BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College Of Information And Communication Technology City of Malolos, Bulacan

WIFI AS A PROCESS

Leader: Raven Arca MEMBERS: Michelle Jamandron Micah Joshua Santos Lorelei Banzon Paul John Garcia Kerwin Pingol Charlie Eugenio Doza BIT-COMPTECH 3D-G2

Wifi as a Process I. Introduction

Wifi is a popular technology that allows an electronic device to exchange data wirelessly (using radio waves) over a computer network, including high-speed Internet connections. The Wi-Fi Alliance defines Wi-Fi as any "wireless local area network (WLAN) products that are based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' (IEEE) standards".However, since most modern WLANs are based on these standards, the term "Wi-Fi" is used in general English as a synonym for "WLAN".

A device that can use Wi-Fi (such as a personal computer, video game console,smartphone, tablet, or digital audio player) can connect to a network resource such as the Internet via a wireless network access point. Such an access point (or hotspot) has a range of about 20 meters (65 feet) indoors and a greater range outdoors. Hotspot coverage can comprise an area as small as a single room with walls that block radio waves or as large as many square miles this is achieved by using multiple overlapping access points. Uses To connect to a Wi-Fi LAN, a computer has to be equipped with a wireless network interface controller. The combination of computer and interface controller is called a station. All stations share a single radio frequency communication channel. Transmissions on this channel are received by all stations within range. The hardware does not signal the user that the transmission was delivered and is therefore called a best-effort delivery mechanism. A carrier wave is used to transmit the data in packets, referred to as "Ethernet frames". Each station is constantly tuned in on the radio frequency communication channel to pick up available transmission.

Wifi as a Process Advantages and limitations advantages

Wi-Fi allows cheaper deployment of local area networks (LANs). Also spaces where cables cannot be run, such as outdoor areas and historical buildings, can host wireless LANs. Manufacturers are building wireless network adapters into most laptops. The price ofchipsets for Wi-Fi continues to drop, making it an economical networking option included in even more devices Different competitive brands of access points and client network-interfaces can inter-operate at a basic level of service. Products designated as "Wi-Fi Certified" by the Wi-Fi Alliance are backwards compatible. Unlike mobile phones, any standard Wi-Fi device will work anywhere in the world. Wi-Fi Protected Access encryption (WPA2) is considered secure, provided a strong passphrase is used. New protocols for quality-of-service (WMM) make Wi-Fi more suitable for latencysensitive applications (such as voice and video). Power saving mechanisms (WMM Power Save) extend battery life. Limitations Spectrum assignments and operational limitations are not consistent worldwide: most of Europe allows for an additional two channels beyond those permitted in the US for the 2.4 GHz band (1 13 vs. 111), while Japan has one more on top of that (114). As of 2007, Europe, is essentially homogeneous in this respect. A Wi-Fi signal occupies five channels in the 2.4 GHz band. Any two channels numbers that differ by five or more, such as 2 and 7, do not overlap. The oft-repeated adage that channels 1, 6, and 11 are the only non-overlapping channels is, therefore, not accurate. Channels 1, 6, and 11 are the only group of three non-overlapping channels in the U.S. In Europe and Japan using Channels 1, 5, 9, and 13 for 802.11g and n is recommended. Equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) in the EU is limited to 20 dBm (100 mW). The current 'fastest' norm, 802.11n, uses double the radio spectrum/bandwidth (40 MHz) compared to 802.11a or 802.11g (20 MHz). This means there can be only one 802.11n network on the 2.4 GHz band at a given location, without interference to/from other WLAN traffic. 802.11n can also be set to use 20 MHz bandwidth only to prevent interference in dense community.

