pi

Subscriptions for 1904 ar

Vol. XII.]

JANUARY,

1904.

THE

ORCHID REVIEW:
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Royal Horticultural

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Horticultural Society, September

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THE ORCHID REVIEW.

THE

ORCHID REVIEW
DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY

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1904

XII

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is

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reserved.)

THE ORCHID
JANUARY,
1904.

REVIEW.

EVENTS OF
The
wettest since records were kept
outside, but
it

1903.

past year has been one of the wettest ever

remembered

and

perhaps the

generally disastrous to horticulture

is

doubtful whether Orchids have suffered to any great

extent by the climatic conditions.

The reduced amount

of sunlight in the

autumn probably retarded the ripening of the pseudobulbs somewhat, but good growths were made, and on the whole a moist season is favourable to
Orchid culture, especially to Cool Orchids.

The year has

but
it

not been marked by any striking event

in

the Orchid world,

has been one of steady progress, and a number of interesting novelties

in gardens.

have flowered, though these have been almost entirely raised

Exhibitions.

The
event,

great Quinquennial Exhibition at

this occasion
it

Ghent

is

always a noteworthy

and on

brought together a magnificent display of

the

Orchids, though there was

of existing hybrids,

little in

way

of actual novelty except varieties

in

some

of

which were shown

for

very fine condition.

The The
in

magnificent group staged by Messrs. Peeters, of Brussels, which gained the

premier award, will long be remembered

its

uniform excellence.

weather, however, was wretched, and the

blinding

Exhibition

was opened

snow storm.
great exhibitions of the Royal Horticultural Society at
at

Holland House were also marked by brilliant displays, and the usual fortnightly meetings have been quite up to the average, while the Manchester Orchid Society's meetings, and the Spring and Whitsuntide shows of the Manchester Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society, have
been marked for the excellence of the Orchids exhibited.

The two Temple and

the

Novelties.
Imported novelties have been very few
in

number, and

it

is

a long time
to us are

since so few have been recorded in a season.

Those which occur

Angraecum Rothschildianum, Dendrobium X Margaret, a supposed natural Among rarities, however, hybrid, and Bulbophyllum erythrostachyum.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

and C.
virescens,

[January, 1904.

may

be mentioned the three remarkable species of the genus Chloraea,

crispa, C. multitiora,

Mr. Elwes, and flowered at Kew.

which were introduced from Chili by The two former have probably never
is

before flowered in cultivation, and the first-named

very beautiful, and Rodri-

should be a notable acquisition to the ranks of terrestrial Orchids.

guezia Batemanii also
is

an interesting re-introduction, and the remarkable

in cultivation.

Mcgacliniumplatyrhachis has appeared

is

Didymoplexis pallens

an interesting saphrophyte which,

collection.

like

the last-named, flowered in the

Kew

Hybrids.

Among

hybrids a number of interesting novelties have appeared, and

among them we may mention the handsome Cattleya X Roehrsiana, C. X Clarissa, C. X Claudian, C. X Katherinae, C. X Tankervillei, and C, X
St.

Gilles,

Brassocattleya

X X

Pocahontas, Brassolaelia

Rolfei, Brasses

catlaelia

X Vanda X

Mackayi, Cymbidium
Maronse, Phaius

X Lowgrinum,
Harold, and P.

Laelio-cattleya

Hilda,

Clive,

the

handsome

X chardwarense (whose origin should be confirmed if possible), Dendrobium X Thwaitesiae, and D. X clarense, Zygopetalum X Sanderi, Paphiopedilum X erubescens, P. X Omphale, P. X Persephone, P.X Violetta,and others of the genus, Epidendrum X Boundii, E. X kewense, Cynorchis X kewensis, Spathoglottis X kewensis, and various others, which
Phaio-cvmbidium
have been exhibited
it

at the various meetings.

Of

the three last mentioned

may

be said that their names denote their place of origin.

in the

Odonto-

glossums are mentioned

succeeding paragraph.

Seedling Odontoglossums have engaged a great deal of attention during

the year, and as evidence of the rapid progress

now

being

made

in this

department

it

may

be mentioned that no

less

than

six First-class Certificates

and seven Awards of Merit were given

to

these beautiful plants by the

were varieties of previously recorded hybrids, but two were quite new, namely, O. X Bradshawiae and
the
year.

R.H.S.

during

Most

of

them

O. X waltonense, and both gained First-class Certificates from the R.H.SThe latter was figured at page 49 of our last volume, and we may also allude to the remarkable group of six hundred seedlings in the collection
of

W. Thompson,
is

woodiense

Odontoglossum X beardanother interesting novelty which must not be overlooked.

Esq., figured
at

page

41.

Numerous notes

in our pages testify to the rapid progress

now being made,

It is

and these may readily be found by means of the Index.

that the difficulties formerly encountered have
further developments

quite evident

now been surmounted, and

may

be anticipated in the near future.

Certificated Orchids. Thirty-three Orchids gained the award of a First-class

Certificate

from

January,
the

9o4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Society during the year, namely,
ten
Zygopetaltinits,

Royal

Horticultural

Odonto-

glossums, seven Cattleyas, six Lselio-cattleyas, three

two

Dendrobiums,

and

one

each

of

Cymbidium,

Cypripediutn.

Phaius,

Phaio-cymbidium, and Vanda.

It is significant

that

twenty-two of these

were hybrids of

artificial

origin,

remaining eight being varieties

and three others natural hybrids, the of natural species, half of which belonged to
fifteen

Odontoglossum crispum.
Cattleya and

Seventy-three others gained Awards of Merit,

namely, twenty-four Odontoglossums,

L^lio-cattleya,

Cypripediums, eight each of

three

seven
of

Dendrobiums,
Brassocattleya,

Phaius,

two

Cymbidiums,
artificial

and

one

each

Epicattleya,

Lselia,

Masdevallia, Schomburgkia, and Vanda.

They
five,

are further divisible into,

hybrids fifty-one, natural hybrids

eight of

and

varieties

of natural

which belonged to Odontoglossum crispum. Ten Botanical Certificates were also awarded, none of these being to hybrids. The numerous awards of the Manchester Orchid Society can only be mentioned in passing.
species seventeen,

Use of Leaf-Mould.
Further experience has been gained in the use of leaf-mould as an
ingredient in the compost for Orchids, and opinions as to
its

merits are

somewhat

conflicting,

though on the whole they are favourable, and we are

inclined to think that the results

which have proved disappointing have

been chiefly due to the improper use of the material. Those growers who have used it rather as an addition to, than as a substitute for the old compost, seem to have been most successful, and what seems chiefly needed
is

experience as to the proper method of using

it,

and some additional care

in

watering the plants.

We
of

should

like to

have the experience of others

on the subject.
Mendel's "

Laws

"

Inheritance have

again

received considerable

attention in connection with hybrid Orchids,

and two important papers by

Captain Hurst have been dealt with

In
this

in

considerable detail in our pages.

connection must be mentioned the remarkable series of thirty

varieties of

Paphiopedilum

Hera, figured at pages 71 to 72

in

our

last

volume.

Losses During the Year.

Among

the losses to Orchidology during the year must be mentioned

M. Godefroy-Lebeuf, of Argenteuil, founder of L'Orchidophile, and well known as an importer and grower of Orchids, and Hermann Wendland of Herrenhausen, who had brought together a fine miscellaneous collection of
Orchids, including
Orchidology-,

many

botanical rarities.

The year 1903 has

and there

not

vanished

without leaving

are auguries of further advances in

mark upon the coming year.

its

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

our readers contribute something to the m, we wish each and all " A Happy New Ye
f
>

their collections.

Modern Progress
above
title,

in

Horticulture. In
last

paper

bearing

the

read before the Horticultural

Club by Mr. F.

W.

Burbidge,

M.A., V.M.H., and published in the

Horticultural Society,

issue of the Journal of the

Royal
:

we

find the following reference to Orchids (p. T37)

in

" Amongst the most potent factors of change and progress

nursery

management, so

far as

imported Orchids, bulbs, &c, are concerned, have

in

been the public or auction sales held

London, Liverpool, Manchester,

Birmingham, and other large towns. The expenses and risks of collecting abroad and the lowering of prices consequent on competition both at home and on the Continent, as combined with the effects of auction sales, have
revolutionised the nursery trade formerly done in these exotics and other

"The
sales
;

price of

all

nursery stock

is

lowered sooner or later by auction

but in the case of trees and shrubs, hardy plants, and Dutch flower-

roots the effects are not so apparent, as the widespread public

so enormous.

In the case of Orchids, however, for which the

effects

demand demand

is
is

comparatively limited, the

were more immediately seen.

left in

As a con-

sequence Orchid collecting has been

the hands of those

expressly for sales by auction, and one result has been that

who import those who can

and labour, of new and
are
sky.

pay

for glass

houses and
if

fuel,

and

afford the necessary attention

so.

may grow Orchids

they care to do

An enormous
is

influx

beautiful home-raised seedlings

and hybrid Orchids

another result that

has been encouraged by auction sales.

In other words,

new Orchids

now being raised by the thousand under glass roofs beneath an English In this way the nurseryman can protect himself and his creations."

Decorations with Orchids. At the

luncheon.

visit

of

the Italian monarchs

Orchids only were used to decorate the Royal table at the Guildhall

Between three and

in

lour

thousand of the dainty and costly

blooms were arranged

six tables

gold stands specially designed for the occasion,

representing the Italian colours of green, white and red.

The

other twenty-

were embellished with carnations, white

lilac, roses, lilies,

and

chrysanthemums in all about 9,000 blooms or a grand total of between Journal of 12,000 and 13,000 Orchids and less important flowers.
Horticulture.


January,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ORCHID CULTURE IN LEAF MOULD.

Before
the next Orchid growing season
to give their opinions for

comes upon us may I ask growers or against the use of leaf-mould, and the reasons,

from past experience,

I

for their preference.

may

say that

of culture in

was content, and very successful, with the old system sphagnum and peat or fern fibre, but being requested to try
I I

the leaf-mould

have done

so,

with the following results -.Wonderful root

action, large bulbs

and

leaves, also

many

extra breaks or growths

but the

main or primary object

cut for decorating

flowers

that will last long on the plants, or

has

been very unsatisfactory.

The

flowers in

when some
At

cases don't live half so long as

formerly, with the peat culture, particularly

revel in

Odontoglossums, though the plants themselves simply

the end of the last

leaves.

London season my employer,

Since then
I

whilst complimenting

me

upon the

line

Odontoglossums and Cattleyas sent to London,

and C.
labiata, cut

said, " but

they don't last any time now."

of Cattleya Gaskelliana,

have noted that the flowers

from plants grown

in leaves

don't last so long as formerly,

when peat was used, one exception, however, being Odontoglossum grande. Dendrobium Phalaenopsis Schrcederianum
fine spikes

flowers have faded at the bottom of the spikes before the top flowers opened,

and

they were too.

off

opening their flowers, and go simply pictures of health.

At present the coloured Laelia anceps are sooner than formerly, and the plants are

noted grower of thousands of Odontoglossums for market cutting,

tells

who

has gone in for the leaf-mould treatment entirely,

don't last so long by half as
I

me

that the flowers

when he

did not use leaves.

in

may

say that

my

Phaius " Cookson's seedlings " grown

leaf-mould
It is also

are marvellous

and showing wonderfully strong flower

in.

spikes.

Ai

for

growing seedlings

J.

Hamilton.

Manderston, Duns, N.B.

[We
side.

should like to see this question ventilated, and evidence would be

particularly valuable from those

who have

tried the

two systems side by

would almost appear that pure leaf-mould was used, and that the greater vegetative luxuriance had a detrimental effect on the quality of the flowers the question arises, therefore, whether
the above remarks
it
;

From

the advantages of both systems might not be obtained by combining them.

The

use of a compost, containing both fibrous peat and leaves in a flaky

condition,

has

several

times

been

recommended,

and

the

foregoing

experience points in the same direction.

The

diverse opinions that have

been expressed as to the use of leaf-mould are very puzzling,

and emphasize
it.

the necessity for further experiments as to the best

way

of using

Ed/


THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[January,

qo4

THE TROUBLES OF AN ORCHIDIST.

The woes
dealt out to mortals are
of

many from
its

the

first,
I

But the troubles

an Orchid

man must

surely be the worst

fist,

For when the fever smites him with

There's no escape
left

stony, mailed

open

he's a full-fledged Orchidist

he'll

He'll ponder over price

lists

burn the midnight

oil,

And

he'll

send
till

all o'er

creation for sample peat or soil

He'll argue

he's tired
to

on the merits of
'till

his way,

How and when

He
He No
has

sun or shade 'em,

there's nothing left to say.

some

fine

Angrsecums, an Oncidium or two,

Fifty-seven kinds of Dendrobes,

and a Vanda,

real true blue

has lots of Catasetums, and a Stenoglottis pink,

end of Epidendrums, and Calanthes,

too, I think.

His Miltonia vexillaria is the finest in the State, And his Cypripedium hybrids are well, they're simply great He imports Odontoglossums and Cattleyas by the score,

Has

forty Laelia crosses,

and Cymbidiums

galore.

and the Isochilus queer, lovely Sophronitis, and the Spathoglottis dear There's a Brassavola glauca, and an Ionopsis too, Such a charming Microstylis, and an Aerides that's new.
costly Phalaenopsis,
;

The The

There's a pot of Bulbophyllum that's enough to drive one frantic,

Masdevallia cucullata, and Stanhopea gigantic

There's Sobralia Amesiana, and Phaius rich and rare,

And

a Chysis langleyensis

but

I really

must forbear.

For were I to go further and enumerate the lot, Tetanus would seize me I'd expire on the spot. These, and many, many others are the symptoms of his plight. And he's happiest among them, be it morn or noon or night.

many from

the

first,

A merican
ORCHID CULTURE IN GLASS POTS.
An
interesting illustration of a

Gardening.

Cypripedium growing

in a glass pot, in

the

collection of Captain G.

W.

Law-Schofield,

New

Hall Hey, Rawtenstall,

last (p. 383, fig. 154).

appears in the Gardeners' Chronicle for December 5th

It is
:

accompanied by the following note " I enclose a photograph which I have just taken of the roots made by Cypripedium potted in a glass pot. After hearing that Mr. De B.

"

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Crawshay had exhibited an Odontoglossum grown in a similar pot, I decided to see what Cattleyas, Cypripediums, and Odontoglossums would do in glass. The Cypripedium, which has been in the pot about six
months, has made good leaves, but has not flowered since potting. One Odontoglossum has grown an exceptionally fine bulb with very long leaves,

which grow erect and very

leaves for Cypripediums, as

stiff

and strong.

We

have quite given up tree

we found
peat,

that the flowers were so

much

inferior

when

leaves were used to those potted in the old way.

is

The

material in the

glass pot

composed of

sphagnum moss, and

fibrous loam.

We

flowered two plants of Cypripedium nitens, Ball's variety, one potted in

leaves

and the other

in loam,

&c, and found

that the flowers of the one in

the latter were altogether superior to those of that in leaves.

find

We

seldom
in leaf

any root action

for the

mould, so

we get from the Continent potted Cypripediums we have used the old material for
in the plants

a year

back, and with very great advantage."

REVERSION IN ODONTOGLOSSUMS,
Mr.
Gurney
Wilson,
Glenthorne,
discussion
p. 356)
:

Hayward's Heath,
" Reversion
in

contributes

the

following

note to the
ii.,

(Gard. Chron., 1903,

"Assuming
this

on

Odontoglossums

that a spotted or blotched

crispum

is

the result of hybridity between a crispum and another species

of Odontoglossum,
of

and that when

its

plant

is

fertilised

by the pollen

progeny shows reversion, how is it that it does not revert to the other parent as well as to the O. crispum ? We know that when certain species are hybridised together, their progeny
another such hybrid

shows the form and markings of both parents, proof of which we have in O. X excellens (triumphans X Pescatorei), loochristiense (crispum X triumphans), etc. and supposing that these hybrids were crossed
;

with others having the same parents, and that this process was continued

with their offspring,

sion,

we

should, after passing through the laws of rever-

be able to produce plants which would prove to be pure species, and show no signs of hybridity at all. Assuming then, that we could do

same with blotched crispums we ought to produce not only pure crispums, but pure forms of the other species, which is supposed to be
the

the other parent of the blotched crispum.

Also that as reversion

is

natural state of things, and continually going on,

to

have discovered

another species,
it is

we ought by which would show some

this time

signs of

imagine a flower having such characteristics as would, when hybridised with an O. crispum, produce progeny whose only difference is in the blotching of the segments, and.
being the other parent, but
difficult to

without

in

any way altering the

crest or

shape of the petals."

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[January, 1904.

ORCHID HYBRIDIZATION.
I

have derived

great

pleasure

from reading your articles on " Orchid

feel sure

Hybridization," as they have appeared from time to time, and

they

you say of sowing seeds " another 217 method is to pack some living sphagnum moss in a pot, and over this stretch a piece of moderately fine canvas on which the seeds are sown," &c.
supply a long-felt want.

On page

My

experience

is

that thick calico

is

better than fine canvas.

have had

sown on what we in Lancashire call " thick twill calico." I take a 5m. pot and fill it full of living moss rather tightly then take a piece of the calico large enough to cover the whole of the moss. This I place flat on my hand, then turn the moss out of the pot on to it, wrapping it completely round the moss, then drop it into the pot again, making the
the best results
;

top firm and slightly rounded by pushing the calico

pot with a label, until the surface

this

is

quite even.
is

down the sides of the One great advantage of

in

method

is

that so long as there

of

any moisture
it

the moss the

absorbent

qualities
if

the cloth will

communicate

evenly over the

surface, so that

by any chance the pots are neglected a day or two no

Four pots of Cattleya and Latlia seeds sown as ni above this summer have come up so thickly as to give one the r that every possible seed had germinated.
serious results occur.
j

HYBRIDS OF ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM.

volume with a series of varieties of the beautiful Odontoglossum crispum, showing the remarkable range of variation it presents, and we may commence the present one by bringing together a series of its hybrids, showing how remarkably diverse some of them are which, of course, arises from the great diversity between

We

commenced

the illustrations

in

our

last

the species with which

it

will hybridise.

Five of those represented are

it

natural hybrids, and two have been raised artificially, and

is

interesting
It is

to trace the influence of the O. crispum parent in the different forms.

needless to say that the series

is

not complete, but in any case

it

is

a very

remarkable one, which

and beauty it would be difficult to match in any other group. O. crispum seems to hybridise with remarkable facility in a wild state, as hybrids occur between it and almost every other Odontoglossum with which it grows, and it is extremely probable that secondary hybrids also occur, though such plants are exceedingly difficult to recognise unless their history is known. There has, however, for a long
for interest

period

been reason to

suspect that

some
it

of

the so-called

" blotched
light

crispums " have such an origin, and

will

is

to be

hoped that further

soon be thrown on the origin of these very puzzling plants.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

I'M

9
series,

wis the
().

first

of

the

and

appeared

tation of

crispum made by Messrs.

near

Hugh Low

7.

It

passed into the collection of the late James

nlow Hank,
er.

Glasgow, and was named in Mr. James Anderson. Its hybrid origin was

recognised from the outset, though at

first

there

was a

slight

doubt about
hybrid,

the second parent, which, however, was soon recognised to be O. gloriosum.

It is

now known

to be a very

common and remarkably polymorphic

and one which has received a host of names.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Tbei

[Jan

gaerdeanum (fig. i) was introduced by Mr. A. Bogaerde, of Birmingham, in 1895, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. in May, 1897, when exhibited by De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield,
Sevenoaks.

O.

X Denison.e

appeared

in the collection of

1872, and
in

was awarded a

First-class Certificate

Lord Londesborough, in by the R.H.S. It appeared

an importation of O. crispum made three years before by Messrs.

at first

Backhouse, of York, and was

thought to be a white variety of O.

it

combined the characters of O. luteopurpureum and O. crispum, between which he

regarded
it

luteopurpureum, but afterwards Mr. Denning pointed out that

as a hybrid.

In 1880 a

much

darker form, with yellow ground,

appeared

in

the collection of M. Massange de Louvrex, of Baillonville,

Belgium, and was named O.

its

hybrid origin

M. Mass ange's gardener, and parentage being pointed ou by Reichenb ach. The
aftei

X Wilckeanum,

parentage has since been confirmed, the plant havi ig been raised
in the collection of

artificially
-illiers,

Baron

Edmond

de Rothschi
fori
s

by

M. Leroy.

It is

very variable, and includes

with both white and

spotting.

yellow grounds, with a wide range of variation

in tr

jamoun tofth e

The

variety

Chestk rtoni

(fig. 2) is

a remarka
It

at first recognised as a

form of

this hybrid.

tion of O. crispum, sent to Messrs.

Chesterton, and received

Sons by the late Mr. a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. in

James Veitch

&

March, 1876, as O. Chestertoni.

It

afterwards passed into the collection of

JANU

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Baron Schroder, and has been ranked as a variety of O. crispum. The flower here figured is from the type plant. It has creamy white flowers,
heavily blotched with dark

brown on the sepals and

lip,

while the petals are

nearly unspotted, thus affording a very effective contrast.

Denison.e Golden Queen (fig. 3) contrasts very strongly with the preceding variety, and indeed was at first regarded as a variety of
O.

O. crispum.
Grange,

It

appeared

in the collection of

W. Thompson,

Esq.,

Walton

and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. in November, 1896, under the name of O. crispum Golden Queen, and a Firstclass Certificate in May, iooi, under the name now adopted. The colour
Stone,

Fig.
is

3.

O.

x Denison.e Golden Queen.

The
origin of this plant has

bright golden yellow, with red-brown spots.

been the subject of some discussion, which may be found at pages 73 to 75 of our fifth volume, the question being whether it is a variety of O. crispum, a form of O.
it

Denisonse, or even a secondary hybrid between the two.

is

That
yellow

is

a hybrid

now

generally

admitted

as

also

the

so-called

varieties of

O. crispum

but the exact origin can scarcely

it

be considered as

beyond dispute.
characters are

In shape and the details of the crest

most approaches
in

O. crispum, but hybrids which

most

resemble

one parent

certain

common.

We
it

ma}- soon have hybrids

between

the

two

plants in question with which

can be compared.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

O.

[JANUA

James Veitch & Sons, at Chelsea, in 1872, out of an importation of O. crispum, and was named after one of the collectors who sent it home. Reichenbach suggested that it might be a hybrid between O. triumphans and some species of the odoratum group. It was, however, afterwards recognised as a hybrid between O. crispum and O. Lindleyanum. It is a fairly common hybrid, though less variable than the two preceding. It would be interesting, now that the difficulty of raising seedling Odontoglossums has been so largely overcome, to have the parentage confirmed by actual experiment, and there should be little difficulty about the matter if the
flowered
in

X Coradinei

the establishment of Messrs.

Fig.

4.

O.

x Coradinei

mirabile.

species in question were crossed together.

similar remark applies to

Andersonianum, and to O. X Adrianae, figured on the next page. The variety mirabile (fig. 4 is a very remarkable form which appeared in the collection of Baron Schroder, The Dell, Staines, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. in June, 1894, under the name of O. crispum mirabile, and a First-class Certificate in May, 1897, under the
O.
1

present name,
It is

hybrid origin in the meantime having been pointed out. the finest form of this hybrid which has yet appeared, and the figure
its

here given was taken from a flower of the type plant.

r0O4]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

i

ared X Adrians first appeared in April, 1897, m tne establishment of Messrs. L. Linden & Co., at Moortebeek, and was at once recognised as a

O.

hybrid between O. crispum and O. Hunnewellianum.

First-class

It

then received a

Diploma of Honour from the Orchidienne of Brussels. It is now known that it came out of an importation of O. crispum from a new locality, where the two species mentioned grow intermixed, and since that time many other plants have appeared in the same way, and it has proved to be common and remarkably variable in colour and markings. As in other hybrids between O. crispum and another yellow-flowered species, there are hybrids both with white and yellow ground colour, and the amount of spotting varies greatly, some forms being very densely and others very

sparingly spotted.
details of

[n

every cas e, however, the charac

stic

shape and

O. Hunne wellianum can be very readily trac ;ed. It is cui nsidering how that the hybrid should have rema .ined so long unknown diligently 0. crispum has been se; irched for.

The

variety Victoria- Regin^

(fig.

5)

is

a very he;

blotched and

Baron Schroder, The Dell, Sta: April, 1902, which leceived a Fi rst-class Cer tificate from the R.H. S. under the name of O X Adrians memoria Victoria- Reg ;ina. It is on,e of the handsomest varie ties known, and our figi ire was take n from a flower of

handsome form from the

collectio n of

11

the type plant.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

X armainvillierense gardener to Baron Edmond
O.
is

JA

I.J04-

an

artificial

hybrid raised by M. Jacob,

near
Paris,
It

de Rothschild. Armainvilliers,

according to the record, from O. Pescatorei crossed with O. crispum.

flowered in December, 1898, and received a First-class Certificate of Merit

from the Societe Nationale

d' Horticulture

de France.
spots.

It

was described
not seen

as
it.

a superb form, perfect in shape, with

some dark

We have

The

variety

ARDENTISSIMUM

(fig.

6)

is

superb

form

raised

by

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, from O. Pescatorei 2 and O. crispum Franz Masereel S It flowered in May, 1902, and was exhibited at the Temple Show, under the name of O. X ardentissimum, when it received a First-class Certificate. The ground colour is white, and the markings
.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

claret-coloured.

15

Three other handsou

spotted forms derived from the

same
O.

cross received

Awards

of Merit at the

same time, u under the names

1

of

X concinnum, O. X dulce, and O. X venific that at the Temple Show last year three other
received

forms of the same cross

Certificate.

and one other a First-class seedlings from the same cross were quite unspotted.
of Merit,

Awards

Other

Esq.,

Walton Grange, Stone, by Mr. Stevens, from (). crispum Kegeljani (polyxanthum) <? and flowered in January, 1903, when
,

2
it

and 0.
received

First-class Certificate from the

K.H.S.

The

first

seedling flowered

when

Fig.
slightly

7.

O
and one or two others have
is

under three years

old,

since arrived at

the flowering stage.

The

flower

of a beautiful soft canary-yellow, with a

It

single red-brown blotch on the

lip.

promises to be a great horticultural

of O. crispum, namely,

acquisition

when

the plants

There are
O.

at least

become stronger. two other handsome hybrids

crispo-Hallii, raised in the collection of

Norman

C. Cookson, Esq.,

and flowered for the first time in November, 1896, and O. X crispoHarryanum, raised by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, and first flowered in May, 1898, and each of them gained a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[January, 1904

THE GERMINATION OF ORCHIDS.

M. Noel Bernard has been studying the germination of species o Cattleya and Lselia, and communicates the results of his work to a recent number of the Comptes Rendus of the French Academy of Science Seeds of Cattleya and Laelia and their (vol. cxxxvii. pp. 484-485).
hybrids germinate very freely under glass, and
are

usually

sown

in

damp

sawdust.

After about

a fortnight,

the

embryos

produce

small

"spherules" or globular bodies, which are conspicuous by their green colour. They remain for some time at this stage, and sometimes do not
develop further, the seeds sooner or
parasitic
later

dying from the

attack a

of a

mould.

Under favourable

conditions, however, after

varying

period,

which may be as much as one or two months, growth commences and proceeds steadily forwards. Germination is always slow and irregular often after four or five months the most advanced plants are not
;

more than five millimetres high. These little plants are then top-shaped,, widened at the apex, where the terminal bud is formed. They are always more or less covered at their basal point, to which the suspensor is attached, by a filamentous endophytic fungus. M. Bernard's experiments have shown
that the penetration of this fungus
tion of Orchid seeds, a point
is

an essential condition

in

the germina-

which had been previously suggested, but the

had not hitherto been obtained. Hybrid seeds from M. Magne, obtained by intercrossing Cattleya Mossia; and Laslia purpurata, were used, and details of the cultural methods
proofs
offered

now

employed are given.

sterilised

M. Bernard found

that

if

the seeds were completely

in the

germination never progressed beyond a certain stage, but

in

presence of the particular fungus the seedlings developed

the usual way.

He was

also able to cultivate this fungus

sterilised

on a nutrient medium separately,

and when

germinating seeds were removed to a pure culture of

this fungus the

mycelium rapidly penetrated the suspensor of the seedling, and invaded the cells adjacent to the embryo, after which the seedlings developed in the usual way. Parasitic fungi and bacteria, on the contrary,
rapidly destroyed the embryos.
If the
s

proper fungus

is
>

present germination
ce ases

succeeds, but

if

its

presence

pre\ ented the

embry
th

to
>r<

c
1

beyond a

certain stage.

M. Bernard conch des that

it
t

en bryo

id will

nomor

develop into a perfect Plant witho

its

he
it

assi tanc e

of the fungus
1.

than an egg can go through

germins tion
of

evolu ion
"

th
'

beiii g fe tills.

may

be rem umbered that a simila

seedling oaks
is

s >' r ibosis

h
pi;

is

been po

ited

out in the
Of the

and other

nts.

The
ha\

iden ity

particul ar fungus
later or

at present

ert in, bi

th s point will

be

ives i^ated

,and

it

will be

extrei lely

ing to

eth e point

leared

January, 1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Paphiopedilum X Queen of Italy.

17

The annexed
Messrs.

illustration represents a very beautiful hybrid raised

by
at

Charlesworth

&

Co.,

Heaton,

Bradford,

from
It

Paphiopedilum

insigne Sanderse and P.

Godeiroyae

leucochilum.
last,

was exhibited

the R.H.S. meeting on

November 24th
volume.
P.
It
is

under the name of Cypriof Merit, as recorded

in

pedium X Queen
at

of Italy,
last

and received an Award

fairly

page j66 of our

intermediate

character,

having a dwarfer scape than

insigne

Sanders,

and

broader petals,

Queen of
which,
light
like

Italy.
spotted

the

dorsal

sepal,

are

light

primrose yellow,

with
of

brown, as shown in the

character
of

illustration.
It
is

The
a

foliage

also

partakes
of

the

both

parents.

charming

variety,

good

and its delicate colouring gives it a very distinct appearance. The light ground colour reflects the character of both parents, and the increased amount of spotting is, of course, due to the influence of P.
constitution,

Godefroyse leucochilum.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

SOCIETIES.

[January, 1904.

The

last

meeting of the year was held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham

Gate, Westminster, on

December

15th,

when

the display of Orchids

was

probably the finest seen at the Drill Hall during the year, the Cypripedes
bring especially
fine.

No

less

than ten medals of different kinds were

awarded for groups. Baron Sir H. Schroder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a magnificent group, containing Cypripedium

X Leeanum Masereelianum, with twenty-four flowers C. X Fitcherianum, with eighteen flowers C. X Mrs. Chas. Canham, with thirty-five flowers the handsome C X dellense (X Lathamianurn X insigne Sanierianum),
;
:

C. insigne undulatum, with undulate margins to the petals and

sepal; C.
i.

dorsal

Sandene, with eight flowers

Odontoglossum X Humeanum,
and Oncidium ornithorhynchum
First-class Certificate of the

well-flowered plant of Lycaste

Balliae,

album, with seven branched spikes.

The only

meeting went to Odontoglossum X

Vuylstekei vivicans, a very beautiful

hybrid, having perfectly-shaped flowers, the sepals and petals broad, and
heavily blotched with dark purple-red on a yellow ground, and the
paler,
lip

and bearing a large red-brown blotch

in the centre,

with a few smaller

ones on each side.

An Award
Esq.,

of

Merit

was given

to

Cypripedium
gr.

X
J.

Leeanum Clinkaberryanum, an
N.
C.

exceptionally fine form.

(

Cookson,

Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne

Mr.

II.

Chapman), staged an exceptionally fine group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was deservedly awarded. It contained many fine blotched forms of Odontoglossum crispum, including O. c. Peetersii, O. c. Cooksonianum, O. Pescatorei Lindeni, Cypripedium X Arcturus, C. X Baron Schrceder, C. X Norma, C. X Youngiano-superbiens, C. X Juno, C. X Niobe

Commendation), and other plants. Awards of Merit were given to Cypripedium X Leeanum Clinkaberryanum, C. insigne Sandera; Oakwood seedling, and Odontoglossum crispum Maria;. The second is a very beautiful
var., C. insigne

Oakwood

Sandera; with ten flowers (Cultural

raised in the collection from

C. insigne Sandera;,

self-fei
is

ilised,

an<

come

practically true from seed,

though the dorsal sepal

rather bn ader,
is

and other

slight differences are observable.

at

The Odontog ossum

ts,

fine

white form, tinged with purple

blotched with reddish brown.

the back of the segme

and pr ettily

G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the- Water (gr. Mr. Page), sta red a splendid group, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It contained 1 fine collection of Cypripediums of the best quality, well-grow n and flovs ered,

////:

ORCHID REVIEW.

eri; v

insigne

x Leeam
Bury (gr. Mr. Rogers), secured a sly good collection of Cypripedes, the cut being represented. Among the best were of C. insigne, the fine C. i. Berryanum, with
Hall,
:

nai ned bfin: - inc duded.

o. 0. Writ;lcy. Esq., Bri<

Flora Medal for an extr

flowers of nearly

ioo varieties

twelve distinct yellow varieties

a few large dark blotches on the dorsal sepal

C.

i.

Wrigley's variety, C.

i.

macranthum, C.
Curtisio-ciliolare,

triumphans,

and others.

