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Code No: RR312303 Set No.

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III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
BIO-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. For a second order reaction 2HI → H2 + I2 , the following rate constants were
obtained at various temperatures. Estimate the Arrhenius parameters. Also deter-
mine by what factor the rate increases when the temperature raises from 3000 C to
3100 C. [16]
−5 −4 −4 −3 −2
Rate Constant ‘K’ : 1.78×10 1.07×10 3.07×10 1.05×10 1.51×10
lit

M ol sec
Temperature 0 K : 633 667 697 715 781

2. An industrial waste-water stream is fed to a stirred tank reactor continuously and


the cells are recycled back to the reactor from the bottom of the sedimentation
tank placed after the reactor. The following are given for the system.
lit
F = 100 hr S0 = 5000mg/lit µM ax = 0.25 hr−1
Ks =200 mg/lit α(Recycle ratio) = 0.6C
Cell concentration factor C=2.
M
Yx/s =0.4. The effluent concentration is desired to be 100 mg/lit.

(a) Determine the Required Reactor volume.


(b) Determine the cell concentration in the reactor and in the recycle stream.
[8+8]

3. A Homogenous liquid phase reaction A→R −rA = K CA2 takes place with 50%
conversion in a mixed Reactor.

(a) What will be the conversion if this reactor is replaced by one 6 times are large
all else remaining unchanged?
(b) What will be the conversion if the original reactor is replaced by a plug flow
reactor of equal size all else remaining unchanged? [8+8]

4. Equimolar quantities of A, B and D are continuously fed to a mixed flow reactor.


The elementary reactions that proceed in the reactor are as follows:
K1 K2
A + D −→ P; B + D −→ Q

Given K1 /K2 = 0.2, calculate the fraction of ‘P’ forced when

(a) 50% of A is consumed and


(b) 50% of D is consumed [8+8]

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Code No: RR312303 Set No. 1
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5. The Reversible first order Gas reaction A ←→ R is to be carried out in a mixed
2
flow Reactor. For operations at 300 K, the volume of Reactor required is 100 liters
for 60% conversion of A. What should be the volume of the reactor for the same
feed rate and conversion but with operations at 400 K? [16]
2415
Date K1 = 103 e−
T
∆Cp = CPR − CPA = 0
∆Hr = −8000 Cal/mol at 300K
K = 10 at 300 K
F eed consists of P ure ‘A′ total pressure stays cons tan t
6. Develop an expression for external age distribution of N number of equal sized back
mixed reactor in series assuming tank in series model holds good. [16]

7. Write short notes on

(a) RTD
(b) State of aggregation
(c) Earliness and latensess of mixing [6+6+4]

8. Explain in detail the stiochiometry involved in the cell growth? [16]

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Code No: RR312303 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
BIO-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Define the following terms: order of a reaction, molecularity, elementary and
non-elementary reactions.
(b) Explain the term steady-state approximation ? [8+8]

2. Consider a 1000-litre CSTR in which Biomass is being produced with glucose as


the substrate. The Microbial system follows a Monod relationship with µM ax =0.4
hr−1 , Ks = 1.5 g/litre and the yield factor Yx/s =0.5 g ggsubstrate
biomass
consumed. If Normal
operation is with a sterile feed containing 10g/lit glucose at the rate of 100 lit/hr.

(a) What is the specific Biomass production rate at steady state?


lit
(b) If Recycle is used with a recycle stream of 10 hr and a recycle biomass con-
centration five times as large as that in the reactor exit, what would be the
new specific biomass production rate? [8+8]

3. (a) One liter/min of liquid containing A and B (CAO =0.10 mol/liter, CB0 =0.01
mol/liter flow into a mixed Reactor of volume V=1 liter. The materials react
in a complex manner for which the stiochiometry is unknown. The outlet
stream from the reactor contains A, B, and C (CAf =0.02 Mol/liter). Find the
rate of reaction of A, B and C for the conditions with in the reactor?
(b) Pure Gaseous Reactant A (CA0 =100 Milli Mol/liter) is fed at steady Rate into
a mixed Reactor (V=0.1 liter) where it dimerizes (2A- - - R). For different gas
feed rates the following data are obtained.

Run Number 1 2 3 4
V0 lit./hr 30.0 9.0 3.5 1.5
CA , out M ilLit
lim ol
85.7 66.7 50 33.3
Find a Rate equation for this reaction. [4+12]

4. Equimolar quantities of A, B and D are continuously fed to a mixed flow reactor.


The elementary reactions that proceed in the reactor are as follows:
K1 K2
A + D −→ P; B + D −→ Q

Given K1 /K2 = 0.2, calculate the fraction of ‘P’ forced when

(a) 50% of A is consumed and


(b) 50% of D is consumed [8+8]

