.9
..
81308
..
Nuclear
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
Solar
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
Total
87663
142322
323778
..
Coal
..
Oil
..
25360
Gas
..
71074
..
27118
18257
..
81308
of which:
6355 e
45888 e
351878
346569
..
81572 e
56457
53772
..
..
6747 e
8861
17740
..
..
..
208341 e 268303
250707
..
..
..
24350
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
..
..
..
Total
13645
267429
..
..
Coal
..
13645 e
..
..
Autoproducers
70189 e
Oil
..
18287
..
..
..
Gas
..
150414
..
..
..
..
28539
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Nuclear
..
..
..
..
Geothermal
..
..
..
..
Solar
..
..
..
..
Heat Pumps
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Electric Boilers
..
United States
(TWh)
Nuclear
Hydro
1971
1973
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
1703.38
1965.51
1957.34
2427.32
3218.62
4052.49
3865.09
4050.86
4081.47
40.55
89.17
121.25
266.18
611.59
797.72
792.60
804.52
787.82
263.49
265.38
304.07
278.78
288.96
279.99
214.73
291.76
305.72
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
15.81
26.78
26.48
24.72
27.12
0.59
2.45
2.60
5.35
16.01
14.62
14.25
14.94
14.87
Solar
0.67
0.53
0.57
0.57
0.55
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
3.07
5.65
6.81
10.46
11.30
Geothermal

Combustible Fuels
1398.75
1608.51
1529.41
1877.00
2298.33
2953.98
2836.14
2928.62
2961.21
of which:
Coal
762.91
907.36
864.68
1242.87
1699.65
2129.50
1982.12
2038.59
2082.78
Oil
235.40
335.98
322.00
263.21
130.65
118.48
129.56
107.22
137.56
Gas
400.18
364.87
342.47
370.46
381.67
634.29
659.91
712.43
670.19
0.26
0.30
0.26
0.46
86.36
71.71
64.55
70.38
70.67

(1)
1630.58
1864.67
1867.14
2286.11
3029.84
3816.55
3736.64
3858.45
3883.19
Nuclear
..
..
113.98
251.12
576.97
753.89
768.83
780.06
763.73
Hydro
..
..
301.03
276.02
286.10
274.99
208.14
255.59
267.27
of which:
Pumped Storage
..
..
15.65
26.52
26.21
24.48
26.85
Geothermal
..
..
2.45
5.07
15.11
14.09
13.74
14.49
14.42
Solar
..
..
0.66
0.49
0.54
0.56
0.53
Tide, Wave, Ocean
..
..
Wind
..
..
3.04
5.59
6.74
10.35
11.19
..
..
Combustible Fuels
..
..
1449.68
1753.90
2147.97
2767.49
2738.66
2797.40
2826.04

United States
(GWh)
1974
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1974-2003
Total
..
..
216177
184908
156590
159994
162028
..
Total Energy
Coal Mines
Patent Fuel Plants
Coke Ovens
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
-
4203 e 21453
4203 e 21453
26003
6156
16172
3675
21522
5489
15926
107
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
183700
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
183700
64725 e 122464
4990
58927
1816
338
513
932
719
5754
46208
1758
473
64725 e
36
126612
56285
542
469
108
472
6568
49168
1445
457
11098
132785
63108
547
507
81
423
6585
47997
1549
463
11525
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Total Transport
Pipeline
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
259
259
391
391
398
398
..
..
..
Other
Residential
Agriculture
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
32477
..
..
..
32477
115980 e 12414
115980 e 12414
6988
6700
26
262
-
7323
7073
26
224
-
..
..
..
..
..
Gas Works
BKB
Oil Refineries
Total Industry
Iron and Steel
Non-ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
Machinery
Food and Tobacco
Pulp and Printing
Construction
Textile and Leather
United States
(Mtoe)
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
Combustible Fuels
Total
382.07
438.28
548.05
689.56
678.10
688.03
686.01
2.1
1.7
Coal
216.91
292.05
391.39 e
501.84 e
487.94 e
489.38
494.40
3.5
1.8
Oil
81.70
60.56
27.26
29.53
29.11
-6.3
1.3
Gas
83.39
85.57
89.74 e
136.88 e
139.65
147.77
135.72
0.4
3.2
0.07
0.11
39.66 e
21.31
21.40
25.73
23.70
45.1
-3.9
Total
..
438.28
480.12
640.17
633.55
645.96
644.24
..
2.3
Coal
..
292.05
386.97
490.06 e
480.16 e
482.06
487.48
..
1.8
Oil
..
60.56
27.26
18.43
18.92
20.12
24.64
..
-0.8
Gas
..
85.57
65.32
121.14 e
123.68
131.27
119.25
..
4.7
10.54
10.78
12.51
12.87
..
27.02
25.15 e
32.19 e
..
0.11
0.57 e

