CARCARRIERPOWERPOINT PRESENTATION

Contents
1.Definitionofcarcarrier. 1 Definition of car carrier 2.Typesofcarcarrier. 3.Solas 3 S l Amendments. d 4.Constructionofcarcarrier. 5.MajorAccidents.

1.DefinitionofCarCarrier 1. Definition of Car Carrier

PURE CAR CARRIER IS DESIGNED EXCLUSIVELY PURECARCARRIERISDESIGNEDEXCLUSIVELY FORTHETRANSPORTATIONOFVEHICLES WITHMULTIPLE DECKHOLDS.THEVEHICLES WITH MULTIPLEDECK HOLDS THE VEHICLES ARELOADED/DISCHARGEDTHROUGHTHE RAMPWAY. RAMPWAY

2.TypesofRO/ROShips
Ferries Ferries Freight RoPax PureCarCarriers Combinedcarriers Container Ro/Ro ContainerRo/Ro Ro/RoLo/Lo

Ferry
CarriageofPassengersandVehicles

FreightRo/Ro Freight Ro/Ro

TransportofWheeledCargo

Ro Pax RoPax
MixedTransportofPassengers,VehiclesandWheeledCargo p g , g

PureCarCarrier(PCC) Pure Car Carrier (PCC)

CarTransport p Shipsquitesensitiveto thesidewindsdueto thelargeexposedarea Presentalargenumber Present a large number ofventilatorsonthe exposeddeckdueto theSOLAS requirementsforthe garagezov

ThelargestPCCcurrentlyinserviceistheMVMignon(1999),from Wallenius Lines,whichafteralengtheningof28m(2005)hasthe capacitytocarryabout7,200cars

PureCarTruckCarrier(PCTC) Pure Car Truck Carrier (PCTC)

TransportCarsandTrucks Loa=198m Lpp =188m B=32.20m D=14.60m T=8.80m T 8 80 m DW=16,957t

CourageousAce(2003) Courageous Ace (2003) 6400cars

ContainerRo/Ro(ConRo) Container Ro/Ro (ConRo)

CombinedShip,ContainerCarrierandRo/Ro Combined Ship Container Carrier and Ro/Ro

ConRo Trader(1978) C R T d (1978) Loa=109.60m DW=4,550t

Generallycarriesstacksofcontainersontheupperdeckandwheeled cargounderdeck

Ro/RoLo/Lo Ro/Ro Lo/Lo

CECOceanic(1997) Loa=100.90m DW=5,150t

Shipthatcancarryandloadwheeledcargo,butthatalsohas liftingequipmenttoload/unloadthroughthehatches lifting equipment to load/unload through the hatches

3.Solas Amendments 3 S l A d
The1988(April)amendmentstoSOLAS Theamendmentsaffectregulations23and42ofChapterII 1oftheSOLAS The amendments affect regulations 23 and 42 of Chapter II1 of the SOLAS Convention.Thefirstdealswiththeintegrityofthehullandsuperstructure,damage preventionandcontrolandinvolvestheadditionofanewregulation232which requiresthatindicatorsbeprovidedonthenavigatingbridgeforalldoorswhich,if leftopen,couldleadtomajorfloodingofaspecialcategoryspaceoraroro cargo l f ld l d j fl di f i l space. The1988(October)Amendments InOctober1988theMSCmetagaininaspecialsessionrequestedandpaidforby In October 1988 the MSC met again in a special session requested and paid for by theUnitedKingdomtoconsiderasecondpackageofamendmentsarisingfromthe HeraldofFreeEnterprisetragedy.Theamendmentsadoptedenteredintoforceon 29April1990.Theybecameknownasthe"SOLAS90"standard

TheApril1989Amendments FurtheramendmentstoSOLASwereadoptedbytheMSCinApril1989.Theyalso enteredintoforceon1February1992.SeveralregulationsofChapterII1were di f 1F b 1992 S l l i f Ch II 1 amended,themostimportantbeingregulation15whichdealswithopeningsin watertightbulkheadsinpassengerships.From1February1992newshipshavehadto beequippedwithpoweroperatedslidingdoors,exceptinspecificcasesandmust q pp p p g , p p becapableofbeingclosedfromaconsoleonthebridgeinnotmorethan60seconds. Theamendmentsmakeitclearthatallwatertightdoorsmustbekeptclosedexceptin exceptionalcircumstances. TheMay1990Amendments The May 1990 Amendments Importantchangesweremadetothewayinwhichthesubdivisionanddamage stabilityofcargoships(includingfreightonlyroro ships)iscalculated.Theyapplyto shipsof100metres ormoreinlengthbuiltafter1February1992. TheMay1991amendments Theamendments,whichenteredintoforceon1January1994,aremostlyconcerned withcargosafety,andinvolveacompleterewritingofchapterVI.Aspreviouslynoted (seepage13)theamendmentswerebeingpreparedbeforetheHeraldofFreeEnterprise disaster.ThenewchapterreferstotheCodeofSafePracticeforCargoStowageand Securing,theaimofwhichistoprovideaninternationalstandardforthesafestowage Securing, the aim of which is to provide an international standard for the safe stowage andsecuringofcargoes.

