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Title: Cable Installation Specification

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Zone Applicable: EPN and LPN Version: 1.0 Prepared by: Paul Williams Issue date: 11th December 2002 Approved by: Paul Dyer

This Document Forms Part Of The Companys Integrated Management System And Its Requirements Are Mandatory Throughout 24seven. Departure from These Requirements may only be taken With the Written Approval of the Technical Standards Manager

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Contents

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References................................................................................................................. 4 British Standard Documents ................................................................................... 4 Electricity Association Technical Specifications...................................................... 4 New Roads and Streetworks Act, 1991 .................................................................. 4 NJUG National Joint Utilities Group Publications................................................. 4 Health and Safety and Environmental .................................................................... 4 Definitions .................................................................................................................. 4 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. 5 1 Scope of the Specification................................................................................... 6 2 Specific Requirements ........................................................................................ 6 2.1 Route Selection and Design ............................................................................ 6 2.2 Excavation and Reinstatement ........................................................................ 6 2.2.1 New Roads and Streetworks Act 1991 ..................................................... 6 2.2.2 Method of Excavation ............................................................................... 7 2.2.3 Location of Existing Apparatus and Safe Working Practices .................... 7 2.2.4 General Safety Considerations................................................................. 7 2.2.5 Excavation Works - removal of surfaces .................................................. 8 2.2.6 Depth of Cover ......................................................................................... 8 2.2.7 Trench Excavation.................................................................................... 8 2.2.8 Laying of pipes and ducts......................................................................... 9 2.2.9 Direct laid cable........................................................................................ 9 2.2.10 Cable Protection..................................................................................... 10 2.2.10.1 Cable Warning Markers ...................................................................... 10 2.2.10.2 Cable drawn into Ducts or Pipes......................................................... 10 2.2.11 Joint Bay Bases...................................................................................... 11 2.2.12 Water Courses ....................................................................................... 11 2.2.13 Damage to Buried Services.................................................................... 12 2.2.14 Contamination ........................................................................................ 12 2.2.15 Tree Roots.............................................................................................. 12 2.2.16 Hedgerows and Fences ......................................................................... 12 2.2.17 Quality Control and Records .................................................................. 12 2.3 Interim and Permanent Reinstatement Works ............................................... 13 2.3.1 General................................................................................................... 13 2.3.2 Reinstatement Specification ................................................................... 13 2.3.3 Reinstatement Defects ........................................................................... 13 Appendix A - Normal Depths of Cover ..................................................................... 14 Appendix B - Recommended Minimum Cable Bending Radii .................................. 15 Appendix C Typical Cross Sections of Single Cable Laying Arrangements .......... 16

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Revision Amendments 1.0 Original Issue Authorised by P. Williams

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Date 11-12-2002

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References This specification makes reference to, and, where applicable, shall be read in conjunction with the documents listed below. It should be noted that this list is not exhaustive and other relevant standards, specifications, approved codes of practice and statutory regulations may be applicable. British Standard Documents BS 6031:1981 Code of Practice for Earthworks Electricity Association Technical Specifications EATS 09-2 EATS 09-6 EATS 12-23 EATS 12-24 Installation of 33kV and higher voltage power cables and associated auxiliary cables Auxiliary, multi-core and multi-pair cables Polyethylene protection tape for buried electric cables Plastic ducts for buried electric cables

New Roads and Streetworks Act, 1991 HAUC Code of Practice: Specification for the Excavation and Reinstatement of Openings in Highways HAUC Code of Practice for Inspections Safety at Street Works and Road Works A code of Practice 2001 NJUG National Joint Utilities Group Publications No.4 No.7 No.9 No.10 Identification of small buried mains and services Recommended positioning of Utilities mains and plant for new works Recommendations for the exchange of Records of Apparatus between Utilities Guidelines for the Planning, Installation & Maintenance of Utility Services in Proximity to Trees

