[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar

The Japanese Occupation in the Philippines December 7, 1941 7:55 am - The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor December 8, 1941 6:30 am - Davao City was bombed (First area in the Philippines to be bombarded) Next Tuguegarao, Baguio, Iba, Tarlac and Clark Field December 9, 1941 Bombing of Manila December 10, 1941 First Invasion of the Philippines by the Japanese Aparri, Vigan, Legaspi, Davao, Lingayen, Atimonan and Mauban Under the command of Lt. Masaharu Homma Japan bombed Cavite, Nichols Field and Fort Mckinley Captain Jesus Villamor awarded Distinguished Service Cross by General MacArthur Visayas attacked General Douglas MacArthur ordered the transfer of valuable military supplies of the USAFFE to Corregidor and Bataan President Quezon, with his family and War Cabinet moved to Corregidor- transfer of Commonwealth Secretary Jorge Vargas and Justice Jose P. Laurel left in ManilaDecmber 23, 1941 War Plan Orange #3. Withdrawal of all USAFFE to Bataan Northern USAFFE Gen. Jonathan Wainwright Southern USAFFE Gen. Albert Jones December 31, 1941 - Proclamation of Manila as an Open City January 2, 1942 Japanese entered Manila February 20, 1942 Quezon with his family and the War Cabinet left Corregidor by submarine. Panay Negros Mindanao Australia United States January 9, 1942 Fall of Bataan Lt. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright succeeded MacArthur from USAFFE (United States Armed Forces in the Far East) to USIP ( United States Forces in the Philippines) Death March 76000 USAFFE, 66000 Filipinos Begins in Mariveles and Cabcaben APRIL 10, 1942, Limay-Balanga-Orani-Lubao (along San Fernando Road)

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
San Fernando to Capas, Tarlac Prison Camp at Camp O Donnel survivors 56,000. 5 days of walking 27,000 died in the camp May 6, 1942 Fall of Corregidor- end of organized resistance against the Japanese invasion of the Philippines Execution of Chief Justice Jose Abad Santos in Malabang Mindanao on May 2, 1942

The Beginning of the Japanese Occupation in the Philippines CAUSES OF SECOND WORLD WAR Imperialism Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere lebersraum Living Space Racial Discrimination Revenge Militarism Expansionism Alliance System Adolf Hitler

Why invade or colonize the Philippines? Natural resources the exploitation of the Philippines will complement the establishment of the Japanese Empire in Southeast Asia. Japanese Market, Living Space To prove the mighty power of Japan to the other countries in Europe and America

Papaano nagsimula at tuluyang nasakop ang Pilipinas ng mga Hapon? Invasion of Manchuria Invasion of China proper Inavsion of French Indo-China Attack in Pearl Harbor Attach in the Philippines Occupation of Malaya, Singapore at Indonesia

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
The Beginning of the Japanese Occupation in the Philippines Dec. 8, 1941 the Japanese penetrated Northern Luzon Dec 10 then, Aparri and Vigan (North) the Japanese from Formosa (Taiwan) Dec. 10 - Legaspi (South) the Japanese from Palau Dec. 20 - Davao and Jolo Dec. 22 Lingayen Japanese going to Central Luzon Lamon Bay, Mauban, Atimonan and Siain Lamon Bay and Lingayen going to Manila (from north to south converging at the center of the Philippines). Jan. 2, 1942 - Manila Last days of February 1942 - attack in Bataan (April 9, 1942) and Corregidor (May 6, 1942) Fall of Bataan and Corregidor Death March

The reactions of the Filipinos during the start of the Japanese Occupation in the Philippines Run to the mountains to escape from the Japanese Guerilla Groups Stayed at home to either fight the Japanese or do nothing Co-Opted or Collaborator

What were the effects of the start of Japanese Occupation in the Philippines? The Philippines was invaded by Japan and was forced to follow Japanese program of Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere Destruction of properties, livelihood, loss of lives, poverty, Japanese and Filipinos atrocities War continued (guerilla warfare) between the Filipinos and the Japanese The Japanese still trying to win the hearts of many Filipinos through its propaganda

. What are the importance of studying the Japanese occupation in the Philippines? Being resourceful during hard times Being resilient Giving emphasis to the importance of cooperation and unity Stressing the importance of National Consciousness and love and care for other peoples being Demonstrating the sense of Nationalism to ones country

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
The objective of studying the History of the Philippines is to know the worth of NATIONALISM By studying the History of the Philippines we will learn how to accurately vote for the right person for our government this 2010 election.

