Code No: RR220802 Set No.

1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Name and explain the two different approaches in the study of thermodynam-
ics.
(b) State whether supercooled liquid water, that is water at a temperature below
0 o C, is in a state of equilibrium. Classify the equilibrium state. [8+8]

2. (a) The properties of a closed system undergo change following the relation PV=
4 and P is in bar and V in metre3 . Calculate the work done when P increases
from 2.5 bar to 8 bar.
∂T
= − ∂P



(b) Show that ∂V s ∂S v
[8+8]

3. During winter season a room measuring 5 × 6 × 3 m3 is heated electrically from

initial temperature of 00 C to 200 C. The air pressure inside the room is the same as
that of surroundings and is equal to 74 cm of Hg. The pressure remains constant
during the heating process. The heat capacity of furniture and walls is 32 kJ / K.
The specific heat of air is 1.005 kJ / kg K. Calculate the amount of electric energy
required for heating the room. How much air escapes through gaps and windows
during this period? [16]

4. (a) Differentiate between adiabatic and non-adiabatic process

(b) Calculate Cp and Cv of air if 0.46 kg of air at 1790 C expands adiabatically to
three times of its original volume. During this expansion process the temper-
ature drops to 15.50 C. The work done by the air is 52.
(c) What is equation of state and explain any equation of state known to you.
[6+5+5]

5. (a) What is the physical significance of the compressibility factor? Explain.

(b) Determine the specific volume of superheated steam at 2 bar and 1500 C using,
i. the steam tables
ii. the ideal-gas equation of state, and
iii. the generalized compressibility chart.
What is the error involved in (ii) and (iii)? [6+10]

6. A reversible engine is supplied with heat from two constant temperature sources
at 900K and 600K and rejects heat to a constant temperature sink at 300K. The
engine develops work equivalent to 90KJ /sec and rejects heat at the rate of 56Kj
/ sec. Estimate

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Code No: RR220802 Set No. 1
(a) Heat supplied by each source
(b) Thermal efficiency of the system.

7. (a) Write and explain various ways to achieve low temprature.

(b) Two identical bodies of mass m with specific heat C are available at the same
temperature T1 .It is desired to operate refrigerator between these bodies and
cool one of the bodies to a temperature of T2 . Determine the maximum amount
of work required for this task. [8+8]

8. (a) Explain Cloude’s process for air liquefaction with neat sketch. Show it by T-S
diagram.
(b) Obtain the relation for the COP of an absorption-refrigeration process. [8+8]

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Code No: RR220802 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Name and explain the two different approaches in the study of thermodynam-
ics.
(b) State whether supercooled liquid water, that is water at a temperature below
0 o C, is in a state of equilibrium. Classify the equilibrium state. [8+8]

2. The piston of a piston cylinder device containing a gas has a mass of 75 Kg. Diam-
eter of piston is 250 mm. The local atmospheric pressure is 0.97 bar gravitational
acceleration is 9.8 m/second square.

(a) Determine the pressure inside the cylinder.

(b) If some heat is transferred and its volume doubles, do you expect the pressure
inside the cylinder to change. [8+8]

3. Derive the steady flow energy equation and write the assumptions. [16]

4. (a) Differentiate between adiabatic and non-adiabatic process

(b) Calculate Cp and Cv of air if 0.46 kg of air at 1790 C expands adiabatically to
three times of its original volume. During this expansion process the temper-
ature drops to 15.50 C. The work done by the air is 52.
(c) What is equation of state and explain any equation of state known to you.
[6+5+5]

5. Steam gas at a temperature of 375 K has a specific volume of 0.0037 m3 /kg.

Determine the pressure using steam table and following equations..

(a) the van der Waals equation of state

(b) the Beattie-Bridgeman equation of state, and
(c) the Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state [4x4]

6. (a) An inventor claims to have developed an engine that takes in 25,000(J)/(s)

at a temperature of rejects 12,000 (J)/(s) at a temperature of 200(K), and
delivers 15(kW) of mechanical power. Would you advice investing money to
put this engine on the market?
(b) State the carnot theorems.
(c) Write shortnotes on heat engine. [7+5+4]

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Code No: RR220802 Set No. 2
7. Two vessels of 0.3m3 each are connected by a valve and insulated from each other
and from the surroundings. One compartment contains saturated steam at 7 ×
105 N/m2 , and the other compartment contains steam at the same temperature but
at a pressure of 1 × 105 N/m2 . The valve is opened and the pressures allowed to
equalize. What is the change in entropy of the system consisting of the two vessels?
[16]

8. A house has a winter heating requirement of 30 kJs−1 and a summer cooling re-
quirement of 60 kJ s−1 . Consider a heat pump installation to maintain the house
temperature at 200 C in winter and 250 C in summer. This requires circulation of
the refrigerant through interior exchanger coils at 300 C in winter and 50 C in sum-
mer. Underground coils provide the heat source in winter and heat sink in summer.
For a year-round ground temperature of 150 C, the heat transfer characteristics of
the coils necessitate refrigerant temperatures of 100 C in winter and 250 C in sum-
mer. What are the minimum power requirements for winter heating and summer
cooling? [16]

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Code No: RR220802 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Define and explain the terms temperature. Further, compare the various tem-
perature scales.
(b) Define work and heat in thermodynamic sense and bring out the comparison
between them. [8+8]

2. Discuss flow work and heat content of a system. Differentiate between the flow
work and non flow work by drawing a PV diagram. [16]

3. (a) What are the forms of energy that are considered to be energy in transit across
the boundary of the system? What are those that are contained in the body
or system?
(b) The internal energy U t of an amount of a gas is given by U t = 0.01 P V t , where
P is in kPa and V t is in m3 . The gas undergoes a mechanically reversible
process from an initial state at 10,000 kPa and 250 K. During the process
V t is held constant and equal to 0.3 m3 and P increases by 50%. Determine
values for Q and ∆ H t in kJ. [8+8]

4. Derive the governing equation for the adiabatic process for all thermodynamic
properties. [16]

5. Steam gas at a temperature of 375 K has a specific volume of 0.0037 m3 /kg.

Determine the pressure using steam table and following equations..

(a) the van der Waals equation of state

(b) the Beattie-Bridgeman equation of state, and
(c) the Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state [4x4]

6. (a) Explain in detail the carnot cycle of the heat engine and applicability of second
law of thermodynamics.
(b) Write briefly about the limitations and real process of second law of thermo-
dynamics [8+8]

7. (a) A kilogram of water at 273(K) is brought into contact with a heat reservoir
at 373(K). When the liquid water has reached 373(K), what is the entropy
change of the water? Of the heat reservoir? What is ∆ Stotal ?
(b) If the water had been heated from 273 to 373(K) by first bringing it in contact
with a reservoir at 323(K) and then with a reservoir at 373(K), what would
have been ∆ Stotal ? [8+8]

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Code No: RR220802 Set No. 3
8. Mention the applications of liquefied gases and explain the processes to achieve
them. [16]

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Code No: RR220802 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Name and explain the two different approaches in the study of thermodynam-
ics.
(b) State whether supercooled liquid water, that is water at a temperature below
0 o C, is in a state of equilibrium. Classify the equilibrium state. [8+8]

2. The piston of a piston cylinder device containing a gas has a mass of 75 Kg. Diam-
eter of piston is 250 mm. The local atmospheric pressure is 0.97 bar gravitational
acceleration is 9.8 m/second square.

(a) Determine the pressure inside the cylinder.

(b) If some heat is transferred and its volume doubles, do you expect the pressure
inside the cylinder to change. [8+8]

3. Derive the expression of the first law for steady flow process with neat sketch. [16]

4. (a) Differentiate between adiabatic and non-adiabatic process

(b) Calculate Cp and Cv of air if 0.46 kg of air at 1790 C expands adiabatically to
three times of its original volume. During this expansion process the temper-
ature drops to 15.50 C. The work done by the air is 52.
(c) What is equation of state and explain any equation of state known to you.
[6+5+5]

5. (a) What are limitations of virial equation?

(b) What is general cubic equation of state?
(c) Define acentric factor.
(d) Calculate the mass of ethane contained in a 0.5m3 cylinder at 650 C and 100
bar using pitzer correlation for the second virial coefficient.
Tc=305.4 K Pc=48.8 bar and ω=0.098. [4x4]

6. (a) Discuss the various ways to improve efficiency of a heat engine.

(b) A system absorbs 100 kJ energy from a body at 5000 C and does 50 kJ work.
If it is required to restore the system to its original state, is it possible to do
so by an adiabatic process? [8+8]

7. A conventional vapor compression refrigeration system with a throttle valve uses

water as the refrigerant. If the evaporator is operated at 40 C, the condenser at

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Code No: RR220802 Set No. 4
300 C, for a 1000 kJ/s heat absorption rate, determine circulation rate of the refrig-
erant, power requirement, COP of the system. Efficiency of the compressor is 0.75.
Heat capacity of water vapor is 4.184 kJ/kg-K. The enthalpy and entropy data is
given below.
Temperature0 C Enthalpy of Entropy of Enthalpy of Entropy of
saturated liquid saturated liquid saturated saturated
vapour vapour
[16]
(kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K) (kJ/kg) (kJ/kg-K)
4 ——- ——- 2508.9 9.0526
30 125.7 ——– 2556.4 8.4546

8. (a) Explain absorption compression refrigeration cycle and derive the relation for
the COP.
(b) A house has a winter heating requirement of 30kJ/s and a summer cooling
requirement of 60 kJ/s. Consider a heat pump installation to maintain the
house temperature of 200 C in winter and 250 C in summer. This require cir-
culation of the refrigerant through interior exchanger coils at 300 C in winter
and 50 C in summer. Underground coils provide the heat source in winter and
the heat sink in summer. For a year- round ground temperature of 150 C,
the heat-transfer characteristics of the coils necessitate refrigerant tempera-
tures of 100 C in winter and 250 C in summer. What are the minimum power
requirements for winter heating and summer cooling? [8+8]

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