Health and Safety and Environmental Health & Safety at Work etc Act 1974 24seven Distribution Safety Rules (DSR) & associated Codes of Practice HSE Notes of Guidance HS (G) 47 - Avoiding Danger from Underground Services HSE Notes of Guidance HS (G) 185 Health & Safety in Excavations Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 COSHH Regulations 1994 Confined Spaces Regulations 1997 Noise at Work Regulations 1989 PPE at Work Regulations 1992 The Construction (Design & Management) Regulation 1994 Environmental Protection Act 1990 and associated Codes of Practice Controlled Waste (registration of Carriers and Seizure of Vehicles) Regulations 1991 Railway Provisions Schedule of General and Engineering Conditions

Definitions Contractor Supplier Person or Company carrying out the Works under Contract to 24 Seven Utility Services Ltd. A manufacturer, or other organisation, supplying equipment for use by 24 Seven Utility Services Ltd.

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AIRline Abbreviations EATS CDM QA COSHH NRSWA HAUC DNO Electricity Association Technical Specification Construction (Design & Management) Regulations 1994 Quality Assurance Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations New Roads & Street Works Act Highways Authorities and Utilities Committee Distribution Network Owner

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24sevens internal accident, incident, near misses and hazard reporting system. Low Voltage (LV) A voltage not exceeding 1000 volts AC. High Voltage (HV) A voltage exceeding 1000 volts AC.

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1 Scope of the Specification This specification defines the technical requirements for civil works relating to the installation of power cables, auxiliary muliticore and multipair cables and associated ancillary equipment (protective covers, ducts, markers etc). This policy does not include the requirements for installation of cable accessories, such as joints and terminations. 2 2.1 Specific Requirements Route Selection and Design

Careful consideration must be given to select the most cost-effective and environmentally aware route for installation of cables. Route surveys should include investigation of the following: The position of other utilities plant/services, Land ownership private, public and local authority; Land use and possible future development; Existing environment (water table, contamination, SSSI, wildlife conservation etc); Special engineering difficulties (bridges, culverts etc); Traffic management (including pedestrians & public transport); Make up of ground (road type, soil structure etc); NRSWA (Section 58 restrictions etc); Feasibility of using Trenchless technology techniques (e.g. directional drilling); Positioning of joint/pulling pits. Where multiple cables are to be installed along the same route the rating, conductor size and/or separation of circuits shall be determined using the following factors: Thermal resistivity of surrounding soil; Thermal resistivity of the back-fill material; Expected loading on each circuit for all likely network conditions; Level of system security required for given circuits; Sharing of load in parallel connected cables. Where practicable, cables are to positioned in footpaths in accordance with the recommendations of NJUG 7, Recommended Positioning of Utilities Mains and Plant for New Works. 2.2 2.2.1 Excavation and Reinstatement New Roads and Streetworks Act 1991

All works in public highway are to comply with the requirements, specifications and codes of practice of the New Roads and Streetworks Act (NRSWA) 1991, in particular: Chapter 8 of the Traffic Signs Manual and; The HAUC Specification for the Reinstatement of Openings in Highways.

The above standards of reinstatement, signing and guarding shall also be applied to works on private property. All works in the Highway must be covered by the appropriate local/street authority notification, as defined by NRSWA 1991.