(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
25.34
73.97
173.21
220.59
219.02
217.48
213.09
12.0
23.24
69.37
159.38
207.89
206.56
209.66
205.31
12.0
2.0
2.11
4.60
13.77
12.57
12.32
7.67
7.64
11.7
-4.4
0.06
0.14 e
0.14 e
7.0
22.82
23.98
23.75
22.26
16.77
23.86
24.93
0.2
0.4
22.82
23.98
23.49
21.78
16.19
22.96
23.96
0.2
0.2
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.26
0.49
0.59
0.90
0.97
10.6
Thermal
Total
Nuclear
Geothermal
Solar
0.13 e
0.14 e
1.6
Non-Thermal
Total
Hydro
United States
1980
1990
2000
625552 e
805132 e
2001
2002
Average annual
percent change
2003
1980-2003

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
478660
12220721
1193156
794538
803655
822173
2.4
15200225 e 19121463 e 19322026
18512467
18784738
1.9
1889668
1924876
2.1
1565896 e
1949674 e
1834176
37777
70943
68764
66210
69642
72758
2.9
538552
1061570
980785
998608
975488
1035618
2.9
49715
96038
94082
86750
94507
98004
3.0
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
10047
3255
17861 e
877
179
532
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Peat

62789
28779
25535
28988
22794
29955
-3.2
2778658
1324986
1072721
1219418
898327
1175032
-3.7
263213
125208
104552
117317
87347
113878
-3.6
4020304
3039619
4404832
4510591
4603658
4114770
0.1
370463
282576
426188
442555
472799
436460
0.7
Fuel Input (1000 t)

Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
Fuel Input (TJ)
185176 e
113950
101171
132479
135092
9731 e
10512
7197
8263
8185
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
10421
8934
11111
33979
923
680
2322
3460
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
162000 e
217946
226242
258253
232182
9693 e
14525
14350
14336
14037

Fuel Input (TJ)
50532
58955
56879
65789
3905
4258
4184
5271
20973576 e 25982697 e 26449200
25448662
25595061 e
1.2
2573426
2604703
1.4

Fuel Input (TJ)
19558235

1877004
2089142 e
2605238 e

2507462
United States
2001
2002
2003
Average annual
percent change
1980-2003
e
e
e
e
24228
611322
51721
67948
24559
605984
51274
52798
26910
641862
56989
50451
..
..
..
..
1246 e
18583 e
3134 e
-
64
957
62
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1980
1990

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
2000
..
..
..
..
11445
302045
35063
19742
e
e
e
e
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
1096
16154
2651
258
e
e
e
e
Peat
Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
83858 e
6323
-
105347
9232
6172

Fuel Input (1000 t)
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
..
5441
-
3926
141818
13930
6747 e
3811
138866
12240
7648
6975
219720
19868
8861
8001
233490
23682
17740
..
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
1136099
99093
-
1964502
208102
208341 e
1987794
217359
205766
2272714
239634
268303
2200941
233731
250707
..
..
..

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
388431
32074
9489
392793
29624
8268
487515
31947
8669
417400
31526
17932
..
..
..
Industrial Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
58985
6247
187
54037
5428
782
67732
5784
1841
52472
5000
1328
..
..
..
Municipal Waste
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
..
..
39483
2202
15251
38837
1854
6213
47082
2169
7316
43421
2147
4785
..
..
..
16288
1378
431
11967
1047
305
..
..
..
3778227 e
355194
351878
3648255 e
356503
346569
..
..
..
693138 e
45524 e
11829 e
920 e
-
30402
788540
75408
81572