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Code No: RR312303 Set No. 2
5. A tubular-flow reactor is to be designed for the production of butadiene from butene
by the gas phase reaction
C4 H8 → C4 H6 + H2
The composition of the feed is 10 moles of steam per mole of butene and no bu-
tadiene. The hydrogen operates at 2 atmospheres pressure with an inlet (feed)
temperature of 12000 F. The reaction rate follows a first order, irreversible reaction
for which the rate constant ‘K’ as a function of temperature is

T,K 922(12000 F) 900 877 855 832


K 11.0 4.90 2.04 0.85 0.32
 
K = Im ol Butene reacted
(Hour / Liter) atm

The heat of reaction may be taken as constant and equal to ∆HR =26360 cal/gmol.
The specific heat of the feed stream may be regarded as constant and equal to 0.5
But/lb 0 R.
What would be the volume required for a conversion of 20% if the reactor were op-
erated isothermally at 12000 F with a butene plus steam feed rate of 22 lb mol/hr.

[16]

6. Explain in detail about models for Non-Ideal reactors? [16]

7. Explain about Tracer pulse experiment to calculate conversion with respect to


tanks-in-series model? [16]

8. Explain in detail the stiochiometry involved in the cell growth? [16]

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Code No: RR312303 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
BIO-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Define the following terms: order of a reaction, molecularity, elementary and
non-elementary reactions.
(b) Explain the term steady-state approximation ? [8+8]

2. (a) Explain the significance of dissolved oxygen stat?


(b) Explain the significance of PH stat? [8+8]

3. A first order reaction is to be treated in a series of two mixed reaction. Show that
the total volume of the two reactions is minimum, when the reactions are equal in
size? [16]

4. For the elementary reactions as shown in figure below 4

Figure 4
(a) Show that for plug flow that
K +K
In( 1 2 3 )
  
CRM ax K1 K2 K2
CAO
= K1 +K3 K1 +K3 K1 −K2 +K3
at τopt = K1 −K2 +K3
CRM ax K1 1
(b) Show that for mixed flow that = √ √ at τopt = √
CAO ( K1 +K3 + K2 )2 K 2 (K1 +K3 )
[8+8]

5. Explain Rate, Temperature and conversion profiles for exothermic and endothermic
Reactions in Adiabatic flow Reactors? [16]

6. A closed vessel has flow for which UDL =0.2 to represent the vessel by the tanks in
series model. What value of ‘N’ should be selected ? [16]

7. The flow characteristics of a continuous reactor are studied by suddenly introducing


a quantity of miscible tracer into the feed stream. The concentrations of tracer in
the effluent at various times after the instant of addition are

Tmin 0.1 0.2 1.0 2.0 3.0 10 30


Tracer concentration mg/liter 0.02 0.17 0.15 0.125 0.07 0.02 0.001

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Code No: RR312303 Set No. 3
(a) What type of ideal reactor does the actual vessel closely approach.
(b) If an isothermal first order reaction K1 = 0.15 M in−1 occurs in the vessel,
what conversion may be expected ? [8+8]

8. Explain in detail the stiochiometry involved in the cell growth? [16]

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Code No: RR312303 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
BIO-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. For a gas phase reaction A → 2R, the following data were obtained at 1000 C in a
constant volume batch reactor. Find the rate equation which will satisfactorily fit
the data. [16]
Time (Min) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
Total Pressure (atm) 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.0 2.03 2.08 2.1 2.15

2. (a) What are the advantages of continuous Bioreactors over Batch Bioreactors?
(b) If continuous Bioreactors have so many advantages over batch bioreactors,
why they are not widely used in industry? [8+8]

3. From the following data find a satisfactory rate equation for the Gas phase decom-
position A→R+S taking place isothermally in a mixed reactor. [16]

Run Number 1 2 3 4 5
λBased on Inlet feed conditons (Sec) 0.423 5.1 13.5 44.0 19.2
XA (for CA0 =0.002 Mol/lit) 0.22 0.63 0.75 0.88 0.96
4. Equimolar quantities of A, B and D are continuously fed to a mixed flow reactor.
The elementary reactions that proceed in the reactor are as follows:
K1 K2
A + D −→ P; B + D −→ Q

Given K1 /K2 = 0.2, calculate the fraction of ‘P’ forced when

(a) 50% of A is consumed and


(b) 50% of D is consumed [8+8]

5. Explain Rate, Temperature and conversion profiles for exothermic and endothermic
Reactions in Adiabatic flow Reactors? [16]

6. Develop an expression for external age distribution of N number of equal sized back
mixed reactor in series assuming tank in series model holds good. [16]

7. Explain about Tracer pulse experiment to calculate conversion with respect to


tanks-in-series model? [16]

8. The Reactor with a rate expression µ= µmaxS


Ks+S
is carried out in a series of two stirred
tanks of equal size. Calculate the dilution rate required to reduced the substrate
concentration to 50 gm/lit with sterile feed given µ.max = 1hr−1 S0 =20 gm/lit
Ks =2 gm/lit Yx/s =0.6? [16]

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Code No: RR312303 Set No. 4
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