Testing Welders For Fusion Welding: Approval of

S T D - B S I BS EN 287-2-ENGL
2992
Lb2'4bbS 0 7 0 5 2 7 0 OOb
BRITISH STANDARD
BS EN
287-2: 1992
lncoipomting Amen&ment A l , not issued separately and
incOrpp0mti~
ComigendumNo. 1
Approval testing of welders for fusion welding

Part 2. Aluminium and its alloys
The European standard EN 287-2 : 1992, with the incorporation of is t amendment Al, has the status of a British Standard
ICS 26.160.01
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STD.BSI BS EN 287-2-ENGL
3772
L b 2 4 6 6 9 0705273 T 4 2
BS EN 287-2 :199UAl: 1997
Issue 3, June 1998
Committees responsible for this British Standard

The preparation of t i British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee hs WEEX36, Approval testing of welding procedures and welders, upon which the following bodies were represented
AEA Technology Association of Consulting Scientists British Constnictional Steelwork Association Ltd. British Iron and Steel ProducersAssociation British Nuclear Fuels plc British Railways Board British Stainless Steel Association Castings Technology International ElectricityAssociation General Municipal Boilermaker and AUied W e s Union Health and Safety Executive Heating and Ventilating ContractorsAssociation Lioyds Register of Shipping Minisby of Defence Power Generation ContractorsAssociation (PGCA (BEAMA Ltd.)) Process Plant Association Railway Industry Association Safety Assessment Federation Ltd. Welding Institute Welding ManufacturersAssociation (BEAMA Ltd)
This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 1 May 1992
O BSI 1998
Amendments issued since publication

Amd.No.
9733 ID&
I Text affected
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November 1997 June 1998
Indicated in the margin by a sideline Indicated in the margin by a sideline
The foliowing BSI references relate to the work on this standard Committee reference W W 3 6 Draft for comment 89/70006 DC ISBN O 680 28113 2
Corr. No. 1
10027
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STD.BSI B S EN 267-2-ENGL
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Issue 2, June 1998
BS EN 287-2 : 1992
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S T D - B S I B S EN 287-2-ENGL
1992 W L b 2 4 b b 7 O705273 815
Issue 3, June 1998
BS EN 287-2 :199WAl: 1997
National foreword
This: P r of BS EN 287 has been prepared by Technical Committee WEE/36, and is the at English language version of EN 287-2 : 1992Approval testing o w l e s -fusion f edr w l i g -Part 2:Aluminium and duminium alloys including Amendment Al, edn published by the European Committee for Stanwdization (CEN). It supersedes BS 4871 : P r 2 : 1982 on 28 August 1992. at
I
I
EN 287-2 and Amendment A l were produced as a result of international discussion in which the UK took an active parL
Cross-references
The British Standardswhich implement internationalor Euorpean publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled InternationalStandardsCorrespondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI standards Electronic Cataogue.
A British Standard does not purport to include al the necessary provisions of a i contract. Users of British Standardsare responsible for their correct application.
Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN O
BSI 1998
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Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
EUROPEAN SrANDARID Nom EUROPEENNE

EUROP-
EN 287-2
February 1992
NORM
+ Al
May 1997
~~
UDC 621.791-057.2 : 377.127.6 : 669.71

Descriptors: Welding, fusion welding, steels, gas shielded welding, aluminium, aluminium alloys, welders (personnel), approval, specification, inspection, tests, amepabiiity,quality certificate
English version
Approval testing of welders - W o n welding - Part 2 Almm and aluminium alloys (includes amendment Ai : 1997)
Quaificaion des soudeun - Soudage par fusion - Prtfmg von SchweiBern - SchmeizschweienPartie2 Aiuminium et ses ailiages Teil2 Alumjnium und Aiuminiumiegierungen (inclut 'amendement A l : 1997) (enthalt nderung Al : 1996)
M
>c
This European standard was approved by CEN on 1992-02-21.Amenment Al w s a approved on 1996-12-11. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internai Regulations which stipuhe the conditions for giving t i hs European Standard the status of a nationai standard without any ait~ration. Uptoaate lists and bibliographid references concerning such nationai standars may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European standard exists in three officiai versions (English, French, G e m ) . Aversion in any other language made by tmslation under the responsibility of a CEN member i t its own language and notified to the Centrai Secretariat has the no same status as the officiai versions. CEN members are the national standa,rds bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Gemany, Greece, Iceland, Ireand, My, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugai, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlandand U i e Kingdom. ntd
CEN
European Committee for Standardization Comiti Europen de Normahation Europisches Komitee fr Normung
Centrd Secretariak rue de Stassart 36,B-1060Brussels

O 1997 Copyright resewe to CEN members.
Ref. No. EN 287-2 : "Al:

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Page 2 EN 287-2 : 1992
Inne 2, November 1997
Foreword
3.6 This stanhas been prepared by Working G o p 2 ru Approval requirements for welding and ailied pn>cesses 3.6 personnel of CEN/rC 121 Welding. 3.7 For this standard,ISOIDISW 2 ,Approual tesling o f 3.8 wews -Fusion d i n g -Part 2 Auminium and : 3.9 aluminium ahgs, was considered and used as a 4 basis. However, aiterations were necessary due to the consideration of experience and updated knowledge. 4.1 i accordance with the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules 4 1 n being part of the internai Regulations of CEN, the 4.3 foiiowing countries are bound to implement t i hs 4.4 EuropeanStandan&Austxia,Belgium,Denmark, 6 Finhi, France, G e m , Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemboug, Netherlands, Norway,Po6.1 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and U i e Kingdom. ntd 6.2 Foreword of amendment A l 6.3 6.4 This Amendment EN 287-2: 1 W A 1 : 1997 to 6.6 EN 287-2: 1992 has been prepared by Technical commiaee CENK 121,Welding, the secreta& of 6.6 which is held by DS. 6.7 This Amendment to the European Standard EN 287-2: 6 1992 shail be given the status of a nationai standard, 6.1 either by publication of an identicai text or by endomement, a the atest by November 1997,and t 6.2 conflicting monai standatd3 shall be withdrawn a t 6.3 the latest by November 1 9 . 97 6.4 This Amendment to the European standard EN 287-2: 1992 has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN 6.6 by the European Commission and the European Free 6.6 lhdeAssOciati and supports essential requirements 6.7 'on, by E Directive@). 7 According to the CEN/CENELEC Jntema F&guMons, 7.1 the nationai standads organhons of the foliowing coinitries 7.2 bound to implement this European S a n e Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, 7.3 Finland,France Ge-, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, 7.4 Itaiy, Luxembourg, Netherands, Norway, Portugal, 7.6 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Heattreanent Range of approval Test piece Test specimen
Test
Symboisandabbreviaions General Testpiece Fiiiermetai Miscellaneous EksenW variables for approval testing
General
Welding processes Joint types (butt and met welds) Materialgroups Consumables Dimensions Welding positions Range of approval for the welder General Welding process Jointtypes Materialgroups Weiding consumables Dimensions Welding positions Examinaonandtesting Supervision Shapes and dimensions of test pieces Welding conditions Test methods Test piece and t s specimens et Acceptance requirements for t s et pieces
page 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5
5 1 5 5 5 5 8 8 9
Contena
page Foreword Foreword of amendment Al O introduction 1 scope 2 Normathereferences 3 Definitions 3.1 Wdder 3.2 Weldingoperator 3.3 Examinerorexaminingbody 3.4 Weiding procedure specication
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91 9 9 9 9 9 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 6 l6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 7
9Retests
2 10 Periodofvaiidity 2 10.1 Initialapproval 3 10.2 Prolongation 1 3 1 cerfication 3 12 Designation
4 4 4 4
4
Annexes A (iormaive) Welder Approval Test

CkItECate
18 1 9 20
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C
(informative) Mni a-s welding procedure specification (WPS) (informative) Job knowledge
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EN 287-2 : 1992
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the appmva testing of welder performance for the fusion weiding of aiunnium and its alloys. The t r em lmnu a u i i mstands for aiuminium and weldable a l m m alloys. The quauty o work involved in welding depends on f the skiil of the weider to a high degree. The a b i i of the welder to foliow verbai or written instnictions and t s i g of h s skill are therefore etn i important factors in ensuring the quality of the welded
O Introduction This standar covers the principles to be observed in
During the approval test the welder should be required
Product. Testing of ski to this standard depends on welding methods in w i h uniform d e s and t s conditions hc et are complied with, and standard t s pieces are used. et This standard applies to processes where the ski of the weler has a signincant Muence on weld quality. This standard is intended to provide the basis for the mutual recognition by examhhg bodies for approval miat@ to welders competence in the variom fields of application. Tests shail be carried out in accordance with t i standard unless more severe tests are hs specied by the relevant application standard when these shall be applied. The same test weld may be used to approve a welding procedure and a welder provided that all the relevant requirements, e.g. test piece dimensions, are satisfied (see EN 2884). The welders scil and job knowledge continue to be approved only if the welder is working with reasonable continuity on welding work w i h the extent of
apPro4. AU new approvals are to be in accordance with this standard from the date of this b u e . However, this standard does not inMW previous welders approvas made to former national standards or spe&cations, providing the intent of the technical requirements is satisfied and the previous approvais are relevant to the application and production work on which they are to be employed. Also, where aditiod tests have to be carried out to make the approval technicay equivaent it is oniy necessary to do the aditiona tests on a test piece w i h should be made in accordance with this hc standard. Consideration of previous approwis to former nationai standards or specifications should be a the time of the enquirykontractstage and agreed t between the contracting parties.
to show adequate practical experience and job knowledge (test non mandatory) of the welding processes, materials and safety requirements for which he is to be approvd, information on these aspects is given in annex C. This standard is applicable when the welders approval testing is required by the purchaser, by inspection authorities or by other organhtions. This standard appiies to the approval t s i g of etn welders for the fusion welding of aluminium using a gas shield. The welding processes referred to in this standard include those fusion welding processes which are designated as manual or partly mechanized welding. This standard does not cover fully mechanized and automatic welding processes (see 5.2). This standard covers approvai testing of welders for w r on semi-finished and nished products made ok from wrought, forged or cast material types listed i 5.4. n The certincate of approval testing is issued under the sole responsibiltyof the examiner or examining body,
2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or