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2.2.2 Method of Excavation

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The most cost-effective method of excavation and installation shall be employed so as to minimise soil structure damage, tree root damage, reinstatement cost and liability etc. Trenchless Technology methods of duct installation (such as directional drilling) should be considered as the preferred method of installation whenever practicable. 2.2.3 Location of Existing Apparatus and Safe Working Practices All excavation work shall be carried out in accordance with the 24seven Distribution Safety Rules, EPN area Approval 56 or LPN area COP 2. 24seven shall be responsible for the provision of all records relating to existing cables, which are owned and operated by EPN, LPN and NGC in the vicinity of all Works. The person or Contractor responsible for the Works shall obtain all other Undertakers records. All records must be in the possession of the person in charge of the Works on site before work starts. The person in charge on site is responsible for establishing an appropriate safe system of work, prior to undertaking any Works. It is essential that all cables and electrical apparatus shall be treated as live unless proved dead. Any safe system of work shall involve the use of all information available relating to the location of cables (e.g. cable route records) and the use of cable locating devices. These methods shall be used to ascertain the presence of all cables, both prior to and during the excavation Works. In addition, safe digging techniques such as the excavation of trial holes and the use of hand tools only shall be employed. When the top surface of a road/footpath has been broken by mechanical means in the vicinity of live electric cables, the excavation shall then continue using hand tools only. No mechanical excavation shall take place within 500mm of live cables until the depth and exact position of the cables has been established. Power tools shall then only be used under the controlled conditions outlined in 24seven Distribution Safety Rules, EPN area Approval 56 or LPN area COP 2. 2.2.4 General Safety Considerations All Works carried out shall be achieved with the minimum disruption to other users of the carriageway or footpath and must take into account the safety, health and welfare at work of all person involved including Contractors, Subcontractors and 24sevens staff and all members of the public. All barriers, signs and lights necessary for the safety of the public shall be in position before any Works commence and shall be maintained and adjusted during the whole period of the Works. Excavations shall not be left unguarded at anytime, even when temporarily vacating the site. Where the Works will dislocate traffic flows and a system of traffic management or traffic diversion is necessary, suitable arrangements shall be made with the Police and Highway Authority. All digging work shall be carried out using forks that have had their tines blunted to reduce the likelihood of damage to unidentified electricity cables and enhance the safety for the operator.

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All Works below the concrete slab level associated with HV cables shall be undertaken using beaded shovels. 2.2.5 Excavation Works - removal of surfaces Before disturbing any paving slabs, kerbs, or other prefabricated paving material, agreement shall be sought with the Highway Authority, over the quantity of already broken materials or any other failures of previous reinstatement works specified in the appropriate HAUC Specification. Paving stones shall be lifted without damage and carefully stacked aside for reuse. Excavation works in concrete or flexible constructed roads shall be carried out as specified in the appropriate HAUC Specification. 2.2.6 Depth of Cover Standard depths of cover, measured from the top of the cable or duct to the finished level of the reinstated ground, are shown in Appendix A. All Persons or Contractors shall ensure that all cables are laid at or below minimum depths of cover, Except where special engineering difficulties exist, in this case the required additional precautions shall be agreed in writing with 24seven. Specifically, cable laid at shallow depths can be protected by installing steel plates directly above them, with tiletape placed on top to identify that electricity cables are installed below. Multi-core and multi-pair cables which are to be laid in the same trench, should normally comply with the depth requirements of the associated power cables, except where cable groupings and induced voltages require them to be installed above the power cable circuits. 2.2.7 Trench Excavation Trenches shall be excavated to dimensions appropriate for the types and quantity of apparatus to be installed. 24sevens standard installation arrangements for single LV, 11kV and 33kV cables are shown in Appendix C, for guidance. All trenches containing multiple circuits or HV cables shall be agreed in writing with 24seven, prior to commencement of the works. Trenches shall be kept as straight as possible and shall have vertical sides. The bottom of each trench shall be firm and of smooth contour. The person in charge on site shall take all reasonable precautions to prevent damage to the highway or ground surface from a slip or breaking away of the sides of the trench. The provisions of B.S.6031 - 1981 (Code of Practice of Earthworks) shall be followed as far as practicable. The person in charge on site must provide support for all trenches with vertical sides that are greater in depth, than 1.2 metres in accordance with B. S. 6031. The material excavated from the trench will normally be taken away from site and the import of type 1 material will be carried out for the reinstatement works. However, where the material excavated from the trench is to be reused it shall be placed so as to prevent unnecessary nuisance or damage to adjacent hedges, trees, ditches, drains, gateways and other property etc. Excavated material shall be stacked so as to avoid undue interference with traffic. Where, because of traffic or other considerations, this is not permissible, the excavated material shall be removed from the site and then returned for refilling the trench following the completion of the cable installation.

