40.

026: RENU
ROCKET EXPERIMENT FOR NEUTRAL UPWELLING

___________________________________________

UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAMPSHIRE DARTMOUTH COLLEGE CORNELL UNIVERSITY AEROSPACE CORPORATION US AIR FORCE ACADEMY UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
____________________________________________________________________

DESIGN REVIEW: APRIL 22, 2010

REV A0

1.0

Introduction and Science Objectives

RENU is a sounding rocket project for investigating neutral upwelling in the cusp. The rocket will be launched in the winter of 10/11 from the Andoya Rocket Range. RENU will transit the cusp region during a neutral upwelling event, equipped with a suite of instruments that will build on previous observations of this phenomenon, as well as acquire new types of data to provide a fresh perspective on this problem. Successful acquisition of these data will provide fundamental information, essential for the advancement of our understanding of this problem. The specific objectives of the mission are detailed below: 1) To measure neutral gas, ion and electron temperature enhancements, which will provide an initial assessment of the upwelling process? 2) To measure large- and small-scale Joule heating in the cusp during the RENU flight. Large-scale data will be acquired by EISCAT; small-scale data (perhaps associated with Alfven waves) will be acquired using onboard electric field measurements. 3) To measure the precipitating electron energy input. 4) To use measured quantities as inputs to thermodynamic and electrodynamic models for comparison to the observed upwelling.

2.0 Payload Instrumentation and Subsystems

The following section details the payload contributions of each of the institutions. 2.1 University of New Hampshire Instrumentation 2.1.1 Imager The University of New Hampshire will provide an imager that will be mounted along the field of view spin axis within the main payload. The imaging system will be designed with a full angle field of view of 23 degrees. E2V CCD97, High sensitivity CCD array (512X512) with electron multiplication gain Filtered for 630nm emissions Onboard compression and 10 bit analog to digital conversion Mechanical despin of image via onboard rate sensor. Imager system will contain its own rate sensor for roll reference.

2.1.2 Ultraviolet Photomultiplier Tube Based on design implemented for Scifer II, 40.021. Vacuum UV PMT with 130 nanometer peak response Mounted on the forward end of payload looking up the magnetic field line 2.1.3 ERPA (Electron Retarding Potential Analyzer) Thermal electron detector measuring electrons in the range of 0 to 3eV Energy range swept in increments of .06eV Mounted on the forward end of the subpayload looking forward, along the local magnetic field line 2.1.4 PMT Star Sensor Based on design implemented for recent satellite mission Hamamatsu R7400 PMT Mounted on the forward end of the main payload looking forward (offset 30 degrees) along the

local magnetic field line. 2.2 Dartmouth College Instrumentation Main Payload Ion and Electron Detector 4 Particle detectors mounted on 2 short booms (~8 in. long) HEEPS-M: Mid energy ions (7-800 eV) 32 kS/s, 64 bins, 2ms/Step, 32 Energy Steps, 64 ms/Image HEEPS-T: Thermal ions (0.1 to 20 eV) 32 kS/s, 64 bins, 2ms/Step, 64 Energy Steps, 128 ms/Image BEEPS-T: Thermal O+ and H+ (0.1 to 20 eV) 16kS/s (each), 16 bins (each, 1 or 2ms/Step, 64 Energy Steps, 64 or 128 ms/Image HEDF: Energetic electrons (5 to few keV) Deflectable aperture (input from aspect magnetometer) 32kS/s, 32 bins , 2ms/Step, 32 Energy Steps, 64 ms/Image (Notes: 1: HE is oversampleD by a factor of 2 such that energy step is taken every other image readout 2: There are 30 data bins in the HE image, which was padded to 32 bins by adding a sweep step echo and an empty bin for TM layout considerations.) Similar boom design to what was implemented in 40.017,40.020, 40.021 and 40.023 Main payload science magnetometer data channel handling 2.3 Cornell University Instrumentation Main-Payload Science magnetometer 6-bit digitizer, 3 channels (direct connection to Dartmouth Electronics Box) (2)29.5 inch boom with hinge and damper MANG Sensor supplied by USAFA Science Magnetometer Sub-Payload COWBOY (Cornell Wire Boom Yo-Yo) E-field booms with damper system 12 meter tip-to-tip booms DC/VLF/HF plasma wave instrument (DC to 3.2 MHz) COUGAR GPS receiver for 5 meter positioning and 1 PPS timing Cornell Attitude GPS Experiment (CAGE) using 2 patch antennas Sampled GPS front-ends in Cornell electronics box Independent of COUGAR GPS 2.4 Aerospace Instrumentation Photomultiplier Tubes Three PMT mounted on forward end of deck 391, 630 and 844nm pass bands Liquid Nitrogen Cooled Ion Gauges Six ion gauges used for neutral particle detection Four mounted on circumference of deck, one on aft side of main deck, and one on forward side of

deck 2.5 Air Force Academy MEMS neutral instrument (MANG) Mounted on 29.5 inch boom opposite magnetometer Single analog interface and high voltage command for biasing filament. 2.6 University of Maryland KeV Ion Magnetic Spectrograph Instrument (KIMS) Ion measurement in the 100 to 10KeV range Swept energy range outputs interfaced through multiple serial interfaces.

3.0 Subsystem Summary

3.1 Payload Responsibilities

The tables below allocate the responsibilities associated with each of the subsystems for the rocket.

MAIN PAYLOAD RESPONSIBILITIES

Subsystem DESCRIPTION UNH DARTMOUTH CORNELL AEROSPACE USAF WFF UMD

IMAGER IMAGER DESPIN: RATE SENSOR UV PHOTMULTLIER TUBE ELECTRON/ION DETECTORS ELECTRON/ION DETECTOR ELECTRON/ION DETECTOR PMT STAR SENSOR UV PMT PMTS (390nm, 630nm, 845nm) ION GAUGES MEMS NEUTRAL KIMS SCIENCE MAGNETOMETER

INSTRUMENT

RATE SENSOR

INSTRUMENT

INSTRUMENT BOOM DESIGN BOOM INSTRUMENT INSRUMENT INSTRUMENT INSTRUMENT INSTRUMENT

BOOMS (MAG,MEMS NEUTRAL) BOOM RELEASE MECHANISM (SPIDER) TM TM TM/GPS GPS GPS ACS HORIZON/ SOLAR SENSORS NOSECONE SKINS, DECKS, STRUCTURE SOLAR ASPECT SENSORS NOSECONE PCM ENCODER TRANSMITTER WRAP AROUND GPS RECEIVER GPS PREAMP MAGNETIC

SUBPAYLOAD RESPONSIBLITIES
Subsystem DESCRIPTION UNH CORNELL WFF

COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY

EJECTION SYSTEM POWER/TIMER/PYRO ASPECT MAGNETOMETER HORIZON SENSOR PYRO RELEASE MECH ROTATION ANGLE MONITOR PCM ENCODER GPS/SBAND WRAP AROUND ANTENNA GPS RECEIVER GPS PREAMP TM TRANSMITTER

COWBOY ASSY

COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY

COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY COWBOY ASSY

BATTERY SYSTEM ERPA ATTITUDE GPS RECEIVERS ATTITUDE GPS PATCH ANTENNAS

COWBOY ASSY

3.2 Instrument Layout Overview 3.2.1 Forward Experiment/Main Payload The Forward Experiment will contain the following instruments: 1) Five of the six Aerospace ion gauge instruments. Four mounted perpendicular to each other with a viewing angle perpendicular to the spin axis. The fifth with a viewing angle parallel to the spin axis pointing forward. 2) Three Aerospace PMTs 3) Maryland KIMS instrument 4) Two Dartmouth particle detectors 5) UNH Star Sensor 6) UNH UV PMT 7) Cornell/Dartmouth Science Magnetometer The Aerospace and UNH PMTs each integrate a sunshade/baffle that is mounted in a manner to allow the top of each to lay at the same height above the deckplate (to minimize potential light reflections). The top of the forward Aerospace ion gauge aperture is also aligned with the top of the PMTs baffle/sunshades. The MANG instrument and the Billingsley science magnetometer are each mounted on a 29.5 inch deployable boom. The boom deployment will be stowed and initiated via a Spider deployment assembly and each booms rate will be controlled via a viscous damping hinge. The boom and damper assembly has been successfully implemented for the 21.139, 35.035, 36.242 and 40.021 missions. Opposite the MANG and magnetometer booms, the Dartmouth particle instruments are mounted on shorter booms with a spring system to control deployment rate and latching. The deployment assembly has been integrated successfully for multiple missions including 35.035, 40.017, 40.020, 40.021 and 40.023. A diagram of the forward experiment section of the main payload is provided below.

Figure 1: Forward Experiment of Main Payload

3.2.2 Aft Experiment/Main Payload The aft experiment section of the main payload contains the UNH imager and an Aerospace ion gauge. Both are aligned to the spin axis and pointing aft. The Ion Gauge is mounted on a second deck plate which also provides support for the top end of the imager. The Ion Gauge and the Imager are mounted in such a way to allow the top of the Imager baffle and the Ion Gauge aperture to lie on the same plane. The QRS-11, used in the Wallops Magnetic ACS system is used to provide a despin reference for the Imager. It is mounted on a vibration dampened mount originally integrated in 40.023. A diagram of the aft end of the main payload is provided below.

Figure 2: Aft Experiment Section of Main Payload

3.2.3 Subpayload The Subpayload consists of the Cornell COWBOY electric field instrument, the UNH ERPA and the Cornell Attitude GPS Experiment (CAGE). The subpayload is mated directly to the main/aft experiment payload described above (with the UNH ERPA pointing forward) and is spring ejected from the main payload at approximately 4Hz. Details of the operation of the subpayload assembly are provided in section 5.2. A diagram of the subpayload is provided below.

Figure 3: Subpayload

4 Instrument Heritage and Required Testing

4.0 Heritage of the Sounding Rocket Experiment The table below details the heritage of the science instruments for this mission.

RENU INSTRUMENT/ EXPERIMENT

CASCADES 2 40.023

SCIFER2 40.021

ROPA 40.020

CASCADES 40.017

SERSIO 35.035

SIERRA 40.014

JOULE

TOMEX

CUSP1

CUSP2

DARTMOUTH HEEPS/BEEPS CORNELL COWBOY CORNELL CAGE UNH ERPA UNH IMAGER UNH UV PMT CORNELL SCIENCE MAG AEROSPACE ION GAUGE* AEROSPACE

PMT UMD KIMS

Notes: 1) MANG MEMS Neutral Instrument and Star Sensor Instrument do not have sounding rocket heritage. 2) Actual IG heritage also includes 21.121, 21.128, 21.132, 21.133, 21.115, 21.116, 21.125, 21.126, 27.145 and 27.146 4.1 Special Testing Required The following list details tests needed above and beyond standard testing during integration. We anticipate that the majority of these tests would be performed prior to the start of integration. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Boom deployment testing Imager despin test Cornell Pre-integration GPS Attitude System testing (outdoor spin test) Cornell Pre-vibe outdoor spin test Cornell Post-vide GPS Attitude System testing (outdoor spin test) Pre-vibration of MEMS Neutral Instrument and Star Sensor? Magnetometer calibration Aerospace spin deployment test

5 Mechanical Systems
5.1 Booms There will be two deployable booms holding four particle detectors on the main payload. One short boom supports the Dartmouth HEEPS-E electron detector and HEEPS-T, while the other supports the BEEP-T and HEEPS-M instruments. The booms will utilize the short flip down arms with pin-puller release mechanisms used on Cascades (40.017), ROPA (40.020), SCIFER II (40.021) and Cascades II (40.023). In addition to the HEEPS/BEEPS booms, there will be two longer booms (29.5 inches) that will support the MEMS Neutral instrument (MANG) and the Science Magnetometer. Cornell will supply the dampers along with the 29.5 inch booms. For the E-Field subpayload, a small, light weight, and dynamically stable boom system for the electric field measurement is used (see section 5.2). This is a design developed at Cornell University that rapidly deploys the wire booms into a stable disk-like geometry.