Fuel Input (TJ)
..
12790
15118
..
1325
1156
..
2191
796
Fuel Input (TJ)
..
2159265 e 3496990 e 3345071
..
209186 e 348745 e
328676
..
101308
323778 e
303593
61192 e
3140
3659
46702 e
2381
3321
..
..
..
United States
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
TFC(1)
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
of which:
1322.89
1319.84
1306.78
1566.54
1538.61
1550.89
1571.09
-0.1
1.4
73.75
56.16
54.39
31.34
31.85
30.43
31.66
-1.8
-4.1
701.02
697.69
697.84
816.49
825.38
833.25
848.15
-0.0
1.5
367.31
337.41
302.99
359.89
335.05
344.23
344.56
-1.1
1.0
37.43
54.38
22.59
50.64
42.24
37.52
39.98
-2.9
4.5
0.34
0.52
0.57
0.60
0.95
8.4
1.44
1.36
1.33
1.29
143.39
174.19
226.49
300.94
297.20
297.78
298.83
2.7
2.2
2.15
5.28
4.96
5.75
5.66
7.7
Total Industry
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
438.06
433.27
341.40
426.80
393.86
396.77
390.97
-1.5
1.0
60.15
48.25
44.84
29.08
29.41
27.95
29.33
-1.7
-3.2
116.49
135.39
89.21
104.07
101.19
102.64
100.95
-1.6
1.0
177.30
151.53
123.77
155.30
138.78
141.68
135.20
-2.1
0.7
28.57
33.94
9.05
35.85
30.08
26.71
28.70
-6.5
9.3
0.11
0.12
0.12
0.12
55.54
64.17
74.52
98.22
90.33
93.09
92.17
1.7
1.6
4.17
3.94
4.57
4.50
Transport
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
420.43
432.98
502.05
610.07
609.24
622.60
634.40
1.0
1.8
403.22
417.96
486.29
592.84
592.23
604.50
616.91
1.1
1.8
16.84
14.75
15.41
15.18
14.91
15.88
15.97
-0.5
0.3
1.67
1.70
1.85
1.14
Agriculture
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
0.37
0.27
0.35
0.38
0.39
0.37
0.38
-0.2
0.5
16.43
13.77
14.59
14.28
15.69
15.51
13.58
-0.7
-0.5
0.26
0.36
15.18
13.77
14.59
14.28
15.69
15.06
13.07
-0.2
-0.8
0.20
0.15
1.24
United States
(Mtoe)
Average annual
percent change
73-90
90-03
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
Comm & Public Serv.

Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
148.99
3.41
49.08
60.08
36.42
-
142.77
1.82
32.21
60.68
48.06
-
159.44
2.39
21.50
61.25
72.14
2.15 e
193.26
0.91 e
16.84
73.17
1.24
0.19
99.79
1.11 e
193.50
1.17 e
17.27
69.82
0.96
0.21
103.06
1.02 e
188.19
2.23
15.43
72.60
1.26
0.22
95.26
1.18 e
192.93
1.97
17.36
74.45
1.40
0.38
96.21
1.16 e
0.4
-2.1
-4.7
0.1
4.1
-
1.5
-1.5
-1.6
1.5
2.2
-4.6
Residential
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
Heat
238.37
2.94
72.53
113.09
49.82
-
216.11
1.57
42.39
110.45
61.70
-
210.20
1.47
26.71
102.56
79.47
-
264.42
1.36 e
32.25
116.23
10.37
0.22
1.44
102.55
-
258.64
1.26 e
31.95
111.54
8.86
0.24
1.36
103.43
-
262.44
30.23
114.06
7.49
0.26
1.33
109.06
-
270.77
31.43
118.94
8.59
0.45
1.29
110.07
-
-0.7
-4.0
-5.7
-0.6
2.8
-
2.0
1.3
1.1
2.5
-
Other
Coal
Oil
Gas
Comb. Renew/Wastes
Geothermal
Electricity
16.09
7.24
8.85
-
24.97
4.53
20.44
-
19.57
5.69
13.54
0.34
-
1.50
1.50
-
0.64
0.64
-
1.2
-1.4
2.5
-
Heat

United States
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
1322.89
1319.84
1278.11
1306.78
1394.00
1566.54
1538.61
1550.89
1571.09
Total Industry
438.06
433.27
378.13
341.40
352.24
426.80
393.86
396.77
390.97
Iron and Steel
43.95
30.77
19.21
18.14
24.99
27.67
24.49
21.69
21.43
64.20
65.96
55.72
123.58
155.91
187.87
172.77
175.07
169.81
TFC
Non-ferrous Metals
9.43
12.09
8.39
6.26
16.50
19.50
16.97
16.72
16.04
5.99
10.50
11.33
10.59
21.94
24.38
23.47
23.03
22.59
Transport Equipment
4.56
4.68
4.15
4.23
8.38
13.26
12.08
12.01
11.44
Machinery
4.81
6.59
10.12
11.45
21.35
24.84
23.65
23.20
22.22
2.15
1.86
2.42
2.89
3.08
3.18
2.73
2.64
2.58
26.90
Food and Tobacco