X Eurvades Wrigleyanum, C. x An Award of Merit was given to the fine

C.
is

Cypripedium
page, while

X Leeanum
a
similar

Clinkaberryanum, which

noted on another

award was made in the case of C. X nitens Wrigleyanum, a large and handsome variety. W. E. Budgett, Esc]., Henburv, Bristol, showed a fine group of Cypripediums, containing 190 well-grown plants. The whole of the plants were cultivated by Mr. Budgett himself without the aid of a gardener.

Medal was deservedly awarded. H. Whateley, Esq., Spring Gardens. Kenilw.ath, staged a good group of varieties of Cypripedium X Leeanum, Zygopetalum Mackayi, OdontoSilver Flora

glossum crispum, ecc.

a Silver

P>anksian Medal being awarded.

W.

M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-Mare, showed Cypripedium X

Hardy (Charlesworthii X Spicerianum), and Cypripedium X Dowlingianum Appleton's var. (GodeElsie (Boxallii

Charlesworthii), C.

Fred.

froyae leucochilum

insigne punctatum

violaeeum), the latter having a

very handsome flower, cream-coloured spotted with purple.

Lt.-Col. H. C. Batten, Abbot's Leigh, Bristol, exhibited Cypripedium

Mrs.

Cary Batten, the flower being

T. Bennett-Poe,
Esq.,

large,

and the yellow dorsal sepal

marked with purple;

J.

also a hybrid between C.

nitens and C.
Igr.

Sallieri.

Holmewood, Cheshunt

Mr.

Downes),

showed Cymbidium X Tracvano-giganteum. Captain G. L. Holford, Westonbirt, .gr. Mr. Alexander), showed Cypripedium X Charlesianum superbum, C. X Euryades superbum, C. X E. marginatum, C. X E. aureum, C. X E. Westonbirt variety, and the

handsome

Lselio-cattleya

X Ophir

superba (L. xanthina

lip.

C. aurea),

having the flowers deep yellow, tinged with rose on the

F. A. Render,

Esq.,

The Avenue, Gipsy

Hill

(gr.

Mr. Norris), sent

Cypripedium X Tia (exul X Ianthe superbum).

Messrs.
J.

Veitch

&

Sons, Chelsea, staged a fine group of hybrids, to

which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded.

L.

The

best were Ladia

X Hon. Mrs. Astor, L.-c. L.-c. X Coronis, L.-c. X Eunomia, L.-c. X Bryan, L.-c. X Cappei, L.-c. X Wellsiana, L.-c. X Epicasta, L.-c. X Semiramis,and L.-c. X luminosa. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, gained a Silver Flora Med
X
Mrs. M.Gratrix, Laelio-cattleya

X Icarus, X Terentia,

20
excellent

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

group,

[January, 1904.

containing

Cymbidium Tracyanum, Cypripedium

i.

Euryades, C.

X Leeanum

magnificum, C. insigne Statterianum, C.

sepal,

Monk's

Cowl, with a concave dorsal

C.

i.

Mrs. F.

W.

Moore, a yellow
i.

variety with a few pale purple blotches on the dorsal sepal, C.

Dormanifor

anum, and Odontoglossum crispum. Mr. J. Cypher, Cheltenham, gained a

small group of Cypripediums, containing C.
C.

[Silver

Banksian Medal

Charlesianum

(C.

X Leeanum

var.

X Leeanum giganteum, the fine X Sallieri Hyeanum), the handX

Godefroyae leucochilum)^.

some C. X Queen and others.

Messrs. B. S.

of Italy (insigne Sanderse

Williams

&

Son, Upper

Hollo-way, exhibited a good

group, for which a Silver Banksian Medial was

varieties

awarded.

It
i.

contained
violaceo-

of

C.

X Leeanum,
fine

C.

insigne

grandifiorum, C.

punctatum, several
C.

forms of C.

Harrisianum, C.

Pitcherianum Williams' variety, Calanthe

X Williamsianum, X Sandhurstiana, C. X

Oweniana, and Laelio-cattleya X Sallieri. M. Chas. Voylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, exhibited Odontoglossum X loochristiense ornativum, O. X Wilckeanum, O. X ardentissimum radicans,
having large flowers spotted with purple, and the large Miltonia vexillaria

An Award of Merit was given handsome Odontoglossum X Harryano-crispum virens.

robusta autumnalis.
Messrs. Sander

to

the large

and.

&

Sons, St. Albans, showed a group containing Cypri-

pedium X Clio magnificum, C. X Garrett A. Hobart inversum, C. Charlesworthii albino, forms of C. X Leeanum and C. insigne, Laelia anccps
Amesiana, Laelio-cattleya
Adonis, etc.

Helvetia, L.-c.

bletchleyensis, Cattleya

X
of

Twickenham, showed a nearly Cypripedium X Chas. Canham, called variety aureum.

Mr. H.
A.

Tracy,

yellow-

form

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID.

A meeting

of this Society
last,

on December 4th

was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester,, when there was a very good display of Orchids.
(gr.

E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury

Mr. Blomeley), staged a rich group,,

which gained a Silver-gilt Medal. First-class Certificates were given to Cypripedium X Para (Charlesworthii X bellatulum), a beautiful claretcoloured flower, of intermediate shape, and [C- X Queen of Italy (C.
Godefroya; leucochilum
lightly-spotted flower,
(C. Charlesworthii

insigne Sandera;), a very pretty cream-yellow^

and an Award of Merit to C. X Stanley Rogerson

callosum).

Walter Laverton, Esq., Victoria Park, Manchester, staged a very interesting group, consisting chiefly of Cypripediums, which gained a.
Bronze Medal.

January,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

cS:

zx

Messrs. Charlesworth
to

Co., Heaton, Bradford, sent a fine collection,

It

which a Silver Medal was awarded.

consisted largely of

hybrid

Cattleyas and Laelio-cattleyas,

Minucia superba and C.

of Merit.

F.

among which may be mentioned C. X W. Wigan as plants which gaained Awards

Mr. John Robson, Altrincham, received a Bronze Modal for a very pretty group, and an Award of Merit for Ladio-cattleya X Robsoniae (C.

Bowringiana
Messrs.

X Ingramii). John Cowan & Co., Gateacre,

L.-c.
for

received a

Bron Medal

for a

small group, and Awards of Merit

Cypripedium caHosum splendens and

C.

Imperator

(ciliolare

Rothschildianum).

Messrs. A. J. Keeling cV Sons, Westgate Hill, Bradford, staged a small group, to which a Vote of Thanks was awarded. It contained a wry
interesting hybrid from

Messrs. Sander

&

Cypripedium Chamberlainianum X C. Parishii. Sons, St. Albans, also received a Vote of Thanks

for

a small group of Laelio-cattleyas.

Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton, exhibited Cypripedium insigne Sanderianum

and C.

Annie Measures,

in

good condition.
there

At

the meeting held on

December 18th
Haslingden

was again a

fine

display

of Orchids, the majority being Cypripedes.

A.
class

Warburton,
Certificate
for

Esq.,

(gr.

Mr. Bailey), received a First-

Cypripedium

Archimedes, a

handsome hybrid
Hall
var.

said to have been derived

from C. insigne Harefield

C.

W.

E. Budgett, Esq., Bristol, received a Silver Medal for a nice group

of Cypripediums,

and Awards of Merit

(gr.

for C. insigne

giganteum and C. X

Mrs. Cary Batten.

E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury

Mr. Blomely), also obtained a Silver

for

Medal

for a

good group, and an Award of Merit

Cypripedium

bingleyense var. Hilda.

Walter Laverton, Esq., Victoria Park, Manchester, received a Bronze

Medal for a small miscellaneous group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium X Evelyn Ames. R. le Doux, Esq., West Derby, Liverpool, received an Award of Merit for Odontoglossum crispum marlfieldense, in which the petals are lip-like at the base, having a yellow area, on which are some radiating light brown
streaks, like those

on the

lip.

G.
for

W.

Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawstenstall, received an Award of Merit

Cypripedium

rossendalense, a plant of

unknown

parentage.

Messrs. Charlesworth

&

Co., Bradford, staged a very fine group, to

which a

Silver-gilt

Medal was awarded.

Cypripedium

Thalia received

22

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ry ANUARY

1904.

an Award of Merit, and a plant of the beautiful Odontoglossum crispum

xanthotes was also noteworthy.
Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Westgate Hill, Bradford, staged a small group, and received a Vote of Thanks, also an Award of Merit for Cypri-

pedium X Leeanum Reeling's var. Messrs. John Cowan & Co., Gateacre, received an Award of Merit for a fine plant of Cypripedium insigm- MacXabianum. M. D. McLeod, Chorlton, exhibited a small group of hybrid Cypripediums, to which a Vote of Thanks was accorded. Mr. W. Owen, Hartford, also received a Vote of Thanks for a collection
of Cypripedium varieties.

Mr.

J.

Robson, Altrincham, exhibited a few good Cypri pedes.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.
Several
Hon.
J.

beautiful

Orchids are sent from the collection

prsestans), a very dark-lipped form

of the

Right

Chamberlain, M.P., by Mr. Mackay, including Laelia

nigrescens

(tenebrosa

X pumila

Laelio-cattleya

Tresederiana (L. crispa

C. Loddigesii),
in the lip
;

former comes out very strongly

which the character of the L.-c. X Helena (L. cinnabarina

in

C. Schilleriana), with orange-brown sepals and petals, the latter prettily

lobe of the
lip

undulate, and the front

rich

purple-crimson

L.-c.

Gottoiana

and a seedling purchased from Messrs- Keeling.

is

Of the

latter

Cattleya Loddigesii
in the

given as one parent, and

its

characters are well shown

shape and colour of the flower, while the pollinia

it is

show

that the other

parent was a Laelia, but

not quite certain which.

A
L.

tinge of yellow in
lip,

the purple of the segment, with

some purple veining on the

something
laeta

and a

slight undulation of the petals, suggest

like

grandis, but the

point requires to be cleared up.

It is

a pretty

little

hybrid.

The

brilliant little

Sophrolselia

Orpetiana is sent from the

collection of Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury.

The

flower measures

three inches across, and

is

bright carmine-rose in colour,

lip.

with some deep

yellow in the throat of the

flower of the

Cassiope Westonbirt var., which received

handsome Ladio-cattleya an Award of Merit from the

R.H.S. on Xovember 24th, is also sent, and Mr. Alexander remarks that It is large, and of excellent shape and it has been open quite a month. colour, the lip being of the deepest purple, and the deep yellow throat also
lined with purple.

Laelio-cattleya

X Ophir

superba (L.

xanthina

C.

Dowiana aurea) is another most beautiful hybrid from the same collection. The sepals and petals are of the deepest apricot-yellow, and the front of the lip is more or less suffused with rose, while some of the Dowiana veining appears on the side lobes. The flower has been open a month.

January,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

23

fine

form of Lalia autumnalis

L.

sent

from the

collection of

Mrs.

Hollond, Wonhara, Hampton, by Mr. Stacey, together with the very richly
coloured

and a yellow form of Papluopedilum insigm". approaching the variety Sanderianum, but having a narrower .1 us ils.-p il.
Gouldiana,

Three good forms of Odontoglossum crispum

of J.

are sent from the collection

Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate. Two of them are good round forms, bavin- white petals and a few small blotches on the sepals and lip, while the third has particularly broad rounded segments, prettily
tinged with rose, and bearing a single circular brown
blot

eh on four of

tin-

segments, and a few additional spots on the

lip

and one

lateral sepal.

They

are from small plants, and should develop into line things.

Esq., Marlfield,

West Derby, Liverpool, by Mr. Davenport.

is

<

odontoglossum

ciispum marlfieldense

a remarkable variety which received an

1 frith

Award
It

of

Merit from the Manchester Orchid Society on December

last.

may

be described as a white unspotted form, tinged with rose on the sepals, but
the base of each petal
like those
is

yellow, with several light brown radiating lines, just

lip,

on the side lobes of the

but rather longer and paler in colour.

Thus

it

is

a peloriate variety like O.

is

Sunrise, and the peculiarit) seedling

likely to

Lady Jane and O. c. Oaklield be permanent. The other two are

c.

Paphiopedilums whose parentage has unfortunately been

is

lost.

One, however,
villosum,

and

is

several flowers.

Chamberlainianum and P. thus a form of P. Madiotianum. The inflorescence bears The other is a hybrid from P. Spicerianum and some other
evidently derived

from

P.

with tessellated leaves, the mottling being compared with that seen

in P.

Harrisianum.

It

may

indeed be partly derived from the

latter,

and thus a

form of P.

X Savageanum.

The

flower

is

of good size,

and the dorsal sepal

from

white, suffused and lined with green in the lower half, the lines becoming

purple-brown at the base, where also

is

a slight purple suffusion

margin to margin
base to apex.

while a broad purple band extends along the centre from

The scape is two-flowered. Laelia anceps Leemanni is a large and very richly coloured variety from the collection of J. Leemann, Esq., West Bank House, Heaton Mersey. The lip may be described as almost saturated with rich purple, even on the
disc,

so that the usual purple veining

is

largely obliterated.

It

is

very

Mr. Edge also encloses a two-flowered scape of the chaste and beautiful Laelia autumnalis alba, the flower being white throughout except the keels of the lip, which are light yellow.
beautiful.

Paphiopedilum

X Hera Cambridge Lodge

I.

var.

is

a very

beautiful

variety sent from the collection of R.

Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge,

is

Camberwell, by Mr. Smith.

The

dorsal sepal

white, becoming light

vvith

green in the basal fourth, and regularly marked, except at the margin,

24

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[January, 1904.
in places.

round dark purple blotches, which are only slightly confluent

petals, lip,

The

and staminode have very largely retained the villosum character. The petals are rather short and broad, and spread nearly horizontally. Both shape and colour are excellent.

PAPHIOPEDILUMS FROM BURY.

A beautiful
series of

winter-blooming Paphiopedilums was exhibited

at

December 15th last from the collection ot O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, and a fine collection was afterward, forwarded to us by Mr. Rogers. P. insigne is present in force, and includes twenty-seven named varieties, of which no less than eleven are yellow. Most of them have already been described in these pages, and it is They differ surprising to find so much variation among yellow forms. however, in the breadth of the dorsal sepal, and in the distinctness and amount of the spotting, and in some other details, the original Sanderae
the R.H.S. meeting on

being

still

the best of a

beautiful series.

Similar differences are found

between the sixteen spotted forms, the beautiful Harefield Hall variety There is a remarkable range of being much the finest of the series.

number and magnitude of the spots, in some cases being about four times as numerous and only a quarter as large as in others, with a further variation in the relative size of the green and white areas, the spots becoming purple as soon as they extend into the white upper part. The hybrids are a fine series, and include P. X Arthurianum, P. X nitens Wrigleyanum, P. X Sallieri Hyeanum, P. X aureum Marion, having the light brown spots partially confluent in lines, and P. X Leeanum magnificum and Clinkaberryanum. The latter is an enormous flower, with
variation in size,

and

in the

the

dorsal sepal

only
spots, P.

line

under three

inches broad, and

It

bearing

numerous small

and the

petals an inch across.

its

received an
P.

Award

of Merit.

Tityus and

variety

superbum, with
P.

Pollettianum superbum, are richly coloured forms of great beauty, having

the dorsal sepal finely spotted, while in the

handsome
petals.

X Swinburnei
It
is

magnificum

the. spots are

most conspicuous on the

P.

Lastly must be
a

mentioned a
of

two-flowered scape of

Schillianum.

very

beautiful series,

and the splendid development of the flowers shows evidence These plants are invaluable for winter blooming. excellent culture.
In connection with the yellow forms of P. insigne mentioned above
it

may

be interesting to reproduce the group of six varieties

exhibited

at

the Horticultural Hall, Boston, in January, 1900, by John

E. Rothwell,
in the

Esq., Brookline, Mass., to which the Silver Medal of the Massachusetts

Horticultural Society was awarded.

The

variety

Laura Kimball,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

hand corner, and Sar and'the rest one, and they may underneath. They differ chieti
left

upper

eco-nised bv

thi

26

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[January, 1904.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JANUARY.

By JOHN JVUckay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham.

With

the advent of a

New
little

Year commences another cycle of hopes and

less

aspirations for the

more or

ardent Orchid

grower,

and

as

without

hope one would make

or no progress, without effort our hopes and

doomed to disappointment, therefore it is necessary to know how and when to make an effort, and direct our capabilities into the right quarter. The monthly Calendar of Operations is
anticipations would, so to speak, be

given with this object in view, that those having less experience in the
practice of Orchid growing

may

glean something from those more fortunate,

and

at

the same time

it

enables us to record our

own

experiences, so that

who may have had a greater and longer experience in Orchid cultivation may find something which may add to their already extended mine of information. We will take it for granted that we all know someeven those
thing of our subject,

and therefore dispense with otherwise necessary

explanations of terms used in our profession.

will

To understand each
in

other

it

be better perhaps to describe the various departments

a general

collection of Orchids, so that

when

referred to in future issues, under their

proper headings, we shall be understood, and also that anyone having the
slightest pretension to be

an Orchid amateur may know what he can grow

at his disposal.
first,

with the accommodation

It will

be proper at this season to take the Cool department

in

which

are

grown
for these

such

well-known kinds as Odontoglossum crispum,.

O. Pescatorei, O. Rossii, Disas, Masdevallias, and a great

many
air

others.

The houses

should be so built that an abundance of

can be

given, both top

and bottom.

The temperature

of this department should

figure during the

vary from 50

to 6o, taking the former for the central

winter months, say from the end of October to the beginning of April, when,,

during most of the time,

it is

necessary to use fire-heat.

For the remainder

more the central point, and all efforts should tend to keep the temperature below or somewhat near that point, by judicious damping, airing, and shading and, oftentimes, by these means, in
of the year the latter figure will be
;

the hottest weather, the internal temperature can be kept considerably below
that of the outside.

We

now

take the other extreme, namely,

the East Indian department,

and here it is not so much a difficulty of keeping it cool, but warm enough, and consequently fire-heat plays a great part almost the whole year round. Night 6o, or a trifle above, according to The temperature now should be and more if induced by sun-heat. outside conditions and day 65 Between the two extremes we have the Cattleya house and Intermediate
:

department.

The

first

describes itself by the name, and

is

so called because

The

Intermediate

house

is

one having a temperature inteimcc

is

between the Cattleya house and the Cool one. and

requirements of the grower
degrees of

better suited to

when

divided into two divisions, where var

prevail suitable to the inhabitant.is

warmth and moisture may

establishments there

Then
which
is

in large

whit

is

known
it

as a

Mexican

Ik

chiefly devoted to

Mexican Ladias, and others, Mich

is

as L. anc
1

L. autumnalis. L. grandiflora (majalis), &c, and

wise plan to

such a house, as these plants are great lovers of sunlight, but

separate house
is

whet

not provided they can generally be

found a place

themselves

in

the Cattleya house.

Having noted the various departments, it will be wise to take a gl; through them, noting what is in bloom and the condition required by the general occupants. In the Cool house we first note that Odontoglossum crispum, Pescatorei, constrictum, Sanderianum, and others of this section, have various members
;

of their respective species in bloom, whilst others are in

latter will require to be kept moister at the

full

growth.

The

root than those in bloom, or

amount of moisture be present in the air none of the plants should be given water enough to keep the compost in a sodden condition. In flower we have O. Rossii and O. Cervantesii hanging overhead, and although these appreciate moisture, they should not be dipped immediately the material shows signs of becoming dry. Epidendrum vitellinum is also in this house, and gives a brilliant effect when in
nearly so, but providing the proper

bloom.

The

plants are

now

at

rest,

and should only have water given

yellow and
fall off.

them

at long intervals, otherwise the leaves will turn

Ada

aurantiaca,
;

though of a

different character,
in full

produces flowers of a

similar hue

the plants are

now

growth, and therefore should have

Oncidiums are also represented here, such as O. O. varicosum, now at rest, and hence to be kept on the dry side Marshallianum, just commencing to grow, and thus requiring more water, though, as a rule, this plant produces more roots when kept slightly on the dry side at this season. O. incurvum succeeds when given the same treatplenty of water at the root.
;

ment

as Odontoglossums.

In the case of O. olivaceum,

now pushing up

its

spikes from the perfectly

plant, or the spikes

made growths, guard

off.

against over-watering the

may damp
I

Masdevallias are,

regret to say, not so popular as formerly.

They

require to have a few degrees

more warmth

at this season

than that given

28
for the above.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

This

[January, 1904.
at the

may be done by keeping them

warmest end
all

of

the house, or in a compartment by themselves.

They should

be kept

more

harm is done by keeping these plants in too moist a condition during winter. With the Masdevallias may be grown Cymbidium eburneum, elegans, Mastersii, and Devonianum, all of which
or less on the dry side, as
latter,

which should be given a hanging position. These are potted in a mixture of loam and peat, and in consequence do not dry up so quickly, so that, with a good watering now and again, they will go a long time without injury. It is not possible to deal with all the different Orchids in the Cool
thrive in a moist corner, excepting the

houses, so that

we

will pass

on to the Intermediate department, where we

its

find the Lycastes

genus which ought to be more largely cultivated.

flower spikes, yet
in

L. Skinneri

is

now pushing up
;

should

still

be kept

moderately dry

also L. plana,

now

bloom.

The deciduous

kinds, such

as L. aromatica, consobrina, cochleata,

&c, and

the strong growing kinds,

L. lanipes, Barringtoniae, and mesochlsena, must be kept dry, except

shrivelling
is

when

apparent, then a

little

water should be given.

The same

remarks

will

apply to Anguloas.
if

Sobralias should never be kept dry for

is

long at a time, and

the drainage

good water may be applied when the

is

surface becomes dry.

Miltonia vexillaria at this period

an intermediate subject, and being

now

in

full

growth, requires very careful management, fluctuations of

temperature, an over-saturated atmosphere, and insufficient ventilation,

being the chief things to guard against.

frequently, as

The

plants should be looked over

the edges of the inner young leaves adhere to each other,

stick, or the thin
is

and may be released with a pointed

luiife

part of a buddingif

handle.

sharp look-out for thrips

necessary, and

suspicious of

their presence fumigate slightly with

XL

All,

and sponge the leaves with

Odontoglossum citrosmum,

clean tepid water to remove dust and dirt.

Another beautiful intermediate Orchid

is

which should be grown in baskets or pans, suspended from the roof. Having finished growing, as far as last season's growth is concerned, keep them dry, to induce the formation of flower spikes in the succeeding
growths that are just beginning to show themselves.
suffer,

even

if

the pseudobulbs shrivel, as

The plants will not they soon plump up again when

given a good watering, and this

flower spikes.

may

be done on the appearance of the

In the Cattleya house with few exceptions the occupants are at

the exception being C. intermedia, which
is

rest,

now

sending up

its

slender

These two should be given a light and warm position. All should be watered sparingly and carefully, only giving sufficient to prevent unnatural shrivelling. C. Trianae and its
growths.
is

C. Warneri

also pushing forward.

January, 1904.]
varieties,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

29.

and C. Percivaliana, should be kept more moist now they are pushing up their flower buds, but as soon as the flowers are open give little
or no water until later in the year.

Lslia anceps and varieties of L. autumnalis being

longer
if

in flower,

will last

the air around

required.

L. crispa
side.

is

them be kept moderately dry, little water being, now making new growths, but should still be kept
all

on the dry
yet,

Plenty of L. purpurata have not

finished

growing

and
the

will take

no harm by giving them more moisture

production.

at the root.
is

Coelogyne cristata does best at the coolest end of the house, and
in

now
is

interesting condition of flower

Considerable care

necessary

when watering not

to the

to

wet the bract enclosing the buds, or they

or East Indian house, where

may

turn black and decay.

We
many

now come

Warm

subjects that only a very

few can be mentioned now.

little

we have so The Yamlas

Aerides and such like plants require

moisture other than that afforded

the receptacles than

by damping down,
water as they are

for

it is

preferable to

damp between

some instances sending out their flower spikes. Phalaenopsis, which require the heat and other conditions of this house, are really better managed when occupying a house to them,, selves, they are now making a fine display, such species as P. amabilis, grandiflora, Schilleriana, Stuartiana, and the natural hybrids leucorrhoda' and casta are at 'their best. A genial moist atmosphere must be maintained as much less water need be given to the plant direct when it is present in It is remarkable how dry some of these plants may be kept withthe air. out injury, the roots keeping much longer when treated so. The beautiful Eulophiella Elizabethan has nearly completed growth, and if kept rather
rooting,

now

and

in

drier at the root

now,

will help the plant to

send up

its

flower spikes.

Keep the
possible, keep

temperature

generally

as

near the required standard as

up the

requisite degree of humidity,

and the

air

pure and

sweet

if

possible, with careful ventilation, and, as previously advised, keep,

side,

most of the plants on the dry this month.

and

little

harm

will reach

them during

HABENARIA CARNEA.
With
respect to the beautiful specimen of Habenaria carnea figured as the
frontispiece to our last volume,

we omitted

to

state

that the

excellent
J.

photograph was taken by Mr.

Esq.

J.

E. Edwards, secretary to H.

Elwes,
the

As

to

the

method of culture adopted, we have received

note from Mr. Walters : following interesting " The culture practised here differs but little from that followed at

Kew

3o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[January, 1904.

and elsewhere, success or failure wholly depending on careful potting and As soon as the plants are at rest, they should be re-potted,, watering. care being taken in turning them out, as the majority of the new tubers will be found among the drainage of the pan. Pot in a good porous compost of peat, loam, and sphagnum, adding finely-broken crocks and sand in quantity. Place them in a rather shady corner of the Warm house, where they will be
free

from drip and the syringe, as water,

foliage.

if

allowed to lodge on the plants,

soon disfigures the beautiful

is

The

rate at

which

this species increases

somewhat remarkable, for the plant figured had five tubers when potted in December, 190J, but when re-potted in December, 1903, it had nineteen
Colesborne Park, Cheltenham.

tubers."

W.

H. Walters.

Neomoorea irrorata.
Moorea

It

would appear

that

the

remarkable

Orchid,

irrorata, requires to be

renamed, the generic name Moorea being

preoccupied, having been applied to the well-known

ago as 1855
h., p- 399)-

a fact which has been overlooked until

Pampas Grass recently. The

as long

history
1903,

of the question has recently been given by Dr. Stapf (Card. Chron.,

The Pampas
ii.,

Grass, with three other species, has recently been

separated from Gynerium, under the

Chron., 1897,
p. 357),

name

of Cortaderia (Stapf in

Gard.

but Moorea was applied to the plant over forty

is

years earlier, and therefore

not available for the Orchid genus, which

may
work

be
t.

amended

to

Neomoorea.

Neomoorea
its

irrorata, Rolfe,

is

well figured at
in this

7262 of the Botanical Magazine, and

(vol. ix., p. 158).
It is

history

was given

some time ago

a very striking plant, and at present

THE HYBRIDIST.
L.elio-cattleya
15th,

Lydia. A very

pretty novelty

was

exhibited

by

Messrs. Charlesworth

&

Co. at the Drill Hall, Westminster, on December

under the above name, of which flowers are now sent. It was raised from Lselia Cowanii ? and Cattleya Gaskelliana alba $ and has flowers
,

fairly

intermediate in shape, and

.of

a pleasing bright canary yellow colour

lip is of a

throughout, except that the disc of the

sepals

deeper yellow shade.

latter \ in.

The
side

and

petals are at present

two inches long, and the

across.

The

lip is

three-lobed, with the front lobe prettily undulate,

and the

lobes

when spread

out

extend to ii inches broad.

It is

an interesting

addition

to the group,

and should develop into a striking thing when the

plant becomes strong.

An important Horticultural
10th to J5th next, hcin- the

l.xlin

>it

i<n

will

!><

Ii

first

of

its

kind which

The

exhibition will be held in the Pare du Valentin

the King,

and

will

comprise 2N9 classes

for

pla

horticultural accessories generally.

good plant of Paphiopedilum Charle

twin-flowered scape, as the species
:

Three

beautiful

Paphiopedilums

are

sent

from

the

collection

of

Leeman, Esq., Heaton Mersey. P. X Calypso Froebelii is of excellent J. P. X Kvelyn Ames shape, and has a very richly coloured dorsal sepal. has far more of the P. Boxallii character than the preceding, especially in the shape of the flower, and yet. according to the fee rds. it is a hybrid between P. X Calypso and P. X Leeanum. The ovary, however, is not
villose.

The

third
P.

is

supposed to have been derived from

P.

x Leeanum
in

giganteum
over,

Bruno, and much resembles the former

is

general
all

character, but the dorsal sepal

closely dotted with light purple

nearly

and very

effective.

A very pretty hybrid is sent from Wonham, Bampton, which we take to

It

the collection of

Mrs.

Hollond,

be

form of P.

X Leeanum.
is

has the general character of the

latter,

and the dorsal sepal

years ago.

very
is

prettily blotched with purple, except for the pure white margin,

which

half-an-inch broad.

The

seed was sown

five

;d-Book.

We

have to thank several correspondents

especting this work (see p. 353 of our last issue* and

/

that further details will be given next month.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[January, 1904.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Cattleya guttata Cattleya labiata.
Amer. Gard., 1903,

Amer. Card., 1903, Gard.

with
fig.

Prin.zii.

Jouvn. Horl.,
p.

1903,

ii,

p.
fig.

599, with

fig.

655, with

Var. alba

ii,

p. 655,

Mag., 1903, p. 823, with fig. Coryanthes CYPRIPEDIUM X A.RTHURIANUM PULCHELLUM.JoUtn. Hort.,
speciosa.
574, 575, with PPfig.

1903,

Chron., 1903,

ii,

p. 405, fig. 161,

with suppl. tab.

Cypripedium insigne Harefield Hall var.

431, with
fig.

Garden,
ii,

1903,

ii,

p.

Cypripedium x Ville de Paris. L.elia anceps Oweniana.Joum.

fig-

Gard. Mag.,
Hort., 1903,
ii,

1903, p. 839, with

fig.

pp. 530, 531, with

L.elia

X Helex. Gard.

Chron., 1903,

p. 417, fig. 165.

ii,

L.elio-cattleya
fig-

X Decia.Joum.

Hort., 1903,

pp. 552, 553, with

PHAIO-CYMBIDIUM
With
fig.

X QHARDWARENSE.Joum.

Hort.,

1903,

p.

507,

Phal.enopsis MARim.Journ. Hort., 1903, ii, p. 599, with Restrepia ANTENNIFERA, H. B. et. K. Bot. Mag., t. 7930.

fig.

Vanda insignis, Blume. Wien III. Cart. Zeit., 1903, Vanda X Marguerite Maron. Rev. Hort., 1903,

p.
p.

433,

t.

1.

574, with

tab.,,

fig.

1.

Vanda suavis. Vanda teres.

Rev. Hort., 1903, Rev. Hort., 1903,

p. 574,

with

tab., fig. 3.
fig.

p.

574, with tab.,

2.

CORRESPONDENCE.
cafeZ7fTvarZus

w^lZ^^'ha"?/"I fr
t

'/-,''
-

T Zae

n",

" ""i

/ '^"'

"'"'

'

H.G.A.
I.B.,

Maxillaria ochrolenca.
f.,

Zurich. Liparis grossa, Rchb.

a native of Burma.

F.M.B. Epidendrum ciliare. W.M.A. The large caterpillar

anything we have seen before.

feeding

within

tinit

We

imported Cattleya bulb

is

will try to get

identified.

G.G.T. The

small centipede

may have been

in the

compost of the Ccelogyne

1

c
\

snfftcient

proof that

it

MURRAY S PATENT
ORCHID STAND.

H.

A.

BURBERRY

system of personally Giving Advice and Demonstrating Methods

of Orchid Cultivation insures suc-

he
If

will
in

be

glad
vie

when

the

you want

to

grow Orchids

perfection

and

for profit

"Try a few on Stands.

Pronounced by most leading Orchid Growers
perfection.
of
to
th
b

attends Orchid Sales, md will be pleased to receive commissions to buy for those who cannot
ittend.

H. A. B.

MILLIONS SOLD
Patented by William Murray, Cookson, Esq. Grower to N.
late
:

SANDER'S
Orcnid
with

now

ORCHID GUIDE
ORCHIDS
IN

CULTIVATION.

Price List containing

reliable, instructive

&

useful,

ORCHIDS.
HOUSES,

ORCHIDS.

is

respectful

strongly bound.
Cendrobiums,
J

Cypripediums,

A.J.

KEELING & SONS,

*
importers,

rcbio rowers

THE GRANGE NURSERIES,

Westgate
Hill,

SANDER & SONS,

ST.

Bradford, Yorks.

ALBANS.

ORCHIDS.
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HOOLEY

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Orchids ! Orchids ! JOHN COWAN & COHAVE AN IMMENSE STOCK OF ORCHIDS

Tens of Thousands of
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VIGOROUS,

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NOTICE TO READERS OF

ORCHID REVIEW
ce of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared
r,

in

our December issue.

This work has been

figures,

and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and and will be published as soon as possible.

and

other

intended to continue the records monthly in the Orchid Review, as far as on the same system, thus -ivin.u a ready means of ferenee to existing hybrids, hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen.
r

her details will appear next

month.

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nre
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FEBRUARY,

ORCHID REVIEW:
Hn
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of rcbiooloov.

Operations for February

mollis var. Lois
16)...

...

4"

'

>r>

hul

I',

48

Ltleya

X Thayeriana (Fig
n e,

48,49
\~

Orchids Orchids
,),-,

f
i

Ca-Io-yne Dnyana
&v_\
in

h K ls

twnuv-tivc'vearsayo

64

Cypri|e<lium insane
(

small pots
'Fig. 17
frcini

Epidendrum X prismato-carpum
Hi-torv of >n hid Cultivation Hybridist i.dia ..cuminato-anceps
>.

