Definition Organisation

An organisation is a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

Definition Organisation

An organisation is a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

Are the following Organisations?

USP Yes! The Singh Family No! The Monsavu landowners clan No! Habitat for Humanitas Yes

Organisational Dilemmas

1. Organisations do not have goals, only people have goals (which may be quite different from common goal or set of goals)

2. Organisations mean different things to different people who use them/work in them

Organisational Dilemmas
3. Organisations are sources of:
o o o o o o

Money, physical resources Meaning, relevance, purpose Order, stability Security, support, protection Status, prestige, self-esteem Power, authority, and control

some of which are scarce....

OB = Organisational Behaviour (meaning: behaviour within organisations): focuses on the description & explanation of the causes and effects of individual and group behavior within an organisation. (micro)

Definition OB (Book)

Organisational Behaviour is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behaviour within organisations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organisations effectiveness (Robbins, 1998: 7).

Why Study OB?

Because Managers need OB knowledge!

o o o o o

What Managers do Management Functions Managerial Roles Management Skills

What Managers Do

Gets things done through other people

Make decisions, allocate resources, and direct the activities of others to attain goals

Do their work in an organization

Management Functions
Planning: Includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities. Organizing: Determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made. Leading: Includes motivating subordinates, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels, and resolving conflicts. Controlling: Monitoring activities to ensure they are being accomplished as planned and correcting any significant deviations

Management Functions
Planning: Includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities. Organizing: Determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made. Leading: Includes motivating subordinates, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels, and resolving conflicts. Controlling: Monitoring activities to ensure they are being accomplished as planned and correcting any significant deviations

Why Study OB?

Because the effectiveness of a Manager depends for a large part on his/her understanding of, and skills in the interaction with other people, i.e., people skills (interaction with higher-level management, management team, subordinates, and customers)!

What are the goals of OB?

Description: What do employees do / think / feel? Explanation: Why do employees do / think / feel something? Prediction: What are employees going to do / think / feel? Prescription: How can one make an employee do / think / feel something

Explanation definition OB

Organisational Behaviour is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behaviour within organisations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organisations effectiveness (Robbins, 1998: 7).

Explanation definition OB

Field of study

Individuals, Groups, Organisation ?

Behaviours ?

Organisations effectiveness

Contributors to Field of Study

Psychology Social Psychology Sociology Anthropology Political Science

The ABC of Psychology

ABC: Affects, Behaviours, Cognitions
o o o o

Affects (feelings): Meaning (Verstehen) of observables, Psychodynamics, Existential Problems Behaviours (actions): Observables, Conditioning, Rewards and Punishment Cognitions (thoughts): Unobservables (Black Box), Mental processes, Perception and Attribution

Contributors: Social Psychology

Unit of Analysis: Group Contribution:

o o o

Group processes Behavioral and attitude change Communication and decision making

Contributors: Sociology
Unit of Analysis: Group and Organisation Contribution:
o o o o

Group dynamics and communication Work teams and intergroup behavior Power and conflict Organisation theory (technology, change, culture)

Contributors: Anthropology

Unit of Analysis: Group and Organisation

Contribution:
o o o

Comparative values and attitudes Cross-cultural analysis Organisational culture and environment

Contributors: Political Science

Unit of Analysis: Organization Contribution:
o

Power and Conflicts

Intraorganisational politics

CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES FOR OB (IMPORTANCE/SIGNIFICANCE OF OB)

Responding to globalization.
--need to understand culture, communication, what motivates them ..

Managing work force diversity

-----heterogeneous in terms of age, sex race, etcyou can NOT treat all alike,indidual differences..training.

Improving Quality & Productivity.customer

satisfaction.rethinking on present working methods etcimproving all organizational processes.creating quality driven employees..

Responding to labour shortage..OB helps managers create

..innovative recruitment and retention strategies..

Improving customer service.