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Example:
60 X 300 broiler house
60 X 300 X 7 = 126,000 cfm (25 24 fans)
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This is minimum
The typical U.S. broiler/turkey house:
8 10 cfm per square foot of floor space. 60 X 300 = 144,000 160,000 cfm
Heat produce by broilers has increased approximately 20% in the last 20 years.
How much has your ventilation system changed over 30 years?
50 years ago
30 years ago
Today
Commercial layer
5 cfm per square foot of floor space (90 m3/hr per m2) For a 40 X 300 broiler-breeder house
40 X 300 X 5 = 60,000 cfm (12 24 fans)
To obtain desired air exchange rate exhaust fan capacity must be determined at a minimum static pressure of 0.10 (25 Pa).
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Not only do we want a fan that is energy efficient, we want a powerful fan as well.
3.
Energy efficient
It is not how much power a fan usesit is how many cubic feet per minute it can move with each watt of power:
Cfm/watt The higher the ratingthe lower your operating costs will be.
A fan with a high air flow ratio is less affected by the wind
0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 0 5 10 Wind speed (mph) 15 20
Wind pressure (in) p
Cfm
0.84
0.84
0.67
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Size
Keep small fans to a minimum Small fans are a very poor investment:
Higher initial cost Higher operating cost Higher maintenance cost
21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 12 24 36 Fan Size () 48 60
This does not mean you cant install a few small fans but
The optimal exhaust fan system stages from small to large fans quickly:
Two - four 24 fans minimum ventilation fans Two - four36 fans moderate weather Then 48 fans or larger for the remainder of the required fan capacity h t weather it hot th
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80
70
60.0F
Problems with leaky shutters can be further reduced by placing exhaust fans in groups
The fact is that fans do not have to be evenly spaced down the length of the house
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But you MUST establish a negative pressure if you want to gain control over the environment
.08
950 ft/min
.08
950 ft/min
.08
950 ft/min
.08
950 ft/min
.08
950 ft/min
.08
950 ft/min
.08
950 ft/min
.08
950 ft/min
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Outside
Inlet area = 84,000 cfm / 750 cfm = 168 square feet (16 m2) If the house had a single continuous inlet
Inlet width = total inlet area/ house length = 168 ft2/300 ft = 0.56 feet or 6 or 15.2 cm
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97.4
95
94.2
90
92.1 89.6 86.1
85 83.6F
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90
85
80
75.0F
75
80 75
70
70
Tempe erature (F)
65 60 55 50 45 40
65
60.0F
78.2F 75
35 30 25 20
2-Jan 4-Jan 6-Jan 8-Jan 10-Jan 12-Jan 14-Jan 16-Jan 18-Jan 20-Jan 22-Jan 24-Jan 26-Jan 28-Jan 30-Jan 1-Feb 3-Feb 5-Feb 7-Feb 9-Feb 11-Feb 13-Feb 15-Feb 17-Feb 19-Feb 21-Feb
70
Date
65
attic
60
55 53.1F
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Located above a houses heating system to help temper incoming cold air
80
70
60
44.5
55.0F
58.2 73.7
95.0F
90
80
70
60.0F
10
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80
70
60.0 F 60.0F
100.0F 100
100.0F 100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60.0F
60.0F
95
5C 10 C 15 C 20 C
90
85
80 78.3F
11
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Located along both side walls pulling air from directly outside th house t id the h
Inlets on both sides of the house maximum temperature and air quality uniformity
Air inlets on one side wall do not work as well for temperature and air quality uniformity (especially in wider houses)
12
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Surface mounted inlet sits on the wall a recessed inlet sits in the wall.
13
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85
80
75
70.0F
80
75
70
65
60.0F
Located along both side walls pulling air from directly outside th house t id the h Ideally can direct the air up toward the ceiling during cooler weather and down toward the floor during warmer weather
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Air inlets
Cold weather minimum ventilation Moderate weather temperature control Hot weather bird heat removal system
Hot weather is whenever it is warmer outside than you want it inside.
In order to cool a bird we have to get air to move over its body...
100.0F 100
95
90
85
80
75.0F
15
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Turkeys
(26oC 150 ft/min)
2 m/sec - 26oC
39.0C 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 26.0C
2 m/sec - 26oC
16
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Designed to conserve heat and not to produce air movement over the birds
5C 10 C 15 C 20 C
5 m/sec
3.5 m/sec
2.5 m/sec
1.5 m/sec
2.5 m/sec
1 m/sec
26oC
26.5oC
5 m/sec
27oC
28oC
17
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Things are improved if you have inlets on both sides of the house
Downward facing hot weather inlet improves the situation even more
1 m/sec
30
30
25
25
5 m/sec
20 20.0C
20 20.0C
103.0F 100 95 90 85 80
103.0F 100 95 90 85 80
1.5 m/sec
1 m/sec
75.0F
75.0F
Even with inlets that direct air downward cooling fans may be required.
5 m/sec
1.5 m/sec
1 m/sec
18
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15
50
50
50
50
40 wide house
36
34
32
30 29.0C
Most houses dont have enough circulation fans to provide the necessary air movement.
36
34
32
30 29.0C
19
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Air inlets
Cold weather minimum ventilation Moderate weather temperature control Hot weather heat removal system
tunnel ventilation is just another inlet system
90
85
80
100.0F 100
75.0F
95
90
85
80
75.0F
Minimum ventilation
+0.5 C
20
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Moderate ventilation
Moderate ventilation
+1.5 C
+2 C
+3 C
+4 F
+4.5 C
www.poultryventilation.com
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