,,1U

'

rurv

P
58
4<>
|

K.H.S. Orchid Committer'"

lystacidium, the genus

Manchester Orchid

and

North

of

Uoyal Horticultural

Consul F. C. Lehmann

...

...

.'.'.

-nana!.!
61

.'.'.

Odontoglossum X loochristiense

13- SEE SPECIAL NOTICE OPPOSITE

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SENECIO

TANGUTICUS.
and distinct hardy
per-

rom

Central China.

The
in

are yellow, pro J need

erminal panicles on stems

even feet high, during

the

Horticultural Society, September

15th, 1903.

James Veitch &

Sons,

CHELSEA, S.W.

THE ORCHID

REVIEW.

THE HISTORY OF ORCHID CULTIVATION.

(Continued from
vol.
xi..

p.

325.)
first

One
time

of the most noteworthy events of 1850 was the flowering, for the
in

Europe, of the remarkable Cypripedium caudatum,

of Ealing Park.

in

the collection

of Mrs. Lawrence,

Horticultural Society on
It

in
It

March 19th, large Silver Medal. was figured in the first volume of Paxtons Flower Garden (t. 9). though the text it was hopelessly confused with another species (C. Hartwegii).
is

was exhibited and was awarded a

It

at a

meeting of the

said

to

have

been

introduced to cultivation by

M.
:

Respecting the remarkable petals Lindley wrote as follows

are the extraordinary part of the species.

" The petals

tails,

J.

Linden.

In most Lady's-slipper flowers

they are short, here they extend into the most curious narrow

which
adds

hang down and wave

in the

wind, in a manner of which

in the

we have
first

in

gardens

no other such example, not even

Mrs. Lawrence,

genus of Strophanths.
is

What

to the curiosity of these singular appendages

that they are quite short

the fact,

remarked by

when the

flower begins to open

and that they acquire length day by day, at a rate which would enable an This lady has favoured us with some attentive observer to see them grow. measurements made by herself, from which we learn that

On

... day they advanced The growth of the fourth day amounted

the

third

...

4 inches more.
4-i

to

...
...

inches.

And on

the

fifth

day
is

still

extended

...

qi inches.

At

this time the

growth
i;
:

supposed to have ceased, the petals having

in

four days lengthened

full

inches,

and being about

iM

inches long

when

grown.

The

reason of this marvellous structure seems to deserve

of final causes.

inquiry at the hands of some proficient in the doctrine

There
the

is

evidently a
in

tendency towards

it

in

other

Orchids,

as

for

example,

Brassias,

some Oncidiums,
[It

the

genus Cirrhopetalum,
here

and
that

long-tongued

Habenarias."

may

be

interpolated

34

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

petals of

[February, 1904.
to

the
of

well -thrown examples

are

now known
gave an

attain

a length

thirty-two

inches/

Lindley

here

enumeration of the
ten,

tropical Cypripedes then

known, the number being

seven of them

Asiatic

and three American.

just

The work

mentioned was commenced

editorship of

at this period, as a

monthly-

journal, under

the

John Lindley and Joseph Paxton, and

replaced to some extent the defunct Botanical Register, for in addition to

coloured plates of the more striking novelties, certain pages were set apart
for

"Gleanings and Original Memoranda," some of the plants being illustrated by woodcuts, and, as might have been anticipated from Dr. Lindley'sconnection with the work, the interests of Orchidology were well looked
after.
It

may
first

be interesting to enumerate the Orchids illustrated

in

colour
(t.

in

the

volume, which were as follows

: Cattleya Walkeriana

3),

Oncidium hsematochilum (t. 6), Cypripedium caudatum (t. 9), Trichopilia suavis (t. n), Odontoglossum Cervantesii (t. 15), O. nsevium (t. 18), Oncidium sessile (t. 21), Cattleya labiata (t. 24), Dendrobium transparent (t. 2j), Epidendrum longipetalum (t. 30), Oncidium variegatum (t. ^^), and Vanda coerulea (t. 36), just one-third of the whole, and it may be noticed
that one Orchid appeared in each number.

Odontoglossum naivium is said to have been " sent to England several years since by Sir R. Schomburgk, and was diibiti d by Mr. Loddiges at one of the Spring
few of these deserve to be further noticed.
1

Meetings of the Horticultural Society

in

the present year."

of origin, however, seems open to question,

that

and

in

any case

The record we are told

M. Linden is offering good plants of this and O. odoratum "at the modest price of two guineas each." Trichopilia suavis was another beautiful novelty, which flowered in the collection of R. S. Holfoid, Esq., and also about the same time with Mrs. Lawrence and Mr. Loddiges. Of Vanda coerulea we read: "The honour of having introduced this,

glorious

plant

belongs

to

Messrs.

Veitch,

who

received

it

from their
being sent
of

invaluable traveller, Mr.

Thomas Lobb."
for the first

Ladia grandis now appeared

to

time
it

(p. 60, tig. 38),

Lindley by M. Morel, of Paris, with

whom

flowered.

A woodcut

Calanthe vestita also appeared

as a very

(p. 106, fig. j>).

This plant was described

Veitch,

handsome terrestrial Orchid introduced from Burma, by Messrs. and we read :" A large silver medal, the highest ever given in
Street,

Regent

was awarded

to this plant
it

by the Horticultural Society on

the 7th of Nov., 1848,

was exhibited by Messrs. Veitch for the first time. Oncidium varicosum (p. 106) was described as a fine stove Orchid from Brazil, introduced by M. Jonghe, of Brussels, and flowered at Chiswick
October 1849.

when

in

February, 1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

35

One
Lindenii

other remarkable novelty should br mentioned, namely, Lropedium

(p.

J2\ which was described as an extraordinary Orchid with

It

all

the habit of the long-tailed Lady's-slipper, but the lip of exactly

the same
in

form as the petals.

in

was introdua d by M. Linden, and dowered

state of the

the collection of M. Pescatore, of Celle St. (do, id. near Paris.

to be an

It is

May now
the

known

abnormal

On-hid just mentioned.

find
in

Orchid culture was now making great progress, and we

Gardener's Chronicle for 1N50 accounts of sah-s. by Stevens, of 200 lots of

South American Orchids collected by Warscewic/

of

11)4 lots

collected by

M.J. Linden

and of

2_\z lots

from Central India

the prices ranging irom

for a

ten shilling to ), the latter

La-lia superbiens.

amount being obtained

good plant of
Bate-

We

also find a notice of the sale of part of " Mr.

man's celebrated collection of Orchids." the advertisement stating that

"The Committee

Church, Parsonage, and Schools in wild, populous, and neglected district of Biddulph Moor, an- happy to
for providing a
in

tin-

in-

form the growers of Orchidaceous Plants, that Mr. P.ateman.

this important object,

promotion of
the rarest
will

has generously placed at their disposal about 400

will
in

of his

SPECIMEN Plants, among which

at for

be found nearly
cultivation.

all

and most beautiful species

submitted
Street,

present

These

be

unreserved sale by Mr. Stevkxs at his Great

Room, King

Covent Garden, on TUESDAV, the nth day of June, on the morniner of which they will be on view," &c. A subsequent note appeared of some of the prices obtained, from which
a few extracts will be interesting.

Angntcum eburneum,
in

a fine specimen,

fetched

to,

guineas: A. caudatum, two plants

;

tlower, iS guineas

Vandasuavis,

17

each 14 guineas

Oattleya labiata,

coming into guineas, Acrides affine and A. odoratum it guineas: ('. Aclandiae, two plants in
one, each

one

11

guineas: C. maxima, h guineas: Saccolabium guttatum, a fine plant

S.

iH guineas:
L. crispa,

ampul laceum,
:

10 guineas: Lselin Perrinii,

7

ahne

plant,

11

10s.

Ccelogyne cristata.

guineas, Coryanthes

Lieldingii (a
lost

remarkable plant which now seems to have been completely

7

sight of),
fine
I).

guineas

Odontoglossum citrosum, 3
6s.
:

plant,

Ti

D.
:

Veitchianum, 6
:

Dendrobium densiflorum, guineas D. Devonianum, 4

10s.
: :

D. nobile. ) 5s. Miltonia 4 wholly purple flowers (no doubt Moreliana), 5

transparens,
5s.

speetabilis,
15s.
;

.'4

variety with

Phalaenopsis amabilis,

5s.;

P.

grandirlora.

5s.;

P.

rosea,

3s.;

Anguloa
in

Ruckeri,

We
the

also find an

announcement of three remarkable Orchids

Society's garden,
at

flower in

Horticultural

Chiswick.

These were:
six

Laelia
and an

superbiens, upwards of six feet across, and bearing nine spikes

aggregate of ninety flowers

Dendrobium speciosum, nearly

feet across,

and bearing eighteen spikes: and Phalaenopsis amabilis, with

forty flowers.


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
added that the plants " have been many years
[Fkbruarv, 1904.
in the Society's

36
It is

posses-

sion.

The

first

and

last

were, in fact, gigantic specimens

to

when imported."

There was even a proposal

form an Orchid Society, the following note

:

by " Dodman," appearing (p. 406) " Orchids, and the Establishment of a new Society relating to them. I have for some time been satisfied that it would be very desirable to establish a
small society for the propagation of the knowledge of Orchidaceous plants,

recording novelties, and any peculiarities as

taste for these plants
is

to

their

culture, &c.
sale,

The
of the

spreading daily, and Mr. Bateman's

where the

principal growers or their

gardeners were collected, reminded

after the great sale of the
;

me

Roxburgh Book Club, founded

I

Roxburgh books.

think from 100 to 200 might be reckoned on

and, say that the subscrip-

enable the Society to defray the small expense of periodical meetings, and

probably to publish a small journal."

details,

which need not be repeated,

Then followed suggestions as to and we may add in conclusion that

"Orchids
for

nothing further appears to have been heard of the proposal.

The same
(p.

writer had two articles entitled,

I

the Million"

which he remarked:" new person starting up (undeterred by

308, 389), in
cultivation),

hear almost every day of some

tin-

supposed great
at

difficulties of

who
I

is

willing to

make an attempt

growing a few Orchids,

and

further,

find that the collectors in the upper classes are also increasing.

A
fit

small house for the growing the more easily cultivated Orchids
at a small cost;
for the

maybe
are so

had

and

do not know anyone

and there

class of plants that

afford

management
all

of the amateur, as
:

the}'
is

amusement and
then went into

occupation for

the year round

scarcely a day in the year

but there will be some one plant or another

details

in flower."

He

about some existing Orchid houses, gave a design

of about 200 species, comprising the
best
in

for a

cheap house,

and a

list

general cultivation,

and concluded by saying that " collectors in all quarters are ransacking the forests, &c, to send home plants," and that a friend in Penanghad written
:

"Our jungles are nearly stripped of all the Orchidaceous plants, such been the demand for them of late." The Gardeners Chronicle for 1.S51 was distinguished by a series of
C. B. Warner, Esq., of

has

over

Ho

Idesdon. "entitled

"Orchids

for

the

Million,"

February,

1904.;

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

for.

37

what
find an

to

look

He

thought

that

the

exhibition
notices

collections should be encouraged.

And among

more varied of Orchid sales we

of
to be disposed
,,f,

announcement that Mr. Rucker's

that

collection

was

being

the- finest

had

ev< r

been got together by one individual.

The second volume

P. lagenaria
(tig. 2),

of Paxton's

Flower Harden

(1851-2).
(t.

contained
39,
fig. 1),

coloured plates of the following Orchids

: Pleione maculata
pallida
it.

Yauda

tricolor

(t.
it.

42b Cattleya
54),

4N1.

Pleione

humilis
it.

(t.

51), Trichopilia coccinea

57),

Aerides

roseum

it.

60),

Dendrobium albosanguineum Oncidium trilingue it. 63), Aerides

tricolor
a

ami Dendrobium albosanguineum,

while' Trichopilia

coccinea was

handsome novelty introduced by Warscewicx, and flowered in the garden of the Horticultural Society. The flowering of the Grammatophvllum was
an interesting event, and
'

is

thus alluded to:

After

At last

is

realised the long cherished wish to see this in flower.

it

years of patience, Mr. Loddiges succeeds in persuading

to

expand a few

Nevertheless, they enabled our artist to prepare the accompanying figure.

which gives some idea of what the plant

is:

onlv the flowering scape

it

proceeded from the top instead of the bottom of the stem, whence

arises

"Gleanings and Original Memoranda" again contained notices of various interesting novelties, among which we may mention Bifrenaria
Idle

Hadweni
hurst,

mow

referred to Scuticaria

>.

introduced from

P>ra/il

by T. Brockle-

Esq., with

whom

it

flowered, and Cattleya

Leopoldi, exhibited by

M. Forkel, gardener to the King of the Belgians. The third, and last, volume of Paxton's Flower Garden
follows

(.1X52-3)

contained

Cvcnoches
rosea
(t.

Limatodes
cucullatum
(t.

87),

aureum (t. 75), Cymbidium Mastersii (t. 78), Dendrobium fimbriatum (t. 84), Oncidium (t. 81), Odontoglossum Pescatorei (t. go), Mormodes igneum
(t.

93),

Ladia purpurata
it.

96),

Cleisostoma crassifolium
(t.

(t.

99),

Solenidium

racemosum

102),

and
is

Laeliopsis domingensis

105).

Two

of these plants quite bring us

it

Laelia purpurata

"One remarked:

down

to

modern

times.

Concerning

of the

most striking novelties

which has
the
It

for a long time

been seen was produced by Messrs. Backhouse,

of York, at one of the garden meetings of the Horticultural Society, under

name
had,

of a

in

new Cattleya from the Island of St. Catherine's, in Brazil. fact, much the appearance of Cattleya crispa, or of a white

C. labiata, but the experienced eye of one of our most acute Orchidophilists

38

THE ORCHID RLVIEW.

it

L.

Perrinii.
.

And such
. .

proved to be when

examined.

It is

evidently very near the

Odontoglossum Pescatorei was describe d as follows: -"None of on s Odontoglots equal in beauty this most 1 ovely species to which the Thepani le of large white ring justic e. smallness of our plate forbids our do h, flowers is from two to three feet higr and no t much narro> ver, so far do the nen in flo wer was sent us last April b\ A specin branches extend.

...

Mr. Linden, and when exhibited, although long deta

Brussels, struck
all

who saw

it

with admiration,

assures us that those very flowers had been expand*.

had been, in fact, exhibited at a great Horticultural tha 14th March, when it received a prize, which it

We

observe that plants are offered for sale by Mr. Li

20of. each

cheap enough.

It

has been named after

French
St.

horticulturist,

Mons. Pescatore, whose beauti

Cloud, near Paris, contain,

we

believe, the finest

known upon
even the best

the Continent, and are, perhaps, richer

in

England/'
is

Cycnoches aureum
follows

a very remarkable plant wl

: " To

the very singular race of Swan-Orchis

gratification of

adding a new form, introduced fron

a shorter
flowers,

and more compact raceme, whole-colour and a lip, the terminal lobe of which is shor
all

disc

is

broken up are short, forked,

radiating from

the

uppermost

one

being

bent

back,

and

the

at

Wandsworth, and, with some

others,

i.

the rejectamenta of one of Mr. Warscewicz'

remarkable

for its bri liant colour.

The "Gleanings and Original interesting novelties, Dendrobium

from N.

Mem
bigib

W.

Australia

by him.
Lastly,

we may mention Phalamopsis intermedia

It is

(fig.

310),

"a
is

very fine

stove epiphyte," introduced by Messrs. Veitch, of which

Lindley further
a

remarked

: "

not improbable that this beautiful plant

natural

mule between P. amabilis and P. rosea. It agrees with the former in foliage and in the tendrils of the lip: with the latter in colour, in the acuteness of its petals, and in the peculiar form of the middle lobe of the lip. Flowers half-way in size between P. amabilis and P. rosea." The correctness of this shrewd inference has since been proved by direct

...

flowered.

Indeed, Mr.

Domim 's

experiments only commenced

in

1S52, a
closer

few months earlier

at the outside,

and there may have been an even

an

connection between the two events.

It

may
in

be mentioned here that towards the end of 1852

the
Gardeners' Chronicle
is

appeared

commencing

" Do
It

article

Orchidaceous

plants produce hybrids?

satisfactorily.
It is

a question often asked and

(p. 803).

never answered

probable that they do! "

then goes on to

speak of a plant figured and described by Weddell as precisely intermediate

between Aceras anthropophora and Orchis

found growing), as a clear case of hybridity.

militaris

(with

which
as

it

was

The Orchid Growers Manual was

of the
'

also

mentioned

(p. 263).

"a

reprint

Orchids

for the million

recently published in our columns, with

some

additions."
letter to

This

first

edition contained 10S pages.

'p.

a young Orchid grower

respecting the formation of a collection.

observes, "the

324) contains some shrewd advice " If you are very rich," the writer

way

is

Loddiges with your

to go to Messrs. Veitch, Messrs. Rollisson, or Mr. for new plants " you give an banker's check-book "
:

order to Mr. Linden or Mr. Skinner "

or you

may have

humble methods. " Do not import. Nothing is But we must skip the in the long run more expensive."
(To
be

more more disappointing, and

to adopt
details.

continued.)

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[February

ORCHIDS TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO.

ely

been reading a book on Orchids published about twe

In brids to be
all

io

sya aurea and gigas, or scarcely

ny In brids at
g

igeneri,

and

Dendrobium X Ainsworthii was considered quite a marv llous production. names, sp< cies nd hybrids The Cypripedium list contained a modest together, and as for Odontoglossum crispum varieties, one 1 land would almost supply sufficient digits to reckon them on. It is the difference between those days and these that has so impressed me. Of course I had read in the Orchid Review and elsewhere, that this and that Orchid had flowered in such and such a recent year, but I never Now we realised how recent, till I missed so many names from the book.

K.H.S.

Named Cypripediums
;

can be counted by the hundred, Cattleya

! ! !

hybrids by dozens

and as

for

subject with bated breath,

one approaches this named crispums Such both because of number and quality.
their season,

the price

is

hardly considered, and so many, that

to the front.
is

in

every

week brings new ones

wonderful productions

One can

hardly expect that such a

will see

pace can be kept up, but there

;

no doubt the next 25 years

some

chiefly home-raised.

May some

of these master-

Orchis Monro.-- -A small meadow

for miles

in

the east of England, surrounded

was very conspicuous every spring for its display of O. Mono, among which grew a few O. pyramidalis but during the four years the meadow was under the writer's notice the plants
side,
;

by arable land on every

breadths of
Orchises
is

it

in

certain districts.

When
it

moist pasture land purpled with

drained, these plants find

a difficult task in one season to

mature the numerous capsules, each of which contains thousands of seeds. Such a plant may not throw up flowers
tuber,
to

flower, to form a

new

and

the succeeding year, but

that
will

may

devote

its

energy to forming another tuber,

It is

certainly

Mower the next spring.

It
is

the formation of each

succeeding tuber by the side of the

of

last that gives

these Orchises the

of travelling,

name
p. 64.

"

Walking

plants."

a distinct

way

though

certainly not a quick

one. D.

S. Fish, in

The Garden, Jan. 23, 1904,

.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

<

PAPHIOPEDILUM

MORGAN!^.

a considerable well grown.

]

ice to

each other, and are extremely effective when

curious that

when the

present hybrid appeared a

it

resemblance to the rare P. Stonei platytaenium was observed, and

:n

suggested that the latter might be a natural hybrid with the same

.ge,

which, however,

is

clearly impossible.

Our

figure

is

taken from

the

new edition of Orchitis, their Culture ami Management, revised by Mr. H. J. Chapman, and we are indebted to the publishers, Messrs. L. Upcott
Gill, for the

loan of the block.

42

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[February,

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR FEBRUARY.

The
temperatures and general management of the plant for this montl

differ but little

from that previously advised,

viz.,

treating

them

libera

the matterof
permit.

air,

warmth, and moisture, as

far as the outside condition:

The preceding month was remarkable

the heating apparatus, which
is

for its variation of

weather

fluctuations of temperature, so that great care

was necessary
I

in

manipul

one of the chief mainstays during

winter season..

The

fog, too, did its worst, in

and

do not remember
the

hi

such a loss of bloom

this district

before.

Among

many

bl

spoiled were Ladia anceps,

Phalaenopsis, Cattleya Trianse, Dendrobi

and many Ladio-cattleya hybrids just about to open. With the advai the present month, however, the days will lengthen, and a correspot A increase of light may be expected, which will be very welcome. days lengthen and the light increases, so may the thermometer be all to rise gradually, and a little more moisture be supplied, which will tei
encourage renewed
activity.

Everything
a spell of

in this

direction, howevar,

si

be done gradually, or the result will be far from satisfactory, as the we

is

not yet to be relied upon

warm

spring-like weather

ma

followed by another nip of winter.

It
is

at

such times that plants, having been unduly hastened

growth, receive a check, from which perhaps they

success attending plants during the
largely

may

not recover,

winter in

all

departments de|
re
fo
i:

upon the health and vigour they possess, and no plant can vigorous if the compost in which it is growing is decayed, and it that the roots also will be more or less in a bad state. When such
a very
little

case,

drought

is

sufficient

to

cause

exhaustion,

shrive
\

loss of leaves, &c.

Any

plant having a good supply of strong healthy

all

must necessarily be in good compost, and is pretty sure to go on with good treatment, and continue to improve and increase in

size,

use
all

method of treatment, which should be one

of moderatio

times.

ones which give the greatest trouble, and these are apt to go from ba< worse during the winter time, unless special ly looked after. To illusi
this, let us

suppose we have two choice Ladio-cattleva hybrids

in

one

vigorous health with plenty of roots,

a weakly plant, having
little

a compost sweet and good, the c

or no roots, although the

compost

in

each

valescence will be gn ciAW pn

P la tit

will

demand moi e
it

atte.it

wai :er dur in- the res

shr veil my :
i

would require
so

an,

not su ibjected to
requi ire to

much

tha t
pla.

have special a
i

ngst those

n the fro

was obtained
will

last year,

and afterwards properly ripened, the Mower buds

now be

in a

more

or less

advanced stage.

On

no account force them

a

forward too quickly, as the majority of late winter and spring flowering
varieties

develop

much

better

and

finer

if

brought along quietly,

in

temperature of about 6o, giving just enough water at the roots and

in

the

With Dendrobes it is as yet a little early to do very much repotting, but there are some cases where a start can be made, so that as many as possible may be got off hand. The
atmosphere to keep the pseudobulbs plump.
seedlings which are yet too small to flower
into growth.

may

be done, and gently started

Then again

there

may

be others which are not intended to

flower, because they are not strong enough,

and these should have

attention,

With newly potted plants tinwatering should be done with great care until the new growth gets well up, Let the temperaand the new roots take a good hold of the new compost.
safe after the flowering

period

is

over.

ture be

sturdy

warm and genial, say between 60 and 70 Dendrobiums growth may be encouraged.
.

so
in

that

health}-

and

general

do best

suspended

in either small

pans or baskets, as good results are more certain

when
little

kept to small receptacles.

soil,

suitable

compost may consist of equal

part peat, leaf

service after

and sphagnum moss. The old back pseudobulbs are of the third and fourth year, and may be readily detached

These old bulbs will mostly propagate freely if cut in lengths of about three inches, and laid on fresh sphagnum moss, and kept moist. The small plants resulting will in about two years be sufficiently large to again replace the old plants, thus keeping up a good supply of nice
from the plant.
healthy young stock.

They have made a very bold show for the last six weeks, and it is not easy to find a more useful Orchid, providing that the plants are well grown if not, they are not nearly so

The Mexican Ladias

are

now

past.

44
satisfactory.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Their culture
is,

[February, 1904.
if

on the whole, easy,

treated in accordance

with their very simple coddling

;

requirements.

There

must not be too

Occasionally

much

nor should they be starved for the want of water, or other

necessaries, such as repotting,

&c, when

required.

we

get

examples where the new growth, or rather the

out into space, where they often sooner or later
of flowering to such plants
collapse.
is

last

made pseudobulb,

overhangs the side of the pot, and the new roots are consequently growing

come

to grief.
will

The

ordeal
later

most exhaustive, and they

to furnish

sooner or

Unless Laelias have overgrown their receptacles, once in about

is

three years
that
is

often

enough

new

materials throughout,

all

else

required

being an occasional top dressing.

Should any of the

it

way of should be proceeded with during this month

plants require attention, either in the
like Cattleyas,

repotting or top-dressing,
or next.
All the

Mexican
but,

Larlias require but little water during the winter to keep

them plump,
abundance of
best
is

they should have enough to do this without signs of unduly

require plenty of sunlight, with an
air,

shrivelling.

They

which

will all

tend to keep them robust.

Cattleya Trianae

and

its

varieties will be

at

their

during

this

month.
free.it

It

forms a most beautiful and useful species, and

one of the

of Cattleyas to
after flowering,

grow and

flower.

It

soon commences to root and

to.

grow

when

repotting or top-dressing should be attended

is

C. Percivaliana, although the flower

very rich and beautiful, cannot be

compared
to

to the first-named for usefulness.

its

Sometimes
after

this species fails

produce

flowers

satisfactorily,

even

making

good

robust

pseudobulbs, with plenty of sheaths.

By

keeping the plants rather dry and

;

warm, however, the

failure is not so great

yet there are

some which

fail to

atmospheric conditions than

is

Trianae.

There are a number of Oncidiums which prefer the Cool House culture, making growth much stronger and freer than when given more heat. One
of these
is

O. serratum, which has

just

gone out

of

flower,

and

is

rith

fresh

chopped sphagnum moss,

the;

luring the winter, letting the material

ap

by damping down too often. If the nay sometimes be advisable not to dami
tioist,

be found often

abundance of
superbiens, 0.

air
la ih-IIi"

rand0?^i

OBITUARY.
the Garten/bra
thi

I'cZ

F. C.

Lehmann

a
particulars

heard any further

we may now

give sonic account of the deceased gentleman's

It
(

work

in

connection with Orchidolo^y.

would appear from

>rehidace;e l\
('.

a.

paper

})iiblished

by Reiehenbach
(Otia.

in

iSjS, entitled "

Lehmanniame

ecuadorenses "

!><>t.

I Iamb.

pp. 3

30, that

Western South America as a collector for of Upper Clapton, and he evidently made a good collection of dried plant.-, which were described in the paper in question. Among them we find a considerable number of novelties, no less than eight being Masdevallias, which genus became one of his special favourites. One of these was
dedicated to him, under the

Lehmann first went t<> Messrs Hugh Low & Co., then

name

of Masdevallia

Lehmanni.

Species of

also dedicated to

him

in the

same paper.
p.

The date
345).

of his journey seems to

have been about 1876,

in

for in 1S97 he sp >ke of his

twentv-one vears of travel

the Andes

(Gard.
in

Citron., 1897,

i.

Subsequently he became

German Consul

Republic of Colombia, and he continued to pay great attention to Orchids, indeed we find him offering them for sale in
the
large quantities, but
in

he aiso

made

a fine collection of dried specimens,

Guatemala. Costa Rica, Colombia and Ecuador, which have been rather recently worked up (Lehmann and Kranzlin in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi. pp.
437

02 ) ar>d, as might have been anticipated, contained

large

number

of novelties.

One

of them, described as a new gettns allied to

Lpidendrum.

was dedicated to him under the name of Xeolehmannia. His knowledge of Andine Orchids was most extensive, but his writings were not numerous, two papers that occur to us being on Two new Coryanthes {Gard. Chron.. The latter 1891, ii, p. 483) and on Trevoria Chloris (I.e., 1897, i, p. 345). he described as "the second of a number of new genera I have discovered
during the twenty-one years of
the

my travels

in

the Andes."
of

He
"

also supplied

notes

on

the

geographical

description

the

Monograph

of

Masdevallia," issued by the Marquis of Lothian, and illustrated by Miss

Woolward, and from these

the
plants
in

it

may

be seen

how

extensive his knowledge of

their

native

habitat

was.

He

introduced a number of

interesting Orchids to cultivation,

in Gard. Chron., 1891,
ii.,

among them

being

Ada Lehmanni
t.

(Rolfe
7805),

p.

34),

Trevoria Chloris {Bat. Mag.,

46

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

(I.e.,
t.

[February,

9c 4,

Sievkingia Reichenbachiana
7766), Coryanthes Wolfii

7576),

Masdevallia deorsum

(I.e.,

t.

and C. Mastersiana [Card. Citron., 1891, ii. p. 483). Lueddemannia triloba (Kew Bull., 1895, p. 283), Scelochilus carinatus Polycycnis Lehmanni and Lueddemannia Lehmanni. (I.e., p. 284), Doubtless there are many others, but enough has been said to show the

importance of his work.

THE GENUS MYSTACIDIUM.

There
is

a genus of the

satisfactorily

denned.
p.

It

Angraecum group whose was founded by Lindley

limits
in

have never been

1836 (Hook. Comp.

Rot. Mag.,

ii.,

205)

to contain the

South African plant then known as

(Suppl.

Angraecum capense, but which was described by the younger Linnaeus as

early as 17S1, under the

name

of

Epidendrum capense
filicorne,

PL,

p. 407).
in

The
to

plant

was

called

Mystacidium

and the resemblance

habit

Angraecum, as well as the differences

in the structure of the pollinaria,

in

were pointed out.

1863 (Thes. Cap.,
original species,
(t.

Harvey added two additional South African species

ii.,

pp. 47, 48,

tt.

173, 174),
five others

when he

also tigered the

in

175),

and Ridley
pp.

from Madagascar
in

1885

1864 reduced Mystacidium to Aeranthes {Walp. Ann., vi., p. 899, mis-spelt " Aeranthus "), on account of some similarity in the pollinarium. at the same time
(Journ.

Linn.

Soc, xxv.,

488-490).

Reichenbach

also

adding

Aeonia,

and
out,

the
to

American

species

now
but,

referred

to

Campylocentron,
afterwards
particulars.

and

partly

Dendrophylax,
are

as
in

Bentham
numerous
at

pointed

the

two

very

different

Bentham estimated the

revising
to that

species

of Mystacidium
Africa
I

about

twenty.

In

the Orchids of Tropical

area,

found nineteen

species belonging
in

and there are probably as many more the Mascarene Islands and South Africa, while, curiously enough,
is

there

one outlying species in Ceylon.

The genus

is

easily separated

from Angraecum by having two distinct glands, to which the pollinia are attached, each by its own separate stipes, while in Angraecum there is only a
single stipes

and gland.

The

allied

genus Listrostachys

is

characterized

by having two distinct stipes attached to a single gland. These differences are extremely well marked, and are to some extent connected with differences in the habit of the plants, though the position of a few speci< s

remains uncertain

thq pollen masses can be examined. Listrostachys and Mystacidium are indeed more easily separated from Angraecum than i*
until

the Asiatic genus Saccolabium, for the pollinia are practically identical in the two, and although the latter has a saccate lip, and obtuse sepals and petals, there are species of Angraecum which also have these characters.

tii

Aeranthes already

men
1

eranthes

Curnowianus,
Boi.

erminyanum, Sander,
uliifolium,
-i.;
:

Thou.: M. Leoi and M. sesquipedal<

Vanda
leaves

Hookeriana

is

tall,

scrambling species, with

:

cy
st

and short spikes of

flower.

These are very beautiful

:

the

petals whitish, with spots of purple

a deeper hue.

the lip purple, with

crowded

No

one should attempt the culture of

this species
i

not ample heat at

command.

It

grows

in

sweltering heat and

and except
lengths,

for a

week or two

after

being planted should be fully ex

and plant these in beds of sphagnum in a house fully the sun. A luxuriant growth and abundant supply of flower
assured. B. G.
in

ex]
is

journal of Horticulture.

Oelocvxk Dayana. Mr.

communication to the
Florists

A.

Manda sends the following interesting J. Exchange : The photograph, from which
is

the illustration herewith was made,

lately in the collection of Mrs.

of a single specimen plant flowering

270,

C.

F. Erhart,

Washington Avenue,

Brooklyn, N. Y.
spike,

The

plant carried 27 spikes, with 43 to 5r flowers to a

making a total of 1,247 flowers, and is a great credit to the enthusiastic and zealous gardener, A. Welsing, under whose care the specimen has been for the past eleven years. Such fine specimen Orchids are seldom seen, especially taking into consideration that when this plant was bought about twelve years ago at an auction, it had then just two It is grown in an octagonal basket two feet small bulbs and one lead.
across, potted in fibrous peat

and moss, with additional pieces of charcoal

is

and broken crocks.

roof,

The

plant

elevated on a high stand close to the

It
is

where

it

enjoys a quantity of moisture and heat.

prettiest of the

a native of

Borneo and one of the

Coelogyne

tribe.

48

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[February, .904.

CATTLEYA
In the
last

MOLLIS VAR. LOIS &

C.

THAYERIANA.

volume of the Orchid Review, p. 330, mention is made of Cattleya X Lois var. mollis, and the writer expresses the opinion that there is very little evidence of the diphyllous parent, C. superba splendens, and remark?

"

It is

most

like C. Gaskelliana in shape, in the nearly entire lip,

I

and the
his

mauve-lilac sepals and petals."

cultivator will agree with

think

Capt.

Holford

and

able

me

that the plant in question

and flowered
is

first in

the collection at Westonbirt

as
X

was raised here. also happened more

It

recently with Laelio-cattleya

Milton.