TheApril1992Amendments AlthoughtheentryintoforceoftheOctober1988amendmentstoSOLASmeantthat allroro passengerferriesbuiltsinceApril1990hadbeenbuilttoimproveddamage stabilitystandards,someGovernmentswerestillconcernedatthesafetylevelsof existingships. existing ships. TheDecember1992Amendments Theamendmentsareconcernedprimarilywithfiresafetystandardsfornewpassenger ships(includingofcourseroro passengerships)builtonorafter1October1994,the dateonwhichtheamendmentswillenterintoforceundertheConvention's"tacit acceptance"provisions. TheMay1994amendments:theSOLASconference TheSOLASConventionisnowsowidelyacceptedthat,tosomeextentatleast,virtually The SOLAS Convention is now so widely accepted that to some extent at least virtually everyshipintheworldcomplieswithit.Thankstothetacitacceptanceamendment procedureithasprovedpossibletokeeptheConventionuptodateandfurtherchanges weremadeinMay1994.SomeofthemwereadoptedbytheMaritimeSafety CommitteeexpandedtoincludeallContractingPartiestotheConventionbut,for technicalreasons,othersweredealtwithbyaspecialconference.

TheDecember1994amendments Adoption: 9December1994 Entryintoforce: 1 J l 1996 E i f 1July1996 InChapterVI(CarriageofCargoes),theCodeofSafePracticeforCargoStowageand Securingwasmademandatory.TheCodewasadoptedasarecommendationin1991. g y p Theamendmentsmadeitmandatorytoprovidethecargoinformationrequiredbythe Codeandforcargounits,includingcontainers,tobeloaded,stowedandsecuredin accordancewithamanualthatmustbeatleastequivalenttotheCode. TheNovember1995amendments(Conference) Adopted: 29November1995 Entryintoforce: 1July1997 TheconferenceadoptedaseriesofamendmentstoSOLAS,basedonproposalsput The conference adopted a series of amendments to SOLAS based on proposals put forwardbythePanelofExpertsonthesafetyofrollonrolloffpassengershipswhichwas establishedinDecember1994followingthesinkingoftheferry Estonia. ThemostimportantchangesrelatetothestabilityofroropassengershipsinChapterII1.

TheJune1996amendments Adoption: 4 June 1996 4June1996 Entryintoforce: 1July1998 AcompletelyrevisedChapterIIIonlifesavingappliancesandarrangementswas adopted.TheamendmentstakeintoaccountchangesintechnologysincetheChapter hadbeenlastrewrittenin1983. h db l t itt i 1983 TheDecember1996amendments Adoption: 6December1996 Entryintoforce:1July1998 ChapterII2wasconsiderablymodified,withchangestothegeneralintroduction,PartB (firesafetymeasuresforpassengerships),PartC(firesafetymeasuresforcargoships) andPartD(firesafetymeasuresfortankers).Thechangesmademandatoryanew and Part D (fire safety measures for tankers). The changes made mandatory a new InternationalCodeforApplicationofFireTestProceduresintendedtobeusedby Administrationswhenapprovingproductsforinstallationinshipsflyingtheirflag. TheJune1997amendments The June 1997 amendments Adoption: 4June1997 Entryintoforce: 1July1999 TheamendmentsincludedanewRegulation8.2onVesselTrafficServices(VTS)in ChapterV.VTSaretrafficmanagementsystems,forexamplethoseusedinbusystraits. Ch t V VTS t ffi t t f l th di b t it ThisRegulationsetsoutwhenVTScanbeimplemented.ItsaysVesselTrafficServices shouldbedesignedtocontributetothesafetyoflifeatsea.

TheMay1998amendments Adoption: 18May1998 Entryintoforce: 1 J l 2002 E i f 1July2002 Amendmentsweremadetoregulation14onConstructionandinitialtestingof watertightbulkheads,etc.,inpassengershipsandcargoshipsinChapterII1.Paragraph 3isreplacedtoallowvisualexaminationofweldedconnections,wherefillingwithwater p , g orahosetestarenotpracticable. TheMay2000amendment Adoption:26May2000 Ad ti 26 M 2000 Entryintoforce: 1January2002 SOLASChapterIII,regulation28.2forhelicopterlandingareasisamendedtorequirea helicopterlandingareaonlyforroropassengerships.Regulation28.1ofSOLAS ChapterIIIrequiresallroropassengershipstobeprovidedwithahelicopterpickup areaandexistingroropassengershipswererequiredtocomplywiththisregulation notlaterthanthefirstperiodicalsurveyafter1July1997. TheDecember2000amendments Adoption: 6December2000 Entryintoforce: 1July2002 ArevisedSOLASchapterV(SafetyofNavigation) bringsinanewmandatory requirementforvoyagedatarecordersvoyagedatarecorders(VDRs)toassistin accidentinvestigations.

