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contain a publication entitled THE PUBLIC STATUTES AT LARGE OF THE
l.JNITED STATES OF AMERICA, volume 8, and that the attached photocopies
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TREATY OF I>EA.CE AND FRIENDSHIP
Between the United States of America, ana His Irnperiac
Jfaje$ty the Emperor of Morocco. (a)
T() all Persona to whom these Presents shall come or be made known.
WHr.:aus the United States oi America, in Congress asscmi>led, by
their commission bearing date the twelfth day of May, one thousand
88\feD. hundred and eighty-four, thought proper to constitute John Adams,
Benjamin Franklin, and Thomu JefFerson, their Minister!! Plenipoten-
tiary giving to them, or a majority of them, full power!! to confer, treat
aud with the Ambassador, or of his
Majesty the Emperor of concerntDg a treaty of anuty and
commerce; to make and receive propositions for such treaty, and to
conclude and sign the same, transmitting it to the United Stntes in Con-
gress a.s:sembled, for their iiual ratification; and by one other commis-
Bion, bearing date the eleventh day of March, one thousand seven hun-
dred and eightrfive, did further empower the said Ministers Pleoipoten-
tinry. or a. maJority of them, by writing under their hands and seals,
to appoint aueh agent- in the said business as they migllt think
with authority under the directions and instructions of the said Minis-
ters, to commence und prosecute the snid negoeiations and conferences
for the !aid treaty, provided tbnt the said treaty should be signed by the
said. Ministers: And whereas we, the said John Adams and Thomas
Jefferson, two of the said Ministers Plenipotentiary (the said Benjamin
Franklin being absent) by writing under the hand and seal of the said
John Adams at Loudon, October the fifth, one thousand seven hundred
eighty-five, and of the said Thom:tll Jelfer.son :tt Paris, October the
eleventh of the samo did appoint Thomas Barclay, agent in the
bw;iness aforenid
1
giving him the powers therein, which, by tho snid
second commission, we were authorized to give, and the said Thomas
Barclay, in pursuance thereof, hath arranged illticles for a treaty of
amity and commerce between the United States of America, and his
l'tfojeaty the Emperor of Morocco, which articles, written in the Arabic
language, confirmed by his said Majesty the Emperor of 1\Iorocco, and
!!ellled with royal seal, being into the of the said
United States of America, together with the attestations thereto annexed,
are in the following wprds, to wit;

In the Name of AuuGHTY Gon.
This is Treaty of Peace and Friendship established between us
and the Umted States of America, which is confirmed and which we
have ordered to be written in this book, and sealed with' our royal seal,
at our court. of Morocco, on the twenty-fil\h day of the blessed month
of Shahan, Jn the year one thuusand two hundred trusting in God il
will remain permanent. '
ARTICLE I.
We declare that both parties have agreed that this treaty, consisting
(IZ} Btl "an act making..., appropriation for the purpose mention!d," pllSIIed 3, 1191,
8. I 214, twenty thou.oand dol!o111 arc uppropnated fot effecting 11 negotiation of the trc1111
wn orO<:Qo, September 16, 1835, poll, 484.
000)
l'REATY WITH MOROCCO. 1787.
of twenty-five articles, shall be inserted in this book and dclircrcd to
the Honorab!e 'l'homas the agent of tbe United States, now at
our w1th approbation it bas been made, and who is duly
authonzed on theu part to treat with us concerning all the matters con-
tained therein.
ARTICLE D.
If either of the parties shnll be at war with nny nation whatever, the
other party sl1all not take a commission from the enemy, nor fi<Tht under
o
ARTICLE III.
If either of the parties shall be at war with any nation whatever, anq
take a prize belonging to that nation, and there shall be foond on board
subjects or effects belonging to either of the parties, the subjects shall
be set at liberty, and the elTccts returned to the owners. And if any
goods belonging to any nation, with whom eitl1er of the parties shall be
at war, shall be loaded on vessels belonging to the other party, they shall
pass free and unmolested, without nny attempt being made to take or
detain them.
