Cavity Resonators

Introduction
Dr. Ray Kwok

Reference: Feynman, Lectures on Physics, Vol 2

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

LC Resonator (Lenzs Law)

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Helical Resonator
L C

1 o = LC
Higher frequency smaller L or C

smaller C smaller area

Just the coil itself resonate (Helical Resonator) Internal capacitance between turns Cant use coil in very high frequency

L C
R

real coil equivalent

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Cavity Resonator
L C

1 o = LC

smaller L less turns

even higher f parallel L

both E & B resonate inside?

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

High frequency capacitor

dc no B ac E & B coexist

cavity except tangential E = 0 on the walls, more field strength at center .etc

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Coupling in and out of cavity

Wire / connector Couple E-field Capacitive coupling Line up with concentrated E-field to induced V

Wire / loop Couple H-field Inductive coupling Loop thru H-field to induced current

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Resonate Frequencies
output

Q f / fo

Quality Factor

fo

f many resonants

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Different modes

some require different coupling mechanisms

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Rectangular Cavity Resonators

b

m n 2 k 2 2 k c = + a b 2 2 k 2 = = k c + 2 p g d= 2 2 p = = d g
2

a d

m n p k2 = + + mnp a b d 2f mnp= ck mnp

2 2

For TEmnp and TMmnp modes

c m n p f mnp= + + 2 a b d

air

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Cylindrical Cavity Resonators

2 2 k 2 = = k c + 2 2 p = = d g
d
2

2 mnp

p = k + d
2 c

c p 2 f mnp= kc + 2 d
e.g. Coke can, a ~ 1.25, d ~ 5 TE111: kc = 1.8412 / 1.25 = 1.473
2

air

11.811 1 f 111= (1.473) 2 + = 3.01GHz 2 5

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Resonant

e.g. Coke can, a ~ 1.25, d ~ 5 TE111: kc = 1.8412 / 1.25 = 1.473

11.811 1 f 111= (1.473) 2 + = 3.01GHz 2 5

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Dual Mode Cavity

e.g. TE10 square waveguide

orthogonal

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Perturbation
e.g. TE10

coupled modes Use for: Circular polarization Dual cavity Cross-coupled

Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok

Dual Mode

TE111 mode

Upto 5-modes cavity has been demonstrated.