Wifi as a Process II. Step by Step A.How to Install a WiFi Network

You can super-accelerate your Internet connection with a broadband connection and get access to it via all your computers (and even outside -without cords!) if you install a wireless or WiFi network. The wireless networking options available today make it easy to share the internet in a way that is not only affordable but secure too. This article will provide you with step-by-step instructions on how to distribute broadband access among multiple notebook or desktop computers and keep your network protected at the same time. Its fairly simple to install a WiFi network if you keep your wits about you and follow all the instructions provided. To install a WiFi network you will need: 1. A wireless router or gateway 2. A wireless adapter for each system that connects to the network. (One or more wireless adapters: PC Card adapter for a notebook PC and a PCI or USB adapter for a secondary desktop.) 3. A broadband connection to the Internet (typically via cable or DSL modem). 4. An Ethernet cable The IP address assigned to your system by your ISP if you use a static IP address. 5. If you use DSL, you will need the username and password assigned to you by your Internet Service Provider (ISP). 6. The MAC address for all wireless network adapters. 7. Pen and paper to write down network settings (IP and MAC addresses.) Install the Wireless Adapters 1. Install a WiFi network adapter in all systems you want to connect wirelessly to the router. 2. If using D-Link PC Card and PCI adapters, install the software from the CD before installing the hardware. Shut down your system, install the adapter, and reboot your computer. Once the computer has restarted, the Found New Hardware Wizard should appear and initiate the driver installation. Select Install the software automatically and click Next. If you see a message warning that the driver has not passed Windows logo testing, click Continue Anyway. Configure (Part 1) If your WiFi system cant connect to the internet yet, you may need to complete a few more steps.

Wifi as a Process

1. To install a WiFi network, if you are running Windows, you may need to disable the Windows wireless-configuration feature. You will also need to do this if you intend using the bundled utilities. To disable it: -Click the Windows Networking icon in the system tray. -When the Wireless Network Connection dialog box appears, click advanced and select the Wireless Networks tab. -Uncheck Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings and ok -Restart your system. 2. Other operating systems may just need a reboot to get your WiFi adapter to run correctly once the drivers are installed. If you still cant connect carry on with the next few steps and they should solve your problem. Set Security 1. Access your wireless routers configuration utility again by entering its IP address in your browser. 2. Use the router documentation or built-in help to find the option that allows changes to your default password. (With the DI-624, this option is found on the Tools page). 3. Change the password but leave the configuration routine open. Set the SSID Now you need to change the name of your network. This is referred to as the service set identifier or SSID. With some wireless adapters you access this setting by clicking the Wireless button. Change the default SSID to anything you prefer but dont choose a value that anybody might guess like your name, birthday or surname. Dont exit after the changes. When you install a WiFi network you want it to be a secure as possible to protect yourself from hijackers. Note that your router may also allow you to disable SSID broadcasting. This feature keeps potential intruders from seeing your wireless network among THEIR connection choices.

Wifi as a Process B. How to hack a Wi-Fi network

Wi-Fi is the mechanism which offers a platform for wireless connectivity between electronic devices. In the advanced world of present, it has emerged as a substitute for wired network. Though it has offered many benefits but it has raised some questions over security concerns as it has paved the way for hackers to seep into the wireless network. With the aid of modern sophisticated software's and tools, one can easily hack a wireless network. 1. A computer with wireless card: For hacking a Wi-Fi network, the most important requirement is having a computer with Wi-Fi card. It will act as a platform for hacking the network. 2. A sophisticated software like CommView: Sophisticated software like CommView is a vital tool for hacking a Wi-Fi network as it will assist in the hack process. It is tailor made for such processes. 3. WEP recovery key: WEP is the security code on the wireless network which allows the exchange of messages within the networked devices. Cracking this key is most important for hacking a network. 4. Aircrack-NG: Aircrack-NG will help in finalizing the hacking process and connecting to the hacked network. Once all the tools are in the zone of availability, one can continue with the process of hacking a WI-Fi network. Procedure: 1. Testing the computers wireless card: The first step of the hacking process begins with the test of the wireless card. If the computer detects the wireless card successfully, one can enter the second step. 2. Scanning for the wireless network to be hacked: The second step for the hacking the wireless network is scanning for the network to be hacked. Once the computer detects the network, one can enter the next step. 3. Installing the software CommView: The next step in the hacking process begins with the installation of CommView software. Install CommView and paste the cv.exe to the install directory.