5.2 Subpayloads E-Field Please refer to Figure 2 for the following discussion regarding the E-field sub-payload and COWBOY booms. The sub-payload is configured as a short cylinder with a moment of inertia transverse to the spin axis exceeding the spin axis moment. A concentric spool is placed around the inner payload and positioned close to the center of mass. The spool can rotate about the symmetry axis and is attached to the sub-payload cylinder with a combination bearing and magnetically controlled damper. Four wire booms are wound around the spool with roughly 6 wraps and sensing spheres are placed at the end of each wire boom. During deployment, the wire booms unwind like a yo-yo despin mechanism, with the exception that the outer spool will rotate with respect to the sub-payload cylinder and as the spool rotates it damps energy from the system. After the wire booms are deployed a pyro activated brake is engaged, which locks up the spool with respect to the inner payload.

Figure 2: RENU E-Field Subpayload

5.3 Experiment Weight & Volume Estimates

MAIN PAYLOAD EXP HEDF/HT HEEPS-M/BEEPS IMAGER MAGNETOMETER AEROSPACE PMT AEROSPACE ION GAUGE (SENSOR) AEROSPACE ION GAUGE (ELECTRONICS) AIRFORCE ACADEMY MANG UV PMT UV STAR SENSOR UMD KIMS SUBPAYLOAD COMP E AND B ELECTRONICS GPS ELECTRONICS COWBOY BOOM SYSTEM

WEIGHT(LBS) 3.0 3.3 14 0.3 SEE APPENDIX 4.6 6.5 1.3 1.0 1.0 9.0 WEIGHT (LBS) 6.0 3.0 6.0

DIMENSIONS (HXWXD) IN 5.7X 3.9(Diameter) 7.0X 3.6(Diameter) 22 X 4 X 4 1.4 X 1.4 X 5.9 SEE APPENDIX SEE APPENDIX SEE APPENDIX 3.5X3.5X4.0 2.5X4.3X4.0 2.5X4.3X4.0 6.625 X 7.5 X 3.5 DIMENSIONS (HXWXD in) 4 X 5.5 X 5.9 3 X 5.5 X 5.9 12 X 12 X 12

6.0 Power & Telemetry

6.1 Main Payload Power Required Description DARTMOUTH PARTICLE DETECTORS UNH IMAGER UNH TEC UNH UV PMT UNH STAR SENSOR AEROSPACE PMT (X3) AEROSPACE PMT HEATER POWER AEROSPACE ION GAUGE(X8) AIRFORCE MEMS NEUTRAL UMD KIMS Bus Voltage +28V +28V +15.6 +28V +28V +12V +15.6V +12V +28V +28V Current 450mA 700mA 2000mA 150mA 150mA 150mA 1500mA (15sec every 3min) 450mA 300mA 730mA

6.2 E-field Subpayload Power Required

Description CORNELL COWBOY/GPS ATTITUDE UNH ERPA

Bus Voltage +18V -18V +28V

Current 1400mA 700mA 75mA

6.3 General Comments - Power Systems for Main and E-field payloads For the main payload and all three subpayloads, each experiment should have independent control of power-on and power-off for the purposes of trouble shooting and interference checking. The UNH Imagers, UNH PMT, UNH Star Sensor, MANG,KIMS and Dartmouth particle detectors may share a single +28V battery pack. The +18V and -18V Cornell power should not be shared with any other user. All battery packs and telemetry systems should be referenced to ground at a single point on only one deck of the rocket chassis. We require separate battery charging circuits for the +18V and -18V battery packs because of the substantially higher power consumption of the +18V battery compared to the -18V battery. It is not acceptable to "charge across the +/18V battery pack" this will result in an incomplete charge of the -18V side of the battery pack. Please wire the +18V and -18V batteries as two separate batteries (even though they may be located in the same battery box) with completely separate charging circuits. In addition to the payload power control described above, a TEST signal is required for the Dartmouth and MANG experiments. Specifically for the Dartmouth instrument, the TEST function requires +28V at 100mA. This line powers internal test oscillators for payload checks. Power to this line should come only from the umbilical so that there is no chance of the test oscillators being powered during flight. The Dartmouth HV ON requires +28V at less than 20mA. Altitude switch hold-off of these functions is not required. HV supplies that cannot be operated in air have internal altitude switches. In flight, HV should be timed to turn on (minimum altitude 160 km) and remain on. Similar specifications should be applicable to the MANG instrument, while the UNH PMT and Star Sensors have capability of being turned on the ground, thus eliminating the need for altitude switches. For ground testing and pre-flight use, Cornell requires a separate umbilical power source for the Cornell GPS receiver. The Cornell GPS receiver require +12V at approximately 200 mA through the umbilical. No on-board power switching is required. This power source will be diode isolated from other power sources inside of the Cornell electronics box. Each of the six Aerospace Ion Gauge sensors contains a getter that requires power periodically (typically once per day for about 15 minutes). The getters are not operated in flight, but only on the ground. For all previous flights they have been wired in series and Wallops has supplied a current- and voltage-limited power supply to run this system. Due to problems experienced with this setup during its latest flight (JOULE 2), the plan is to modify this system to have Aerospace provide limiting and regulation. The Ion Gauge requires a timer-controlled HV turn-on command in flight. It will turn on shortly after the nose cone is deployed. The Ion Gauge Instrument also has a suitcase command that turns on the HV for ground testing.

7.0 Experiment Related Events

Mainpayload Events 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Nihka Ignition Nihka Separation Eject Nosecone Cowboy Separation and Deployment Ion Gauge Door Deployment MANG/MAG Boom Deployment HEEPS/BEEPS Deployment Imager Despin ON Star Sensor High Voltage On Dartmouth High Voltage On PMT UV High Voltage On Star Sensor High Voltage On MANG Filament On Ion Gauge Filament ON KIMS High Voltage ON Enable imagers despin Apogee Subpayload Events Enable COWBOY damper Deploy COWBOY antenna Engage COWBOY brake Disable COWBOY damper ACS Maneuvers ACS roll control to 4Hz parallel to B ACS roll control to 1Hz ACS roll control to .5Hz, update alignment ACS update parallel to B ACS update parallel to B Comments

ACS control to 4Hz, minimize coning

ACS control to 1Hz ACS control to 0.5Hz >160 kM >120kM >120kM

1 2 3 4

+10 seconds from eject +13 seconds from eject +65 seconds from eject +70 seconds from eject

1 2 3 4 5

Subpayload deployment HEEPS deployment, IG cap deploy Final roll rate .5Hz Upleg update Downleg update

8.0 Squib Circuits and Deployments

8.1 Deployments Plan On the main payload, the two fold-down booms for the electron and ion detectors will be released by one or more dual bridge-wire retractable actuators (pin pullers), type IMT 18CC (228-50000), to be supplied by NASA/NSROC.

The COWBOY wire boom system will be released by a pyrotechnic cable cutter (Holex 2800 guillotine) to be supplied by NASA/NSROC. In addition, the brake for the COWBOY booms will be engaged by a pin puller type IMT 18CC (228-50000) supplied by NASA/NSROC. The E-field subpayload is ejected along the spin axis with a ring of TBD springs in a circular arrangement achieving a separation velocity of approximately 1.0 m/s. The two 1 meter booms on the main-payload will utilize a viscous damped hinge to reduce the shock of deployment to the end mounted sensors (science magnetometer and MANG sensor). Cornell will supply the dampers along with the 1 meter booms. However, a release mechanism for these two booms is required and needs to be provided by NSROC. The use of a rotating "spider" mechanism that has flown successfully on several previous payloads, most recently on 40.021 has been implemented. The Aerospace Ion Gauge instruments require a timer event to actuate the Aerospace supplied shape-memory-alloy actuators used to open the Ion Gauge vacuum doors at Altitude.

9.0 Monitors
Wallops Flight Facility will provide boom potentiometers for the HEDF/HT and HEEPS-M/BEEPS booms. The position of these two booms will be encoded and monitored by WFF via an analog channel on the PCM stack. On the electric-field subpayload, Cornell will provide monitors for the COWBOY boom system. An optical shaft encoder will provide angular position and angular velocity of the rotating spool and will be encoded by the Cornell experiment. There will be a micro-switch monitor used for stowed vs not stowed status for both of the imager baffles. It is requested these microswitches to be provided by NASA/NSROC. Cornell will provide boom position monitors in the form of potentiometers (10K) for the two 1-meter booms (MAG & MANG) on the main-payload. These two potentiometers must be biased and sampled by the PCM telemetry system. A deployment microswitch will be required for each of the six ion gauge doors.

10.0 Aspect Sensors

Solar sensors and horizon crossing indicators will be required for both the main and subpayload.

11.0 Radar Beacon

A radar beacon is not required by the experimenters.

12.0 Trajectory Data/Attitude Solution

Absolute trajectory knowledge is required at the 500 meter level. These requirements are satisfied by the accuracy of the data supplied by the NSROC and Cornell GPS receivers. The science team requires an attitude solution with an accuracy within one degree.

13.0 Outgassing Requirements, Magnetic Material Sensitivity, RFI Susceptibility

The Dartmouth/UNH particle detector experiments on the main payload are sensitive to payload outgassing and steps need to be taken to keep outgassing to a minimum. These steps include proper material selection (see NASA Reference Publication 1124) and payload cleanliness. Requirements for this payload are summarized below: - Machined parts should be thoroughly cleaned of all machining fluids and inks before installation.

- Paper stick-on labels are not acceptable. - Acceptable materials include 3M Kapton tape (#92), DC340 Heat Sink Compound, no-wax lacing cord, GE RTV-11 potting compound, and Stycast 2850FT epoxy. Delrin, Teflon and Lexan are also acceptable. - Phenolic, PVC, and Nylon materials should be avoided. - Handling of the structure should be minimized to avoid greasy fingerprints. In addition, a dry nitrogen purge of the payload during integration and on the launcher is required. This minimizes the moisture absorption of the particle detectors. Once the nosecone is installed, the dry nitrogen purge is to be connected to the outside telemetry skin through a "fly-a-way" disconnect. The magnetometer on the main payload should be located as far as possible from the batteries and high power circuits, and from any high-permeability metal. Magnetic materials should not be used in the vicinity of the HEEPSE and HEEPS-I particle detectors, because magnetic fields from these materials could affect the path of the charged particles that these instruments are sensing. If any DC-DC converters are used they must operate above 20 kHz. ACS jets must be located away from the deployed main payload particle detectors such that there is no risk of ACS gas affecting detector readings.

14.0 Vehicle Performance

14.1 Coning Angle Prior to subpayload ejection, the main payload coning should be driven as close as possible to zero and the payload aligned to the background magnetic field. In order to keep the payload within the deadband, ACS updates maybe be required, although we emphasize that particle data acquired during ACS maneuvers are not usable and, so, ACS maneuvers should be kept to a minimum by ensuring that the payload is very well balanced. The final spin rate of the payload should be ~0.5 Hz. While the accuracy of the actual final spin rate is not critical, the imagers will need to 'despin' and will need an accurate measure of the roll rate provided continuously. 14.2 Despin After all deployments, a final main payload spin rate of approximately 0.5 Hz is desired to ensure payload stability and achieve the scientific objectives. 14.3 Horizon Sensors/Sun Sensors A horizon sensor and/or a sun sensor will be needed for each payload to assist in the attitude solution.

15.0

Range Support
Dry nitrogen purge of payload (particle detectors, imager) required during build-up and on launcher. This minimizes the moisture absorption of the particle detectors. Once the nose cone is installed, the dry nitrogen purge is to be connected to the payload skin through a "fly-a-way" disconnect. Liquid Nitrogen cooling support for Aerospace PMT (more information detailed in Appendix B) Standard Wallops lunchbox parallel interface for real time UNH imager system Distribution of real time trajectory data and/or look angles for use by the ground based imaging instruments at the Longyearbyen science station. On-site generation of flight telemetry data on CD within 4 hours of launch using Programmable Telemetry Processor (PTP) with data in PTP Stamp time format. TDP bit sync for Aerospace Instrumentation, both in the TM building and at the science center

16.0 Launch Conditions

Andya Rocket Range Nov28 toDec12 5 hour period within 0300-1100 UT, nominally 0600-1100 UT (0700-1200 Local Time) Moon in last or first quarter or below the horizon at Longyearbyen. Solar depression angle greater than 10 degrees at Longyearbyen. The payload must be in sunlight to permit nominal functioning of the on-board solar aspect sensor during the prime data taking period (above 500 km altitude). Azimuth and launch angle chosen for apogee over Svalbard at 1000 km downrange this is northward. We desire the apogee point to be chosen such that the projection of the B-field vector at apogee down to 100 km altitude results in a point directly overhead Longyearbyen. If this is not possible, then the magnetic footprint of the trajectory should pass overhead Longyearbyen. It will be necessary to hold the count at T minus 2 minutes for up to 30 minutes at a time. Launch requires: o An active cleft ionosphere with 5577 and 6300 light emissions overhead at either Longyearbyen or Ny-lesund. o At least 20 nT of magnetometer activity at either Longyearbyen or Ny-lesund. o Clear skies at either Longyearbyen or Ny-lesund such that either auroral TV or meridian scanning photometers provide data. o EISCAT Svalbard Radar recording ion outflows and elevated electron temperatures. o No fishing vessels in impact area.

