Polio Vaccine

Polio is caused by intestinal viruses that spread from person to person in stool and saliva. Most people infected with polio (approximately 95%) show no symptoms. Minor sympotoms can include sore throat, low-grade fever, nausea, and vomiting. Some infected persons (1 to 2%) will have stiffness in the next, back, or legs without paralysis. Less than 1% of polio infections (about 1 of every1,000 cases) cause paralysis. In some cases the polio virus will paralyze the muscles used to breathe, leaving the victim unable to breathe on his or her own. Polio immunization protects against poliomyelitis, a severe disease that leads to the loss of movement. The vaccine contains an inactive (dead) form of the polio virus. It is called an inactivated polio vaccine, or IPV. It cannot cause polio.

Source: http://www.immunizationinfo.org/vaccines/polio & http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002030.htm

Discovered by: Jonas Salk

In 1952 he first innoculated volunteers, including himself, his wife, and their three sons, with a polio vaccine made from this killed virus. Everyone who received the test vaccine began producing antibodies to the disease, yet no one became ill. The vaccine seemed safe and effective.

Source: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bmsalk.html

Influenza Vaccine
The flu is an infection of the nose, throat, and lungs. The influenza virus causes the infection. The influenza vaccine, also known as a flu shot, is an annual vaccine to protect against the highly variable influenza virus Each injected seasonal influenza vaccine contains three influenza viruses: one influenza type A subtype H3N2 virus strain, one influenza type A subtype H1N1 (seasonal) virus strain, and one influenza type B virus strain Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_vaccine

Discovered by: Almroth Edward Wright

He developed a vaccine against typhoid that was tested on more than 3,000 soldiers in India and used successfully during the South African (Boer) War. Source: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/649457/Sir-Almroth-Edward-Wright

Hepatitis B
The Hepatitis B vaccine is considered one of the safest and most effective vaccines ever made. Numerous studies looking at the vaccine's safety have been conducted by the Centers for Disease Control, World Health Organization, and other professional medical associations. They have not found any evidence that the vaccine causes sudden infant deaths (SIDs), multiple sclerosis, or other neurological disorders. Source: http://www.hepb.org/hepb/vaccine_information.htm

Discovered by:Baruch Blumberg

His discovery of the hepatitis B virus and invention of the first HBV vaccine are considered among the great medical achievements of the 20th century. When the HBF met with Dr. Blumberg ten years ago, he told us that a cure was indeed possible and within reach