Japanese Occupation in the Philippines 1942-1945 Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere Lt. Gen. Masaharu Homma- Commander-in-Chief of the Japanese Imperial Forces in the Philippines Proclamation of the establishment of the Japanese Military Administration for the purpose of supervising the political, economic and cultural affairs of the Philippines Directives from Tokyo, Japanese Military Administration issued severe restrictions which the helpless people were forced to obey. Curfews, blackouts Declaration of Martial Law All firearms, ammunitions were confiscated Hostile act against the Japanese Army- punishable with death Military proclamation- one Japanese killed, 10 prominent Filipinos were to pay with their lives Radio transmitters were banned All Allied nationals were interned at the UST, Baguio and Los Banos. Everything were placed under Japanese control All industries, factories, banks, schools, churches, printing presses and theaters were supervised by the military authorities. The use of the Filipino flag, singing of the Philippine National Anthem and American songs were prohibited. The circulation of the American dollars was banned. Jorge Vargas became the mayor of the City of Greater Manila. Philippine Executive Command was established by the Japanese High Command Jorge Vargas- Chairman

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
Benigno Aquino-Commissioner of the Interior Antonio de las Alas- Commissioner of Finance Jose P. Laurel-Commissioner of Justice August 6, 1942 Creation of City of Greater Manila Manila Proper, Quezon City, Caloocan, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Pasay, Makati and Paraaque.

Japanese Propaganda Asia for the Asiatics, Philippines for Filipinos, Asia is One Radio stations, books, pamphlets, periodicals, movie films and stage shows were used as propaganda materials for Japanese Occupation Japanese culture and Language (Nippongo) were taught in schools KALIBAPI (Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas) Not Collaborators, But Patriots Vargas, Laurel, Aquino and Recto Premier General Hideki Tojo Granting of the Independence of the Philippines Real Collaborators- (Pro-Japanese) Ganaps headed by Benigno Ramos (Sakdals), informers, spies for the Japanese military authorities Palaaks Bamboo Army to defeat the guerillas United Nippon- trained by Japanese officers, with weapons and uniforms given by the Japanese Pampars (Pambansang Pag-asa ng mga Anak ni Rizal ) Pilillia Rizal, supported by the Japanese and MAKAPILIS (Makabayang Pilipino)- worst collaborators- headed by Benigno Ramos and Pio Duran, Artemio Ricarte Manuel Quzon died in Saranac Lake Sanitarium in the morning of August 1, 1944. Sergio Osmea became the President of the Philippines Leyte Landing- Red Beach near Palo Leyte- General MacArthur, Osmea and Carlos P. Romulo Liberation of Manila, Landing at Lingayen Gulf V-E Day in Europe Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 6 and 9, 1945) Japan finally surrendered on August 15, 1945- Emperor Hito

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
Restoration of the Commonwealth Nacionalista Party Sergio Osmea, Eulogio Rodriguez Liberal Party Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino Last President of the Commonwealth Manuel Roxas July 4, 1946 Proclamation of the Philippine Independence

The End of the Japanese Occupation in the Philippines What were the events in the Philippines during the liberation of the Philippines? What were the reasons why Japan was defeated during Second World War? How the Pacific War ended in the Philippines? What happened in the Philippines after Second World War? What were the problems confronted the Philippines after Second World War? Reorganization of the Government Educational Re-Orientation The Republic Economic Conditions Social Conditions Cultural Aspect Guerilla Warfare The Government in Exile Battle of the Philippine Sea The Leyte Landings The Landings at Lingayen Gulf The End of the War The Return of the Commonwealth

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar MANILA 1945 Properties destroyed Livelihood destroyed Loss of security and order Loss of values Death of many Filipinos Low literacy rate POVERTY What are the things we learned during the Japanese occupation in the Philippines? What are the things that we can do to our country to help other Filipinos who are suffering because of the tragedies we experienced this past few weeks? What is the value or importance of being concern with other people?