7.20
7.84
7.28
9.24
22.99
27.45
27.50
27.39
19.35
18.79
15.32
18.01
38.73
57.11
51.49
50.44
52.11
1.93
2.06
2.33
2.61
13.07
13.28
12.80
11.55
11.35
Construction
0.08
0.99
0.83
0.56
1.49
1.56
1.66
3.89
4.92
3.96
3.76
8.71
8.67
8.24
7.33
7.67
Non Specified/Other
270.60
267.23
237.83
129.65
15.77
19.03
16.19
24.13
25.17
840.31
830.60
849.05
905.84
982.54
1083.53
1077.72
1088.74
1111.68
16.43
13.77
17.27
14.59
15.39
14.28
15.69
15.51
13.58
148.99
142.77
147.30
159.44
173.49
193.26
193.50
188.19
192.93
Textile and Leather
Agriculture
Residential
238.37
216.11
206.91
210.20
248.04
264.42
258.64
262.44
270.77
Transport
420.43
432.98
449.95
502.05
545.21
610.07
609.24
622.60
634.40

Non-Energy Use(1)
16.09
24.97
27.62
19.57
0.41
1.50
0.64
44.52
55.96
50.93
59.54
59.22
56.21
67.04
65.38
68.45
143.39
174.19
193.76
226.49
261.61
300.94
297.20
297.78
298.83
Total Industry
55.54
64.17
65.58
74.52
89.56
98.22
90.33
93.09
92.17
Iron and Steel
5.48
5.88
5.03
6.27
6.01
6.50
5.81
5.77
5.59
11.94
13.00
14.70
17.62
21.15
22.63
22.15
22.33
21.29

Non-ferrous Metals
8.51
10.42
6.20
4.80
7.29
8.11
7.53
7.48
7.23
2.36
2.64
2.82
2.95
3.17
3.43
3.54
3.46
3.39
Transport Equipment
2.42
2.58
2.99
3.30
3.43
5.18
4.93
4.96
4.84
Machinery
4.20
4.97
8.77
10.30
10.04
11.83
11.63
11.26
10.83
1.97
1.86
2.42
2.89
3.08
3.18
2.73
2.64
2.58
Food and Tobacco
3.26
3.66
4.45
5.13
5.84
6.52
6.89
6.84
6.93
4.07
5.10
8.64
10.86
12.18
11.46
11.49
11.38
11.20
1.46
1.60
2.12
2.47
2.49
2.83
2.65
2.60
2.52
Textile and Leather
2.97
2.85
2.98
3.21
3.58
3.28
3.17
2.31
2.88
Non Specified/Other
6.91
9.62
4.47
4.72
11.31
13.28 e
7.80
12.06
12.89
87.85
110.03
128.18
151.96
172.05
202.72
206.88
204.69
206.66
1.24
36.42
48.06
59.57
72.14
82.06
99.79
103.06
95.26
96.21
Residential
49.82
61.70
68.27
79.47
89.66
102.55
103.43
109.06
110.07
0.37
0.27
0.34
0.35
0.33
0.38
0.39
0.37
0.38
Construction
Agriculture
Transport

United States
(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Industry
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
90-03
1715.90
2099.76
2712.56
3589.60
3554.18
3559.30
3569.55
2.7
2.1
645.80
746.14
866.54
1142.11
1050.29
1082.47
1071.75
1.7
1.6
Transport
4.29
3.10
4.13
4.42
4.59
4.25
4.42
-0.2
0.5
Agriculture
14.47
423.52
558.79
838.89
1160.31
1198.32
1107.68
1118.68
4.1
2.2
Residential
Energy(1)
579.27
717.50
924.02
1192.45
1202.65
1268.17
1279.91
2.8
2.5
48.56
74.24
78.98
90.32
98.33
96.74
94.80
2.9
1.4
147.57
180.58
233.28
308.71
305.66
306.10
306.98
2.7
2.1


(TWh)
Average annual
percent change
Iron and Steel
Non-Ferrous Metals
1973
1980
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
73-90
645.80
746.14
866.54
1142.11
1050.29
1082.47
1071.75
1.7
90-03
1.6
63.73
68.36
72.89
75.54
67.55
67.14
64.94
0.8
-0.9
138.86
151.11
204.93
263.12
257.54
259.60
247.57
2.3
1.5
98.91
121.19
55.81
94.35
87.54
86.98
84.12
-3.3
3.2
27.40
30.68
34.31
39.88
41.18
40.26
39.38
1.3
1.1
Transport Equipment
28.15
29.97
38.38
60.18
57.35
57.70
56.25
1.8
3.0
Machinery
48.79
57.76
119.78
137.54
135.28
130.90
125.92
5.4
0.4
22.88
21.57
33.58
36.96
31.80
30.69
29.97
2.3
-0.9
Food and Tobacco
37.89
42.51
59.62
75.83
80.11
79.54
80.57
2.7
2.3
47.37
59.34
126.25
133.24
133.64
132.27
130.29
5.9
0.2
16.92
18.62
28.75
32.85
30.77
30.27
29.34
3.2
0.2
Construction
34.59
33.14
37.34
38.19
36.84
26.85
33.52
0.5
-0.8
Non Specified/Other
80.31
111.89
54.92
154.44 e
90.70
140.26
149.88
-2.2
8.0
98.22
90.33
93.09
92.17
1.7
1.6