TheDecember2002amendments(Conference) Measurestoenhancemaritime security Adoption:13December2002 Entryintoforce:1July2004 TheJune2003amendments The June 2003 amendments Adoption:June2003 Entryintoforce:1July2006 ChapterV SafetyofNavigation AmendmentstoSOLASregulationsV/2DefinitionsandV/22NavigationBridgeVisibility addthedefinitionof"length"toregulationV/2andaconsequentialeditorialchangeis madetoregulationV/22.Thedefinitionstatesthat"lengthofashipmeansitslength overall . overall". December2004amendments Adoption:December2004 Entryintofore: 1 J l 2006 E i f 1July2006 SimplifiedVoyageDataRecorders Amendmentstoregulation20ofSOLASchapterV(SafetyofNavigation)giveaphased incarriagerequirementforashipbornesimplifiedvoyagedatarecorder(SVDR). g q p p y g ( )

May2005amendments Adoption:May2005 Adoption: May 2005 Entryintoforce: 1January2007/1January2009 ArevisedSOLASchapterII1wasadoptedwithentryintoforcesetfor1January2009. TherevisionofSOLASchapterII1isintendedtoharmonizetheprovisionson subdivisionanddamagestabilityforpassengerandcargoships.Therevisedprovisions inpartsA,BandB1willbeapplicabletonewshipsbuiltaftertheexpectedentryinto forcedateof1January2009. force date of 1 January 2009 May2006amendmentsLRIT Adoption:May2006 Entryintoforce: 1January2008 ThenewregulationonLRITisincludedinSOLASchapterVonSafetyofNavigation, throughwhichLRITwillbeintroducedasamandatoryrequirementforthefollowing through which LRIT will be introduced as a mandatory requirement for the following shipsoninternationalvoyages:passengerships,includinghighspeedcraft;cargoships, includinghighspeedcraft,of300grosstonnageandupwards;andmobileoffshore drillingunits.

Otheramendments amendments to the FSS Code relating to fire extinguishers extinguishers, specifically portable foam applicators; fixed foam fire-extinguishing systems; fixed-pressure water-spraying and water-mist fireextinguishing systems, fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems for cabin balconies. E t i t f bi b l i Entry into force on 1 J l 2008. July 2008 amendments to the Protocol of 1988, relating to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, to include in the Record of equipment for the relevant safety certificate an entry regarding the long-range identification and tracking system. Entry into force on 1 July 2008.

amendments to the Protocol of 1988 relating to the International Convention on Load Lines, 1966, including amendments of a reference in regulation 22 (Scuppers, inlets and discharges) and an amendment in regulation 39 ( g (Minimum bow height and reserve g buoyancy). Entry into force on 1 July 2008.

October2007amendments Entryintoforce:1July2009 Entry into force: 1 July 2009 AmendmenttoSOLASchapterIV,toaddanewregulation41onGMDSSsatellite providers.ThenewregulationprovidesfortheMSCtodeterminethecriteria, proceduresandarrangementsfortheevaluation,recognition,reviewandoversightof theprovisionofmobilesatellitecommunicationservicesintheGlobalMaritimeDistress th ii f bil t llit i ti i i th Gl b l M iti Di t andSafetySystem(GMDSS). May2008amendments y Entryintoforce:1July2010 AmendmentstoSOLASchapterII2,regardingdrainageofspecialcategoryandroro spacestopreventaccumulationofwateronthevehicledeckofroroships; December2008amendments Entryintoforce:1July2010 AmendmentstotheSOLASConventionandtothe1988LoadLinesProtocoltomake mandatorytheInternationalCodeonIntactStability,2008(2008ISCode).

June 2009 amendment Entry into force: 1 January 2011 y y ECDIS and BNWAS to be made mandatory under SOLAS Amendments to SOLAS regulation V/19, to make mandatory the carriage of Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS) and Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm Systems (BNWAS) under SOLAS chapter V Safety of (BNWAS), V, Navigation. The requirements will be mandatory for new ships and phased-in for existing ships. Other SOLAS amendments an amendment to SOLAS regulation II-1/35.2, to prohibit all new installations of asbestos on board ships, without exceptions; and amendments to the title of Chapter VI to read, Carriage of Cargoes "and Oil Fuels" and to Regulation VI/5-1 on Material safety data VI/5 1 sheets (MSDS) to require MSDS to be provided for ships carrying oil or oil fuel, prior to the loading of such oil as cargo in bulk or bunkering of oil fuel. The MSC also approved b k i f il f l Th l d Recommendations for material safety data sheets (MSDS) for MARPOL Annex I type cargoes and oil fuels.

4.PCCCONSTRUCTION
1MULTIDECKSCONSTRUCTION 2WATERTIGHTANDGASTIGHTSECTIONS 3LIFTABLEDECKS 4SHORERAMPWAY 5INNERRAMPWAY 6LASHINGFITTINGS 7LASHINGEQUIPMENTS 8INHOLDLIGHTINGSYSTEM 9INHOLDVENTILATION 10INHOLDFIREEXTIGUISHINGSYSTEM 11INHOLDEQUIPMENTFORPREVENTINGCARGODAMAGE/ACCIDENTS 12INHOLDEQUIPMENTSFORPREVENTINGHUMANINJURY.

1MULTIDECKCONSTRUCTION

FORTHEPURPOSEOFCARRYINGMAXIMUMAMOUNTOFVEHICLESINALIMITEDSPACEONBOARDA VESSEL,ASINGLEPCCHASSEVERALKINDSOFDECKSTRUCTURESWHICHARECAPABLEOFCARRYINGAND ADAPTABLETODIFFERENTTYPEOFVEHILCLESINCLUDINGSEDANS,TRUCKS,BULLDOZERS,CATTERPILLARS ADAPTABLE TO DIFFERENT TYPE OF VEHILCLES INCLUDING SEDANS TRUCKS BULLDOZERS CATTER PILLARS ANDSPECIALIZEDVEHICLESETC

2WATERTIGHTANDGASTIGHTSECTIONS

PCC/PCTCHASSOMEWATERTIGHTBULKHEADSUPTOFREEBOARD DECKTOBLOCKFLOODWATERSANDALSOHASGASTIGHT SECTIONSTOPREVENTFIRESFROMSPREADING. SECTIONS TO PREVENT FIRES FROM SPREADING.

