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Embedded Systems Projects, IEEE 2012 Abstracts ON DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF NEURALMACHINE INTERFACE FOR ARTIFICIAL LEGS
The quality-of-life of leg amputees can be improved dramatically by using a cyber-physical system (CPS) that controls artificial legs based on neural signals representing amputees in-tended movements. The key to the CPS is the neural-machine inter-face (NMI) that senses electromyographic (EMG) signals to make control decisions. This paper presents a design and implementation of a novel NMI using an embedded computer system to collect neural signals from a physical systema leg amputee, pro-vide adequate computational capability to interpret such signals, and make decisions to identify users intent for prostheses con-trol in real time. A new deciphering algorithm, composed of an EMG pattern classifier and a post processing scheme, was developed to identify the users intended lower limb movements. To deal with environmental uncertainty, a trust management mechanism was designed to handle unexpected sensor failures and signal disturbances. Integrating the neural deciphering algorithm with the trust management mechanism resulted in a highly accurate and re -liable software system for neural control of artificial legs. The software was then embedded in a newly designed hardware platform based on an embedded microcontroller and a graphic processing unit (GPU) to form a complete NMI for real-time testing.

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Embedded Systems Projects, IEEE 2012 Abstracts

Real-time experiments on a leg amputee subject and an able -bodied subject have been carried out to test the control accuracy of t he new NMI. Our extensive experiments have shown promising results on both subjects, paving the way for clinical feasibility of neural controlled artificial legs

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Embedded Systems Projects, IEEE 2012 Abstracts

Proposed System Advantages

Architecture Diagram

Block Diagram

Explanation of Block Diagram

Components usage Details

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NCCT, 109, 2 nd Floor, Bombay Flats, Nungambakkam High Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600034. Near Ganpat Hotel, Above IOB, Next to ICICI Bank Projects in Embedded Systems * Embedded Microcontrollers, VLSI * DSP * Matlab * Power Electronics * Java * .NET * Android * NS2

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EMBEDDED HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS Microcontroller, Atmel 89c51 / 52 Embedded Active components Embedded Passive components Electromechanical components Electrical components

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Embedded Systems Projects, IEEE 2012 Abstracts

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Assembly Language Embedded C KEIL Compiler HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
If PC is used, for Independent Kits, this will not applicable

System RAM Hard Disk Monitor Mouse Keyboard

: Pentium Dual Core Processor + Board : 1 GB : 80 GB : 17 Color Monitor : Logitech Mouse : Multimedia Keyboard

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS Operating System Front End Database : : : Windows XP Visual Basic / Java Access

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ABOUT EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

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Embedded Systems Projects, IEEE 2012 Abstracts

An embedded system is a computer system designed for specific control functions within a larger system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. By contrast, a general -purpose computer, such as a personal computer (PC), is designed to be flexible and to meet a wide range of en duser needs. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today Embedded systems contain processing cores that are typically either microcontrollers or digital signal processors. The key characteristic, however, is being dedicated to handle a parti cular task. Since the embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it to reduce the size and cost of the product and increase the reliability and performance. Embedded systems are designed to do some specific task, rather t han be a general-purpose computer for multiple tasks. Some also have real -time performance constraints that must be met, for reasons such as safety and usability Embedded systems are not always standalone devices. Many embedded systems consist of small, computerized parts within a larger device that serves a more general purpose. The program instructions written for embedded systems are referred to as firmware, and are stored in read-only memory or Flash memory chips. They run with limited computer hardware resources: little memory, small or non-existent keyboard or screen.

PERIPHERALS
Embedded Systems talk with the outside world via peripherals, such as:
Serial Communication Interfaces (SCI): RS-232, RS-422, RS-485 etc. Synchronous Serial Communication Interface: I2C, SPI, SSC and ESSI (Enhanced Synchronous Serial Interface) Universal Serial Bus (USB) Multi Media Cards (SD Cards, Compact Flash etc.) Networks: Ethernet, LonWorks, etc. Fieldbuses: CAN-Bus, LIN-Bus, PROFIBUS, etc. Timers: PLL(s), Capture/Compare and Time Processing Units Discrete IO: aka General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) Analog to Digital/Digital to Analog (ADC/DAC) Debugging: JTAG, ISP, ICSP, BDM Port, BITP, and DP9 ports.

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MICROCONTROLLERS

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Embedded Systems Projects, IEEE 2012 Abstracts

A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated C, uC or MCU) is a small computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. Program memory in the form of NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a typically small amount of RAM. Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors used in personal computers or other general purpose applications. Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products and devices, such as aut omobile engine control systems, implantable medical devices, remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools, toys and other embedded systems. By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and inp ut/output devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes

ATMEL 89C51 MICROCONTROLLERS

The Atmel AT89 series is an Intel-8051-compatible family of 8 bit microcontrollers (Cs) manufactured by the Atmel Corporation. Based on the Intel 8051 core, the AT89 series remains very popular as general purpose microcontrollers, due to their industry standard instruction set, and low unit cost. This allows a great amount of legacy code to be reused without modificatio n in new applications The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4Kbytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmels high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industrystandard MCS-51 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in -system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8 -bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a powerful microcomputer, which provides a highly flexible and cost-effective applications solution to many embedded control

NCCT, 109, 2 nd Floor, Bombay Flats, Nungambakkam High Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600034. Near Ganpat Hotel, Above IOB, Next to ICICI Bank Projects in Embedded Systems * Embedded Microcontrollers, VLSI * DSP * Matlab * Power Electronics * Java * .NET * Android * NS2