Wifi as a Process III. Operation

1.What does a wifi antenna do? It sends and receives radio signals to and from other wireless devices. Similar to a CB radio only in computer language. 2. What does a wifi adapter do? First off, there's a wide-area WiFi service, through cellular towers or other radio broadcast. It may be called Municipal WiFi, WiMax, or the like. Then there's the more common home version, where you would get a Wireless Router, and it would broadcast a signal which local devices can pick up and relay. Yes, you can have a number of devices on the same WiFi connection, and it shouldn't be a problem getting a router, you can plug it into your cable modem and then into your computer. Or just use wireless for all. There is no reason for you to pay your ISP for this service, it costs them nothing more, and all you'd need to do is see what connection configuration (if any) you might need to do this. There are numerous different kinds of wireless routers though. At the least you want b/g/n support. You may also want a router that has simultaneous dual-band 2.4Ghz/5Ghz support(note simultaneous is different from single-band), or one that has a USB connector so you can plug in a hard drive or other storage device. Obviously this will only work in your house and the vicinity, with the details being dependent on your house's construction. Some people need to use more than one wireless router to get adequate coverage.

The Basics Of How WiFi Works At its heart, wireless networking is based around technology that has been in use for almost a hundred years now. A wireless network will use radio wave to communicate similar to how your television and radio works. In those devices however there is only one way communication. Probably the earliest examples of WiFi are the talk radio. This simple device evolved into the cell phone, and now the same core technology is being used in WiFi systems to connect computers up to the internet. Your laptop will take the outgoing data you want to send, translate that information into a radio signal and transmit it using an antenna. This signal is encrypted so only the proper device that can decrypt will be able to analyze and decode the signal. In older laptops this was done by an external card with a large antenna. Today, the device is embedded inside the laptop and you will not even see it. In order to download information, this process will work in reverse. The WiFi router will send out a signal that only your computer can decipher, you will translate it and

Wifi as a Process

Download the information. There are a few notable differences between a WiFi system and a cell phone or a walkie talkie. The first is that WiFi operates at a much higher frequency then these other devices. Typically a WiFi system will transmit either in 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz. This higher frequency allows the WiFi system to transmit a significantly higher amount of data. The data for WiFi uses the 802.11 networking standard in 4 distinct types. The a standard transmits at 5 GHz and can move up to 54 megabits of data per second by using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. For the purposes of this article you really do not need to know that is suffice to say it is a more efficient way of moving data. B is the slowest and least expensive standard operating at 2.4 GHz. It can do 11 megabits per second. G is the most common as of today, it is similar to a in that it uses OFDM, but it operates at 2.4 GHz making it a lot less expensive. It can handle 54 megabits per second. The newest standard of WiFi is N. This standard significantly improves not only speed but range as well. It can achieve a high of 140 megabits per second. These devices are not common, but are becoming so.

Technologys have wifi

Review:

Brief History of wifi Early 802.11 products suffered from interoperability problems because the IEEE has no provision for testing equipment for compliance with its standards. In 1999, pioneers of a new, higher speed (compared to the original 802.11) spec, endorsed the IEEE 802.11b specification to form the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA) and branded the new technology Wi-Fi. The group of companies included 3Com, Aironet (now Cisco), Harris Semiconductor (now Intersil), Lucent (now LSI Corporation),Symbol Technologies (now Motorola), and Nokia.[1] As key sponsors, now the Alliance lists other companies, such as Apple inc. andMicrosoft. The charter for this independent organization was to perform testing, certify interoperability of products, and to promote the technology. WECA renamed itself the Wi-Fi Alliance in 2002.[2] It is based in Austin, Texas. Today, most producers of 802.11 equipment are members, and as of 2010, the Wi-Fi Alliance has over 375 member companies worldwide.

How WiFi Works If you've been in an airport, coffee shop, library or hotel recently, chances are you've been right in the middle of a wireless network. Many people also use wireless networking, also called WiFi or 802.11 networking, to connect their computers at home, and some cities are trying to use the technology to provide free or low-cost Internet access to residents. In the near future, wireless networking may become so widespread that you can access the Internet just about anywhere at any time, without using wires. WiFi has a lot of advantages. Wireless networks are easy to set up and inexpensive. They're also unobtrusive -- unless you're on the lookout for a place to use your laptop, you may not even notice when you're in a hotspot. In this article, we'll look at the technology that allows information to travel over the air. We'll also review what it takes to create a wireless network in your home.