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERREGARDING W/TANDG/TDOORS.
1)PACKINGSTOBECHECKEDFORDAMAGESANDANYDEFECTSTOBERECTIFIEDIMMEDIATELYTO MAINTAINWATERTIGHTANDGASTIGHTINTEGRITYATALLTIMES. 2)WATERTIGHTANDGASTIGHTDOORSTOBECLOSEDIMMEDIATELYAFTERANYCARGOOPERATIONSAND SAMETOBEKEPTCLOSEDATALLTIMESDURINGTHEVOYAGE. 3)LOCKINGANDFIXINGARRANGEMENTSONTHEDECKHEADSTOBECHECKEDFORANYDETEORATION ANDANYDEFECTSTOBERECTIFIEDIMMEDIATELYTOPREVENTDAMAGETOVEHICLESBYFALLING OBJECTS. 4)THEDOGBOLTSFORSECURINGW/TANDG/TDOORSTENDSTOGETSLACKONSEAPASSAGEDUETO VIBRATIONSSAMETOBECHECKEDANDTIGHTENEDASREQUIRED. VIBRATIONS SAME TO BE CHECKED AND TIGHTENED AS REQUIRED. 5)ATSEAOOWONBRIDGETOKEEPANEYEONTHEINDICATORSFORTHEW/TANDG/TDOORSPOSITION CLOSEORSHUT. 6)THEDOORSBEINGLARGEINSIZEMAYGETDEFORMEDOVERTHEPERIODOFTIMEWHICHMAYNOT 6) THE DOORS BEING LARGE IN SIZE MAY GET DEFORMED OVER THE PERIOD OF TIME WHICH MAY NOT MAKETHECOMPARTMENTSW/TAND/ORG/T.SAMETOBEMONITOREDANDRECTIFIED.

3LIFTABLEDECKS

THEPCCIISDESIGNEDTOTRANSPORTVEHICLESOFVARIOUSSIZESINCLUDINGCONSTRUCTIONMACHINES THE PCC IIS DESIGNED TO TRANSPORT VEHICLES OF VARIOUS SIZES INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION MACHINES HENCEONAPCCTHEREARESOMEDECKSWHICHARELIFTABLETYPESANDAREADJUSTABLETO ACCOMMODATELARGESIZEVEHICLES. ALIFTABLEDECKGENERALLYHAVEABOUT30TO40PANNELSWHICHMAYBELIFTEDUSINGHYRAULICDEVICE, MOTORWINCHORALIFTERTRUCK.

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERREGARDING LIFTABLEDECKS
1)THELIFTERTRUCKAND/ORMOTORWINCHTOBEKEPTOPERATIONALATALLTIMESASSAMEIS NEGLECTEDWHENNOTINUSE. 2)LIFTERTYPEPRESSURE/CONDITION,BATTERIES,HYDRAULICOILLEVEL,LUBRICATIONOFTHE 2) LIFTER TYPE PRESSURE / CONDITION BATTERIES HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL LUBRICATION OF THE SCISSORSTOBECHECKEDANDKEPTOPERATIONALATALLTIMESEVENWHENNOTINUSE.. 3)WINCH/WIRETYPEOFLIFTINGDEVICETOBEKEPTWELLLUBRICATED. 4)EACHPANELTAKESAPPROX.5MINUTESTOSETINPOSITION,SAMETOBEKEPTINMINDAND PLANNEDACCORDINGLY. 5)SAFETYRAILINGSTOBEFIXEDONLIFTABLEDECKSASREQUIREDANDAPPROPRITEPLACARDS/SIGNS TOBEDISPLAYED. 6)MAKESURETHATTHERESTINGLUGSOFEACHPANELISPROPERLYSETBEFORETHEPANELSARE RESTEDONTHELUGS. 7)WHENLIFTABLEDECKSARENOTINUSETHELUGSTOBESECUREDINSAFEPOSITONSTOPREVENT DAMAGETOVEHICLES.

4SHORERAMPWAY

PCCHASRAMPWAYSFORLOADINGVEHICLESFROM SHORETOTHESHIP.THEYARECALLED STERNRAMPSANDSIDERAMPS.ATYPICALPCCHASTWOCENTRERAMPS(PORTAND STERN RAMPS AND SIDE RAMPS A TYPICAL PCC HAS TWO CENTRE RAMPS ( PORT AND STARBOARD)ANDONESTARBOARDSTERNRAMP. THEREARE3DIFFERENTTYPESOFSTERNRAMP FOREDOWN,AFTDOWNORSLEWING

4SHORERAMPWAY(CONTD)

THEENTRANCEPOSITIONFROMTHECENTRERAMPWAYISCHANGEABLEBYBRINGINGTHERAMPONEOR TWODECKSUPORDOWN. THEABOVEISDONEBECAUSETHEPIERHEIGHTCOULDCHANGEDUETOTIDALCHANGES. THESTERNRAMPWAYISFIXEDFORACERTAINDECKANDCANNOTBECHANGED.THEANGLEOFTHE RAMPWRTBERTHCANBEADJUSTEDWITHTHEHELPOFWEDGES THEREISACERTAINTYPEOFSTERNRAMPKNOWNASSLEWINGRAMP,WHICHCANSWINGPORTAND STARBOARD.