The

object of this note., however,

mollis.

to straighten out the parentage of the Cattleya

seems

to

have been overlooked that the C. Gaskelliana used was the true variety virginalis hence all the colour, apart from yellow and white, is due to the
;

C. superba splendens, which was the pollen parent.

raised from this cross there are

Among

the

fifty

plants

some twoleaved, and these generally show

lip,

that have almost every mature growth

distinct traces of the influence

of C.

superba in the

being distinctly three-lobed.

There also

exists a great

variation in colouring in individuals.

Some

are remarkably fine, and, from the

fbfffts.

published accounts, Capt. Holford's plant must be one of the better

When

a quantity of plants result from a cross between distinct sections

it is

most wonderful revelation to the observer to see the great divergence in form and colouring. This is remarked by all who have seen our seventy plants of C. X Thayeriana in bloom. The parents were C. intermedia X C. Schrcederae alba, and about three-fourths of the plants produce flowers of a lovely uniform lilac, with no accentuation on the apex
of a genus,
a of the
lip.

In the balance there are varying degrees of amethystine marking,

from the smallest dash of colour, as in the type plant, to heavy inverted V-shaped masses of colour. This has led many to remark that no one

would

credit their

common

origin were

it

not well authenticated.

There

is

also a similar variation in the shape of the labellum.

Many

are distinctly
In
;

three-lobed, while others are as finely rounded as any C. Schrcederae.

some the

side lobes

do not fold over the column, but only meet

over 200 expanded flowers of C.

at the base

others overlap nearly their whole length.

Last March
as

we had

Thayeriana, and
study and

by actual

test it lasts longer in perfection

than any other Cattleya known

six

here, a fine opportunity

was enjoyed during the

weeks

for

comparison.

hope next flowering season to preserve a series of llowers for your inspection, showing the variation mentioned above. I enclose a photo of the group of C. X Thayeriana taken last April, when over 200 blooms were open. It is hardly suitable for reproduction, but I thought
like to see
it.

We

you would

E. C. Okpet.

So. Lancaster, Mass., U.S.A.

Ffbruary, 1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEWsent

49

The Photograph

shows

very remarkable group, but, as Mr. Orpet

illustration of a single flower, from

photograph previously received from

in

Mr. Orpet.

This beautiful hybrid wa- originally described and figured

>r

A)iicn\\:>: 7\"r:\: f

March

24th. noo

vol.

].

iooji.when

its

history

was thus given by Mr. Orpet:-

"The

cross

was made March 26th, 1896,

C.
lip

intermedia.

The colour

is

a delicate pink throughout, the tube of the

being primrose-yellow, with a purple irreg dar shaped blotjh in the

centre."

The

period which elapsed

first

between sowing the seed and the

appearance of the

flower

evidently a very line

thing,

It is was rather short for a Cattleya. and we shall be most pleased to see the

promised series of flowers.

A photograph showing

three or four

of the

5o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

SOCIETIES.

[February, 1904.

The
Hall,

first

meeting of the year of the above Society was held at the Drill
5th,

Buckingham Gate, Westminster, on January

when

there

was

very good display of Orchids for the season, the majority, however, being
Cypripedes, which are invaluable as winter-flowering plants.
F.

W.

Moore, Esq.,

Royal Botanic

Gardens,

Glasnevin,

Dublin,

showed Bulbophyllum micropetalum, Epidendrum Cooperianum. Maxillaria cucullata and M. macrura, each of which received a Botanical Certificate, these being the only certificates awarded at the meeting. Mrs. Haywood, Woodhatch, Reigate (gr. Mr. Salter) sent Cypripedium X Hitchinsia maculatum and C. X Mrs. Haywood (X T. B. Haywood X Charlesworthii), a very distinct hybrid of dark colour, in which the influence of C. Drurii was very apparent.
C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), exhibited a good series of cut spikes of Calanthe X Regina, C. X Bryan,

C.

X Wra. Murray,

C.

Veitchii,

C.

Sandhurstiana, and some

Cypripediums, arranged with maidenhair

fern.

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood) showed Cypripedium X gigas Rosslyn variety, C. insigne Monkholme var.. and
C.
i.

Rosslyn variety.

F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield,

Woking

(gr.

Mr. Hopkins), exhibited

Cypripedium

handsome C.
variety,

X Hera Charlesworthii, C. X Celeus superbum, the X rubescens Ranjitsinhji, and Laslia autumnalis Westfield
lip.

having a large dark rose flower with a white base to the

H. Whateley, Esq., Spring Gardens, Kenilworth, showed Cypripedium X Varney and C. X Amy Robsart.
Messrs. Charlesworth

&

Co., Heaton, Bradford, received a Silver Flora

Cypripedium X Enid (Spicerianum X bellatulum), C. insigne Dorothy, C. X aureum, C. X Hera Lucienianum.

Medal

for a fine group, containing

X Dora Crawshaw (bellatulum X Charlesworthii moosaicum), Odontoglossum X Hallio-crispum, O, X loochristiense, O. crispum, Lseliocattleya X Andromeda (L. flava X C. aurea), L.-c. X Violetta, several good L.-c. X Charlesworthii, and others.
C.
Messrs. Sander
excellent

&

Sons, St. Albans, gained a Silver Flora Medal for an

group, containing

Cypripedium
fine

Masterso-villosum,
three

C.

X
of

robustum, C.
C.
insigne

X Annie

Measures, C.
a

X aureum,
form,

good

plant-

McXabianum,

dark

Mazillaria elegantula, a good specimen of

Cymbidium Tracyanurn, Gomesa planifolia, and Angrse-

cum

sesquipedale.

Messrs. J. Veitch

&

Sons, Chelsea, were also awarded a Silver Flora

February,

1504.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

51

Medal

an extremely good group of hybrids, including Cypripedium x Niobe, C. X Prospero, C. X Euryades, C. X Baron Schroder, La-Ii...
for

cattleya
L.-r.

Cappei, L.-c.
L.-c.

X Coronis,

L.-c.

x Bryan,
(S.

Pallas, Cattleva

X Lpicasta. L.-c. X ("Ionia, x Miranda, Sophro-cattleya X

X Imogen, and Lpiden-

Saxa

grandiflora

C. Triana:), Masdevallin

showed the beautiful Cypripedium callosum Sanders, C. insigne Sanderianum, and C. x Minos Low's
Co.,
Enfield,

Messrs. H.

Low &

Messrs. Stanley, Ashton

,V

Co., South-ate, exhibited the natural hybrid

Miltonia

Cogniauxia* Stanleyi (Regnelii

spectabilis Moreliana).
in

the

flower being deep purple and most like the former

shape.

The

report of the Scientific

:

following

Committee of the same date contains the

Orchids malformed. Mr. Bidgood, Saltwell View. Gateshead, sent some excellent coloured photos of Orchids, showing certain peculiarities: (1) An Odontoglossum citrosmum had the basal flower of a spray with two
well

formed columns, three

labella,

and eight other perianth segments.

but numerous clusters of fibro-

The

ovarian section had no ovary

it

cells,

was a " multifold" flower, the cords of each perianth-segment branching and entering two, instead of a single segment
vascular cords, showing that
so that, excepting one,
all

the parts of the perianth were doubled.

(2)

Phaius Humblotti

P. Wallichi, received from Mr. Cookson's collection.

One photo showed

the inflorescence, one flower of which had the lower

:

portion of one of the lateral sepals petaloid like a labellum

the ovary next to the position of the labellum flower had no labellum, the lateral

the placenta of

was absent. A second sepals were fused, making one wide,

were
slightly labellate.

median

sepal,

and both the

lateral petals

A second meeting was

held on January 26th,

last occasion.

when a much

finer

show

of

Orchids was seen than on the

Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), exhibited a J. magnificent group of Dendrobiums, extending the whole length of the central staging of the Drill Hall, to which was deservedly awarded a Gold
Medal.
It

included

many

varieties of
;

D. nobile, D.

n.

Ballianum, and

Colmanianum being noteworthy also D. X Othello giganteum, D. X Apollo, D. X Snow-flake, D. X Rubens grandiflorum, D. X Ainsworthii,
D.
D.
n.

splendidissimum, D.

Artemis, D. Curtisii, D.
together with
a.

pallens,

D.

Schneiderianum, D.
-

Juno,

some well-flowered
a.

Laelia

anceps, including L.

a- Stella,

L.

Hilliana enfieldense, L.

Sanderiana,

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Mi s. Jeremiah C olman, a ls Cymbidiu m Tracya num, and other plants th< whole making an extre me ly fine disp House, Ox ford (gr. Mr. Clark), was La dy Plowden, Asto n Rowa awarded a Silver Banks ian Med d for a good group of well-grown and heavil --hV wered Lselia a iceps. M Appleton, Es q., West -super-mare showed Cypripedium X Hobart Lathami; num X insigne Mons. de Curte, C. X Garret A gigant urn C. x Editl <e (bell a ul im X Chan iberlainia mm), and C. X Morte ii (L eeanum Maser eelianum x Chamberlai nianum). The last-named,. which 1VCL ived an Award of Meri hybrid, vt tabling much of
L.
a.

habit, bi

he flowers

>

intermediate

in.

W W Lesley,
Laelia

Esq., Westfie d,

Woking
,

(g r.

Mr.

opkins),

anc eps Schrceder e

Theod
handso
the tip

>r;

given.

Tl

is

was a ver
a

white, ting ed with rose

which an Awa rd form, hav ng the s pals and and the fr< nt of the lip dark
to

showed of Merit was

petals.

claret-

purple

M. Madai
C.

Jul 3S
lies

Hye de Ci
Hye.
Esq.,

mi,

Gh<

it

sent the

uuuLome Cypripedium X
(g
.

JC

Lucas,

Warnha n
a

Court,

Ho sham

Mr.

Duncan),

exhibited

"vpripedium
Pitt,

X Almos

a tine C.

X Lathamianum.
showed

H. T.

Esq., R< sslyn, St

ford Hill (g r. Mr. Thurgood),

and Cypripedium X Edith*. The Right Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Hill), sei spike of Phalamopsis amabilis Rime^tadiana, bearing eight fine flowi Rutherford, Esq., M.P., Beardwood, Blackburn (gr. Mr. L 'J.
line spike of six flowers,

pikes of the

chrcederianun

j.,

Heaton, Bradford,

staged

splendid

ds,

and secured a
Cappei, L.-c.

Silver-gilt

Flora Medal,

bright orange Laelio-cattleya

CharlesL.-c.

X Andromeda,

An Award of Merit was (L. flava X C. Trianae),

sepals and petals,

given to Li
a

handson* and the lip ruby pur

Messrs. Sander
chiefly of hybrids,

&
to

Sons, St. Albans

winch a Silver

tained Ladio-cattleya

Dr. R. Schif

Mendelih,

large

and beautiful In b

Messrs. H.

Low

cc

Co., Enfield,

exhibited a good group,

Oncidium oinithorhynchum, Sophronitis grandifloni. Dendrobiuu D. Wardianum, Cypripedium tonsum, the handsome C. X Wat (Harrisianum nigrum x concolor), C. X Minos Low's variet Titvus. C. X Sallieri Hveanum, forms of C. X Hera Euryades, C Low's variety, and other plants. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, showed Odontogh Wilckeanum Argus, two plants of (). X loorhristiet^
.

The
8th,

iirst

meeting of the year of the Manchester and North of Engl

at the

Orchid Society was held

Coal Exchange, Manchester, on

Jam

and brought together a very good display of Orchids. W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange. Stone igr. Mr.
home-raised

>:

very interesting group of half-a-dozen

loochristiense, from seed

Odontoglossum
M<
skill

sown

less
in

than four years ago, a Silver

being awarded to Mr. Stevens,

recognition of his

as a raiser

cultivator of these beautiful plants.

S.

Gratrix,
little

interesting

Whalley Range (gr. Mr. G. Cypher), staged group, to which a Bronze Medal was awarded, also Fi
Esq.,

class Certificates of

Cypripedium X Minos

var.

Youngii and C.

aim

54
var. var.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Great Rex, and Awards of Merit to C.

[February,

1904..

X Lathamianum West

Point

and C. X Lathamo-Thompsoni. Mrs. Gratrix showed a well-shapad and distinctly marked form of Odontoglossum crispnm called Geo. Cypher, which the Committee desired'
G.

to see again.

W.

Law-Schoiield, Esq., Rawtenstall

(gr.

Mr.

Schill),

obtained a

Bronze Medal for a good group, and an Award of Merit X Euryades New Hall Hey var.

for

Cypripedium

W.
Medal

Laverton, Esq., Victoria Park, Manchester, also received a Bronze

for

a small group,

and an Award of Merit

(gr.

for

Cypripedium

Lathamianum

Redcliffe var.

A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden

Mr. Bailey), sent the handsome

Odontoglossum crispum Marie.

Messrs. Charlesworth

&

Co., Heaton, Bradford, sent a choice group, to

which a Silver Medal was given, also First-class Certificates to Cypripedium. X Dora Crawshaw and Odontoglossum X Wilckcanum Alexandras, and an

Award

of Merit to Miltonia

Cognianxiae.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Lochristi, Ghent, received a Bronze Medal for a small group, and a First-class Certificate for the handsome Odontoglossum

Vuylstekei per cultum.

Messrs.

Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, obtained a Bronze Medal for a J. small group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium X Charlesianum. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, also staged a small group of Orchids, to which a Bronze Medal was awarded. Four other small groups were staged by Messrs. John Cowan 6c Co.. Gateacre, A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, D. McLeod, Chorlton, and J. Robson, Altrincham, in each case a Vote of Thanks being accorded.

Cypripedium ixsigxe,

in

Thos. Crosswell, gardener at

Small Pots. Calling the other day on Mr. " Homewood," Beckenham, I was shown six
The
I

plants in gin. pots carrying foliage one ward through, as perfect in form as
a well-dressed

chrysanthemum bloom.

flowers were large and wellfifty-eight, three

developed, averaging about fifty the one

counted gave

being twins.
a

grow out from the foliage in natural manner, giving a circumference of 12ft. These plants have not
are not staked, but
for eight or nine years,
fertiliser,

The blooms

been potted
six plants

consequently they are fed on

farm

drainage, Clay's

soot water,

and guano weak and

some

often.

These
a

occupy the whole of one side of a span-roofed house, furnishing

;

supply of choice cut flowers for a long period

pots are carrying nine good

useful plants in

qijin..

blooms. M.

W.

in

Journal of Horticulture.

I'ihruarv, .904/

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

55

ORCHIDS FROM GATTON PARK.

A
m-AlTll'Ll- series of

Dendrobium

flowers

is

sent

from the collection of

Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park. Reigate, by Mr. Bound, cut from the brilliant group exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting on January 2(>th, to which
a

Gold Medal was awarded.

Among

the
a

forms of
very

I),

nobile

sent

are

varieties elegans,

Hallianum. Ashworthia-.

tine

white with small

lip,

rosy tips to the segments, and a

very dark

maroon blotch on the

gattonense, less white than the preceding, and the well-known Cookson-

the
is

Woodhatch

variety has remarkably broad

Moments.
1).
I).

I).

X Rubens
is

represented by three very tine forms, called pulcherrimum. ma^nificum

latter

and elegans, the

being very rich

I),

in

colour.

X Snowtlake

said
is

to be hybrid between

nobile albiflorum and

latter.

Cassiopc, and
1).

X Schneiderianum, D. X Cybele and var. giganteum, D. X Juno, D. X Curtisii, D. X euosmum, D. X Pitcherianum, and three forms of D. X
beautiful form most

resembling the

Other hue things are

Ellisii,

the whole series affording evidence of excellent culture.

very fine inflorescence of

Cymbidium grandiflorum iHookerianum),

is

over zh feet long, and bearing eleven flowers

also sent.

It

is

the finest

of the Asiatic species, and has the reputation of being shy flowering, and

even when the spikes are developed the flowers sometimes go

expanding.
In
this

off

without
the
in-

every

flower

is

perfectly

developed, and

floresence very handsome.

We may

also

add that

flue

group was exhibited

Silver-gilt

at

the

R.H.S.

meeting on December 15th. and gained a

Flora Medal, though

included a brilliant series of deciduous Calanthes, together with some good

Cypripediums, the beautiful Lycaste Skinneri alba, and other

fine things.

Buttonhole. In a greenhouse belonging to the Thames Conservancy, in their Kew depot, is a flourishing Orchid which
Romaxci:
01

is

looked upon by botanists as a rare curiosityofficial at

The

flower

was worn

in

the buttonhole of an
ago, and

a Masonic entertainment

over seven years

away in a withering condition, when a gardener asked for it. The flower was taken in hand with a view to resuscitation, and the ingenious gardener bound up the stem of the flower with copper wire, fixing it on to virgin cork, and covering up the cut stem with sphagnum moss. To the surprise of everyone, the dying stem revived, and is at the present time in a flourishing state. It is one of the very rare instances of a cut Orchid forming for itself a new root. Gardening World.
was about
to be cast

January

23,

1904.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

R.H.S.
ing
ciety

[Fi

ORCHID COMMITTEE.
the

constitute
for

Orchid Committee of the

year.

the

current

(New Members

x,

J.

W., The
1

H.
ER,

T., Rossi

ett, H. M.,
J.

WILSOI

e, F. J.,

The Gap
x\myand
1

ies, R. G., 23, CI

H.
,

A.,

^lev, Is

\x< is. W"- -tn.

1.1.

Woking.

W. W.

H., Burford

Lodge Gardens, Dorking

Gardens. Last Sheen

H., Clare

Lawn

4-j

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

EPIPENDRUM

PRISMATOCARPUM.

it

flowered in the

with Messrs.

Hugh
lip,

Rowers; having pale greenish yellow sepals and petals, more or less spotted

with purple, and a trulliform acute

rose-purple in colour tipped with

58

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

a very striking species, and very effective

yellow, and bearing a pair of rounded whitish auric

is

when

well

THE HYBRIDIST.
Paphiopedilum

Victorinus. Two

forms

of
2

between Paphiopedilum insigne punctato-violaceum

handsome hybrid and P. X Calypso

Young, Esq.,

Oakwood

var.

<?

are sent from the collection of Reginald

(gr.

Sefton Park, Liverpool

Mr. Poyntz).

They have

retained
is

much

of the

general character of the seed parent, but the dorsal sepal

for

white, except

a small light green area at the base, and heavily blotched

these being modified
lip
all

with dark

purple,

to

purple brown on the green area.

The

staminode, petals and

bear a general resemblance to those of the

seed bearer, though in one flower they are

much

paler than in the other.

The

pollen parent
is

was derived from

in

P. Spicerianum

and P.
is

Boxallii, but

their influence

not very obvious

the

new

hybrid, and

chiefly seen in

A
ed from P. Vi

hybrid from

the

sa

the influence
L.*:lia

x
brid from

have received the

inflorescence

M.

:h

of the shape and

lbs are in the

way

of

.nd the leaf 7 inches

FOLLEN OF PAPHIOPEDILUM
a parent. o
'.

NIOBE.
With
this object

may add

it

is

in

robust health.

blooms of

P. Charlesworthii, in

each case using both pollen

Niobe

to

each flower.

also crossed

blooms of

P. insigne

laceum, and P. insigne BaUiae, using four pollen

masses of

1111:

each flower.
a few

In no
after the

weeks

<

iolaceum, and one with P. insigne

lass,
s

Win.
I

Millie

in

each instance.

In addition.

crossed the b

fP. X Niobe with two pollen mass,, from a flow kantcum. G. S. Hall's variety. As far as can be
uvcssful. the pods appearing t" he perfectly sound.

P.

X Niobe

should prove surh

failure,

Probal

X Niobe pollen has noticed how ha and perhaps this may account to a great extt 'aphiopedilums X Norma, X Pelops, and X Priam s instances in which P. X Niobe has been recorded
ttempted to use
:,
1

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.
Lvcaste Skixneki is a very useful decorative plant at this season, but is not grown so extensively as its merits deserve. Four very handsome forms are sent from the collection of J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge). One has blush pink sepals, and rose-coloured
petal-, while the lip

has a rose-coloured blotch on the front and side lobes.

second
in

is

paler throughout

and has scarcely

L.

a trace of pink on the lip,

while
sepals.

the third the petals and lip are only a shade darker than the

The

fourth

is

the chaste

Skinneri alba, and forms a very

charming contrast with the other three forms.

that he cannot understand

Mr. Bradshaw remarks

why

the species

is

not

unless

it is

that the flowers bruise so easily.

It is

more commonly grown,. certainly very handsome,

do not stand up above

and

easily cultivated, but the fact that the flowers

the foliage tells

somewhat against it. Another large and very handsome form

lip

is

sent from the collection of

A. E. Bainbridge, Esq., of Newcastle-on-Tyne, by Mr. Bell.

The

petals

and

are of a very rich purple-rose almost throughout, and contrast very

effectively with the blush pink sepals.

These very handsome forms of the same species are sent from the collection of Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, by Mr. Alexander.
One, called variety atrosanguinea, has the
lip

of the richest purple-crimson

throughout, except the yellow crest, the petals rose-pink, with darker veins*

and the sepals blush pink

a very handsome

form.

flower of the beauti-

60
ful

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Ladio-cattleya

February, 1904.]
sent,

X Cappei

var.

Afterglow

is

also

from a spike
full

bearing thirteen flowers, which must have presented a fine sight, the

expanse of the one sent being over

six inches.

A
like

flower of

Paphiopedilum

X Chamber-Leeanum
is

is

sent

from the
It
is

collection of Reginald

Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool.

most

the Chamberlainianum parent, but

considerably modified in shape,

the parents of P.
It

X Leeanum.

Young flowered a plant of Paphiopedilum X Maudiae in November last, and in December he cut the flower, and placed it in a tube of water in the same house, after which it
be interesting to note that Mr.

may

remained

in

perfection for over a month.

It

would appear that

it

is

good thing

for cutting, like

many

of

its allies.

A
is

particularly large and

sent from the collection

handsome flower of Paphiopedilum X Aphrodite of F. M. Burton, Esq., Highneld, Gainsborough.

and most resembles

-albida
is

P.

Lawrenceanum.
E.
().

sent by Mr.

Orpet, So.

Lancaster, Mass.,

U
1;

;ape

somewhat

recalls Laelia albida, except that the flowers are

It is

a very pleasing light rose shade.

a very beautiful hybrid.

PAPHIOPEDILUMS FROM BURY.

the characters of the latter, of which

we regard
P.

it

to be a

ve

handsome form,
is

the

petals

and dorsal sepal

being very

bro

latter well suffused with purple at the base.

nitens Ark

a very good form of this hybrid, while P.

Sallieri

aureun
'

Mons. de Curte are too well-known

to require description.

blotched, and the petals broad and richly coloured.

P.

Spicerianum shows a considerable return to the

all

latter species,

trace

of spotting in the dorsal sepal, while

P.

X Leea

KIIRUARY,

9 C 4 .]

THE
P.

ORC/I.

much
and

like a

form of P.

x Leeanum
1

the dorsal sepal.

lip

X Crossianum

very richly coloured, and

the

Lastly,

may

be mentioned two good

variety atrorubens being very dark and

ODONTOGLOSSUM

LOOCHRISTIENSE

cover about half the area of the segments

while the

last

is

very heavil

blotched and remarkable for being very evenly distributed over the flowe

them are very beautiful. Mr. Stevens states that a number seedlings are showing for flower, one of them actually being flowering fror the first bulb. We shall hope to see and hear more of them in due tinu Our readers will, of course, remember the illustration of the group of 60
All

of

Vegetable CuRios.-At Club held on November 10th

by
Mr.

the usual monthly dinner of the Horticultural

last,

a paper bearing the above

title

was read

G.

S.

Saunders, F.L.S., and the paper was rendered the more

drawings of specimens which had come under Mr. Saunders" personal

notice.

considerable

number
of

of these represented curious divergences

from the normal structure

Cypripedium flowers, which appear peculiarly

of

prone to their production, the various parts

the

flower

appearing

the large majority of cases the modifications can be traced as mere change
of form of normal parts,

and

rarely as actual additions.

In these

cases of

simple malformation, the peculiarity was almost invariably confined to the

individual plant, or even the individual flower
;

and although recurrent

cases were cited, they seemed, as a

the seed.
It

rule,

incapable of reproduction through

was

also pointed out that similar eccentricity

was much

rarer

62
in leaves

THE ORCHID
many abnormal

A7-J //.//.

than in flowers, due, presumably, to the

the parts of the latter,

to

forms of whi

more

or less reversion to the primary leaf type.

NOTES.
Two
Drill

meetings of
Hall,

the Royal

Horticultt

and 23rd,

Buckingham Gate, Westminst when the Orchid Committee

12 o'clock noon.

The

Manchester and North

of

Eng

We
Annual

have received the 1904 issue of One and All Gardening, a popular
for

Amateurs, Allotment Holders, and Working Gardeners, being

the ninth of the series, edited by

illustrated,

Edward Owen Greening.

It

is

profusel)

and we

iind a short article devoted to the culture of

Dendrobium

infundibulum.

In an article entitled "

Hon. H. A. Stanhope, we
are

Plants of Shakespere," by the find a reference to " Long purples." These

Some

the

Orchis mascula, with the flowers of varying pink and purple

shades, a plant to be found in moist sheltered spots.

American Gardening states that " fire in a boiler room of the Orchid house at Shaw's Botanic Garden on November 7th destroyed collections o:
rare

and valuable plants.

The

glass

roofs of the hothouses cracked and

gave way under the intense heat, fragments falling on the rare plants
finishing the

am

undone by the flames. Quickly as possible the garden attaches were organized into a salvage corps, and set to wort carrying the finest plants from the buildings. Thousands were saved ir this way, but others, many of which may never be replaced, went up ir smoke. Orchids, specimen Palms, Persian Cacti and others were includee in the list of destroyed. The fire was finally checked, but not until aboui 10,000 dols. damage was done from the standpoint of architectural loss
left

work of ruination

The loss

in botanical

specimens

is

beyond the measuring power of money."

late

An
-old
left

excellent

photograph of the
in

M. Godefroy Lebeuf, who was

ai

Kewite, appears

the issue of the Journal of

frontispiece of the

Kew
is

Guild for 1903.

He

Kew

in

1872.

The

work

a photograph of

Mr
the

W.

B. Latham, another old Kewite,

who

has recently retired from

after

curatorship of the

Birmingham Botanic Garden,

over

35 years

February, ,yo 4 .J
service.

THE ORCHID REVIEW

well

He

is

known

as the raise r ofCypri]

and C.

X Deedmani anum.
last

The

issue
des

Messrs.

Cogniai: ix and
ares es

G<
following

Dictionnaire

On
,

of tli the

Orchids:

Angra_cum
manii, C.
cattleva

nlicornu,

Brassia verrucosa

Calanthe

eratrifolia. (\elogyn.

speciosa var. albicai is,

C. pandurata,

.'ypripediu

X Leeanum. Dendrobium Lowii. Epidrndrum p< .lybulbon, La.lioX Frederick Hoyle var. Kerchovia.-, Phaius alhus, Selenipedium

nitidissimum and Stanhopra Pan^lasseana.

We
tion

observe that American Florist

for

December

toth
"

last

contains an

illustration of a fine

example of Phalaenops is " amabilis

St.

from the colk-c(p.

of Dr.

Paul Schiffman,

Paul,

Minn., U.S.A.

793).

It

is

evidently the Philippine plant

P. amabilis of

now known

as P. Aphrodite, not

the original

Plume.

The

effect of the

unfortunate confusion between the

lost.

Malayan and Philippine plants has not yet been

Cattleya

Dowiana

(pp. 838, 839),

from the collection of A. Hallstrom,

Esq..,

The current volume of the Botanical Magazine opens with two plates of the remarkable and handsome Cymbidium rhodochilum, Rolfe (tt. 7932 7933), one of them showing a reduced drawing of the whole plant, the other Commenting on the collector's the apex of the inflorescence, natural size. statement that it always grows on masses of Platycerium, Mr. Hemsley
remark- that "
is
it is

not unusual for one epiphyte to grow on another, but

it

rare for the associated plants to be constantly the same.''

The

history of

the plant was given at pa^e 1S4 of our tenth volume.

There

is

also a plate of Arethusa sinensis, Rolfe

in the collection of

it.

7935), from a plant

It
is

which flowered

H.
is

J.

Elwes, Esq.

an interesting
for

addition to a small genus, which

remarkable

in its distribution

an

Orchid, having one North American, two Central American, one Japanese,

and one Chinese

species.

The Orchid Stud Book.

We

have received numerous enquiries

full

respecting this work, and hoped to have been able to give

details thi:

month, but regret that we were not able to get them read}- in time. W< hope that our readers will recognise the difficulties entailed in the work and excuse a little unavoidable delay, which no one regrets more that

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[February,

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Arethusa sinensis, Rolfe.Bot. Mag., t. 7,935. Cattleva Duchesnei. Rev. Hort., Beige, 1904, p. 3, with plate. Caxtleya Mendelii Lackneri. Gartenflora, 1903. Cymbidium rhodochilum, Rolfe. Bot. Mag., tt. 7,932, 7,933.

:o,

with

ith fig.

lhon,

Kl'^'A.- --(jciiiniji,

K)03,

p.

449,

*S

Rchb.

f.Gartenfl.,

1003,

p.

4^0,

1904,

i.,

p. 83,

with

titf.

CORRESPONDENCE.

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MARCH,

191

ORCHID REVIEW:
Bn 3Uustrate&
flfoontbly

3omnal

of GDrtbtt>oio0&

Contents.

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Maul)

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ehm
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is

season I'h.mis Hiumei llernaysii I'latvi linis -luniai ea var. valida .ti^. iS) SaccoUbium violareum var. Harrisonihiils in

"it 1^!

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THE ORCHID REVIEW.

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.
numerous readers are taking an interest in the forthcoming Orchid Sitd-Bhok, and in answer to enquiries from various correspondents we cannot do better than give some particulars as to the scope and arrangement of the work. The aim of the compilers has been to provide a record of the Orchid
are pleased to find that

We

hybrids that have already been raised, and a guide to the literature of the
subject
:

at

the

same time providing a standard of nomenclature on a

divided into two parts.

The work
is

is

In Part

I.

the species and hybrids

used as parents are enumerated,

ally arranged), followed

in alphabetical sequence,
it

and under each

given the various kinds with which

has been crossed (also alphabetic-

by the name of the resulting hybrid. A corresponding entry is, of course, given under the second parent, and thus one can see at a glance the different kinds with which any given species has been crossed, and also find the name of the hybrid as readily as one can
Part
II.

contains an alphabetical arrangement of the various hybrids

in

under their adopted names, these, of course, agreeing with those given

The information respecting them is arranged as follows adopted name (2) the parentage (3) the original publication
Part
I.
;
;

(i)

the
(4)

with
(5)

references to figures or other important additional information

raiser or exhibitor; (6) the date of appearance,
different

the

and

(7)

the

synonymy (when
In a few cases

names have been applied

to the

same

hybrid).

critical or
It

explanatory notes have been added.

might appear that the carrying out of the work under such a system

would be a very simple matter, but in practice it has been quite the reverse. In some cases the parents are either unknown or unrecorded

some being

stray seedlings

in others the records are obviously

erroneous

or contradictory,

and

it

has been a matter of the greatest

difficulty to

know

where some of them should be placed. An example which was given at Owing to page 324 of our tenth volume, affords a good illustration of this.


66
this difficulty
it

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

[March, 1904.

possible that a few of the records included

may

require

amendment

in the future,

but a few of the more doubtful, together with

those of which the parentage could not be ascertained, have been omitted
for the present.

multiplicity

of

names

for

the same hybrid has also given

much

trouble, but this has been got

over by classifying hybrids of identical

of them

parentage as forms of one.

varieties,

Some

may

be regarded as distinct
to

others

mere synonyms, but

we have made no attempt

distinguish them.

Where
make

plants have been figured as distinct varieties,

however, the names have been included.

We
raised

have

tried to

the

work

as complete as possible, but there

may

be omissions, and

we have reason

to believe that certain hybrids have been

hope that raisers will send in particulars of It is these, also of any errors which they may detect in the records. highly important that these should be as correct and complete as possible, and in order to prevent them from again falling into error we intend to

and not recorded.

We

publish the additions in monthly supplements in our pages, uniform with

the arrangement adopted in part
2,

these to be incorporated

in

second

edition of the work, should such be called for.

It

was intended

to include the

January additions

in

the present issue,

and they have been got together for the purpose, but as they are not very numerous, and would be in advance of the work itself, they are held over
for a short time.

The work has

an

entailed

numerous

difficulties,

but

we hope

its

accom-

plishment, and the arrangements for recording future additions, will prove
effectual solution of

hope to receive

what has proved a very embarrassing question. We the active support and assistance of our readers in the

matter, and beg to call their attention to the circular enclosed with the

drobiums and Ammonia. From the success I have ha Dendrobiums in Pine, Melon, and other houses, where
of the heat
is

derived from fermenting

is

that an

ammoniated atmosphere

of the greatest benefit to them

although one can hardly introduce beds of leaves or manure into the Orchid house, yet much may be done by damping with liquid manure or soot
water, sprinkling a

and lime about where drip will reach it and cause a constant supply of ammonia to be given off, or by placing sulphate
little

soot

of

ammonia

iu the

heating troughs.

The

result will

soon be seen in the

increased health of the plants,

the leaves taking on a deeper green.

H. R. H.,

in

Journal of Horticulture.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ORCHIDS AT KEW.
There at Kew
is

a remarkably brilliant display of flowers in the

Orchid houses
in great

at the present time, in

which Dendrobiums, Cattleyas, Phaius, and

nobile,
effeel

Calanthe Regnieri play a leading part, the former especially being

profusion.

