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ChE 0100, Fall 2011 (2121) Instructor: Robert S. Parker 1241 BEH rparker@pitt.edu
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A B = AB =
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Multiplication order is important AB = BA AB = 0 BA = 0, A = 0, B = 0 (necessarily) AC = AD C = D (necessarily) distributive and associative laws hold
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Transpose
Switches dimensions of vector or matrix
AT = A symmetric v1 a11 (AB)T = BT AT a12 . . . a1n
v=
a21 a22 . . . a2n v2 n1 A= . . .. . . =v . . . . . . . . . am1 am2 . . . amn vn a11 a21 a 12 a22 T T v = v1 v2 . . . vn A = . . . . . . a1n a2n
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Matrix minor - determinant of order (n 1) obtained by deleting row i and column j from a matrix Mi j from A above: M11 (A) = a22 Cofactor: Ci j (A) = (1)i+ j Mi j (A) Higher-order determinants D = det(A33 ) = n ai1Ci1 i=1
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Rank
Maximum number of linearly independent rows (or columns) in a matrix highest dimension square submatrix w/ nonzero determinant Find by maximizing size of lower triangular 0
1 1
2 1 2 0 0 1 2 2 2r1 + r2 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 2 0 1 2 2 r2 + r3 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 0
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Matrix Inverse
Method for matrix division Only for exists for square matrices Properties
AA1 = A1 A = I (AC)1 = C1 A1
Relaxed inverse, for nonsquare matrices if m > n (more rows than columns)
A = (AT A)1
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Row operations method transform [A|I] to [I|A1 ] by row operations Example - nd the inverse of:
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1 2 4 A= 1 2 1
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Eigenvalues ()
Solutions to the equation Ax = x equivalent to (A I)x = 0 Calculate by setting det(A I) = 0 and solving for i One eigenvalue for each row in A Find the eigenvalues of A = 4 2 3 1
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