Manufacture and Conservation of a Jam with the Fruits of Carica Papaya

SHENGO L1. And KALASSA N.

1. Chemistry Department, Faculty of the Sciences, University of Lubumbashi (D.R.C),

E-Mail: shengolutandulamichel@yahoo.fr & lutandulas@unilu.ac.cd

Abstract

At the end of this survey interested in the conservation of a jam manufactured with the fruits

of Carica papaya, the gotten results have permitted to note that a formulation which contains

100g of pulp and a proportion of sugar varying between 50 and 75% was the best. Indeed,

after the warming of the pulp of the fruits mixed with sugar between 80 and 100°C during 20

minutes, a fast cooling until 10°C of the gotten paste and the addition of 1% of citric acid, a

jam of quality clean to the human consumption have been gotten on the one hand and on the

other hand, after 49 days of conservation in clean small glass bottles and tightly closed, in a

dry atmosphere to the ambient temperature, the microbial barrenness of the jam manufactured

has been confirmed by microbiological analyses.

Keyword: Manufacture, conservation, jam, fruits, barrenness

 A Survey of the Antibacterial Activity of three Plants used in the Congolese Herbal

Medicine practiced by the Healers in the city of Lubumbashi

SHENGO L1., MUNDONGO T., KASAMBA I. & KAPEND A K2.

1. Faculty of the Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Lubumbashi (D.R.C),

E-Mail: shengolutandulamichel@yahoo.fr & lutandulas@unilu.ac.cd
2. Faculty of medicine, Department of internal medicine & medical biology laboratory/CUL/
university of Lubumbashi (D.R.C).

Abstract

In order to promote the Congolese folk medicine, which nowadays proves to be the

best alternative for our populations confronted to the health’s problems especially the lack of

an easy access to the primary cares and considering the multiplicity of diseases which daily

torment them, a survey of the antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants used in herbal

medicine by the healers in the city of Lubumbashi has been achieved. Thus, tests of sensitivity

of the germs towards the excerpts of these plants have been curried out in order to search for

their therapeutic efficiency according to ethnobotanical information. After analysis, the results

gotten showed that, as far as their inhibitory capacity on the germs is concerned, the three

plants may contain bioactive substances and could be classified as follows: Terminalia mollis,

Diospyros batocana and Antidesma venosum. On the other hand, one can see that Proteus

mirabilis is the germ more sensitive to the excerpts of Terminalia mollis whereas Salmonella

typhii has showed a great sensitivity to the ones of Diospyros batocana and Antidesma

venosum. Concerning Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae, no sensitivity has been observed

towards the excerpts of Antidesma venosum.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Activity, Herbal medicine, Healer

Physicochemical and Microbiological Survey of the Water of the Lake Tshombe in view

of its Recreational Use

SHENGO L. (a), KAPENDA K. & ILUNGA N. (b)

(a) M.Sc and researcher to the Chemistry Department, Faculty of the Sciences, University of

Lubumbashi, RDC.

E-mail: shengolutandulamichel@yahoo.fr & lutandulas@unilu.ac.cd

(b) Professor and Chief of the Industrial Chemistry Department, Polytechnic Faculty, University of

Lubumbashi, RDC.

Abstract

This survey is interested in the assessment of the mineral and microbiological origin

pollution of the water of the Lake Tshombe. Indeed, after the investigatings, the results

gathered have showed that the water of this Lake, in spite of its acceptable physicochemical

quality, contained various parasites and bacteria notably Paramecium Caudatum and

Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae. Besides, the number of these micro-organisms found per

100mL of the water was increasing during the hottest hours of the day. Thus, the use as

recreational water notably the bathing can provoke later a real problem of public health for the

population of the city of Lubumbashi, which means by exposing the health of the users to

infectious illnesses as the gastroenteritis.

Keywords: Recreational water, Pollution, Parasites, bacteria, infectious illnesses

 The Artisanal Processing of the Ores of Copper and Cobalt and its

Impact on the Quality of the Water Resources in the City of Lubumbashi

“The Case of the pollution of the well waters in the Kawama cell”

SHENGO L. (a), MINGA S. & ILUNGA N. (b)

(a) Chemistry Department, Faculty of the Sciences, University of Lubumbashi, RDC.

E-mail: shengolutandulamichel@yahoo.fr & lutandulas@unilu.ac.cd

(b) Industrial Chemistry Department, Polytechnic Faculty, University of Lubumbashi, RDC.