Of
is

these D.

Wardianum, D.
in

and the numerous hybrids

come

first

in point of

numbers, and the

these plants produce

when

well-flowered

well

known,

fact the scene is duplicated in

hundreds

of collections throughout the country at the present time.

Other beautiful

forms

now

flowering freely are D. primulinum, in several good examples,

D. Findlayanum, D. crassinode, the delicately-coloured D. luteolum, D. Williamsoni, D. superbiens, D. infundibulum, D. aureum, the natural hybrid D. X Pitcherianum, and various artificial hybrids, among which D. X Ainsworthii and its varieties, D. X Dominianum, D. Curtisii, the
fragrant

D.

endocharis,

D.

chrysodiscus, and

D.

X Wardiano-

japonicum are conspicuous. The genus Phaius is well represented by good examples of P. "Wallichii, P. grandifolius, and P. Blumei, the clear yellow variety of the latter called
var.

Bernaysii forming a very effective contrast

with the type.

The

beautiful
in

Madagascar species P. tuberculosus and P. simulans are also both bloom, and it is interesting to note the great diversity in habit, and
In the same house with the preceding

remarkable similarity in their flowers.

may

be seen a number of other

showy

some well-flowered plants of the graceful Platyclinis glumacea, and several rarities, of which latter a few particulars may be
things,

interesting.
erect

Cynorchis villosa
of very villous

is

a very pretty Orchis-like plant, having

was Oncidium macropetalum introduced from Madagascar by M. Warpur. is a pretty little species of the O. barbatum group which is seldom seen in Spiranthes cultivation, and is remarkable for its relatively large petals.
spikes

purple flowers

with a white

lip.

It

plantaginea

is

a Brazilian species bearing several spikes of small green

lip,

and beside it is another species having pale The allied Pelexia flesh-coloured flowers whose identity seems uncertain. Calanthe olivacea has larger greenish flowers and variegated leaves. rubens alba is a pure white variety of a species of the vestita group allied
flowers with a white
to C. Regnieri.

Lastly

may be mentioned

Maxillaria sanguinea, a most

lip,

elegant

little

plant of the M. gracilis group, having a bright crimson

freely.
little

Near by is a brilliant Cattleya amethystoglossa and C. Lawrenceana.

and now flowering

hybrid derived from

In the Cattleya house are

many forms

of C. Trianae and C. Schrcederae,

producing a

fine display, also

examples of C. Loddigesii, a good Laelia

Leptotes bicolor, the interest-

Jongheana, and the

brilliant L. harpophylla,

68

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

X

[March, 1904.

ing natural hybrid Brassocattleya

as E. Wallisii,

Lindleyana, and several Epidendrums,

E. elongatum album, the bright yellow E. xanthinum,

E.

O'Brienianum, E.

kewense, E. variegatum, and E.

Endresio-

good example of Ccelogyne lentiginosa, some good C. cristata, Maxillaria picta, M. variabilis and its yellow variety unipunctata, in good examples, Oncidium pulvinatum and O. porrigens, Pleione humilis, Cymbidium elegans, the violet-purple Odontoglossum
Wallisii.

There

is

also a

Edwardii, and the pretty Ornithidium coccineum.

In the Cool House various species of Odontoglossum
are in
flower,

which need not be enumerated, also Restrepia guttulata, R. erythroxantha, and a good example of R. striata, Stelis tristyla, S. Miersii, and several
Masdevallias.

There are

also

good examples of Cymbidium Lowianum

and Dendrobium speciosum, one of the latter bearing as many as twelve racemes, and two good plants of the remarkable Pleurothallis Roezlii,
bearing an aggregate of eight of
purple flowers.
its

drooping racemes of dark, blackish

Vandarum, on a raft, is also producing Cynorchis compacta is a gem from Natal, of nine racemes of flowers. which a nice batch of plants may be seen, grown in three pots. The flowers are pure white, and the plants are only some four to six inches high,
plant of Aerides

and

remind one of small Orchises.

green flowers.

Amblostoma
There
is

tridactyla

is

a small

Epidendrum-like plant, and Goodyera procera, an Indian

narrow, erect spikes of
also an

species,

has

example of the

South African Polystachya pubescens, Lycaste Skinneri,

In
the

Sec.

house devoted largely to Cypripedes,

may
and

be seen the old

its

Chinese Goodyera repens in flower, Saccolabium violaceum and

variety Harrisonianum,

white

Phakenopsis Stuartiana,
rare Paphiopedilums are

several

Phragmo-

pedilums, while

among

examples of P. nigritum,

meeting of the Cardiff Gardeners' Association took place at the Grand Hotel on Tuesday, January 26th, Mr. H. R. Farmer presiding. Mr. E. \V.

Davy
history

delivered a lecture entitled

" Orchids,"

dealing

largely

with the
also

and adventures of collectors

strongly to adapt the

in various

part of the world,

defining in general the natural habits of the various genera.

He recom-

mended

mode

of cultivation as near to that as possible

native
climes.

So much was the lecture appreciated that Mr. Davy was asked to repeat the same at another The lecturer had brought with him date, to be arranged for that purpose. fifty hand-painted sheets representing various types of Orchids by way of
which they invariably enjoy
in their

illustrating his discourse.

The

best thanks of the meeting were accorded

Mr.

Davy. J.

J., in

Journal of Horticulture.

March,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

D.

69

DENDROBIUM CYMBIDIOIDES AND

It appears that there are two

TRIFLORUM.
under the name of

allied plants in cultivation

Dendrobium cymbidioides, and when I was at Glasnevin last year they were pointed out to me by Mr. Moore, and although not then in flower it was easy to see that they were distinct. Both are now flowering together, which enables the matter to be cleared up. They belong to the section Sarcopodium, which is characterised by its ovoid diphyllous pseudobulbs.
D. CYMBIDIOIDES appeared
follows
in cultivation
(t.

about

fifty
its

years ago, and was

figured in the Botanical Magazine

4755),

when

history

was ^iven

as

: " A

plant very

little

known,
It

either in our gardens or herbaria, of

which we received
Nursery,

living specimens from Messrs. Rollisson, of the

Tooting

without any name.

proves to be the Desmotrichum cym-

bidioides of Blume, native of the lofty

wooded mountains
all

of

Salak

in Java, a

genus of that author of which

the species

Gede and have, we

think with propriety, by Dr. Lindley, been incorporated with or restored to

Dendrobium.
this

Dr. Lindley had indeed seen no specimens

but drawings of
allied species,
its

were sent to him by Professor Reinwardt, and of a closely

triflorum,
'

Desmotrichum
threes.' "

scarcely differing from this, but in

uniformly

tetragonal pseudobulbs and cream-coloured flowers always appearing in

figure of the species also appears in Miquel's Choix dcs Plantes

D. triflorum has remained an almost unknown species down to the

present time, but on comparing the plants sent to
find that one of

Kew by

Mr. Moore,

except as to

them agrees with the drawing sent by Reinwardt to Lindley, the number of flowers, and also that it is the D. cymbidioides
Citron.,

of most gardens, having been twice figured as such (Gard.

i.

1896,
it

p. 581,

fig.

90; and

Cogn. Did. Orch.,

Dendrob.,

t.

17),

and that

when it flowered both with Mr. Moore and with M. Van Imschoot, at Ghent. The latter stated that he had received it from Mr. Witte, of Leyden, under the name of " Ccelogyne
has been
in cultivation since at least 1889,

ocellata var., Java," but whether this represents

its

original introduction

is,

Although nearly
marked.

allied,

the differences between the two plants are very

D. cymbidioides has short elliptical leaves, greenish yellow sepals and petals, and the lip nearly white, with about four dull purple stripes on the side lobes, and the front lobe broadly ovate, with a bright yellow area
at
its

base and in front of the crest.

leaves,

D. triflorum has oblong, much longer

straw yellow sepals and petals,
the

and narrower

much narrower
The

side lobes of the lip almost wholly dull purple,

and the

front

lobe

much
plants.

longer and narrower.

crests are also quite different in the

two

They

are both

handsome

species, with

very

little

of the

appearance of

7o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

pollinia are those of the latter genus.

[March,

1904.-

Dendrobium, though the

The
is

flowers-

bear a considerable general resemblance to Cymbidium, especially to the

Australian species, and thus the specific name, cymbidioides,
appropriate.
sufficiently

D. triflorum, however,
vary
in

is

not well named, for the flowers

number from two to six, according to the strength of the pseudobulbs. The coloured drawing sent by Reinwardt to Lindley shows a three-flowered raceme, but that was evidently
on the raceme
a

mere

accident,

for

such

is

also

the

case

with

the

drawing

of

D. cymbidioides, which sometimes produces as

a raceme.

many

as eight flowers on

R. A. Rolfe.

ODONTOGLOSSUM FACETUM.
Odontoglossum facetum
p. 563),
is

an interesting and beautiful plant, which was

Chron.,
i.,

described by Reichenbach over twenty years ago (Gard.

1881,

but which has been subsequently almost

it

lost sight of.

have
to

never been able to ascertain what

find that
it

really
lost.

was, and

am

the

more pleased

has not been completely

plant has just flowered in the

collection of Sir Frederick

Wigan,

Bart., Clare

Lawn, East Sheen, and

the

inflorescence has been sent to

it

Kew

for preservation.

Mr. Young states that

was purchased at the sale of the Tautz collection about fourteen years ago, and I have little doubt that it came from the original stock. Reichenbach remarked: " This is an unusually fine thing, quite a dandy among the supposed hybrid Odontoglossums, whence I deduced the name.

You cannot
Bull's

look too

much
As
to

at

it

to

see

its

elegance,
It

its

remarkable

undulations, fine teeth, lovely keels, and rich fringes.

stabtlimento."
its

characters,

he

came from Mr. observed: "This has

lanceolate straight

sepals,

like
like

those of the old Odontoglossum luteo-

purpureum, or even more

those of O. mulus, light yellow, with very

large rather cinnamon-coloured blotches.

The

petals are lanceolate, straight r

with numerous fine teeth, light yellow, covered with

numerous
short,

smallfinely

cinnamon-coloured

blotches.

The

lip is

almost
It

circular,

fringed, convolute, undulate, light yellow.

keels, intermediate as
it

has a radiating semicircle of

were between those of O. Hallii and O. tripudians,.

the anterior ones being blades with numerous fringes, including a single

shallow keel, the side ones

four on
is

each side

shorter, lower, acute,

with,

a few dorsal teeth.

very multifid wings.

There

a horseshoe-formed brown marking in front of

the keel, and some brown spots on and between them.

If a guess

The column has

this tO'

were permitted one might believe

be

hybrid

between O.
lip

Hallii

and luteopurpureum, or

tripudians.
Hallii."

The

and

its

keel are very

much

like

and those organs in O*

Hallii

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

So
its

far as the

above description goes the plant

now
its

sent agrees in every

it

particular,

and

have no doubt that

in
its

it is

correct, but

is

no wonder that

identity has been

doubt.

In

addition to

rarity,

and the

total

absence of a clue to
1

habitat,
for

we have
Hallii
is

suggestions of parentage that are

a

absolutely

impossible,

O.

native

of Ecuador, while

O.

tripudians and O. luteopurpureum

come from

several

hundred miles further

Hallii,

north in Columbia.

cannot trace any resemblance to O.

evidently out of the question.

and an
is

Ecuadorean habitat
reference to
its size,

is

Then

there

no

and no one reading the above remarks would expect to find a small flower scarcely z\ inches in expanse from tip to tip of the petals, as is the one now sent yet the plant is strong and healthy, and bears an
:

inflorescence of ten flowers.

The
I

best comparison
I

can make

is

with a
it

small form of O. sceptrum, and

believe that

have- previously

passed

over as such, but the specimen

is

not available for comparison at the present

it

moment.
still

Apart from

size,

however,

is

a most elegant

little
it.

plant,

and

quite justifies the eulogies uttered by Reichenbach respecting

But there

remains the question as to what it really is, and here I feel a difficulty I cannot see what combination of species would produce such a hybrid, and have a suspicion that it may be a local form most allied to O. sceptrum.

The latter, crossed with O. Hunnewellianum, should produce a hybrid much like this in size and colour, but there is no trace of the entire column
wings of the

and the shape of the segments would probably have been broader and rounder. Perhaps when the plant is again imported, and something is known about its habitat, and the species, if any, with which
latter,
it

grows,

it

may

be possible to form some better idea as to

its

precise

R. A. Rolfe.

Ada AURANTIACA. This Orchid may The bright orange-coloured blossoms are
and contrast
value,

any cool, moist house. greatly admired during the month,

in
It
is

be grown

strikingly with the other occupants in the Cool house.

a colour infrequently met with amongst Orchids, which fact increases

its

and makes it worthy of a place in every collection. When well grown it amply rewards attention bestowed upon it by a wealth of its telling flowers. The cultural details are simple in character one to be

observed

is

that

it

resents

annual disturbance, and

clean

for this

reason the
clean

potting should be done with thoroughness,

pots,

equally

drainage, and enough space being allowed for root development to last the
plants at least two seasons.

When
in

well established, water freely

all

the

year round, and place in a position where a moist atmosphere can be

maintained.

W. F. Gooch,

Journal of Horticulture,

72

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[March,

1904.

ORCHID HYBRIDISING IN FLORIDA.

We
"

have previously had some very interesting notes of hybridising oper-

ations in the collection of T. L. Mead, Esq., Oviedo, Florida, and

now

Mr. Mead sends another very interesting note, as follows

I

hybrids Cattleyas, Lselio-cattleyas and Dendrobiums started outdoors on a mossy magnolia trunk, which have endured the buffets of outrageous weather this winter in the most astonishing manner. About one hundred plants came from mixed seed planted last July. The trunk is nearly horizontal, and I put a cheese-cloth screen ever it to keep the rains from washing the seeds Otherwise they were away. unprotected, and there has been hardly any mortality among them, though the thermometer has been down in the thirties, at sunrise, for weeks at a time, and not infrequently below 32 About and even as low as 28
have had
a
lot

of

little

seventy-five per cent, of similar plants protected in the greenhouse perished,

but these outsiders seem perfectly happy.

When

weeks of drought come

varieties intercrossed,
likely several

they shrivel up, and then plump up again as good as ever after the next
rain.

The Dendrobiums must be mostly D. X Niobe

lot,

but the Cattleyas, &c, are a miscellaneous

most

L*lia

among them, as that is a hardy species. Perhaps Orchid babies do not like so much coddling as we think they do. " Quite a number of pretty hybrids have bloomed with me during the
purpurata crosses
past year.

Cattleya Schilleriana crossed with C. intermedia and with C.

Loddigesii (both from the same pod), also C. Schilleriana

X maxima,

C.

Bowringiana

Forbesii,

two very handsome examples of C. Leopoldi X

Gaskelliana, and a specimen without record, but probably C. Leopoldi

Laslia tenebrosa.
I

have now a C. Trianae

Percivaliana in bloom, just

in

ten years from seed.

The
it

plant grew very

at the

little

the

first

seven years

was only two or three inches high

remaining three years

end of that time, but during the has made two bulbs a year, grown vigorously, and

bloomed from both the bulbs of 1903. Planted January 1894, bloomed January 1904. If the cross has not yet been named I think would be euphonious, and would be suggestive to anyone who wished to remember the parentage. C. X Adela is the name of this hybrid. Ed.
;

"

have been trying photography again

of

after

dropping the

art

almost
life

entirely for

ten years, and have had good successes in

making
to

size

records

my

recent

hybrids.
I

intend
it is

hereafter

take

similar picture of every hybrid that

bloom, as

very

little

trouble,

and the

expense
It

is

hardly worth considering

when one has

the camera and lens.

seems a pity that every named flower should not be thus recorded, and a print deposited with the Orchid Review for future reference."
T. L. Mead.

9 c 4 .]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

PLATYCLINIS GLUMACEA VAR. VALIDA.

The
species of Platyclinis are

among

the most graceful of spring-flower

Orchids,

and are moreover very

easily cultivated, so that

good specimens
is

several of the species are frequently

met with.

P.

glumacea

one of

known, and produces pendulous racemes of greenish white flowi which are distichously arranged on the inflorescence, as shown in
best
illustration.

The
variety
It

latter represents

a particularly strong-growing vara

known

as

valida,

and

differing
at

from the type

first

in

having mi

broader leaves.

was described

page 115 of our

volur

at

which time

it

was known from

it

at leas

hree different collections, but

it

afterwards came out that

had then

beei

Wrigley,

Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, for

original introduction do no

nown in the collection of O. O. me eight years, and the circum-

;em to have been recorded. In stances of its known as P. latifolia, c btless owing to its broad leaves, fact it was at first The specimen here T :t belongs to a quite distinct plant. but this name flowered in that collection, and its graceful cha figured

shown

in

the photograph.

It

is

a native of the Philir

Isl-

74

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[March,

1904,.

the species require similar treatment, and are found to thrive in the East

Indian or Cattleya House, grown in well-drained pots or pans, in a compost

of fibrous peat

and sphagnum moss.

They should be

potted immediately

after flowering, just as they begin to

like a plentiful

grow, and during active growth they

supply of water, but the amount should be diminished at

other seasons, taking care, however, not to

plants will suffer.

them become dry, or the The annexed specimen had been steadily grown on for
let

ten years from a small plant.

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MARCH.

By John Mackay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham.

The

temperature for the month of March should be kept near the following

Day, 6o night, 50 to 55 Intermediate House. Day, 65 night, 55 Warm House. Day, 70 night, 6o to
Cool House.
; .

to 6o.

65.

The temperatures
sunny weather a

given above are suitable for

fire

heat alone, but during

rise of the

thermometer

will necessarily follow,

is

which

will

be advantageous to the plants generally, providing there

of fire heat at the

not an excess

same time.

Sometimes the sun makes

its

appearance

suddenly during the early part of the day, when the hot water pipes are
already sufficiently heated to maintain the required degree of

warmth;

it is

then

much

better to use the blinds rather than to allow the temperature to

become

excessive,
air.

or to try to reduce the

same by putting on a superis

abundance of

Ventilation by

means

of the top lights

generally

accompanied by considerable risk during this and the following month, and if indulged in should be done most sparingly, otherwise the cold draughts

means of checking tender growths and, again, the atmospheric moisture is too rapidly transformed. The best method of admitting air is by means of the bottom ventilators especially at this time of the year the atmosphere is thus kept pure and sweet, and in a more uniformly moist and growing condition. Damping down between the pots and other available spaces may be done two or even three times daily, in accordance with the conditions Orchids are often injured, and sometimes killed outprevailing outside. seldom, right, by over-saturation of the compost in which they grow
resulting
are

the

however, are they injured by the moisture arising from the evaporation of

water distributed on the stages,

floors, walls,

&c.

They
house

thrive not so

much
of

upon the water given them

the atmosphere.
moisture, and
is

at the root as

upon that which they derive from

contains plenty

If the at the

atmosphere of the

same time kept pure by a judicious use of the

March,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

is

75

bottom ventilators, then, and then only, build up future success.

a foundation laid upon which to

The work
instance,

with

its

&c, will now begin in earnest. Take, for the Mexican Lamias. The first and foremost of these is L. anceps, numerous varieties. They should now be taken in hand, where
of repotting,
is

this operation

necessary,

and

after being overhauled

and well cleansed

from

all

traces of that particular scale to

It is

repotted.
like

wise to
it

manner, so that

which they are liable, should be perform this operation in a thorough and workmandoes not become necessary to again disturb their
If the plant
is

roots for at least three years.

a large one, the several pieces

r

forming

it

should be placed together skilfully so that a

will take

made, and one that

up the

least

amount
is

of room.

One

sees a plant of L. anceps with about three leads

occupying an

basket or pan, which

the rhizomes

it is

needless to say
long, they

a useless waste of room.

Should

become too

may be

severed, leaving three or four

bulbs to support the lead.

again,

The back pseudobulbs

in

taken away will break

and should be placed

let

with the plant;

by these means a greater

number
if

of leading bulbs are being constantly added.

Take care not

decay.
all

to

bury the pseudobulbs, but

buried, the

the rhizome be on the level with the compost

will

eyes

which are dormant

a.

soon

L.

anceps
order to

Sanderiana and L.

Schrcederiana,

when

seen in

their beauty, are

Orchids not easily surpassed.

and the chief not to allow them to ramble over the side of the receptacle for more than one season's growth, and during summer to give them the full sun, plenty of Should there not be a house set apart for water, and abundance of air. these sun-loving kinds, L. anceps and varieties, then they are better grown
well,
:

bloom

They must, however, be strong in points of cultivation to bear in mind are

in baskets or pans,

and suspended near the roof of the Cattleya House. If, however, there be a house for their accommodation, together with a few other sun-loving subjects, then they are better in pots on the stage.
Laslia grandiflora (majalis) often proves

a difficult subject to keep in

condition for any length of time.

this species in
leaf-soil,

find the

most successful way to keepwith just enough,

good condition

is

to

grow

it

in small pans,

peat and

sphagnum moss about

its

roots to steady

and secure

it

in

position.

Give

liberal supplies of

water when growing.

until the bulbs

It is

rather a shy

Orchid to bloom, and rarely does so

have attained their

It is

maximum

size,

and even then they are apt to disappoint one.

always

advisable to keep

them on the dry

side until the

new growths
It

are an inch
is

or two high, as the flower

spikes

grow simultaneously.
for if the flower spike is

useless r

however, to withhold water too long,

the

not formed in
will cause it

new growth during

its

early stages, no

amount of drought
tell

to appear afterwards.

It is

an easy matter to

a flowering growth

76
early in the

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

season say about April
or the
all

[Ma
of

commencement

May

by

its

swollen appearance.

After this date

should be liberally treated with

water, in order to encourage the

making of fine large pseudobulbs. Thunias should be repotted this month. The compost should be of a loose, open kind to root in, composed of peat, loam and coarse silver sand.
Pot firmly, about four strong pseudobulbs to a
32-sized] pot.

These
of

make

nice, graceful,

and useful plants and

free

for decorative purposes.

Plenty

sunshine and an intermediate temperature, with the above, are conducive to

short, stout, pseudobulbs

blooming.

There are a number of Orchids which are best suited with exactly similar treatment to that which the Dendrobiums enjoy, and which have
been resting with that genus during the winter
in intermediate temperature.

Such
tion.

will again

be moving into active growth, and will soon require attennearly identically the same.
if

These are the Mormodes, Catasetums, Coryanthes, and Cycnoches.

culture of these genera
likely to give the
is

The
most

They

are

all

best results

grown

in pans,

with the exception of

in a light

Coryanthes, which should be grown

position in the

in

baskets,

and suspended

Warm
it

house.
;

The compost should

never be allowed to get

limit,

sour for want of renewing

in fact
I

certainly

two years should be the outside

the
best

think

better to

make a

practice of giving fresh sweet materials to

root in

annually.

Such would
it

be

safeguard

against

their

deterioration,

which

is

well to avoid, for

when

this takes place,

some
in

trouble

is

experienced before they are again brought to a sound state of

healthy vigorous growth.

The

best fibrous peat

and sphagnum moss

equal proportions should be used, and

make

quite sure the plants are firmly

secured in their receptacles.

to Chysis,

The above

cultural remarks will also

apply

which are

just starting to grow,

and

will

soon be showing their

flower spikes again.

Dendrobiums that need it as soon as possible after flowering, and afterwards place them in their proper growing quarters, where they will be gradually inured to more warmth and
repot any of the

Continue to

moisture as the spring advances.

very pretty Orchid which delights in

warm

treatment
It

is

Miltonia

Roezlii.

The

best position for this

is

is

a naturally moist one.

often happens

that the foliage of the plants

more covered with moisture

if
is

at early
it is

mornsuch a

ing in one part of the East Indian house than in another, and

in

place that Miltonia Roezlii will flourish,

light, airy position
in

not too heavily shaded.

the Cattleya house

most suitable

for the other

Miltonias,

and
and
is

all

that are pushing

new growth from

the base of the

if

pseudo-bulbs should be taken in hand and repotted

spectabilis
its

necessary.

M.

variety Moreliana are

M.

vexillaria

a most popular species,

amongst the earliest to start. and is also best suited in the

March,

1504.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

It is
if so,

77

position just mentioned.

not a good practice to wet the foliage, or to

or
if

keep the plants too wet at the roots, as

grown

in

a too cold, or

badly-ventilated house, the leaves decay from the apex

more than they would otherwise do. This species is ground for thrip, but if tobacco powder is employed there is no difficulty, and " dipping " is never required, which is productive of better cultivation, as the plants when undergoing this latter operation are liable to be shaken and broken in a greater or lesser degree. In the Warm house such plants as Aerides, Saccolabiums, Angracums, &c, may be re-topdressed with fresh clear picked sphagnum moss, where
required, and any that are
attention.
in

downwards much a happy hunting

need of re-potting

In the Cool house will be

may now have the necessary found many Odontoglossum crispum,

is

O. triumphans, O. luteo-purpureum, and O. Rossii, also various species of

Oncidium,

in a state requiring a

renewal of compost, and the present

most suitable time

for this operation.

THE LATE CONSUL LEHMANN.

We may supplement
February 13th (page
last, in

our obituary notice of the late Consul F. C.

Lehmann
23rd

(page 31) by a few particulars taken from the Gardeners' Chronicle for
106).

Mr.

Lehmann was drowned on November

interested.

the river Timbique, in Colombia, whilst crossing the river in a small

boat, to visit a gold

mine

in

which he was

He was
by

fifty-three

years of age at the time of his death.

He was

of

humble parentage, and

his indomitable

received his education at the village school, though

energy and

perseverance he

gained

a knowledge of several

languages,

besides being a good botanist and a skilful draughtsman.

collector for
settled at

After acting as

Messrs.

Hugh Low &

Co. he, about twenty-five years ago,

since,

Popayan, and has ever

a specially

until his
in

death, been

German
political

Consul

there,

arduous duty

a country

where

disturbances are chronic.

He

married a lady belonging to one of the old

Maria Josefa de Mosquera, and devoted much of his energies to the development of his estate, including the management of the Timbique Gold Mines. Since his marriage he has only been to Europe on tw^o or three occasions, the last being when he brought his
families of Colombia, Senora

son,

some ten years

of age, to be educated at Berlin.

An

extract from a letter from Consul

Lehmann, under date March

collecting

24th,

published in the Kaiserliche Deutsches Konsalat de Popayan, gives some 1903,

idea of the

man and

his

work

" Orchid

and travelling have

been altogether hampered during the time of the Civil War. Officially it has been pronounced ended over and over again, but while reading the ,ou were favourably situated, you would still hear the

78

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

rifles.

[March,

9o4

cracking of the
also
will

have been tied down by

my

Consular duties, and

latter

by having to rebuild the house on

soon be finished now, and then
I

my

country estate; but the

roam over hill and valley again, and look up some of the many pretty things which I would like to get into European gardens, especially my discoveries in Masdevallias, most of which are as yet undescnbed, for I am an enemy of making new species, and this often leads me to the other extreme. How careful and slow I am before I publish a new species you may derive from the fact that I have in
shall be able to

my

herbarium not fewer than about forty-two species of Masdevallia,

I
I

all

with drawings and detailed descriptions, which

quite extraordinary in construction, of which

am

sure are new,

many

have not published one.

them into gardens." Among those introduced by him are enumerated, M. ventricularia and its variety longicaudata, M. trinema (Lowii), M. angulata and its showy ally, M. burfordiensis, M. deorsa, M. Lehmanni, M. Tubeana, and M. rosea. The
But
I

would

like

to

get

some

of

last-named plant Mr.

Lehmann
difficult

considered his hardest task, for in 1880,

when
plant,

travel
its

was more

than

it

is

now, he,

after great

privations,

reached

habitat at a very high elevation near Loxa, in Ecuador.

which had been known from the time it in 1842, was successfully collected and packed but all sorts of expedients had to be resorted to, to preserve a part of the specimens while passing
;

The was discovered by Hartweg

through the hot villages to the port.

finally the Para,
off St.

Once shipped

the trouble did

not

end, for although daily tended by their collector the stock got smaller, and

by which Mr. Lehmann was bringing them, got wrecked Michael, Azores. But at the risk of his own life Mr. Lehmann got
off alive,

some of the plants

and landed them

it is

in

England.

added that numerous specimens will be found in the all-absorbing Reichenbachian Herbarium others are in the Boissier Herbarium, at Chambesy, near Geneva and another set, nearly if
Respecting his collection,
:

not

quite

as complete,

is

in

the Natural

History

Museum

at

South
notice

Kensington.

Many

of his plants
still

have lately gone to Berlin, and the

will also

remainder, which are

is

at

Popayan,

be sent there.

The

accompanied by an excellent

portrait.

VARIATION OF L^LIA ANCEPS.

A curious
case of variation in Laelia anceps, in the collection of Jeremiah
is

Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate,

(Gard. Chron., 1904,
i,

recorded by Mr.
:

p. 100),

as follows

" Soon

W.

P.

Bound

after

my

taking charge

of the Orchids at Gatton, in January, 1900, a specimen plant labelled Laelia

anceps Sanderiana flowered, and the flowers had no colour on the front of the
lip.
I

was told that previously

it

had always showed the blotch

of colour

March, igo 4 .]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

I

79

peculiar to the variety Sanderiana, yet

in 1901, 1902,

altered the label to L. a. Stella

in

and 1903 it came the same as commented upon at the Royal Horticultural
L.
a.

1900

it

was shown and

meeting as true
can
be that

Society's
a.

Stella.

This year

it

has

come again L.
it

Sanderiana, having a
it

well denned blotch

on the

tip of the lip.

By no chance
all

there are two species in the pan, for each year

has produced four spikes

the spikes were
the

annually, previous to this year, and the flowers on

had three spikes from the same lead that flowered last season and previously, and the flowers on each spike are true to L. a. Sanderiana. I shall be interested, to know if anyone else has experienced
the same
;

this year

it

a similar case."

Mr. Bound adds

" My

note will seem incredible to

many, but I am certain that it is correct." Another case of variation is recorded by Mr. W. H. Clarke, Aston Rowant House Gardens, Oxon. (page 121), this, however, being in one of Mr. Clarke writes: " Never before have I noticed the coloured forms.
such variation as there
is

among some

of

my

flowers.

Distinct white

rays ran through the rose-lilac colour of each petal.

All the flowers

on one

scape were the same, but other flowers on the same plant were true to th?
type."

CYMBIDIUM WILSONI.
This
is

a very interesting

Cymbidium introduced from Yunnan by

Messrs.

James Veitch & Sons, through their collector, Mr. E. H. Wilson. It is allied to the Himalayan C. giganteum, and as that species has recently been collected in Yunnan by Dr. Augustine Henry it was a question when first compared whether it might not be a dwarf form of that species. It is, however, much smaller, the leaves measuring only some 12 to 14 inches long by 6 to 8 lines broad, and the pseudobulbs if inches long by 1 inch broad. The scape is also much more slender, and at present bears five flowers, which are little smaller than those of C. giganteum, measuring 3!
inches in expanse, while the hairs on the
lip are distinctly

shorter, though

very numerous.

The

flowers are as fragrant as in C.

sepals and petals are light green, with a slight

Tracyanum. The brownish tinge, and rows of

minute reddish-brown dots, especially on the petals. The lip is whitish yellow, strongly lined with red-brown on the side lobes, a few spots also while the occurring towards the apex and along the prominent hairy keel
:

margin of the undulate front lobe

is

also

marbled with brown, and a similar

narrow

line

extends

down

the centre of the disc from apex to base.

at the
It is

plant

was exhibited by Messrs. Veitch and obtained an Award of Merit.

R.H.S. meeting on February 23rd, an interesting addition to the genus.

R. A. Rolfe.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS.
Odontoglossums, raised by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristi, Ghent, from photographs taken by Mr. Leo Farmar. We ought, however, to say that in
beautiful

We

have

now much

pleasure in figuring two

more very

making the blocks they have been inadvertently enlarged a little beyond natural size, though this may not be apparent when the plants have
reached their
full

development.

In the second case, unfortunately, the

parentage has had to be inferred from the characters of the flower, the record
being
lost,

so that in this respect

it

comes down

to the level of a natural

Fig. 19.

Odont
ise

hybrid, though in the latter

species which

one

is

often helped by a

vledge of the
v

grow

togethei

Additional seedlings

may

further light

on the question hereafter.

O.

X bellatulum
,

is

believed to have been raised from O. Pescatorei ?

at

and O. sceptrum $ and was described

present form
(fig.

19)

is

page 99 of our tenth volume. The believed to be another seedling from the same batch,

have shown a and it may be added that those which have already flowered certain amount of variation between themselves, though conforming to the Horsmanii, a It shows a considerable resemblance to O. X same type.

iRCH,
tural

1904]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

to

and eopurpureum, and we do not know of a record that O. sceptrum and scatorei grow anywhere intermixed in a wild state. The flowers
rly

hybrid believed

have originated from O. crispum

intermediate in character, the colour being pale yellow, blotched wi

p brown,
Pescatorei,
als,
is

and the

lip

showing strong evidence of the influence

recall

which

is

apparent in other tespects, while the acute tooth

column wings, and markings strongly an interesting and beautiful hybrid.

fringed

O. sceptrui

MERiFicuM was exhibited by M. Ch. Vuylsteke at the mple Show, and was recorded as a hvbrid between O. crispum

O.

1;

ai

Fig. 20.

Odontoglossum x merikicum.

