HKCEE BIOLOGY | 6.

2 Regulation of body temperature |

P.1

1. 1990/II/49 Which of the following structure of the mammalian skin is NOT involved in temperature regulation? A. oil glands B. nerve endings C. erector muscles D. blood capillaries 2. 1990/II/51 Under which of the following conditions would a person doing strenuous exercise lose most heat by evaporation? A. B. C. D. Air temperature 10C 10C 30C 30C Relative humidity (%) 60 98 60 98

3. 1991/II/46 Questions 3 and 4 refer to the diagram below which shows a section of the human skin:

Which of the following will happen when a man feels cool? Constricts A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5 Contract 5 3 2 4 Inactive 3 5 4 2

4. 1991/II/47 Which of the following are functions of structure 4? (1) energy reserve (2) heat conservation (3) body defence A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only 5. 1993/II/36 In the regulation of body temperature in mammals, the skin act as A. a receptor B. an effector C. both a receptor and an effector

D.

(1), (2) and (3)

D.

a coordination centre

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P.2

6. 1994/II/20 Which of the following correctly indicates the changes in the amount of water lost from a man when the weather becomes drier and hotter? A. B. C. D. Amount of water lost from the skin increases increases decreases remains constant Amount of water lost from the kidneys remains constant decreases increases decreases

7. 1994/II/23 Questions 7 and 8 refer to the graph below which shows how the metabolic rate of a naked person varies with the temperature of the surrounding air:

Which of the following statements about the person is correct when the air temperature changes from 10C to 20C? A. C. Oxygen consumption increases. Heat loss from the body decreases. B. D. The rate of the heart beat increases. The body temperature decreases.

8. 1994/II/24 Which of the following is the main process of heat loss from the body when the air temperature is 40C? A. conduction B. convection C. radiation D. evaporation

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P.3

9. 1994/II/25 Questions 9 and 10 refer to the diagram below which shows a section of the skin of a man :

Which of the following correctly describes the functions of the different structures of the skin? A. B. C. D. Structure 1 absorbs oxygen Structure 2 produces sweat Structure 5 absorbs vibration reduces heat loss stores food supplies food to the skin

prevents against mechanical damage stores food prevents the entry of bacteria reduces evaporation detects changes in air temperature kills bacteria

10. 1994/II/26 Which of the following correctly describes the immediate responses of the different structures of the skin when the man enters a cold room? A. B. C. D. Structure 3 dilates constricts dilates constricts Structure 4 contracts contracts relaxes relaxes Structure 5 no change no change becomes thicker becomes thicker

11. 1999/II/6 Questions 11 and 12 refer to the photomicrograph below, which shows a section of the mammalian skin:

Which structure produces a secretion that can reduce evaporation of water from the skin surface? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

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P.4

12. 1999/II/7 Which structure contains cells capable of rapid cell division ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 13. 2002/II/52 Questions 13 to 15 refer to the diagram below, which shows a section of the human skin :

On a cold day, which of the following changes will occur to help maintain the body temperature? (1) Structure 4 becomes thicker. (2) Structure 6 becomes less active. (3) Structure 7 constricts. A. (1) only B. (2) only C. (1) and (3) only D. (2) and (3) only

14. 2002/II/53 Which structure(s) in the skin helps to prevent the entry of germs into the body? A. 1 only B. 1 and 3 only C. 3 and 8 only D. 1, 3 and 8

15. 2002/II/54 Which parts of the skin are capable of active cell division? A. 2 and 5 B. 2 and 8 C. 4 and 5 D. 4 and 8

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P.5

16. 2003/II/35 Questions 16 and 17 refer to the diagram below, which shows the change in the heat distribution of a person's body when the air temperature drops from 25C to 15C:

Which of the following are responsible for the change in the skin temperature? (1) increase in heat loss (2) decrease in sweat secretion (3) construction of the skin arterioles A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

C.

(2) and (3) only

D.

(1),(2) and (3)

17. 2003/II/36 Which of the following will occur if the person stays at 15C for 30 minutes without additional clothing? A. The metabolic rate of muscle will increase B. The subcutaneous fat will become thicker C. The urine will become more concentrated D. The sebaceous glands will become more active

18. 2003/II/47 Questions 18 to 20 refer to the diagram below, which shows a section of the human skin:

Which structure has the ability to contract? A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

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P.6

19. 2003/II/48 In a fire, structure 2 of a person was damaged by burning. Which of the following may occur at the damaged part? (1) excessive evaporation of water (2) bacterial infection (3) bleeding A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1),(2) and (3)

20. 2003/II/49 Which of the following will occur in the skin to repair 2? (1) mitosis (2) cell specialization (3) increase in blood supply A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only

C.

(2) and (3) only

D.

(1),(2) and (3)

21. 2004/II/33 Compared to the resting condition, when a person does vigorous exercise, there will be a great decrease in the amount of water lost through A. exhalation B. sweating C. egestion C. urination

22. 2005/II/33 Which of the following is not a correct match of the structures in the skin and their functions? Structure A. sweat gland B. sebaceous gland C. blood vessel D. sensory nerve ending Function regulating the water potential of the body preventing infection of the skin regulating body temperature detecting external stimuli

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P.7

23. 2006/II/17 Questions 23 and 24 refer to the diagram below, which shows a section of the human skin:

Which of the following correctly describes structure 1? A. It consists of dead cells only B. It reduces water loss from the body C. It helps the removal of metabolic wastes D. It has a pigment which absorbs infra-red radiation to produce vitamin D 24. 2006/II/18 Which of the above labeled structure are involved in temperature regulation in humans? A. 1, 3 and 4 B. 1, 4 and 5 C. 2, 3 and 5 D. 3, 4 and 5 25. 2007/II/32 Which of the following are the changes found in the skin when there is a sudden drop in environmental temperature form 25C to 10C? Sweating A. decrease B. decrease C. increase D. increase Capillaries beneath the skin less blood flow more blood flow less blood flow more blood flow

26. 2008/II/21 Which of the following structures of the human skin can help prevent the invasion of pathogen? (1) epidermis (2) blood capillary (3) sebaceous gland A. (1) and (2) only B. (1) and (3) only C. (2) and (3) only D. (1),(2) and (3)

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