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERDURINGTHE SHORERAMPOPERATION.
1)SHORERAMPANGLEWRTTOJETTYSHOULDBEALWAYSLESSTHAN130ATALLTIMESTOAVOIDDAMAGES TOTHEVEHICLESNOSEAND/ORTAIL. 2)BEFORERESTINGTHERAMPONTHEWHARFRUBBERMATSAND/ORPLYWOODSTOBEPUTUNDERFLAP ENDTOPREVENTWHARFDAMAGE. END TO PREVENT WHARF DAMAGE 3)BEFORELOWERINGTHERAMPMAKESURENOOBSTRUCTIONSLIKEBOLLARDS,JUNCTIONBOXETC..ARE PRESENTUNDERTHERAMPWAY. 4)THEVERTICALCLEARENCEOFTHERAMPSHOULDBECLOSELYMONITOREDWHENTHEREISALARGETIDAL CHANGE. 5)SUFFICIENTSLACKNESSOFTHERAMPWIRESTOBEMAINTAINEDATALLTIMESDURINGCARGO OPERATIONSELSETHEFLAPMAYBELIFTEDUPANDCAUSEVEHICLEDAMAGE. OPERATIONS ELSE THE FLAP MAY BE LIFTED UP AND CAUSE VEHICLE DAMAGE 6)SINCETHEOPPORTUNITYOFCARRYINGOUTRAMPMAINTENANCEISLIMITEDHENCEWHENEVERRAMPIS INLOWEREDPOSITIONCHECKFORANYCRACKSORDETEORATIONOFTHEUNDERSIDEOFTHERAMPWAY. 7)HINGEPINSOFTHERAMPSTOBEINSPECTEDANDLUBRICATEDATEVERYOPPORTUNITYWHENSHIPIS ALONGSIDE. 8)TRACKWAYSOFTHEWEDGESFORCHANGINGTHEANGLEOFTHESTERNRAMPWAYTOBEKEPT LUBRICATEDATALLTIMESFORSMOOTHOPERATIONANDAVOIDINGDELAYS. LUBRICATED AT ALL TIMESFOR SMOOTH OPERATION AND AVOIDING DELAYS. 9)EXCESSIVEGREASEONRAMPWIRETOBEAVOIDEDASSAMEMAYFALLONVEHICLES/RAMPWAYDURING CARGOOPERATION.

5INNERRAMPWAY(FIXEDTYPE)

ONBOARDAPCCONEORTWOFIXEDINNERRAMPWAYSAREPROVIDEDFOREACHDECKTODRIVETHE VEHICLESUPORDOWNTOTHENEXTDECK. NOTEINTHEABOVEDIAGRAMTHEANGLEOFTHERAMPWAYINTHECENTREISGENERALLY13O AND REDUCEDTOHALFAROUND6.5O.THEANGLEOF13O ISFOUNDTOBEASAFEANGLEFORNORMALVEHICLE TODRIVEWITHOUTTHENOSEORTHETALTOUCHINGTHEDECK.IFTHEANGLEINCREASESTHENTHE VEHICLESNOSEORTHETAILMAYTOUCHTHEDECKS.

5INNERRAMPWAY(ADJUSTABLETYPE)

THEABOVEISATYPICALMOVABLEORADJUSTABLETYPEOFRAMPWAY. THEMOVABLETYPEOFRAMPWAYNORMALLYCONSISTOFACOMBINATIONOFAFIXEDSECTIONANDA VARIABLESECTION,LEADINGTOVARIOUSHEIGHTSOFTHELIFTABLEBECKSORTHEFIXEDDECKSABOVEIT. VARIABLE SECTION LEADING TO VARIOUS HEIGHTS OF THE LIFTABLE BECKS OR THE FIXED DECKS ABOVE IT

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERFOR INNERRAMPWAYS

AFTERSETTINGTHEMOVABLETYPERAMPWAYTOITSPOSITIONTHE WIRESTOBEKEPTSLIGHTLYSLACKTOPREVENTTHERAMPWIRESFREE OFTENSIONWHENVEHICLEPASSESOVERTHERAMP. EXPANDEDMETALFORINNERRAMPWAYSTOBECHECKEDFORANY CRACKSTOPREVENTTYRE/VEHICLEDAMGE. RAMPLIFTINGDEVICESINCLUDINGPULLEYS,EYEPADS,RINGSTOBE INSPECTEDFORANYDETEORATION/DAMAGE.

6LASHINGFITTINGS

LASHINGPOINTSAREPROVIDEDONEVERYDECK,THEYARELOCATED600TO1000MMAWAYFROM EACHOTHERINAVERTICALASWELLASHORIZONTALDIRECTIONTOENSUREPROPERANDEFFECTIVE LASHINGIRRESPECTIVEOFTHESIZEOFTHEVEHICLE. LASHINGPOINTSONORDINARYDECKSAREHOLEOF60MMDIAANDLASHINGPOINTSONGASTIGHT DECKSARERINGSOFNORMALLY13MMDIA.LASHINGPOINTSFOREXTRAHEAVYVEHICLESARELASHING RINGSOFABOUT19TO22MMDIAORCLOVERLEAF. LASHINGPOINTSNEARPILLARSOROTHERSTTRUCTUREAREMADEUPOFCRINKLEBARSWELDEDTO LASHING POINTS NEAR PILLARS OR OTHER STTRUCTURE ARE MADE UP OF CRINKLE BARS WELDED TO DECKS.

