1. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all known as 1. (a) religions of peace 2. (b) religions of iconography 3.

(c) religions of the book 4. (d) religions of the rock 5. (e) religions of the prophets

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

Answer: 3. (c). See page 218. All three religions are monotheistic, and Christianity and Islam are based on the earlier traditions of Judaism. Their designation as religions of the book comes from the reverence given to the word of God, recorded in each religions sacred book: the Hebrew Bible, the Christian Bible, and the Islamic Koran.

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

2. True or False. Most ancient synagogues were filled with representational sculpture because Jewish law encouraged worship before carved religious images. 1. (a) True 2. (b) False

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

Answer: 2. (b). False. See pages 218-219. Jewish law forbade the worship of idols, so synagogues contained very little representational sculpture if any. More common were paintings and mosaics depicting symbols of Judaism.

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

3. Old Saint Peters is an example of 1. (a) a house-church 2. (b) a central plan 3. (c) a Greek cross 4. (d) a longitudinal plan 5. (e) an oratory

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

Answer: 4. (d). See page 228. Old Saint Peters, which no longer exists, became the standard for the basilica or longitudinal plan church. It includes a large center area known as a nave with aisles on both sides and a transept that intersects the nave in front of the apse.

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

4. During the 8th century, rising concern about the use of religious images in Christian worship led to a period known as the 1. (a) iconic 2. (b) iconography 3. (c) idolatry 4. (d) iconoclasm 5. (e) incarnation

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

Answer: 4.(d). See pages 245-246. Many Christians in the Byzantine world used images of Christ, Mary, and the saints as devotional aids during worship. The iconoclasm of the 8th century was a brief reactionary period, when images of saints and religious stories on icons and in churches were destroyed and their makers persecuted.

Stokstad and Cotheren, Art History, Fourth Edition, 2011, Pearson Education

5. Which of the following statements about the Church of Hagia Sophia is FALSE? 1. (a) It was designed by scholars of geometry, optics, and physics. 2. (b) It was constructed under the Emperor Trajan. 3. (c) It combines features of longitudinal and central-plan churches. 4. (d) It functioned symbolically to assert imperial power. 5. (e) The 40 windows perforating the base of the dome reinforce the exterior buttressing.

Answer: 2. (b). See page 234. Justinian, not Trajan, ruled the Byzantine Empire from Constantinople, where Hagia Sophia was one of many buildings he had built during his reign.