Code No: RR310102 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) What are the requirements for the success of an irrigation project. How is an
irrigation project planned.
(b) Explain different types of irrigation systems in detail. [8+8]
2. (a) Explain water distribution efficiency. Also discuss as to how the duty of water
increases as we move downstream from the head of the main canal towards
the head of the water course.
(b) An irrigation canal has GCA of 80000 hectares out of which 85% is culturable
irrigable. The intensity of irrigation for kharif season is 30% and for rabi
season 60% Find the discharge required at the head of the canal if the duty
at its head is 800 hectares/cumec for kharif season and 1700 hectares/cumec
for rabi season. [8+8]
3. (a) Hydrology is a highly interdisciplinary science. Justify.
(b) Describe the hydrologic cycle with a neat sketch. [8+8]
4. Describe in detail how the total precipitation is transformed into the total runoff.
[16]
5. (a) Distinguish between
i. Open well and Tube well
ii. Drainage Divide and Ground water divide
iii. Specific capacity and specific yield of an aquifer.
(b) In a water table aquifer of 50m thickness, a 20 cm diameter well is pumped at
a uniform rate of 0.05 m3 /sec. If the steady state drawdown measured in the
observation wells located at 10m and 100m distances from the well are 6.5 m
and 0.25m respectively, determine hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer.[9+7]
6. (a) What is the necessity of drainage below the lining. Discuss the various drainage
and pressure release arrangements.
(b) Using Lacey’s basic regime equations, derive an expression for Lacey’s scour
depth. [8+8]
7. (a) What is meant by an intake weir and how does it differ from a surplus weir.
(b) What are divide walls and how do they help in a diversion weir scheme. Draw
neat sketches showing cross section of divide walls on pucca floor as well
as beyond the pucca floor. Also discuss the design considerations that are
involved in designing the divide walls. [8+8]

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Code No: RR310102 Set No. 1
8. (a) What is exit gradient. How does it effect the design of a weir.
(b) A weir has a 51 number of vertical gates. Span of each gate is 10 m. Full
reservoir level is 110 m, crest level is 106 m. Coefficient of end contraction for
piers = 0.02, coefficient of end contraction for abutment is 0.1 and coefficient
of discharge in francis formula is 1.70. Compute the maximum flood discharge
which can safely pass over the weir without exceeding full reservoir level.
Neglect velocity of approach. [6+10]

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Code No: RR310102 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Define Irrigation. What is the necessity of irrigation.

(b) Describe in brief some of the important irrigation projects and multipurpose
river valley projects undertaken or completed after independence of our coun-
try. [8+8]

2. (a) Describe with the help of a diagram various forms of soil moisture. What do
you understand by the available moisture.
(b) A field channel has culturable command area of 2000 hectares. The intensity
of irrigation for gram is 30% and for wheat is 50%. Gram has a kor period o
18 days and kor depth of 12 cm, while the wheat has a kor period of 15 days
and a kor depth of 15 cm. Calculate the discharge of the channel. [8+8]

3. (a) Describe with a neat sketch, the principle of working of Symons’s non-recording
raingange. How does the Indian standard raingauge differ from symons gauge.
(b) The network of 10 stations in and around a river basin have the Theissen
weights of 0.10, 0.06, 0.11, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.11, 0.12, 0.16 and 0.10 respec-
tively. Stations 2,4 and 5 lie outside the basin while the remaining are inside.
If the rainfall recorded at these gauges during a storm are 150, 168, 158, 135,
156, 207, 138, 162, 114, and 132 mm respectively. Determine the average
depth of rainfall over the basin by Arithmetic and theissem mean methods.
[8+8]

4. Describe in detail how the total precipitation is transformed into the total runoff.
[16]

5. (a) Distinguish between:

i. Hydraulic conductivity and Intrinsic permeability
ii. Darcy’s velocity and Actual velocity
iii. Pumping test and Recovery test.
(b) A tube well having a diameter of 15 cm fully penetrates of confined aquifer
of thickness 10 m. The discharge from the well at a drawdown of 8 m is 80
lps. Determine the coefficient of permeability and the transmissibility of the
aquifer. Take the radius of influence as 300 m. [9+7]

6. (a) What is the necessity of drainage below the lining. Discuss the various drainage
and pressure release arrangements.

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Code No: RR310102 Set No. 2
(b) Using Lacey’s basic regime equations, derive an expression for Lacey’s scour
depth. [8+8]

7. (a) What is meant by an intake weir and how does it differ from a surplus weir.
(b) What are divide walls and how do they help in a diversion weir scheme. Draw
neat sketches showing cross section of divide walls on pucca floor as well
as beyond the pucca floor. Also discuss the design considerations that are
involved in designing the divide walls. [8+8]

8. (a) What do you understand by exit gradient. How would you compute this.
What is its significance.
(b) Discuss in brief Khoslas solution for sub-surface flow below a composite floor.
[8+8]

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Code No: RR310102 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Give a bird’s eye view of irrigation engineering, tracing the history of a drop
of water from the cloud to field.
(b) List out the ill effects of irrigation. How would you reduce the ill effects.[8+8]

2. (a) Explain water conveyance efficiency and water application efficiency.