55.54
64.17
74.52
United States
(TWh)
Total Imports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
16.85
30.18
45.90
22.51
46.76
48.59
38.50
36.37
30.39
16.85
30.18
45.90
22.51
46.76
48.59
38.50
36.37
30.39
Imports from:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
29.32
Canada
30.18
45.66
20.56
44.50
48.52
38.40
36.13
Czech Republic
16.85 e
-
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
0.24
1.95
2.26
0.08
0.10
0.24
1.07
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
United States
(TWh)
Total Exports
1973
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2.57
3.46
4.97
20.53
9.15
14.68
16.47
13.56
23.97
2.57
3.46
4.97
20.53
9.15
14.68
16.47
13.56
23.97
Exports to:
Total OECD
Austria
Belgium
23.58
Canada
3.46
4.81
19.94
7.99
12.69
16.11
13.00
Czech Republic
2.57 e
-
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Mexico
0.15
0.59
1.15
1.99
0.37
0.57
0.39
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Total Non-OECD
Albania
Bulgaria
Romania
Former USSR
Belarus
Georgia
Russian Federation
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Former Yugoslavia
of which: Croatia
F.Y.R. of Macedonia

Slovenia
Others
United States
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
420.10
625.92
656.12
690.47
706.11
621.61
881.16
942.21
992.58
105.42

Total Capacity
Nuclear
31.66
56.49
80.28
99.62
99.52
97.86
104.93
104.93
Hydro
76.35
88.86
90.89
96.66
91.76
94.72
92.87
91.53
21.39
19.52
18.33
19.30
18.63
Geothermal
1.01
1.58
1.61
1.75
2.79
3.00
3.01
3.02
Solar
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.56
0.41
0.41
0.40
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
0.01
2.38
3.92
4.53
6.12

Combustible Fuels
388.44
492.08
485.38
498.34
508.18
426.26
674.17
736.45
786.10
330.97
of which:
Single-fired:
174.32
240.02
232.92
263.81
254.14
263.75
332.32
333.60
Liquid Fuels
80.45
104.64
59.48
55.19
46.42
25.43
43.35
42.24
39.93
Natural Gas
59.55
65.80
12.41
15.00
16.53
32.07
124.16
178.24
221.17
0.06
0.10
0.12
0.07
0.14
0.51 e
5.65
5.65
5.62

Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
12.40
15.09
28.44
8.13
12.48
Solid / Natural Gas
12.07
12.41
24.64
26.03
32.44
47.27
50.84
125.16
126.98
142.90
104.50
168.68
176.72
188.41
2.32
3.19
2.21
3.14
3.14
471.91
Type of Generation
Steam
436.82
444.65
441.09
357.54
480.69
478.20
Internal Combustion
4.66
4.55
4.64
5.11
6.31
6.79
7.03
Gas Turbine
43.90
41.68
50.08
48.26
117.28
137.49
146.24
Combined Cycle
7.46
12.19
14.66
68.74
111.24
160.76
Other
0.18
0.70
1.15
2.72
0.16
Peak Load
..
..
461.09
546.00
620.25
678.41
576.31
714.57
709.38
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
United States
(GW)
1974
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
Total Capacity
43.12
70.22
190.99
32.96
33.01
33.79
Nuclear
0.02
Hydro
1.48
3.40
7.12
1.12
1.12
0.86
0.00
0.00
Geothermal
1.06
1.22
Solar
0.34
0.40
Tide, Wave, Ocean
Wind
1.91
1.72
Combustible Fuels
38.33
63.48
183.86
31.84
31.89
32.92
AUTOPRODUCERS
of which:
Single-fired:
6.85
1.11
57.30 e
6.70
6.72
7.02
Liquid Fuels
0.82
1.50
10.13
1.27
0.96
1.02
Natural Gas
18.41
21.18
63.68
16.73
16.11
16.75
7.52
1.33
9.76 e
5.38
5.93
6.00
Multi-fired:
Solid / Liquid
3.18
Solid / Natural Gas
2.13
4.73
12.44
42.99
1.76
2.18
2.13
20.61
Type of Generation
Steam
19.06
26.93
106.84
15.40
15.02
15.23
Internal Combustion
0.26
1.33
1.91
0.96
1.01
1.02
Gas Turbine
5.56
8.27
33.67
7.72
6.01
6.22
Combined Cycle
12.74
26.83
41.16
7.66
9.76
10.38
Other
0.71
0.12
0.29
0.10
0.10
0.08
Peak Load
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Available Capacity
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
United States
1978
1980
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
27.46
175.45
172.86
28.18
155.10
176.31
28.68
153.91
140.48
29.05
199.71
213.12
30.69
203.67
235.77
49.42
175.66
192.07
50.72
155.29
195.90
51.62
154.09
156.09
52.29
199.95
236.79
55.24
203.91
261.97