O. sceptrum. The present one (fig. 20) bears strong evidence of such an origin, having the general shape and broad round lip of the latter, though the colour and markings have been greatly modified, and here we think we can trace the influence of a heavily blotched form of O. crispum. The

ground colour is light yellow, and the markings of the deepest red-brown imaginable. Another flower which may possibly have the same parentage was described at page 170 of our tenth volume (the second one mentioned),
but, as in the present case, the parentage

had

to be inferred

from

the
it

characters of the flower.

Whatever the

origin of the plant

now

figured

82
is

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

a great beau ty, the size

and richness of the markings being

Unfortunately we have no flower of O.

that O.

merificum availal

parison, but a. suming the parentage to have been correctly give

X me rificum
it

var.

tenebrosum

is

a suitable

one, on accou
hereafter.

of

its

dark colour.

This doubtful

name for point may bt

SOCIETIES.

A meeting

of this Society

was held

at the Drill

Hall,

Buckingham Gate,
fine display

Westminster, on February gth, when there was a remarkably

of Orchids, no less than seven Medals being awarded, one being a Gold

Medal

for a

remarkably

fine

group shown by Messrs. Sander

(gr.

&

Son.

X. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne

gained a Silver Flora Medal
for a

Mr. Chapman),

handsome group containing Odonto-

glossum Pescatorei albescens, O. P. Prince of Orange, yellow, blotched with brown O. X Adrians; aureum, a fine specimen of O. crispum with
;

seventeen flowers on a spike, the handsome O.

c.

Grace Ruby, O.

c.

Lowise,
lip

O.
O.

c.
c.

xanthotes

Oakwood
var.,

variety,

having the orange spots only on the

Brilliant,

white with large red-brown blotches,

C.

Cypripedium

Calypso Oakwood

Juno, C.

X Wm.

Lloyd superbum, Ladia

Mr. Page),

anceps Schrcederiana, Cattleya chocoensis alba magna, &c.

G. F. Moore, Esq., Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water
(gr.

was awarded

Silver

Banksian

Medal

for

an

excellent

group

of

Cypripediums, including C.

X Evenor, C. X Euryades, the fine C. X Mooreanum, C. X Beeckmanni, C. X Sallieri aureum, the handsome C. X Miss Amy Moore, C. X Mons. de Curte, Swinburne's variety, with large
:

dark blotches on the upper sepal, and others.

to the three following plants

Awards of Merit were given Cypripedium X aureum virginale, a pretty

;

yellowish green flower having the upper half of the dorsal sepal white

aureum X Calypso), having the dorsal sepal rose-purple below and white above, and the petals and lip yellowish green, tinged with brown, and very glossy; and C. X W. H. Page (niveum X Boxallii atratum), a handsome form of C. X Graceaj, having the flowers white tinged and marked with dark purple, especially on the dorsal sepal.
C.
(villosum

X Thompsoni

Captain G. L. Holford,
received

CLE., Westonbirt, Tetbury

for

(gr.

Mr. Alexander).
(parentage
shape, and

an

Award

of

Merit

Cypripedium

X CEdippe

unrecorded), a remarkably fine hybrid approaching C.

X aureum

in

having the dorsal sepal dark rose with a green blotch at the base, and the petals and lip yellow marbled with purple-brown.

Baron

Sir

H. Schroder, The

Dell, Staines (gr. Mr. Ballantine),

showed

'7/A

ORCHID REVIEW.

J.

T.

Bennett-Poe.
fine

1-Is.]..

Hohnewood, Cheshunt

(gr.

Mr.

Dowries),

example of [psea speciosa. De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum Argus, having the flower colour, and heavily blotched.
H.
Little, Esq.,

showed a

Stables),
large,

showed
in

yellow

The Barons, Twickenham

Rosslyn, Stamford Hill

(gr.

Mr. Howard), showed

some flowers
H. T.

of Lycaste costata.
(gr.

Pitt, Esq.,

Mr. Thurgood), exhibited

the finely-spotted Cypripedium

Pittianum.
Reigate, sent three excellent spikes of

Taylor, J. Messrs.

Esq.,

Margery

Hill,

Dendrobinm speciosum.
Sander
ec

Sons. St. Albans, staged

to

remarkably

fine

group,

extending the whole length of the Hall,

deservedly awarded.

Among

which a Gold Medal was the numerous showy tilings staged must be

mentioned the handsome Ladio-cattleya Lucasiana Hindeana (L. tenebrosa X C. labiata alba), a line hybrid having white sepals and petals, and a
rose-purple
L.-c.
lip

veined with crimson

var.,

some good
is

L.-c.

bletchkyensis

X warnhamensis
Miltonia

having the petals tipped with purple, as

said to have been

in

Cattleya Trians parents;

Backhouseana, which

one of the

Bleuana,

Cymbidium

Ballianum,

Phalaenopsis,

Masdevallia polysticta. flowering profusely, some Zygocolax hybrids, a good

blotched form of Odontoglossum crispum, the rare O. nevadense, two good

O. X Harryano-cnspum, O. X Wilckeanum illustre and other forms of this hybrid, two good O. X loochristiense, several fine Cypripedium X Leeanum and C. X aureum, C. X Lamontianum (X Calypso X
Rothschildianum),
a
fine

thing

most

like

the

latte r

C.

Brilliant

(Buchanianum X Calypso) having a deep purple band on the dorsal sepal, which is deep rose below and white above, C. X Sallieri Hyeanum, C. X Charles Richman, and numerous other showy things.
Messrs. Charlesworth

&

Co., Heaton, Bradford, gained a Silver Flora

Medal

for

handsome

group,

containing some fine Laelio-cattleva

Charlesworthii, L.-c.

Gottoiana, L.-c.

Myra, L.-c.

Lilian,

L.-c.

X X

Andromeda, the pretty Cattleya X Enid, Bulbophyllum Dayanum, a plant bearing slender spikes of buff-coloured flowers, called Mystacidium Hariotianum, the pretty Ccelogyne sparsa, Cypripedium X Cardosoanum C. X Sallieri, C. X Hitchinsia, C. villosum auriferum, and many Odontoglossoms, including O. grande Fascinator, in which the markings were An Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium X purple instead of brown.
CEdippe, a plant noted under Captain Holford's group.

Mr.

J.

Cypher, Cheltenham, received a Silver Banksian Medal

for

84

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

X
tine

[March, 1904,
Cybele,

showy group, including some good Dendrobium

giganteum, a
cattleya

D.

nobile
Lselio-

D.

Schneiderianum, D.
Phaio-calanthe

X Dominianum,
and

Hippolyta,

nivalis,

some

hybrid

Cypripediums.
Messrs.

Hugh Low &

a
Silver
P.

Co.,

Bush
P.

Hill Park, staged an excellent group,-

which
Trianat

gained

Banksian
T.

Medal.

It

contained

Phalaenopsis

Schilleriana,

Stuartiana,

Aphrodite,
alba,

a fine

specimen of Cattleya

Dendrobium crassinode, D, Wardianum, Cymbidium elegans, Epidendrum elegans, Haemaria discolor,Cypripedium X Thompsoni, C. X T. inversa, and others. Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, Holloway, showed a good group of
with sixteen flowers, C.
in all, the best

Cypripediums, eighteen varieties

L. Skinneri alba.

being C.

X Pitcherianum

Williams variety, together with Calanthe

bella,

Lycaste lasioglossa, and'

Silver

Banksian Medal was deservedly awarded.

Sons, Chelsea, showed a group of Cypripediums,

Messrs. James Veitch

&

including the finely spotted C.

Euryadesexcellens, C.

X aureum virginale

C.

Miss Louisa Fowler, several Zygocolax hybrids, and other plants.

Mr. H. A. Tracy, Twickenham, sent a good form of Cattleya Trianse-

and two hybrids of Cypripedium Charlesworthii. Mr. Charles Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, showed a handsome Odontoglossom X Vuylstekei, two forms of O. X Wilckeanum, and Leelio-cattleya

bletchleyensis.

M. C. Beranek, Rue de Babylone,

said
to

Paris, sent

have

been

derived

from

C.

two hybrid Cypripediums Godefroyae leucochilum and C.

The

K-

p >rt

of

th< 1

Scientific

Commi ittee

for the

sam e date contains

itura

the following ;:

Colour

HOTOS.

Kelso,

Orchids : Mr. Hickley, B; assett, Southamptc

<

>F

n;

colour photoVer

aU

wirem

is

of Orchids in

tl

^ir'naru^

colo!l

The

were

ht

Medals were awarded, besides Mr.

Burford, Dorking

fer.

Whi

March,

1904.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Silver-gilt

85

a splendid group, which was awarded a

tained

Flora Medal.

It

con-

some fine plants of Sophronitis grandiflora, one with over sixty flowers; Epidendrum porphyreum, Cattleya Trianae, with eighteen
Cypripedium

flowers, C. T. Backhouseana,

Confetti, C.

Sallien, with

ten flowers, C.

hirsuto-Sallieri, C.

X Lathamianum,
Dendrobmm X

with fourteen flowers,

C.

Ledouxiae, Odontoglossum coronarium miniatum, O.

X Humeanum.
Hazel-

Calanthe Stevensii, C. Sanderiana,

Ainsworthii

bourne variety, D. Kingianum album, D. signatum aureum, a lot of 1). X Melpomene, aplant ofD. X Wigania: xanthochilum, with fifty flowers, Ada
aurantiaca, with fourteen spikes of flowers.

Miltonia fuscata,

Spiranthes

colorata picta,

Epilaelia

Psyche,

Mormodes buccinator

Rolfei,

some

Masdevallias, and other plants.

Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Hound), staged a fine J. group, which secured a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It contained many good
forms of Dendrobium nobile, including three good D.
n.

album, D.
Rolfeae,

Rubens

elegans, D.

R. Miroir, D.

Othello, D.

D.

X Wiganianum purpureum, D. X Aspasia, D. X Sibyl. I). X Owenianum, D. X Firefly, many varieties of Cattleya Trianae, the most interesting being C. T. Mrs. J. Colman and C. T. Penelope, Zygocolax X
Artemis, D.
Veitchii,

Vanda

Cathcartii, Cypripediums, Odontoglossums, and other good

things.

R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Chessington, Streatham

(gr.

Mr. Black), was

awarded a Silver Flora Medal

richly-coloured D. n.

for

an

effective group, chiefly of

Dendro-

biums, including D. nobile murrhiniacum,

Thwaites'

in fine condition, the large

and

var., a large

plant of D.

Wigania:, D.

Brymerianum, D. X Schneiderianum, some good Odontoglossum crispum, and others. Bradshaw, Esq., Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), showed a pretty J. It contained some group, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. strong Odontoglossum crispum with branched spikes, grown in leaf compost, O. X excellens, O. X Adrianae and other Odontoglossums, a good Laelia X Digbyano-purpurata, Cattleya Triana; Mavourneen, a large
white flower with a tinge of pink on the
lip,

Lycaste Skinneri alba, L. S.

Enchantress, and others.

R. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Bank House, Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson), showed Cypripedium X Minos Young's variety and C. X Beeckmanni, the
latter'obtaining a First-class Certificate.

This was a very

fine hybrid,

with

greenish-yellow flowers, the dorsal sepal being heavily blotched with dark
purple,

and the sepals and

lip

tinged with a lighter colour.

(gr.

Capt. G. L. Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury

Mr. Alexander), exhibited

a natural hybrid
four pure white

Cymbidium X Ballianum, a handsome form believed to be between C. eburneum and C. Mastersii. The spike bore

86
flowers, having

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

more pointed segments than
in
lip

[March, 1904.

C. eburneum, and the crest

of the

yellow.

Kennedy Jones, Esq., Knightons, E. Finchley (gr. Mr. King), showed some well-cultivated Ccelogyne cristata, a Cultural Commendation being
F.

W.

Moore, Esq., V.M.H., Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin,

sent a splendid spike of a large

and handsome form of Cymbidium grandiflorum, and also Dendrobium Williamsoni, the latter, a Himalayan species,having white flowers, with some orange markings on the lip, receiving a
Botanical Certificate.
J.

G. Fowler, Esq., South Woodford Davis (?Dauthieri

(gr.

Mr. Davis), sent Cypripedium

colour,

J.

X Leeanum),
rose.

the flower being light in

tinged,

and spotted with

G.

W.

Law-Schofield, Esq.,

Rawtenstall

(gr.

Mr.

Shill), sent

Cypri-

pedium X aureum Surprise, a handsome yellow and white flower. J. C. F. Ramsden, Esq., Guildford, sent a yellow form of Cypripedium
F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield,
pretty

Woking

(gr.

Mr. Hopkins), showed the

Cypripedium villosum pulchellum. Messrs. Sander and Sons gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a laige and handsome group, containing some magnificent specimens of Dendrobium Wardianum, D. W. xantholeucum, some Lalio-cattleya X bletchleyensis, L.-c. X Doris Sander's variety, a number of good Odontoglossum crispum, O. X nevadense, O. X Wilckeanum, O. X loochristiense,
Cypripedium
exul),

X aureum Olympus, and many other plants.

J.

C.

X Persephone (Lathamianum X
an

Mr.

Cypher, Cheltenham, secured a Silver Flora Medal with

Dendrobium barbatulum, D. nobile, D. X Ainsworthii and other Dendrobes, Cypripedium X Goweri, C. X Lathamianum, C. X Maudia, C. villosum giganteum, plants of Cattleya Trian*, Masdevallia X Heathii, M. X Hincksiana, Miltonia X Bleuana, and others. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, gained a Silver Banksian Medal for a good group, containing Lselio-cattleya X Myra, L.-c. X M. alba,
effective group, containing

many

fine plants of

L.-c.

Pallas, L.-c.

highburiensis, L.-c.
L.-c.

X Orpheus

(C. Triana:

X L.

glauca), L.-c.

X warnhamensis,

callistoglossa,

Cypripedium

X Scylla (Cybele japonicum), Masdevallia X Imogen, Epidendrum X O'Brienianum, and Phalamopsis X Hebe. Awards of Merit were given to Sophro-cattleya X Saxa (S. grandiflora X C. Trianse), a dark rose-coloured hybrid, and to
Miss Louisa Fowler, several forms of Dendrobium

X X

Cymbidium Wilsoni, an interesting from Yunnan by Mr. E. H. Wilson.

species, allied to C.

giganteum, sent

ikch,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Low and
Co.,

Messrs.

H.

Bush

Hill

Park, oh

andsome O. X bellatulum
ngs on
tin-

segments. O.
being tine
a
d;

th the latter

)armstadt, sent

white f

A mkktino
held at

Manchester and North of England Orchid Society was the Coal Exchange. Manchester, on February 5th, when there was
of the

a good display of Orchids.

\Y.

Thompson. Esq., Walton Grange. Stone

collection

(gr.

Mr. Stevens), sent a

choice

of

Odontoglossums,
of O.

to

which a Bronze Medal was

noteworthy, and an

awarded.

Some good forms

X Wilckeanum were

was given to O. X crispo-Harrvanum var. Regina. S. Gratrix, Esq.. Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher., received a Firstclass Certificate for Cymbidium X alportense, a handsome hybrid said to
of Merit

Award

have been derived from C. insigne Harefield Hall var. and C. Boxallii. and
surpassing the first-named
in size.

Mrs. Ardern, Stockport

for the

(gr.

Mr.

Morris), received an

Award

of Merit

handsome Odontoglossum X Andersonianum var. Hebe. A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Bailey), received an Award Mnit for Cypripedium X Hindeanum, Warburton's var.
J.

of

E. Williamson, Esq., The Grange, Stretford, sent several good things,

var. albida.
fine

and received an Award of Merit for Cattleya Trianae M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, sent six
receiving a First-class Certificate for O.

Odontoglossums,
var.

X Wilckeanum

Minos, and-

Awards of Merit for O. X Vuylstekei var. gratiosum and O. X Harryanocrispum var. Talma. Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Westgate Hill, Bradford, received a Bronze Medal for a nice group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium X
Gracese, a pretty hybrid derived from C. Boxalli

C. niveum.
of Merit
for

Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, received Awards Cvpripedium X Watsonianum and C. villosum var. Lowii,
Messrs.
Messrs. John

the latter an.

Cowan &

Co., Gateacre, and Mr. John Robson, Altrincham

each staged a small collection of plants, to which a Vote of Thanks was

accorded.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

ORCHIDS

IN

SEASON.

Cattleya Percivaliana is a handsome winter-blooming Orchid, though for some reason it does not always expand its flowers as well as could be
wished.

An

inflorescence of a very richly-coloured variety called Mrs. R.

le

Doux has been

sent from the collection of R.

le

Doux, Esq., West Derby,

of Merit and a
Cultural.
last.
lilac,
is

Liverpool, by Mr. S. Davenport,

who

states that the plant has six leading

growths, and that

Certificate

it

received both an

Award

from the Manchester Orchid Society on

of the flower
is

February 22nd

The shape

good, and the sepals and petals bright rosy

lip,

while the front lobe of the

in front

of the deep orange-yellow disc,

is

covered with one enormous dark crimson blotch, beyond which

lilac

a broad

margin.

The

plant must have been very effective

of

when
is

at its best.

beautiful

inflorescence
Scott,

Cattleya Schroederse

sent from

the

collection of Benj.

Esq., Linden

House, Stanwick, Carlisle.

Mr.

was purchased some three or four years ago among some imported C. Trianse, and has flowered freely with him, though it is obviously something else. The delicate colouring, more crisped flowers, and delicious heliotrope-like fragrance are characteristic of this Cattleya, which is said to grow in a different locality from C. Trianae. It would be interesting to know whether this plant actually came home with C. Triame or got mixed with it afterwards.
Scott states that
it

Two

good-coloured forms of Laelia anceps are sent from the collection

of E. J. Lovell, Esq., Oakhurst, Oxted, by Mr. Jones. They are out of the same pan, but one is considerably darker than the other, and not

good form of Odontoglossum Andersonianum is also sent, having a yellow ground colour, and numerous dark brown markings. It is accompanied by a good
form of O. gloriosum, one of the parents.

improbably two distinct plants have got potted up together.

Two

fine

spotted forms of Paphiopedilum insigne are sent from the

collection of Captain Twiss, Bridhill House, Limerick, one of

them bearing

a very strong twin-flowered scape.

We

do not recognise them, but whether

they are identical with any of the numerous spotted forms that have been

named we are unable to say. A flower of the large and

is

brilliantly coloured Cattleya Trianse

Imperator

sent from the collection of Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury,

It
is

by
in
is

Mr. Alexander.
expanse,
lilac-rose,

of perfect shape, i\

and measures over 6 inches

inches

while

the petals are over

lip

broad.

The

colour

with the front of the

ing so far back in

blotch.
It is

dark purple-crimson, the colour extendthe throat as to nearly obliterate the orange yellow
sent from the collection of Sir

a most beautiful form.

is

A fine

inflorescence of Phaius Blumei

March,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Manderston, Duns., X.
it is

89

James

Miller, Bart.,

B.,

by

Mr.

Hamilton.

The

sender remarks that

a grand grower, plants

in

8-inch pots producing as

many

as ten spikes of flower.

Flowers of the hne Cattleya Triame Lecana ami Paphiopedilum

calloso-Mastersianum are sent from the collection of R.
I.

Measures, Esq.,
at

Cambridge
residence.

Lodge,

Camberwell.

They

were

grown

his

country
is

Ladymeade, Hants., by Mr. Wootton.

Flowers of a pretty
?
little

The
?
,

latter

fairly

intermediate in character.

hybrid derived from

Phragmopedilum

cardinale

and

P.

Schlimii

and of a second

seedling supposed to have the

same parentage,
character.
It
is

are also sent.

They most
tin's

approach the seed parent

in

curious to

note tbat

represents the result of a third cross with P. Schlimii.

An

inflorescence of the prettx albino Miltonia Warscewiczii xanthina

is

sent from the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, by Mr.

Rogers.
lip.

The

flowers are greenish yellow, with a broad white border to the

otherwise conforming to the type.

Also a seedling,

now

flowering for

the

second time, believed to have been derived from Paphiopedilum

villosum
like a

X Lathamianum.

It

has the appearance of such an origin, being

good form of the former, with a broad, clear white margin to the dorsal sepal, and a distinct trace of the broad purple median band.

ORCHIDS AND LEAF MOULD.

Is leaf

mould a proper
is

soil for

Orchids

This question
to-day.
articles

one of the most

subject,
but,

real

before the horticultural world

several

Our columns have already held

upon
the
far as

important letters and

given,

despite

the

attention

we

are

apparently as
Horticultural

ever from a real solution.

Before the meeting of the

skilful

Society of

New

York, on Wednesday, two

Orchid

growers

E.

O. Orpet, of South Lancaster, Mass., and C.

W.

Schneider,

of Irvington, N.Y.

stated
it

views seemingly diametrically opposed.

While

Mr. Schneider advocated the adoption of leaf mould, Mr. Orpet on the
other hand most emphatically condemned
it

as a soil unfit for Orchids.

mould was not so porous as that known as Belgian, and on which the European growers Mr. Schneider proposes to remedy this condition by adding sand relied.
the one hand

On

was

told that the domestic leaf

and

charcoal, which, of course, provides drainage.

in leaf

Mr. Orpet states unequivocally that the roots of Orchids growing

mould

will

decay as the leaf

soil itself rots.

Are these two growers so very

certain! v be

far

apart

in

their

ideas

It

may

conceded that

in

their native haunts the epiphytal Orchids

leaves, bits of

will be found with various

dead and dying

woody

twigs, etc.,

go

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

;

[March, 1904-

about their roots

but that this

is

to be taken as evidence that leaf

mould

dug from the ground is demanded by the Orchid seems to us to be assuming altogether too much. Debris of one sort and another will
naturally collect

about the roots

in

state

of nature

its

presence

is

accidental and

its

service, if any, but very slight.

Some remarkable
growers
;

successes with leaf mould are reported by European

so far our cultivators have not found any special merit in the use
It is

of the article.

possible that the conditions of culture on the different

sides of the Atlantic,

and the

different

methods of watering which

are

followed on account of different climatic conditions, will account for these

varying reports.

On

the admission of those

who advocate

the use of leaf

sterilizing

mould here drainage has

to be specially provided for

and even
the

by
the

From
candle
?

purely practica

idpoi

therefore,

is

game worth

Is there

any nece SSit) of

m
gr

ing a

new Orchid
eaf in leaf

culture for the

sole purpose of saying that

we an
1

Orchids

mould

?A mcrican

('ninUnin^

Mr. E.

W.

Davy, gardener

to J. J. Neale, Esq., of Penarth,

,

writes:

" Oncidium tigrinum has benefited more than any other Orchid

we have

through using a leaf compost.

They have been

flowering in succession for

over six months, bulbs only half the size of those in the old compost throw
stronger spikes, and twice as freely.

The

pots are as small as possible,

and the compost half peat and half leaves, with a little sand and sphagnum, and made as firm as possible. When potted the flowers of all species last well. I find some potted in larger pots and looser compost do not last
as long."

SACCOLABIUM VIOLACEUM VAR. HARRISONIANUM.

A plant
of this rare and pretty variety of Saccolabium violaceum has just

flowered with Messrs. Stanley Ashton

It Chase Side, Southgate. Co. in 18G3, and was figured originally appeared with Messrs. name of Saccolabium in the Botanical Magazine (t. 5433) under the Harrisonianum, but afterwards proved to be an albino of S. violaceum, and

& Co., Hugh Low &

was figured under the above name

differs

in

the Orchid

Album

(v.,

t.

236).

It

from the type

in the

complete absence of the purple spotting from

the puiple suffusion from the
light green.
It is
lip,

the sepals and petals, and

flowers white, with the

leaving the
little

column

a very pretty

plant

when

well grown.

R. A. R.

ch, 1904.J

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

PHAIUS BLUMEI VAR. BERNAYSII.

von Mueller,

Island, an island of

Mon-ton

Haw

South

<

Queensland, near Brisbane,

and

sent a
of

case of plants to Messrs.

V. itch through his friend Dr.

Rowland,
Bernavs

Malvern,
:

remarked
its

"

who was
I

at

first

accredited

as

its

sponsor.

Mr.

found the plant on Stradbroke Island. ;imini thousands of

in

congener. Fhaius grandifolius, from which, when not

difficult}*

flower,

it

is

with

distinguished.
in full

These

plants

occupied

many

acres

of

swampy
effect

land,

and being

bloom were inexpressibly

and

beautiful.

The

was heightened by the margin of the swamps bring

fern.

lined with the

beautiful

Todea superba, breast-high:

in

places this

was so

densely interlaced with the delicate climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum,

that

we had

to cut our

way through." Card.

its

Chron., 1873, p. 1244.

;

Reichenbach had some doubt of

Hot. Mag.,

specific distinctness

and

it

was

afterf.

wards figured under the name of Phaius Blumei

t.

var.

Bernaysii

(Hook.

6032), on the

ground that

it

differed

from P. Blumei
lip

in

colour only, having the inner surface of the sepals, petals, and
yellow, instead of reddish brown.

sulphur
petals
It
is

The back

of the sepals
is

and

white, as in the type, and the contrast of colour

very curious.

does

not seem to be in the self-fertilising condition mentioned by Messrs. Veitch

Manual (vi., p. 11) for the present plant came from is not clear, know from Figi, and from the Indian
in their

flowers open perfectly.

for

Where
is

the
also

this

sulphur yellow form

Iocalitv of this widely-diffused species.

R. A.

Rolfe.

CAPE ORCHIDS.
"A
list of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Cape Peninsula," by Harrv Bolus, F.L.S., and Major A. H. Wooley-Dod, has just appeared
S.

[Trans.

Afr. Phil. Soc, xiv., pp. 207-373),

from which we learn that

117 species of Orchids, belonging to twelve genera, are known from that rather small peninsula, some 40 miles long, with a width varying of from

two

to eight or nine miles.

Disa heads the

list,

with no

less

than fortyauthors

seven species.

Speaking of the more conspicuous kinds the

remark :
" Orchids are numerous in species,

some few

also in individuals.

The

<92

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Disa uniflora

[March, 1904.
in

well-known

heads the

list,

though now seldom seen

quantity, and the beautiful blue species of different hues

D.

graminifolia,

purpurascens and longicornu, the scarlet D. ferruginea, and the lovely

white

D. fasciata occasionally occur

in

considerable

numbers.

Most

of the species of other genera are scattered, and comparatively insignificant in effect, excepting Satyrium coriifolium, which is common, and of which
the flowers, though not large nor growing in masses, are of so vivid a

flame colour as to attract the eye upon the sandy downs."

THE HYBRIDIST.
Cattleya X Hester.
Harrisoniana
2

This
C.

is

a pretty hybrid derived from Cattleya

?
,

and

maxima

from
(gr.

the

collection

of

John

Craven,

Esq.,

The

Beeches,

Keighley

Mr. Corney), sent through

It

Messrs. Charlesworth

most resembles the former in general character, but the flowers are more membranous, and the petals much broader. The flower is white tinged with lilac, and the
Co., Heaton, Bradford.
disc

&

of the lip yellow.

The

plant

is

rather small at present, but

it

is

likely to prove a fine acquisition

when properly

developed.

very handsome hybrid Paphiopedilum has also flowered from the

same collection, of which we have seen the painting by Macfarlane, It was derived from P. X nitens and P. X oenanthum, and thus is a form of P. X triumphans, one of the best of this particular group. Another charming little hybrid sent from the same collection was
derived

from Paphiopedilum villosum

and

P. Charlesworthii 3

Odontoglossum flavescens, Rolfe. This is a rather curious Odontoglossum of the section Myanthum, allied to O. retusum, Lindl., but
differing
in
It

having clear yellow flowers, with a brown margin to the

appears to be a native of Peru and Ecuador, and was intro-

stigma.

duced by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., with whom it first flowered in November, 1889, and subsequently on several occasions. It is also said to have come home among Oncidium undulatum, which it so much resembles
flowered
in general

appearance as to have been sold

for

it,

and the
Recently

differit

ence was not detected until the infloiescence appeared.

in

has
are

the

Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin.

The segments

and sub-connivent, while the blade of the lip is rounded below, with an oblong abtuse apex, and a very large and proThe minent two-lobed crest, which is appressed to the column at its base.
elliptical-oblong in shape,

limb of the

lip is suberect,

not strongly recurved as in O. forcipatum, to

which

it is

also allied.

R. A. R.

March,

9 o 4 .|

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

95

ZYGOCOLAX
A good
plant
of
this

VEITCHII.

handsome hybrid has just flowered in the collection of Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen, producing two spikes, and Mr. Young states that it is the one called variety Kromeri, to which an Award of Merit was given by the R.H.S. in November, 1900 (>. A'., viii.. p. 371). This particular plant is said to have come home in an importation of Brazilian Orchids received by Mr. K. Kromer, Roraima Nursery, Croydon, thus being a natural hybrid. It is therefore the more interesting to he able to compare it with the homeraised form, obtained by crossing Zygopetalum crinitum with the pollen of
Colax jugosus,
far as
I

in

the establishment of Messrs.

can see the two are practically

is

James Veitch and Sons. identical, and I should not call

It

So
tin-

wild plant a variety even, so close

the resemblance.

has long been

known
Brazil,

that the

two parent species were natives of the same district of but we do not remember any previous evidence that they actually
is

grew intermixed, such as

beautiful hybrid, the

now

afforded.

It

is

a very interesting and

flower having an

expanse of three inches, and the

has also an excellent R. A. R.

sepals and petals being green densely spotted with dark brown, while the
lip
is

white closely veined with violet-purple.

It

constitution.

Two
Hall,

meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society

will

be held at the Drill the 8th and 22nd.

Buckingham Gate. Westminster, during March, on

Meetings of the Manchester and North of England Orchid Society

will

The be held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on March 4 th and iSth. Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from
1

to 3 o'clock p.m.

Two
May

special exhibitions of Orchids are

announced
are

in

connection with the

great International Horticultural Exhibition to be held at Diisseldorf, from

last

to October

23rd

next.

The dates
will

May

1st to

3rd,

and

October 21st to 23rd.

The Orchids

be exhibited in a special building,

and the Committee undertake- to pay the carriage of exhibits from and to England, and to put every facility in the way of exhibitors. Prizes to the amount of 700 will be awarded. Cut flowers will be welcomed when it is not convenient to show plants, but Phylloxera certificates must in all cases
be sent.

Schedules

in

English

may

be obtained from

Mr.

J.

O'Brien,

V.M.H., Harrow-on-the-Hill.

94

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
photograph of a remarkably
well-flowered
C.

[March,

specimen of Cattle
(?r.

Mossise from the collection of

J.

Norman

Cookson, Esq.

Mr.

Chapman),
47).

is

given in a recent issue of the Gardeners' Chronicle

ip. ic

The number of racemes and flowers is not stated, but it is one It is said to have been grown in the finest examples we have ever seen. compost of leaf-mould, peat, and sphagnum moss, and promises to be ev
fig.

fine

example of Cymbidium eburneum from the collection of

Miller J.

Mundy, Esq., Shipley Hall, Derby (gr. Mr. J. C. Tallack), is also illustrated (page 99, fig. 44). The plant has been in the collection for some years, and when photographed was bearing thirteen flowers, eight of which were on twin -flowered spikes.

supplementary illustration to the issue

for

February 27th, shows the

Leopold de Rothschild, Esq., Gunnersbury, Park (gardener Mr. G. Reynolds), taken in November, when the varieties of Cattleya labiata were in bloom, and showing a number of well-grown
interior of the Cattleya

House

of

examples, also some flowers of Dendrobium Phalasnopsis.

At a meeting of the Croydon Horticultural Improvement Society held

on February 2nd, a paper was read by Mr.

operations were detailed
ture

W.

P.

Bound, Gatton Park

Gardens, Reigate, entitled " Present-Day Orchid Culture."

:

The

various

potting, choice of materials, watering, temperaartificial

manures was deprecated, but Mr. Bound considered that occasional syringing with soot water was
ventilation.

and

Feeding with

beneficial.

We
ltural

observe that one of the afternoon lectures of

he

Ro }

Society for the current year will be devoted te being July 26th, and the su bject " Orchid varieties and hy
r.

John Bidgood.
i

that

after

the

end
Hall,

June

:etings

will

be held

in

the

n ew
1<

Horticultural

estminster, consequently the

at the usual hour, 3

p.m.
of
the
Scientific

CYPRIPEDIUM MALFORMED.At the meeting

Com-

mittee of the R.H.S., held on February 23rd, Dr. Masters described an

unusual Cypripedium flower from the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence.

two petals, one column with two staminodes, but a three-lobed stigma, and three parietal placentus. It was thus considered as a case of increased number of parts, or an attempt at forming a
It

had four

sepals,

multifold flower.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Moi
ris,
5,

who

has beei 1 one of the partners of the well-known

Messrs. Prothci oe and Morris, Cheapside, for a period

i

E
The
devoted
first

the business, on account of advancing

health,

and our readers

will join us in

nt <f his

well-earned leisure.

number
a very

of Contributions front the Antes Botanical

interesting

Laboratory

is

to

paper

entitled

"A

Contribution to our

knowledge of the Orchid Flora of Southern Florida," by Oakes Ames, with illustrations by Mrs. Oakes Ames ._>2 pages and 12 plates'. It has been
prepared from material collected by Mr. A. A. Eaton, during November

and December, 1903.

several

new

to

About 32 species were found, among them being the Flora of the United States or new to science, the most
it.

interesting of the latter being Tropidia Eatoni

5),

a species of a genus

hitherto only

known from the

known, bears

tropics of the

Old World.
flora of

In an introFlorida, so far

ductory note Mr.

as at present

Ames remarks : " The Orchid

it

a striking resemblance to that of the

is

West

Indies and of Mexico, so that

not altogether surprising to find that

in

out of the total number of species

the following

list

twenty, or nearly

seventy-five per cent., have been collected by

me

in

Cuba, or have been

seen by

me

in collections

from Mexico and Central America."

photograph of a remarkable specimen of Dendrobium speciosum has been sent by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, who received

it

from C. T.
in

Gosper,
natural

Esq.,

of Sydney.