undated reference, provisions from other publications. These nomiative references are cited a the t appropriate places in the text and the publications are lse hereafter. For dated references, subsequent itd amendments to or revi&onsof any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 2882
EN 2884
EN 571-1
EN 910
Spec@kutionan& a m c d o weiding f $nvcedumformetau2c materialsPart 2: W g procedure en spec@mtionfor arc welding S p e w t i o n and appwual o wdding f ~un?sformetallicmaterialsPart 4: Wein~ lnvceum testsfor the an: W i n g o aluminium a& is f t alloys Nan-descrmCtiw testing -Penetmnt inspection -Part.1: Genenzl p?ncipk for the examnation W l e utt jdnts n metac e&d materials- Bend tests
1 scope
This standard specSes essential requirements ranges of approva, test conditions, acceptance r q i e e t eurmns and certification for the approvai testing of welder perfonname for the welding of a u i i m The lmnu. recommended format for the certicate of approvai t s i g is given in annex A etn
EN 1320
EN 1321 prEN 1435
Wlejtrealimtras eddonsnntl.caeil1RI.acEure tests
Destructice examination o welds f Mmscopiean m i c m s m f examination o welds Non-esErUctive examinacion o f welds -Rad.iographic examination o welded joints f
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EN 26520
4.1 General Am-welde&joints in aluminium and Where the full wording is not used, the following EN 30042 its Weldable alloys- G U ~ ~ ~ T M X symbols and abbreviations shail be used when . completing the t s certificate (see annex A). et @it3 levelsfor irnpegct.iOns 4.2 Test piece (rso 10042: 1992) Welded butt jonts in nzetauic EN .... a nominalthroatthickness materials-%metenJuetest B buttweld W Is0 857 : 1990 Weiing, bmzing and soldering D outside diameter of pipe lYnxessM- vocabulary F et weld W I 0 4063 : 1990 Weiiqy,mziw,soldering and h a z e p S P W t W&~TQ.J O metals - Nomenclat~m f O f plate or pipe wail thickness pmcesse.~ reference numbersfor and T Pipe symbolic .presentat.ian m mwings z f leg length o met weld IS0 6947 : 1990 w l s - W0rkin.gposit.ions ed 4.3 Filler metal D&nit.ions of angles of slope and rotath nm nofiermetai
C k s s a m t h of impe@ct.iOns in m e t a u . i c w, with ~&
4 Symbols and abbreviations
lan nut ions
wm withermetal
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4.4 Miscellaneous
a! ageing
bs welding from both sides back gouging or back grinding of welds welding with backing material welding without backing no back gouging or no back grinding single-sidedwelding
gg
mb nb ng ss
A person or organization who verifies compliance with the applicable standar. The examiner/examinhgbody
5 Essential variables for approval testing

5.1 General The criteria specified in t i clause shall be examined hs in order to identify the abiity of the welder in these areas. Each Criterion is considered to be a Signincant factor in the approval testing. The welders approval test shall be carried out on t s et pieces and is independent of the type of construction. 5.2 Welding processes Welding processes are deined in Is0857 and reference numbers of welding processes for symbolic representation are hted in Is0 4063. This standard covers the foliowing welding processes: 131- metal-arc inert gas welding (MIG welding); 141- tungsten inert gas arc welding (TiG welding); 15 -plasma arc welding; other fusion welding processes by agreement. 5.3 Joint types (butt and Billet welds) Test pieces shall be produced for butt weld (BW) and fiilet weld (FW) in plates) (p) or pipes2)0 for approval tests in accordance with 7.2.
2,
The word plate alone or in combination is used to mean wrought plate and flat extruded bars. The word pipealone or in combination is used to mean pipe, tube or hollow section.
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6.4 Material groups 6.4.1 General In order to minimize unnecessary mdtipiication of technically identical tests,aluminium with similar metallurgical and welding charactefics are grouped for the purpose of a welder's approval (see 6.4.2). In general, a welder's approval test shall involve depositing weld metal having a chemical composition compatible with the parent metai. The welding of any one material in a group confers approval on the welder for the welding of ail other materiaJs within the same group. When welding parent metais from two Merent groups which do not give approval to each other according to tables 4 and 5 (see 6.4), an approval for the combination as a separate group is required When the filler metal is dissimilar to the parent metal group, an approval for that combination of parent metal group and filier metal is needed, except when permitted by tables 4 and 5. 6.4.2 Aluminium groups @parent metal Aiuminium casting ailoys are included in the following groups but the filier metal shail be compatible with the filler metal used for the wrought materials in the same group. 6.4.2.1 Group W21:pure duminium Pure aluminium and duminium-manganese-alloyswith 5 1,5% impurities or alloy content, e.g. EN AW-Al99,S (A) EN AW-Al99,5 EN AW-Al Mn 1
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6.6 Dimensions The welder approval test should be based on the thickness of the material (i.e. plate thickness or wal thickness of pipe) and pipe diameters which the welder will use in production. A test is listed for each of the two ranges of plate thickness and pipe wali thickness or pipe diameter as specified in tables 1 and 2. It is not intended that thicknesses or diametem should be measured precisely but rather the general philosophy behind the values given in tables 1and 2 should be applied.
of approval
t56 6<ts15
10,7tto2,5t 16mm<k40mm1)
A special test is required for material thickness > 40 mm. Such a sueciai test shai be indicated on the welder's certificate.
I Test piece diameter D')

mm
Table 2. Test piece diameter and range of approval
I Range of approval
I
1 I
*
*
D 5 125 D > 125

' )
I 2 0,5D
0,5 D to 2 D '
For structural hollow sections D is the dimension of the
smallest side.
I
I
6.4.2.2 Group W22:nomheat treatable &YS Non-heat treatable alloys (duminium-magnesium-alloys), e.g. EN AW-Al Mg 1,5(C) EN AW-Al Mg 5 EN AW-Al Mg 3 Mn EN AW-Al Mg 4,5 Mn 0,7 EN AW-Al Si alloys 6.4.2.3 Group W23:heat treatabk alloys eat treatable aloys, e.g. EN AW-Al Mg 1SiCu EN AW-Al Si 1Mghh EN AC-Al SiMg (Castings) EN AC-Al SiCu (castings) EN AW-Al Zn 4,5 Mg 1 6.6 Consumables In the approval test, the filler metai and the shielding hU gas, including plasma gas, s a be compatible with the parent metal and the process used in accordance with the relevant WPS (see EN 2sS2).
6.7 Welding positions For the purpose of this standard the welding positions identified in figures 1and 2 shall apply (according to IS0 6947). Angles of slope and rotation for s t welds in the welding positions shall be in accordance with IS0 6947. The positions and angles used in the approval test shall be based on the same tolerances as used in production.
6 Range of approval for the welder