17.0 Comprehensive Mission Success Criteria

Comprehensive success means that we meet the minimum success criteria and that we also acquire supportive data, including in-situ observations of: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Apogee of 500 km Onboard auroral images Upward looking PMTs Medium energy ions (to observe outflow) Ion composition (BEEPS) Energetic ions (KIMS)

18.0 Minimum Success Criteria

Minimum success means that the data needed to provide a basic assessment of thermospheric upwelling associated with ionospheric processes is acquired. This requires the following in-situ measurements, acquired in the vicinity of the EISCAT radar: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Apogee of at least 410 km Electron temperature (ERPA) Electron precipitation Ion temperature Neutral gas temperature

6. Electric fields 7. Magnetic fields

19.0 Open Questions and Specific Concerns

ACS alignment update times for upleg and downleg Final trajectory optimization.

20.0 List of Contacts

Principal Investigator Dr. Marc Lessard 417 Morse Hall University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire (603) 862-2590 Marc.Lessard@dartmouth.edu Co-Investigators Dr. James H. Clemmons Mail Station M2-260 The Aerospace Corporation P. O. Box 92957 Los Angeles, CA 90009 310 336 2428 310 563 3049 (FAX) james.clemmons@aero.org Dr. James Hecht The Aerospace Corporation P.O. Box 92957 Mail Station M2/259 Los Angeles, CA 90009 310 336 7017 310 336 1636 (FAX) james.hecht@aero.org Dr. Paul M. Kintner 302 Rhodes Hall School of Electrical & Computer Engineering Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 (607) 255-5304 pmk1@cornell.edu Dr. Kristina Lynch Department of Physics and Astronomy Dartmouth College (603) 646-9311 Kristina.Lynch@Dartmouth.edu Dr. Mathew G McHarg

USAF Academy Departement of Physics 2354 Fairchild Drive, Suite 2A31 Matthew.Mcharg@usafa.edu (719)333-2460

Engineering Design Dr. Parris Neal U.S Air Force Academy 2354 Fairchild Drive, Suite 2B19C Parris.Neal@usafa.edu (710) 333-2941 Dr. Kevin G. Rhoads Wilder 317A, HB 6127 Department of Physics and Astronomy Dartmouth College Hanover, NH 03755-3528 (603) 646-2972 kgrhoads@alum.mit.edu David K. Olson University of Maryland 1082 Regents Drive Box #137 David.Olson@nasa.gov (801) 592.8952 Steven Powell 321 Rhodes Hall School of Electrical & Computer Engineering Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 (607) 255-4551 sp35@cornell.edu Paul Riley 250B Morse Hall University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire (603) 862-2653 Paul.Riley@unh.edu

APPENDIX A UNH DOCUMENTATION

40.026 IMAGER INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS 04-20-10 REVA0 SUMMARY The table below details the telemetry interface requirements the imager designed for the 40.026 mission. DB44P HIGH DENSITY(MALE PINS ON THE BOX, WALLOPS TO PROVIDE FEMALE MATE) SIGNAL NAME IN/OUT SIGNALLING DESCRIPION DSUB 25 PIN NUMBER 12,13 27,28 3

28V 28V_RET IMAGER TEST BIT 1

POWER POWER INPUT

POWER POWER 28V SWITCHED

DC POWER INPUT DC POWER RETURN TEST INPUT 1 (28V SWICHED THROUGH UMBILICAL WITH SUITCASE SWITCH). ASSERTION (28V) ON TEST BIT 1 AND/OR TEST BIT 2 ENABLES 1 OF 3 TEST IMAGES OUTPUT FROM THE IMAGER FPGA. WITH TEST BIT 1 AND TEST BIT 2 = OPEN, THE OUTPUT FROM THE CCD IS ENABLED. TEST INPUT 2 (28V SWICHED THROUGH UMBILICAL WITH SUITCASE SWITCH). ASSERTION (28V) ON TEST BIT 1 AND/OR TEST BIT 2 ENABLES 1 OF 3 TEST IMAGES OUTPUT FROM THE IMAGER FPGA. WITH TEST BIT 1 AND TEST BIT 2 = OPEN, THE OUTPUT FROM THE CCD IS ENABLED.

IMAGER TEST BIT 2

INPUT

28V SWITCHED

18

DESPIN_MOTOR_ON

INPUT

28V SWITCHED

PCM_CLOCK+

INPUT

LVDS

PCM_CLOCK-

INPUT

LVDS

PCM_ENABLE+

INPUT

LVDS

PCM_ENABLE-

INPUT

LVDS

28V SWITCHED ACTIVATED BY TIMER MODULE. WITH 28V APPLIED POWER TO THE DESPIN MOTOR WILL BE APPLIED. WITH SWITCH OPEN POWER WILL BE REMOVED. A SUITCASE SWITCH WILL ALSO BE INCLUDED TO PROVIDE SWITCHING CAPABILITY DURING TEST GATED SERIAL 10 MBIT/SEC CLOCK FROM PCM ENCODER . POSITIVE SIDE OF LVDS DRIVE GATED SERIAL 10 MBIT/SEC CLOCK FROM PCM ENCODER. NEGATIVE SIDE OF LVDS DRIVE PCM ADDRESS DECODED CS/ENABLE BIT ALLOCATED TO SPECIFIC IMAGER. ASSERTED TO ENABLE BIT SHIFTING OF IMAGER OUTPUT POSITIVE SIDE OF LVDS DRIVE. PCM ADDRESS DECODED CS/ENABLE BIT ALLOCATED TO SPECIFIC IMAGER. ASSERTED TO ENABLE BIT SHIFTING OF IMAGER OUTPUT NEGATIVE SIDE OF LVDS DRIVE.

4,19

24

22

OUTPUT TO TELEMETRY OR REMOTE THROUGH UMBILICAL SIGNAL NAME TYPE CLASS DESCRIPION SAMPLE RATE 10MHZ (see note 2) DSUB 25 PIN NUMBER 11

PCM_DATA +

OUTPUT

SERIAL: LVDS

DATA OUTPUT STREAM FROM IMAGER. POSITIVE SIDE OF LVDS DRIVE DATA OUTPUT STREAM FROM IMAGER. NEGATIVE SIDE OF LVDS DRIVE PRISM ASSEMBLY ENCODER PULSE TEMPERATURE SENSOR FROM TEC HOT SIDE THERMISTOR 10K LOCATED ON HOT SIDE OF TEC. THERMISTOR SENSED AT BLOCK HOUSE (RESISTANCE ONLY). TWO ENDS OF THERMISTOR ROUTED TO UMBILICAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR FROM TEC COLD SIDE

PCM_DATA -

OUTPUT

SERIAL: LVDS

10MHZ (see note 2)

26

PHASE ENCODER TEMP_SENSOR TEC_HOT_BUF TEMP_SENSOR TEC_HOT_UMB

OUTPUT OUTPUT

CMOS: TIME EVENT ANALOG

1HZ 250HZ

2,17 6

OUTPUT

REMOTE SENSE

21,25

TEMP_SENSOR TEC_COLD_BUF

OUTPUT

ANALOG

250HZ

10

TEMP_SENSOR TEC_COLD_UMB

OUTPUT

REMOTE SENSE

TEMP_SENSOR TEC_AMB_UMB

OUTPUT

REMOTE SENSE

TEC_CCD_VIN+

SUPPLY

TEC_CCD_RET

SUPPLY

TEC_ENC_VIN+

SUPPLY

TEC_ENC_RET

SUPPLY

THERMISTOR 10K LOCATED ON COLD SIDE OF TEC. THERMISTOR SENSED AT BLOCK HOUSE (RESISTANCE ONLY). TWO ENDS OF THERMISTOR ROUTED TO UMBILICAL THERMISTOR 10K MEASURING AMBIENT AIR. THERMISTOR SENSED AT BLOCK HOUSE (RESISTANCE ONLY). TWO ENDS OF THERMISTOR ROUTED TO UMBILICAL POSITIVE SUPPLY FOR TEC COOLING CCD. TO BE SUPPLIED THROUGH DURATION OF FLIGHT. MAXIMUM POWER TO BE APPX 20 WATTS AT 10V AT THE INSTRUMENT NEGATIVE SUPPLY FOR TEC COOLING CCD. TO BE SUPPLIED THROUGH DURATION OF FLIGHT. MAXIMUM POWER TO BE APPX 20 WATTS AT 10V AT THE INSTRUMENT. POSITIVE SUPPLY FOR COOLING ENCLOSURE. TO BE SUPPLIED ON GROUND ONLY. MAXIMUM POWER TO BE 100 WATTS AT 10V AT THE INSTRUMENT NEGATIVE SUPPLY FOR COOLING ENCLOSURE. TO BE SUPPLIED ON GROUND ONLY. MAXIMUM

14,15

29,30

31,33,35

32,34,36

37,39 ,41,43

38,40,42,44

POWER TO BE 100 WATTS AT 10V AT THE INSTRUMENT SIGNAL GROUND SUPPLY 8,23

NOTES: 1) FOLLOWING SIGNAL PAIRS MUST BE TWISTED THROUGH CABLE INTERCONNECT: (11,26),(7,22),(9,24). TEC SUPPLY AND RETURN PINS ALSO SHOULD BE TWISTED AND ARE PINNED OUT TO ALLOW 4 PAIRS FOR FOR THE ENCLOSURE TEC AND THREE PAIRS FOR THE CCD TEC. 2) THE ABOVE TABLE ASSUMES A TELEMETRY BIT RATE OF 10MBIT/SEC WITH 125 WORD/FRAME, 10 BITS/WORD. THE IMAGER WILL BE SAMPLING AT A 1HZ RATE WHICH TRANSLATES TO APPX 262144, 10 BIT WORDS/SEC OR 2.62MBIT/SEC. AVOIDING ADJACENT WORDS WITHIN THE MATRIX WOULD BE BENEFICIAL BUT IS NOT REQUIRED. 3) POWER FOR BOTH TECS WILL BE CONTINIOUS ON THE GROUND AND WILL REMAIN CONTINUOUS DURING FLIGHT FOR THE CCD TEC. 4) APPROXIMATE POWER DISSIPATION (MINUS TEC POWER) EXPECTED TO BE 600mA at 28V.

.736 TRUE R3.500

20.976 11.200

TRUE R3.369 3.677

5.363 4.050 2.646 TRUE R2.825

UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:
DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES TOLERANCES: FRACTIONAL ANGULAR: MACH BEND TWO PLACE DECIMAL THREE PLACE DECIMAL
INTERPRET GEOMETRIC TOLERANCING PER: MATERIAL FINISH

NAME DRAWN CHECKED ENG APPR. MFG APPR. Q.A. COMMENTS:

DATE

A. Jaynes 4/10/10

TITLE:

PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DRAWING IS THE SOLE PROPERTY OF <INSERT COMPANY NAME HERE>. ANY REPRODUCTION IN PART OR AS A WHOLE WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF <INSERT COMPANY NAME HERE> IS PROHIBITED.

RENU Imager Assembly

REV SHEET 1 OF 1
1

SIZE DWG. NO.

