Ecosystem Reading Guide 1. ____________________ is the study of interactions among organisms and their environment. 2.

Non living parts of the environment--3. Living or once living 4. All living organisms need___________ to survive. 5. Most organisms contain _____% to_____ % water. 6. By the process of _______________________the suns energy is changed into __________ energy. 7. Why do so few plants grow near the forest floor: 8. The ___________ of a region determines what plants and animals live there. 9. Air is a _____________ of gases that include: 1._______________, 2.____________________, 3. ________________________. 10. Few or large amounts of organisms live at extreme air pressure levels. (Circle or write out correct word) 11. Soil type is determined by the amounts of ___________________, __________________, ________________ they contain. 12. Complete the following: atom > _____________>__________________>________________>_______________ ____>_____________________>_______________________>______________ 13. ________________ is any living thing

14. All the penguins in an area is an example of ____________________ 15. All the deer, plants and water in Belfry is an example of ____________________________ 16. All the members of one species that live together make up a ___________________

17. Groups of populations that interact with each other in a given area form __________________________ 18. The biotic and abiotic factors that work together make up an _________________________ 19. An area with plant and animal groups that are well adapted to the soil and climate_____________________________ 20. The part of earth that supports life is the ______________________. 21. If a population is small and doesnt move much, the population or size can be measured by ________________ them 22. If the population is one that is too wide spread and moves too much to be counted, the size must be _______________. 23. 24. 25. 1. 2. 3. 26. If the organisms have a fairly consistent distance between them, they are: 27. If the organisms location is independent of other organisms, they are: 28. 29. 1. 2. 3. 4 5 6 If resources or living areas are tightly put together they are: All ecosystems have a limited number of: Population density Another characteristic of populations is spacing or: Three ways populations can be spaced:

30. Any biotic or abiotic factor that limits the number of individuals in a population:

31. _____________is the struggle for an organism to obtain the same resources needed to survive and reproduce. 32. If the population density increases, what occurs:

33. The largest number of individuals in a species that an environment can support and maintain for long periods of time is: 34. If a population becomes larger than the carrying capacity, individuals will be left without_________________, they will ______________or be forced to___________________. 35. 36. 37. Biotic potential: Close interaction between two or more different species: Relationship where both organisms benefit:

38. Relationship where one benefits and the other is not harmed or helped: 39. 40. Relationship where one benefits and one is harmed: Population size is regulated by _______________

41. The act of one organism killing, hunting and feeding upon another organism: 42. Predators are more likely to capture _________, _____________ or _______________, only the _________________ individuals survive. 43. 44. 45. 46. Niche: Habitat: Example of a niche: Example of a habitat:

47. _____________ are organisms that use energy from the ___________ to make their own food. 48. ________________ are organisms that take in energy from the producers when they feed upon them

49.

Breaks down the remains of dead organisms:

50. Simple way of showing how energy moves through an ecosystem: 51. 52. 53. The arrows in a food chain indicate: Food chains have ________ or _____ links Series of overlapping food chains in an ecosystem:

54. The bottom of the ecological pyramid represents ______________________ of the ____________________. 55. An energy pyramid has ___________ or ____________ levels that shows how much energy is available. 56. __________________% of the energy at each level is passed to the next level. 57. Energy available by food is renewed by _________________ using ______________. 58. ______________________of ___________________ of ________________ says matter on Earth is never lost or gained, just recycled. 59. Continual process where water is recycled through the atmosphere: 60. 61. 62. Evaporation: Condensation: Precipitation: