ARTICLE 1 Study engages nations teens for insight into skipping school.

Study engages nations teens for insight into skipping school

By Paul Takahashi (contact) Wednesday, Aug. 29, 2012 | 2 a.m. Playing hooky can negatively impact students long-term academic success, but few teenagers know it, according to a national report on chronic absenteeism released Wednesday. About 7 million students 15 percent of all American schoolchildren miss a month or more of school each year, according to the Get Schooled Foundation. Truant students are less likely to graduate from high school or go to college than their more diligent peers, the nonprofit states in its report, Skipping to Nowhere. Although much research has been done on the correlation between attendance and student achievement, there has been little research on the mindset of teenagers who choose to skip school, said the foundations executive director Marie Groark. Thats why the foundation, in partnership with Hart Research Associates, asked more than 500 students from 25 American cities, including Las Vegas, to share their views about missing school. Heres are the key findings of Get Schooleds survey of these eighth- to 12th-graders: Truancy cuts across all student demographics. Skippers live in rural and urban school districts and represent all races. The majority of truant students come from two-parent households and report their household incomes to be average or above average. Students begin to cut school in middle school, and it becomes an established behavior by the end of ninth grade. Juniors and seniors post the highest absentee rates. Nearly half of truant students surveyed said they were absent about once a week or more. These habitual skippers are most at risk of dropping out of high school. Even students who cut class a few times a month are more likely to need remedial classes in college and are less likely to graduate from college. Although schools track truancy rates, survey respondents say teachers and parents rarely notice when they cut class. Even when adults notice, the report found that the majority of truant students faced mundane consequences, such as detention or getting grounded. 1

 The overwhelming majority of students realizes that cutting class a few times a week will cause them to fall behind in classes. However, few teenagers see any problems with skipping school a few times a month. Most students cut school because they say its boring, or they dont like the teacher or class. Some said school started too early. About two-thirds of students said they hung out with friends when playing hooky. A little more than a third said they slept when they cut class. Only 6 percent of survey respondents said they worked or took care of relatives when they cut class. Researchers pointed to New York City as a model of how school districts across the nation could address chronic absenteeism. Two years ago, Mayor Michael Bloomberg established an interagency task force to launch the citys war on truancy. One of every five students in New York City missed more than a month of school these truant students were less likely to pass state regents exams and were more likely to be arrested in the future, said Lisa Cornfield, chairwoman of the citys truancy task force. The task force started a mentoring program for 5,000 at-risk students to curb absenteeism. The group solicited help from celebrities such as Magic Johnson and Whoopi Goldberg to conduct wake-up calls to students, encouraging them to get to school on time. The city also created a data dashboard to identify at-risk students and work with them to ensure they wouldnt stop coming to class. What were doing in New York City can be applied to any city, Cornfield told reporters during a conference call Tuesday. This isnt a problem that any school district can solve on its own. In Nevada, school attendance is compulsory until age 18. The Clark County School District, which has an average 95 percent attendance rate, has taken on a number of New York Citys suggestions, including establishing a mentorship program last year to help at-risk students at 10 low-performing high schools. One of those schools, Chaparral High School, also participated last year in Get Schooleds contest to boost student attendance rates. The turnaround schools assistant principal Todd Peterson said Chaparrals attendance rate jumped three points to 93 percent last year. To reward the Chapparals improvement, Get Schooled sponsored a screening of the latest Mission Impossible movie for 1,600 students, Peterson said. However, with larger class sizes this year, making sure kids dont fall through the cracks will be difficult, he added. When you have 40 kids in a class, its a challenge, Peterson said. It could take a week or two to realize kids are missing (in class).

WHY TEENAGERS SKIPPING SCHOOL

DEFINITION

Teenagers who choose to skip school shows the less attendance and achievement to graduate.

CAUSES OF STUDENTS SKIPPING SCHOOL

1. TWO - PARENT HOUSEHOLDS

The majority of truant students come from two-parent households and they report that their household incomes to be average or above average.

2. TEACHERS CARELESS

Teachers should rarely notice their students and make sure that they free from bullying behavior.

3. CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT

Students say its boring and they dont like the teacher or the class. Some said the school started too early. Teachers have to make sure that the classroom environment makes them happy to be in school.

4. FRIENDS

Teenagers like to hung out with their friends such as playing, shopping, clubbing to enjoy their life if comparing with boring life in the school.

5. PARENTS

Parents who working, dont care about their children because they have no time to spend or manage with their children. Parents went to work early in the morning and no anyone to wake up their children to school.

CONCLUTION

To reduce the rate of skipping school should improve the school system such as create a sense of responsibility. And parents have to work out their responsibilities where their children concerned.

ARTICLE 2 : Why are some children and teens more aggressive than others?

People often seem to want a simple answer to the question of why some children and teens are more aggressive than others . Some want to blame the parents; others point to the impact of television violence or video games. In fact, the answer is much more complicated. Researchers have found a number of different "risk factors" that increase the likelihood that a child or teen will engage in aggressive behavior.

