Denby High School World History and Geography A.

Habib Introductory Unit: Foundations of World History and Geography 9/12-9/14 2012 9/12/12: Identify, analyze and interpret primary and secondary sources and artifacts, validating sources as to their authenticity, authority, credibility, and possible bias o Our knowledge of the past consists of Oral history: what has been said and passed down through oral traditions History: what has been written Archaeology: what has been physically preserved o All three are important to our study of the past, and tend to provide complimentary information, which helps us piece together a more accurate view of the past o A primary source is a document or physical object which was written or created during the time under study. These sources were present during an experience or time period and offer an inside view of a particular event. Some types of primary sources include: ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS (excerpts or translations acceptable): Diaries, speeches, manuscripts, letters, interviews, news film footage, autobiographies, official records CREATIVE WORKS: Poetry, drama, novels, music, art RELICS OR ARTIFACTS: Pottery, furniture, clothing, buildings Examples of primary sources include: Diary of Anne Frank - Experiences of a Jewish family during WWII The Constitution of Canada - Canadian History A journal article reporting NEW research or findings Weavings and pottery - Native American history Plato's Republic - Women in Ancient Greece o A secondary source interprets and analyzes primary sources. These sources are one or more steps removed from the event. Secondary sources may have pictures, quotes or graphics of primary sources in them. Some types of secondary sources include: PUBLICATIONS: Textbooks, magazine articles, histories, criticisms, commentaries, encyclopedias Examples of secondary sources include: A journal/magazine article which interprets or reviews previous findings A history textbook A book about the effects of WWI o Thinking critically about sources In order to extract the maximum amount of information from a source, we need to critically analyze it, considering its relationship to the time period, the perspective, and bias of the source, and the accuracy and authenticity of the source. Questions to consider include: Who produced (wrote/made) this source? How much knowledge about the subject did they have? What purpose was it meant to serve? How was it used? How does it align with other sources from the same time and place? What do we know about the time period in question that could shed light upon the source? How do class, race, gender, religion etc. impact the use of the source and the way in which we interpret it? 9/13/12: Explain and use key conceptual devices world historians/geographers use to organize the past including periodization schemes (examples: major turning points, different cultural and religious calendars) and different spatial frames (examples: global, interregional, and regional). o Key Conceptual devices used for organizing the past

Periodization schemes: breaking down the past based upon periods of time Major turning points Different cultural and religious calendars Spatial frames: breaking down the past based upon geographical space Globalthe history of the world collectively Interregionalmultiple regions Regionalspecific to a region 9/14/12: Identify and explain the 5 themes of geography o Geography (to describe the earth): the study of the distribution and interaction of physic al and human features of the earth. o Location: WHERE is it? Absolute location: exact place on earth where a geographic feature, such as a city is found. Relative location: describes a place in comparison to other places around it. Hemisphere: each half of the earthdivided either north and south, or east and west Equator: an imaginary line that divides the earth into northern and southern halves Prime Meridian: an imaginary line that divides the earth into eastern and western halves Longitude: imaginary lines that run parallel to the prime meridian, and marking positions in the east and west hemispheres. Latitude: imaginary lines that run parallel to the equator and are used to locate places north or south. o Place: WHAT is it? o Region: How are places similar or different? A region is an area of the earths surface with similar characteristics. They usually have more than one characteristic that unifies the These characteristics may include physical, economic or cultural characteristics. Regions are categorized as formal, functional, and perceptual regions Formal regions: defined by a limited number of related characteristics US and Canada Latin America Europe Russia and the Republics Africa SW Asia S Asia E Asia SE Asia, Oceania and Antarctica Functional region: organized around a set of interactions and connections between places Example: a city and its suburbs Perceptual regions: a region in which people perceive, or see, the characteristics of the region in the same way Example: American Midwest o Movement: How do people, goods and ideas move from one location to another? o Human-Environment Interaction how do people relate to the physical world? o