6.1 General As a general rule, the test piece approves the welder not only for the conditions used in the test, but also for all joints which are considered easier to weld. The range of approval for each type of test is given in the relevant sub-clauses and tables. In these tables the range of approval is indicated in the same horizontal line.
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Page 6 EN 287-2 :1992
PC horizontal
PE overhead
PG vertical downwards
a) Butt welds
PF vertical upwards
El
v
Y
CI
Y Y
c/ Y
PB horizontal vertical
PA flat
PD horizontal overhead
PG vertical downwards
b) Fiiet welds
PF vertical upwards
Figure 1. Welding positions for plates
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D
e Y
Y
Y
cc
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@ f
PA Pipe: rotating Axis: horizontal Weld flat
@
PF Pipe: fixed Axis: horizontal Weld: vertical upwards
PG Axis: horizontal
Weld: vertical downwards
Pipe: fixed
PC
a E& )%
Pipe: fixed Axis:vertical Weld: horizontal

weids
Pipe: fixed
H-LO45 Axis: inclined
Weld: upward
PA
Pipe: rotating Axis: inclined Weld: flat
PB
Pipe: rotating Axis: horizontal Weld: horizontal vertical
PG
Pipe: fixed Axis: horizontal Weld: vertical down\
PB
Pipe: fixed Axis: vertical Weld: horizontal vertical PF
Pipe: fixed Axis: horizontal Weld: vertical upwards
PD
Pipe: fixed Axis: vertical Weld: horizontal OVE
b) m t welds e
Figure 2. Welding positions for pipes
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6.2 Welding process Each test normally approves one process. A change f process requires a new approval "test. However, it is possible for a welder to be approved for more than one welding process by a singie test or by two sepamte approval tests to be used to cover a multi-processjoint For example in a case where approvai is required for a singiedde butt joint with the I root to be welded by T G (141) without backing and to be fied by MIG (131), the welder may be approved by either of the foiiowing routes. a) successfui completion of an approval test simuating the multi-process joint, i.e. the Mot run welded by T G (141) without backing, subsequent I runs or iayers welded by MtG (131) within the lmt iis of the mnge of approval for each welding process; b) successfui completion of separate relevant approvai tests one for TIG (141) without backing for the mot run and aseparate test for the fi by MIG (131) with backing or welded from both sides with or without gouging.
6 3 Joint types .
Depending on the test piece, the range of welds for which the welder is approved is shown in table 3; the following criteria are applicable: a) approvai for butt welds in pipes includes butt welds in p b) approvai for butt welds in piates in all relevant positions covers butt welds on pipes having an outside diameter 2: 500 m , except item c) also m @Pli=;
c) approval on test butt joints in plates welded in the flat (PA) or horizontal vertical/(PC) position shall include approval for butt joints in pipes of outside diameter 2 150 mm welded in similar positions according to table 6; d) welding from one side without backing approves rm welds from one side with backing and welds f o both sides with and without gouging; e) weling in plates or pipes with backing approves welds made from both sides, but not for welds without backing; f ) butt welds approve llet welds for similar welding conditions; g) in cases where the production work is predominantly fiilet welding, it is recommended that the welder should be approved also by an appropriate llet welding ts. on plat~, or et, i.e. pipe branch connection (see EN 2884); h) welding from both sides without gouging approves welds from one side with backing and welds from both sides with gouging; i) approval for butt welds in pipes without backing includes approval for branch connections within the same range of approval as in tables 3 to 6. For a branch weld the range of approvai is based on the diameter of the branch; j) in cases where the production work is either predominantly branch welding or invoives a complex branch connection, it is recommended that the In some cases welder should receive specia a welder approval test on a branch connection may be necessary,
Details of the weld type
1
Buaweldin IWeldedfmm Iwithbaclw! Imb Weldedfmm bothsidebs Buttweidin Pipe
Key
X
e of approval Butt welds in plate

Welded from one side
ss
I~
sides
ss
~ t in pipe weids t
with backing
no backing
mb
nb
a
X
with gouging
no gouging ng
with backing
mb
1)
no backing nb
One
Weldedfmm side
I
I
withgouging nogouging withbacking no backing -
i nb i
I I
x x mb x
gg ng
X
*
X
Ix
I
Ix
I
* -
1) 1)
Ix
* Ix
I
See 63 b) and 68 c. . . )
* indicatm the weld for which the welder i approved in the appmvai test. s
-indicates those welds for which the welder is not a~pmved.
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indicates those welds for which the welder i also approved. s
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6.4 Material groups According to the material group of the test piece, the range of materialsfor which a welder is approved is shown in tables 4 and 6 (see 5.4). For any duminium alloy not covered by any of the duminium groups the welder shall carry out an approvai test, which only approves for that aiuminium doy. An approval test made on wrought materiai groups gives approvai for cast materialand a mixture of cast and wrought material in the same material group (see6.4).
6.6 Dimensions The range of approval according to piate thcknes or wall thickness of pipe andor pipe diameter is shown in tables 1and 2.
6.7 Welding positions The range of approval for each welding position is given in table 6 The welding pitions and codes refer . to figures 1and2 (according to Iso6947).
7 Examination and testhg
Imbie 4. Range of approval for parent metal
I
I
I&
teet piece
of amrova
w 21
t2 w2 I2 w3
* Ix
I
Ix
Ix
*
1
1
I
Key * indicates the material @up for which the welder is approved in the approval test. x indicates those material groups for w i h the welder is also hc
7.1 Supervision The welding and testing of t s piece shall be et witnesed by an examiner or examlliing body. The t s pieces shall be marked with the identification et of the examiner and the welder before welding StarCs. The examiner or test body may stop the ts if the et or if it appears that welding conditions are not CO& the welder does not have the Whnica competence to achieve the required standard, e.g. where there are excessive andor systematic repahi.
aP P -&indicates those material groups for which the welder is not

approved.
7.2 Shapes an dimensions of test pieces The shape and dimension of test pieces (see 6.6) required are shown i figures 3 to6. n
Table 5. Range of approval for dissimilar metal iointa