A number of individual characteristics have been shown to increase a child's risk for aggressive behavior. These include a difficult temperament as an infant, low intelligence, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and attention problems. Additionally, aggressive children frequently have poor social problem-solving skills: they often misinterpret other children's behavior as hostile, and they are often unable to find non-aggressive solutions to conflicts.

Some characteristics of the home environment can increase the risk that a child will eventually become involved in aggressive behavior. Children and teens who come from homes where parents are coercive or manipulative with their children, provide little emotional support, do not monitor their activities, or have little involvement in their lives are at greater risk for engaging in aggressive behavior. Additionally, the use of harsh punishments or inconsistent discipline has been shown to be related to aggressive behavior in children.

Because of their aggressive behavior and lack of social skills, highly aggressive children areoften rejected by their peers. This early rejection is predictive of later aggressive and violent behavior. However, by the teen years, most aggressive youth are not friendless, but have developed friendships with other teens with antisocial attitudes and behavior. Friendships with antisocial peers can be an important predictor of aggressive behavior and violence in the teenage years. Early behavior problems often lead to poor school achievement and school failure, which are important risk factors for delinquency and involvement with antisocial peer groups in the teenage years. There is now solid evidence to suggest a relationship between aggressive behavior and exposure to violent television and movies. Researchers have found that children are more physically and verbally aggressive immediately after watching violent television and movies. It is also clear that aggressive children and teens watch more violent television than their less

aggressive peers. A few studies have found that exposure to television and movie violence in childhood is related to increased aggression years later, but further research is needed in this area. The case is less strong for the link between youth violence and music videos and video games, because only a small amount of research has been conducted. There is some indication that violent music videos can increase aggressive thinking, but their impact on actual physical aggression has not been established. Violent video games do appear to have an effect on levels of physical aggression, but that effect is fairly small.

Poverty, joblessness, discrimination, and societal acceptance of aggression all increase the risk of aggressive behavior. Neighborhood factors that increase the likelihood that children and teens will become aggressive and involved in other problem behaviors include exposure to violence, the availability of drugs, alcohol and firearms, extreme poverty, neighborhood disintegration (e.g., vacant lots, graffiti, crime, drug dealing, and boarded-up houses), and resident views that are tolerant of misbehavior and violence.

Typically, the more risk factors present in a child's life, the higher the likelihood that a child or teen will tend to act aggressively. Different risk factors take on a greater or lesser importance at different stages of a child's life. While family factors appear to play an important role in the development of aggression in young children, the role of friends and peers becomes much more crucial during the teen years. Although many children are exposed to one or more of these risk factors, only a small number of children become highly aggressive. Researchers have proposed a number of protective factors, such as a commitment to school and a positive relationship with a supportive adult, may shield children and teens from developing aggressive behavior, even in the presence of a number of risk factors.

Why are some children and teens more aggressive than others?

INTRODUCTION People often give simple answer to the question by blame the parents and mass media Researchers have found risk factors which engage child and teen in aggressive behavior

1. INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTIC Difficult temperament as an infant, low intelligence, hyperactivity, impulsivity and attention problems Poor social problem-solving skills Misinterpret others behavior as hostile Unable to find non-aggressive solutions

2. HOME ENVIRONMENT
Parents are coercive or manipulative with their children provide little emotional support do not monitor children activities and have little involvement in their lives harsh punishments or inconsistent discipline

3. ANTISOCIAL PEERS
Early behavior problems lead to poor school achievement and school failure Rejected by their peers Become more aggressive and violent Friendships with antisocial peers

4. VIOLENT TELEVISION AND MOVIES

Become more physically and verbally aggressive after watch violent television and movies Encourage them to watch more violent television Violent music videos and games increase aggressive thinking although the effect is fairly small

5. SOCIETY AND ECONOMY

Poverty, joblessness, discrimination and societal acceptance Availability of drugs, alcohol and firearms Neighborhood disintegration

6. IMPACT OF FACTORS IN A CHILD LIFE

family factors in the development of aggression in young children friends and peers factors during the teen years

CONCLUSION
Only a small number of children become highly aggressive Protective factors such as a commitment to school and a positive relationship with supportive adult can prevent children and teen from engage in aggressive behavior