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Storage of materials deemed suitable for re-use shall be stored as specified in the appropriate HAUC Specification. 2.2.8 Laying of pipes and ducts The standard ducts shall be black corrugated double walled polyethylene complying with EATS standard 12-24. Selection of a given duct size is to be made according to prospective overall cable diameter. HDPE ducting may be used, if specified by the 24 Seven Project Manager, where greater mechanical protection is required. Ducts shall be used for all road crossings. Draw-wires shall be installed and draw-pits constructed at every change of direction. Where ducts or cables enter buildings above or below ground, they shall be plugged to prevent the ingress of noxious fumes, or inflammable or explosive gases, and water into the substation building. Where cables pass between floors of a building, any ducts or slots in the floors shall be sealed to prevent possible spread of fire. All trenches or ducts entering a building must be effectively sealed whether or not cables have been installed. Pipes and ducts when laid shall be surrounded by 110mm thickness of fine stone free soil. Alternatively, if instructed by 24sevens Project Manager the pipes and ducts shall be laid and surrounded by a minimum of 75mm radial thickness of lean concrete which complies with Department of Transport Specification for Highways Clause 1001 C10 mix. After installation all pipes and ducts shall be tested to ensure that they are correctly aligned, by drawing a mandrel through, of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of the pipe or duct. The mouths of the pipes or ducts shall then be temporarily sealed. 2.2.9 Direct laid cable Cable shall be handled at all times in a proper manner to prevent any damage. The radius of any bend or coil shall not be less than that recommended in Appendix B. Sufficient men and equipment must be available to handle the cable efficiently and without causing damage to other Utility plant when installed. Cable pulling by winch of a type previously approved in writing by 24sevens Project Manager and fitted with a calibrated dynamometer will be permitted. The maximum pulling force must not exceed the value stipulated by the cable manufacturer. Immediately following the installation of cables and / or their testing, the ends of each cable are to be inspected and made secure against the ingress of moisture. Where more than one cable is being installed each end shall be clearly identified by the use of coloured tapes or similar product. Following installation all cables, operating at voltages below 22kV, will be blinded with fine stone free soil, to the full width of the trench and to a minimum depth of 75mm. Where 24sevens Project Manager considers the soil unsuitable, an approved suitable material such as fine washed stone free sand shall be imported for the bed and surround to the cable. After any cable has been laid in a trench, or until all the cables have been installed in the trench have been protected no sharp tool shall be used in the trench or placed in such a position that they could fall into the trench.

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2.2.10 Cable Protection 2.2.10.1 Cable Warning Markers

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When installing HV cables sufficient rollers of a type approved by 24seven shall be employed. They shall have no sharp or projecting metal parts or other imperfections liable to damage the cables.

All direct laid 6.6/11kv cables, LV mains and LV service cables laid direct both on public and private property shall be protected with a Polyethylene tiletape, in accordance with EATS 1223, installed at 150mm approximately above the cable, but not less than 100mm. The protection tape will carry the inscription of the relevant DNO. Tiletape is 2.5mm thick, re-constituted LDPE with yellow marker tape laminated to its surface. All direct laid cables of 22kV and above shall have Stokboard marker tiles installed 200mm above the cable. Stokboard shall be 12mm thick and manufactured from re-constituted plastic, 250mm wide and 1m in length. The topside is coloured red with yellow marker tape laminated to it. Concrete marker posts or warning diamonds shall be used as specified for marking the presence of cables crossing watercourses etc. Tile tape/Stokboard does not need to be installed above ducts or where cables are installed in agricultural land at the depths specified in accordance with Appendix A. Where existing cables have been uncovered, the appropriate marker must always be installed over the entire length of exposed cable during backfilling and reinstatement. The protection tape shall be cut with a hacksaw and must be cut and overlaid at bends to provide continuous cover over the cable. Where cables have to laid close to the surface, due to site conditions and do not comply with the minimum depth requirements in Appendix A, additional mechanical protection shall be provided. This shall take the form of steel plates installed directly over the equipment to be protected. The steel plates used shall be of equivalent width to the Polyethylene tiletape, in accordance with EATS 12-23. All steel plates shall be covered with Tiletape to identify the presence of electricity cables installed below them. Cable protection covers on HV cables (22-132kV) shall comply with BS: 2484 the width of the cover shall be such that there is a minimum 50mm overlap on each side of the cable or outside cable of a group of cables. Where imported backfill material of specified thermal characteristics is used, reinforced concrete slabs shall protect the complete width of this medium. 2.2.10.2 Cable drawn into Ducts or Pipes Cables must, unless otherwise directed in writing by 24sevens Project Manager, be installed in accordance with EATS 09-2.

