BAHAGIAN KURIKULUM TEKNIK DAN VOKASIONAL KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

BENGKEL PEMBINAAN MODUL PECUTAN AKHIR SPM 2009

MARKING SCHEME

CHEMISTRY

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MODULE 1
OBJECTIVE QUESTION
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

C D A B A A B C C A D B D C D

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PAPER 2 1. The table 1 shows the proton number of P, Q, R ,S and T . Based on the table answer the following questions. Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi P,Q,R, S dan T. Berdasarkan jadual jawab soalan berikut. Element P Q R S T
(a) (i)

Proton Number 3 8 9 18 19 TABLE 1

Write the electron arrangement for the element T . Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi unsur T. 2.8.8.1 [1 mark]

(ii)

Determine the position of T in the Periodic Table of elements Tentukan kedudukan unsur T dalam jadual berkala. Group 1 and period 4 [1 mark] Name the elements that are placed in the same group in the Periodic table of elements. Namakan semua unsur yang berada dalam kumpulan yang sama dalam jadual berkala. Element P and Element T [1 mark] Which element is known as a noble gas ? Unsur yang manakah dikenali sebagai gas adi ? Element S [1 mark]

(b)

(c)

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2 Figure 1 below shows a portion of the Periodic table with elements Q,R,T ,X Y and Z . The letters do not represent the symbol of the elements. Rajah 1 menunjukkan jadual berkala dengan unsur-unsur Q,R,T,X,Y dan Z. Huruf-huruf tidak menunjukkan simbol yang sebenar bagi unsur. Group

Period

FIGURE 1
(a)

Using the alphabets in the table answer the following questions. Dengan menggunakan huruf-huruf didalam jadual jawab soalan berikut. (i) Which element is a halogen Unsur yang manakah adalah halogen. Element Y [1 mark]
(ii)

Which element exist as a mono atom Unsur manakah adalah mono atom Element R [1 mark] Write the electron arrangement for Q Tuliskan susunan electron bagi Q 2.4 [1 mark] Write the formula of the ion formed from Y. Tuliskan formula ion yang terbentuk dari atom Y. Y-1 [1 mark] What is the name of the group of elements where Z is placed? Apakah nama kumpulan dimana unsur Z diletakkan. Transition element [1 mark]

(b)

(c)

(d)

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(e)

Helium gas Gas Helium Light ringan not reactive tidak reaktif colourless tidak berwarna

Hydrogen gas Gas hidrogen Light ringan Flammable Mudah terbakar Colourless Tidak berwarna

Based on the above information, which gas is more suitable to be used in meteorological balloons? Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberi, gas yang manakah lebih sesuai digunakan didalam belon kaji cuaca. Helium gas [1 mark]

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PAPER 3 1. Diagram below shows the chemical symbols which represent three elements X,Y and Z. X, Y and Z is not the actual symbol of the elements. Rajah dibawah menunjukkan simbol kimia yang mewakili unsur X,Y dan Z. X,Y dan Z bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur.
12 16 39

X
6 8
(a)

Y
19

(b)

Write the electron arrangement of atoms X, Y and Z. Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom X, Y dan Z [ 3 marks] X - 2.4 Y 2.6 Z 2.8.8.1 Explain what is meant by the numbers 12 and 6 in the chemical symbol of element X. Apakah yang ditunjukkan dengan nombor 12 dan 6 pada simbol kimia bagi unsur X [ 2 marks ] in atom X , 12 is stand for nucleon number while 6 is a proton number. State the number of neutrons in an atom of atom Y. Tentukan bilangan neutron bagi atom Y Neutron - 8 State the group of atom Z Tentukan kumpulan bagi atom Z Group 1 [1 mark] [1 mark]

(c)

(d)

(i)

(ii) State the period of atom Z Tentukan kala bagi atom Z Period 4 (iii) Explain the reason for the answers in (d)(i) and (d)(ii). Berikan alasan bagi jawapan anda di (d)(i) dan (d)(ii). Group 1 because electron valens is 1 Period 4- because has 4 shells filled with electrons

[1 mark] [2 mark]

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MODULE 2
OBJECTIVE QUESTION

1 2 3 4 5
PAPER 2 1.

B C D C A

6 7 8 9 10

C C C A B

Table 1 shows the proton number and nucleon number for atoms U, V and W. Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom U, V dan W. Proton number Nucleon number 16 32 17 35 17 37 Table 1 a) What is meant by proton number? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor proton? The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. [1 mark] b) What is the number of neutron in atom of V? Berapakah bilangan neutron dalam atom V? 18. [1 mark] c) Which atoms are isotopes? Explain your answer. Atom-atom yang manakah adalah isotop? Terangkan jawapan anda. V and W. Both the atoms have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. [2 marks] d) i. Write the electron arrangement for atom U. Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom U. 2.8.6 [1 mark] Atom U V W

ii. Draw the electron arrangement for atom U.