It

is

labelled
is

"Dendrobium

speciosum

growth

and

bloom."'

It

noble specimen,

exceeding the one figured at page 105 of our tenth volume, and is covered with flowers throughout. It must have been a remarkable sight when in
full

bloom.

An
fifteen

inflorescence of a bright yellow form of the

same

species

is

sent by

Messrs.

Hugh Low &

Co., of

Bush

Hill Park.
fifty

The

spikes are said to be

inches long, and to bear from

last

to

eighty flowers.

The

part of the Icones bogoriensis

is

devoted to descriptions and

Malayan Orchids, by J. J. Smith, of Buitenzorg, Java, about 60 species being figured on twenty-five plates, most of them being Dendrobium comes first in point of novelties of botanical interest.
figures of

numbers, with eleven species, and Microstylis next with seven.

96

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

A
fine

March,
Point,

1904.]]

group of Cypripedium insigne

is

at

West

Whalley Range,

the residence of S. Gratrix, Esq.,

(p. 101),

figured in a recent issue of The Garden

and shows excellent culture on the part of Mr. G. Cypher, Mr..

Gratrix's gardener.

ORCHID PORTRAITS.
Bulbophvllum auricomum, Lindl. Bot. Mag., t. 7938. Cattleva X Duchesxei. Rev. Hort. Beige, 1904, p. 3, with Cattleya Mossee. Card. Chron., 1904, p. 107, fig 47. Cymbidium eburneum. Can?. Chron., 1904, i, p. 99, fig. 44.

plate.

i,

Cypripedium insigxe. Garden, 1904, i., p. 101, with fig. Cypripedium X Mortem.- Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 102,103, with
Journ. Hort., 1904,
i,

fi^

p. 113,

with

fig.

Cypripedium X
pp. 92, 93, with
fig.

tessellatum porph\

kki

m. Journ.
i,

Hort.,

1904,

Dexdkobium glomkkatum.

Garden,

1904,

p, 123,

with

nj.-,.

Dendrobium Treacherianum.Journ.
with
fig.

Hort., 1904,

i,

pp.

130,

1.

LJ2LIO-CATTLEYA
1904,
r,

BLETCHLEYEXSIS
fig

RUBY KlNG.Gard.
Hort.,

Chro

p.

88 with suppl.

L.elio-catteeya
p. 157,

X Myra Charleswoethii.Journ.
vars.
i,

1904,

with

fig.

Odoxtoglosstm Pkscatorei,
\'eitchiaxlm.

Lixdexi, Schrcedeeiani m, a
p. 131, fig. 54.

Gard.

Chron..

1904,

1- if L;i-li;i purpLinita look R.N. The"^n eya Fly, an insect figured at page 241 of our eighth volume. 3 dreaded t

MURRAY'S PATENT ORCHID STAND.

H.

A.

BURBERRY S

system of personally Giving Advice and Demonstrating Methods

of Orchid Cultivation insures success and satisfaction.

If

you want

to j^row

Orchids to

perfection

and

for profit

"Try a few on Stands."

leading
Orel

perfection.

MILLIONS SOLD
Patented hy William Murray. !at. Srower to N. ('. Cookson, Esq. n American Well Wor :he British n ,,n Victoria Stu-.-r. London, E.(.
;

ORif'ilDE
ORCHIDS
IN

i;

CULTIVATION.

Price List containing

Concise, reliable, instructive

&

useful,

ORCHIDS.
INSPECTION
1
of
of
is
oiii

ORCHIDS.
r

Orchids, and
resp

range of

ORCHID
330 pages, strongly bound.

HOUSES,

Choice

Cypripediums,

Cendrobiums, &c.

A.

J.

KEELING & SONS,

importers,

rcbio rowers

THE GRANGE NURSERIES,

Westgate
Hill,

SANDER &
ST.

SONS,

Bradford, Yorks.

ALBANS.

ORCHIDS,
/ould profit by consultir

STANLEY, ASHTON &

ivice

Co..
N.,

tsOUIHGATE, LONDON.
and plants would be found, equally good.

ORCHIDS.

HOOLEY
importers
at>

BROS.,
Growers.

BITTERNE PARK, SOUTHAMPTON.

OD0NT0GL0SSUM CRISPUM.
Choice of Fine
i

EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS.

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S

Varieties.
large

and round

flowers for Exhibitic

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P CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA

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EETLECUT E B

A MAPLES,
Ranmoor, SHEFFIELD.
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CO., 16

Coleman Street, London, E.C.

Orchids! Orchids! JOHN COWAN & CO.

HAVE AN IMMENSE STOCK OF ORCHIDS
Tens of Thousands of
in

HEALTHY,

VIGOROUS,

WELL-GBOWN

PLANTS,

Variety; and additions are constantly being made by the Purchasing of Private Collections and otherwise. They earnestly invite the inspection of intending purchasers.
great

Gateacre Nurseries, Gateacre, near Liverpool.

NOTICE TO READERS OF

ORCHID REVIEW
Notice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. This work has been compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible.
continue the records monthly in the Orchid Review, as far as possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing Hybrids. into which the subject ha- fallen. and, we hope, a means of checking
It
is

intended

to

Full details appear in the present issue.

Photo Engravers
Designers

Ulustraters

ZINC AND COPPER PLATES,

Sn line ano 1balf=Cone
all Srtistic for

and Mercantile purposes.

By

Special Appoi

ORCHIDS
A SPECIALITY.

ORCHIDS ORCHIDS
Charlesworth
ffeaton,
Have
a large

&

Co.

QUANTITY IMMENSE.
Inspection of our New Range of Houses
IS

BRADFORD,
fine stock

CORDIALLY INVITED BY

and

of established

and imported Orchids.

HUGH LOW &

BUSH

CO,

HILL PARK,

INSPECTION INVITED.

MIDDLESEX.
WEEKS
&
CO.,
Ltd.
Iborticultural
JBntlfcere

ORCHIDS.
Clean,
healthy,

well-grown plants

at

reasonable

CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY.

Please tvrite for Ltst.

JAMES CYPHER,
EXOTIC NURSERIES,
PatenteesoftheDuplexUprightTubular Boilers,

CHELTENHAM.

KINGS ROAD, CHELSEA.

S.W.

MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND

rcbifc Society

ORCHID HOUSES
A SPECIALITY.
FOR
Conservatories,

Ore h d
i

Hon s e

s,

Ferneries,

Cucumber and
Melon Houses,
Vineries,
ete.

CRISPINS,

*=_

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ORCHID REVIEW:
Hn
3Uustratefc flDonthU? 3ournnl of ivbiooloo^

g^

SEE SPECIAL NOTICE OPPOSITE PAGE 3 OF WRAPPER.

PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY.

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.

he beginning of each
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:

mon

(which

should

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Communications and Books for review, should be addressed : The Editor of the Orchid Review, Lawn Crescent, Kew. Cheques and Postal Orders should be made payable to Frank Leslie & Co., and, to
All

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ensure safety in

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Volumes

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SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.

SENECIO

TANGUTICUS.
Central China.

The
in

yellow, produced

"*i
'

en feet high, during

September.

Award

of

Merit

from

the

Royal

Horticultural Society, September

15th, 1903.

James' Veitch

&

Sons,
LT "

CHELSEA, S.W.

THE ORCHID

REVIEW.

DIES ORCHIDIANI.
;

respecting the forthcoming Orchid

Stud-Book,

(page 65)

is

the most important which

we have had

for

some

time.

About

three years ago

for

we had

a discussion respecting the Registration of Novelties,

was proposed to establish a sort of Central Institution. I then commented on the proposal (vol. ix, p. 97), and was rather curious as to how the idea would develop. Nothing, however, came of it, and now the
which
it

proposal crops up again in another form, at

all

events so far as hybrids are

was an excellent one, but it has evidently been recognised that even a book of Records would rapidly get out of date, and so it is announced that the additions will be recorded monthly in the Review as they appear, arranged on the same
concerned.

The

idea of compiling an Orchid Stud-Book

Such a scheme has long been badly wanted.

calling attention to confusion in nomenclature,

have got rather tired of

it

and indeed

seems of

little

when we have no up-to-date standard of reference. Those who wish to avoid the multiplicity of names for the same hybrid, so frequently complained of, scarcely know where to look for the necessary information as to what crosses have already been raised, so rapidly do the various lists become out of date. And the want of uniformity which has characterised many of
use

the records of recent years, owing to the

existence of several

different
all,

systems, has been rather bewildering.

Some

hybrids have no names at

in

their parentage alone having been recorded,

from the uncertainty as to

some cases has arisen whether they had previously flowered, and the
which

With the praiseworthy desire to avoid adding to the existing confusion. appearance of the Orchid Stud-Book this uncertainty should be removed.

The

prospectus issued states that the work aims at providing a standard of nomenclature, as well as a ready means of ascertaining what hybrids have
raised,

already been

and
will

this

should add immensely to

its

value.

The

appearance of the work I hope all my readers

be awaited with considerable impatience, and

will

show

their appreciation of this very practical

.98

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[April, 1904.

attempt to solve an extremely difficult question by giving the work their The work should be of the greatest utility to every raiser active support.
of hybrid Orchids, and what Orchid grower
is

not also a raiser now-a-days

have watched the controversy respecting the use of leaf-mould with a great deal of interest, and am astonished at the utterly contradictory views
I

expressed by these

who have

tried

it.

The

notes given at pages 89 and go

of your last issue are very good examples of this, but the net result can

scarcely be called satisfactory.

have just come across some further notes

Horticultural Society (Amer. Gard.,
to
as

of the discussion before the

1904, p. 132),

New York

which it may be interesting to reproduce, as it is difficult condense them further. They are entitled " Food for Orchids," and are
follows

:
be well to burst the leaf-mould bubble, and relegate
' '

"

It will

it

to the

place where

We have tried the leaf-mould Jadoo gracefully reposes. carefully, and were at the time anxious to get all there was in it for the They were tried in it for nearly a year, but before the end of that plants. period it was seen to be very injurious; the plants had all wet feet,' the compost having decomposed so rapidly as to wash down among them, and
'

clog the drainage.

yet

This very nearly finished the plants

all

many
tried

have not
in

recovered,

but

suffered,

as

did the

Cattleyas

similar

must not be imagined that these trials were made in a haphazard manner. All potting and subsequent watering was done with my own hands and with judgment with the result that nothing is now used but
It

"

Osmunda
parts
'

root fibre,
is

and there

is

no better material to be had.

stress

" There
of a

altogether too

much

placed upon the

'

component

compost for Orchids. Cultivators have yet to be weaned from the idea that seems all-pervading, that the roots take up from the potting

medium food for their sustenance The only instance that memory
Orchids
in

do other classes of terrestrial plants. brings is of the grower who planted some mechanical substance, such as asbestos, and by judicious
as
results.

watering with plant foods in the liquid states, attained surprising

The great

value of our

sweet and healthy

potash, but this
is

Osmunda root rooting medium

lies in its indestructibility,

remaining a
rich
in

for years.

It

is

said

to be

very slowly available, not nearly sufficiently rapid to

sustain the plants during growth, to say nothing of the drain

vitality

upon

their

during the flowering season.

" Hence,

we were
it

forced to the conclusion that something

was lacking

that the tens of thousands of Orchids imported were being literally starved
to death, for

may

be pretty surely understood that though air plants, air

soil will

alone will not feed them, and being air plants,

not feed them.

"

Aprjl,i 9 c4.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

sulphate,

99

"After experimenting in various ways with water containing nitrate of

soda and

good results derived, but the need was ever felt of a formula that was based on the exact needs of the plants one that would eliminate the element of uncertainty as
see that there were
to strength of solution.

ammonium

we could

was at this stage that Cookson published his formula in the Orchid Review, and he stated that by its employment on plants separated by its use merely otherwise on the same bench he could easily pick out the ones his gardener had applied it to, and in the light of our experience
It

"

this

is

easily believed.
is
:

"

The formula Cookson recommends

three ounces

of nitrate

of

potassium, two ounces of

ammonium phosphate by
is

weight, dissolved in

three gallons of water, then one liquid ounce

gallon of water applied to the plants.

used of this solution to each

in

E. O. Orpet,
I

address before the

Horticultural Society of

New

York."
should suspect too

It is quite clear that

something was wrong.

much

and perhaps the leaf-mould was not of the right kind. But the writer goes into the matter deeply, and gets right down to the reason of things. He speaks of cultivators having yet to be weaned from the pervading idea that the roots of Orchids take up food for their sustenance from the potting medium, like other terrestrial plants. But thousands of Orchids are terrestrial plants, and they certainly obtain their food in the same way. Then he speaks of the indestiuctibility of Osmunda fibre, hence the food supply was insufficient, and he was forced to the conclusion that
water
;

tens of thousands of Orchids were being " literally starved to death "; yet he adds " soil will nor feed them." Now it strikes me that both fallen leaves

and Osmunda fibre come under the head of decaying vegetable matter, though one decays and gives up the food supply too fast and the other not fast enough, so that the happy medium might be found by combining the two in the right proportions. However, Mr. Orpet seems to have found salvation in the use of the "Cookson formula" combined with indestructible

Osmunda
point that

fibre,

though he almost suggests that the

latter

might be replaced
results.

by some such material as asbestos, with equally good

is

The one

clear to

me

after a perusal of the article

is

that the " compost

it

must be of the
necessary food.

right mechanical composition,

and that
is

must contain the

of secondary

How
It
is

the food

is

to be got there
that, in

a matter

importance.

well

known

a wild state, epiphytic Orchids

derive a great part of their food supply from decaying vegetable matter, in

which decaying leaves form no inconsiderable item. If cultivators can find an efficient substitute, well and good but in cases of failure it is not so much
;

i:he fault of the leaves as of the

method

of using them.

One may have

too

ioo

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

leaves

[April,

9<
i

much

and too
all

little

drainage, and in

some cases other ingredients

in

necessary, for
respect,

Orchids do not grow under identical conditions

tl
\

by any means.

The

last

word on

this question has evidently not

But

let

us turn to a

more

poetic subject, namely, the " return of spring,"

:

as seen by Mr.

Lewis Morris

" Just at present

it is

in the carefully

tended

glasshouses that the

I

first files of

the advancing pageant are most fully seen.

know nothing pleasanter than the air of such a place, not unduly warm or damp not devoted to the uncanny Orchid, which spells death to so many honest lads who come out at dawn from the reeking heat to be stricken with I know not cruel east wind " (GarJ. Chrott., 1904, ii. p. 193). death by the
;

whether

comes under the head of poetic licence, but I fear that th& Orchidological education of this gentleman has been somewhat neglected. Argus.
this

MILTONIA VEXILLARIA.
Under
article
(p.

the

title

" Success with Miltonia vexillaria "

we

find an interesting

by Mr. E. O. Orpet in Aincricnn Gardening for February 27th 132), accompanied by a photograph of a fine plant of what looks sur-

prisingly like

M. X Bleuana.

Mr. Orpet recommends pans in preference to

pots, as the plants are shallow-rooting subjects,

and

it

may

be noticed in
is

repotting that the roots are always near the surface.

Repotting

done

when the new growth new roots are emitted

once,
the plants

is

about half developed, this being the time when

in quantity, fully

and

fresh material

is

taken hold of at
After

becoming

established at

flowering time.

flowering the plants are allowed to rest and recuperate in a cool

place, watering being given as needed,

shady

and

in early

grow again.
is

winter temperature of 50

to

autumn they begin to* is recommended, and 55

during the four winter months, any direct sunlight that reaches the plants
considered beneficial, as
it

imparts to the foliage a ruddy bronze tint that

denotes healthy conditions and a promise of abundant bloom.

in the air
is

Humidity
avoided, as

beneficial at all times, but spraying overhead

is

is

water lodging at the base of the leaves

liable to

cause decay.
"

The
for

compost

is

not mentioned.

Mr. Orpet deprecates using the plants

lost

room decoration, as he once

a very

fine lot of plants

through

it.

The

graceful arching sprays last often six

weeks on the plants, and we had. branching stems, one of which bore fourteen flowers, and the display wasbeautiful. When the flowers had passed, however, we found that the, plants had, too for not one survived the ordeal."

April, 1904]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

toi

ORCHIDS FROM WESTON-SUPER-MARE.

A
beautiful
series

of flowers

is

sent

from the collection of

W. M.

Appleton,

Esq., of Weston-super-Mare;

mostly hybrid Paphiopedilums,

and containing a good proportion of novelties. First, however, must be mentioned a flower of Laslia superbiens, which is rather interesting, as the plant from which it was cut is said to have come home in a piece of white Lselia anceps, thus affording evidence that the two grow together. An abnormal flower of some Paphiopedilum is very puzzling, as it consists of four sepals in opposite pairs, a whorl of four undulate petals, two imperfect lips, four anthers, a single staminode, and one stigma all more or less abnormal which suggests that in some way two flowers have become fused together. Last year a flower sent from the same plant was also abnormal,

as described at page 127 of our

last

volume.

It

appears to be a hybrid of

P. Spicerianum, possibly a form of P.

Paphiopedilum

villexul

X Medeia. (villosum X exul) is

a striking and beautiful

hybrid, having flowers of intermediate shape, and bright yellow in colour,

with a broad white margin

to

the dorsal sepal, on the centre of which are

numerous very dark brown blotches, with some smaller ones at the base of the petals. P. X Madiotianum is a pretty hybrid from P. villosum X Chamberlainianum, retaining much of the general habi: of the latter, but a
greater approach to P. villosum in the details of the flower.
P.

Kamilii

agrees with the preceding, except that P. Boxallii replaces P. villosum as the seed parent, and there

more brown on the dorsal sepal, and the In a petals have more of the shape and reticulations of that parent.
is

similar
P.

way

P.

Venilia agrees with P.

replaces P.

Madiotianum, except that

Victoria-Mariae

Chamberlainianum as the pollen parent.

58.

The
lip

seedling agrees well with the original, described at page

is

The

influence of the pollen parent

very obvious

in

the shape and colour of the

Another pretty hybrid was raised from P. X Leeanum Masereelianum X Chamberlainianum, and thus is a form of P. X Mariae. It recently received an Award of Merit from the R. H. S. under the name
and
petals.

of Cypripedium

Morteni.

It

resembles the preceding hybrid

in

habit,

but has some handsome purple markings on the dorsal sepal and petals. P. X Dowlingianum (insigne X Psyche) is a gem, having a cream-yellow
flower with large purple blotches on the dorsal sepal, and smaller ones on

the petals.
(bellatulum

It is said to

be

much
is

better than the original.

P.

Phcebe

philippinense)

handsome
Elsie

hybrid, quite intermediate in

character, which Mr. Appleton describes as one of the best and darkest

forms he has yet raised.

another charming thing,

P.
fairly

(Boxallii
in

Charlesworthii)

is

intermediate

character, but

most

re-

sembling the

latter in the colour of the dorsal sepal, while

the whitish

io2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

P.

[April, 1904.

staminode bears a very prominent yellow central tooth.

Schlesinger-

ianum

is

represented by one of the finest forms

dorsal sepal exceptionally
:

we have

seen, having the

blotches on the

large.

We

now proceed

to

describe briefly the novelties

P.
P.

X Irene
villexul,

(Boxallii

X
is

exul) bears a considerable resemblance

to

more green, the dorsal sepal has a broader white margin, and the staminode and lip are rather smaller. On the whole it has rather more of the P. exul shape.
but the flower
P.

X Yolande

(barbatum

exul)

is

a neat

and well-coloured
is

flower,,
base,.

most resembling the former parent.

colour
is

The

dorsal sepal

green at the

with some small blackish spots, and between this and the white margin the
purple.

The

petals are intermediate in

shape, greenish suffused

;

with purple, except at the base, where they are spotted with dark brown
while the
P.
lip is suffused

with purple.

X Margery

(tonsum

exul)

most resembles the former parent in

is

shape and colour.

suffused with

The

dorsal sepal

ovate, with a broad white margin,,

the central part being green spotted with brown.

light

The The

petals are green,

purple,

and the basal part well spotted with brown,

exul character
is

while the

lip is

greenish suffused with light purple.

not very apparent, but can be traced in the staminode.

P.

X Sally

(barbatum from which

X
it

Sallied
differs in

Hyeanum)

recalls
its

a light form of

P. Ashburtonae,

having part of

insigne parentage

replaced by P. villosum.
P.

It is likely to

be a vigorous grower.

X Ethel
is

(Stonei

Chamberlainianum) has much of the habit of

former
;

the latter, but

petals,

most

like the

in floral

details,

having attenuate

and an acute dorsal sepal also some brown striping on a light ground. Like some of the others, it is probably not yet fully developed.
P.

X Muriel (Chamberlainianum X tonsum) is most like an enlarged edition of the former, but is paler in colour. The dorsal sepal is greenish, and bears many small brown dots; the petals undulate, and also much
dotted with brown, while the lip
P.
habit.
is

suffused with light purple.

X Dorothy
The
at

(Victoria- Marias
is

insigne)

is

most

like the

former in

dorsal sepal

green with a cream-yellow margin, an irregular

and some brown spots above; the petals undulate, and yellowish with some brown markings the lip light reddish brown, and the staminode yellow. It is a very attractive hybrid.
purple blotch
the
ba^e,
;

P.
little

X Vera (Spicerianum X
hybrid,
it

Godefroyse leucochilum)
P.

is

an elegant
In

somewhat

recalling

X Enid

in

general

character.

most resembles the pollen parent, but the dorsal sepal and petals are heavily veined and reticulated with purple, while a suffusion of the latter colour largely obscures the yellow ground colour. The staminode
shape

April, 1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

in

105

and

lip

are paler

colour.
is

It

is

very promising, and Mr. Appleton

remarks that the plant

at present very small.

P X ixgens
P. insigne

is

a remarkably vigorous hybrid, supposed to be from

It
is

Rothschildianum.

most

like

the

former

in

general

character, but the petals are broader, not horizontal, suffused with purple-

brown, and spotted at the base, while the acute dorsal sepal

is

spotted
in

much like P. insigne, except that the spots The plant has been noticed for a long time
strong growths before flowering.

arc

somewhat continent

lines.

as very distinct, and

made

six

Odontoglossum X Coradinei.

curious form

of Odontoglossum

Coradinei has just flowered with Mr. James O'Brien, Harrow -on-the
It is

Hill.

rather small, and has numerous dots and small blotches on the

lower part of the sepals and petals, the basal ones being quite line-like in
character.

Owing
it,

to

this

at

first

thought there were traces of O.

I

gloriosum in

but other characters are not in agreement, and

find traces

of similar markings in certain forms of O.

Lindleyanum.

This parent

comes out very strongly in the flower, while the broader more membranaceous segments show the influence of O. crispum. The plant is
very small at present.
It is

rather curious that the hybrid between O. Lindleyanum and O.

I

gloriosum has not yet been recognised.

its

pointed out the probability of

p.

existence

over ten years ago (0. R.,

i.,

277),

but

nothing

is

yet

ORCHIDS FROM STREATHAM.

A very
R- G.
beautiful series of

Dendrobiums

is

sent from the

collection

of

First may be Streatham (gr. Mr. Black). Thwaites, Esq., of mentioned a flower of the chaste D. nobile virginale, raised from seed, from self-fertilised flowers. The seedlings were mentioned at page 259 of our last volume, and it is interesting to find that they come true from
seed,

as has been the

is

case with several other albinos.

Dendrobium X

Thwaitesias

flowering for
disc;

by three quite diverse forms, from seedlings now represented One has buff yellow flowers with a red-maroon the first time.

has whitish flowers, with a red-purple disc is larger, and while the third is rather small, and has light purple segments, brighter towards the apex, and the disc dark maroon in front, but broken up into
the second radiating lines behind.

flower of D.

Wiganiae

is

said to be from a

plant bearing over one hundred flowers, and must have been very effective.

io 4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

X
X
Ellisii

[April, 1904.

D. D.

album
is

is

a very pretty form, having white flowers, bearing

traces

of a pair of small

purple spots at the base of the yellow disc.

Cybele

represented by four very pretty forms, obtained from D.

nobile elegans

D. Findlayanum,
var.
lip,

now

flowering for the

first

time,

which

should develop into good things.

sent
;

Two

good forms of D. nobile are also

is

one called Thwaites'

has very broad segments, with a very dark

while the other

blackish-maroon disc to the

D.

n.

murrhiniacum, a

splendidly developed flower, having the disc bright rose-pink instead of

maroon.

Lastly

may

be mentioned a remarkable series of nine forms of a

flowering for the
time.

Dendrobium X Blackianum, now

was obtained by crossing a
Wiganiae.
fine

first

It

D. Findlayanum with the pollen of D.

is

The range
size,

of

variation

remarkable.

There

are

three

buff-yellow forms, with the disc of the lip reddish-maroon,

and somewhat

varying in

and one

paler, whitish yellow form,

with only traces of a

pair of small purple spots at the base of the yellow disc.

Four others have

pale blush
all

one of them having small purple tips to the segments, while have a purple disc to the lip, in two cases surrounded by a narrow zone
lips,

more like a large form of D. Findlayanum, with the upper halves of the sepals and petals and apex of the lip rosy purple, and the disc light reddish-maroon, surrounded by a narrow yellow zone, shading off to cream colour. Thus there are forms approaching each of the parents, and some of them are likely to develop into line things. The flowers all
of yellow.
last is

The

bear evidence of excellent culture.

Orchid Sale at Wilmslow.

of E. Ashworth, Esq.,
Harefield

sale of duplicates

from the collection

place

Hall,

Wilmslow,

took

on the

premises on March 23rd and 24th, the auctioneers being Messrs. Protheroe

and Morris, of Cheapside.

for a plant of

The

highest figure reached was 340 guineas,

var.

Odontoglossum crispum

Ashworthianum, the purchasers

This
is

being Messrs. McBean, of Cooksbridge.

said to have been the

highest price which a single plant has ever fetched under the

hammer.

young growth just appearing. beautiful albino Cattleya amethystoglossa Sanderse was purchased by Mr. Duckworth for 200 guineas but beyond these few high prices were realised. C. superba alba fetched 31 guineas. Plants of Cypripedium
a
;

The The

plant consisted of one health\- bulb with

insigne

Harefield

Hall

var.

averaged

about

or

12

guineas each,

and some choice seedlings two to three guineas each, but good plants of many well-known kinds fetched only a few shillings. The sale was attended by buyers from London, Manchester, Liverpool, and
other centres.

April, 1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

SCUTICARIA STEELEI.

.05

Steelei is a very striking Orchid, having long, whip-like foliage, which sometimes attains a length of three to four feet, while its flowers, which are borne on short pedunces from the rhizome, are eery handsome, being light yellow, strongly blotched and barred with red
Scuticaria
brown.

The annexed

figure

of a plant
its

which flowered

in
is

the

Royal

Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, shows

general character, and

reproduced
has been
i>]..

from a photograph taken by Mr.

Leo Farmar.
in

The

species

known

since 1837,

when

it

flowered

the collection of John

Moss.

of Otterspool, near Liverpool, and was figured

(*

in

the Botanical

Magazine

under the name of Maxillaria Steelei. It had been introduced 3573), from Demerara in the previous year by Mr. Matthew Steele, after whom it

was named.
Messrs.

It

afterwards became the type

it

of

the genus

Scuticaria.

Schomburgk afterwards found

in

their exploration

of British

Guiana, growing on trunks of trees on the banks of the Rivers Essequibo and Demerara, and flowering in June and July. Although large quantities

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

have been introduced,
perhaps, because
it
it

1
[Ap
in

cannot be called

common

cultivation, partly,
It

is

not a very accommodating plant.

little

should be

attached to a block of wood, with a

fibrous peat

and

living

sphagnum

about

its roots,

and be placed
freely

in the

position,

and syringed

warmest house, in the lightest possible during the growing season. Very little is
it

known

of the conditions under which

grows

in

a wild state.

LEAF-MOULD FOR ORCHIDS.

Much
has been already written upon this subject, and those

who have had

Still

experience of the material under proper conditions are inclined to consider

the question as

seem

to be

now definitely settled, and many who have not met with

settled in its favour.

there

success in using
I

it.

You, Mr.

Editor, have asked for further notes from cultivators, and

experiences, in the hope that they

send you

my

with

difficulties in its use, or that

may be a guide it may induce a

to those

who

are meeting

further trial from those

who, most

likely

from non-observance of essential conditions, have returned

to the old mixture of peat

and moss.
first

was told that the Belgian mould was the only one that could be used with any prospect of success, and my first trials were made with this. At the time, havii
leaf-mould was

When

suggested to me,

plentiful supply of

oak leaves,

began

prepare a material of
it

my

<

When

this

was ready

for use, I sent

samples of les

Belgian and of the Belgia:

to

analyst,

who gave me
Water

the followin

BELGIAN.
(lost at

ENGLISH.

212F.)
...

4573
20-60
34

* Vegetable

matter

5072 3378
-24
-08

Lime
Phosphoric acid
Potash
Alkaline salts, magnesia, etc.
.

09 24

'13

1-43

ro6
I3-99

(Oxides of iron and alum na.)

Sand

31-57

^Containing nitrogen

58

-68

The Analyst added

grow
in

that he did no

the one soil

any reason why plants that would should not equally flourish in the other, and his
see

opinion has been fully justified.

From
analysis.

that time

used

my

o\v

n material, and no other, but

it

mix a

greater proportion

of sand with

than

is

mentioned

in

the English

We

are

now (March)

u sing last

autumn's oak leaves, and our


THE ORCHID REVIEW.
is

April, 1904.]

107

method of preparation some substance which

is

to store

them together
This heap
is

in a

heap, placing them

:

on-

will prevent

worms reaching them

left

a cement floor

the best, but boards will do.

in

the open for about

three to four months, being occasionally turned over in order to prevent

fermentation, and then

cut up by machine

it

is

removed

into a potting shed.

When
for this

dry

it

is

we have adapted an old lawn mower

With
the addition of

purpose

the result being a material consisting of small dry pieces of leaves, of about the size of a threepenny piece.

some

fine sand,

it

is

then ready
I

for use.
insist too strongly that

cannot

the method oi preparing the material

soil is fatal to

should ensure absence of worms; their presence in the

culture.

good

Consisting as
springy nature
into
;

it

does of half decayed leaves, the material

it

is

of a very

therefore in potting the plants

the

pots
of

otherwise,

as

it

decays,

it

must be pressed firmly subsides too much, to the

covering of moss
is

detriment
essential
;

the
I

plants'

welfare.

A
;

thick
in

most

for pots

use
is

it

about two inches

in fairly tight

depth, and care should be

it

taken that the moss

put

for

pans

need not bs so deep.

:

As a rule, plants should be repotted every two years still, I have had some plants doing well which have been left longer. One which I have at present must have been five years in the same soil. It is a fine specimen of Laslio-cattleya X elegans. When I purchased it, it had evidently been potted about two years, but it was not ready for the operation, and afterwards the bulb made such a good giowth that I left it alone, and it has gone on ever since exceedingly well of course the watering had to be very
;

carefully

including including

The bulb made in 1902 measured 11 inches, or The 1903 bulb measures 18 inches, or the leaf ift. Iiin. But the plant is now over the pot, and must the leaf, 2ft. 6|in.
attended
to.

be repotted this year.

This, however,

is

a very exceptional case.

:

Now

as to the treatment of the plant after potting

let

me

say, with the

is

greatest emphasis possible, that the cardinal point in leaf-mould culture

the watering.
is

In

my

opinion, for those

who can grow Orchids

I

at all, there

practically no other question to be considered.

am

not speaking of

those amateurs or those gardeners

potting material
is

who

kill

their Orchids,

no matter what
plants: the

used, but of those

who can grow

these

whole question of leaf-mould versus peat is care in watering. in the Intermediate house are gone over once a week. The plants if they wanted water, get it from a can with a thin Those that look as
spout, and half of this spout
is

blocked up with wood.

Consequently, only
is

a small trickle leaves the can, and

when
;

the thick pad of moss

moistened,

moss is the indicator, and make sure no plant we go on to the next. The far preferable is it to starve the plant. the moss wants it is watered until

io8

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

of

[April,
I

9o4.

Some
at

my

Cattleya Trianae have gone six weeks without any.

soil

have

almost come to the conclusion that the

all,

does not require any watering

;

or only at very infrequent intervals

if

the moss

is

kept damp,

One may really say that the enough moisture reaches the leaf-mould. object to be aimed at is not to keep the material moist, but rather to keep it from becoming dry. Occasionally we come across a plant that has slightly shrivelled and this is more often due to the presence of worms in the soil than to any
;

other cause

their action destroys the properties of the

leaves, reducing

them

to a sticky

mass, and the roots decay rapidly.

is

The

best

remedy

is

to

repot the plant, and with leaf-mould this

much

easier operation than

with peat.
Cattleyas, Lselias, Oncidiums, Dendrobiums,

and

in fact nearly

every

kind grown

in

the Intermediate and the East Indian House, with the

exception of Cypripediums, have immensely benefited by the change from

peat to leaf-mould.

We

have always done Cattleya

difficult
it

Percivaliana well.
I

It is

sometimes
it,

considered a

subject

but unless

had experienced

would
good,

never have believed

in leaf

possible to effect such a change.