Materhi group of Range of approval aDDroval test Diece
I
I
2 150 -
2 I50
/y
w 21
W22 W23
I W 21 welded to W 22l)
W 22 welded to W 211) W 22 welded to W 211) W 23 welded to W 2l1) W 23 welded to W 22')
Y
(Dimensions i miliimetres) n
Figure 3. Dimensions of test piece for a butt weld in plate
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Fort 2 6 mm,a s 0,5t Fort < 6 mm, 0 3 s a s t
(z r: 0,7t)
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u)
* *
(imensions in muimetres)
Figure 4. Dimensions of test piece for met weld(s) on plate
(Dimensions in millime-)
Figure O. Dimensions of test piece for a butt weld i pipe n
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t corresponds to the thinner pari Fort 16 mm,a I 0 , 5 t Fort 6 mm, 0,5t S a 5 t

(Z E 0,7t)
(Diiensions in miiiimetres)
Figure 6. Dimensions of test piece for a flllet weld on pipe
73 Welding conditions . The approval test for the welder shall correspond to the conditions used in production and follow a WPS or pWPS (see3.4) prepared in accordance with EN 2882. A format for the WPS or pwpS is given in annex B. When preparing the WPS the foiiowing conditions shall apply: a) the test shall be carried out with the welding process(es) to be used in productioq b) filler metai(s) shall be compatible for the particular welding process(es) and positions(s); c) the edge preparation of plates andor pipes for the t s piece shall be representative of that to be used et in productioq cleaning and d e m is necessary; d) the dimensions of the test piece shall be specified in the tables and figures in tsiis standard (see tables 1and2 and ngureS3 to 6);
e) the welding shall be carried out in the position(s)
and angle(s) of branch connections normay used in production ( e figures 1 and 2; se )
shall be assessed in accordance with claw 8; g) the welding time for the test piece shall correspond to the working time under usual production conditions; h) the test piece shall have a least one stop and one t restart in the root run and in the top capping run and be identined in the hpection length to be examined; i) any preheat or controlled heat input required in the WPS or pWPS is mandatoq for the welders test piece; j) any post-weld heat treatment andor ageing required in the WPS or ~ W P S be omitted unless may bend or tensile tests are require k) identidon of the t s piece; et 1) the welder shall be allowed to remove minor impedections, except on the surface layer, by grinding, gouging or any other method used in production. The approval of the examiner or test body shall be obtained.
f ) the weld
I
I
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1992
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7.4 Test methods Each completed weld shaii be examined visuaily in the aswelded condition. When requued (see table 7), visuai examination can be supplemented by penetrant (see EN 571-1) or other test methods, and macro tests (see EN 1321) on butt welds. if accepted by visual inspecton, additional radiographic, frticture tests andor macro tests are recyuired (see table 7). The macro specimen shai be prepared and etched on one side to ceariy reveal the weld When radiography is used, bend or tensile tests shail always be applied to butt welds made by the MIG (131) process. Prior to mechaniai tesng,backing strips, where used, shail be removed. The test piece can be sectioned by m c a i a means discarding the nrst and the ehncl ast25mmofthetestpieceattheendoftheplates (igure 7 and 8).
lbble 7. Tlest methods

Test method
Butt weld
Radiography Bend or tensile
Macro (without
Polishlli$)
+ +
+ +
+4)
Penetrant
Key
* indicates that the test metha is mandatoq~.
+ indicatesthat the test method is not mandatory.
Kn
8
a) Sectioning into a n even-numbered quantity
Inspection length of the test specimen
b) Preparation
of test specimens
c) Fracture testing face bend test
d) Fracture testing root bend test
(Dimensions in mulimetres)
Figure 7. Preparation and fracture testing of test specimens for a butt weld in plate
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EN 287-2 :1992
a) Sectioning into an even-numbered quantity of test specimens (Dimensions in millimetres)
b) Fracture testing
(The fiiiet weld may be notched if necessary)
Figure 8. Preparation and fracture testing of test specimens for a f i l e t weld on plate
Bend or tensie tests are used for detecting unperfections without determining the values for tensile strength or bending values. Ifany special tests are to be carried out because of the charac&M~ particular welding processes, of materials or dissimilar aioys, these shall be denned prior to canying out the welder?stest. Special tests do not have any range of approval, outside the range of tolerances for the test carried out. 7.5 Test piece and test Specimens 7.5.1 General in 7.5.2 to 7.6.6 detais of the type,size and preparation of test pieces and test specimens are given. in addition, the requirements for mechanid tests are indicated. 7.6.2 Butt welds in plate When radiography is used,the inspection length (see figure 7a) of the weld in the test piece shall be i-adogmphed in the as-welded condition in accordance with EN 1435 using ciassB technique. 1 When fmcture testing according to EN 1320 i used, s the full test piece inspection length shail be tested and 1 to do t i ,the test piece shaii be cut into several test hs specimens (see figure 7a). The length of any fracture t s specimen shall be = 50 mm. if n e c v , the et excess weld metal of the test specimen may be removed and additionaiiy the weld edges may be notched to adepth of = 5 m m to facilitate fractme in the weld metal (see gure 7b). In the case of singesided welding (ss) without backing (nb), half of the impection length shall be tested against the face side and the other half against the root side (see figures 7c and 76).
When transverse bend testmg according to EN 910 is used, 2 root bend test specimens and 2 face bend test specimens shail be tested in accordance with EN 2884. During testing,the test specimens shall not reveal any one single flaw > 3 mm in any direction. Flaws appearing at the comers of a test specimen during t s i g shall be ignored in the evaluation. etn For plate thickness 2 12 mm the transverse bend tests may be su b by 4 side bend tests. 7.5.3 FiUet weld on plate For fracture tests according to EN 1320,the test piece may be cut,if necessary, into several test specimens (see figure 8a). Each test specimen sha be positioned for breaking as shown in figure 8b, and examined
after fracture. When macro examination is used,it shall be in accordance with EN 1 2 . 31
7.5.4 Butt weZ in p i p When radiography is used, the inspection length of the weld in the test piece shall be radiogmphed in the as-welded condition in accordance with EN 1435, using class B technique, except where double wall technique is necessary. When fracture testing according to EN 1320 is used, the full test piece inspection length shall be tested and to do t i ,the t s piece shall be cut into a least $test hs et specimens (see figure 9a). A minimum weld length of 150 mm is required for testing of pipes. If the circumference is less than 15Omm, additional weld test pieces, but max. 3 testpieceswillbe r q i e eurd
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The inspecton length of any ts specimen shall be et 2 40mm. If necessary, the excess weld m t i of the ea t s specimen may be moved and additionaliy the et weld edges may be notced to a depth of 2 5 mm to facilitate fracaire in the weld m t i (see figure 9b). in ea the case of sin$leside welding (ss) without bac(nb), half of the hpection length (see Sgure %) shall be tested against the face side and the other half againstthemotside(seengureSgCand9d). When t a s e bend testing according to EN 910 i r nv m s used, 2 root and 2 Eace bend test specimens shall be t s e under the conitions in accordance with etd
For the sectioning of test pieces welded in position PF, PG and H-Lo45 (seefigures 2 and 9), the test specimens shall be taken f o different welding positions. rm Dunng testllig, the ts specimens shall not r e v 4 any et one singie M r > 3 mm i any direction Failures u e n appearing at the comers of a test specimen during testing shall be ignored in the evaluation. For wai thickness 2 12 mm the transverse bend tests may be substitubxi by 4 side bend tests.
EN 2884.
inspection length of the test piece

