Answer all 10 questions. 1. Particles mass moving in a fluid experience a drag force given by = + . is the particle speed.

Determine the time required for the particle to accelerate to 95% of the terminal velocity from rest in terms of , , ,and acceleration due to gravity. or In a combustion process, gasoline particles are to be dropped in air. The air temperature is 300K and the viscosity of air is 1.983 10 . The density of gasoline at 300K is 720 / . The particles have to drop by 25cm in 1 sec to reach the flame. Determine the diameter of the particle required for reaching the flame. What are the assumptions you have made and are they justified? The drag force on a spherical particle is given by =3 where is the viscosity of the fluid medium, is the velocity of the particle and is the particle diameter. 2. The velocity field = , where = 3 can be interpreted to represent a flow in a corner. Find an equation for the flow streamlines and explain the relevance of A. Plot two streamlines in the first and second quadrant. Also, plot the streamline, which passes through the point( = 0, = 0) . or An ice skater weighing 500 , glides on a skate at speed 5 / .The weight of the skater is supported by a thin film of water melted from the ice by the pressure of the skate blade. The blade is 0.3 long and 3 wide. The water film formed under the blade is 0.00015 thick. Calculate the distance travelled by the skater before the skater comes to rest. 3. An inverted cylindrical container is lowered slowly beneath the surface of a liquid. Air trapped in the container is isothermally compressed as the cylinder is lowered. Develop an expression for the liquid height inside the cylinder, as a function of the density of the liquid, depth of immersion . or The inclined manometer has diameters and as shown in the figure below. Determine the angle required to provide a 4:1 increase in liquid deflection L compared with the total deflection in a regular U-tube manometer of the same dimensions. What is the sensitivity of the inclined tube manometer?

4. A cylindrical holding tank has a 3 ID and a height of 4 . There is an inlet pipe of diameter 10 , an outlet of 8 and a drain. The tank is initially empty and filled by turning on the

inlet pump. The velocity of flow is 4 / . When the tank level reaches 1 , the exit pump is switch on. The velocity of flow is 3 / . When the level of the tank reaches 4 , the drain is turned on to maintain the water level in the tank. Calculate the following a. when the exit pump is turned on b. when the drain is opened c. the diameter of the drain pipe or A cone of half angle , with maximum diameter , height drains through a diameter . If the liquid height level is , find the rate of change the surface level of water in the cone. 5. Consider a flow field represented by the stream function a possible 2-dimensional incompressible flow? or (1 / ). The velocity profile for a fully developed flow in a circular tube is = Evaluate the rates of linear and angular deformation for this flow. Obtain an expression for the vorticity vector, . 6. You put your hand out when a car is being driven at 30kmph. Assuming that the stagnation pressure acts on the entire face of your palm, calculate the net force on your hand. Do the same for a car driven at 60kmph. Are the numbers realistic? Can you justify the simplifications we have assumed? or A can of coke has pinhole through which it leaks. The leak reaches to a height of 0.5m. What is the pressure inside the can? The specific gravity of coke is 1.1. 7. An unsteady, 2-dimensional, compressible, inviscid flow can be described by the equation + ( + )+( ) ( ) +2 =0 = /2( + +2 ). Is this

where is the stream function, and are the components of the velocities in the x and y direction, is the local speed of sound and is the time. Using as a characteristic length and as the speed of sound at the stagnation point, convert the above equation into a dimensionless form. Are any dimensionless groups required for the above equation? or The time for oil to drain out of a viscosity calibration container depends on the fluid velocity and density the orifice diameter and the acceleration due to gravity . Use dimensional analysis to find the functional dependence of on the other variables. 8. Consider incompressible flow in a circular channel. Assuming the definition of Reynold's number, develop the expressions for a. volume flow rate and tube diameter

b. mass flow rate and tube diameter or A hydraulic jack supports a load of 9000kg. The length and diameter of the piston are 100mm and 150mm respectively and the radial clearance is 0.04mm. Find the leakage rate of the oil with viscosity 3.0 10 / . 9. A 1 1.5 piece of plywood is attached to the roof of your vehicle after being purchased from a hardware store. At what speed is will the boundary layer start to become turbulent? The viscosity of air is 1.5 10 / . or The velocity profile is for a laminar flow given by = + sin( ) + . State the boundary conditions for applicable for laminar flow profile and evaluate the constants in the above expression. 10. Consider fully developed laminar flow in a circular tube. Evaluate the kinetic energy coefficient in the tube. Note that the definition of = / where is the average velocity in the tube and is the area of the tube. or An approximation for the velocity profile in a laminar boundary layer is given by 3 1 = 2 2 Does this expression satisfy the laminar boundary conditions? Evaluate / and / .