Curved BGG for unitarizable highest weight modules

V Tuek t c Mathematical Institute Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

Introduction The construction of BGG operators as given by Calderbank and Diemer [CD01] can be extended without much problems to the so called unitarizable highest weight modules. These modules occur only in Hermitian symmetric setting and are of innite dimension. One of the operators that arise via this construction is the Yamabe operator. Goal Show that there is a natural sequence of dierential operators between associated bundles over any parabolic geometry, which in the at case coincides with the complex of invariant dierential operators given by the (algebraic) BGG resolution in terms of generalized Verma modules. Setup parabolic geometry (G M, ) representation V of (g, P) and chain complex C (p+ , V) = p+ V P-invariant dierential : C (p+ , V) C1 (p+ , V) codierential : C (p+ , V) C+1 (p+ , V) coming from Lie algebra cohomology H (p , V) and Kostant laplacian = + since is P-invariant, we can form the associated bundles Z V = G P ker B V = G P im H V = G P H (p+ , V).

What about bigger modules? Consider V to be a unitarizable highest weight module. Then the Hodge decomposition of C (p+ , V) is proved in [HPR06]. Problem: In order to show invertibility of , one would like to show that for the operator N = 1 ( g ) the sum k=0 N k makes sense. (For nite-dimensional V is the operator N nilpotent.) Solution: Unitarizable highest weight module is basically a space of polynomials with values in a nite-dimensional F representation of the Levi subalgebra l of p. The formal globalization of V can be then seen as a space of formal power series with values in F. Formally, V = (Vlnitedual ) . The Hodge decomposition as well as the (co)homology groups are preserved by this globalization. Unitarizable highest weight modules exists only in Hermitian symmetric setting simple factors of generalized Verma modules Hermitian inner product is given by the Shapovalov form completely classied (e.g. [EHW83]) formulas for cohomology are provided by [Enr88] Results

the invariant derivative on V = G P V dened by

: C (G, V) C (G, g V)
f

= df( 1 ())

References D. M. J. Calderbank and T. Diemer, Dierential invariants and curved Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand sequences, Journal fr die reine und u angewandte Mathematik (Crelles Journal) 2001 (2001), no. 537, 67103. Thomas Enright, Roger Howe, and Nolan Wallach, A classication of unitary highest weight modules, Representation theory of reductive groups (Park City, Utah, 1982), Progr. Math., vol. 40, Birkhuser a Boston, Boston, MA, 1983, pp. 97143. Thomas J. Enright, Analogues of Kostants u-cohomology formulas for unitary highest weight modules, Journal fr die Reine und Angewandte u Mathematik 392 (1988), 2736. Jing-Song Huang, Pavle Pandi, and David Renard, Dirac operators and zc Lie algebra cohomology, Representation Theory. An Electronic Journal of the American Mathematical Society 10 (2006), 299313 (electronic). Bertram Kostant, Lie Algebra Cohomology and the Generalized Borel-Weil Theorem, The Annals of Mathematics 74 (1961), no. 2, 329387, ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Sep., 1961 / Copyright A c 1961 Annals of Mathematics.

and the twisted deRham dierential associated to the tractor connection on V dg : (M, k V) (M, k+1 V) Recipe of Calderbank & Diemer Let V be a nite-dimensional representation of g. use [Kos61] for the Hodge decomposition of C (p+ , V) = im ker
ker

im ,

in particular H (p+ , V) ker replace algebraic operator by P-invariant dierential operator g g = d + d and show that is invertible on B V then dene
g

= dg + dg , Q = g 1 g = Id Q dg dg Q. k

show that the BGG operator is Dk s := proj g dg g rep, k+1 k where proj is the algebraic projection on homology and rep is a choice of representative in the homology class Structure of homology for (A7 , A3 A3 )

supported by GACR 201/09/H012 and by SVV 301-09/10822

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