Evelyn Raby Unit 1 Definitions Chapter 1 Advanced practice registered nurse- psychiatric mental health: A nurse generalist who

has obtained additional training to provide care as a clinical nurse specialist with advanced nursing expertise or as a nurse practitioner who diagnoses, prescribes, and treats psychiatric disorders. Basic level registered nurse: Any nurse with basic training (diploma, associate degree, baccalaureate degree) in nursing. Any nurse with basic training (diploma, associate degree, baccalaureate degree) in nursing Clinical epidemiology: Science of making predictions about individual patients by counting clinical events in groups of similar patients and using strong scientific methods to ensure that the predictions are accurate. (an approach to obtaining the kind of information that clinicians need to make good decisions in care of patients.) Comorbid condition: having more than one mental disorder at a time Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision DSM-IV-TRI Electronic healthcare: the provision of health care through methods which are not face-to-face but rathar through an electronic medium Epidemiology: Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people. Evidenced based practice: clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences Incidence: rate of occurrence; particular occurrence; Ex. high incidence of infant mortality Mental health: the state of mental well-being in which one can cope with the demands of daily life Mental health continuum: line used to represent levels of mental health and mental illness that vary from person to person and vary for a particular person over time Mental illness: a psychological dysfunction experienced by an individual which usually involves distress, impairment in the ability to cope with everyday life, and thoughts, feelings and/or behavior that are not typical of the person or appropriate within their society and/or culture. Nursing interventions classification (NIC): comprehensive, validated list of nursing interventions applicable to all settings that can by used by nursing

Nursing outcomes classification (NOC): a taxonomy for describing client outcomes that respond to nursing interventions Phenomena of concern: The central interests of a particular discipline. In nursing they are commonly considered to be person, health, environment, and nursing Prevalence: The percentage of a population that exhibits a disorder during a specified time period Psychiatric mental health nursing: A core mental health that employs a purposeful use of self as its art and a wide range of nursing, psychosocial and neurobiological theories as its science Psychiatrys definition of mental illness: Registered nurse-psychiatric mental health (RN-PMH): a nursing graduate who possesses a diploma, associate degree, or baccalaureate degree and chooses to work in the specialty of psychiatric mental nursing Resilience: the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma Chapter 2 Automatic thoughts: rapid, unthinking responses based on schemas Behavioral therapy: this therapy is effective in treating people with phobias, alcoholism, schizophrenia, and many other conditions. There are four types of this therapy: -modelingoperant conditioning-systemic desensitization-aversion therapy. Biofeedback: a clinical technique used to help a person learn to relax by monitoring muscle tension, heart rate, brainwave activity, or other body activities Classical conditioning: A type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT): based on the underlying theoretical principle that how people feel and behave is largely determined by the way they think about the world and their place in it. attitudes or assumptions developed from previous experiences. Cognitive distortions: Irrational thoughts that arise from systematic bias in the way a person thinks about reality Conditioning: a method of controlling or influencing the way people or animals behave or think by using a gradual training process Conscious: part of mind that Freud described as containing all the material a person is aware of at any one time

Countertransference: the health care workers unconscious, personal response to the patient. For instance, if the pt reminds you of someone you do not like, you may unconsciously react as if the pt were that individual. Defense mechanism: in psychoanalytic theory, the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality Ego: the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality Extinction: a conditioning process in which the reinforcer is removed and a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned stimulus Id: the part of the unconscious personality that contains our needs, drives, instincts, and repressed material Interpersonal psychotherapy: A form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships Milieu therapy: 24 hour environmental therapy to shelter, protect, support by assisting patients with learning to manage/cope with stress and understand how to correct maladaptive behaviors Negative reinforcement: increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs Positive reinforcement: increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response. Preconscious: in Freud's theory, the level of consciousness in which thoughts and feelings are not conscious but are readily retrievable to consciousness Psychodynamic therapy: Therapy that seeks to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious into the conscious, where patients may deal with the problems more effectively Punishment: can be either positive or negative, intended to reduce the occurrence of a behavior Reinforcement: (psychology) a stimulus that strengthens or weakens the behavior that produced it Superego: the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations Transference: (psychoanalysis) the process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another

Unconscious: according to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware Chapter 4 Admission criteria: criteria for admitting patient to an inpatient psychiatric unit. Must be danger to self or others and/or unable to care for basic needs. Clinical pathway: a written plan identifying predetermined times that specific nursing and medical interventions will be implemented. Codes: psychiatric emergencies Elopement: escapes or leaves psych facility without medical authorization Managed behavioral healthcare organizations (MBHOs): managed care plans that develop separately from medical services to provide mental health and substance abuse treatment Managed care plans: care plans that provide members with a list of health care provides they may visit: either they cover the entire cost or collect co-pays from members Mental health parity: recognition by health insurance companies that mental illness is just as debilitating and in need of proper treatment as physical illness Milieu: physical and social environment of an individual Multidisciplinary treatment plan: plan developed with input from a diverse group of providers Psychiatric care management: program that coordinates services for individual patient care Psychosocial rehabilitation: the development of the skills necessary for a person with chronic mental illness to live independently Chapter 5 Assertive community treatment (ACT): an intensive type of case management developed in response to community living needs of people with serious, persistent psychiatric symptoms and patterns of repeated hospitalization Barriers to treatment: stigma, geographic, financial and systems factors that impede access to psychiatric care Continuum of psychiatric mental health treatment: levels of treatment following discharge from acute care hospital from high to low levels of intensity and are not necessarily step by step Decompensation: deterioration of mental health

Deinstitutionalization: shifting psychiatric patients from state hospitals to the community Ethical dilemmas: a situation in which there is a conflict between two or more courses of action, each carrying favorable and unfavorable consequences Serious mental illness: mental disorders that interfere with some areas of social functioning