.ARTICLE IV.
A signal or pass shall be given to all vessels belonging to both parties,
by which they are to be known when they meet at and 'ifthe com
mander of a ship of war of either party shall have other ships under
his convoy, the declaration of the oommander shall alone be sufficient
to exempt any of them from examination.
AR'l'ICLE V.
If either of the parties shall be at war, and shall meet a vessel at sea
belonging to the other, it is agreed, that if an examination is to be
made, it shall be done by sending a boat with tlvo or three men only;
and if any gun shall be fired, and injury done without reason, the
oflending party shall make goot! all damages
.ARTICLE VI.
If any l\Ioor shall bring citizens of the United States, or their effects,
to his Majesty, the citizens shall immediately he set at liberty, and the
effects restored; and in like manner, if any Moor, not a subject of these
dominions, shall make prize of any of the citizens of America, or their
effects, and bring them into any of the ports of his Majesty, they shall
be immedintely released, as they will then be oonsidered as under his
Majesty's protection.
.ARTICLE VII.
IOJ
Emperor'
COIIII<!Dt to thO
troaty.
Neither party
tnlco com.
mission from
tho enemy of
the olher.
Regulation in
euo of cap.
turea.
Sign or paae
to be given to
veseel#,

ahllll be a
amined ill time
of wu.
Citkena of !he
U. 8. captured,
to be released.
If any vessel of either party put into a port of the other, nnd Veue!& wct-
ha't'e occasion for pro\isions or other supplie:s, they shall be furnished ing suppl,ies
1
to
bofumlllnea.
without any interruption or molestation.
ARTICLE VTII.
If any vessel of the United States shall meet with a disaster at sea, Provisiooin
and put into one of our ports to repair, she shall be et liberty to land Cllse of mWor.
and re-load J1er cargo, without paying any duty wltatever. tune.
ARTICLE IX.
If any of the United States shnJI be c:tst on shore on any part
of our coasts, :she shnll remain aL the disposition of the owners, ond no
one shall attempt going uear her without their npprobation, as :5he is
12
i.a
ease of abip.
wrtck, and
being folU\1
lilto poft.
Veae!a pro
lected in c:er
lain euea.
Prlvilegea o
,_la!ll caatl
of wer.
Shipeofwa:
belonging to
U. f!. JlOt IO be
fUllliaed.
TREA1'Y WITH MOROCCO. 178'7.
then considered particularly under our protection; nnd if any vessel of
the United eball be forced to put into oor ports by stress of
weather, or otherwiseJ she shall not be compelled to land cargo, but
shall remain in tranqnility until the commander shall thmk proper to
proceed on his voyage.
ARTICLE X.
If &DY vessel of either of the shall have with a
vessel belonging to any of the Chmuan powers w1thm gun shot of the
forts of the other, the vessel ao engaged shall be defended e.od protected
as innch as possible until @be is in safety; and if any American vessel
shall be cast on shore on the coast ofWadnoon, or any eoast thereabout,
the people belonging to her shall be p:otected and assisted, until, by
the help ofGodJ they shall be sent to their country.
ARTICLE XI.
If we shall be at wnr with any Christian power, and any of our
sail from the ports of the United States, no vessel belonging to the
enemy, hall fullow until twenty-four boun after the departure of our
veBBels; nnd the same regulation shall be observed towards the Ameri-
ean vessels niling from our port:s, be their enemies Moors or Chr1stians.
ARTICLE XII.
If any ship of war belonging to the United Stales shall put into any
of our ports, she shall not be .examined on any pretence whatever, even
though she should have fugitive slaves on board, nor ah111l the governor
or of the pla.oe compel them to be brought on shore on any
pretext, nor require any payment for tbem.
ARTICLE XID.
