Introducing micro-organisms

1. In the 17th century, thousands of people died of a disease called the _______________.
2. Doctors thought it was caused by _______________________________ and so they wore a
special _____________________.
3. However, the costumes did not work __________.
4. Today, we know that plague is caused by _______________________ (or ______________).
5. Micro-organism are tiny ______________________________ that can only be seen by
__________________.
6. The micro-organism that cause diseases are often called ______________________.
7. A roman scientist. __________________________, first suggested hat tny living things
caused diseases but he had no _________________________.
8. So, until 19th century people think diseases caused by strange things like _____________ and
______________.
9. There are four main kinds of microorganism:

Discovering microorganism
1. A _______________ shaped microorganism caused diseases in silkworm.
2. Explain Pasteurs experiment:

3. Pasteur found ____________________ for Bechamps theory.

4. Many microorganism cause diseases but not _____________ microorganisms cause
diseases.
5. ________________________ is the scientific term for germs.
6. _________________ are the smallest of microorganisms and can cause diseases like
_________________, ________________, _________________ and _____________.
7. ________________ are larger than ___________________.
8. These cause diseases like __________________, __________________ and
_______________________________.
9. They are also responsible for _________________ and __________________.
10. There is large number of _________________. These include ______________________ and
______________________________.
11. Mould causes _____________ (useful in ____________ but not in __________________)
Tooth decay
1. Tooth decay or _______________________ is caused by ________________ in the mouth.
2. These bacteria feed on the __________________ in the food that you eat and stick to your
________________.
3. These form ___________ on the teeth.
4. As bacteria feed, they produce _________________.
5. These acids damage the ______________________________________ of the teeth and
make _________________ called tooth decay.
6. This becomes painful when holes extend into the __________________.
Vaccinations
1. Vaccinations were invented by _____________________________.
2. Vaccinations are given to people to ___________________________________________.
3. Vaccinated means ________________________________________________________.
4. A vaccine contains ______________ or _______________ forms of microorganism that
causes a _____________________.
5. When the vaccine is injected into the body, it produces chemicals called
____________________.
6. These antibodies will destroy the microorganisms in the ______________________.
7. These antibodies continue to live forever to destroy the ________________________ causing
the diseases.

8. ________________ type of antibody is needed to destroy each type of microorganisms.

9. Which vaccinations do you need to have only once? Why?

Age

Vaccine given

Decay
1. Microorganisms feeding on food and turning it into other things is called _______________.
2. ______________ is a microorganism.
3. Food decays faster when there is _______________ and _______________.
4. Raw meat is ________________ to kill ____________________ in them.
5. In 1928, ___________________________ found a medicine called ______________ from a
mould that kills bacteria.
6. The microorganisms can make us ill with ___________________.

Useful decay
1. Dead things, like leaves, dont pile up in nature but disappear because microorganisms
______________ on them.
2. This is useful because dead things contain _________________, which plants need to
_________________.
3. When the dead things decay, nutrients go into _______________.
4. Many ________________________ things, like plastic and glass dont decay and can litter the
environment.
5. When we throw them away, they are dumped into _________________.

Bread and Cheese

1. Yeasts are not plants or _________ but member of the __________________________.
2. They are used to produce wide range of ________________ and ______________ mainly
_______________, ________________ and ______________.
3. There are many different types of _______________.
4. Explain the different types of yeast:

5. As they feed on the_____________ found in the starting ingredients of the products, they
produce a gas called ____________________.
6. It is ______________ of this gas cause the ____________ that you see in many different
kinds of breads.
7. The bread _____________ is mixed with ____________ and allowed to stand in a
____________ place.
8. The yeast feed on the sugar in the____________ and the carbon dioxide produced causes the
dough to rise.
9. Why bread need not have to add sugar?

10. Baking of the bread kills the ______________ and any further rising of the bread baking is
caused by _____________________ of the gas ____________ and not the action of
________________.