NEXT ASSY APPLICATION

USED ON DO NOT SCALE DRAWING

A
SCALE: 1:10 WEIGHT:
2 3

SolidWorks Student License Academic Use Only 5

40.026 STAR SENSOR INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS 04 -20 - 2010 REVA0 SUMMARY The table below details the telemetry interface requirements for the Star Sensor implemented for the 40.026 mission. DB9P (MALE PINS ON THE BOX, WALLOPS TO PROVIDE FEMALE MATE) SIGNAL NAME TYPE SAMPLE RATE DESCRIPION DSUB 9 PIN NUMBER(S) 1 6 2

28V 28V_RET STAR SENSOR HIGH VOLTAGE ON

POWER POWER SWITCHED/FLI GHT TIMER + UMBILLICAL DIFF ANALOG DIFF ANALOG 1000 HZ

STAR_SENSOR+ * STAR_SENSOR - *

STAR_SENSOR_LOW_ VOLTAGE SIGNAL_GROUND NC

STANDARD ANALOG INPUT POWER NC

250HZ

DC POWER INPUT DC POWER RETURN 28V SWITCHED USED TO TURN ON THE HIGH VOLTAGE SUPPLY FOR THE STAR SENSOR. WILL NEED TO BE SWITCHED THROUGN UMBILLICAL INTEGRATED STAR SENSOR SIGNAL OUTPUT + FROM STAR SENSOR INTEGRATED STAR SENSOR SIGNAL (CONNECTED TO GROUND AT STAR SENSOR BOARD) LOW VOLTAGE MONITOR FOR PMT

5 9

NC

SIGNAL GROUND FROM PCM DECK NC

8 3,4

1) STAR_SENSOR+ and STAR_SENSOR- should be twisted pair to input of differential analog deck. 3) Approximate power dissipation to be 200mA at 28VDC

3
ZONE REV.

2
REVISIONS DESCRIPTION

1
DATE APPROVED

0.450

0.050

2.250 2.050

0.075 2.500

0.050

4, .144 THRU HOLES FOR 6-32 SCREWS 4x2-56 TAPPED HOLES

0.250

0.250 0.550

0.050

0.750

3.650 3.750 3.950 4.150

B B

4.225
UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:
DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES TOLERANCES: FRACTIONAL ANGULAR: MACH BEND TWO PLACE DECIMAL THREE PLACE DECIMAL
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DRAWING IS THE SOLE PROPERTY OF <INSERT COMPANY NAME HERE>. ANY REPRODUCTION IN PART OR AS A WHOLE WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF <INSERT COMPANY NAME HERE> IS PROHIBITED. INTERPRET GEOMETRIC TOLERANCING PER: MATERIAL FINISH

0.750

NAME DRAWN CHECKED ENG APPR. MFG APPR. Q.A. COMMENTS:

DATE

PWR

8/8/07

TITLE:

STAR SENSOR
SIZE DWG. NO.

NEXT ASSY APPLICATION

USED ON

PCB ENCLOSURE
1

A0

REV

DO NOT SCALE DRAWING

SCALE: 1:1 WEIGHT:

2

SHEET 1 OF 1

SolidWorks Student License Academic Use Only

40.026 PHOTOMETER INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS 04 -20 - 2010 REVA0 SUMMARY The table below details the telemetry interface requirements for the Photometer receiver implemented for the 40.026 mission. DB9P (MALE PINS ON THE BOX, WALLOPS TO PROVIDE FEMALE MATE) SIGNAL NAME TYPE SAMPLE DESCRIPION RATE DC POWER INPUT DC POWER RETURN 28V SWITCHED USED TO TURN ON THE HIGH VOLTAGE SUPPLY FOR THE PMT. WILL NEED TO BE SWITCHED THROUGH UMBILLICAL INTEGRATED SIGNAL OUTPUT + FROM PMT INTEGRATED PMT (CONNECTED TO GROUND AT PMT BOARD) LOW VOLTAGE MONITOR FOR PMT DSUB 9 PIN NUMBER(S) 1 6 2

28V 28V_RET PMT HIGH VOLTAGE ON PMT_INTEGRATE+ * PMT_INTEGRATE - * PMT_LOW_VOLTAGE

POWER POWER SWITCHED/FLI GHT TIMER + UMBILLICAL DIFF ANALOG DIFF ANALOG STANDARD ANALOG INPUT POWER NC

1000HZ

5 9 7

250HZ

SIGNAL_GROUND NC

SIGNAL GROUND FROM PCM DECK NOT CONNECTED

8 3,4

1) PMT_INTEGRATE+ and PMT_INTEGRATE- should be twisted pair to input of differential analog deck. 2) Approximate power dissipation expected to be 150mA at 28V

3
ZONE REV.

2
REVISIONS DESCRIPTION

1
DATE APPROVED

A0

INITIAL RELEASERE

8/7/07 7/13/07

4.225
D

A1 INCREASE BAFFLE HEIGHT TO 1.42"

2.250
C

0.250

0.250 2.68 1.18 0.68

B

3.950 3.38

1.96 2.08

0.50 1.05
B

UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:

DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES TOLERANCES: FRACTIONAL ANGULAR: MACH BEND TWO PLACE DECIMAL THREE PLACE DECIMAL
PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DRAWING IS THE SOLE PROPERTY OF <INSERT COMPANY NAME HERE>. ANY REPRODUCTION IN PART OR AS A WHOLE WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF <INSERT COMPANY NAME HERE> IS PROHIBITED. INTERPRET GEOMETRIC TOLERANCING PER: MATERIAL FINISH

NAME DRAWN CHECKED ENG APPR. MFG APPR. Q.A. COMMENTS:

DATE

PWR

8/8/07

TITLE:

RENU UV_PMT
REV

SIZE DWG. NO.

NEXT ASSY APPLICATION

USED ON

B PMT_MAIN A1
SHEET 1 OF 1
1

DO NOT SCALE DRAWING

SCALE: 1:1 WEIGHT:

2

SolidWorks Student License Academic Use Only

APPENDIX B DARTMOUTH DOCUMENTATION

RENU: Dartmouth Mechanical: DR MATERIALS 19 April 2010

Mission Science Contact: Kevin Rhoads, Kristina Lynch

Electrical Engineering Pinouts and data sampling tables at end.

Mechanical Engineering

Physical Characteristics Instrument(s) size, dimensions, and weight & CG, drawings w/ connector locations, clearance required for connectors, mounting hole patterns & sizes, (boxes, booms, etc.) See attached drawings of: Detectors Detector mounting cans Boom system and detector mounting Box 2 (for HEDF), Box 3B (for Beeps) and Box 3I (for HM/HT) Mechanics identical to Dartmouth/Scifer2 except that the 5tray box for Scifer2 is now split into 2 3-tray boxes. Weights: [estimates] Box 2: 1.9 kg (uncoated boards, no heatsinks) Box 3B, Box 3I: 1.4 kg each(uncoated boards, no heatsinks) HEDF/HT detector assembly (w/ boom arm and brace): 1.35 kg HM/Beeps detector assembly (w/ boom arm and brace): 1.50 kg + Boom assemblies: CG: [estimates] Boxes: center of symmetry HEDF/HT detector assembly: outer diameter 3.878 length 5.722 mass estimated1224 g CG estimated 2.91 from bottom

HM/Beeps detector assembly: outer diameter 3.618 length 7.084 mass estimated 1388g CG estimated 3.29 from bottom.

Desired location of instruments (accessibility/doors) Detector field of view must clear payload when boom deployed See drawings for field of view Out-gassing requirements Fingerprints, magic markers, machine oils, epoxies to be avoided Experiment interfaces (umbilicals, nozzles, and access ports, etc.) Cables from detector heads to boxes Cable from Box 2 top tray to science mag NASA connector to boxes (top trays) Acceptable science view characteristics Aperture field of view should clear payload to extent possible

Special Testing Boom deploy and latch Required Roll Rates (parameters for Boom deploy,etc.) Boom deploy near 1 Hz, TBD with performance model Experiment pyrotechnics Boom release (2) Magnetic Cleanliness Beeps detector contains magnets and mu-metal Special Payload Environmental Control Requirements (boxing of the payload for humidity and temperature control) during Pre-launch and Launch operations? Nitrogen purge of payload when detectors mounted

Can drawing for BEEPS and HM detector heads, which will be mounted on one fold-down boom so that the height from boom foot to top of detector head is approx 13. Scifer2 drawings; needs updating for RENU.

Can drawing for HEDF and HT detector heads, which will be mounted on one fold-down boom so that the height from boom foot to top of detector head is approx 13. Scifer2 drawing; needs updating for RENU.

Drawing of Box2, which connects to HEDF, the science magnetometer, and to the NASA connector.

Drawing of Box 3B, which connects to Beeps, and to the NASA connector; below, same for Box 3I, for HM and HT.

TELEMETRY LISTING HEI 32kS/s Synch HET 2kS/s Synch (Display as counter) MAG 6kS/s Synch BpI 16kS/s Synch BOI 16kS/s Synch HTI 32kS/s Synch HMI 32kS/s Synch BpT Counts BOT Counts HTT Counts HMT Counts 2kS/s 2kS/s 2kS/s 2kS/s Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial LVDS LVDS LVDS LVDS LVDS LVDS LVDS HEEPS Electron Image HEEPS Electron Total Counts Magnetometer BEEPS proton Image Can be 8 kS/s BEEPS oxygen Image Can be 8 kS/s HEEPS Thermal Image HEEPS Medium Image RS-422 RS-422 RS-422 RS-422 BEEPS proton Total BEEPS Oxygen Total HEEPS Thermal Total HEEPS medium Total

Counter (reset on read) Counter (reset on read) Counter (reset on read) Counter (reset on read)

HEB 500S/s Analog 0->5v HEEPS Electron Bias monitor HES 1kS/s Analog 0->5v HEEPS Electron Sweep monitor HEAp 1kS/s Analog 0->5v HEEPS Electron Aperture deflection monitor B2EC 500S/s Analog 0->5v Box 2 Electron Current monitor BIB 500S/s Analog 0->5v BEEPS Ion Bias monitor BTS 1kS/s Analog 0->5v BEEPS Thermal Sweep monitor B3BC 500S/s Analog 0->5v Box 3 BEEPS Current monitor HIB 500S/s Analog 0->5v HEEPS Ion Bias monitor HTS 1kS/s Analog 0->5v HEEPS Thermal Sweep monitor HMS 1kS/s Analog 0->5v HEEPS Medium Sweep monitor B3IC 500S/s Analog 0->5v Box 3 Ion Current monitor _______________________________________________________________________ _______ RENU 40.026 Dartmouth instrument signals v 0.2 March 18, 2010

40.026 RENU HEdfl Dartmouth particle detector experimental electronics interface BOX 2E (Electron detector and Magnetometer) Version 1.9 March 24, 2010 [Box E (electron detector) based on Scifer2/40.021 Box A and ROPA/40.020 Box 2] ________________________________________________________ CONNECTOR: Main box connector DB44P [plug, male] (44S on cable) connects to NASA electronics SDD44M0000G (DBMA44PNMB) on box, SDD44F0000G (DBMA44SNMB) on cable Dartmouth will supply mating connectors for the cables to WFF ________________________________________________________ Box 2E Nasa Connector data - 40.026 RENU each -- one word of 10? bits returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side Power and event sequencing signals Pin Return Signal twisted pairs 1 2 +28v power analog power input 3 4 +28v power (redundant) analog power input 5 6? HVTO High Voltage Turn On analog control input 7 8? HVTO High Voltage Turn On (redundant) analog control input 9 TEST Pulse amp test analog power input ________________________________________________________ LVDS Differential Signals - ANSI/TIA/EIA-644 Pin+ PinSignal twisted pairs 10 11 MAJF PCM Major Frame sync clock - input from TM 12 13 GCKEI Gated shift ClocK for HEDF Image serial clock - input TM HEI will NOT use inverted load and will need to *NOT* have adjacent words in TM matrix 14 15 HEI HEDF image serial data serial 32k/sec 16 17 GCKET GCKET Gated shift ClocK for HEDF serial clock - input from TM HET will NOT use inverted load and will need to *NOT* have adjacent words in TM matrix 18 19 HET HEDF SD of total counts serial 2k/sec 20 21 GCKMAG Gated shift ClocK for magnetometer serial clock - from TM Magnetometer will NOT use inverted load and will need to *NOT* have adjacent words in TM matrix 22 23 MAG Interleaved Magnetometer X, Y, Z; serial 6k/sec 2 words each, 3 values sampled 1kSps ________________________________________________________ Single-Ended Signals w/returns Pin Return Signal twisted pairs 26 27 HEB HEDF Bias Monitor analog 500/sec 28 29? HES HEDF Sweep, (Energy) analog 1kS/sec 32 33? HEAp HEDF Aperture (both) analog 1kS/sec 36 37? B2EC Box 2E Current monitor analog 500/sec returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side: 6, 8, 29, 33, 37 Unused pins 24, 25, 30, 31, 34, 35, 38-44 ______________________________________________________________________________ 40.026 RENU HEdfl Dartmouth particle detector experimental electronics interface BOX 2E (Electron detector and Magnetometer) Version 1.9 March 24, 2010 [Box E (electron detector) based on Scifer2/40.021 Box A and ROPA/40.020 Box 2]