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All cables are to be installed, in line with the manufacturers guidelines, using methods that do not cause any internal or external damage or stress to the cable or result in damage to the outer sheath. Where single-core cables are laid in trefoil formation, the cables must be secured with plastic ties at least every 1.0m to maintain trefoil formation. Before cable laying all foreign bodies and any items which may cause future damage to the cable or ducts (i.e. stones, bricks rubble, rubbish, sharp objects, etc.) shall be removed. The running and trailing ends of a drum length of cable have factory made ends, and when the cables has been laid, the integrity of these ends shall be checked. If they are found to be defective, the existing cap shall be removed and an appropriate heat shrink end cap shall be installed. If a length of cable needs to be cut, the ends shall be recapped as above, this also applies to any cable left on the drum after installation. During cable pulling adequate numbers of cable rollers shall be used to avoid the cable scrapping on the ground and snagging at bends etc. Side plates or side rollers shall be used such that the cable does not touch the trench walls during installations. Bell mouths must be used at all duct entries. Where cables are to be installed by mechanical means, the tension on the cable must be monitored and recorded, and a shear pin or other suitable device must be incorporated at the winch. The maximum pulling tension of the cable, as defined by the manufacturer, must not be exceeded at any time and the use of mechanical excavators or other vehicles to pull cables is forbidden. The maximum pulling tension applied to the cable must not exceed the manufacturers recommendations, unless varied by 24sevens Project Manager. 2.2.11 Joint Bay Bases Where specified, for 22kV cable and above, joint bay bases shall be constructed in accordance with EATS 09-2. The concrete finish shall be smooth and level with a sump pit constructed at each end. 2.2.12 Water Courses No work shall be undertaken within 9m of a major watercourse (stream, river, canal etc) without prior consent from the Environment Agency. Cable routes that are required to cross rivers shall normally do so in the footpaths of highway authority bridges. Additional mechanical protection shall be used where the cables cannot be laid with the depths of cover laid out in Appendix A. Alternatively, they can be either installed in a steel pipe attached to highway authority or third party bridges, or installed on correctly constructed cable bridge. The cable bridge design shall be such that access shall be restricted to authorised personnel only. If no local authority bridge exists the cable shall traverse the watercourse in an approved type of pipe or duct installed under the bed of the river. Under no circumstances shall a new cable installation be installed in a steel pipe spanning a ditch or stream. The course of the stream or ditch shall be piped to take the flow of water and the cables will be laid in ducts or pipes under the bed of the watercourse.

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2.2.13 Damage to Buried Services Any damage to a third partys property, equipment or other Utilities apparatus must be reported immediately to 24sevens AIRline, as well as the appropriate owner or operator. All damaged land-drains will be permanently repaired prior to reinstatement and the position of the repair clearly recorded. 2.2.14 Contamination Any incidence, discovery or suspicion of groundwater contamination on site must be reported immediately to 24sevens AIRline, as well as the appropriate owner or operator. The export and disposal of excavated material is to be kept to the minimum necessary, with all suitable materials being re-used for reinstatement. An approved, Registered Carrier shall dispose of exported material and the contractor shall retain all relevant paperwork. 2.2.15 Tree Roots Excavation methods shall be employed which avoid as far as possible damage to trees and their roots. NJUG 10 Guidelines for the Planning, Installation & Maintenance of Utility Services in Proximity to Trees shall be used as guidance. 2.2.16 Hedgerows and Fences Where it is necessary to remove hedges and fences for the installation of the cable, appropriate temporary measures shall be taken to maintained security and safety for the duration of the works to the satisfaction of the Landowner. Any temporary fences must be to an equivalent or higher standard of security/safety than the fence/hedge it replaces. On completion of the works all fences, gates, hedgerows etc must be reinstated and any damage repaired. Where cabling works cross farmland care shall be taken to prevent the land becoming sterile. Care must be taken not to leave any materials or debris, which could endanger animals. Excavations and the work must be securely fenced to prevent any injury to farm animals. 2.2.17 Quality Control and Records Each section of cable installed shall be inspected prior to back filling and the following information shall be recorded as a minimum: Position, depth and formation of cables; Circuit name or Identity; Drum numbers; Maximum pulling tensions applied to each core; Minimum bending radii applied; Results of continuity and sheath tests (as specified by the Project Manager and in accordance with the manufacturers guidelines); Copies of Quality Assurance inspection reports.