a) Sectioning into at least four test speciinens
inspection length of the
1 -
-40
b) Preparation
(Dimensions in milhetres)
ci) Fracture testing root bend test
Figure 9. Preparation and fkacture testing of test specimens for a butt weld in pipe
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position 1 for 1 root or 1 side bend specimen position 2 for 1 face or 1 side bend specimen position 3 for 1 root o 1 side bend specimen r position 4 for 1 face or 1 side bend specimen
1 9 9 2 llS L h 2 4 b b 9 0 7 0 5 2 8 9 182
Page 1 6
EN 287-2 : 1992
10.1 I i i l approval nta The validity of the welders approval begins from the date when all the required tests are satisfactorily completed This date may be Merent to the date of issue marked on the certincate. A welders approvai shali remain valid for a period of two years proviing that the relevant certjncate is signe at six month intervals by the employer/coordinatorand that ail the following conditions are fulnlled: a) the welder shall be engaged with reasonable continuity on welding work within the current range of approval. An interruption for a period no longer than six months is p n e w ni b) the welders work shall be in general accordance Sectioning into test specimens with the technid conditions under which the (Dimensions i miiiimetres) n approval test is &ed out; c) there shail be no specific reason to question the Figure 10. Preparation and fracture testing of test specimens for a m t e welders skill and knowledge. weld on pipe if any of these conditions are not fuiled, the approvai shall be cancelled. 10.2 Prolongation 8 Acceptance requirements for test The vaJidity of the approvd on the certincate may be pieces prolonged for further periods of two years, within the Test pieces shall be evaluated according to the acceptance requirements specied for relevant types of original range of approvai, provided each of the 01 imperfections. A fl explanation of these impe&xtions following conitions according to 1 . are fuilieck ul is given in EN 26520. The acceptance requirements for - the production welds made by the welder are of imperfections found by test metho& according to this therequiredquality; standard shall, unles otherwise specified, be assessed - records of tss e.g. half-yearly documentation et, in accordance with EN 30042.A welder is approved if about X-ray or ultrasonic inspections or test reporis the imperfections in the test piece are within the about fracturet s shali be maintained on ie with et iis specifed lmt of level B in EN 30042, except for the welders approvai certificate. imperfection types as follows: excess weld metai, The examiner or examining body shall verify excessive convem, excess throat thiclmess and compliance with the above conitions and sign the excessive penetration, for which level C shall apply. prolongation of the welders approval test certincate. If the imperfections in the welders ts piece exceed et the permitted maximum specifed,then the welder shail not be approved. 11 Certification Reference shouid also be made to the corresponding It shai be certified t a the welder has successfully ht acceptance criteria for nondestructh examinaon. passed the performance approvai ts. AU relevant test et Specified procedures shall be used for ail destructive conditions shail be recorded on the certincate. if the and nondestructive examhiions. welder faik any of the prescribed tests, no certincatR shall be issued. 9 Re-tests The certificate shail be issued under the sole responsibility of the examiner or t s body and sha et if any ts piece aus to comply with the requirements contain al the informationdetaiied in annex k The et hs of ti stanard,the welder shai produce a new test format of annex A is recommended to be used as the piece. welders approval test certincate. if it is estabiished that failure is aributed to the If any other fonn of welders approval test certificate is s welders lack of skill, the welder shall be regamled a used, it shall contain the information required in incapable of complying with the requirements of this annex A. The manufacturers WPS as shown in standard without further tiaining before re-testhg. if it is established that failure is due to metallurgical or annex B shall give information about materiais, welding positions, processes and range of appromi etc., in other extraneouc causes and cannot be directly accorance with t3iis standard. attributed to the welders lack of skill, an additional The welders approvai test certificate shail be issued a t test or additionai specimens are required in order to assess the quality and integrity of the new test material least in one of the official CEN ianguages (Ehgkh, andor new test conditions. French, German).
Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CEN Document provided by IHS Licensee=Borealis/9990751100, 03/04/2004 01:27:30 MST Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document Policy Group at 303-397-2295.
7.5.5 Filkt weld on pipe For fracture tests according to EN 1320, the test piece shall be cut into 4 or more test specimens and fractured (seefigure 10). When macro examiliation according to EN 1321 is used,at least 4 ts specimens shall be taken equally et spaced around the pipe.
10 Period o validity f
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EN 287-2 : 1992
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12 Designation
The designation of a welder approval shall comprise the following items in the order given (the system is arranged so that it can be used for computerintion):
NOTE.The type of shieiding gas shall not be incorporated in the aeSignation but shall be induded i the welders appr0va.i test n
cefiflcate (see annex A).
- the number of this stan-
- the essentiai variables - welding processes: refer to 6.2 and IS04063;