When
;

established
in a

mould, growths seem to start from every dormant eye

cases, the foremost bulbs

many

make

new bulb on each

side,

and one

two, or even three growths start from back bulbs, according to the size of
the plants.

The

flowering growths generally produce two and very often

three flowers apiece.

I

can hardly recall any kinds that do not benefit by the change in the
houses
referred
to.

two

Plants

with

creeping

rhizomes

such

as

Zygopetalum Gautieri, do well on a Tree-fern stem, and these of course are not suitable for pot culture. Oncidium crispum, even weak pieces, does well and puts on large bulbs. Small spindly plants of Lselia tenebrosa

make

great improvement,

and some small weakly plants of Dendrobium

three times the size of the
I

Phalsenopsis have put on

old ones.

new bulbs twice and

would

But

at the

same time
in

like to

caution growers against

attempting to establish
roots.
I

leaf-mould a sickly plant with few or no good

much prefer to strengthen its constitution by a season in peat and moss, and when furnished with a good stock of roots, transfer them to the new material. For Cypripediums in my experience it is not suitable mine have never done well with it, and they are now all back in peat and some in yellow loam. Some growers say that flowers from plants grown in leaf-mould are not strong, and that they do not last so long when cut as those from plants
;

potted in peat and moss.

difference, except that

My

experience

is

that there

is

no perceptible

from the stronger bulb one gets more flowers.

April, 1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

io9

As regards Odontoglossum crispum, and the other inhabitants of the Cool house, I cannot speak with much knowledge. One thing I have
resolved, viz., never again will

the
it,

new

material.

lost

endeavour to establish imported crispum in nearly 40 per cent, of an importation by trying

I

and we were very careful with the watering, but perhaps not careful enough. As I have said above, I do not like it for weak plants or plants without roots, though I may say here that I have used it for imported
Cattleya labiata, and never lost one.
well in
it.

The Cool house Oncidiums

;

all

do

Odontoglossum Pescatorei seems to revel in it hung up near the hght, it makes very fine bulbs, and throws large branched spikes: one plant recently flowering for the first time, had about one hundred flowerson one spike.
Otherwise
a layer

my
;

only
but

trial

of

it

with O. crispum was

with a

lot

of

established plants

we made the mistake of surfacing the material with of peat and moss. The result was interesting though not satisfactory.
in the

On

turning out the plants, the roots

majority of cases were strong

;

and healthy so long as they kept to the peat and moss but died as soon as they touched the leaf-mould. The latter was a caked sodden mass why ? Because the plants were watered when the peat wanted it, and it wanted it
;

long

before

the

leaf-mould did.

Here and there we found a

I

different

condition of

affairs.

Some

plants had escaped this over-watering, whether

by chance or because of
strong, healthy,

better drainage

cannot say, and their roots were

No better and permeating the mould in every direction. proof was needed that it was only the watering that did the mischief. I have not tried it further for O. crispum. Those that survived of the imported
plants referred to previously, are doing excellently, but
I

really

cannot

conscientiously say that they are doing better than the rest of
that are in peat.
still I

my
I

crispums
;

do so well that I mean to go on making fresh trials, and

latter

The

hesitate to
it is

make the change

quite possible

may

yet

have
I

all

my

established crispums in the

new

material.
i

use

may say that I do not consider the syringe is a good too much water gets into the pots. Our plants get thei
The
vt

refreshment

frequently during the day in suitable weather, from a very fine automatic
sprayer.

outside weather conditions are the sole guide as to

let

it

use.
leaf-

In conclusion,

me

say that

am

absolutely

convinced that

proper care, gives far and away better results than peat for the plants mentioned in the preceding remarks. The reservation I have

mould,

ith

I do not two words "proper care," means everything. think written words will teach anyone nothing but actual experience is of

made

in these

amateurs who are thinking of trying it, let me Therefore to any advise them only to pot up a few plants to begin with, and as the

much

use.

experience

is

gained

let

them

operations to their more valuable extend their

no
specimens.
for the care

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

To my
excellent gardener, Mr.

[April,
I

9c4.

W.

H. Young-,

am
I

indebted

and attention he has devoted

to this

new

material.

am

sure

he

feels

that the results he has obtained in the increased vigour of the

plants under his charge have

amply repaid
is
I

all

the trouble he has taken over

is

them.

But

this

proper care

so very essential, and

after all so

seldom

given by the average gardener, that

am

not

surprised at the adverse

opinion so often expressed in the

mould

will kill
its

plant

Review. Careless culture with leafwhere the same carelessness with peat would
on
this care,
I

only stunt

growth.
rely

should say a mixture of peat

I

jan less risk to the plants.

cannot say what

say, increase the

proportions of each material should be used, but

would

proportion of leaf-mould as you find you can trust your gardener.

Leaf-

mould does give better

Reverting for a

results

than peat, therefore get to the unmixed

material as soon as you can.

moment

to the analysis previously mentioned,

it

may be

in comparing the added that the analystJohn Hughes, Esq., F.I. two samples of leaf-mould, remarked " The Belgian sample contains
:

nearly one-third of
is

its

weight of sand, and

regarded so favourably.
effected in the

Probably

its

am surprised value may be due

I

to learn that
to the

it

improve-

ment
I

mechanical condition of the

soil

with which

it

may be
:

mixed.
find

by calculation that one ton of each mould would only contain BELGIAN. ENGLISH.
-

Phosphoric Acid Potash -

i^
3

lbs.

lbs.

Lime
Nitrogen

5a 18

7*
13
,,

The Belgian
matter.

is

certainly drier,

and contains
I

slightly

more Phosphoric

Acid, Potash and Lime, but less Nitrogen in the form of decaying vegetable

For the purposes of potting

should certainly think that the

English quality should be fully as useful as the Belgian."

J.

Wilson Potter.

"

Elmwood," Croydon.

EPIPHYTIC ORCHIDS AND THEIR SUPPORT.

It
is

known

that most Orchids, like

many

other plants, harbour in their

act the part of intermediaries

roots

endophytic

Fungi.

These Fungi

between the Orchids,

interesting to

and the medium on which they grow, and it is study their mutual relations, which are far from unimportant.
that epiphytic Orchids generally confine themselves to

In

fact,

we know

April, 1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

In of

some

particular habitat.

South

America,
Cujete

ma

trunks

of

tree-ferns

or

Cresceutia

Pandanus, &c.

M. Jacob de Cordemoy has made a study of tin between the Vanilla plant and its support, and he has c<

Academy

of Sciences at Paris, the result of his observatiatrial

that there exists between the lateral and

roots of

support to which they cling,

mycorhiza, or a combii

with

an

endophytic

fungus.
strict

The endophyte

throi

mycelium, which forms a

its living

connection between th

support.

This morphological connection proba

able to

some physiological connection, the Fungus being

Orchid.

of the living support certain nutritive principles useful to

In this case theie would be a real symbiotic

between the mycorhiza and the roots of the Orchid.

Re

THE HYBRIDIST.
Lj2LIO-cattleya X Glycera. A year ago we received from the collection of Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, the inflorescence of
a very pretty
little

hybrid between Cattleya Trianae and Laelia rupestris,

it

but owing to pressure

failed to get recorded.

it

Mr. Young has

to be a very

now

again
little

sent a three-flowered inflorescence, showing

plant. Laelia

charming

rupestris

is

rare

Brazilian

species

closely
its

resembling

L. flava in almost every respect but that of colour, but

purple.

flowers are deep

The hybrid most resembles

this parent, the inflorescence

sent

being a foot long, and the flowers having an expanse of 3^ inches. The sepals and petals are widely spreading, lanceolate oblong in shape, and

deep lilac-purple

in colour

while the front of the lobe

is

much

deeper

and but little expanded as in hybrids of L. cinnabarina and the disc and side-lobes are lilac veined with purple. The poilinia are those of Laelio-cattleya, four large and four small, and the influence of the Cattleya parent is also seen in the increased size and
purple, very crispo-undulate,

most resembles the Laelia parent. It is a charming little plant. An inflorescence of the same hybrid was exhibited at the last meeting of the R.H.S., from the collection of the Hon.
modified details, but in
floral

characters

it

Walter Rothschild, M.P.

Dendrobil.m X Myra.
D. signatum
<?,

A very pretty hybrid from the collection of Sir

J

Trevor Lawrence, Bart., derived from Dendrobium Linawianum

and

which was exhibited

at the last

meeting of the R.H.S.

The

flower

is

bright buff-yellow, with a claret-purple disc,

and a deep-

ii2

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

zone surrounding the
disc.

[April, 1904.

yellow

There

is

considerable

general

resemblance to D.

Wiganiae xanthochilum, and D.

X Melpomene, two
The

other hybrids of D. signatum, of which flowers are also sent for comparison,

but the present one has a smaller disc, and some other differences.

two other hybrids mentioned were derived from D. nobile and D. Ainsworthii respectively, and as the latter is half nobile, which species
three hybrids
is

X
is

nearly allied to the Chinese D. Linawianum, the general resemblance of the

easily explained.
It is likely to

develop into a handsome

thing

when

the plant becomes strong.

ORCHIDS FROM PENARTH.

and beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of Neale, Esq., of Penarth, by Mr. E. W. Davy. First may be mentioned J. J. part of an inflorescence of Oncidium tigrinum, grown in leaf-compost, as described at page 90 and a most beautiful thing it is, with the flowers beautifully developed, and the lips an inch and a half broad. There is no trace of want of substance in the flowers, and we find that they last well in water. It is, in fact, a fine thing for cutting. Flowers of Oncidium
interesting
;

Several

olivaceum also sent are said to have been out

Cebolleta
is

for

eleven weeks.

O. Oits

a very pretty species said to be

flowering very freely.

serratum Mr.

Davy

thinks

is

one of the

prettiest of striking.

Oncidiums, and

much

crisped

segments are certainly very

is

fine

flower of

Angraecum superbum
been out
for ten

taken from an eight-flowered raceme, which has

weeks, and

Paphiopedilum

X Harrisianum

has been

expanded since the end of November. A very pretty form of Cattleya Trianae has a bright crimson front lobe to the lip, and the disc bright yellow, with the rest of the flower white. It is from a small plant, and is

Epidendrum is represented by part of an inflorescence of E. Stamfordianum and the bright yellow E. xanthinum, and Vanda by the handsome V. tricolor var. planilabris. The Odontoglossums form a charming little group, and include O. crispum and O. c. guttatum,
likely to develop into

a fine thing.

the latter very prettily spotted with red-brown on

inflorescence

all

the segments

a good

of O. constrictum,

the charming O. nsevium, a good O.

Coradinei, O. cordatum, and three forms of O. Rossii.

The

latter

Mr. Davy
others.

thinks suffers from lack of sunshine during the winter more than

many

Lastly

may

be
It

mentioned

a spike of
in

seed-pods

apparently
Orchids,

of

some
in

Polystachya.

came home

a case of

various

including

Angraecums, from Ashantee,

W.

Africa,

which are said to have arrived

is

splendid condition, and their flowering

looked forward to with great

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

DIACRIUM BICORNUTUM.
ration represents a very tine
specii

nvered at

Kew

soi

ho was then

in

of the Orchid

houses.

n example, producing a do. Jo/lii spikes of flower

the character of being dime

arises

from growing

it

under uns

species indi( ;ates a high temperatt

these condit ions

it

is

very successfn

to be the m< >st convenient receptac

ii 4

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

[April, 1904.

sphagnum moss forms a suitable compost. The climatal conditions, however, seem the most important, and Warm house treatment is essential to success. The species has been known for about seventy 3'ears, having been originally described and figured in 1834, under the name of Epidendrum
bicornutum (Hook. Bot. Mag.,
t.

3332), from a plant

which flowered

in the
It

collection of Earl Fitzwilliam, at

Went worth,

in April of that year.

had

been introduced by Messrs. Shepherd, of

locality

Liverpool,

from Trinidad, a
it

from whence

it

has since been frequently imported, and where

islets so close to

is

said to

grow on rocks on small

the sea that they must

often be bathed with salt spray.

was found by Sir Robert Schomburgk, in Demerara, growing on the trunks of trees by the River Berbice. It has also been found on the Essequebo and Corentyne Rivers, as well as on the Kwaimatta Savannah, in Guiana, and on the Island of Tobago. It is one of a few species having hollow pseudobulbs, which are
Afterwards
it

tenanted by small ants, which find ingress through a small

that invariably occurs in the

cleft at

the base,

new growths.

It

is

a very beautiful species

when

well grown.

SOCIETIES.
A meeting
of Orchids.

of this Society

was held

at the Drill Hall,

Buckingham Gate,

Westminster, on March 8th, when there was a large and interesting display

H. Schroder, The magnificent group, for which a

Baron
Sir

Dell,

Egham

(gr.

Mr. Ballantine), staged a

It

Silver-gilt

Flora Medal was awarded.

contained fine

forms

of Cattleya Trianae, Cypripedium

Deedmani-

X Lathamianum with Calanthe Regnieri, C. X Baron

anum, C.

eleven flowers,

C.

macrochilum,

Odontoglossum X Adrianae memoria Victoria? Reginae, O. crispum Mrs. H. G. Moon, Latlia X vitellina, Epidendrum X dellense, Masdevallias, Sophronitis, and others.
Schroder pallida,

J.Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), gained a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group, containing forms of Phaius X Norman, the purple Masdevalha cucnllata, M. rosea, good varieties of Cattleya Trianae Vanda Cathcartii, Cymbidium X Lowio-eburneum, Odontoglossum
Edwardi, forms of O. crispum, Brassavola nodosa, Dendrobium

Ellisii,

and the rare Acineta X Humboldtii, which received an Award of Merit. R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Christchurch Road, Streatham (gr. Mr. Black),
received a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, including several
varieties of

Dendrobium X Thwaitesiae, D. Wiganiae, D.

nobile murrhini-

acum, D. n. virginale, raised true from seed, D. X Blackianum (Findlayanum X Wiganiae), a fine hybrid described on page 104, D X Cybele elegans, Odontoglossum crispum, Ladio-cattleya x warnhamensis, &c.

April, 1904.J

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Esq.,

n5
Mr. Stevens), obtained

W.Thompson,

Walton Grange, Stone

(gr.

a Silver Banksian Medal for a small -roup, including Odontoglossum X Adrianae Babette, a fine O. X crispo-Harryanum purpureum, several good

forms of O.
of Merit for

waltonense, and two dark O.

(gr.

Vuylstekei.

Mrs. Haywood, Woodhatch, Reigate

Mr. Salter), received an Award

a large and

Dendrobium X melanodiscus gloriosum,

disc.

handsome

form, having the segments tipped with rosy purple, and an orange band

surrounding the maroon purple

N.

C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood,

curious

Wylam-on-Tyne

(gr.

Mr. Chapman),

exhibited the

Dendrobium Mac-jap (MacCarthia X japonicum),

having white flowers tinged with pink, and D.

burfordiense
to the lip,

nobile-Wigani;e mobile
a

Wiganije), having white flowers with

lines

sulphur yellow disc

as
in

and some purple

a

on the
given

lateral

sepals,

the seed

parent.

An Award

of Merit

was

to

Odontoglossum

crispum

Kinlesideanum,
lined with
It
is

peculiar form having the

petals tinged with n>se

and

cinnamon-brown, somewhat
1,

after the fashion of O. e.

i.,

Lady Jane

figured in Rcichenbachia (ser.

vol.

p. 103,
(gr.

t.

45).

J.

W.

Potter,

Esq.,

Elmwood, Croydon

Mr.

W.

Young), showed

Odontoglossum crispum Rossendale, a fine white form tinged with purple, and having large red-brown blotches on the lower halves of the segments.
which deservedly received an Award of Merit. W. Cobb, Esq., Tunbridge Wells (gr. Mr. Howes), showed a fine specimen of Leptotes bicolor, which gained a Cultural Commendation. Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), received a Cultural Commendation for a well-grown plant of Dendrobium X Luna.

H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), exhibited Dendrobium aggregatum majus, well-grown and heavily flowered, to which a Cultural Commendation was awarded. He also showed the handsome Odontoglossum crispum S. J. Pitt, and O. X Adrianae Cobbianum. De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), showed Odontoglossum crispum de Barri, a large form tinged with purple, and bearing a cluster of reddish-purple blotches on each segment, and O. X
waltonense rosefieldiense (crispum
flowers bearing a

X polyxanthum)
sepals
(gr.

having light yellow

brown blotch on each of the

L.

and the

lip.

Captain

G.

Holford,

Westonbirt

Mr. Alexander), exhibited

Dendrobium X Clio Burford variety, Ada aurantiaca Westonbirt variety, the handsome Cypripedium X Scipio (Sallieri Hyeanum X Mrs. Tautz), and the finely spotted Odontoglossum X Adrianae Lady Crawfurd.
F. A. Rehder, Esq., Gipsy Hill
villosum excelsum.
(gr.

Mr. Norris), exhibited Cypripedium

Mr.
Hill), sent a

The

Rt.

Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park

(gr.

branched spike of Phalaenopsis

intermedia Brymeriana.

n6
F.

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

Wellesley, Esq., Westfield,

[April, 1904.
a.

fine Lselia

Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), showed Jongheana, and Cypripedium X Jerninghamise.

Messrs. Charlesworth

&

Co., Heaton, Bradford, were

awarded a Silver
Ladia

Flora Medal for an extremely good group, containing fine plants of Lseliocattleya

Charlesworthii,

L.-c.

X Myra,
Enid,

Ladia

Briseis,

Digbyano-purpurata,

Cattleya

Oncidiurn

concolor,

Odonto-

glossum praenitens, Cypripedium X Cravenianum iX Hera Lucienianum X Spicerianum magnificurn), and some varieties of Lycaste Skinned, including.
Fascinator and Exquisite.

The only

First-class Certificate of the meeting

went

to

Ladio-cattleya

X Haroldiana

magnifica

(L.

tenebrosa

C.

X Hardyana),

a large and

handsome form.

Messrs. J. Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, gained a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, chiefly Dendrobiums, including D. X Rubens r
varieties of IX

Ainsworlhii, D.

X
n.

Virgil,

nobilius,

D.

n.

Sanderianum, D.

D. X Apollo album, D. nobile Cypheri, 1). n. giganteum Berkeley's

villosum giganteum, C.

Chas. Kichman, C.

Maudice, C.

X Ash-

Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, staged a group, which gained a
Silver

Flora Medal.
C.

grandiflorum,
Maria;,

Cymbidium X Lowio-eburneum, X Ballianum, the handsome Odontoglossum crispum

It

contained

a dark form of O. triumphans,

varieties,

Phaius tuberculosus, Cypripedium

X aureum
Messrs.
J.

D.

nobile

nobilius,

Ada

aurantiaca

maculata,

Oncidiurn superbiens, Houlletia Brocklehurstiana,

Yeitch

etc.

&

Sons, Chelsea, showed Lselio-cattleya

X Myra and

Cypripedium X Harri-Leanum, the latter a dark form. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, staged an effective group, in which were D. Brvmerianum, D. Boxallii, D. X Roeblingianum, D. crassinode, D. X duke Oakwood var., Oncidiurn barbatum, O. obry/atum, Angrjecum
Cyripedium X Helen II., Cattleya amethystoglossa, some good forms of C. Trianse, and other plants.
citratum,

Win. Bull and Sons, Chelsea, showed two Laelio-cattleya X Myra, one with bright yellow and the white sepals and petals.
Messrs.

excellent forms o
oilier

with nearly

At the meeting held on March 22nd there was again a very

of Orchids,

fine display

and the awards consisted of two Cold and four other medals, two first-class Certificates, live Awards of Merit, and one Botanical
Certificate.

Norman
Chapman),
awarded.
It

C.

Cookson,

Esq.,

Oakwood,

Wylam-on-Tyne
a Gold

(gr.

Mr.

staged a magnificent group, to which

Medal

was

contained a beautiful series of Odontoglossums, together with.

April,

904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

a good Cattleya Schrcedene, and examples of Dendrobium

D.

Sibyl.

X Bryan and The more noteworthy Odontoglossums were O. X

a First-class Certificate. ().

.ardentissimum Cooksoine. a very handsome white flower, heavily blotched

with bright purple, which gained

erispum Sibyl,

a fine white form, tinged with purple behind, and having a cluster of red"

purple spots on each segment

Award

of Merit),

().

c.

Luciani

in

fine

markings are confined to the

petals, the heavily

spotted

().

e.

tessellatum,

O.

c.

Mariae, a beautiful

example of O.

Rolfeae,
().

0.

loochristiense

Cooksonae,

O.

luteopurpureum

Yuylstekei,

Wilckeunum,

the

handsome O. X merificum, O. X

bellatulum, &c.

W.
Hall,

A. Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange,

Weybridge
It

(gr.

Mr. Whitlock), staged

a splendid group of Dendrobiums. extending throughout the length of the

which

also gained a

Gold Medal.

contained a
I).

fine

series of

D.

nobile and D.

Ainsworthii varieties, togethei with

Brymerianum, D.

fimbriatum, D. thyrsiflorum, D. chrysotoxum, some fine D. Wardianum, D.

crassinode, D. Findlayanum, U.
Pirene, D. aureum,

X Cybele

nobilius,
n.

D.

X Luna, D. X
some
fine

D. nobile burfordiense, D.
nobilius,
I).

virginale,

specimens of D.

n.

X Nancy (aureum X
Sevenoaks

Curtisii), a pretty
cScC.

hybrid of intermediate character. Ccelogyne cristata alba,

De

Barri Crawshay,

Esq.,

Rosefield,

(gr-

Mr.

Stables),

exhibited the fine Odontoglossum triumphans Theodora, and O.

wal-

tonense rosefieldiense (erispum

received an

polyxanthum), the

latter a light yellow

lip,

form with a light brown blotch on each sepal, as well as on the

which

Award

of Merit.

H. T.

Pitt, Esq.,

Rosslyn, Stamford Hill

(gr.

Mr. Thurgood), exhibited

a good Odontoglossum X Wilckeanum, and O. erispum Prebendary Bevan.

the latter, a good white form heavily blotched with claret purple, receiving

an Award

or Merit.

H. J. Bischoffscheim, Esq.. Warren House, Stanmore (gr. Mr. Ellis), sent Odontoglossum luteopurpureum, a spotted O. erispum, and what appeared to be a form of O. X Andersonianum.

Bank House, Accrington -Odontoglossum erispum Empress of India, and

R. Briggs-Bury, Esq.,

(gr.

Mr. Wilkinson), sent

good form of O. X

H. Druce, Esq., St. John's Wood (gr. Mr. Walker), showed a good form of Cattleya Lueddemanniana, Miltonia flavescens, and Lycaste
Skinneri.
Sir

Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking

pretty
little

(gr.

Mr. White), staged

a very

group, consisting of the

fine

Masdevallia

Booking

Hybrid, M.
xanthocorvs,

igneo-Estradre in both buff and purple forms, M. caudata

leontoglossa,

M.

Dendrobium

Myra (Linawianum

nS

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

handsome

[April, 1904.

signatum), a pretty yellow flower with a claret-coloured disc, and D.

Clio giganteum, a very large and

form, one of the pseudobulbs

being four

feet long.

C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), sent three distinct forms of Dendrobium X Ellisii, a hybrid between D. nobile

and D. Hildebrandii, and a Cypripedium said to to have been obtained from, C. X Ledouxiae X Leeanum superbum, and most resembling the latter. The Hon. Walter Rothschild, M.P., Tring Park (gr. Mr. Hill), sent
the inflorescence of a pretty hybrid between Ladia rupestris and Cattleya
Trianse.

R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Streatham

of

(gr.

Mr. Black), sent a good example

Wiganiae xanthochilum,
D.

Dendrobium X

Thwaitesiae,

D.

Pitcherianum, D.

X Venus, D. X Blackianum, and D.

. .

nobile Thwaites'

H. Whateley, E sq
triumphans, and O.
Sir Frederick

Kenilworth,

sent

good forms of Odontoglossum

(gr.

loochristiense.
Bart., Clare

Wigan,

Lawn, East Sheen

chaste

Mr. Young),
Schilleriana

sent

a beautiful

inflorescence of the

Phabenopsis

vestalis,

Odontoglossum crispum marmoratum, and O. X Denisonae, a white form having narrow segments, and one or two blotches on the sepals, thus

much resembling

the original form.

Messrs. Sander

&

Sons, St. Albans, staged a very fine group, which

gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal.

were Laslio-cattleya
Certificate), L.-c.

The more noteworthy plants observed X luminosa The Mikado, a noble form, having rich
Fournier var.

reddish buff sepals and petals, and a glowing claret-purple lip (First-class-

X Mme. M.

W. H. Young

(C. labiata

and beautiful variety (Award of Merit), L.-c. Fanyauana, some good Odontoglossum X Adrianse, the handsome O.
L. Digbyana), a large

X X X

merificum, O.

elegans,

O.

X crispo-Harryanum,

O.

X Wilckeanum

clump of Oncidium concolor, O. Cavendishianum, a wellflowered Dendrobium Devonianum, D. nobile, Trichopilia suavis, Phaius Norman, Miltonia X Bleuana nobilor, Cattleya X calummata, Epidendrum
fine

Emperor, a

atropurpureum album, E. densifiorum, Ladia cinnabarina, Masdevallia Mooreana, the charming Cypripedium X Maudise, C. X Hitchinsiae, &c,
also

a plant

called

appendages to

Bulbophyllum miniatum, having remarkable white It is said to the lip, and recalling the Indian B. tremulum.
little

be a native of the Congo.

Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a pretty

group, which gained a Silver Banksian Medal.

Laelio-cattleya

It

contained the handsome

Wellsiana, three forms of L.-c.

Myra, a

fine

hybrid

derived from Cattleya Schrcederaa and Brassavola Digbyana, Cattleya

Empress Frederick, C. X Enid,

Laslia

Briseis,

Odontoglossum crispum

.April,

1904.]

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

X

Ir9

Victoria-Regina, the orange O. luteopurpureum Vuylstekei, O. triumphans, &c.

Messrs.

Harryano-

Medal
La^lia

for

James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, also gained a Silver Banksian a good group, containing the handsome Uelio-cattleya X

warnhamensis, L.-c.

X
L.

highburiensis, L.-c.

Latona,

Mrs.

X Mvra. L.-c. x Antimachus, M. Gratrix, L. x Digbyano-purparata,

Messrs.

Hugh Low and

for

Co.,

Hush

Hill

Park, also received a Silver

Banksian Medal

an attractive- -roup, containing some good

crassinodc.
I).

Dmdrobium
I),

Wardianum and D.

r>r\incrian(im,

I).

>:

Sibyl.
its

nubile
alba,

Ballianum and murrhiniacum,

Miltonia

Roc/hi

and'

variety

Cattleya Schrcedera and Triame,

Cymbidium eburneum,

C.

X ebumeo-

Messrs. A. A.

McBean, Cooksl

Odontoglossum Pescatorei Kathlee

purple blotches on the segments.
Messrs. T.
for the
S.

Ware and Son, Feltham,

received a Botanical Certificate

in

remarkable Cypripedium japonicum, a species very rarely seen

cultivation.

M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, sent a good Odontoglossum Harryano-crispum, and a handsomely marked form of O. X meriricum.

ORCHIDS IN SEASON.
A magnificent
inflorescence
is

of

Cymbidium

eburneo-Lowianum,
states that

bearing eleven flowers,

sent from the collection of G. M. Whitin, Esq.,

Whitinsville, Mass., U.S.A., by Mr. G. McWilliam,

who

it is

seedling raised by him, and that

carries

it

has but one flowering bulb,

which

two

spikes, the second having ten buds.

All the flowers are finely

developed, the basal one having an expanse of 5

inches,

and the scape

measures 38 inches long. It is evidently a fine thing for cutting, as the flowers arrived in good condition, perhaps the segments of a deeper yellow
than when sent
off,

but perfectly fresh.

The

front of the lip

is

of a brilliant
it

crimson-maroon shade, with a narrow yellow margin, while behind

off to light yellow.
It is a

shades

very fine form of this handsome hybrid.

is

pretty form of Lycaste Skinned having an apricot-tinted lip

J.

sent
It

from the collection of

Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate.

armeniaca, but
is

ems

different

from L.

S.

not yet properly developed.

Several beautiful Dendrobiums are sent from the collection of

Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange, Weybridge. by Mr. YYhitlock.

W.

A.
of

Among orms

D. nobile may be mentioned the

varieties virginale,

Ballianum, murrhini-


t2o

THE ORCHID REVIEW.

nobilius,

[April, 1904.

acum,

giganteum, and Cooksonianum.

D. X Ainsworthii

is

also

represented by several beautiful varieties, varying from white to rosy purple,

with the usual dark disc.

fine

Other good things are D. Wardianum, a very

D. ochreatum, the richly-coloured D.

melanodiscus, D.

Juno, and D.
Lastly

D. X Cybele, D. X Pirene, the whole forming a very

Socius,

charming

little

group.

may

be mentioned a new hybrid

Dendrobium X Nanxy,
nearly white segments, with
It

derived from D. aureum

a

Curtisii,

and having

large

somewhat feathered purple

for

disc to the lip.

has rather complex

parentage,

D.

Curtisii

itself

was derived

from D. aureum
nobile.

Cassiope, and D.

Cassiope from D. moniliforme

Several interesting Orchids are sent from the collection of

J.

E. Vanner,

Esq.,

Camden Wood,
var.
is

Chislehurst, by Mr. Robbins.

a very fine

mulus Bockett's
type,

form of

Odontoglossum X the hybrid between O. luteopurDenisonse, of the

pureum and O. gloriosum.

is

form of O.

X
lip,

Wilckeanum
states that

remarkable

for ha\ ing the inner halves of the lateral sepals enlarge

and

fimbriated, like the margin of the

and Mr. Robbins

every flower on the spike comes the same year by year.

there
a strong suspicion that

pretty spotted

O. crispum has the markings regularly distributed over the segments, and
is
it

may

not be a pare crispum.

Six seedlings, from the

same

capsule, of
Boxallii)

pedilum

Menelik (Calypso

X
124

what we take to be Paphioare also sent, and all of them

show a

great

preponderance of the Boxalli character.

(vol. x., p.
;

The

history has
:

already been given

xi., p. 92).

Lastly

may
its

be mentioned
(Jupiter)
?
It

Paphiopedilum
Calypso 3
),

X Robbinsii

(P.

Godseffianum

X
is

sent, together

with a flower of each of

parents.

pretty novelty, most like the former, but the segments rather shorter, the

apex of the petals broader, and more shining brown, while the base of the

and of the dorsal sepal is closely spotted with brown, these characters being derived from the pollen parent. It shows its origin very clearly. A flower of the handsome Odontoglossum X ardenti>simum Cooksonae from the collection of N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, to
latter

which a First-class Certificate was given by the R.H.S. on March 22nd. is sent by Mr. Chapman. It is remarkable for the very copious rich purple
blotching.

very

richly coloured

form of Paphiopedilum X Chapmanii

is

sen

from the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury.

remarks that
it

Mr. Rogers

was obtained from a cross between P. Curtisii md P. liellatulum album, and he is at a loss to understand why there is no evidence of the albino parentage. Judging from what is now known of such cases, we think that the crossing of albinos and coloured forms together should be
avoided.

Ap

I9 o 4

THE ORC
of
or OPERATIONS

CALENDAR
By
j

FOR

APRIL.

OHN M Ac KAY, The

Al LOW
all

a rise of two o r three deg

dcp; irtments.

The weather
i

is

thi s

m onth, wh ich
of ventila tion,

n ecessitates
s

ma tter
hand,

o that the

by

insufficient

air,

shading-

or

moisture.
all

Shading

from

bright
in

sunshine must

now

be generally adopted for

Orchids, except those

the Mexican house.

in all

departments.

Damping- down should be done twice or more daily, It will be well hereto repeat the advice concerning
It is

the great benefit of shading Orchids during early spring.

well to

remember

that the plants,

when emerging from

the dull weather of winter,

are rendered

somewhat
spells

soft

or sappy, and unable, therefore, to withstand

sudden or long

of hot, bright sunshine direct

upon them.

Manx-

Orchids are thus damaged, and the greater part of the beautiful growing weather of the summer is taken up in restoring to them that which they
lost in the course of a few hour- neglect

by omitting to shade.

Therefore,

attend well to the shading and damping

inure your plants to the bright weather.

down

in early spring,

and gradually

The
effect

beautiful sunshine
all

upon

Orchids.

we have had lately has had a most stimulating The foliage, which had become perhaps limp and
-riffness.
is

flaccid, is fast regaining

its

New

roots are pushing forth together

with new growths, and this

a most

growth

at this season, that

it

will

welcome sign. So fast will be the be sharp work where large quantities of
far

Orchids are grown to keep pace with the times, so

concerned.

as

repotting
at

is

Nearly everything

will

seem

to

claim

attention

once.

making the present a very busy and anxious time, as Orchids cannot be The work, however repotted and cleaned so quickly as most other plants. must be done properly. Whatever plants are repotted, let them be done carefully and well, while those which can reasonably be expected to go
through the season successfully without
receiving only a
little
it

should be

left

undisturbed,

new

material placed lightly on the surface!

The inmates
attention in the

of the East Indian house are

way

of top-dressing or

now among those Owing to the repotting.

commence
of
first

requiring

increased
to

warmth from the sun and moisture make new roots in profusion. We
Most of the species
are

in the
will

atmosphere they are starting

with the Abides.

activity,

already showing signs

renewed

by

producing new leaves and fresh roots; which reminds us that potting must They are not the easiest orchids to handle for repotting, be attended to.

even under favourable conditions, the roots are very

brittle,

and

it

is