10

40.026 RENU Dartmouth particle detector experimental electronics interface Box 3B (BEEPS) Nasa Connector data - 40.026 RENU Version 1.8 March 24, 2010 [based on Box B 40.021 Scifer2 -- Box 1 Nasa Connector data - 40.020 ROPA] ________________________________________________________ CONNECTOR: Main box connector DB44P [plug, male] (44S on cable) connects to NASA electronics SDD44M0000G (DBMA44PNMB) on box, SDD44F0000G (DBMA44SNMB) on cable Dartmouth will supply mating connectors for the cables to WFF ________________________________________________________ Box 3B Nasa Connector data - 40.026 RENU returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side Power and event sequencing signals returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side Pin Return Signal twisted pairs 1 2 +28v power analog power input 3 4 +28v power (redundant) analog power input 5 6? HVTO High Voltage Turn On analog control input 7 8? HVTO High Voltage Turn On (redundant) analog control input 9 TEST Pulse amp test analog power input ________________________________________________________ LVDS Differential Signals - LVDS Synchronous Serial signals Pin+ PinSignal twisted pairs 10 11 MAJF PCM Major Frame sync clock - input from TM BpI will not use InvertedLoad, BpI will need to not have adjacent words in TM matrix 12 13 GCKp Gated shift ClocK for BpI clock - input from Nasa TM 14 15 BpI BEEPS p image serial data serial 8 or 16k/sec (16k/sec preferred, 8kS/s minimum) BOI will not use Inverted Load, BOI will need to not have adjacent words in TM matrix 16 17 GCKO Gated shift ClocK for BOI clock - input from Nasa TM 18 19 BOI BEEPS O image serial data serial 8 or 16k/sec (16k/sec preferred, 8kS/s minimum) ________________________________________________________ HVDS Differential Signals - RS-422 Counters Pin+ PinSignal twisted pairs 20 21 BpT BEEPS p total counts count 2k/sec 22 23 BOT BEEPS O total counts count 2k/sec ________________________________________________________ Single-Ended Signals w/returns returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side Pin Return Signal twisted pairs 24 25 BIB BEEPS T Bias Monitor analog 500/sec 26 27? BTS BEEPS T Sweep Monitor analog 1kS/sec [28 29 <unused> UNUSED --------------- UNUSED ] 31 32? B3BC Box 3B Current analog 500/sec 43 44 sweep synch between Box 3B and Box 3I returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side -- 6, 8, 27, 32 Unused pins: 30, 33-44, -- 28,29 reserved

CONNECTOR: Main box connector DB44P [plug, male] (44S on cable) connects to NASA electronics SDD44M0000G (DBMA44PNMB) on box, SDD44F0000G (DBMA44SNMB) on cable _______________________________________________________________________________ 40.026 RENU Dartmouth particle detector experimental electronics interface Box 3B (BEEPS) Nasa Connector data - 40.026 RENU Version 1.8 March 24, 2010 [based on Box B 40.021 Scifer2 -- Box 1 Nasa Connector data - 40.020 ROPA]

11

40.026 RENU Dartmouth particle detector experimental electronics interface Box 3I (Ions) Nasa Connector data - 40.026 RENU Version 1.8 March 24, 2010 [based on Box B 40.021 Scifer2 -- Box 1 Nasa Connector data - 40.020 ROPA] ________________________________________________________ CONNECTOR: Main box connector DB44P [plug, male] (44S on cable) connects to NASA electronics SDD44M0000G (DBMA44PNMB) on box, SDD44F0000G (DBMA44SNMB) on cable Dartmouth will supply mating connectors for the cables to WFF ________________________________________________________ Box 3I Nasa Connector data - 40.026 RENU returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side Power and event sequencing signals returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side Pin Return Signal twisted pairs 1 2 +28v power analog power input 3 4 +28v power (redundant) analog power input 5 6? HVTO High Voltage Turn On analog control input 7 8? HVTO High Voltage Turn On (redundant) analog control input 9 TEST Pulse amp test analog power input ________________________________________________________ LVDS Differential Signals - LVDS Synchronous Serial signals Pin+ PinSignal twisted pairs 10 11 MAJF PCM Major Frame sync clock - input from TM HTI will not use Inverted Load, HTI will need to not have adjacent words in TM matrix 12 13 GCKT Gated shift ClocK for HTI clock - input from Nasa TM 14 15 HTI HEEPS T image serial data serial 32k/sec HMI will not use Inverted Load, HMI will need to not have adjacent words in TM matrix 16 17 GCKM Gated shift ClocK for HMI clock - input from Nasa TM 18 19 HMI HEEPS M image serial data serial 32k/sec ________________________________________________________ HVDS Differential Signals - RS-422 Counters Pin+ PinSignal twisted pairs 20 21 HTT HEEPS T total counts count 2k/sec 22 23 HMT HEEPS M total counts count 2k/sec ________________________________________________________ Single-Ended Signals w/returns returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side Pin Return Signal twisted pairs 24 25 HIB HEEPS I Bias Monitor analog 500/sec 26 27? HTS HEEPS T Sweep Monitor analog 1kS/sec 28 29? HMS HEEPS M Sweep Monitor analog 1kS/sec 31 32? B3IC Box 3I Current analog 500/sec 43 44 sweep synch between Box 3B and Box 3I

returns with ? may be omitted on NASA side: 6, 8, 27, 29, 32 Unused pins: 30, 33-44 CONNECTOR: Main box connector DB44P [plug, male] (44S on cable) connects to NASA electronics SDD44M0000G (DBMA44PNMB) on box, SDD44F0000G (DBMA44SNMB) on cable _______________________________________________________________________________ 40.026 RENU Dartmouth particle detector experimental electronics interface Box 3I (Ions) Nasa Connector data - 40.026 RENU Version 1.8 March 24, 2010 [based on Box B 40.021 Scifer2 -- Box 1 Nasa Connector data - 40.020 ROPA

12

APPENDIX C CORNELL DOCUMENTATION

RENU -- 40.026 Cornell University's Contribution

Paul Kintner, Co-Investigator Steven Powell, Sr. Engineer Erik Lundberg, Grad Student

Instrumentation -- Main-Payload

Instrumentation -- E-Field Sub-Payload

Cornell Attitude GPS Experiment -- CAGE

Cornell Instrumentation -- Main-Payload

Science Magnetometer on ~1m boom with hinge and damper Billingsley TFM100G2 60,000 nT @ 9.6 VDC Direct connect to Dartmouth electronics box Boom position monitor -- 10 k potentiometer 314 g tip mass (mag & mount)

2nd ~1m boom with hinge and damper For MANG neutral gas sensor (USAFA supplied, not shown) 600 g tip mass, max (sensor & mount)

Cornell Instrumentation -- E-Field Sub-Payload

12 meter COWBOY E-field booms DC/VLF/HF plasma wave instrument ROPA -- 40.020 RENU -- 40.026

4.8 Mb/s

6.4 Mb/s GPS Attitude Determination System

Cornell Attitude GPS Experiment -- CAGE

Provides Attitude Determination independent of other sensors GPS Ant #2 w.r.t. Ant #1 -- determines plane of motion & spin phase ~0.5 degree accuracy (theory) Post-flight data processing 2 small patch antennas No GPS signals needed before sup-payload deploy Direct connect to Cornell electronics Independent of COUGAR GPS Samples ~5% duty cycle, 23 mS every 512 mS (1.6 Mb/s)

See Experimenter's Data Package for:

Box drawings

TM & Power Requirements Expt Connector Pinouts

RENU 40.026 Cornell University Experimenter's Telemetry Requirements Revision History -1-Feb-10 Original Issue 18-Feb-10 Added boom position monitors, see Note 4.

Prepared by:

General Notes:

Steven Powell Cornell University 607-255-4551 607-255-6236 (Fax) sp35@cornell.edu

1. The sub-payload will have a 6.4 Mb/s PCM link arranged as 100 words by 32 sub-frames with 8-bit words (8000 Hz sub-frame rate, 250 Hz major frame rate). 2. The experimenter telemetry requirements are similar to either of the 40.023 sub-payloads (changes in RED), except there is no TM synchronizer, and with the addition of a GPS attitude determination system (GPSADS). The GPSADS requires that serial word S2 increases from 11 to 16 words. Note also the matrix positional change to the AUX signals. 3. Please specify to PSL that the WFF93 encoders must use RS422 line drivers and receivers where appropriate (Serial Data Module, all Major Frame, Minor Frame, Bit Clock signals, all other differential signals, etc). RS422 terminations should use 120 ohms in series with 0.001 F. The exception to this are the AUX outputs which are single ended +5V CMOS logic outputs. 4. Cornell will provide potentiometers (10K ohm) for the two 0.75-meter booms (MAG & MANG). These boom position monitors must be biased and sampled by the PCM telemetry system. Sub-Payload Experimenter -- Cornell Signal Name V21 V43 V1s V2s V3s V4s S1 S2 S3 CU 1PPS DAMP V+ DAMP V18PMON 18MMON AUX1 AUX2 AUX3 AUX4 P2 Read Strobe MAJFCOUNT S1 Details 1st word 2nd word 3rd word 4th word 5th word 6th word S2 Details 1st word 2nd word 3rd word 4th word 5th word 6th word 7th word 8th word 9th word 10th word 11th word 12th word 13th word 14th word 15th word 16th word S2-3 Details bit-7 (msb) bit-6 bit-5 bit-4 bit-3 bit-2 bit-1 bit-0 (lsb) S2-6 Details bit-7 (msb) bit-6 bit-5 bit-4 bit-3 bit-2 bit-1 bit-0 (lsb) Size 12-bits 12-bits 12-bits 12-bits 12-bits 12-bits 48-bits 128-bits 8-bits 16-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 24-bits Words 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 16 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 Type Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog Serial Serial Serial Time Event Analog Analog Analog Analog Aux Output Aux Output Aux Output Aux Output n/a Counter Sample Rate (s/s) 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 40000 40000 250 1000 1000 1000 1000 8000 8000 8000 8000 1000 8000 Total (bits/s) Comments 16000 16000 16000 16000 16000 16000 48000 5120000 320000 4000 8000 8000 8000 8000 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 192000 12-bit A/D supplied by PSL. Read-out in 2 words 12-bit A/D supplied by PSL. Read-out in 2 words 12-bit A/D supplied by PSL. Read-out in 2 words 12-bit A/D supplied by PSL. Read-out in 2 words 12-bit A/D supplied by PSL. Read-out in 2 words 12-bit A/D supplied by PSL. Read-out in 2 words See below for word details. See below for word details. See below for word details. Sample at once per major frame Can be decreased to 250 s/s, if necessary. Can be decreased to 250 s/s, if necessary. Can be decreased to 250 s/s, if necessary. Can be decreased to 250 s/s, if necessary. Active during Word 92 out of 100, all subframes. Active during Word 94 out of 100, all subframes. Active during Word 96 out of 100, all subframes. Active during Word 98 out of 100, all subframes. Used for 1000 s/s A/D converter control. Counter congured for wrap-around (not reset on readout) Counter provided by PSL internal to WFF93 encoder.