to 6.3;
Welding process: TiG welding.............................. 141 Plate: ....................................................................... P Butt weld: ............................................................... BW Material group:pure aluminium .......................... W21 Filler metak no mer metal................................... nm Dimension of t s piece: thiclaiess 2 mm............ to2 et Welding positiom butt weld on plate, horizontai ve&al............................................,..... pc D t i s of the weld type: single side.......... eal ss without backing ......... nb D e s i i o n example 2 Welder approvai EN 287-2131 T BW W23 wm t10 D150 P bs gg A Explanation Welding process: MIGwelding............................. 131 Pipe:........................................................................ T Butt weld: ............................................................... BW Materiai group: heat treatable d o y..................... W23 Filler metai: AlMg 5 ............................................... wm Dimension of test piece: thickness 10 mm ......... t10 1 pipe diameter 160 nun......... D 5 Welding position butt weld on pipe, r t t n oaig pipe, horhonta axis,fa ...................................... lt PA Details of the weld type: both sides.......... bs
gouging.. ...........
examples, see clause 4.
- sen-ti-fhished product plate ( , 0, i pipe ) refer
-joint type:butt weld ( W , fillet weld 0, B) refer to 6 3 .; - materialgroup: refer to 6.4 - iler metak refer to 6.6 - size of test piece: thicknw (t) and pipe diameter (D), refer to 6.6 - welding positions: refer to 6.7, figures 1and 2 and Is0 6947; - details of the weld type:refer to 63 and table 3, . for abbreviations to 4.4. The desigmtion, where used for computerization,shaU be in to the following format: xxxxxxx, X, m,m, xxx, XXIC, m, XXXIT, XXXXXX, rn, rn Example: EN287-2,141, F,BW, W21, hm, W, D030, H - W , ss, h b followed by further elements of the details of weld type in the order as given in ciause4, separated by , . These elements sue not part of the computer record.
gg
NOTE. For e x p l d o n of abbreviationsused in the designation
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The practical test and the examlliation of job knowledge (see annex C) shall be designated by Accepted or Not tested. Each change of the essential variables for the approval testing beyond the permitted ranges requires a new test and a new approvai certincate.
D e s i i o n example 1 Welder approval EN 287-2141 P B W21 nm to2 PC W ss nb Explanation
Page 18
lasue 2, November 1997
EN 287-2 :1992
Annex A (informative) Welder Approval 'Ilest Certifcate
I Manufacturer's wellding proced~re specincaton

Reference No. (if applicable): Welder's name: Iddcation Method of identincaton Date and place of birllc Employer codmstandard:
o n
. ... .. . . . . .. ..
Examiner or examirung body -. Reference No.
Job knowledge: Acceptablle/Not tested (Delete as necessary)

Weld t s details et Welding process
plate or pipe
L
Range of aPP&
group(s> m e r metal @peldesigtWon shieldinggases Auxilianes %st piece thicknm (mm) Pipe outside diameter (nun) Welding position Gougingmack 3 w
Joint type parent
ljpeoftest
Performed and
Not required
Name, date and signature

Examiner or eXaminlligbody
acceptable
V i
~ O r n h Y
Magnetic particlel
D t of issue ae
Location
W iJ of approval until dl
Penetrant Macro
Fracture
Bend Additional 'Ilests*
*Append separate sheet if required
Prolongation for approval by examiner or examining body for the following 2 y e m (refer to 1 . ) 02
prolongation for approvai by employer/coordinator o 02 for the foilowing 6 months (refer t 1 . )
Date
Position or titie
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EN 287-2 :1992
Page 19
Annex B (informative) Manufacturer's Welding Proceure Specication (WPS) (see EN 2882)
I LQcatiom
M a n u f m ' s welding procedure: Merence No.: W R No.: A
Mn a-
Examiner or examinlng body:
Method of prepadon and cleaning: Parent material specincation