US Dollars/ unit
Steam Coal (t)
Heavy Fuel Oil (t)
26.11
88.65
56.43
31.72
178.01
87.26
38.06
177.05
136.15
Steam Coal
Heavy Fuel Oil
Natural Gas(2)
46.99
88.76
62.70
57.09
178.22
96.96
68.50
177.26
151.28
33.57
139.37
92.11
US Dollars/ toe
60.42
139.54
102.34

US Dollars/ kWh
Industry
Price
of which: tax
0.0279
..
0.0369
..
0.0516
..
0.0475
..
0.0460
..
0.0500
..
0.0480
..
0.0495
..
0.0511
..
Household
Price
of which: tax
0.0431
..
0.0536
..
0.0779
..
0.0785
..
0.0820
..
0.0850
..
0.0845
..
0.0871
..
0.0893
..


ENERGY STATISTICS DIVISION
POSSIBLE STAFF VACANCIES
The Division is responsible for statistical support
and advice to the policy and operational Divisions of
the International Energy Agency. It also produces a
wide range of annual and quarterly publications
complemented by CD-ROMs and on-line data
services. For these purposes, the Division maintains
extensive international databases covering most
aspects of energy supply and use.
Vacancies for statisticians occur from time to time.
Typically their work includes:
Gathering and vetting data from questionnaires
and publications, discussions on data issues with
respondents to questionnaires in national
administrations and fuel companies.
Managing energy databases in order to maintain
accuracy and timeliness of output.
Creating and maintaining computer procedures
for the production of tables, reports and analyses.
Preparing studies on an ad-hoc basis as required

by other Divisions of the International Energy
Agency.
Nationals of any OECD Member country are
eligible for appointment. Basic salaries range from
2 730 to 3 620 Euros per month, depending on
qualifications. The possibilities for advancement are
good for candidates with appropriate qualifications
and experience. Tentative enquiries about future
vacancies are welcomed from men and women with
relevant qualifications and experience. Applications
in French or English, accompanied by a curriculum
vitae, should be sent to:
Ms Beth Hunter
Head of Personnel and Finance Division
IEA, 9 rue de la Fdration
75739 Paris Cedex 15, FRANCE
beth.hunter@iea.org
S TAT I S T I C S P U B L I C AT I O N S
On-Line Data Ser vices

Users can now instantly access not only all the data published
in this book, but also all the time series used for preparing
this publication and all the other statistics publications of the IEA.
The data are available on-line, either through annual subscription
or pay-per-view access. More information on this new service
can be found on our Web site: http://data.iea.org
Ten
Annual
Publications
Energy Statistics of OECD Countries

No other publication offers such in-depth statistical coverage. It is intended for anyone involved
in analytical or policy work related to energy issues. It contains data on energy supply and
consumption in original units for coal, oil, natural gas, combustible renewables/wastes and
products derived from these primary fuels, as well as for electricity and heat. Data are presented
for the two most recent years available in detailed supply and consumption tables. Historical tables
summarise data on production, trade and final consumption. Each issue includes definitions of
products and flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data.
Published June 2005 - Price 110
Energy Balances of OECD Countries

A companion volume to Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, this publication presents
standardised energy balances expressed in million tonnes of oil equivalent. Energy supply
and consumption data are divided by main fuel: coal, oil, gas, nuclear, hydro, geothermal/solar,
combustible renewables/wastes, electricity and heat. This allows for easy comparison of the
contributions each fuel makes to the economy and their interrelationships through the conversion
of one fuel to another. All of this is essential for estimating total energy supply, forecasting, energy
conservation, and analysing the potential for interfuel substitution. Complete energy balances are
presented for the two most recent years available. Historical tables summarise key energy and
economic indicators as well as data on production, trade and final consumption. Each issue
includes definitions of products and flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data
as well as conversion factors from original units to tonnes of oil equivalent.
Published June 2005 - Price 110
Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries

This publication offers the same in-depth statistical coverage as the homonymous publication
covering OECD countries. It includes data in original units for more than 100 individual countries
and nine main regions. The consistency of OECD and non-OECD countries' detailed statistics
provides an accurate picture of the global energy situation. For a description of the content,
please see Energy Statistics of OECD Countries above.
Published August 2005 - Price 110
Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries

A companion volume to the publication Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, this publication
presents energy balances in million tonnes of oil equivalent and key economic and energy
indicators for more than 100 individual countries and nine main regions. It offers the same
statistical coverage as the homonymous publication covering OECD countries, and thus provides
an accurate picture of the global energy situation. For a description of the content, please see
Energy Balances of OECD Countries above.
Electricity Information
This reference document provides essential statistics on electricity and heat for each OECD member
countries by bringing together information on production, installed capacity, input energy mix to
electricity and heat production, input fuel prices, consumption, end-user electricity prices and electricity
trades. The document also presents selected non-OECD country statistics on the main electricity and
heat flows. It is an essential document for electricity and heat market and policy analysts.
Coal Information
This well-established publication provides detailed information on past and current evolution of the
world coal market. It presents country specific statistics for OECD member countries and selected
non-OECD countries on coal production, demand, trade and prices. This publication represents a
key reference tool for all those involved in the coal supply or consumption stream, as well as
institutions and governments involved in market and policy analysis of the world coal market.
Natural Gas Information

A detailed reference work on gas supply and demand, covering not only the OECD countries but
also the rest of the world. Contains essential information on LNG and pipeline trade, gas reserves,
storage capacity and prices. The main part of the book, however, concentrates on OECD
countries, showing a detailed gas supply and demand balance for each individual country and
for the three OECD regions: North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, as well as a breakdown of
gas consumption by end-user. Import and export data are reported by source and destination.
Oil Information
A comprehensive reference book on current developments in oil supply and demand. The first part
of this publication contains key data on world production, trade, prices and consumption of major
oil product groups, with time series back to the early 1970s. The second part gives a more detailed
and comprehensive picture of oil supply, demand, trade, production and consumption by enduser for each OECD country individually and for the OECD regions. Trade data are reported
extensively by origin and destination.
Renewables Information
This reference document brings together in one volume essential statistics on renewables and
waste energy sources. It presents a detailed and comprehensive picture of developments for
renewable and waste energy sources for each of the OECD member countries, encompassing
energy indicators, generating capacity, electricity and heat production from renewable and waste
sources, as well as production and consumption of renewable and waste products. It also
includes a selection of indicators for non-OECD countries. This report provides a strong
foundation for renewables energy policy and market analysis to assess progress towards domestic
and international objectives.
CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion

In order for nations to tackle the problem of climate change, they need accurate greenhouse gas
emissions data. This publication provides a basis for comparative analysis of CO2 emissions from fossil
fuel combustion, a major source of anthropogenic emissions. The eleventh session of the Conference
of the Parties to the Climate Change Convention (COP 11), in conjunction with the first meeting of
the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (COP/MOP 1), will be meeting in Montreal from 28 November to
9 December 2005. The data in this book are designed to assist in understanding the evolution of the
emissions of CO2 from 1971 to 2003 for more than 140 countries and regions by sector and by fuel.
Emissions were calculated using IEA energy databases and the default methods and emissions factors
from the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
Published November 2005 - Price 150
Two
Quarterlies
Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity, Quarterly Statistics

This publication provides up-to-date, detailed quarterly statistics on oil, coal, natural gas and
electricity for the OECD countries. Oil statistics cover production, trade, refinery intake and
output, stock changes and consumption for crude oil, NGL and nine selected oil product groups.
Statistics for electricity, natural gas and coal show supply and trade. Import and export data are
reported by origin and destination. Moreover, oil and hard coal production are reported on a
worldwide basis.
Published Quarterly - Price 110, annual subscription 350
Energy Prices and Taxes

This publication responds to the needs of the energy industry and OECD governments for up-to-date
information on prices and taxes in national and international energy markets. It contains prices at all
market levels for OECD countries and certain non-OECD countries: import prices, industry prices and
consumer prices. The statistics cover the main petroleum products, gas, coal and electricity, giving for
imported products an average price both for importing country and country of origin. Every issue
includes full notes on sources and methods and a description of price mechanisms in each country.
Published Quarterly - Price 110, annual subscription 350
Electronic
Editions
CD-ROMs and Online Data Services