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Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom U.

[2 marks] 2. Diagram 1 shows the chemical symbols which represent three elements X, Y and Z. Rajah 1 menunjukkan simbol yang mewakili tiga unsur X, Y dan Z.
23 11

35 17

12 6

Diagram 1 b) Element X and Y react to form an ionic compound while element Z and Y react to form a covalent compound. Describe the formation of the chemical compounds between Unsur X dan Y bertindak balas untuk membentuk sebatian ionik, manakala unsur Z dan Y bertindak balas untuk membentuk sebatian kovalen . Huraikan pembentukan sebatian kimia antara i. element X and Y ii. element Z and Y Guided answer; i. Formation of ionic compound between element X and Y. Atom X has an electron arrangement of 2.8.1 Atom Y has the electron arrangement of 2.8.7 One atom of X donates one electron to form ion X+ to achieve a stable (octet) electron arrangement. One atom of Y receives one electron to form ion Y- to achieve a stable (octet) electron arrangement. Ion X+ and ion Y- are attracted together by the strong electrostatic forces to form an ionic compound with the formula XY.

ii. Formation of covalent compound between element Z and Y.

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Electron arrangement of atom Z is 2.4 Electron arrangement of atom Y is 2.8.7 Atom Z needs 4 electrons, while atom Y needs 1 electron to achieve the stable electron arrangement. Thus, one atom of Z shares 4 pairs of electron with 4 atoms of Y forming a molecule of covalent compound with the formula ZY4

PAPER 3 3. Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to compare the reactivity of alkali metal towards their reaction with oxygen. Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk membandingkan kereaktifan logam alkali terhadap oksigen.

Gas jar

Oxygen gas Alkali metal

Diagram 2 The experiment is carried out using a small piece of lithium, potassium and sodium respectively to react with oxygen gas. Observation on the alkali metals in the experiment are given in Table 2. Eksperimen dijalankan dengan menggunakan kepingan kecil litium, kalium and natrium untuk bertindak balas dengan gas oksigen. Pemerhatian ke atas logam-logam alkali dalam eksperimen ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 2.

Set

Type of alkali metals Jenis logam alkali

Observations Pemerhatian

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Lithium

Lithium burns slowly and produces white fume. Litium terbakar dengan perlahan dan menghasilkan wasap putih. Sodium burns rapidly and produce white fume. Natrium terbakar dengan cepat dan menghasilkan wasap putih. Potassium burns very rapidly and produce white fume. Kalium terbakar dengan sangat cepat dan menghasilkan wasap putih. Table 2

II

Sodium

III

Potassium

a) State one hypothesis for the experiment. Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen itu. The reactivity of alkali metals increases when going down Group 1. [3 marks] b) Based on the experiment, complete the table below. Berdasarkan eksperimen tersebut, lengkapkan jadual di bawah. Manipulated Variable: Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan: Type of alkali metals Responding variable: Pembolehubah bergerak balas: Reactivity of alkali metals Observe the burning of alkali metals when react with oxygen. Fixed variable: Pembolehubah dimalarkan: Method to maintain the fixed variable: Kaedah menetapkan pembolehubah dimalarkan: What to observe in the responding variable: Apakah yang diperhatikan dalam pembolehubah bergerak balas: Method to manipulate the variable: Kaedah memanipulasikan pembolehubah: Use different type of alkali metals.

Oxygen gas// size of alkali metals Use oxygen gas in each experiment // Use the same size of alkali metals [6 marks]

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c) Based on the observations in Table 2, arrange lithium, potassium and sodium in descending order of reactivity towards oxygen. Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Jadual 2, susunkan litium, kalium dan natrium mengikut tertib kereaktifan logam terhadap oksigen secara menurun. Potassium , sodium , lithium. [3 marks]

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MODULE 3
OBJECTIVE QUESTION
1 2 3 4 5

D C D D B

PAPER 2 1. Figure 1 shows a set of apparatus used to electrolyse molten potassium bromide, KBr using carbon electrodes. Gambarajah menunjukkan radas yang digunakan bagi mengelektrolisiskan kalium bromida, KBr menggunakan elektrod karbon. e e

Mangkuk pijar

Elektrolit leburan plumbum (II) bromida

Panaskan

Figure 1 a. Draw an arrow to show the direction of electron flow in the diagram. Lukis anak panah untuk menunjukkan arah pergerakan elektron pada rajah tersebut. [1 mark] b. Write the formula of ions present in the electrolyte. Tuliskan formula ion yang hadir dalam elektrolit. Pb2+, Br-, [1 mark]