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERFOR LASHINGFITTINGS

CHECKFORDEFORMATIONOFLASHINGHOLESWHICHMAYRESULTIN CHECK FOR DEFORMATION OF LASHING HOLES WHICH MAY RESULT IN DAMAGETOVEHICLETYRESAND/ORLASHINGHOOKS. LASHINGRINGSTOBEKEPTFREEATALLTIMES.AFTERPAINTINGTHE LASHING RINGS TO BE KEPT FREE AT ALL TIMES. AFTER PAINTING THE RINGSTOBETURNED. SUNKENTYPEOFEYEHOLETOBEKEPTFREEOFWATER.

7LASHINGEQUIPMENTS

THEREAREVARIOUSTYPESOFLASHINGMATERIALSUSEDASSHOWNABOVE,THELASHINGSCARRIEDOUTASPER THESIZEANDTYPESOFVEHICLES.

7LASHINGEQUIPMENTS(CONTD)

8 INHOLDLIGHTINGSYSTEM

ASPERTHERULESEXPLOSIONPROOFORENCLOSEDSPARKPROOF TYPELIGHTINGEQUIPMENTISREQUIREDINAHOLDOFAPCC. TYPE LIGHTING EQUIPMENT IS REQUIRED IN A HOLD OF A PCC INAPCCWHEREASPARKPROOFSYSTEMOFLIGHTING EQUIPMENTISUSEDTHENTHEVENTILATIONFORAREASONABLE PERIODBYTHEINTERLOCKSYSTEMISREQUIREDTODIFFUSETHE GASOLINEVAPOURSPRIORTOTURNINGONTHELIGHTINGSYSYTEM. ASPERMOLSPECSTHENEWBUILTSHIPSREQUIRESANAVERAGE OF45LUXOFLIGHTINGWHICHISEQUIVALENTTOTHENORMAL LIGHTOFCREWQUARTERS.

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERREGARDING LIGHTFITTINGSINHOLD
DURINGBALLASTPASSAGEANDPARTLYLOADEDPASSAGE, WHENEVERPOSSIBLEALLFUSEDLIGHTSTOBEREPLCAED. THEFITTINGSTOBECHECKEDFORANYLOOSECOVERS,FITMENTS, ETC.SOTHATTHEYDONOTFALLONVEHICLESANDDAMAGESAME.. THERSHOULDBEENOUGHSPAREBULBS/TUBESFOR REPLACEMENTSATALLTIMES. NOELECTRICALPLUGPOINTSORLOOSEWIRESTOBEKEPTOPEN.

9HOLDVENTILATION

DURINGCARGOOPERATION,THEPCCHOLDSAREFILLEDWITHEXHAUSTGAS FROMVEHICLES. FORCEDVENTILATIONSYSTEMISUSEDTODIFFUSETHETOXICGAS.

SOLASREGULATIONREGARDINGHOLDVENTILATIONONAPCC. VENTILATIONSYSTEM(SECTIONII2REGULATION5323)

CLOSEDRO/ROCARGOSPACESHALLBEPROVIDEDWITHANEFFECTIVEPOWERVENTILATIONSYSTEM SUFFICIENTTOPROVIDEATLEASTSIXAIRCHANGESPERHOURBASEDONANEMPTYHOLD. VENTILATIONFANSSHALLNORMALLYBERUNCONTINUOUSLYWHENEVERVEHICLESAREONBOARD. WHEREITISIMPRACTICABLE,THEYSHALLBEOPERATEDFORALIMITEDPERIODDAILYASWEATHER WHERE IT IS IMPRACTICABLE THEY SHALL BE OPERATEDFOR A LIMITED PERIOD DAILYAS WEATHER PERMITSANDINANYCASEFORAREASONABLEPERIODPRIORTODISCHARGE,AFTERWHICHPERIODTHE ROROSPACESHALLBEPROVEDGASFREE.ONEORMOREPORTABLEGASDETECTINGINSTRUMENTSSHALL BECARRIEDFORTHISPURPOSE.THESYSTEMSHALLBEENTIRELYSEPARATEFROMOTHERVENTILATING SYSTEMS.VENTILATIONDUCTSSERVINGROROCARGOSPACESCAPABLEOFBEINGEFFECTIVELYSEALED SHALLBESEPARATEFROMEACHCARGOSPACE.THEADMINISTRATIONMAYREQUIREANINCREASED SHALL BE SEPARATE FROM EACH CARGO SPACE THE ADMINISTRATION MAY REQUIRE AN INCREASED NUMBEROFAIRCHANGESWHENVEHICLESAREBEINGLOADEDORUNLOADED.THESYSTEMSHALLBE CAPABLEOFBEINGCONTROLLEDFROMAPOSITIONOUTSIDESUCHSPACES. ASPERMOLDESIGNOFVESSELTHESUPPLYOFAIRBYMECHANICALVENTILATIONISDESIGNEDFOR20 AS PER MOL DESIGN OF VESSEL THE SUPPLY OF AIR BY MECHANICAL VENTILATION IS DESIGNED FOR 20 CHANGESPERHOURANDFOREXHAUSTITISDESIGNEDFOR6CHANGESPERHOUR,HENCESUPPLYIS MOREPOWERFULLTHANEXHAUST.

