r05311804 Iron Making

Code No: R05311804 Set No.
1
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
IRON MAKING
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. Explain how iron ores are classified based on:
(a) Structure and texture

(b) Nature of associated gangue with ore [8+8]
2. Explain the following terms:
(a) Decrepitation
(b) LTBT
(c) RDI
(d) RI
(e) CRI
(f) CSR [16]
3. (a) What is blending? Why is it necessary?

(b) What are the important functions of coke in iron making?
(c) What is coking coal? What are different types of coking coals? [4+6+6]
4. (a) Draw the relevant H2 /H2 O versus temperature for various iron oxides and
discuss them.
(b) What are the advantages of H2 as a reducing agent?
(c) What is direct and indirect reduction of iron ore? [8+4+4]
5. Write short notes on any TWO of the following:
(a) Disposal of slag

(b) Disposal of metal
(c) Chemistry of sulphur in blast furnace. [8+8]
6. (a) What is blast furnace performance? How is it affected by sizing of blast furnace
materials?
(b) Compare the use of sinter, pellets and natural ore as the blast furnace burden.
[8+8]
7. (a) Give a brief classification of sponge iron making.

(b) With a neat sketch describe HYL process.
1 of 2
Code No: R05311804 Set No. 1
(c) What are the advantages of sponge iron? [5+6+5]
8. (a) Explain the furnace lining, for the working hearth of reverberatory furnace
used in the production of wrought iron.
(b) What do you mean by the term fettling in the reverberatory furnace used in
the production of wrought iron. Explain the various materials used in the
fettling. Explain why siliceous lime should not be used for fettling. [8+8]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2 of 2
IRON MAKING
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. (a) What type of particles tend to form ridges/crests and troughs? Why?
(b) List down the factors which influence distribution of burden in blast furnace.
(c) How do the following influence burden distribution in blast furnace ?
i. Size range of charge materials
ii. Angle of repose
iii. Density [5+2+9]
2. (a) What is induration of pellets? Explain the various steps to be followed during
induration of pellets.
(b) Compare the firing cycle of pelletising in different types of induration units
used in pelletisation. [8+8]
3. (a) What are the different modes of cooling arrangements made to blast furnace?
Explain them.
(b) What are the different types of coolers arranged to the shaft region of blast
furnace? Explain.
(c) Explain charge hoisting system of blast furnace. [5+5+6]
4. (a) What is the problem of alumina in blast furnace burden?

(b) What is desulphurising index? How is it derived?
(c) What is the role of desulphurising index in blast furnace operation? [6+6+4]
5. Write short notes on:
(a) External desulphurization

(b) External desiliconisation. [8+8]
6. Write short notes on the following:
(a) Humidification of the blast

(b) Blowing out of a blast furnace. [8+8]
7. (a) What are the alternative routes of iron making?

(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of low shaft furnace?
(c) What are the advantages and disadvantages of electrical energy? [6+5+5]
1 of 2
8. (a) Explain the furnace lining, for the working hearth of reverberatory furnace
used in the production of wrought iron.
(b) What do you mean by the term fettling in the reverberatory furnace used in
the production of wrought iron. Explain the various materials used in the
fettling. Explain why siliceous lime should not be used for fettling. [8+8]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2 of 2
IRON MAKING
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. What are the various methods of agglomeration of iron ores? Briefly explain each
method. [16]
2. (a) Explain various types of zones in a sinter bed after the ignition of the top
layer.
(b) List out the sintering process variables and explain. [8+8]
3. (a) Explain any two methods of primary gas cleaning system with neat sketches.
(b) Explain the utilisation of blast furnace gas in an integrated steel plant. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain the role of Ellingham diagram for oxides in the blast furnace operation.
(b) What are the reactions occur in the shaft of the blast furnace? Explain.
(c) What is the importance of race way in blast furnace operation? [8+4+4]
5. (a) What are the factors that affect the sulphur transfer from metal to slag during
blast furnace operation? Explain.
(b) How the sulphur in final metal can be controlled in iron production by blast
furnace route? [10+6]
(a) Humidification of the blast

(b) Blowing out of a blast furnace. [8+8]
(a) COREX process

(b) HyL process. [8+8]
8. (a) Compare and contrast the elastic properties of wrought iron and mild steel.
(b) Explain the important and useful properties of wrought iron.
(c) Briefly discuss about the corrosive properties of wrought iron. [6+6+4]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1 of 1
IRON MAKING
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. (a) How pig iron was named? Explain.

(b) What were the drawbacks of the earlier iron ore smelting processes? How they
were overcome? Explain. [4+12]
2. (a) What are the raw material requirements to make a good sinter? Explain.
(b) What are the latest trends in sintering practice and how they were achieved?
[8+8]
3. (a) What factors affect failure of lining in a blast furnace?
(b) Discuss about the lining of a blast furnace. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain Rist diagram.
(b) Explain the reactions in tuyere zone of blast furnace. [8+8]
5. (a) What is the chemistry of sulphur reactions in blast furnace?
(b) What is the effect of slag volume and basicity on removal of sulphur in blast
furnace? [8+8]
6. What are the irregularities encountered in blast furnace operation? Explain the
causes and remedies for any four irregularities. [16]
7. An iron blast furnace produces pig iron with the composition of Fe - 92.8%, C -
3.8%, Si - 2.1%, P - 0.9% and Mn - 0.4%. The composition of ore smelted is Fe2 O3 -
78.0%, SiO2 - 8.4%, MnO - 0.6%, Al2 O3 - 5.0%, P2 O5 - 1.7%, MgO - 1.2% and H2 O
- 5.1%. The flux amounts to one-fourth the weight of the ore and is composed of
CaCO3 - 96.0%, MgCO3 - 2.0% and SiO2 - 2.0%. The coke used is 900 Kg per ton
of pig iron and contains 88.0% C, 9.0% SiO2 , 2.0% H2 O and 1.0% Al2 O3 . Assume
that 99.5% of the iron is reduced and remaining is slagged. Given: The atomic
weights are as follows: Fe - 56, Si - 28, Mn - 55, Ca - 40, P - 31 and Mg - 24.
Calculate
(a) The weight of the ore used
(b) Weight of slag made per 1000 Kg of pig iron made. [8+8]
8. (a) What are the properties and uses of wrought iron?
(b) Describe the process of wrought iron production. [8+8]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1 of 1

r05311804 Iron Making

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

r05311804 Iron Making

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Code No: R05311804 Set No.

1. Explain how iron ores are classified based on:

(a) Structure and texture

2. Explain the following terms:

3. (a) What is blending? Why is it necessary?

5. Write short notes on any TWO of the following:

(a) Disposal of slag

7. (a) Give a brief classification of sponge iron making.

4. (a) What is the problem of alumina in blast furnace burden?

5. Write short notes on:

(a) External desulphurization

6. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Humidification of the blast

7. (a) What are the alternative routes of iron making?

6. Write short notes on the following:

(a) Humidification of the blast

7. Write short notes on the following:

(a) COREX process

1. (a) How pig iron was named? Explain.

You might also like