Andrew Simons July 31, 2012. Electro magnetic forces and transportation.

The force of electro magnetics is not effected by the force of gravity. Magnetics have effectively been applied to propel high speed trains and roller coasters. The U.S. Navy has, successfully and with positive results, been testing magnetics to launch aircraft from carriers. The testing has proven that it is a more efficient and safer system compared to the current stream driven technology. Roller coast engineers have learned of the the safety, power and efficiency advantages of using electro magnetics for propulsion and braking. NASA is researching electro magnetic technology to launch the next generation space craft.

Newton's first law An object in motion tends to stay in motion until acted upon by an outside force. Where the gravitational forces of the earth have no effect on a vehicle propelled by electro magnetism, no energy would be needed to maintain the vehicles momentum. Newtons second law Force equals mass multiplied my acceleration. Without gravity to work against, the usual opposing force of friction would only have an effect from wind drag. Energy would no longer be wasted on rolling friction. Newton's third law Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Without the track of a train or a roller coaster to hold the magnets, the challenge of applying Newton's third law arises. What will a levitating vehicle thrust itself from with magnetic forces? Will it be the surrounding air molecules? Will the friction of the vehicle colliding with the air molecules counter the thrust of the magnetic forces against the air molecules behind the vehicle?

Gravity has no effect on electro magnetic forces. Within the distance of the pull of earth's gravitational force, in which space does the gravitational force have no effect on vehicles propelled by electro magnetics? Answer this and we'll be able to levitate and propel any vehicle without the danger of falling out of the sky. Meanwhile, a bicycle is the most energy efficient, environmentally friendly vehicle. Bibliography

Everything in this report regarding electro magnetics has been researched via the internet. As my bibliography, I report that my reference has been internet searches using Google's search engine. I have no direct quotes to cite and all statements are in my own words. Here is a list of web sites regarding my research: Electro magnetic roller coasters : http://www.unc.edu/~bhuang/rollercoasters.htm Navy aircraft carrier launch system: http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2010-12/navys-next-gen-electromagnetic-carrierlaunch-system-hurls-its-first-planes-skyward Nasa electromagnetic space shuttle launch: http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2010-11/nasa-engineers-propose-combining-rail-gunand-scramjet-fire-spacecraft-orbit