(b) A stream of 125 lit/sec was diverted from a canal and 100 lit/see were delivered
to the field. An area of 1.6 heactares was irrigated in 8 hours. Effective depth
of root zone was 1.7 m. The runoff loss in the field was 420 m3 . The depth
of water penetration varied linearly from 1.7 m at the head end of the field
to 1.3 m at the tail end. Available moisture holding capacity of the soil is 20
cm per metre depth of soil. Determine water conveyance, water application,
water storage and water distribution efficiencies. The irrigation was started
at a moisture extraction level of 50% of the available moisture. [8+8]

3. (a) Explain the use of a Lysimeter in measuring evapotranspiration.

(b) Explain the infiltration indices in detail. [8+8]

4. (a) What do you mean by perennial, intermittent and ephemeral streams. Explain
their characteristics.
(b) Explain the different characteristics of flow duration curve. Also explain its
uses. [8+8]

5. (a) Define specific yield, specific Retention and storage coefficient.

(b) Calculate the discharge in m3 /day from a tube well under the following con-
ditions.
Diameter of the well = 45 cm
Drawdown at the well = 12 m
Thickness of Aquifer = 30 m
Radius of Influence = 200 m
Coefficient of permeability = 0.01 cm/sec
Aquifer type = Unconfined. [8+8]

6. (a) What do you mean by balanced depth off cutting. Obtain an expression for
balanced depth of cutting for a channel of a given cross section.
(b) What are the qualities of a good lining material. How far these qualities are
satisfied by cement concrete lining. [8+8]

7. (a) What is meant by an intake weir and how does it differ from a surplus weir.

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Code No: RR310102 Set No. 3
(b) What are divide walls and how do they help in a diversion weir scheme. Draw
neat sketches showing cross section of divide walls on pucca floor as well
as beyond the pucca floor. Also discuss the design considerations that are
involved in designing the divide walls. [8+8]

8. (a) Discuss development, utility and limitations of Khosla’s theory.

(b) What do you understand by launching apron. How is it designed. [8+8]

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Code No: RR310102 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Define Irrigation. What is the necessity of irrigation.

(b) Describe in brief some of the important irrigation projects and multipurpose
river valley projects undertaken or completed after independence of our coun-
try. [8+8]
2. (a) Discuss crop seasons in India. Also discuss water requirements of crops.
(b) Find after how many days watering should be done to ensure efficient use of
irrigation water when the field conditions are as detailed below.
Field capacity = 29%
Permanent wilting point = 15%
Density of soil = 1600 kg/m3 .
Effective Root zone depth = 0.8 m.
Daily consumptive use of water = 12 mm. [8+8]
3. (a) Describe the ISI standard evaporation pan with a neat sketch. In what way
it is different from USWB class A land pan.
(b) The ordinates of rainfall mass curve of a storm over a basin of area 850 Km2
measured in mm at one hour interval are
0, 10, 22, 30, 39, 45.5, 50, 55.5, 60,64 and 68
If the infiltration during this storm can be represented by Horton’s equation
with f0 =6.5 mm/hr fc= 1.5 mm/hr and k=0.15/hr, estimate the resulting runoff
volume. [8+8]
4. (a) How is runoff estimated using stranger’s tables and Barlow’s tables.
(b) What is a flow duration curve. How is it constructed. [8+8]
5. (a) What do you mean by yield of an open well. Explain the different tests of
finding yield of open wells.
(b) A 20 cm well penetrates 30 m below static water level. After a long period
of pumping at a rate of 1800 lpm, the drawdowns in the observation wells
at 12 m and 36 m from the pumped well are 1.2 m and 0.5 m respectively.
Determine the
i. Transmissibility of the aquifer
ii. Drawdown in the pumped well assuming radius of influence as 300 m
iii. specific capacity of the well. [8+8]
6. (a) What are the various investigations required for a canal project (Distribution
system).Explain in brief.

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Code No: RR310102 Set No. 4
(b) Explain the limitations of Kennedies theory. [8+8]

7. (a) Explain the functions of a head regulator and cross regulator. Also explain
canal escapes.
(b) Discuss different classifications of weirs. [8+8]

8. (a) Discuss development, utility and limitations of Khosla’s theory.

(b) What do you understand by launching apron. How is it designed. [8+8]

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