All as-built records must be received by 24sevens drawing office within 5 calendar days of completion of the cable installation. Accurate reinstatement dimensions for all openings in the Highway must be submitted to 24seven within the timescales laid down by the New Road & Streetworks Act 1991.

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2.3 Interim and Permanent Reinstatement Works

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All operatives employed on cable installation works must have the necessary skills, qualifications (e.g. COP2/NRSWA) and experience appropriate to the project. They must also be able to demonstrate a full understanding of the requirements of this document.

2.3.1 General All reinstatement works in the public highway must be carried out in accordance with the relevant HAUC Specifications and Codes of Practices. However, there will be times when other options, within the specification, will provide a more suitable method of carrying out the reinstatement. The reinstatement method selected is based on the principle of incorporating the highest degree of immediate permanent reinstatement appropriate to the prevailing site circumstances. The as-laid profile of the reinstatement shall be flush with the adjacent surfaces as specified in the appropriate HAUC specification. Regardless of which alternative is selected, the performance of the reinstatement shall comply with the appropriate HAUC specification. An interim reinstatement must be made permanent within six months. 2.3.2 Reinstatement Specification All reinstatements carried out shall be in accordance with the appropriate HAUC Reinstatement Specifications. 2.3.3 Reinstatement Defects Where the Local Authority notifies 24seven that a reinstatement is alleged to be defective, remedial works shall be carried out without delay. Prior to the commencement of any Works, measures shall be taken to ensure that the existing surfaces are in good condition. The extent of any defects shall be agreed with the Local Authority prior to Works commencing.

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Appendix A - Normal Depths of Cover Depth of Cover to Top of 132kV Cable or Duct Cables mm Unmade ground Footpath or Verge Carriageway 900 900 900 33/66kV Cables mm 750 750 900 6.6/11 & 22kV Cables mm 600 600 750

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LV Mains & Services mm 450 450 600

Cultivated Land 1

1050

1050

1050

1050

Cultivated Land 2

1200

1200

1200

1200

Within 2 m of a Railway Track

1250

1250

1250

1250

Notes: 1. Service cables installed on private property shall be laid with a depth of cover of 450mm. 2. Cultivated Land 1; Land not subject to mole drainage or deep ploughing. 3. Cultivated Land 2; Land subject to or likely to be mole drainage or deep ploughing.

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Appendix B - Recommended Minimum Cable Bending Radii Type of Cable In Air 8 x OD Laid Direct 8 x OD In Ducts

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LV Service Cable

8 x OD

LV Mains Cable (Waveform)

8 x OD

8 x OD

8 x OD

11kV PILCSWA

12 x OD

12 x OD

12 x OD

11kV Single Core Polymeric

20 x OD

20 x OD

20 x OD

33kV Single Core Polymeric

20 x OD

20 x OD

20 x OD

66kV Single Core Polymeric

30 x OD

30 x OD

35 x OD

132kV Single Core Polymeric

30 x OD

30 x OD

35 x OD

Notes: 1. All the above figures are related to the outside diameter (OD) of the relevant cable. 2. Manufacturers data sheets should always be checked before installation.

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Appendix C Typical Cross Sections of Single Cable Laying Arrangements LV Cables

450

600

600

200

200

200

Path or Verge

Carriageway Direct

Carriageway Ducted

11kV Cables

600 200 200

750

750

Path or Verge

Carriageway Direct

Carriageway Ducted

33kV Cables

750 200 200 900 900

Path or Verge

Carriageway Direct

Carriageway Ducted

Note: For 33kV Cables Stokboards replace tiletape above cables, except for the ducted carriageway situation.

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