MAGX msb MAGY msb MAGX lsb MAGY lsb MAGZ msb MAGZ lsb

8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits

VLF12 msb VLF34 msb see S2-3 below VLF1s msb VLF2s msb see S2-6 below VLF3s msb VLF4s msb see S2-9 below HF12 msb see S2-11 below GPSADS_4 GPSADS_3 GPSADS_2 GPSADS_1 GPSADS_0

8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits

VLF12 VLF12 VLF12 VLF12 VLF34 VLF34 VLF34 VLF34

lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb

(D3) (D2) (D1) (D0) (D3) (D2) (D1) (D0)

1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit

VLF1s VLF1s VLF1s VLF1s VLF2s VLF2s VLF2s VLF2s

lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb

(D3) (D2) (D1) (D0) (D3) (D2) (D1) (D0)

1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit

Page 1

S2-9 Details bit-7 (msb) bit-6 bit-5 bit-4 bit-3 bit-2 bit-1 bit-0 (lsb) S2-11 Details bit-7 (msb) bit-6 bit-5 bit-4 bit-3 bit-2 bit-1 bit-0 (lsb) S3 Details 1st word 2nd word 3rd word 4th word 5th word S3-3 Details bit-7 (msb) bit-6 bit-5 bit-4 bit-3 bit-2 bit-1 bit-0 (lsb)

VLF3s VLF3s VLF3s VLF3s VLF4s VLF4s VLF4s VLF4s

lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb lsb

(D3) (D2) (D1) (D0) (D3) (D2) (D1) (D0)

1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit

HF12 lsb (D3) HF12 lsb (D2) HF12 lsb (D1) HF12 lsb (D0) Overow Data Valid 0 CU 40K GPS Data

1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit

ABS POSITION - msb ABS POSITION - lsb see S3-3 below VELOCITY - msb VELOCITY - lsb

8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits

INDEX OPTICAL ENC CH B OPTICAL ENC CH A 0 0 0 0 CU 1 PPS LED

1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit 1-bit

Sub-Payload Experimenter -- UNH S4 Details S4-1A S4-1B S4-2A S4-2B S4-3A S4-3B S4-4A S4-4B

ERPA ERPA ERPA ERPA ERPA ERPA ERPA ERPA

RPA2 - MSB RPA2 - LSB SKIN - MSB SKIN - LSB SWEEP - MSB SWEEP - LSB RPA1 - MSB RPA1 - LSB

8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits 8-bits

2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000

s/s s/s s/s s/s s/s s/s s/s s/s

Page 2

0.500"

2.687"

2.687"

2.687"

2.687"

From Science Magnetometer (9S on Box)

00 0"

E2 5.
12 Mounting Holes (#10-32 Threaded Rod)

E1

E2

3.969"
From E-Field Booms From GPS Preamp TM Interface Connector (9P on Box)

H F1

E3

E4

FIL

MAG AD1 AD3 AD5 REG1 REG2

VLF12,34,1s,2s VLF3s,4s MAGX,Y,Z

12V +5 +18V/+12V DIODES

AD2 AD4 AD6 TM1 TM2

5V +DIFF

WCL GPS1 FBCL SEQL GPSL

HC +5V

WCR
GPS2

4CHAD

--- GPSINTCASC

---

3.969"

4CHAD

--- FBCONCASC

1.

16

2"

FBCR SEQR GPSR

---

1.

E 50 NP 0 A

4CHAD

--- HFSERSIO

---

"

A2
REGDD GPSADS ---

FIL1 BEHIND

FIL2

FIL EPA

EPA1

EPA2

EPA

H F2

TM L1 3

E1

GPS Ground Test Only (9P on Box)

REGPM5

5.50"
A1

To Shaft Encoder & Power Amp & Preamp 12V Power (15P on Box) From GPS Attitude Det Antennas

REGPM5

1.

5V +DIFF

REGDD CAGE

---

50 0"

5.875"
TM Interface Connector (25P on Box) TM Interface Connector (37P on Box)

5.875" 1.5"

Side Connector Clearance

1.0" max

Front Connector Clearance

Power -- +18 V @ FLIGHT MIN/MAX = 1.4 A continuous, 3.9 A for 10 sec -18 V @ FLIGHT MIN/MAX = 0.5 A continuous, 3.0 A for 10 sec

Weight -- 5 lbs. approx.

Weight -- 5 lbs. approx.

E-Field/B-Field Elect. Box

GPS/TM Box

Cornell University RENU 40.026 Sub-Payload Electronics

To Deck Mounted Amplifiers (15P on Box) 1.625"

1. 62 5 "

#8-32 Tapped Mounting Holes 4 Places

To MR Brake (9S on Box)

DECK

From E-Field Elect Box

TM4
1.063"

A+

PA

2.000" 2.000" TM4 Interface Connector (9P on Box)

Weight -- 6 oz. approx.

Cornell University RENU 40.026 Sub-Payload -- Power Amplifier Box

SPP 4-16-10

Cornell University -- E-Field & B-Field Electronics Box RENU Sub-Payload -- 40.026 2-1-10

TM1 INTERFACE Connector -- 25p on Box WIRE PIN 1 2 3 16 4 17 5 18 6 19 7 20 8 21 9 22 S1 DATA10 S1 DATA+ 23 S1 GATED SHIFT11 S1 GATED SHIFT+ 24 S2 DATA12 S2 DATA+ 25 S2 GATED SHIFT13 S2 GATED SHIFT+ KEY Digital Signals to WFF93 Encoder SIGNAL

14 RETURN +18 VOLTS IN 15 RETURN -18 VOLTS IN From 18 Volt Batteries

COAX TWISTED PAIR

SINGLE WIRE

Cornell University -- GPS/TM Electronics Box RENU Sub-Payload -- 40.026 2-1-10

TM2 INTERFACE Connector -- 37p on Box WIRE SIGNAL PIN 1 RETURN 20 RETURN 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 +18 VOLTS IN 21 RETURN -18 VOLTS IN 22 RETURN +12 VOLTS IN 23 RETURN V12 24 RETURN V34 25 RETURN Vs1 26 RETURN Vs2 27 RETURN Vs3 28 RETURN 10 Vs4 29 P2 RD STRB (1 KHZ) 11 CU 1PPS 30 CU 1HZ 12 31 1X CLK IN13 1X CLK IN+ Digital Signals to WFF93 Encoder 32 MAJOR FRM SYNC14 MAJOR FRM SYNC+ 33 15 34 S3 INVERTED LOAD16 S3 INVERTED LOAD+ 35 S3 DATA17 18 S3 DATA+ 36 S3 ENABLES3 ENABLE+ 37 S3 GATED SHIFT19 S3 GATED SHIFT+ KEY DIFFERENCES FROM 40.023 SUB-PAYLOAD SHOWN IN RED From 18 Volt Batteries

From Umbilical Only (Used t o power Cornell GPS during ground tes ting & pre-launch)

Analog Signals to WFF93 Encoder

COAX TWISTED PAIR

SINGLE WIRE

Cornell University -- GPS/TM Electronics Box RENU Sub-Payload -- 40.026 2-1-10

TM3 Connector -- 9p on Box WIRE SIGNAL PIN 1 AUX OUTPUT1 6 RETURN 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 AUX OUTPUT4 AUX OUTPUT3 AUX OUTPUT2 Signals from WFF93 Encoder

COAX TWISTED PAIR

SINGLE WIRE

KEY

Cornell University -- Power Amplifier Electronics Box RENU Sub-Payload -- 40.026 2-1-10

TM4 Connector -- 9p on Box WIRE SIGNAL PIN 1 +18 VOLTS IN 6 DAMP V2 3 8 4 9 5 RETURN 18MMON -18 VOLTS IN KEY DAMP V+ 7 RETURN 18PMON Analog Signals to WFF93 Encoder

From 18 Volt Batteries

COAX TWISTED PAIR

SINGLE WIRE

ERPA box 9 pin D connector (9S on cable) SIG RET 1 (6) +28V power + 2 3 4 5 (7) (8) (9)

MAJF GCKR RSD

PCM major frame sync Gated shift clock ERPA ERPA serial data

RENU -- 40.026 Sub-Payload Configuration COWBOY Boom System ICD Dimensions in inches unless otherwise noted. 4 APRIL 2010 S.Powell Cornell University
1.430

12.870 (O.D. of root attachment) 12.370 (O.D. of cable guides) 11.870 (O.D. of can) 11.750 (O.D. of cover) Locking pin (S.S.) prevents coffee can from rotating. Only 1 of 2 pins shown. 10.000 (Sphere center-to-center) 0.207 0.207 Protective Cup C (retains cable end) Flyaway "Cover" (spring remains Cable tensioning attached) bolt and locknut Bolt used during assembly process to compress spring. Only 1 of 2 bolts shown. Sphere O.D. = 1.750 inch. Drawing shows only 2 out of a total of 4 spheres and 4 wire booms. Upper cradle

Sphere Center

2.125 0.125 Delrin sheet

Spring Signal connectors Lower cradle Upper cable guides 0.250 Upper pin holder (Delrin) Lower pin holder (Alum) Upper slipring Hub piece (keyed to shaft) Lower slipring (9 conductors) MR Damper Bearing Unit Power Amplifier Box Lower cable guides 0.125 0.062

Top of Can

0.250 0.060

2.600

Deck Dia 10.500 "Coffee Can" 11.870 O.D. 0.027 thick Longeron Spacing 10.500 Dia

0.250 0.535 Optical Shaft Encoder 3.750 0.128 Dia Thru Hole Pyro Cable Cutter in shaft Cable End Retainer Electrical & Telemetry System Components

11.342 12.250

Electrical & Telemetry System Components

Deck Dia 10.500

Electrical & Telemetry System Components 0.250

Electrical & Telemetry System Components 3.629 Battery Boxes

5.715 0.500 Wire Root 27.625 26.375 0.625 0.150 Pin Puller Pyro Activated Brake (Knurled Surfaces) 0.553 0.447 0.461 Battery Boxes 0.050 0.400 0.027 Clearance envelope for wire root attachment Teflon Bumpers (3) 0.500 1.0 DIA Aluminum stiffner

Telemetry & Electrical System Components

14.033 12.500 TM Antenna S-Band & GPS Cornell Electronics Box #1 Cornell Electronics Box #2

7.200

1.63

Science Magnetometer

2.981

3.23 1.60 UNH ERPA Detector

0.510

GPS ANT #1

0.250

GPS ANT #2

9.3 RG-316 (2.5 mm dia)

31.5

6.9

30.2

Payload Spin Axis

6.147 2.250
c c

29.500 314 grams Slot 0.25 x 0.50 long See separate sheet for hinge details (2 identical hinges) 481 grams 1.125 O.D (1.000 I.D.) Aluminum Tube 316 grams (400 grams/meter)
+X +Z

1.38

Magnetometer 5.87 +X see separate sheet for mag mounting details

+Y

1.38 +Z +Y

1.250

Cornell Magnetometer Boom

29.500 2.250
c c

TBD

TBD

Slot 0.25 x 0.50 long 481 grams 1.125 O.D (1.000 I.D.) Aluminum Tube 316 grams (400 grams/meter) End of Aluminum Tube

600 grams (max)

USAFA MANG Boom

NOTES: 1. Dimensions in inches unless otherwise noted. 2. Booms can be shortened, if necessary. 3. Mass can be clamped to the outside of the MAG boom so that it will have the same inertia as the MANG boom, if analysis shows that this is important for payload stability.

RENU "1 Meter Booms" Dimensions & Mass Distribution

SPP 18 April 2010

3.778 2.558 2.338 2.000 1.662 1.000

0.338

0.908
0.558

0.250

0.338

1.250

2.500

1.250

0.250 #10-32 TAPPED MOUNTING HOLES IN DECKPLATE 4 PLACES

RULON J BEARING

1.250

POTENTIOMETER

BOOM

DAMPER BOOM HINGE -- ASSY DRAWING SCIFER2 DWG #001 SHEET 1 OF 2

S. Powell May 2, 2007 Rev May 15, 2007

0.850

0.850

POTENTIOMETER

DAMPER 1.375 DIA

BOOM HINGE -- ASSY DRAWING SCIFER2 DWG #001 SHEET 2 OF 2

S. Powell May 2, 2007 Rev May 2, 2007

APPENDIX D UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND DOCUMENTATION

RENU 40.026 University of Maryland/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Requirements 19 April 2010 Prepared by: David Olson University of Maryland 801.592.8952 david.olson@nasa.gov

The KeV Ion Magnetic Spectrograph (KIMS) instrument measures ion fluxes in the energy ranges of 100-1000 eV and 1-10 keV perpendicular to the payload trajectory. It uses two permanent magnets to separate ion trajectories via cyclotron motion. Ions are detected with microchannel plates (MCPs) and 10 anodes in each energy range. Instrument Dimensions: The magnetic shield case defines the outer shape and size of the instrument. It measures 3.584 x 6.698 x 7.575. The instrument is mounted on the main payload lower bulkhead with a mounting bracket shown in the following pages. Instrument Weight: 9 lbs. max (Current estimates put this value closer to 8.5 lbs. Value will be finalized upon completion of the detector and electronics.) Weight includes the entire instrument and bracket. Magnetic Circuit (permanent magnets + vanadium permendur housing) weighs 5.1 lbs. Mounting Bracket design estimated to weigh 0.75 lbs. Power Requirements: Two amplifier/telemetry boards each require 0.5 W. High Voltage control requires 4 W. Total power consumption estimated at 8 W. Powered from the main +28V Busestimated current draw of 300 mA. Values will be finalized upon testing of electronics. Telemetry Requirements: 20 detectors sampled at 250 /s reported in 2 words each. 3 analog monitors samples at 250 /s reported in 1 word each. Total data stream of 107,500 bps. Flight Requirements: High Voltage Onno earlier than 100 sec. after nose cone ejection to allow venting time for the microchannel plates. Remote commands required to turn on HV, start counters. Stray Fields: Internal fields of 0.1 T and 0.27 T are shielded by a vanadium permendur housing and external magnetically shielded case. Instrument will be carefully measured for stray fields. Rough estimates give fields of ~5T at a distance of 20 cm from the center of the instrument. Fields drop to ~100 nT at 40 cm.