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Joint design
Welding seqnencea
B I UI
Process
Sheof Current illlermetrl A
Voltage V
Tsrpeof
Wire feed
Speed
current/
polarity
Bnn-ont lengthl travel speed
Heat input*
Any specia baking or drying: Gas/fim s e hw il
backing Gas fiow rate: shielding: backing: lhgsten electrode type/size Detaus of back gougingbacking: PreheattexIlperalm2 InterpasstewPosbweld heat m e r k t andor ageing: lime, temperature, methd Heating and cooiing ratesh
other information*: e.g. weaving (maximum width of run): M i o n amplitude, frequency, dweil time: pulse welding details: Stand off distance: plasma welding details: Torch angle
I bufacturer
NZUW2,dateandSignature
*Ifrequllwl
Examiner or examining body Name, date and Signature
Page u)
h e 2, November 1997
EN 287-2 :1992
Annex C (informative)
Job knowledge
C.l General The test of job knowledge is recommended, but it is C.2.4 C o r t s d l e s not mandatory. a) Identification of consumables; However, some countries may require that the welder b) Stomge, handiing and conditiow of consumableq et undergoes a ts of job knowledge. If the job knowledge test is carried out, it should be recorded on c) Selection of correct size; the welder's certificate. d) Cleanliness of electrodes and filler wires; This annex outiines the job knowledge that a welder e) Control of wire spooling; should have to ensure W procedures are followed f ) Control and monitoring of gas flow rates and and common practices are complied with. The job quality. knowledge indicated in this annex is only pitched at the most basic leveL C.2.5 StEfety and aectdent prevention wing to different training programmes in various a) Safe assembly, s e up and closing down w countries, it is oniy proposed to standadbe general procedures; objectives or categories of job knowledge. The actual b) Safe control of welding fumes and gases; questions used should be drawn up by the individual c) Personal protection; c o w , but should include questions on meas covered by ciause C.2, relevant to the welders approval t s . et d) F3re hazards; The actual tests of a welder's job knowledge may be e) Welding in confined spaces; given by any of the following methods or combinaons f ) Awareness of welding environment; of these meth&. g) Environment of increase hazard of electric shock; a) written objective tests (multiple choice); h) Radiation from the arc; b) oral questioning following a set of written i) Effects of stray arcing; qUl?StiOW, j) Safe storage, hi and use of c o m p d an ng d l c) computer testing;
C.2.3 Parent metals a) Identification of material; b) M t o s and control of p r e h e ehd c) Control of interpass tempemure.
d) demonstrationlobservation t s i g following a etn written set of criteria The test of job knowledge is limited to the matters related to the welding process used in the ts. et
C.2 Requirements
C1.1 Weldurg equipment for gas-shielded meta-arc welding (131,141,15)1) a) Identifidon and assembly of essential
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gases;
k) Leak detection on gas hoses and fittings.

C.2.6 WenQ sequenees@rocedures Apprecialion of welding procedure requirements and the influence of welding parameters. C.2.7 E&e prepamtion an weld representation a) Conformance of weld preparation to procedure specification (WPS); b) Cleanliness and drying of fusion faces. C.2.8 Weld mper$ections a) Identification of imperfections; b) Causes; c) Prevention and remedial action.
components and equipment; b) Qpe of welding currenq c) correct connection of the welding r e m cable.
C.2.2 Weng processes a) Qpes and size of electrodes tun@ten electrodes, wire electrodes; C.2.9 WeMRr &pproual b) Identincaton of shielding gas and flow rate; The welder shali be aware of the range of the c) Qpe, size and maintenance of nozzles contact tip; approval. d) Protection of the welding arc f o draughts. rm
i) The numbers refer t ISO 4063. o
~~
O BSI 1997
BS EN 287-2 :199WA1:1997
List of references
see national foreword.
Q BSI 1997
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BS EN 287-2 : 1992
Issue 3, June 1998
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Testing Welders For Fusion Welding: Approval of

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S T D - B S I BS EN 287-2-ENGL

Approval testing of welders for fusion welding

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

BS EN 287-2 :199UAl: 1997

Issue 3, June 1998

Committees responsible for this British Standard

Amendments issued since publication

November 1997 June 1998

Indicated in the margin by a sideline Indicated in the margin by a sideline

lb2Ybb7 0705272 987

Issue 2, June 1998

Front cover Inside front cover a b

Inside back cover Back cover

1992 W L b 2 4 b b 7 O705273 815

Issue 3, June 1998

BS EN 287-2 :199WAl: 1997

EUROPEAN SrANDARID Nom EUROPEENNE

UDC 621.791-057.2 : 377.127.6 : 669.71

Centrd Secretariak rue de Stassart 36,B-1060Brussels

Ref. No. EN 287-2 : "Al:

Page 2 EN 287-2 : 1992

Inne 2, November 1997

Heattreanent Range of approval Test piece Test specimen

2 10 Periodofvaiidity 2 10.1 Initialapproval 3 10.2 Prolongation 1 3 1 cerfication 3 12 Designation

Annexes A (iormaive) Welder Approval Test

Issue 2, November 1997

O Introduction This standar covers the principles to be observed in

During the approval test the welder should be required

2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or

Wlejtrealimtras eddonsnntl.caeil1RI.acEure tests

issue 2, November 1997

C k s s a m t h of impe@ct.iOns in m e t a u . i c w, with ~&

4 Symbols and abbreviations

lan nut ions

5 Essential variables for approval testing

I Test piece diameter D')

Table 2. Test piece diameter and range of approval

D 5 125 D > 125

For structural hollow sections D is the dimension of the

6 Range of approval for the welder

Page 6 EN 287-2 :1992

Issue 2, November 1997

Figure 1. Welding positions for plates

Issue 2, November 1997

Pipe: fixed Axis:vertical Weld: horizontal

Pipe: rotating Axis: inclined Weld: flat

Pipe: rotating Axis: horizontal Weld: horizontal vertical

Pipe: fixed Axis: horizontal Weld: vertical down\

Pipe: fixed Axis: vertical Weld: horizontal vertical PF

Pipe: fixed Axis: horizontal Weld: vertical upwards

Pipe: fixed Axis: vertical Weld: horizontal OVE

Figure 2. Welding positions for pipes

Issue 2, November 1997

Details of the weld type

e of approval Butt welds in plate

withgouging nogouging withbacking no backing -

indicates those welds for which the welder i also approved. s

Issue 2, November 1997

Page 9 EN 287-2 : 1992

7 Examination and testhg

Imbie 4. Range of approval for parent metal

aP P -&indicates those material groups for which the welder is not