Third Republic President Manuel Roxas Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

3rd Republic - This epic event witnessed by representatives of 25 nations, marked the culmination of the 300 year old struggle of the Filipino people for freedom and the fruition of the beautiful dreams of their heroes and martyrs. President Harry Truman A Nation is Born. Long live the Republic of the Philippines! May God bless and prosper the Filipino people, keep them safe and free.

Postwar Problems of the Republic Schools, houses, farms, roads, industries destroyed Financial crisis Peace and Order Distorted Moral Values 1 Million Filipinos died

Presidents of the Republic of the Philippines 1. EMILIO AGUINALDO 2. MANUEL QUEZON 3. JOSE P. LAUREL

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
4. SERGIO OSMEA 5. MANUEL ROXAS Adopted Pro-American Policy Parity Amendment Failures of Roxas Administration Stop graft and corruption in the government Surplus war Property Scandal, Chinese Immigration Quota Scandal and School Supplies Scandal Stop the communistic Huk movement

6. ELPIDIO QUIRINOPresident Roxas died of heart attack at Clark field, Pampanga April 17, 1948 Vice President Elpidio Quirino became the Second President of the Republic Objectives: Economic reconstruction of the nation and restoration of faith and confidence of the people in the government PACSA- Presidents Action Committee on Social Amelioration ACCFA- Agricultural Credit Cooperatives Financing Administration -Filipino Farmers loans, rural banks Dirtiest and bloodiest election- it was reported that even birds, bees, monkeys and the dead can cast their votes Liberal Party Elpidio Quirino Intensification of the Huks in Central Luzon He named Ramon Magsaysay as the Secretary of the National Defense Ramon Magsaysay- Iba, Zambales, Former guerilla fighter Nacionalista Party, Vice President Carlos P. Garcia

7. RAMON MAGSAYSAY Spent most of the time in the barrios Idol of the masses Man of the masses Restored peoples faith and confidence in the government

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
First president to improve the conditions of the barrios- roads, bridges, barrios artesian wells and barrio irrigation systems Prohibited the indiscriminate slaughter of carabaos farmers best friend Minimized extravagant receptions and social parties in Malacaang and inspired a high moral standard of public officials and prohibited the naming of plazas, roads, bridges and towns after him. Mr. President instead of Your Excellency Nationalist- Barong Tagalog First President to be dressed in Barong Tagalog during the Presidential inagural rites SEATO patterned after NATO September 8, 1954 Anti-communist organization, composed of Australia, France, Great Britain, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand and the United States. December 15, 1954 Abolition of the Laurel Langley Agreement gradual abolition of Free Trade between the United States and the Philippines from January 1, 1956 to July 3, 1974May 9, 1956 Reparations Agreement with Japan was finally signed in Manila Payment $ 300,000,000 Million for 25 years Japan will pay the Philippine government for the destruction the committed in the country. San Francisco Treaty September 8, 1957 ending of Second World War in the Pacific - Ending the state of war between Japan and the Philippines

8. CARLOS P. GARCIA Death of Ramon Magsaysay in a plane crush in Cebu March 17, 1957 March 18, 1957 Carlos P. Garcia was inducted as the 4th President of the Philippine Republic Bohol Vice President Jose P. Laurel Jr. Nacionalista Party Liberal Party Jose Yulo (President) Diosdado Macapagal (Vice President) First time that the Filipinos voted for a president and a vice president belonging to opposing party December 30, 1957 President Carlos P. Garcia was inducted as the 4th President of the Philippine Republic with Vice President Diosdado Macapagal Strengthening of the democracy

[Type text] Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo Lecture from Prof Francis August Ramos Transcribed by Nikko Izar
Committed also some failures in governance But he was fair minded and never vindictive Respected human rights, freedom of speech, press, religion and free election Bayanihan Folk Dance Troupe culture Filipino First Policy Dr. Jose Rizal Centennial Commission- compilation of all writings of Dr. Jose Rizal Liberal party toppled again the Nacionalista Party 9. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL 10. FERDINAND MARCOS 11. CORAZON AQUINO 12. FIDEL RAMOS 13. JOSEPH ESTRADA 14. GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO