BRIEFING

Editorial Board ZTE to deploy its first

Board director: Shi Lirong
commercial African
Board member: Zeng Li WiMAX network
Editor in chief: Wang Peng
--WiMAX will be built in Angola for
Product editor: Chen Ji
Mundostartel.
Feng Jun
Liu Shaoyong
Meng Xiude
ZTE Corporation (Shenzhen: 000063, Hong Kong:0763),
Xiang Jiying
the fastest growing global provider of telecommunications
Xiao Rongjian
equipment and network solutions, is to deploy its first
Executive editor: Liu Chongrong ever Africa commercial WiMAX network in Angola fol-
Circulation: Chen Xia
lowing an agreement signed recently with Mundostartel,
Angola’s 2nd largest fixed-line operator.

ZTE will provide Mundostartel with the equipment to build

a nationwide WiMAX network by January 2006. All the
Subscription / Customer equipment provided by ZTE fully complies with WiMAX
Services standards. The network will cover three cities and will
Subscription to ZTE TECHNOLOGIES provide broadband and VoIP services for more than six
is free of charge. million people, including, in the first stage, Luanda, capi-

Tel: +86-755-26771559
tal of Angola, Benguela and Lobito.
Fax: +86-755-26770221 ZTE won the contract in competition with four other glo-
or register online at
bal telecoms equipment suppliers. Under the terms of
www.zte.com.cn/English/Subscribe
the agreement, ZTE will supply Mundostartel with its end-
POSTMASTER: Send address to-end WiMAX solution including base stations and CPEs
changes to Ms. Chen Xia at (Customer Premises Equipment) which offer smooth
chen.xia@zte.com.cn
scalability to an 802.16e (mobile WiMAX) network, roam-
ing support architecture and product serialisation.

“The provision of broadband communications is of huge

benefit to businesses throughout Angola,” said Mr.
Carneiro, Mundostartel’s board chairman. “We are com-
Marketing Division
3F, ZTE Plaza
mitted to providing our customers with the most advanced
Keji Road South, Hi-tech Industrial Park technology available and this agreement with ZTE makes
Shenzhen 518057, P.R.China Mundostartel the nation’s frontrunner.”
Tel: +86-755-26770203
Fax: +86-755-26770221 “ZTE is committed to providing cutting-edge wireless technol-
http://www.zte.com.cn ogy like WiMAX to countries such as Angola where fixed-line
Email: liu.chongrong@zte.com.cn DSL is not the best means of providing the population with broad-
band access,” said Dr Zhao Xianming, vice president of ZTE.

This agreement follows recent ZTE announcements of
WiMAX deployments in Islamabad, Pakistan and a na-
tionwide network in Serbia.
ZTE has established three WiMAX R&D centers in America
and China since its WiMAX operations began in 2002. With
more than 400 R&D personnel dedicated to WiMAX operations,
ZTE owns a growing patent portfolio in the WiMAX field.
ZTE provides the full package of WiMAX products based
on 2.3GHz, 2.5G, 3.3GHz, 3.5GHz, 3.7GHz, 5.8GHz, and
ZTE Opens Dutch Office
ZTE Corporation (Shenzhen: 000063, Hong Kong: 0763)
has established a presence in the Benelux region with
the opening of a new office in Den Haag, the Netherlands.
The Netherlands office follows the establishment in re-
cent years of ZTE offices in Spain, Portugal and the UK
and Western Europe regional headquarters in Paris. More
recently ZTE set up its Eastern Europe regional headquar-
ters in Istanbul, Turkey, a regional resource centre in
Budapest, Hungary and an R&D centre in Sweden.
The Dutch office will target the region’s wireless, net-
working and terminals markets. “Our new office will en-
able us to provide improved local support and services to
Benelux and Northern Europe customers.”said ZTE Neth-
erlands technical director Dr. Bo Tian.
“ZTE’s strategy in Europe is totally focused on localisation.
We will work closely with local partners, recruit local
employees and set up more regional centres for R&D and
after-sale services,” Dr. Bo Tian added.
ZTE has already achieved significant milestones in the
European market this year including: the successful
completion of a 3G European Roadshow which reached
top operators in 10 European countries; becoming a glo-
bal supplier of ADSL equipment to France Telecom which
has 118.6 million customers worldwide; an agreement
BRIEFING
multi-service terminals such as IP data, VoIP, WLAN,
VPN and TDM.
ZTE has signed a partnership agreement with Intel Cor-
poration and Fujitsu to develop and promote standards
and specifications for WiMAX networks. ZTE is also one
of the 13 board members of the WiMAX forum.nearly
10% of its annual sales income into research and
development; and has 25,000 employees, of which 70%
have a bachelor or higher degree.
with Alcatel to have ZTE’s CDMA radio access portfolio
integrated into Alcatel’s CDMA end-to-end solutions; a
research and development memorandum of understand-
ing with Portugal Telecom; and a contract to supply
Skylink, Russia’s largest CDMA operator, with an ad-
vanced CDMA network for Murmansk.
“ZTE’s presence will further enhance Den Haag’s reputa-
tion as an international city,” said Mr Pieter Van Woense,
the metropolitan councilor and chairman of the West Hol-
land Foreign Investment Agency (WIFA). “We expect that
the successful agreement between ZTE, the city of Den
Haag and the WFIA will lead to more cooperation be-
tween Chinese and Netherlands telecoms companies.
With ZTE’s establishment in Den Haag, we expect a posi-
tive contribution to both parties’ growth.”
Founded in 1985, ZTE Corporation has been listed as an
A-Share company on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange since
1997. In December 2004, ZTE was successfully listed on
the Main Board of The Stock Exchange in Hong Kong,
becoming the first Chinese company to hold both A shares
and H shares. ZTE recorded contract sales of approxi-
mately USD 4,111 million in 2004. Currently, ZTE has more
than 27,000 employees and over 33 offices worldwide,
with its products widely deployed in over 100 countries
and regions across five continents.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 01
 CASE STUDY
Pakistan: Major Mobile Network Deployment
Summary: Extremely rapid network growth in a major but immature market uses a turnkey vendor
relationship to maximise time to market and cost control considerations.
The Challenge: Pakistan is a key growth market in Asia.
Mobile takeup is on a substantial growth curve currently
with over 10 million subscribers served by six players of
which Paktel is one of the most recent entrants. Paktel is
the Pakistan subsidiary of the Millicom International
Cellular, a group that has 16 mobile operations in 15 coun-
tries in Asia and Africa. The company launched GSM
services in 2004, and has migrated from an existing AMPS
TDMA analogue service. There is a major push to increase
network expansion by all the major players for competi-
tive and market reasons. Paktel sources its entire GSM
network infrastructure from ZTE.
The Business: Six mobile operators in the country means
the competition is extremely intense, requiring operator
differentiation and addressing a market characterised by
extremely low tariffs. Xavier Rocoplan, Paktel CEO, says
that Paktel’s strategy is to come to market with offer that
is seen as best value for money, but which is not neces-
sarily the cheapest. “We want to be seen as the ‘smart’
choice, and to be the innovator,” he says. Observers
suggest that a key strength of Paktel so far has been
02 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
rapid network deployment and aggressive marketing and
brand building strategies it has employed. Now, in third
place and closing after longer-established operators
Mobilink and Ufone, Paktel currently has around 1 million
subscribers and a market share of around 9%, with sub-
scriber count increasing at a rate of 100,000 per month.
“The rates are already very low, so now it is clearly cov-
erage and quality that matter,” Mr Rocoplan comments,
and predicts the fight will move to ‘customer services
and what you can do for customers in 2006’. But he
contends: “It is a long race, and the one thing that mat-
ters is the shape of [the service provider] cost structure.
We must shape it to remain competitive.”
The Network. “The quality of existing networks is not
very good, and there is only one real player with [national]
coverage,” says Mr. Rocoplan. So, the push is on for the
serious players to achieve national coverage and this will
mean ever more investment announced from the top three
players, he predicts. Whilst all operators have announced
expansion, national coverage means big targets for net-
work deployment. “We actually had the biggest rollout

so far with launches in 31 cities, and more than 100 cit-
ies are now covered,” he says. “It is the usual telecom
cycle and it is very capital intensive and we are all going
through that phase now.” And the costs are many and
various. ”Much of the capex is linked to towers and civil
engineering work. Local approvals and permits are, in
practice, not cheap and licence costs are significant, with
various annual licence fees and USO obligations,” he
says.
To achieve predictability in planning and cost control of
network capex, Paktel has built a long-term strategic re-
lationship with ZTE, the Chinese telecom vendor in a multi-
phase network rollout. In each case, ZTE has provided
the complete GSM infrastructure on a turnkey basis. Mr.
Rocoplan says Paktel is now “in a third phase of that
expansion”, meaning effectively doubling the site count
to 1000 by the end of this year. “We are trying to improve
the indoor coverage in the network as well,” he says.
Brand building is also important in the network rollout:
“We would like to be seen as an innovative brand. We
are rolling out GPRS and NGN infrastructures to help us
achieve our cost structure.”
Previous project phases have concerned building up overall
network expansion including GSM core, GSM radio, IN,
SMS, microwave link and power supply systems. In the
third phase capacity expansion, ZTE provides core and
radio networks to Paktel including shelter BTS and micro-
BTS installations. ZTE is also providing additional facilities,
including CRBT, and an all-in-one O&M facility. In sub-
phases GPRS, and softswitch CN architectures may also
be implemented. Paktel subscribers enjoy features such
as missed call and welcome messages. ZTE also pro-
vides support through its own Pakistan subsidiary that
employs 600 people to provide project implementation,
research and development, as well as manufacturing and
software development for both the local and export
markets.
The Result: What rating would Paktel give ZTE as a
partner? ”ZTE has been a positive experience [for us],
and has been very flexible,” says Mr. Rocoplan. “ZTE
can meet all our creative requirements including innova-
tive marketing features that rebate subscribers for mak-
CASE STUDY
ing phone calls. This is mediated through the mobile in-
telligent network (IN) system.”
What are the lessons to make a long term partnership
between vendor and operator work effectively? “The trick
as a mobile operator is to manage the vendor relationship
effectively, says Rocoplan. “ZTE is definitely a ‘different’
vendor in comparison with the major vendors in the
West who tend to place emphasis on technology feature
sets,” he comments. “ZTE has been very good in terms
of logistics, and has been very flexible. There have been
“a lot of good things such as the IN implementation, post-
sales services and ability to meet our specific require-
ments” that has enabled differentiation for Paktel in the
market. ZTE products “are good, he says, and will con-
tinue to mature over time” and considers that ZTE are
also “extremely flexible as an organization”. And Paktel
clearly sees the partnership as a valuable learning experi-
ence for both sides: “Overall I would rate it as positive,”
he says, and adds that ”ZTE is flexible enough to learn a
lot from service providers like Paktel.”
The Future: The market has plenty of opportunity in ad-
vanced services as well says Mr. Rocoplan: “I don’t think
anyone has sold GPRS properly because there are ca-
pacity and quality issues. We started work on GPRS four
months ago and it should be enabled by October.” Mr.
Rocoplan adds that Paktel will again work creatively to
use GPRS but possibly not as an explicitly branded ser-
vice in the retail market.
Meanwhile network expansion continues, with some
observers suggesting that Paktel could reach No 2 posi-
tion in the market alongside Ufone in three years. “We
are now entering Phase 4 project that could see another
doubling of sites next year,” he comments. A smooth
evolution in the rollout could in turn see both capex and
opex savings involving reduction in O&M costs. The ur-
gency to expand permeates the operator focus, says
Rocoplan: “We will have a dedicated project team for the
next two or three years, and the idea is to keep expand-
ing every week, with activities being continually pushed
through to support the business.”
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 03
 November 2005 Issue
70 NEW PRODUCT
ZTE's CDMA2000 All-IP CN Products
1 Overview
In 2005, the global 3G market begins
to warm up and evolves from the
network experiment period to the
network construction period, and the
corresponding market begins to take
shape. In 2004, the “3G in China” Glo-
bal Summit was held in Beijing,
China. At the summit, experts, op-
erators and manufacturers around the
world sat together to discuss the cur-
rent status and future of 3G. The
stable network construction, service
promotion, and development of sub-
scriber base and terminal suggest
that the 3G market begins to grow
up. The operators hope to offer more
04 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
services; the equipment manufactur-
ers hope to launch products that bet-
ter suit the market; and the users hope
to enjoy more abundant, high quality
services.
ZTE Corporation is not only the larg-
est listed telecommunications manu-
facturer in China, but also a leading
player in global CDMA technology. ZTE
offers a full set of 3G solutions, includ-
ing CDMA2000, WCDMA, and TD-
SCDMA. Among them, the CDMA
series products been widely used in
over 50 countries in Asia Pacific,
South Asia, Europe, South Africa,
North Africa, America, Middle East,
CIS, and so on. The wireless capac-
ity of ZTE CDMA equipment has ex-
ceeded 30 million lines, and accord-
ingly ZTE has become the biggest
CDMA equipment exporter in China.
As a leading brand in the global
CDMA equipment field, ZTE offers a
full range of proprietary CDMA
products, including base stations,
switches, and terminals. ZTE is able
to research, develop, and industrial-
ize the core of CDMA system. Dif-
ferentiated and customized solutions
and perfect customer services have
borne abundant fruits in the global
market. Based on ZTE's profound
knowledge and advantages in the
CDMA field, ZTE proprietary ZXC10

will keep its leading position in the
CDMA2000 field.
ZTE CDMA2000 All-IP core network
product series (ZXC10-3GCN) is the
proprietary carrier-grade communica-
tion equipment developed by ZTE.
The system complies with 3GPP2
standards. Based on IP technology,
the system adopts advanced NGN
softswitch technology to separate
service from control and separate call
from bearer. The system offers the
CN functions of the CDMA2000 All-
IP system to the operators. It can
connect the IS-95, CDMA2000 1X,
CDMA2000 1 x E V- D O , and
CDMA2000 1xEV-DV base station
systems. It offers 3GPP2 standard-
compliant A/Ap interface between
access network and CN. It can also
interconnect with other CDMA2000
3G networks, NGN softswitch
networks, and PSTN. It is compat-
ible with the legacy 2G mobile net-
works (for example, TIA/EIA-41
network). As planned by the 3GPP2,
the LMSD will eventually evolve to
Multimedia Domain (MMD). Employ-
ing the advanced NGN softswitch
technology, the ZXC10-3GCN can
smoothly evolve to the MMD by us-
ing additional corresponding functional
network elements (NEs).
2 Advanced All-IP
General Carrier-
grade Platform
ZTE CDMA2000 All-IP solution is a
total end-to-end CDMA2000 solution.
The CDMA2000 solution is based on
the proprietary ALL-IP general carrier-
grade platform of ZTE and open
standards. It is a real 3G solution. This
platform supports CDMA2000, TD-
SCDMA, WCDMA, and fixed-net-
work NGN. This flexible platform pro-
tects the current and future invest-
ment of the operators and helps re-
lease all the potentials of 3G tech-
nologies and services.
ZTE integrates multiple 3G technolo-
gies (for example, CDMA2000) on a
unified platform. This offers a flexible,
future-oriented 3G platform to the
operators. Being prospective, the
system employs standard and modu-
lar hardware and software design.
Different products are the combina-
tions of different software and hard-
ware modules, maximizing the share
of resources and technologies among
different products. Functional mod-
ules are added to the system to in-
dependent NEs or multi-service inte-
grated NEs.
November 2005 Issue
The proprietary All-IP general carrier-
grade platform of ZTE helps to
modularize the products in CN and
Radio Access Network (RAN). It
takes both the CN and RAN into con-
sideration and ensures reuse of
technologies, unified interfaces, and
70 NEW PRODUCT
unified software support. In this way,
different application services can be
developed on the unified hardware
platform and unified software support,
making it easy for the operators to
build networks and launch various
featured services.
ZTE All-IP general carrier-grade plat-
form has the following advantages:
The general carrier-grade platform
is used to ensure the unified pro-
curement of spare parts and the
scale merit of production. This
enables ZTE to develop cost-
effective, competitive 3G
equipment.
The platform easies the build-
ing of CDMA2000, WCDMA, TD-
SCDMA, and fixed-network
NGN networks. The nodes in the
system feature high reusability,
facilitating the management
and training and reducing the
backup cost.
The platform facilitates the inter-
connection and interworking be-
tween CDMA2000, WCDMA,
TD-SCDMA, and fixed NGN net-
works and reduces the limitation
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 05
 of services. bandwidth and low operation and prioritization of up to 256K flows.
management overhead to ensure the
Because of standards, The system implements the
QoS of the services transferred in the
applications, market and so on, it Diffserv edge node functions
network, while ensuring the advan-
is difficult for the operators to fore- (including the RSVP agent func-
tages of the connectionless transmis-
see the construction of future 3G tion to interwork with the IP
sion in the IP network. This ensures
network. The general carrier-grade bearer services in the external
November 2005 Issue

the development of new services in

platform helps to release the pres-
sure of the operators.
In the changing, growing and evolv-
ing business environment, ZTE All-
IP general carrier-grade platform en-
sures the flexible optimization of net-
70 NEW PRODUCT
the IP network.
Differentiated Service (DiffServ) Mul-
tiple Protocol Label Switching has
drawn great attention in the industry
to offer a better QoS for IP network.
ZTE CDMA2000 All-IP system em-
networks.
The QoS information about differ-
ent external traffic can be mapped
into internal traffic.
4 Abundant Featured

work configuration, cost-effective

support for multiple 3G
technologies, and the
interoperability of general services
and applications and multiple
technologies. For the operators, this
platform is a future-oriented, effi-
cient business partner. After select-
ing this platform, the operators will
get advanced mobile technologies
and experience of ZTE, no matter
what technology is used.
3 Perfect QoS
The development of 3G technologies
will bring diversified services and
applications to the users. This re-
quires a higher QoS of the network
during the evolution. The QoS func-
tion is to regulate the traffic of differ-
ent services, customize correspond-
ing bandwidth for different services,
and smoothen the network traffic. It
intends to ensure the bandwidth, low
delay, and low packet loss rate of the
real-time services, improve the band-
width utilization rate, tailor the rate of
physical interfaces, and so on. To
solve the QoS problem with the net-
work is to reasonably use the limited
ploys a top-down and end-to-end QoS
architecture, facilitating the imple-
mentation of better traffic manage-
ment policies.
The external network interface
board offers related QoS protocols
supported by external networks.
Sufficient bandwidth is reserved
for the internal network in the
system. That is to say, the sys-
tem reserves a redundant band-
width of 30%~40% while ensur-
ing the bandwidth for the full load.
The internal bandwidth of the sys-
tem (after the reasonable incre-
mental overhead is considered) is
always higher than the bandwidth
of the external interfaces.
The system offers perfect mecha-
nisms for load balance, traffic
measurement, and traffic control
to avoid Ethernet congestion in the
system.
The system adopts the MPLS
technology.
The system adopts the Diffserv
technology and supports
Services
In the entire 3G industry chain, the
operators, equipment manufacturers,
terminal manufacturers, and service
providers form a team to promote the
development of 3G industry. As the
pioneers of 3G, NTT DoCoMo and
Hutchison launched 3G services sev-
eral years ago. However, at that time,
there were no abundant terminals,
coverage, services, or applications,
so the subscriber base grew slowly.
Now, the entire 3G industry chain has
been greatly improved. Multiple ter-
minal manufacturers (Motorola,
Nokia, and so on) have launched a
large number of 3G terminals; the
major mobile operators have de-
ployed 3G networks; and the major
equipment manufacturers have
launched 3G network equipment. It
is obvious that the provision of ad-
vanced 3G services has become the
key to the 3G industry chain. Only
abundant services and applications
can attract subscribers and enable the
3G industry to soar.
With deep understanding of mobile
communication system and rich ap-

06 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
plication experience, ZTE ensures the
technical advancement and stability
of ZXC10-3GCN and fully considers
the actual demands of the operators.
ZTE has been striving to explore and
develop various applications with the
deployed GoTa networks in over ten
countries (Russia, Norway, Turkey,
Brazil, Thailand, Indonesia, Egypt,
Algeria, and so on) through coopera-
tion with local operators.
ZTE has launched GGG gateway
5 Conclusion
As a leading player in supplying net-
work equipment, ZTE has been striv-
ing to research, develop, and pro-
mote 3G equipment for years. ZTE
CDMA2000 All-IP CN product series

November 2005 Issue

operators. With rich application ex-
solution. ZXC10-FLR/AC (Foreign (ZXC10-3GCN) is another knockout
perience in global market and good
Mode Location Register/Authentica- product of ZTE. As the 3G industry
cooperation relationship with major
tion Center) is the first GGG gateway chain continuously improves, more
operators, ZTE has helped the opera-
product launched by ZTE in the world. and more 3G services and applica-
tors in launching various featured
This gateway product provides a spe- tions will be offered, and more 3G
applications at the right time, includ-
cialized gateway between the GSM networks will be built. Being cus-
ing 3G services such as location ser-
and CDMA networks, with the core tomer-centered, ZTE will still act as

vice and streaming media service. In
addition to the services specified in
the related protocols, ZTE CDMA2000
All-IP CN products can also offer vari-
ous featured services according to the
requirements of the operators and the
network characteristics. The follow-
i n g t a k e s G o Ta a n d G G G a s
examples.
GoTa is the new generation of digital
trunking communication system de-
veloped by ZTE. It is based on the
CDMA technology. The GoTa digital
trunking communication system in-
tegrates public-network trunking and
professional scheduling. This im-
proves the overall competitiveness,
attracts more professional and social
trunking users, and increases the
operating revenue.
70 NEW PRODUCT
NEs of GSM and CDMA networks a pioneer of 3G technologies through
unchanged. It solves the problem close cooperation with global
with the bi-directional roaming be- operators. ZTE will launch more,
tween GSM and CDMA networks. It better products and service appli-
can offer all basic functions and some cation modes to meet the demands
special functions of the CDMA net- of the customers, and will strive
work to GSM subscribers. It can also to build strategic alliance with glo-
offer all basic functions and some bal customers to bring 3G to a shin-
special functions of the GSM network ing future!
to CDMA subscribers. The subscrib-
(Chen Ji, Liu Shaoyong, Ma Qianli)
ers of the current network can use
the services of the two networks
without changing the subscriber
number, achieving the bi-directional
fusion. Currently, the ZXC10-FLR/
AUC has seen its successful appli-
cations in Asia, CIS, and America
markets.

With a worldwide perfect marketing

and maintenance system, ZTE GoTa
has seen its commercial use in do-
mestic and overseas markets. In
December 2004, ZTE began to deploy
national GoTa digital trunking network
in Malaysia, which was the first na-
tionwide use of the proprietary Chi-
nese digital trunking system in the
overseas market. Besides, ZTE has

ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 07

November 2005 Issue
How ZTE Builds Up World-Class
70 SPECIAL REPORT
CDMA Brand Over Ten Years
It has been ten years since 1995
when ZTE started its preliminary re-
search on CDMA technology, to the
large-scale commercial application of
over 30 million subscriber lines by
more than 80 operators in 50-odd
countries at present. In 2001, ZTE es-
tablished its “National CDMA brand
No.1”, and now it is striving to build
up its”Global CDMA brand No.1”.
Let’s look back how CDMA of ZTE
has traversed its way from the very
beginning to the current resplendence.
Episode 1: Growth
Course
In 1995, pre-research on CDMA
technology was started;
At the end of 1998, R&D on large-
scale IS95 base station system
was started;
In March 2000, a complete IS95
08 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
system composed of base station
system, core network system and
so on was launched, and was ap-
plied in multiple provincial CDMA
WLL networks of China Telecom;
In 2001, ZTE was awarded via ten-
dering with a project of CDMA net-
works of China Unicom Phase I in
ten provinces and provincial-level
cities through tender, holding a
market share of nearly 8%, the
first of its kind in the domestically-
made mobile communication
system. Thanks to its outstanding
performance, ZTE held a much
larger market share in the subse-
quent Phase II and Phase III of the
project, untill the market share is
greater than 28% in 2005, thus be-
coming the mainstay of the home-
made CDMA equipment;
In the 1st quarter of 2001, trans-
mission of CDMA2000 1X sys-
tem voice, data and integrated
services was completed, repre-
senting a success of the R&D on
the CDMA2000 1X system;
In the 2nd quarter of 2001, ZTE
CDMA product appeared in the in-
ternational market for the first
time on behalf of the domesti-
cally-made CDMA equipment;
In October 2001, R&D on the
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO product was
started on a large-scale basis;
In June 2002, ZTE made a com-
plete set of its EV-DO equipment
exhibited in 3G World Congress
2002 (Hong Kong ) for the first time;
In March 2004, GoTa (Global Open
Trunking Architecture), the first
CDMA2000-based digital trunking
system in the world was released
by ZTE;
In June 2004, the CDMA2000
1xEV-DO product became capable
of offering delivery of large batches
and started its commercial appli-
cation in an all-around way;
In November 2004, in 3G World
Congress & Exhibition 2004 (Hong
Kong), ZTE released a complete
set of All-IP platform-based
“CDMA2000 1xEV-DO+1X Re-
lease A” integrated solutions the
globe over, which proved that ZTE
had been in the internationally
leading rank in the latest 3G
CDMA2000 field;
In March 2005, a strategic alliance
came into being between Alcatel
and ZTE, with ZTE complete set
of CDMA base station equipment
OEM for Alcatel;
 In May 2005, “ZTE CDMA Global
demo” was successfully initiated
in Oslo, Norway, and refined
CDMA2000 networks constructed
by ZTE will be presented in differ-
ent regions around the globe, em-
bodying that an internationalized
“CDMA Dragon” has been soaring.
Episode 2: Core
Competitive Edge
What aspects does the core com-
petitive edge of CDMA of ZTE involve,
as a successful international brand?
Low cost: Large-scale production and
sales, continuous improvement of cost
and low labor cost ensure its low-cost
competition superiority; and the world-
wide localized R&D and production bases
invested by ZTE with generous fund, such
as those completed at the beginning of
this year in India and Pakistan, with lo-
cal employees used, help lower the cost
during the service process.
Continuous technical innovation:
Continuous technical innovation has
brought about abundant fruits. The
technical indexes of All-IP series
products launched by ZTE in 2004 are
still taking the lead up to now among
ZTE’s competitors in the industry. The
BSC that features the largest capac-
ity and data throughput in the CDMA
industry, super BTS that supports 120
carrier-sectors, macro base trans-
ceiver station with the highest
integrity, the most complete cell
station, the most flexible networking
solution, the first CDMA2000-based
digital trunking communication sys-
tem GoTa of a new generation around
the globe, the strategic alliance with
international communication tycoons
Alcatel and Nortel, a great number of
core patents, and the CDMA tech-
nologies that take the lead in the in-
dustry lay a firm foundation for ZTE’s
goal to “Strive to build up global
CDMA brand No. 1”.
All-service end-to-end solutions:
ZTE CDMA holds a superiority of pro-
viding the most complete package of
services in the industry, such as mo-
bile stream media service, location-
based service, Push To Talk (PTT)
service, GSM1X service, wireless PBX
service, EV-DO service, and short
message service, and characteristic
services can also be customized in
time to satisfy customers’ special
requirements, to help operators en-
hance their competitive edge by
means of service differentiator. ZTE
is in a position to provide a complete
set of base station system, core net-
work system and packet core net-
work system, and also high-, mid- and
low-end mobile phones and fixed
terminals, antenna feeder system,
optical transmission, microwave
transmission, BWA (Broadband Wire-
less Access) transmission, satellite
transmission, power and battery
system, solar energy system, and
even towers and shelters, etc., to
meet diversified requirements of dif-
ferent customers.
Good engineering and network
planning/optimization services:
ZTE boasts of a great number of pro-
fessional engineering and network
planning/optimization personnel, dis-
tributed in more than 60 countries and
regions, who have undergone as
many as hundred of large-scale
CDMA network projects, have a ac-
cumulated rich experiences in net-
work planning and optimization, and
have initially developed CDMA net-
work optimization system and various
network planning and optimization
software tools. What merits special
attention is ZTE’s presentation in the
construction of the network of China
November 2005 Issue
Unicom serving 11 million subscriber
lines in 18 provinces of China, the ru-
ral network of BSNL in India serving
500,000 subscriber lines and the na-
tional rural network in Algeria, which
has eloquently proved the powerful en-
gineering capability of ZTE in under-
70 SPECIAL REPORT
taking projects around the globe.
In addition, the CDMA team of ZTE is a
powerful team with true technologies. The
advanced processes ensure high effi-
ciency and quick response in R&D,
production, quality, pre-sales and after-
sales services, logistics systems and so
on. A powerful production capacity of
more than 15 million subscriber lines per
year; as many as nearly 2000 profes-
sional engaged in R&D, more than 1000
persons dedicated to pre-sales and af-
ter-sales technical support; a perfect and
healthy industrial chain; strategic partner-
ship with internationally celebrated
manufacturers; wide finance channels
and good relationships with the
government; all these form a competi-
tive edge for ZTE CDMA in its course
towards an internationally famous brand.
Episode 3: Commercial
Application
In 2001, the ZTE CDMA mobile com-
munication system got a project of
China Unicom CDMA for ten
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 09
 provinces, occupying a market share
of 7.55%, for the first time in the his-
tory of China mobile communication,
and representing the local manufac-
turers to enter the main stream sup-
plier rank of China Mobile market for
the first time. Because of its outstand-
ing presentation, ZTE held a much
larger market share in the subsequent
November 2005 Issue
Phase II and Phase III of the project,
till a market share greater than 28%
in terms of CDMA main equipment,
which enter 18 provinces in 2005,
thus becoming one of the most im-
portant partners of China Unicom, the
second largest CDMA operator
70 SPECIAL REPORT
around the globe.
CDMA is destined to become an im-
portant chess in ZTE’s international
strategy. Ever since 2001 when it
entered the market of Pakistan, em-
bodying the first landing in CDMA
internationalization, it has been less
than 4 years before it is accepted by
more than 80 operators in over 50
countries and regions. CDMA has
brought about for ZTE not only great
effect but also gorgeous economic
benefits, and ZTE is thus praised as
a communication equipment supplier
with the fastest growth in the world.
In 2003, ZTE was awarded via ten-
dering with a project of 500 thou-
sand-line agricultural network by
the largest fixed network opera-
tor BSNL in India, thus becoming
the first largest CDMA equipment
supplier for BSNL;
In 2003, ZTE was awarded via ten-
dering with a project of the national
agricultural network of Algeria
Telecom, which was then the larg-
est CDMA project in Africa;
10 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
In the beginning of 2004, ZTE was
awarded via tendering with a
project of 700 thousand-line net-
work by Indosat, Indonesia, cov-
ering Jakarta and other important
areas like Surabaya;
From 2003 to 2004, ZTE undertook
the 450MHz CDMA2000 1X net-
work of VPT in Viet Nam, cover-
ing Ho Chi Minh city and other 12
main provinces and cities; and in
2005 undertook the first 3G
CDMA2000 network of Viet Nam,
covering Ho Chi Minh city with a
population of 8 million;
In July 2005, ZTE undertook the
first CDMA2000 1X network of
Ghana, Africa, by the
transnational operator Hutchison,
Hong Kong, representing the first
time for ZTE to enter partnership
with a celebrated transnational
operator;
Up to July 31, 2005, ZTE
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO system has
been successfully put in mass ap-
plication in as many as 15
countries.
Apart from the great success in the
main equipment of CDMA, ZTE has
obtained outstanding achievement in
the internationalization of the
CDMA2000 technology-based GoTa
digital trunking system, the first of its
kind around the globe. Since the Spring
of 2004 when ZTE successfully held
a press briefing on GoTa in Beijing, the
system has been put into mass ap-
plications by more than 20 operators
in 17 countries, among which are
Norway, Brazil, Egypt, Saudi Arabia
and Russia. In June 2005, it was the
first to pass the technical assessment
organized by the Ministry of Informa-
tion Industry of China; in July 2005, it
successful provided service to the
Sixth Asia-Europe Finance Ministers’
Meeting held in Tianjin, China.
Episode 4: Prospect
“A good sword is perfected in 10
years”, ZTE has spent 10 years to
build up the internationally celebrated
brand “ZTE CDMA”. In the winter of
telecommunications that has just
past, CDMA is a perfect presentation
of ZTE’s “Surpass at a turning”
theory and tactics, winning ZTE a
great deal of applause.
In its new march toward
internationalization, ZTE will spare no
effort in striving to build up “Global
CDMA brand No. 1”; amid the vigor-
ous 3G CDMA2000 market competi-
tion around the globe, ZTE will con-
tinuously present its powerful
strength and will harvest further
successes.
As a domestically-made digital
trunking system with the widest appli-
cation scope and the greatest success,
supported by a mature industry chain
and industry alliance, it will not be long
before the GoTa system becomes a
digital trunking technology of the inter-
national main stream.
Let’s witness and feel the new bril-
liance of ZTE CDMA and GoTa in the
forthcoming global arenas: PT/Wireless
& Networks Comm China 2005
(Beijing) and ITU TELECOM AMERI-
CAS 2005 in Brazil in October, 3G World
Congress & Exhibition 2005 in Hong
Kong and world summit on informa-
tion society in Tunis.
Innovations Drive GoTa Growth
GoTa is the world’s first CDMA-based
digital trunking system developed by
ZTE. In comparison with the two digital
trunking technologies TETRA and iDEN,
which are frequently seen in the inter-
national market at present, the GoTa sys-
tem that is based on the 3G mobile com-
munication technology shows an obvi-
ous superiority. It provides perfect pro-
fessional trunking functions, satisfying
requirements of both private and public
trunking network applications, and also
allows integration with value-added ser-
vices and more functions, hence more
attractive to customers. In addition,
GoTa features a good industry alliance,
low cost of the system and terminals,
less investment, quicker effects and
lower operation cost. As a result, GoTa
is a digital trunking technology that fea-
tures both the most advanced technol-
ogy and competitive edge and potential
market share internationally at present.
The reason why GoTa is called a new
sharp weapon in the field of trunking
technology is that not only it applies
the CDMA technology in the trunking
field, but also it makes innovation in
an all-around manner from system to
terminal, from service to application
and from architecture to alliance.
Innovation 1: World’s
first CDMA-based
professional trunking
technology
The greatest technical innovation of GoTa
is its professional trunking functions on
the basis of the CDMA technology. Why
does ZTE adopt the CDMA technology
to deliver trunking functions?
Firstly, the CDMA2000 platform is
currently the most mature and most
widely applied 3G mobile communi-
cation technology. The high spectrum
utilization of the CDMA technology
will ensure larger network capacity
and wider network coverage with the
same spectrum bandwidth, allowing
more economical and more effective
network construction for operators.
High-rate bandwidth supports smooth
evolution to the next generation
networks. The CDMA-based GoTa is
different from the traditional trunking
solutions, for instance, fast
connection, which has been short-
ened to within 1 second; service
channels can be shared, so that in
case of a group call, no matter how
many subscribers there are in the
group, they can share one channel.
In addition, trunking subscribers are
provided with priorities, and this is
different from the common mobile
communication system.
The ZTE GoTa technology solves the
problems that must be solved in ap-
plying the CDMA technology to the
professional trunking, and provides
the first solution for CDMA profes-
sional trunking communication in the
world, of which as many as a hun-
dred of technologies and services
have been applied for core technol-
ogy patents. This innovation will pave
the way for the development of GoTa.
November 2005 Issue
Innovation 2: Based
on IP packet
technology, adapting
to the future trend
of development
70 SPECIAL REPORT
GoTa features innovation on the origi-
nal digital trunking architecture. The
original digital trunking employs cir-
cuit switching mode; but with the
evolution of networks to the next gen-
eration networks, IP packet will be
selected for future development.
GoTa takes the lead in using the IP
packet technology to offer a relatively
independent PTT dispatching system
that provides easy management and
unified interfaces, and meets the de-
velopment trend of communication
technologies.
Innovation 3:
Powerful extended
services, and
customized solutions
The original digital trunking provides
only one type of group call, namely,
the traditional trunking call. In the tra-
ditional trunking call, there is actually
no information interaction between the
system and a subscriber, so it is diffi-
cult to deliver extended services. GoTa
provides an enhanced trunking call
mode on the basis of the traditional
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 11
 trunking call service. This is another
innovation of GoTa. Featuring power-
ful interaction, this enhanced group call
mode allows real-time monitoring of
each subscriber state, thus ensuring
service reliability and extensibility, and
providing many new functions such
as online state query, LBS (Location-
Based Service) and FCN (Fail Call
Notice) and floor queue.
November 2005 Issue
With the evolution from private net-
works to public networks, many en-
terprise users and fleet users hope that
they may possess a virtual network
management function. To satisfy this
requirement, GoTa provides a flexible
70 SPECIAL REPORT
secondary development platform for
industry application, so that operators
may be satisfied with private network
management and differential services
in future development.
GoTa provides a completely new per-
spective for the service application
in the trunking field, realizing perfect
integration of multiple value-added
services such as voice, images, data
and location, meeting the ever-in-
creasing service requirements of dif-
ferent subscribers, and allowing op-
erators wider application spaces for
greater benefit and value.
Innovation 4:
Establishing a
mature industry
alliance from system
to terminal
GoTa is a new system introduced in
the trunking field. How it would be
grown and developed would largely
rely on a healthy and favorable indus-
try alliance at the beginning of its
development. With this in mind, ZTE
spared no effort to promote the de-
12 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
velopment of a GoTa industry alliance
while intensely promoting the appli-
cation of GoTa around the globe. Now
the entire industry chain involves
equipment manufacturers, industry
application solution providers, content
and service providers, and network
operators in the industry.
In terms of system industrialization,
ZTE has concluded agreements on
technical partnership with system
equipment manufacturers such as
Nortel, Saige, Capitalcom, commit-
ting “Standard and specifications
opening to each other”, to form a
system equipment industry alliance.
Up to now, there have been instances
of GoTa trunking systems developed
by some manufacturers via using the
standards and specifications of the
GoTa trunking system.
In terms of terminal industrialization, ZTE
possesses its own GoTa series
terminals, and also enters cooperation
with terminal manufacturers such as
SouthTec, Guanri, Youth Network,
Hengxin, etc., so that delivery of termi-
nal products and products in series can
be ensured from multiple
manufacturers. Currently manufacturers
of the alliance have launched tens of
GoTa trunking terminals that may sat-
isfy requirements of high-, mid- and low-
end users, involving common GoTa mo-
bile phone, bar-type mobile phone with
three-proof functions (water-proof, dust-
proof and shock-proof), vehicle-mounted
station, DTU (Data Transmission Unit)
and wireless modem card.
As to service platform, ZTE has estab-
lished partnership with over 100 value-
added service SPs and industry appli-
cation integrators, launching multiple
practical GoTa services, such as LBS,
multi-ISP access support, making it
possible for operators to quickly enter
the market and generate profits.
Attention should be drawn to such a
fact that the ever-growing GoTa in-
dustry alliance is promoting the birth
of a new standard of digital trunking
technology of the global main stream.
It is just innovation taken by GoTa as
the impetus to its development since
its beginning, and innovation embod-
ied in continuous research on the de-
velopment of the future technologies,
in continuous tracing on market
requirements, in continuous pursuit for
greater development space for
operators, in continuous efforts to sat-
isfy users’ requirements for differen-
tial services that GoTa received ac-
tive response once it was launched.
In China, as early as in 2003, ZTE en-
tered cooperation with China Railcom
and China Satcom.
At present, commercial trial networks
have been set up in Shenyang,
Changchun, Tianjin and Jinan. In the
meantime, the international market
is also an arena for GoTa to present
itself. In 2004, GoTa was put into
commercial applications in Russia
and Malaysia respectively; later, GoTa
marched into Europe, the utmost
core of digital trunking-cooperation
with operator NMAB, Norway, and
deployment of digital trunking net-
works in Sweden and Finland, ush-
ering digital trunking technology of the
new generation into Europe. In
addition, ZTE has cooperated with
operators of over a dozen of coun-
tries such as Brazil, Turkey, Egypt,
and India to deploy GoTa networks.
We may be safe to predict that, with
upgrading of the global digital trunking
system, GoTa will be further and quicker
developed, and will rank first in the digi-
tal trunking field.
All-IP in CDMA2000
In 3G, ATM will be replaced by All-
IP, which is determined by the supe-
riority of the All-IP technology and
industrialization. In terms of external
interfaces, the All-IP interface proto-
col stack is different from IPoA. The
All-IP protocol features higher effi-
ciency and easier networking. In
terms of internal architecture, All-IP
is also quite different from ATM. The
internal architecture of All-IP shows
obvious superiority in its throughput,
industrialization and networking
flexibility. CDMA2000 of ZTE is a real
All-IP product, as it externally pro-
vides All-IP interfaces as well as the
traditional interfaces; while internally,
since it is based on the All-IP switch-
ing architecture, it is in a position to
better and faster construct customer-
oriented large-capacity networks.
1. What is All-IP
Earlier, ATM was first selected as a
network technical standard for 3G,
because ATM was considered as
being superior in ensuring higher QoS
when it comes to coexistence of
voice and data services.
With the progress of IP technology,
however, the IP-based QoS technol-
ogy development and the rapid en-
hancement of IP bandwidth have
brought about fundamental change to
the situation. The superiority of IP,
which features wider foundation of
application, is getting more and more
explicit. 3GPP and 3GPP2 have
worked out procedures for evolution
to IP respectively. The reason why
“All” is emphasized in All-IP is to give
prominence to its completeness,
while ATM will be put aside gradu-
ally to fade out in the end. There is
no doubt about this now. For
example, the evolution of 3GPP from
R99 and R4 to R5/R6 is just an obvi-
ous process of evolution from ATM
to IP. 3GPP2 has defined a process
of evolution to All-IP in four phases,
so as to realize all-around IP imple-
mentation from CN and RAN to
terminals; meanwhile, IP transport
technology is selected for WiFi and
WiMAX networks at the very begin-
ning of their definition, and All-IP net-
works complying with 3G are real-
November 2005 Issue
ized via multimedia services over IP.
All-IP in 3G is recognized as an inevi-
table trend, but as to what All-IP is,
there may be different answers.
70 NEW SOLUTIONS
Some people hold that All-IP is simul-
taneous IP implementation of all NEs,
while some other people hold that All-
IP is just IMS. Actually, however,
these views are somewhat one-
sided. Viewed from the intention of
the industry in promoting All-IP in 3G,
All-IP products have the following
features:
1. An IP interface is used between
two NEs, giving prominence to “All”
IP, in a bid to exclude any hybrid pro-
tocol whose functions are overlapped
with those of IP, such as IP over ATM.
2. The network architecture is in com-
pliance with the requirement of
3GPP2 All-IP NAM.
3. The internal architecture is based
on IP, to meet the requirement of NE
splitting.
In the 3GPP and 3GPP2 standards,
procedure of evolution to All-IP by
phases is clearly specified, with an
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 13

Fig.1 RAN and CN can Be Migrated to All IP in Different Time
ultimate aim of bearing all the ser-
vices over IMS. But, since IMS is only
an overlap domain on the All-IP
network, imposing no influence on the
packet domain, circuit domain or tra-
November 2005 Issue
ditional domain, so IMS is not a nec-
essary prerequisite for All-IP, and
whether IMS exists will not prevent
the packet domain and circuit domain
from becoming an IP network.
The 3GPP2 All-IP architecture stan-
dard stipulates that, as a foundation
70 NEW SOLUTIONS
for the existence of an All-IP network,
3GPP2 will permit evolution of a part
of the network, the access network
for example, to All-IP first, instead of
the entire network. In the meantime,
according to the principle of forcible
downward compatibility, if any new
All-IP NE is added in the Legacy
network, the All-IP NE must support
interconnection with it via a Legacy
interface.
For instance, RAN and CN must be
capable of independently evolving to
All-IP, that is, All-IP RAN should sup-
port interconnection both with All-IP
CN and with Legacy CN, likewise,
All-IP CN should be interconnected
with All-IP RAN and with Legacy RAN
as well.
In the initial phase of All-IP evolution,
a part of the external interfaces do
not use IP yet. Seemingly, All-IP su-
periority is lost, but actually it is not
the case. During network
14 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
construction, it will be of much ben-
eficial to upgrade NEs with mature
conditions as early as possible. It is
especially recommended to select
RAN of All-IP architecture for network
construction as early as possible.
This is because RAN occupies the
greatest portion of the investment in
the entire network, so construction
of All-IP RAN at one go will save a
great deal of cost for upgrade in the
future, hence saving investment.
Besides, the geographic locations of
base stations in RAN are dispersed,
causing complex upgrade, and the
upgrade will become more complex
or even inoperable if it is left to be
implemented after the network con-
struction with non-All-IP RAN used.
2 Difference in
External Interfaces
between All-IP and
Other Technologies
Products based on ATM architecture
can also provide IP interfaces, but on
some important interface types (such
as Abis/Iub), the mode of IP over
ATM is still mostly used. This is
greatly different from a real All-IP
interface. In case of All-IP Abis
interface, if the physical medium is
E1/T1/SDH, the protocol stack used
is generally: IP/cUDP/PPPMux/PPP
Multilink/Phy, and if the physical
medium is an Ethernet, the protocol
stack will be IP/UDP/Ethernet. These
are basic protocol types the existent
IP network router supports, so they
can easily be integrated into the ex-
istent IP network. But the IP over
ATM protocol is generally IP/AAL5/
ATM, and the link layer still relies on
ATM, but devices on the existent IP
network generally do not support the
above protocols.
In respect of reference model of pro-
tocol stack, IP and ATM are respec-
tively network layer and link layer, but
the two feature overlap in many
aspects. For example, either of them
has its own independent addressing,
while using completely different
switching or routing mechanism; in
link establishment, they also have
their own independent mechanism.
These mechanisms are replaceable
to each other. As a result, the most
direct disadvantage brought about by
IP over ATM is low efficiency.
In terms of efficiency, IP is previously
considered as low efficiency, so it is
not suitable for 3G voice services that
mainly feature short packets, but the
newly developed IP transport proto-
col has made this completely
changed. E1/T1 transport is mostly
sensitive to efficiency; comparison
between E1/T1 transport protocol IP/
MP/E1 and AAL/ATM/IMA/E1 shows
that IP transport protocol is more ef-
ficient than ATM by 10%~30%, and
the superiority is getting more and
more obvious with higher ratio of data
subscribers. IP transport is better in
both delay and reliability. The main
reason is that ATM uses cells of fixed
length, so that the transport granular-
ity is thin, while IP uses cells of vari-
able lengths, allowing thick transport
granularity. The feature of cells the
fixed length ATM possesses is not
only an advantage, but also a
disadvantage, because its multiplex-
ing convergence ratio is low, while
the multiplexing convergence ratio of
IP can be great for it uses packets of
variable length, and its efficiency may
become higher if compression of
packet headers is implemented.
3 Difference in
Internal Architecture
between All-IP and
Other Technologies
If external interface type is some-
thing superficial, the internal archi-
tecture of the product is the
essence. The main feature of a prod-
uct based on the All-IP architecture
is that it internally uses IP packet
switching, and the internal process-
ing unit is also based on IP packet,
while in a product based on ATM
architecture, the ATM switch is the
core, and the intra-NE processing unit
will also have to process ATM cells.
Even if their external interfaces are
the same, products of the two archi-
tectures are greatly different from
each other:
1. Products of All-IP architecture fea-
ture simple processing procedure and
high efficiency, whereas products of
ATM architecture involve complex
processing procedure and low
efficiency.
2. That the All-IP switching capacity
is large mainly comes from the su-
periority of low cost of IP; in other
words, the high throughput is obtained
at low cost. In comparison, expan-
sion of ATM switch will cost a great
deal. As more and more services will
run on the same network, redundancy
of switching capacity will become
even more important, so that more
services of greater bandwidth can be
provided, and better QoS can be
ensured. For some NEs, such as
BSC/RNC, the greater their capacity
and the less inter-network
switchover, the better radio network
quality will be.
3. With the NGN concept of separa-
tion of control from bearer, separa-
tion of services from network and
separation of access from the core
network introduced into 3G, there will
be a trend in network construction:
Each NE will become much smaller,
there will be more and more NE
types, and All-IP interfaces will be
used between any two NEs. Only the
use of IP architecture within NEs will
be able to adapt to this change of
situation, and to satisfy requirements
of multiple NEs under the circum-
stance of the same architecture.
4 Others Superiorities
of All-IP
IP boasts of obvious technical su-
periority over ATM, and this is the
reason why 3GPP/3GPP2/B3G takes
All-IP as an NGN technology in sub-
stitution for ATM. Besides, All-IP still
shows the following technical
superiorities:
1. ATM does not support broadcast,
but uses multiple unicasts to realize
its broadcast service. It is predicted
mobile broadcast service will occupy
a most important position in the
future, so the waste of bandwidth
resulted from ATM-based transport
will be a serious problem.
2. IP is capable of easily performing
high-bandwidth transport, hence di-
rectly improving QoS, whereas ATM
costs a great deal in expansion of its
bandwidth. Besides, some new tech-
nologies will greatly improve IP QoS.
3. IP has a far better industrial foun-
November 2005 Issue
dation than ATM. With the evolution
of All-IP, the industry chain and value
chain of ATM will gradually be weak-
ened till no support from the industry
chain in the future. At present, all
standardization organizations have
stopped standardizing ATM; risk of
70 NEW SOLUTIONS
ATM-based technologies will be-
come greater and greater in the
future.
5 ZTE CDMA2000All-
IP Solutions
As an active advocator of 3G All-IP,
ZTE has constructed a unified All-IP
architecture of core network, RNC/
BSC and Node B/BTS long before, so
ZTE is one of the manufacturers in
the industry that have first developed
an All-IP mobile communication
platform.
The CDMA2000 product of ZTE is in-
ternally based on the All-IP
technology, and all NEs are capable
of IP-based communication. Abis in-
terface is also based on the IP
transport, supporting IP over E1/T1,
IP over SDH, IP over Ethernet and so
on; and between BSS and CN, IOS
5.0-based Ap interface is used.
Therefore, the CDMA2000 product of
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 15
 ZTE is a real All-IP product.

Since the CDMA2000 product of ZTE

is already All-IP in terms of
architecture, so the communication
equipment of ZTE will retain the same
architecture from the core network to
the access network, no matter to
what phase it is evolved, even to the
final phase of IP multimedia domain
or the traditional MS domain integrity,
so as to protect the investment of
operators to the maximum extent.
Besides, the All-IP design offers great
flexibility for networking,
transmission, management and
November 2005 Issue

maintenance.

In addition, on the basis of All-IP

architecture, ZTE has also launched
a number of advanced technologies,
such as “Super BTS”, “Radio fre- Multimedia Service Operation
quency ring networking”, “High-ex-
and Its Suggestions
70 TECH

tent channel share”, greatly in-

creasing the integrity and support-
ing multiple flexible networking
modes. It also boasts of a com-
pletely built-in base station (built-in 1 Overview multimedia service brings direct vi-
FORUM

transmission, built-in primary sual impression to subscribers.

power, built-in monitoring) that is
rare in the industry, which is BSS
of the largest capacity and BSS of
the highest integrity known in the
industry at present. Meanwhile, A
interface will be very convenient to
be upgraded to All-IP interface, with
Legacy interface supported. In a
word, the CDMA2000 All-IP prod-
uct of ZTE provides a most competi-
tive integrated solution, which will
satisfy requirements of networks
being evolved to 3G.
(Xiang Jiying, Xiao Rongjian
and Yang Zhaohui)
The construction of 3G network is
Therefore the multimedia will shine
upcoming. While the question of pro-
in the future. It is considered one of
visioning 3G service early or later is
the “heavyweight” services in the fu-
still experiencing fierce discussions
ture 3G network, even as favorable
in the industry, a common ground has
been found on the way to the suc- as SMS, the “killer” in 2G services.
cess of 3G, such as services, con-
tents and subscriber attraction. The
2 Expectation of the
success of a service in the market
Multimedia
does not merely rely on advanced and
Service Operation
perfect technologies. What is more
important is to build a perfect indus- 1. Analysis of the Commercial
try chain through market planning and Value Chain
marketing. Many successful services As the network and operation modes
and the unfavorable services have change, the value chain of mobile
proved it.
communication industry will also ex-
As a shining point in 3G services, the perience a revolutionary change and

16 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES

will become similar to the value chain
in the data communication industry.
In the age of traditional 2G mobile
communication, the voice traffic ac-
counts for the largest portion of the
total traffic, and the largest portion of
operation revenue comes from voice
services. 100% of the operation rev-
enue of the mobile communication
system is taken by network
operators. As an exceptional case,
the service providers (SPs) in Europe
have achieved a certain development.
The SP gets some benefits from the
network operator as a brand distribu-
tor of the later.
In the era of 3G, data service will
gradually become the major source
of revenue. For data service, the
mobile communication infrastructure
is usually used to transfer and carry
subscriber data. If no data commu-
nication network is built over the 3G
network to offer diversified applica-
Fig.1 Relationships between the roles in the value chain of 3G service
tion services and information
contents, the bearer of 3G network
will become meaningless.
The value chain of the 3G is much
more complex than that of 2G. Due
to the combination of the mobile and
data networks and the maturity and
further fragmentation of market, a
batch of new roles are added to the
value chain of 3G service.
The service chain of 3G service com-
prises the following roles:
Mobile operator
November 2005 Issue
Terminal supplier
Application Provider /Content Pro-
vider (AP/CP)
Subscriber
Equipment/software provider
Fig.1 shows their relationships.
70 TECH
A perfect value chain is the major
condition for the success of an
operator. In the future, the competi-
tion in the mobile market will be in-
FORUM
creasingly fierce. How to stand in
such a competitive market? The ser-
vice model of 3G is much more than
that of 2G, and it is impossible for
the operator to offer all-around ser-
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 17
 vices to the subscribers. A problem
with any stage of the value chain will
have negative influence on the opera-
tion results of the services. Therefore,
it is very important for operators to
fully understand the whole 3G service
value chain and their position in the
value chain.
At the early stage of the 3G service,
the mobile network operator becomes
the core role of the value chain, and
leads the development and promo-
tion of the whole service market. In
the market competition, the network
November 2005 Issue
operators having exclusive control
over the market build a relatively
stable value chain together with
many APs, CPs, and terminal
suppliers. However, the subscriber
base is small in this phase, and the
big preliminary investment is required,
70 TECH
but not abundant proceeds will be
gained. In this phase, the major pur-
pose is to capture the market and cul-
tivate consumers. In general, the ser-
vices are offered to the market by
FORUM
using a unified brand of the operator,
aiming to build the brand image
through market propaganda.
In the growth period, the network
operators still take the leading posi-
tion in the value chain. They provide
unified wireless access and network
bearer services for the APs/CPs and
end users. The target market begins
to accept the mobile data service
mode, and the subscribers become
increasingly dependent on the mo-
bile data service. In addition to per-
fecting the QoS of the network, the
network operators also make deep
market research and analysis. They
research new services together with
18 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
the APs/CPs to offer increasing
abundant services over the network
and improve the brand continuously.
They begin to loose their control over
the brands and allow the APs/CPs
to build a certain brands, thus gradu-
ally forming the competitive
situation.
In the maturity period, the network
capability is greatly improved, and the
mobile and data services are
integrated, so abundant new services
are derived. Besides, the mobile com-
munication services become increas-
ingly personalized. The original ser-
vice mode in which the network op-
erators or equipment manufacturers
offer services can no longer meet the
subscribers' demands. The subscrib-
ers' demand for fast, personalized,
and diversified services inevitably
leads to an open service system, and
more roles are required to participate
in the value chain to offer more and
better value-added services to the
subscribers. The AP/CP becomes the
center of the value chain, and the
network operator is required to ensure
the stability, QoS and capacity of the
network. The subscriber market
matures, and the market penetration
reaches a high degree.
2. Brand Strategy of Carriers
The operation in any industry will
evolve to the high competitive stage
of brand operation. Brand operation
is the lasting competitive advantage
of the telecom operator. A success-
ful brand operation help to effectively
reduce the marketing cost of the
operator, win loyalty of the
subscribers, and face the market
competition. The fact that China Mo-
bile and China Unicom frequently
advertise on TV and panel media
proves that brand building is very
important to the promotion and de-
velopment of telecom services.
Of course, it is impossible to build
the brand of a service or product
through advertisement bomb only.
These factors are also keys to the
promotion of a service: abundant ser-
vice contents, perfect service
support, perfect and reasonable ser-
vice management, reasonable
charge policy, enthusiasm of the CP/
SP, and so on. Therefore, the build-
ing of a brand is a stepwise process.
Some simple suggestions are given
below for reference.
Use the success modes of SMS
and Color Ring Back Tone (CRBT)
for reference to enlarge subscriber
scale and increase the utilization
rate of multimedia services. Of-
fer free trial to the subscribers.
Offer abundant multimedia con-
tents and applications to form a
virtuous between subscribers and
applications. Offer an open ser-
vice platform for building a unified
nationwide brand.
Understand the risks in the con-
tent operation, draw lessons from
the previous operation, and
strengthen the management on
SP and contents.
Build competitive differentiators.
The China Mobile's practice in pro-
moting the ”M-Zone” brand
proves that the SMS has a big
market demand among the young
people of 16-25 years old, which
has a far-reaching meaning in cul-
 tivating future high-end
subscribers.
3. Role of CP/SP
The role of CP/SP is a problem that
needs to be clarified for the deployment
of multimedia services. It is also the
weak link in the service chain value.
Currently, during the deployment of
domestic value-added services, an
SP also acts as a CP. In other words,
the SP develops and offers applica-
tions and contents. In this case, the
CP becomes the dependency of the
SP and loses independent position in
the value chain. The causes of this
problem are very complicated. The
root cause for the loss of CP is that
the service contents are actually free,
which results in the loss of the eco-
nomic base of the CP existence.
In addition, since the value of the
contents is not embodied, the CP
becomes inactive. This results in the
lack of contents and makes the ser-
vice less attractive to the
subscribers. In this case, it is fore-
seeable that it will be even more dif-
ficult to offset the loss due to free
contents with the profit of the SP.
The value of the CP shall be clearly
embodied and protected.
When the service evolves to a cer-
tain phase, the position and impor-
tance of the CP/SP will become higher
and higher in the service value chain.
After that, the focus will be on how
to manage and assess the CPs/SPs
in a unified manner to integrate them
into the value chain for joint
development.
The following describes the neces-
sity of managing and assessing CP/
SP by taking the SMS as an
example. Currently, the “Monternet”
of China Mobile involves nearly 1000
SPs. In early August 2003, China
Mobile (Beijing) cooperated with 15
SPs, and a large number of new SPs
applied for the cooperation. In this
case, the SP market achieved great
development, and the good SPs and
evil ones are mixed up. The most
serious problem is the charge pitfall.
According to the statistics from the
China Consumer's Association, the
complaints about SMS in 2003 was
over twice the number in 2002, and
most of the complaints are rel-
evant to charge pitfall. This is be-
cause that the telecom operators
have not performed strict manage-
ment on the SPs.
The multimedia service also re-
quires a large number of CPs/SPs
to participate in the value chain to
offer abundant attractive contents,
so the problems with the SMS shall
also be highlighted during the mul-
timedia service.
Therefore, telecom operators need to
strengthen control over the service
provision and charging process of the
SP, and properly handle the relation-
ship between the punishment on the
SP and the sound development of the
value chain, which are the important
tasks for strengthening the eco-envi-
ronment dominated by the telecom
operators.
4. A Way to Offer Sufficient
Terminals for Service Provision
During the current service provision
process, most of the operators reflect
that the terminal support for the ser-
vice is insufficient. This is one of the
key problems with the service provi-
sion process.
The following takes the CDMA Loca-
tion Star service of China Unicom as
an example. The operator finds that
only 15% of the CDMA terminal types
available in the market support the
Location Star service. It is obvious
that a subscriber has a very low prob-
ability of selecting a terminal with the
location function with the price con-
sidered (in general only a high-end
terminal has the location function). In
this case, only a few subscribers can
use the Location Star service. This
November 2005 Issue
proves that terminal is critical to ser-
vice provision!
The operators are recommended to
participate in the production of the
terminals by presenting demands and
function points, that is, terminal
70 TECH
customization. Fortunately, this prob-
lem has drawn attention from the
operators, which have established
their own terminal customization and
procurement companies.
FORUM
3 Suggestions on the
Multimedia Service
Operation for Carriers
In the current telecom service op-
eration environment, the telecom
operators are required to build and
manage industry chain because of
either their need or external physi-
cal condition. However, it is hard
to build a healthy and prospective
industry chain only through the ef-
forts of the operators. The indus-
try chain can achieve effective and
healthy development only when
the enthusiasm and power of each
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 19
 link in the industry chain are
mobilized.
Thanks to the active promotion of
the operators, the preliminary model
of the industry chain required for the
development of multimedia service
has been formed, but many efforts
are still required to make it healthy
and effective. Owning to the lead-
ing position of the operators in the
industry chain, many CPs/SPs have
participated in the corresponding
link in the industry chain. But only
a few CPs/SPs play the positive
November 2005 Issue
role, this is closely related to the
management idea of the operators
in the industry chain.
If the operators perform too strict
management on the industry chain,
the CPs/SPs will have a small devel-
70 TECH
opment space, and they will become
less enthusiastic, and the industry
chain become less elastic. In this
case, the CPs/SPs primarily provide
contents, though they form an impor-
FORUM
tant or even key link in the industry
chain. Besides, it is difficult for the
CPs/SPs to get key data such as the
use times and environment of the
contents and the favorites of the
subscribers. This closes the commu-
nication channel between the CPs/
SPs and the subscribers and greatly
affects the enthusiasm of the CPs/
SPs. This is essentially different from
the prosperous CP/SP SMS in the age
of 2G.
On the contrary, if the operators per-
form too loose management on the
industry chain. This may result in lack
of a role maintaining the industry
chain, and the development of each
20 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
link will be out of control. We still take
the SMS SP service in the age of 2G
as an example. The negative effect
exerted in the early development
stage of the SMS SP service almost
destroys the currently vigorous
industry. Fortunately, the operators
made timely adjustment and planned
well the development and manage-
ment modes of the industry chain and
played the leading role.
According to the above analysis,
there is no doubt that the operators
play a leading role in the industry
chain. However, in the upcoming
multimedia service, the major prob-
lem of the operators is how to rea-
sonably play the leading role under
the law of market economy to pro-
mote the development of the industry,
increase APRU, and cultivate a batch
of powerful CPs/SPs.
The following are our suggestions on
the roles in the upcoming industry
chain of 3G multimedia service.
The operators positively and rea-
sonably playing the leading role.
They provide a powerful manage-
ment support platform and build
a reasonable industry chain. While
promoting their own multimedia
service brands, the operators
should also allow the powerful
CPs to promote brands, to make
the later enthusiastic in service
provision. It is impossible for the
operators to play multiple roles in
the upcoming multimedia service.
The contents should be provided
and fragmentized by CPs. In
addition, the work of each role in
the industry chain of the multime-
dia service is definite. The respon-
sibilities of the operators are to
offer reasonable, transparent op-
eration and maintenance plat-
forms (charging, settlement,
measurement, analysis, and so
on) for the numerous CPs and to
offer satisfactory service experi-
ence to end users.
CP is an indispensable and key
role in the industry chain of the
multimedia service. The opera-
tors are required to understand
the position of the CP. According
to the NTT DoCoMo's success
experience of 3G service, it is
very important for the operators
to respect the CPs and attach im-
portance to them . Th e NTT
DoCoMo respected the CPs, of-
fered definite profit allocation
mode to them, and accepted
many reasonable proposals from
them. This greatly mobilized the
CPs enthusiasm in service
provision. As a result, several
thousand CPs participated in ser-
vice provision during a very short
period of time.
To stimulate the enthusiasm of
the CPs, the operators should al-
low the CPs to reasonably par-
ticipate in the whole service
process, for example, download
statistics, transparent
settlement, joint service
promotion, and user experience
investigation. The CPs should
also have a certain right to se-
lect services. The operators should
negotiate the service provision
with the CPs instead of determin-
ing it solely.
(Feng Jun)

CDMA Applications in Vietnam
and the Potential Proposals
Vietnam Telecom market is now a
place of spectacular competitions
among CDMA operators and GSM
operators.The introduction of CDMA
services has attracted subscribers’
attention with the highlighted charac-
teristics but still in the process to
solve many typical problems. It’s
considered as potentiality to give out
more attractive services. The highly
business-effective solutions such as
wide coverage solution, GoTa solu-
tion and EV-DO solution, are proposed
by ZTE based on the advanced 3G
ALL IP platform.
1 CDMA Application
in Vietnam
Launching services in 2003, Saigon
Postel cooperates with Korean part-
ners (formed Sfone) became the first
operator in Vietnam using CDMA
technology. The market seems hot-
ter by psychological comparison in
term of users, by services and tariff
race at operators’ side. It’s the first
step to ruin the monopoly power in
Vietnam Telecom market generally
and mobile communication service
in particular. In addition, VP Telecom
a n d H a n o i Te l e c o m , t w o n e w
operators, chose CDMA as well to
build up their network and to make
balance between 2 lines of mobile
communication technology CDMA
and GSM. The point is just which line
can emerge to win the market.
Currently, Sfone is providing the ba-
sic services such as voice, SMS,
fax, WIN services (e.g. CRBT, pre-
paid service). Wireless Internet ac-
cess service was trialed freely in a
short time and it was appreciated by
users - convenience, mobility, and
November 2005 Issue
the acceptable connection speed.
WAP services are in plan with some
application such as picture download,
web browsing, karaoke, game, etc.,
strongly attracting high end users and
the youth especially.
VP Telecom is more careful to pre-
70 TECH
pare the network quite completely
with many kinds of services and cov-
erage before officially putting services
into operation. Among operators, VP
Telecom is quite advantageous as
FORUM
infrastructure, existing national wide
transmission core network. Services
strategy was set up right from the
initial phase and to date, the support-
able capability of system is available
not only for basic service but also
focus on value added applications. It
seems the large range of utilities is
looking forward to being commercial.
CDMA line of mobile communication
in Vietnam may be reinforced by the
participation of Hanoi Telecom. The
huge plan of the Business Coopera-
tion with Hong Kong operator,
Hutchison, immediately fosters other
CDMA and GSM operators, speed-
ing up their business plan. It is ex-
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 21
 pected to be new choice of users by
the end of 2005.
All CDMA operators are endeavoring
to make full use of technology
advantages, which would quickly bring
them to be equal in term of service
availability. Two GSM veteran networks
of VNPT, Vinaphone and Mobifone,
account for nearly 90% market share
with over 3.5 million subscribers while
Viettel Mobile GSM subscribers and
Sfone CDMA subscribers account for
about 5% mobile market share.
However, the proportion of CDMA sub-
scribers is still negligible.
November 2005 Issue
2 Problems faced by
Vietnam CDMA
operators
Time is not an advantage of a new
70 TECH
operator. GSM mobile service ap-
peared first in Vietnam in 1998, it is
developed for nearly a decade to be
as mature as being nowadays. But
the market would not consider any
FORUM
reason that leads the poor perfor-
mance of any one. All the Vietnam-
ese CDMA operators are facing the
same typical problems of a new
player. From the general view, there
is no impression to break through the
conventional user predilection; from
the technical view, they are running
out of the outstanding services, ter-
minals and coverage.
Coverage is always an important fac-
tor that new subscribers take into
account when choosing old operators
or new one as well as requiring costly
investment and time consuming.
While GSM operators’ network cover
almost important areas and extend
22 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
to 64/64 provinces, new operators in
particular and CDMA operators in
general just approach to several
population-densed regions. Sfone
launched its services with 13 prov-
inces covered, merely focused on
some cities around Hanoi and
Hochiminh city, it isn’t continuous
communication among these areas
as well. VP Telecom takes advantage
of existing infrastructure to push up
their network construction in the north,
the south and the central area
simultaneously. Almost 50 provinces,
big cities, main roads, national high-
ways would be covered when ser-
vices are cutover. Hanoi Telecom is
similar to Sfone in infrastructure and
planned to take 45 provinces and big
cities in the initial phase into serving.
All the CDMA operators are paying
attention to the urban and important
areas at the beginning evidently, but
the problem of extension would come
very soon.
Regarding the service, to date, the
basic services such as voice, SMS,
VMS are major source of income.
There is no dominant point and the
tariff war is unavoidable.
CDMA operators in Vietnam need to
pay more attention for network cov-
erage and new service supporting,
especially to support new services
such as high speed data, multime-
dia services, Push to Talk, etc, build-
ing an elaborate CDMA network to
capture more market shares.
3 ZTE proposal for
CDMA operators
Besides the tariff, the most remark-
able thing for users is service, so
CDMA operators have to grasp
clearly this technology’s strength if
they want to get easier than GSM
competitors in deploying new value
added services.
So far, the social purpose has been put
as the highest priority; it means such
a wide coverage as possible and a good
enough quality of basic services. At the
same time, impacting the market by
the killer application is necessary. Sev-
eral solutions are proposed including:
wide coverage solution, GoTa solution,
EV-DO solution based on ZTE’s All IP
CDMA platform.
ZTE has developed CDMA mobile
communications system based on
the CDMA2000 family of standards
and recently ZTE has rolled out its
CDMA2000 ALL IP products based on
ALL IP new generation 3G platform to
adapt to the trend of technical
development. The system boasts of
the advantages such as cutting-edge
technology, high integration, flexibility,
and full range of product portfolio, en-
abling operators to build elaborate 3G
CDMA networks and enhance their
market competitiveness. CDMA op-
erators in Vietnam get a lot of oppor-
tunities to acquire the latest technol-
ogy innovation and enhancement, al-
though they have started but the ori-
entation to migrate to the ALL IP trend
is foreseeable.
3.1 Wide coverage solution
The ever-intensifying competition in
market makes the seamless mobile
services essential for operators in the
construction of mobile communications
networks. As the market leader in
CDMA, ZTE has accumulated much

Fig.1 ZTE’s Multiple Coverage Solutions
experience in CDMA network construc-
tion and put forward applicable cover-
age solutions for the special areas. such
as plain, coast, countryside, highway,
railway, desert or grassland where there
are low population density and traffic.
Ensuring the wide continuous cover-
age is the most costly requirement of
mobile system. The wide coverage
solution has been enhanced by ZTE’s
adequate radio equipment series rang-
ing from indoor and outdoor, macro
and micro BTS, Remote RF station,
repeater to the series of super far cov-
erage micro BTS and Super far cover-
age RF remote station. These equip-
ments would be deployed flexibly up
to the actual terrain. For instance, in
the delta areas or the central region of
Vietnam, it is plain area, quite flat, no
obstacle; therefore, ZTE suggests 4
solutions:
Solution 1: 30W macro BTS +
tower-mounted amplifier;
Solution 2: 40W tower-mounted su-
per far micro BTS, with a coverage dis-
tance of up to 40 Km~60 Km. The an-
tenna height, tower power and trans-
mission on tower must be up to the
requirement to employ this solution;
Solution 3: 10W/20W tower-
mounted outdoor micro BTS, a quite
economical mode. To increase the
downlink transmitter power by ad-
justing the transmission parameters
downlink, decrease 3dB of feeder
loss with the top-mounting mode,
equivalent to the macro BTS in
Fig.2. Integrated Network Structure of the ZTE GoTa Trunking System
terms of coverage range;
Solution 4: micro BTS + remote RF
Station, rather flexible networking, the
maximum extension distance is 40 Km.
On the coast line, the 40W super far
micro BTS can be employed as the
coverage solution, but the antenna
height, tower power and transmission
on tower are prerequisites. In island
the RF repeater with the AC or solar
battery can be employed, etc.
This is called ZTE C++ solution will
absolutely save time and capital ex-
penditure of operators to construct a
November 2005 Issue
seamless coverage CDMA network.
Fig.1 shows ZTE’s series of BTSs
used in different scenarios for full
seamless.
3.2 GoTa solution
Push to Talk (PTT) services provided
70 TECH
by digital trunking system as the
branch of mobile telecommunication
system satisfied the group commu-
nication demand of the group users
such as transport companies,
FORUM
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 23
 hospitals, hotels, military, exhibition
and conference sectors, traffic con-
trol systems, public services sector,
emergency and community
administration, etc. Conventionally, it
requires constructing each
organization’s own system, fre-
quency band and dedicated
terminals.
ZTE has been developed indepen-
dently a digital trunking communica-
tion system based on the Third Gen-
eration (3G) wireless communication
technology - CDMA2000 1X, named
G o Ta ( G l o b a l o p e n Tr u n k i n g
November 2005 Issue
architecture) system. GoTa can pro-
vide the following trunking services:
one-to-one private calls and one-to-
many group calls; special services
such as system paging, group
paging, sub-group paging and special
70 TECH
PTT; and classification of different traf-
fic groups such as permanent group
and temporary group.
The system optimizes and improves
the standard Air Interface of
FORUM
CDMA2000, and defines the corre-
sponding system architecture and
Fig.3 ZTE Co-located CDMA2000 1X EV-DO Structure
24 ZTE TECHNOLOGIES
protocol stack. As the system takes
the existing standard architecture and
protocols of CDMA2000 that enables
operators to integrate trunking sys-
tem into the existing CDMA2000 net-
work and provide both PTT services
and CDMA2000 services simulta-
neously without building up a sepa-
rate system. Fig.2 is the integrated
network structure:
It realizes the functions of forward
channel sharing and quick access
for professional trunking service. At
the same time, ZTE introduces ter-
m i n a l s a s w e l l i n c l u d i n g G o Ta
handset, desktop and vehicle
mounted terminal that support both
PTT and CDMA2000 services includ-
ing abundant and professional
trunking functions, normal voice
service, short message service, lo-
cation and high-speed radio packet
data service. It also provides wire-
less data collection/transfer, video
monitoring and other industry/busi-
ness solutions.
In Vietnam, GoTa solution will enable
CDMA operators to exploit the great
potential market sectors while they
are getting trouble with frequency al-
lowance as well as self-investment
and bring out the convenience to in-
dividual subscribers to enjoy PTT and
CDMA 2000 service.
3.3 EV-DO solution
From the service point of view, com-
paring to GSM operators, CDMA play-
ers should exploit the available ca-
pability of data services. Wireless
Broadband Internet Access is typical
and can break through these sectors
by employing plenty terminal types
such as handset, PCMCIA data card,
USB data card, etc. Multimedia ser-
vices such as video phone, online
game, broadcasting, etc. are all
based on high-speed data ability. ZTE
evolves the system in the
CDMA2000 family, supports EV-DO/
EV-DV as be shown in Fig.3, several
new interfaces, a dedicated carrier/
sector and AN-AAA server are
adopted:
The advantage is that it is backward
compatible with CDMA2000 1X, op-
timizes data speed without affect-
ing the operating network, and EV-
DO/EV-DV processing part can reside
in parallel with CDMA2000 1X pro-
cessing part at BSS side.
Accordingly, it enables the operators
to deploy 1xEV-DO service on the
existing CDMA network at a lower
cost and maximize the investment
value of the equipment. Till now, EV-
DO terminals, dual-mode
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO terminals,
handsets and data cards are
available.
(Meng Xiude, Vu Thi Thuy Ha)

ZTE´s SDH equipment wins first deployment
in Romanian backbone network
On September 24, 2005, ZTE Corporation (Shenzhen:
000063, Hong Kong: 0763) announced it has won the con-
tract to supply Euroweb International, a leading ISP in the
Central Eastern European region, with SDH equipment
for its optical network in Romania.
The deal will provide Euroweb with optical transmission
equipment for each of its 14 nodes based in major Roma-
nian cities including Oradea, Arad, Brasov and Buzau.
ZTE´s enhanced STM-16 multiservice equipment - the
ZXMP S380 - allows Euroweb to transport large amounts
of voice and data traffic over its optical network.
The equipment will be in place by December 2005 and
will offer facilities such as Synchronous Transfer Mode
(STM-4/1), transmission links such as E3/E1 and Gigabit
Ethernet services.
“It has always been our policy to provide cutting-edge
technologies to our customers. This agreement with ZTE
means our network is future-proofed and will offer the
next-generation of IP services to our customers in
Romania.” remarked Mr. Laurentiu Stan, Euroweb´s Gen-
eral Director in Romania.
“Today, more so than ever before, businesses and indi-
viduals have come to rely on increasingly quick and reli-
able access to information which can only be catered for
with fibre-optic technology,” said Mr. Li Chuanzhong, GM
at ZTE Romania. “We are very happy to be working with
Euroweb to bring ZTE´s advanced technology to the people
of Romania.” continued Mr Li.
BRIEFING
By reaching approximately 2500 km, Euroweb´s Roma-
nian data transmission network will assure the company´s
future development over the next years, by sustaining
the increasing data transport/Internet volumes of Roma-
nia and also by securing an important transit segment for
the Hungary-Romania-Bulgaria-Turkey route.
The ZXMP S380 can provide customers with across-the-
board solutions that integrate TDM, Ethernet and ATM
access in a unified platform, thus seamlessly evolving
the existing voice oriented network to a multi-service
network, with maximum return on investment, and cost
effectiveness for service scalability and network evolution.
In March, ZTE won the contract to supply Cabletel,
Bulgaria´s leading fixed-line operator, with the country´s
first ever DWDM optical network. In 2002, ZTE´s SDH
equipment was first deployed in Europe in a deal cover-
ing Poland´s nationwide optical network.
To date, ZTE´s optical transmission products, includ-
ing SDH/MSTP (Multi-Service Transmission Platform)
equipment, backbone DWDM equipment, and metro
DWDM equipment, have been deployed in over 40
countries and regions overseas, establishing ZTE as
a leading international optical transmission equipment
provider.
ZTE TECHNOLOGIES 25