Statistic VOCABULARY

Measurement (Medicion): Is the process of assigning a number to an attribute (or phenomenon) according to a rule or set of rules. The term can also be used to refer to the result obtained after performing the process.

Population (Poblacion) Refers to a complete set of individuals, objects, or events that belong to some category.

Sample (Muestra) Refers to some subset of a population that is representative of the total population.

Statistic (Estadistico) As a function of a sample where the function itself is independent of the sample's distribution: the term is used both for the function and for the value of the function on a given sample.

Parameter (Parametro) Is a numerical quantity measuring some aspect of a population of scores.

Inference (Inferencia) Is the act or process of deriving a conclusion from premises.

Variable (Variable) Any measured characteristic or attribute that differs for different subjects.

Qualitative Variable (Variables Cualitativas) Describe data in terms of quality.

Quantitative Variable (Variables Cuantitativas)

Describes data in terms of quantity and often using a numerical figure to represent something in a statement.

Discrete Variables (Variables Discretas) Numbers that can have only certain specific numerical value that can be clearly separated from each other.

Continuous Variables (Variables Continuas) Numbers that may take any value.

Arithmetic Mean (Media aritmetica) Is the sum of all the scores divided by the number of scores.

Variance (Variance) The average squared deviation of each number from its mean.

Standard Deviation (Desv. Estandar) It is the square root of the variance.

Proportion (Proporcion) Is the original and simplest problem in fair division.

Correlation (Correlacion) Degree to which variables are related

Median (Mediana) The middle value when the measurements are arranged in order from least to greatest.

Mode (Moda) Is the value most frequently observed in a study.

Variability (Variabilidad) The state or characteristic of being variable. Describes how spread out or closely clustered a set of data is.

Range (Rango) The difference between the largest and smallest observation.

Random (Aleatorio) Lack of order, purpose, cause or predictability.

Constraint (Restriccion) Is a condition that a solution to an optimization problem must satisfy.

Coefficient (Coeficiente) Is a constant multiplicative factor of a certain object.

Frequency Distribution (Dist. De Frecuencias) Data is often presented as lists, ordered by quantity, showing the number of times each value appears.

Covariance (Covarianza) Is a measure of how much two variables change together

Summation (Sumatoria) Is the addition of a set of numbers; the result is their sum or total.