BUTSUPPLYOFAIRMAYSOMETIMESCAUSEPROBLEMSFORVEHICLESNEAR BUT SUPPLY OF AIR MAY SOMETIMES CAUSE PROBLEMS FOR VEHICLES NEAR THEAIRVENTS.

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERREGARDING VENTILATIONSYSTEM
1)MAINTENANCEOFVENTILATIONDAMPERSARENEGLECTEDQUITEOFTENANDITHAPPENSTHATTHE PULLEYSARENOTGREASEDASREQUIREDRESULTINGINFROZENPULLEYS.ITISOFUTMOSTIMPORTANCE THATMAINTENANCEOFDAMPERSANDASSOCIATEDFITTINGSAREPROPERLYCARRIEDOUTFORCLOSING THEDAMPERSINTIMEWHENREQUIREDELSECARGODAMAGEMAYOCCUR.PACKINGFORVENTDAMPERSTO BECHECKEDREGULARLY. BE CHECKED REGULARLY 2)MAINTENANCEOFTHEINSIDEOFTHEVENTILATIONDUCTISSLIGHTLYDIFFICULTANDHENCE NEGLECTEDWHICHRESULTSINEXCESSIVERUSTFORMATIONANDSUBSEQUENTLYDETEORATIONOFTHE AREA.ITISTOBECHECKEDASANDWHENSITUATIONPERMITSANDMAINTAINSAME.IFCANNOTBEDONE ONBOARDDUETOITSDIFFICULTACCESSTHENSHOULDBECARRIEDOUTINDRYDOCKPOSITIVELY. 3)ALLLOOSERUSTSINTHEBASEOFTHEVENTTRUNKACCUMULATEDSHOULDBESWEPTCLEANELSEIT MAYDAMGETHEVEHICLESCLOSETOTHEVENTOPENINGWHENTHEVENTILATIONCOMMENCES. 4)CARESHOULDBETAKENTHATDURINGCARGOOPERATIONSTHEG/T/W/TDOORSAREOPENPRIORTO STARTINGTHEVENTILATIONSYSTEMINTHESUPPLYMODEFORTHATPARTICULARAREA. 5)PRIORTOSTARTINGTHEVENTIALTIONSYSTEMTHEENGINEERONDUTYSHOULDBEINFORMEDSOAS TOKEEPACHECKONTHELOADBUILTUPONTHEGENERATORS. 6)VENTILATIONSHOULDBESTOPPEDIMMEDIATELYINCASEOFSNAOW,RAIN,SEAWATER,SPRAY, FREEZINGWINDANDBADSEACONDITION. 7)INANYCASETHEVENTILATIONINSTALLEDONTHEFOCSLEDECKSHOULDBECLOSEDBEFORESAILING.

STOPVENTILATION

DURINGBADWEATHERSUCHASHIGHSEAS,RAINETC.ALLVENTILATIONSHOULDBESTOPPEDANDALL DAMPERSSHOULDBECLOSEDTOPREVENTWATERFROMENTERINGTHECARGOSPACES. SS O C OS O O G C GO S C S

10IN HOLDFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSTEM

REFERTOSOLASREGULATION53(FIREPROTECTION REFER TO SOLAS REGULATION 53 (FIRE PROTECTION ARRANGEMENTSINCARGOSPACES),PARAGRAPH2(RO ROCARGOSPACES) TOINCLUDEPAGE243OFSOLASASHANDOUT

TYPICALARRANGEMENTOFFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSYTEMIN CARGOHOLDS
FIXEDFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSTEM: GASFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSTEM(CONSISTSOFMAINLY GAS FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM ( CONSISTS OF MAINLY CO2) FIREHYDRANTS. PORTABLEFIREEXTINGUISHERS.(MAINLYDCP) PORTABLEFOAMAPPLICATOR PORTABLE FOAM APPLICATOR IN HOLDFIREDETECTIONSYSTEM.

TYPICALARRANGEMENTOFFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSYTEMIN CARGOHOLDS
FIXEDFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSTEM: GASFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSTEM(CONSISTSOFMAINLY GAS FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM ( CONSISTS OF MAINLY CO2) FIREHYDRANTS. PORTABLEFIREEXTINGUISHERS.(MAINLYDCP) PORTABLEFOAMAPPLICATOR PORTABLE FOAM APPLICATOR IN HOLDFIREDETECTIONSYSTEM.

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERFORFIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSTEMSFORCARGO HOLDS
1)ALLFIREEXTINGUISHERSTOBECHECKEDFORPROPERWORKING ) CONDITIONANDKEPTINOPERATIONALREADINESS. 2)FIREEXTINGUISHERHOLDINGBRACKETSSHOULDBECHECKEDASWEAK BRACKETSMAYCAUSETHEFIREEXTINGUISHERSTOFALLDOWNAND BRACKETS MAY CAUSE THE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS TO FALL DOWN AND DAMAGETHEVEHICLES. 3)FIREHYDRANTCAPSTOBEKEPTCLOSEDATALLTIMESTOPREVENT LEAKAGEOFSEAWATERINHOLDSANDCONSEQUENTLYONTOVEHICLES. REMEMBER: SEAWATER IS LIKE POISON FOR VEHICLES SEAWATERISLIKEPOISONFORVEHICLES 4)AFTERANYOPERATIONOFFIREPUMPSFORDECKWATERTHEHOLDSTO BECHECKEDFORANYLEAKAGES,SPECIALLYDURINGLOADEDVOYAGES. 5)FOAMAPPLICATORUNITSTOBECHECKEDFORLEAKAGESFROMTHE CONTAINERSTOPREVENTDAMAGESTOVEHICLES. 6)CO2LINESTOBEBLOWNTHROUGHATREGULARINTERVALALONGWITH THEAIRHORNS.