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c. Identify the electrode that act as anode and cathode. Kenalpasti elektrod yang bertindak sebagai anod dan katod. i. Electrode X ii. Electrode Y : Anode : Cathode [ 2 mark] d. Diagram 2 below shows electrolyse cell. Rajah 2 di bawah menunjukkan sel elektrolisis

Carbon electrode
Elektrod karbon

Copper(II) sulphate solution

Larutan kuprum (II) sulfat

Diagram 2 Rajah 2 i) Write the formula of all the ions present in the copper (II) sulphate solution. Tuliskan formula semua ion yang hadir dalam larutan kuprum (II) sulfat. Cu 2+, SO4 2-, H+, OH [1 mark] ii) Name the ions attacted to : Namakan ion yang tertarik ke: a) Anode: hydroxide ion [2 mark] iii) State the energy conversion occur in the cell. Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam sel. Electrical energy to chemical energy [1 mark]

b) Cathode: copper ion

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2.

Kuprum

Logam lain

Larutan natrium nitrat

a) State the energy conversion occur in voltaic cell . Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam sel kimia. Chemical Energy to Electrical energy [ 1 mark ] b) List the ions contain in the electrolyte. Senaraikan ion-ion yang terkandung di dalam elektrolit. Na+, NO3-, H+, OH[ 1 mark ] c) Give one device which can be used to replace the function of voltmeter. Berikan satu alat yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan fungsi voltmeter. Bulb/ Galvanometer [ 1 mark ] d) State 2 differences of voltaic cell compared to electrolysis cell. Nyatakan 2 perbezaan sel kimia berbanding sel elektrolisis. -Energy conversion (chemical energy to electrical energy in voltaic cell and vice versa) -Cell structure (voltaic cell do not need a dry cell while electrolysis cell need) [ 2 mark ]

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PAPER 3 Answer all question.

1. Figure 1 shows an experiment to construct an electrochemical series by measuring the voltage of a pair of metals in a simple voltaic cell Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk membentuk satu siri elektrokimia dengan cara mengukur nilai voltan pasangan logam dalam satu sel kimia.

Kuprum

Logam lain

Larutan natrium nitrat

Figure 1/ Rajah 1

Figure 2/ Rajah 2

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Figure 2 shows the reading on the volmeter in different sets of experiment Rajah 2 menunjukan bacaan voltmeter dalam set eksperimen yang berbeza (a) Write the voltage for each experiment in the spaces provided in the table below Tuliskan nilai voltan untuk setiap eksperimen di dalam jadual yang diberikan Experiment Eksperimen 1 2 3 4 Positive terminal Terminal positif Copper Kuprum Copper Kuprum Copper Kuprum Copper Kuprum Negative terminal Terminal negatif Magnesium Magnesium Iron Ferum Lead Plumbum Zinc Zinc Voltage/V Voltan/V 2.5 0.8 0.4 1.1

(b) Show the direction of electron flow on figure 1. Tunjukkan arah pergerakan elektron pada gambarajah 1. [3 marks] (c) What is the function of voltmeter in voltaic cell. Apakah fungsi voltmeter di dalam sel kimia. To measure the reading of voltage
[3 marks]

(d) Arrange the metals in (a) in the electrochemical series in ascending order. Susun logam dalam soalan (a) dalam siri elektrokimia mengikut tertib menaik. Mg, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu
[3 marks]

(d) Explain why copper be a positive terminal compare to its metal pair base on the arrangement of metal in electrochemical series. Jelaskan mengapa kuprum bertindak sebagai terminat positif berbanding pasangan logamnya berpandukan kepada aspek susunan logam di dalam siri elektrokimia. Because is place lowest compared to other metals in electrochemical series/ Copper is less electropositive metal
[3 marks]

(e) Another voltaic cell is formed by using magnesium and iron as electrodes. Which electrode will be the positive terminal? Satu sel kimia yang lain dibina dengan menggunakan magnesium dan ferum sebagai

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elektrod.Elektrod yang manakah akan bertindak sebagai terminal positif? Iron

[3 marks]

Objective Question 1 B 2 A 3 C 4 A 5 B

MODULE 4

PAPER 2 Question 1 (a) (b)(i) (b) (ii) PAPER 3 Ammonium sulphate NH4NO3 NH4SO4 Answer 2NH3 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g) Ammonium nitrate

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Question

Answer Experiment I : 1.1 V Experiment II : 2.7 V Experiment III : 2.0 V Experiment IV : 0.8 V Experiment V : 0.5 V ( score 3: all corrects value includes units )

