Gayle Roque 6th hour CHAPTER 13 CRITICAL THINKING AND CLINICAL APPLICATION QUESTIONS 1. Mature neurons do not divide.

If the damage is severe or close to the cell body, the entire neuron may die, and other neurons that are normally stimulated by its axon may die as well. If the cell body remains intact, cut or compressed axons on peripheral nerves can regenerate successfully. As soon as a peripheral axon has been severed or crushed, the separated ends seal themselves off and hen swell as substances being transported along the axon being to accumulate in the sealed ends. In a few hours, the axon and its myelin sheath being to disintegrate because they cannot receive nutrients and other needed materials from the cell body. 2. The common fibular (peroneal) nerve descends from its point of origin, wraps around the head of the fibula, and then divides into superficial and deep branches. The branches innervate the knee joint, the skin of the lateral calf and dorsum of the foot, and the muscles of the anterolateral leg. The common fibular nerve is part of the sacral plexus and is a sciatic nerve. Injury to the sciatic nerve results in a number of lower limb impairments. Sciatica, characterized by stabbing pain radiating over the course of the sciatic nerve, is common. Compression of the common fibular nerve can cause footdrop. 3. Harry may have damaged nerves located in the brachial plexus. The main nerves of the upper limb include the axillary nerve, musculotanerous nerve, median nerve, ulner nerve, and radial nerve. Injuries to the brachial plexus are common. When the injuries are severe, they can cause weakness or paralysis of the entire upper limb. Injuries may occur when the upper limb is pulled hard and the plexus is stretched or by blows to the top of the shoulder that force the humerus inferiorly. 4. The oculomotor cranial nerves and the abducens cranial nerves are the sites of the lesion. The oculomotor cranial nerves supply four of the six extrinsic muscles that move the eyeball in the orbit. It contains mostly motor nerves. Damage to the oculomotor nerves can result in oculomotor nerve paralysis, causing the eyes unable to move up, down, or inward. The person may also have double vision and trouble focusing on close objects. The abducens cranial nerves controls the extrinsic eye muscle that abducts the eyeball. Damage to the abducens nerves can result in abducens nerve paralysis, causing the eyes unable to move laterally. Damage was to the right. 5. The rabbit hunter may have experienced damage to his nerves within the sacral plexus. He may have damaged his superior or inferior gluteal nerves. Both nerves innervate the buttocks and tensor fascia latae muscles. These nerves are branches of the sacral plexus which also include the sciatic nerves (tibial and common peroneal). Damage to one of these nerves may deter from motor and sensory neurons reaching other nerves and to the spinal cord and brain. Injury to sciatic nerves may cause the leg to be completely useless. The leg may not flex because the hamstrings are paralyzed, and all foot and ankle movements are lost. The foot may also be in footdrop.