ARTICLE 3 Parents role in disciplining their children. It is true children these days are much cleverer and wittier, yet I wish they were witty in a good way, not the opposite. If parents refuse to have their children caned at school, they should be more strict and willing to cane them on behalf of teachers. That way, teachers are spared from having to choose the caning measure. I am a parent who does not want her children to create problems for others. I think it is my responsibility to teach my children to behave, not the teachers. But if push comes to shove, I would be glad if teachers helped me discipline my children. Parents are too lenient these days. Either that or they have too little time to focus on their children's misdeeds. Here, I am not even talking about gangsterism among children, just mere lack of focus in their studies. I have tried the more humane way on my children, giving them moral support, providing them the means to ease them to study. But they have ways to block you and your humane ways from "polluting" their set minds. They are good at nodding, pretending to understand what you mean, and when their results are far from something they can be proud of, they apologise to you. You are left with the option of letting it become water under the bridge. Hence, I don't believe children with more severe attitude problems would really be all ears to counselling. Peer pressure is far more influential than your kind words in their teenage years. At the same time, I believe parents should discipline hard, and reward just as hard. If you cane your children, you should show them your love just as much. Through that, your children would be able to separate the good, the tolerable, the bad and the really bad. I believe a lot of things need to be told specifically to your growing-up child. They may find you annoying, but they would be well-informed. But which child doesn't find his or her parents annoying these days? Better to tell them before someone tells them otherwise. It is also a good strategy that benefits both you and your children; they won't be able to use your lack of affection in their defence. But above all, you should be sincere in showing your love. Before they reach the age when they hardly want to socialise with you, do make sure that they know how much you love them. Despite the caning, and no matter what happens, family is where their hearts are.

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Parents role in disciplining their children.

Definition

Parents playing the important role to discipline their children.

Way to discipline children.

1. STRICT AND CANE

Parents refuse to have their children. They should be more strict and willing to cane them on behalf of teachers. Should be done in calm, cold manner and proceeded by an explanation why they punished.

2. SPEND TIME WITH CHILDREN

Parents shold have time to focus on their childrens misdeeds. Help them focus in their studies. Playing with them.

3. MORAL SUPPORT

Parents should give them moral support by try the more humane way on their children. Using encouraging words such as I love you, thats great, dont give up.

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4. BY SHOWING LOVE AND CARE

Parents should showing love on their children how much they love on them. Parents should care on them such as studies, take nutrient foods, bring them outing and so on.

5. BECOME A FRIEND

Parents should able to be a friend with their children, where they can share their feelings. Using kind words. Explain them how to separate the good, the tolerable, the bad and the really bad things.

Conclusion

Parents should talk calmly about the ways to deal with it. Its help children learn to be responsible for their behavior.

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INDISCIPLINE AMONG TEENAGERS

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REFLECTION It is merely a joy to be in Puan Nurliza Othmans ELP class. To be frank, I love to attend her class because I like the way she taught lesson. What impressed me is her appearance. It is a true fact that students will love a subject if they like the teacher. So am I. I was given a task for my assignment and it was a bit tough for me at first. Later, with the guidelines from my beloved lecturer, I managed to finish them. However, I encountered several problems while doing this assignment. The first problem was to find suitable articles that have the same theme. I searched in many books and magazines but could not find one. Finally, I managed to get it from the internet. As I was doing the assignment, I had difficult situation to categorize the articles and so on. So, I had to find my friends to get help. After my friends gave me some examples and explanation about the articles, it was so easy to overcome the topic. So, I started to work on them peacefully. My second problem was to understand and summarize the articles into power point presentation. I have problems in understanding those articles especially the article that chosen by myself. Moreover is doing mind map. Now I realize that through mind map, we can understand article better. So, I after reading, I made several questions and answer them myself for a better mind map. It helped me to understand the article a bit more. Finally, with the help from peers, I managed to understand and summarize those articles well. The three articles are about discipline among teenagers. As a future mother, these articles assisted me to understand better about teenagers. Even though I had read various type of article before, now I believe that I have more knowledge about the discipline. Until l read this article I was thinking that how despicable parental way of the parents or the teenagers who responsible for their future. Finally, I would like to thank my beloved lecturer, Pn. Nurliza Othman for giving me such a task and for guiding me well in order to complete this assignment.

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COLLABORATION FORM

NAME

OPTION LECTURERS NAME

: :

DATE

TITLE OF DISCUSSED

NOTE

SIGNATURE

06.08.2012

Receice the coursework

Lecturer gave some information

07.08.2012

Devided the coursework and Searched for articles

Search some information in internet

14.08.2012

Discuss with lecturer

Collect information

20.08.2012

Prepared Graphic organizer for each article

27.08.2012

Prepared oral presentation with friends

Power point

28.08.2012

Prepared critical reflection

03.09.2012

Handover the course work

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causes of teenagers bad discipline ppt - Google Search. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.google.com.my/search?hl=en&newwindow=1&q=causes%20of%20teenager s%20bad%20discipline%20ppt&um=1&ie=UTF8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=mrZAUMD7CYrjrAfdsoG4Cg&biw=1007 &bih=443&sei=pLlAUPH8HMjQrQfJnYDADQ

causes, impact and solution for teenagers discipline ppt - Google Search. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.google.com.my/search?hl=en&newwindow=1&q=causes%2C+impact+and+ solution+for+teenagers+discipline+ppt&oq=causes%2C+impact+and+solution+for+teen agers+discipline+ppt&gs_l=serp.3...123797.167070.0.167786.65.56.0.5.5.0.709.12280.1 6j11j6j8j4j4j2.54.0.

Types Of Child Discipline | LIVESTRONG.COM. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/97795-types-child-discipline/

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