(a)

(b)

Experiment Experiment I Experiment II Experiment III Experiment IV Experiment V

Negative terminal P Q R S T

Voltmeter reading (V) 1.1 2.7 2.0 0.8 0.5

(i) metal at negative terminal / two different metals / pairs of two different metals.. (any one ) (c) (ii) voltmeter readings / potential differences ( any one ) ( iii ) copper metal / volume and concentration of copper(II) sulphate solution./ voltmeter ( any one ) ( total score : 3 )

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Question (d)

Answer The further the distance between two metals in Electrochemical series, the voltage/ potential difference is higher/larger or (i) The voltage / potential difference in Experiment II is larger than in Experiment I or

(e ) The voltage / potential difference in Experiment I is lower / smaller than in Experiment II. Any one : 3 marks (ii) Metal Q is more electropositive than metal P The distance of metal P is nearer to copper compared to metal Q in Electrochemical series. The arrangement is Q, P and copper in the Electrochemical series in descending order. 3 marks (f) Q , R, P , S , T , Cu 3 marks

PAPER 3

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Answer
Problem Statement Are alloy is harder than pure metals - Manipulated Variable : Different types of materials ( aluminium and duralumin ) -Responding Variable : Diameter of dent - Constant Variable : Diameter of steel ball bearing, Height of the weight, mass of the weight. Alloy is harder than pure metal / Duralumin is harder than aluminium Materials : aluminium block, duralumin block and cellophane tape. Apparatus : retort stand and clamp, one kilogram weight, steel ball bearing, metre rule and thread. 1. A cellophane tape is used to to stick a steel ball bearing onto the aluminium block. 2. A weight is hung above the ball bearing at a height of 50 cm. 3. The weight is dropped so that it hits the ball bearing. 4. The diameter of the dent made on the aluminium block is measured. 5. Steps 1 to 4 is repeated twice. 6. By replacing aluminium block with the duralumin block, steps 1 to 5 is repeated. 7. The readings are recorded in the table below.

All variables

Hypothesis

List of materials and apparatus

Procedure

Type of block / material Tabulation of data Duralumin Aluminium

Diameter of dents ( cm ) 1 2 3

Average diameter (cm )

MODUL 5
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Question Answer 1 (a) 2HCl + CaCO3 CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O (b) Rate of reaction = 32 / 50 = 0.64 g/cm3

(c) (i)

1- Draw a triangle on the graph - 1 mark (c)(ii) 2- Rate of reaction = 18 / 77.5 - 1 mark = 0.23 cm3 / s

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Question 2 (a) (b) (c)

Answer Heat of displacement is the heat change when one mole of a metal is displaced from its salt solution by a more electropositive metal. The intensity of blue solution ( copper(ll) sulphate solution ) in this reaction decreases until they become colourless. Zn + Cu 2+ Zn 2+ + Cu (i) Number of mole of copper(ll) ions = MV 1000 = 2(25) 1000 = 0.005 mole. (ii) mc = 25 x 4.2 x 9.5 = 997.5 joule

(d)

(iii) The heat of displacement of copper by zinc 997.5 = ---------0.005 = 199500 J = 199.5 kJ/mol

Energy Zn + Cu 2+ (e) H = -199. 5 kJ/mol Zn 2+ + Cu

3.
(a) 1. antibiotic 2. This is to make sure that all the bacteria are killed. 3. Otherwise, patient B may become ill again 4. bacteria may become more resistant to the antibiotic. 5. As a result, the antibiotic is no longer effective.

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(b) A: Hydrophobic part B: Hydrophilic part Part A is dissolved in oil / grease Part B is dissolved in water (c) (i) Procedure: 1. Two basins/beakers are filled with hard water. 2. Soap is added to one beaker and detergent is added to another beaker. 3. A piece of dirty cloth is placed into each beaker and agitated. 4. Observations: Soap in hard water 1. cloth not clean 2. scum forms 3 water less dirty (any one pair) Detergent in hard water 1. cloth clean 2. no scum 3. water turns dirty

5. Conclusion: detergent cleans stains more effectively than soap. (c) (ii): 1. soap particles dissolve in water and (reduce the surface tension of water) /(water wet the cloth thoroughly) 2. the hydrophilic part dissolve in water while the hydrophobic part dissolves in grease//diagram 3. During cleaning/rubbing/heating/scrubbing, grease is lifted off the surface 4. Hydrophobic part / soap anion surrounded the grease//diagram 5. Grease is broken up into small droplets/forming an emulsion//diagram 6. When rinsed, the grease droplet will be removed

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