Shipe of war If a &hip of war of either party shall put into a port of the other and
ill bO ealuled. salute, it shall be returned from the fort with an equal number of guns,
not with more or less.
Commerce on
lho footing of
the ma.t f&
voured
Pririleget of
lllffCbo.AIII.
In caae of wAr,
9Nonen not to
1M enal&ved,
b u.t cxchMged.
ARTICLE XIV.
The commerce with the United States shall be on the same fooling
as is the commerce with Spain, or as that with the most favoured nation
for the time being; and their citizens shall be respected and esteemed,
aDd have full liberty to pass and repass our country and seaports when-
ever they please, without interruption .
.ARTICLE XV.
Merchants of both countries shall employ only suell interpreteuJ and
such other persons to assist them in their business, as they shall think
proper. No commander of a vessel shall transport his cargo on board
another vessel; he shall not be in port longer than he may
think proper; lllld an persons employed in loading or unloading goods,
or in any other labour whatever, shall be paid at the CU8tomary rates,
more and not less.
ARTICLE XVI.
In ease of a war between the parties, the prisoners are not to be
made slaves, but to be exchanged one for another, captain for captain,
officer for officer, and one private m:m for another; and it there shall
prove 11 deficiency on either side, it be made up by the payment
of one hundred Mexican dollars for eacb person wanting. And it is
agreed that all prisoners shall be exchanged in t\felve months &om the
time of their being taken, and that this may be eJTected by a
merchant or any other person authorized by either of the parties.
TREATY WITH MOROCCO. 1787.
ARTICLE XVll.
Merch11nts shall not be compelled to buy or eell any kind of goods
but such as they shall think proper; and may buy and sell all sorts of
merchandize but such as are prohibited to the other Christian nations.
AR.TICLE XVll.
AH goods shall be weighed and examined before t.hey are sent on
board, and to avoid all detention of vessels, no examination shall after.
wards be made, nnless it shall first be proved that contraband goods
have been sent on boiU'd, in which ease, the pcreona who took con-
traband goods on board, shall be punished according to tl1e usage and
custom of the country, and no other person whaterer ahall be injured,
nor !hall the ship or cargo incur any penalty or damage whatever.
ARTICLE XIX.
l03
Mert:hant
may buy lllCl
sell allgoocll
UCeP.t tbOK
prohibited to
otherCbri.lliul
nations.
Gooda to ba
examined be.
fore aenton
boud, IDd 110t
after, unle lA
C88& offrau4.
No vessel shall be detained in port on any pretence whatever, nor be ve-la Mt
10
obliged to take on board any articles without the eonsent of the eom. be detained.
mandcr, who shall be at full liberty to agree for the freight of any goods
he take.s on board.
ARTICLE XX.
[f any of the eitizens of the United States, or any persons under their How cli.put.,.
protection, shall have any disputes with each other, the eonsul shall ahall besetl!ed.
decide between the parties, and whenever the coqsul shall require any
aid or assistance fro1n our government, to enforce his decisions, it shall
be immediately granted to him.
ARTICLE XXI.
If a citizen of the United States llhould kill or wound a Moor, or, on
the contrary, if a Moor shall kill or wound a citizen of the United
States, the law of the country shall take place, and equal justice shall
be rendered, the consul asaisting at the txial; and if any delinquent
make his escape, the consul shall not be answerable for him in
any manner whatever.
ARTICLE X.Xll.
If an American citizen ahall die ia our country, and no will shall
appear, the consul shall take possession of his effects; aDd if there 11hall
be no consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person
worthy of trust, until tbe party shall appear who bas a right to demand
them; but if the heir to the person deceased be present, the property
shall be deJhered to him without inturuption; and if a will shall ap-
pear, the property shall descend. agrcc<1ble to that will as soon as the
consul aball declare the validity thereo
ARTICLE XXTIL
How crimea
ahall be punia.b
ed.