Abstract:

This research is interested in the assessment of the pollution of the well

waters in the city of Lubumbashi. The water pollution of our concern is due to the

enrichment of the copper and cobalt ores by washing them with water in order to rid

them with impurities and the mismanagement of the sloppy waters produced by the

ores processing by an artisanal method. Indeed, after investigatings, it appears that

the well waters used by the inhabitants in the Kawama cell for their domestic needs

know mineral origin pollution. The deterioration of the quality of the well waters has

been evidenced by chemical analyses we achieved during four months on samples of

water coming from three wells that we chose in the cell Kawama. Thus, the results of

these analyses have demonstrated that the artisanal processes used in our city, for

the enrichment of the mineral substances, pollute the environment and more

especially our water resources with iron (0.56-0.57mg/L) and manganese (0.39-

0.41mg/L).

Keyword: Artisanal processing, Ores, Quality, Water resources,

 ETUDE DE L’HYDRATATION DU CIMENT PORTLAND
METALLURGIQUE FABRIQUE A LA CIMENKAT

SHENGO LUTANDULA, KAWEME LUNDE et LUMBU SIMBI1

MOTS CLES

Clinker; laitier granulé ; zéolithe, ciment aux ajouts ; ettringite.

Résumé

De l’étude de l’hydratation du ciment Portland métallurgique fabriqué par la

Cimenterie du Katanga (CIMENKAT), il a été noté que sa cinétique est fortement
influencée par la température, la quantité et la composition de l’eau de gâchage du
ciment.
En effet, une dose de 20 g/l en chlorure de calcium ou en sulfate de sodium, une
température de 50°C et un rapport massique eau-ciment de 0,25 ont sensiblement
amélioré sa cinétique. L’évolution de la teneur en ion calcium due à l’hydratation du
ciment en fonction du temps et le développement rapide des propriétés mécaniques
des éprouvettes standards confectionnées avec le ciment en donnent la preuve.

Abstract

Hydration of metallurgical Portland cement manufactured by CIMENKAT in

Katanga province has been studied and it was revelled that its kinetics greatly
depended on water quantity, its temperature and chemical composition. That’s a
water-cement mixture made with a weigh ratio of 0.25, a temperature of 50°C and an
hydration medium containing high deal of calcium chloride or sodium sulphate (20 g/l)
led to sensible kinetics reaction improvements. Proofs were given by the evolution
versus time of calcium ions amount due to hydration cement. On the other hand,
significant changes have been noticed as far as the development of mechanical
properties during the setting the hardening of cement is concerned.

1
Département de chimie, Faculté Des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi
e-mail : servicechimie@yahoo.fr et shengolutandulamichel@yahoo.fr
 REVALORISATION DU CUIVRE ET DU COBALT RESIDUELS DES
EFFLUENTS DE LA CONCENTRATION DES MINERAIS ET LA
REDUCTION D’IMPACT SUR L’ENVIRONNEMENT

SHENGO L1. et BANZA M.

1. Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi, RDC.
E-Mail : shengolutandulamichel@yahoo.fr, lutandulas@unilu.ac.cd

Résumé

Cette recherche complète nos investigations que nous venions de mener pendant le
premier semestre de l'année 2007 sur l’évaluation de l’impact environnemental dû à la gestion
actuelle des effluents de la flottation des minerais de cuivre et de cobalt réalisée à la
GCM2/Kambove. En effet, les résultats de cette première étude ont montré que les effluents
de la flottation des minerais polluaient le sol environnant le drain d’évacuation des rejets de
l’usine ainsi que l'eau de la rivière Mulungwishi utilisée comme déversoir des eaux usées de
procédé. Cette nouvelle recherche a exploré les possibilités de valoriser le cuivre et le cobalt
résiduels contenus dans les rejets de flottation. Ainsi, le retraitement par flottation des résidus
de décantation des effluents a permis une valorisation optimale du cuivre et du cobalt. En
outre, les effluents secondaires issus du retraitement des rejets étaient moins polluants pour
l’environnement.

Abstract
This research in connection with the assessment of the environmental pollution due to
the effluents from the processing of the ores of copper and cobalt done by
Gécamines/Kambove plant flotation we have carried up during the first semester of the year
2007. Indeed, the results gotten at the issue of the aforementioned research indicated that the
effluents from the flotation of ores and especially the slurry phase consisting of the tailings
and the process wastewaters from the thickeners units and the dewatering of the concentrate
polluted the surrounding soil of the process wastes evacuation drain as well as the water in the
river Mulungwishi used as spillway of the sloppy waters from the factory. This new research
is looking for means to achieve the reduction of the environmental impact due to the effluents
from the flotation of ores. So, the reprocessing by flotation of the tailings after the thickening
of the effluents allows achieving an optimal recovery of copper and cobalt that they contain.

2
La Générale des Carrières et des Mines qui était la plus prestigieuse société d’Etat dans le domaine
minier et métallurgique de la province du Katanga (RDC).
Besides, the effluents from the reprocessing of tailings were less pollutant for the
environment.