Telemetry Specifications Signal Name A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 HVMon-1 HVMon-2 TEMP Size Words Type 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 20 b 10 b 10 b 10 b 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Serial Analog Analog Analog Sample Rate 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s 250 /s (250 /s) (250 /s) (250 /s) Total Rate Comments 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 5000 bps 2500 bps 2500 bps 2500 bps Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Sample at major frame rate. Analog Output 0-5 V Analog Output 0-5 V Analog Output 0-5 V

Telemetry Interface Connector KIMS-A: Connector Type 15 Pin D-Male Mating Connector (for Harness) 15 Pin D-Female Pin Number Signal Name Signal Type 1 DATA_P LVDS Output 9 DATA_N LVDS Output 2 MAJORFSYNC_P LVDS Input 10 MAJORFSYNC_N LVDS Input 3 1XCLOCK_P LVDS Input 11 1XCLOCK_N LVDS Input 4 GATEDCLOCK_P LVDS Input 12 GATEDCLOCK_N LVDS Input 5 ENABLE_P LVDS Input 13 ENABLE_N LVDS Input 6,7 VIN Power Input (18-36V) 14,15 GND Ground (Power Return) 8 TEST_ON GSE Test Signal 0V-off, 28V-on Telemetry Interface Connector KIMS-B: Identical to KIMS-A

HV System Interface Connector: Connector Type 15 Pin D-Male Mating Connector (for Harness) 15 Pin D-Female Pin Number Signal Name Signal Type 2 HVTEST GSE Test Signal 0V-off, 28V-on 10 HVON2 28V Level from Timer2 3 HVON1 28V Level from Timer1 11 TEMPERATURE Analog Output (0-5V) 4 HVARM2 28V Level from Altitude Switch2 12 HVARM1 28V Level from Altitude Switch1 5 HVMON2 Analog Output (0-5V) 13 HVMON1 Analog Output (0-5V) 6,7 VIN Power Input (18-36V) 14,15 GND Ground (Power Return) 1,8,9 SPARE Pins removed and blanked *

* To prevent the possibility of interchanging the HV control cable with the telemetry cables, the unused pins are removed in the male connector on the instrument. The harness cable with the female end has the corresponding positions blanked off to prevent insertion to the wrong boards.

Left Side

Front

Right Side

All labeled as cable connector on the instrument.

All dimensions in inches; drawing not to scale.

KIMS Magnetic Circuit

Mounting Bracket Design

KIMS Instrument

KIMS Footprint

APPENDIX E AEROSPACE DOCUMENTATION

Aerospace Data Package for Design Review

Rocket Experiment for Neutral Upwelling (RENU) (40.026)

____________________________ Prepared 19 April 2010 by James Clemmons James Hecht Collin Corey Norman Katz Paul Carranza The Aerospace Corporation ____________________________

Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Scientific Objectives Instrument Descriptions Payload Requirements Mission Requirements Post-launch Requirements Contact Information References

1. Scientific Objectives The RENU experiment is designed to provide new physical insight into the physical processes associated with the upwelling of thermospheric gas in the Earths magnetic cusp. This phenomenon was first reported by Lhr et al. [2004] and was thought by those authors to be due to Joule heating in the cusp. Since that report was published, however, several other ideas have emerged which offer plausible explanations for this phenomenon, and the main objective of RENU is to distinguish the relative contributions of each process. The competing mechanisms are: 1. Joule heating due to large scale convection 2. Joule heating associated with small scale Alfven waves 3. Ohmic heating due to intense small-scale field-aligned currents 4. Ambipolar fields associated with soft electron precipitation that drive neutral species upward through ion drag 5. Direct heating of the thermosphere by the soft but intense particle precipitation in the cusp The RENU mission will address these issues by making measurements that are complementary to those reported by Lhr et al. [2004]. Those measurements were performed on the CHAMP orbiting platform, which does not have a full ionosphere/thermosphere diagnostic package. RENU will complement those observations by making more comprehensive measurements and by employing a trajectory that is primarily vertical. In this way the mechanism(s) causing the upwelling can be better constrained. Both Aerospace instruments contribute to this objective by making height-resolved measurements of the thermosphere, thus measuring aspects of the upwelling that were not measured by CHAMP. The next sections describe the instruments and how they will be used to address these issues. The RENU rocket will be launched from Andya Rocket Range, Norway, into the magnetic cusp during November/December 2010. Several scientific instruments are included in the payload, and this package details the mechanical and electrical interfaces of the two instruments to be provided by The Aerospace Corporation. These instruments include the Ionization Gauge and the Photometers. 2. Instrument Descriptions 2.1 Ionization Gauge The Ionization Gauge (IG) is included in the payloads to provide measurements of total atmospheric density and its variation. These measurements will identify perturbations associated with gravity waves and tides, estimate the levels of atmospheric turbulence, and provide information on temperature and winds. A multiple-sensor approach is used to provide continuous sampling of the flow conditions around the payloads. Bayard-Alpert ionization gauges are employed as the sensors. The principle of operation is well known: A volume of the gas to be measured is partially ionized by a stream of electrons, and then an electrode collects the re-sulting ions. The density of the gas is proportional to the ratio of the electron current to the collected ion current. Lbken et al. [1992, 1993] have exploited this technique to measure rapid density fluctuations in the mesosphere.

Aerospace Data Package

RENU Design Review

The IG uses four sensors arranged around the circumference of the payload, plus one sensor at each end of the payload, to allow the effects of rammed flow to be compensated for. This geometry is the same as used for the JOULE 2 mission performed in January, 2007 as depicted in Figure 1, plus a sensor mounted on the aft deck that will get ram information during the downleg. The IG utilizes a miniature gauge available from Anelva Corporation. The sensor, depicted with its thermalization chamber and vacuum cap in Figure 1, is small and requires less power (2 W) than other available devices. The cap is sealed before launch and opened at altitude. Electronics control and measure the emitted Figure 1. (Left) Rendering of the forward electron current as well as measure the section of the JOULE 2 (36.234) payload collected ion current. High-resolution, high- showing the geometry of the IG sensors and speed analog-to-digital converters provide photometers. Components of other hardware rapid (1 kHz) measurements spanning a large have been removed for clarity. (Right) Closeup dynamic range (~106) in pressure. of JOULE 2 IG sensor shown with vacuum cap Ionization gauges were some of the first in- stowed. struments flown on rockets in the 1940s [Spencer and Dow, 1954, and references therein]. These instruments were commonly flown on NASA sounding rockets through the 1960s. The IG to be flown on the present missions is nearly identical to that flown in 2004 on the Kwajalein missions and in 2007 on JOULE 2, and similar to that flown in 2000 on TOMEX and in 2003 on JOULE. These missions have returned good measurements from the IG. For example, data from the TOMEX flight provided information on the neutral density environment in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere during times of instabilities [Hecht et al., 2004]. The goal of the IG on this mission was to create a profile of the atmospheric fluctuations to help understand the turbulent environment. Figure 2 shows some of the measurements of fluctuations from TOMEX. The leftmost panel shows a segment of the upleg data. This region exhibited some of the largest fluctuations measured by TOMEX. For comparison, the middle panel shows a portion of the downleg in which the fluctuations were small. Profiles of both legs are displayed in the rightmost panel, with a large degree of structure evident. The largest Figure 2. Analysis of TOMEX flight data fluctuations compared well to the temperature showing, from left to right, a region having structure measured by the IG, which in turn large fluctuations, a region having small compared well to the nearly-concurrent fluctuations, and the profiles of the fluctuations measurements from sodium lidar within the on the upleg (solid curve) and downleg (broken altitude range lidar range of operation. curve).

Aerospace Data Package

RENU Design Review

Additional fluctuation peaks appear near measurements of large wind speeds. 2.1.1 Ion Gauge Requirements Mechanical Accommodation. The mechanical accommodation requirements are similar to those for the JOULE 2 (36.234) and Kwajalein flights (27.145 & 27.146). Figure 1 (left) contains a schematic of this accommodation. Changes for RENU include 1) the inclusion of a sensor on the aft end of the payload to obtain downleg data without needing to flip the payload and 2) a modification to the chambers to incorporate a spherical format as shown in Figure 3 (right). Each chamber has a field of view of 2-pi steradians, or 180 degrees Figure 3. (Left) Rendering of the forward in both directions. We wish to keep the section of the RENU (40.026) payload showing fields of view as clear as possible, and any the geometry of the IG sensors and photometers. violations should be around the edges of (Right top) Closeup of RENU Radial IG sensor (Right the fields rather than near their centers. shown with vacuum door closed. We plan to use alignment pins on the bottom) Closeup of RENU Forward/Aft IG mounting interface in order to reduce sensor shown with vacuum door closed. mechanical tolerance buildup. We also require a 3-D CAD model of the payload in deployed state in order to complete needed simulations of the gas flow around the payload. We would also like to have a full 3D CAD model of the payload and ready-to-fly vehicle for our own records and publications. Flight Attitude. The IG requires postflight attitude knowledge accurate to one degree in all three axes. Electrical Power. The six IG sensors require a total of eight single-board controllers supplied by Aerospace. Each of these controllers consumes 450 mA @ +12 V (see Figure 7). Each of the six sensors also contains a getter that requires power periodically (typically once per day for about 15 minutes). The getters are not operated in flight, but only on the ground. For all of our flights before RENU, we have wired these getters in series and asked Wallops to supply a current- and voltage-limited power supply to run this system. Due to problems experienced with this setup during our latest flight (JOULE 2), we plan to modify this system to provide our own limiting and regulation. Telemetry. Each of the eight IG controllers requires a WFF93 serial data channel. In the past we have used the standard frame-locked telemetry, using the signals serial out, continuous bit clock, enable, and major frame. Each of these serial channels provides 60 kbps and 60 bit samples are expected every 1 ms. However, due to problems experienced with the handshaking on the TRICE payloads, we are contemplating changing to the asynchronous serial system. As the design matures we will provide more information on this possible change. In addition to the digital telemetry, each of the eight controllers requires

Aerospace Data Package

RENU Design Review

eight analog housekeeping channels telemetered at about 50 sps each. A deployment microswitch for each of the six IG doors is also to be monitored by TM. Commanding. The IG requires a timer event to actuate the Wallops-supplied pyrotechnics used to open the IG vacuum doors at altitude. (We would also like to examine the possibility of Wallops supplying actuators based on shape-memory alloys rather than the Holex 2801 actuators we have used in the past. A second timer event is required to turn on the IG filaments at altitude. In addition, the getters must be commandable by an umbilical command (no need to operate the getters in flight), and the filament power must be commandable through the umbilical. This system has been used for all of our IG experiments, including those on 27.145, 27.146 and 36.234.

