KREATIVITI DAN INOVASI (CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION) (UPA 20102)

PN. ROSHARTINI OMAR Level 7 (J-701-12)

WHAT IS CREATIVITY?
Creativity plays a critical role in innovation

process. Creativity sparks the initial idea. It also helps to improve the idea as it moves forward. Creativity is an essential building block for innovation. Creativity alone, to come with ideas is not enough.

WHAT IS CREATIVITY?
To reap the benefits one needs to do

something about it. In implementation of commercialization it involve putting ideas into practice. Creativity is coming up with the idea in the first place. Creativity is essential part of innovation. It is a point of departure.

WHAT IS CREATIVITY?
One of the big concern for many companies is

therefore how to generate more and better ideas- how to become more creative.

CREATIVITY
Creativity is essential if a concept is to be

novel and useful and offer real competitive advantage to the organization. Creativity is often identify by the presence of inspiration, cognitive leads, and intuitive insights in addition of originality to the innovation. .

CREATIVITY
Expertise Expertise is the technical and intellectual knowledge people posses and the manner in which the organization manages this collective knowledge. This is a learning process for the individual over a long time frame. Creative thinking involves the persons

technical and procedural skills at problem solving and idea generation.

CREATIVITY
These skills can be learned but usually over a much

shorter time frame.

Motivation Motivation results from the intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing a person to be creative

WHAT IS INNOVATION?
Innovation word come from Latin means root

or new. MIT professor Ed Roberts defined innovation as invention plus exploitation Innovation is the embodiment, combination or synthesis of knowledge in original, relevant, valued new products, process or services.

THE INNOVATION PROCESS

IDEA GENERATION

OPPORTUNITY RECONITION

DEVELOPMENT

COMMERCIAL IZATION

IDEA EVALUATION

INNOVATION PROCESS

IDEA GENERATION EVALUATION DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION

INNOVATION PROCESS
Innovation as a process requiring 4 stages: a) Idea generation having idea in the first place b) Evaluation Selecting the idea you wish to progress c) Development Refining the idea from concept to working reality d) Implementation making the idea happen for real

INNOVATION PROCESS The process begins with two creative acts: idea generation and opportunity recognition. A person develop an insight with something new Idea generation sometimes takes the form of technical insigth with no apparent commercial application.

INNOVATION PROCESS
Opportunity recognition occurs says, This

material weve invented might value to customers and our shareholders or If we could solve this problem, we could create value for our customers and our shareholders or We might produce this product with huge cost advantage

INNOVATION PROCESS
When the opportunity recognized, idea must

for evaluation by decision makers. Several questions need answers: a) Will the idea work? b) Does the company have the technical knowhow to makes it work?

INNOVATION PROCESS
c) Does the idea fit well with company strategy? d) Does it makes sense from a cost perspective? Ideas that obtain organization support are moved into some form of idea development. Commercialization is the final test for these ideas.

PERANGSANG KEPADA KREATIVITI

Gen 2. Etnik 3. Pembelajaran 4. Strategi menyelesaikan masalah 5. Motivasi 6. Pengalaman awal 7. Inteligen 8. Ciri-ciri peribadi 9. Pengalaman peribadi 10. Sikap 11. Kepercayaan 12. Kepimpinan (Simonton, 1994, Understanding Creativity, pg 6)
1.

PERANGSANG KEPADA KREATIVITI

Osman (2005): 4 Elemen untuk menjadi kreatif: 1. Menggunakan seluruh otak 2. Meluaskan persepsi 3. Memupuk sikap 4. Menggunakan teknik-teknik untuk menjana idea.

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

1. Kepercayaan bahawa dirinya tidak 2. 3. 4.

5.
6. 7.

kreatif Kebimbangan-kebimbangan Halangan sikap Halangan persepsi Halangan budaya Halangan intelektual Halangan organisasi

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

1. Kepercayaan bahawa dirinya tidak

kreatif: - percaya bahawa diri tidak kreatif - tiada keyakinan diri - tiada motivasi diri - percaya bahawa sifat kreatif adalah anugerah semulajadi dan bukan semua orang boleh jadi kreatif

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

Kebimbangan-kebimbangan: - Bimbang dianggap ganjil; - Bimbang dipinggirkan; - Bimbang dikritik; - Bimbang mendapat malu; - Bimbang usaha gagal; - Bimbang idea tidak diterima masyarakat; - Idea baru masih terikat dengan paten lama kerana percaya yang lama masih berkesan.

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

Halangan sikap: - Sikap negatif kepada idea-idea baru; - Sikap tidak konstruktif kepada ideaidea baru; - Tidak gemar dan tidak suka berubah; - Tidak fleksibel.

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

Halangan Persepsi: - Melihat sesuatu situasi daripada persepsi sendiri sahaja; - Melihat sesuatu situasi daripada persepsi yang sempit; - Melihat sesuatu situasi daripada satu persepsi sahaja; - Tidak mahu melihat sesuatu situasi daripada persepsi-persepsi lain; - Ego menghadkan persepsi.

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

Halangan budaya: - nilai-nilai di dalam budaya yang menghalang idea-idea yang radikal; - Nilai-nilai dalam budaya yang menyekat tindakan atau pola kelakuan yang berbeza dari yang sedia ada; - Terlalu patuh kepada peraturanperaturan dalam budaya sehingga menghalang perubahan.

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

Halangan intelektual: - Berdasarkan pengetahuan, pengalaman dan pendidikan yang tinggi, individu intelek mempunyai pemerhatian yang lebih tajam berbanding oranglain; - Apabila mereka menggunakan kelebihannya untuk menilai idea di peringkat awal, ia membawa akibat negatif; - Kritikan idea dan penolakan idea di peringkat awal penjanaan idea menyekat pembangunan idea seterusnya; - Ego juga menjadi punca penolakan idea daripada orang lain; - Peluang individu berkenaan untuk menerima maklumat-maklumat baru menjadi lebih terhad.

HALANGAN KEPADA KREATIVITI

Halangan organisasi: - Organisasi yang tidak menyatakan komitmen kepada kreativiti; - Organisasi yang tidak membuktikan komitmen kepada organisasi; - Organisasi yang tidak secara terbuka memudahkan laluan penyampaian idea-idea baru dari bawah kepada pengurusan; - Organisasi yang tidak serius memberi pengiktirafan kepada pemberi-pemberi idea baru; - Organisasi yang terlalu rigid, iaitu berpegang teguh kepada struktur organisasi; - Organisasi yang tidak serius dalam memberi peluang dan pendedahan kepada kreativiti.