FIREEXTINGUISHINGSYSTEMSINHOLDS

NOSMOKINGSIGNSHOULDBE NO SMOKING SIGN SHOULD BE MARKEDINHOLDS

FIREHYDRANTS,HOSE&NOZZLE SHOULDBEEASILYACCESSIBLE

11EQUIPMENTSONBOARDFORPREVENTINGCARGOACCIDENTS/ DAMAGES
ANTI SLIPPINGEQUIPMENT SHORERAMP:NONSKIDBAR INNERRAMP:EXPANDINGMETAL SAFETYWALK:NONSKIDTAPE SPONGYTIGERMARKSHEET,REFLECTINGTAPESANDFLOURESCENTPAINTS AROUNDPILLARSTOPREVENTSCRATCHES. AROUND PILLARS TO PREVENT SCRATCHES MEASURESTOPREVENTFALLINGOFMETALLICFIXTURES COVERPLACEDUNDERCLOVERLEAF EXTERNALFRAMESLOTSCLOSED. COAMINGPLATEINOUTSIDEPLATINGSIDEOFLIFTABLEDECK SLANTPLATELOCATEDATBOTHENDSOFHOLDRAMPWAYSTOFACILITATEEASY SLANT PLATE LOCATED AT BOTH ENDS OF HOLD RAMPWAYS TO FACILITATE EASY VEHICLETURNS. GUTTERWAYANDCOAMINGINOUTSIDEPLATINGOFCARDECK(G/TDECK GUTTER WAY AND COAMING IN OUTSIDE PLATING OF CAR DECK (G/T DECK UNDERWATERLINEONLY)TOPREVENTSWEATING. SAFETYCONE,STOPMARK,AROWSIGNAL,CHAIN,SAFETYNETETC

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERFORINHOLDEQUIPMENTSTO PREVENTCARGOACCIDENTS/DAMAGES
NONSKIDBARSONSHORERAMPWAYTOCHECKFORDEFORMATION.ANY SHARPEDGESWILLCAUSETYREDAMAGE. EXPANDINGMETALONSHORERAMPWAYTOBECHECKEDFORCRACKS. EXPANDING METAL ON SHORE RAMPWAY TO BE CHECKED FOR CRACKS DAMAGEDSAFETYWALKSTOBEREPLACEDIMMEDIATELY.DONOTPAINT OVERANTISKIDTAPES PILLARSORSTRUCTURESNEARTURNINGAREATOBECOVEREDWITHTIGER COUSHIONTAPESTOPREVENTHITDAMAGE. SAFETYCONES,STOPMARKS,ARROWSIGNALSETCTOBEKEPTSECURED AFTERCARGOOPERATIONS. STOPMARKSWHICHAREHUNGNEARDEADENDSORDANGEROUSOPENINGS TOBEKEPTSECUREDTOPREVENTSWINGINGDURINGVOYAGEANDTOUCHING ANYVEHICLENEARBY. ANY VEHICLE NEARBY THEEYESOFTHESTANCHIONSSHOULDBETURNEDINWARDS.

12EQUIPMENTSINCARGOHOLDFORPREVENTINGHUMANINJURY

WALKWAYS SAFETYROPES SAFETYPLACARDS ADEQUATELIGHTS

IMPORTANTPOINTSTOREMEMBERFOREQUIPMENTSINCARGO HOLDFORPREVENTINGHUMANINJURY

WALKWAYTOBEKEPTFREEOFANYOBSTRUCTION. SAFETYROPESTOBEPUTIMMEDIATELYAFTERSHIFTINGTHE LIFTABLEPANNELSORFORANYDANGEROUSOPENING.SEVERAL INJURIESTOPERSONNELHAVETAKENPLACEFORNEGLIGENCEOR INJURIES TO PERSONNEL HAVE TAKEN PLACE FOR NEGLIGENCE OR DELAYINFIXINGTHESAFETYROPE. WORKENVIRONMENTSHOULDBEWELILLUMINATED.ANYFUSED LIGHTSTOBEREPLACEDIMMEDIATELY. LIGHTS TO BE REPLACED IMMEDIATELY USESAFETYCONESANDAPPROPRIATEPLACARDSFORDANGEROUS OPENINGS.

5.MajorAccidentswithRo/RoShips 5. Major Accidents with Ro/Ro Ships

Estonia(1994),852casualties Estonia (1994) 852 casualties
HeraldofFreeEnterprise (1987),193casualties (1987) 193 casualties

MVCougarAce

ShipsinksafterChannelcollision

ANorwegiancarcarrierhassunkintheEnglishChannelaftercollidingwitha containershipinthickfogintheearlyhoursofSaturday

Wahine disaster

TheTEVWahine listsheavilytostarboard asitsinksinWellington Harbour.Lifeboatsfromtheshipcanbeseentotheleft. H b Lif b t f th hi b t th l ft

THEEND THE END

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