The consuls of the United States of America, &hall reaide in any sea. Coo.a.U. a1111
ai1 their port of our dominions tbat they shaU think proper i and they ab be r"--
respeeted, and enjoy all the which the consuls of any other
nation enjoy ; and if any of the citizens of the United shall eon-
tract any debts or engagemt>.nts, the consul shall not be in any manner
accountable for them, unless he shall have given a promise in writing
for the payment or fulfilling thereof, without which promise in
ao application to ltim for any redress shall be mude.
104
TREATY WITH MOROCCO. I78i.
ARTICLE XXIV.
Regulations in If any differences shall arise by either party infrin.ging any of. tha
ohm.- articles of this treaty, peace aud harmony shall rcmam nohvithstandmg,
in the fullest force, until a friendly application shall be made for lm
arrangement, and until that application shall be rejected, no shall
be made to arms. And if a war shall break out between the parties,
nine months shall be granted to all the subjects of botl1 parties, to dis-
pose of their effects and retire with their property. And it is further
declared, that whatever indulgences, in tr11de or otherwise, shall be
granted, to any of the Christian Powers, the of the United Stat>:s
shall be equally entitled to them.
ARTICLE XXV
Duracion of This treaty shall continue in full force, with the help of God, for .fifty
IHIIy. years.
Ve8$elaof
U. S. to bepl'O
(Cc;t.d.
We have delivered this book iuto the hands of the beforementioned
Thomas Barclay, on the first day of the blessed month of Ramadan. in
the year one thousand two hundred.
I cllrtify that the annexed is a true copy of the translation made by
Isaac Cardoza Nunez, interpreter at .Morocco, of the treaty be-
tween the Emperor of Morocco and the United States of America.
THOMAS BARCLAY.
ADDI'I' IONAL AR.'!'IGLE.
Grace to the only Goo.
l, the under-written, the servant of God, Taber Ben Abdelkack Fen-
nish, do certify, that His Imperial Majesty, my master, (whom God pre-
serve,} having concluded a treaty of peace nnd commerce with the
United States of America, l1as ordered me, the better to compleat it,
and in addition of the tenth article of the treaty, to decl;ue. "Thtn if
11ny vessel belonging to the United States, shall he in any of the ports
of l1is Majesty's tlomjnions, or within guo-shot of his forts, she shaJI be
protected as much ns possible; and no vessel whatever, belonging either
to Moorish or Christian Powers, with whom the United States mny be
at war, shall be permitted to follo1v or engage her, as we now deem the
citizens of America our good friends."
.And, in obedience to his Majesty's commoncls, I certify this declnra-
tion, by putting my hand and seal to it, on the eighteenth day ofRama
dan,( a) in the year one thousand two hundred.
The servant of the King, my master, whom God presene,
T AHER BEN ABDELKACK FENNISII.
I do certify that the above is a true copy of the translation made at
Morocco, by Isaac Cordoza Nunez, interpreter, of a declaration
made and signed by Sidi Taher Fcnnish, in addition to the
treaty between the Emperor of Morocco aod the United States of
America, which declaralion the llaid T3.her Fennish mnde by tho
express directions of his Majesty.
THOMAS BARCI.A Y.
----------------- --------------
of tbc year of rhe Hr.gir'l 1'200, commenced on 1h1> 2Sch June, in the yc3 r of our
TREATY WITH MOROCCO. 1787.
Now, KNOW YE, That we, the said John Adams and Thomas Jeffer-
son, Ministers Plenipotentiary aforesaid, do approve and conclude the
said treaty, and every article and clause therein contained, reserving
the same nevertheless to the United States in Congress assembled, for
their final ratification.
ln testimony whereor, we have signed the sante with our names and
seals, at the places of our respective residence, and at the dates
upressed under our signatures respectively.
VQlu vm. 14
JOHN ADAMS,
London, January 25th, 1787.
(L.II.)
THOMAS JEFFERSON, (L. 1.)
Paris, J a n ~ t a r y Jst, 1787
105