2.2 Photometer Experiment A set of three photometers provides uplooking zenith brightnesses for the three auroral emission features. The photomultiplier tubes are all mounted in an aluminum block that is cooled prior to flight by liquid nitrogen to a temperature of approximately 30C to reduce the dark count rates to acceptable levels. The LN2 lines are cut at launch and the block stays at low temperature throughout the flight. The three filters have full-width half-maxima less than 3 nm in order to isolate the following three features; N2+1NG(391.4 nm), OI (630.0nm) and OI (844.6nm). The 391.4 nm emission is dominated by resonant scattering during daylit aurora (Sivjee, 1983) and this has the advantage of making it easier to measure N2+ density which can be converted to N2 density provided that the auroral flux, the O density, and the electron density are known. Data are taken at least every 25ms. In typical aurora the height resolution is about 1 km. Similar 3-channel photometers have flown on several missions, including two of the Coqui Dos rockets, TOMEX, and the two JOULE missions. Figure 4 depicts the photometers with their cooling block, and Figure 5 shows how the photometer system is to be mounted on the forward deck with the forward IG sensor. The photometer experiment consists of a sunshade foreoptics section (shown as the yellow cylinder) which is designed to reject scattered sunlight from entering the system, a fiber optic cable, which transmits the photons from the sunshade to the rectangular cooling block which houses the bandpass filters and the cooled photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The cooling block is chilled to approximately -20C by a flow of LN2 prior to launch. The thermal inertia of the block keeps the PMTs cool throughput the flight. The photometers will provide height-resolved information on thermospheric composition, which in turn provides information on vertical transport. The data returned will be analyzed, in combination with RENUs electron measurements and the ground-based radar data, using the Strickland electron transport model to provide a measure of the O/N2 ratio as a function of altitude. Examples of such an analysis have been reported on for ARIA flights by Strickland et al. [2000] and the JOULE flight [Slocum et al., 2010, manuscript in preparation]. Inclusion of the photometers in RENUs payload will allow height resolution of the O/N2 ratio in the cusp upwelling region, thus yielding information on the phenomena responsible for the upwelling.

Aerospace Data Package

RENU Design Review

Figure 4. Rendering of photometers experiment. 2.2.1 Photometer Requirements Mechanical Accommodation. The mechanical accommodation requirements Figure 5. Rendering showing placement of are similar to those for the JOULE 2 flight photometers experiment on the payload. (36.234),and these are shown for the RENU payload in Figure 5. Flight Attitude. The photometers require orientation in flight of the payload spin axis with the ambient magnetic field. The desired accuracy is to be one degree. However, in order to analyze the data if the deviations exceed one degree, the experiment require postflight attitude knowledge accurate to one degree in all axes. Electrical Power. Each of the three photometers requires 150 mA at +12 V for the photometer power. We also require 1.5 Amp periodically at 15.6 V for the photometer heater power. The duty cycle is about 15 seconds every 3 minutes. The power requirements and pinouts are given in Figure 6. Telemetry. Each of the three photometers produces counts that will be accumulated by a counter on a TM counter deck. The counters will be differential, free-running (no reset) and we are requesting 18 bit counters. The desired sample rate for each photometer is 50 samples per second (2700 bps). We also have 17 analog channels for housekeeping to be digitized at 10 bit resolution at 50 sps (8500 bps). The telemetry requirements are summarized in Figure 6.

Aerospace Data Package

RENU Design Review

Ground Operations. The method we have previously used successfully requires LN2 flowing into the photometer block. The LN2 dewars are kept in the mini block house and approximately 100 feet of insulated line delivers the LN2 to the rocket. Our previous experience with cooling of the photometers indicates we will need approximately one 160 liter dewar of liquid nitrogen, pressured at 22PSI, for every two nights of counting. Pressures above 75 PSI are not acceptable for the LN2 dewars. In addition, we require at least one bottle of N2 gas at 1500PSI for every two nights; for bottle pressures less than 1500 PSI, one bottle may be needed every night. Aerospace will provide insulated tubing from the dewars to the photometers and the associated hardware. NASA is to provide rigging for the pull-away photometer cooling line, which is cut at launch, and a pull-away electrical umbilical. We also need 110V AC for the photometer LN2 flow control box.

3. Payload Requirements 3.1 Vehicle Dynamics A roll rate between 0.5 and 1 rps is required during IG door deployment. 3.2 Environmental Issues 3.2.1 Outgassing: Outgassing by electrical and mechanical components should be minimized to protect instrument systems and enhance the value of the scientific data. Standard practices are to be observed: Select low outgassing materials from applicable NASA publications. Use clean, bare aluminum payload skin. No anodization on payload exterior parts or parts which might reach high temperatures (gold iridite acceptable). Scrupulously clean entire payload of flux, debris, fingerprints, etc. with an approved solvent. Vent potential gas pockets to allow rapid pump out. Seal battery packs and squibs where possible. 3.2.2 EMI considerations: Follow standard practice. 4. Mission Requirements 4.1 Testing and Evaluation Standard tests are to be performed during T&E at WFF. A spinning deployment test is requested for the IG. 4.2 Ground Support 4.2.1. Telemetry ground station. Real time decommutation, D/A conversion and strip chart recording of selected PCM signals. D/A conversion and strip chart recording of all PCM telemetry is required after each pre-launch check and post flights. We also require a parallel interface to a TDP bit sync for this purpose in the TM building. 4.2.2. Control of the instrumentation will be provided by WFF by an appropriate control panel. 4.3 Other Range Support Dry nitrogen purge Alcohol and acetone for pre-launch cleaning LN2 and pressurized N2, as described above 5. Post-launch Requirements The following are to be delivered to the Experimenter in a timely fashion after launch:
7

Aerospace Data Package

RENU Design Review

Telemetered data on standard data medium. Trajectory information accurate to 100 m or better. Attitude information accurate to one degree or better.

6. Contact Information Dr. James H. Clemmons Mail Station M2-254 The Aerospace Corporation P. O. Box 92957 Los Angeles, CA 90009 310 336 2428 310 563 3049 (FAX) james.clemmons@aero.org Dr. James Hecht The Aerospace Corporation P.O. Box 92957 Mail Station M2/259 Los Angeles, CA 90009 310 336 7017 310 336 1636 (FAX) james.hecht@aero.org

7. References Hecht, J. H., A. Z. Liu, R. L. Bishop. J. H. Clemmons, C. S. Gardner, M. F. Larsen, R. G. Roble, G. R. Swenson, and R. L. Walterscheid, Observations of unstable layers during TOMEX (Turbulent Oxygen Mixing Experiment), J. Geophys.Res., 109, D02S01 doi:10.1029/ 2002JD003123, 2004. Horowitz, R., and H. E. LaGow, Upper air pressure and density measurements from 90 to 220 kilometers with the Viking 7 rocket, J. Geophys. Res. 62, 57, 1957. Lbken, F.-J., On the extraction of turbulent parameters from atmospheric density fluctuations, J. Geophys. Res. 97, 20,385-20,395, 1992. Lbken, F.-J., G. Lehmacher, E. Thrane, T. Blix, U.-P. Hoppe, J. Cho, W. Swartz, and F. Schmidlin, First in-situ observations of neutral and plasma density fluctuations within a PMSE layer, Geophys. Res. Lett. 20, 2311-2314, 1993. Lhr, H., M. Rother, W. Khler, P. Ritter, and L. Grunwaldt, Thermospheric up-welling in the cusp region: Evidence from CHAMP observations, Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L06805, doi:10.1029/ 2003GL019314, 2004. Sivjee, G. G., Differences in the near UV (~3400-4300 ) optical emissions from midday cusp and nighttime auroras, J. Geophys. Res., 88,435-441, 1983. Slocum, P. L., J. H. Hecht, J. H. Clemmons, M. F. Larsen, R. F. Pfaff, C. T. Steigies, H. C. Stenbaek-Nielsen, and D. J. Strickland, Electron precipitation and auroral emissions during the JOULE experiment, manuscript in preparation, 2010.

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Spencer, N. W., and W. G. Dow, Density-gauge methods for measuring upper-air temperature, pressure, and winds, in Rocket Exploration of the Upper Atmosphere, ed. by R. L. F. Boyd, M. J. Seaton, and H. S. W. Massey, 82-97, 1954. Strickland, D. J., J. H. Hecht, A. B. Christensen, and D. J. McEwen, Thermospheric disturbance recorded by photometers onboard the ARIA II rocket, J. Geophys. Res. 105, 24612475, 2000.

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Figure 6. Photometer experiment pinouts, electrical and telemetry requirements.

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Figure 7. Electrical ICD for IG experiment. Note that all grounds need not be connected on vehicle side.

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Figure 8. Outline and mounting drawings for IG sensors in stowed configuration. (Top) Radial sensors. (Bottom)

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Forward and aft sensors.

Figure 9. Outline and mounting specifications for IG electronics units. (Top) Forward IG electronics unit.

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(Connects to radial and forward IG sensors). (Bottom) Aft electronics unit. (Connects to aft IG sensor.)

Figure 10. Outline and mounting diagram for photomoters electronics box.

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APPENDIX F USAFA DOCUMENTATION

USAF Academy MANG Neutral Density Instrument

Input(andExit)ApertureScreens NeutralScreen IonScreen ElectronScreen

BoomMount CableExitAperture

MANG BOOM MOUNTED NEUTAL DENSITY INSTRUMENT INTERFACE REQUIREMENTS 04-14-2010 REV A5 SUMMARY The table below details the telemetry interface for the MANG implemented on the RENU mission DB15P (MALE PINS ON INSTRUMENT PIGTAIL, WALLOPS TO PROVIDE THE FEMALE MATE) SIGNAL NAME 28V 28V RETURN FILAMENT VOLTAGE ON SWITCHED 28V RETURN UMBILICAL +28V TYPE POWER POWER SWITCHED/FLIGHT TIMER @ ALTITUDE POWER POWER 200 HZ 200 HZ SAMPLE RATE DESCRIPTION DC POWER INPUT DC POWER RETURN +28V SWITCHED USED TO TURN ON FILAMENTS SWITCHED DC POWER RETURN GROUND CONTROL SIGNAL ENABLING CALIRATION SIGNALS FOR DENSITY & BEAM CURRENT SIGNAL CHANNELS DENSITY SIGNAL OUTPUT (POS) + DENSITY SIGNAL OUTPUT (NEG) SHIELD GROUND WIRE FOR DENSITY SIGNAL BEAM CURRENT OUTPUT (POS) + BEAM CURRENT OUTPUT (NEG)SHIELD GROUND WIRE FOR BEAM CURRENT SIGNAL SIGNAL INDICATING INTERNAL VOLTAGES ARE OK SENSOR SPIRAL +180V MONITOR DSUB 15 Pin Number 1 9 2 10 3 8 15 7 6 13 5 4 12

DENSITY+ DIFF ANALOG DENSITYDIFF ANALOG DENSITY_SHIELD SHIELD_GROUND

BEAM CURRENT+

BEAM CURRENTBEAM_SHIELD VOLTAGE HEALTH SPIRAL HV

DIFF ANALOG DIFF ANALOG SHIELD_GROUND S.E. ANALOG S.E. ANALOG

200 HZ 200 HZ

200 HZ 200 HZ

-Pin 1 28V Power Nominal 100mA draw -Pin 2 Filament Voltage ON Switched power from Flight Timer Nominal 200mA draw

SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT FOR ION GAUGE STYLE MANG

Neutral density data from MSIS-E-90 Atmosphere Model for 15 December 2005 - 78N/16E - 1200 Local:

NeutralDensityvs.Altitude
600 550 500 Altitude(km) 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 1.0E01 1.0E+01 1.0E+03 1.0E+05 1.0E+07 1.0E+09 1.0E+11 Density(cm3) O2 N2 O

Then by incorporating the geometry of the MANG sensor with anticipated ionization cross section values taken from NIST Electron-Impact Cross Sections for Ionization and Excitation Model:

NeutralCurrentvs.Altitude
600 550 500 Altitude(km) 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 1.0E13 1.0E12 1.0E11 1.0E10 1.0E09 1.0E08 1.0E07 Current(A)

Using 2mA beam current and picking ionization cross sections () at 75ev:

I amp n A l I beam A
A

MANG Electronics Block Diagram

ApertureScreens Gnd +12V 12V +12V Gnd 12V LowVoltage PowerSupply +28VPower +28VReturn Telemetry Connector DB15P

Filament

AltitudeSW

Filament PowerSupply

+28VDelayed

BeamCurrent Monitor

BeamCurrentMonitor +30V PowerSupply

Gnd Power Source Select Sensor Helix +180V PowerSupply 180VMonitor Umbilical 28V

Sensor

Density Signal Processing

DensitySignal

+12V 12V +30 Flmt

Voltage Monitor Circuit

VoltageMonitor

GroundTest Signal Generation