To complement its publications, the Energy Statistics Division produces CD-ROMs containing the
complete databases which are used for preparing the statistics publications. State-of-the-art software
allows you to access and manipulate all these data in a very user-friendly manner and includes
graphic facilities. These databases are also available on the internet from our online data service.
Annual CD-ROMS / Online Databases
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Energy
Energy
Energy
Energy
Statistics of OECD Countries, 1960-2003

Balances of OECD Countries, 1960-2003
Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2003
Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2003
Price:
Price:
Price:
Price:
500
500
500
500
(single
(single
(single
(single
user)
user)
user)
user)
Combined subscription of the above four series
Price: 1 200 (single user)
Electricity Information 2005

Coal Information 2005
Natural Gas Information 2005
Oil Information 2005
Renewables Information 2005
CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, 1971-2003
Price:
Price:
Price:
Price:
Price:
Price:
500
500
500
500
300
500
(single
(single
(single
(single
(single
(single
user)
user)
user)
user)
user)
user)
Quarterly CD-ROMs / Online Databases
Price: (four quarters) 800 (single user)
Energy Prices and Taxes
Other
Online
Services
The Monthly Oil Data Service

The IEA Monthly Oil Data Service provides the detailed databases of historical and projected
information which is used in preparing the IEAs monthly Oil Market Report (OMR). The IEA
Monthly Oil Data Service comprises three packages available separately or combined as a
subscriber service on the Internet. The data are available two days after the official release of the
Oil Market Report.
The packages include:
. Supply, Demand, Balances and Stocks
. Trade
. Field-by-Field Supply
. Complete Service
Price:
Price:
Price:
Price:
5
1
2
8
500
650
750
250
(single
(single
(single
(single
user)
user)
user)
user)
A full description of this service is available on our Web site: http://modsinfo.iea.org
The Monthly Gas Data Service

The Monthly Gas Data Service provides for OECD countries historical and current data on natural
gas supply and demand, as well as detailed information on trade origins and destinations.
The packages include:
Natural Gas Balances & Trade

Historical plus 12 monthly updates
Price: 440 (single user)
Natural Gas Balances & Trade

Historical
Price: 330 (single user)
A description of the service is available on our Web site: http://data.iea.org
Moreover, the IEA site on Internet contains key energy indicators

by country, graphs on the world and OECD's energy situation
evolution from 1971 to the most recent year available,
as well as selected databases for demonstration.
The IEA site can be accessed at: http://www.iea.org

Electricity Information 2005

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Electricity Information 2005

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

I E A

ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) - iii

Production and Installed Capacity...............I.5

2.1 OECD Production and Installed Capacity ........... I.5

2.2 Non-OECD Production ..................................I.10

2.2.5 - Heat Production Sold to Third Parties ... I.11

OECD Consumption ....................................... I.13

Electricity Consumption .................................... I.13

4.1 OECD Electricity Trade..................................... I.17

OECD Prices ................................................I.19

5.1 Electricity Prices for Industry ............................ I.19

Trends in the OECD Electricity Sector ......I.21

6.1 Energy and Electricity Intensity......................... I.21

Saving Electricity in a Hurry .......................I.23

Executive Summary .......................................... I.23

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

iv - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition)

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Indices of real energy end-use prices, OECD.....................................................................................................I.81

World electricity and energy production.....................................................................................................................I.83

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) - v

Principles and Definitions ...........................II.5

Geographical Coverage ............................II.13

Country Notes ............................................II.15

Conversion Factors ...................................II.29

Country Specific Net Calorific Values .................II.30

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

vi - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition)

Units and Technical Abbreviations

metric ton = tonne (1 t = 1000 kg)

tonne of oil equivalent (1 toe = 41.868 GJ = 107 kCal)

million tonnes of oil equivalent

kilowatt (103 watts)

Megawatt (electric) (106 watts)

Gigawatt (109 watts)

Gigawatt hour (1 GWh = 3.6 TJ)

Terawatt (1012 watts)

Terawatt hour (1 TWh = 3.6 PJ)

kilocalories (103 calories)

kilojoule (103 joules)

Gigajoule (109 joules)

Terajoule (1012 joules)

Gross Calorific Value

Net Calorific Value

Total Final Consumption

Total Primary Energy Supply

U.S. dollars (unless otherwise specified)

estimated or preliminary data

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) - vii

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

viii - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition)

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART I - I.1

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART I - I.3

up of 61.0% from fossil-fuel-fired plants and 1.7%

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

I.4 - ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART I

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

1.4 OECD Prices

ELECTRICITY INFORMATION (2005 Edition) PART I - I.5