PILIBHIT

Project Wo rk On Roll of Women in Advertising : 2010-11

Session
Submitted To Submitted By
Harjinder kaur XI-A

Springdale College of Management Studies, Pilibhit Affiliated To M.J.P.Rohilkhand University, Bareilly

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
History of all great works is to witness that no great work was ever done without either the active or passive support of a person's surroundings and one's close quarters. Thus it is not hard to conclude how active assistance from seniors could positively impact the execution of a project. It is a pleasure for me to have the opportunity to extend my heart to those who helped me in completing this project report. There are several people who deserve much more than a mere acknowledgement for their exemplary help. I express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Harendra for providing initial guidance and acquainting me with the subject giving meaningful direction to my project. I am also thankful to my parents who has helped me. Present work would not have been possible without their able guidance. Moreover , I would also want to extend my appreciation to those who could not be mentioned here but have well played their role to inspire me behind the curtain. Harjinder Kaur

TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Topic Declaration Introduction Study Profile Research Objective Research Methodology Research Design Data Collection Method Sampling Scheme & Sampling Size Limitations Field Work Tabulation / Charting Findings Suggestions Conclusion Annexure Tables Questionnaire

16

Bibliography

DECLARATION
This is for general declaration purposes only that all relevant work pertaining to presented miniature project on : " Roll of Women in Advertising " has been solely completed by me. Besides unavoidable links to certain references the overall work is absolutely original in nature. Harjinder kaur (Enrolment No.: 0)

Certificate
This is to certify that all relevant work pertaining to presented miniature project on : " Roll of Women in Advertising " was completed by Ms. Harjinder Kaur under my guidance. She has done hard work to complete the project. Her work is absolutely original in nature.

Harendra

INTRODUCTION
Advertising is a form of communication intended to persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners) to purchase or take some action upon products, ideas, or services. It includes the name of a product or service and how that product or service could benefit the consumer, to persuade a target market to purchase or to consume that particular brand. These messages are usually paid for by sponsors and viewed via various media. Advertising can also serve to communicate an idea to a large number of people in an attempt to convince them to take a certain action. Commercial advertisers often seek to generate increased consumption of their products or services through branding, which involves the repetition of an image or product name in an effort to associate related qualities with the brand in the minds of consumers. Non-commercial advertisers who spend money to advertise items other than a consumer product or service include political parties, interest groups, religious organizations and governmental agencies. Nonprofit organizations may rely on free modes of persuasion, such as a public service announcement. Modern advertising developed with the rise of mass production in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Mass media can be defined as any media meant to reach a mass amount of people. Different types of media can be used to deliver these messages, including traditional media such as newspapers, magazines, television, radio, outdoor or direct mail; or new media such as websites and text messages.

STUDY PROFILE Roll of Women Advertising

By Harjinder Kaur 31-03-2011 to 06-04-2011

Name of the Study

in

Research Design. Period of field survey Place of survey

Pilibhit

Sample Size Research Tool

100 Pre-coded Structure Questionnaire. Primary : By Self suported by a group of friends. Secondary : Using Various Internet Websites. By Harjinder Kaur

Data Collection

2 Data Compilation, Analysis & Report writing. Preparation of Report

09 -04-2011

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
The primary goal of our project is to study the Roll of Women in Advertising i.e. to investigae the associated impact. Thus the study was focussed on following points: The Influence of Women and Advertising Representation Of Women In Advertising Effects of Advertising on Women Advertising, Women & Ethics

Depiction of Women in Indian Media. Stereotyping of Women In Television Advertisements

The image of women in advertising

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY For this study, the survey was conducted in the entire city of Bareilly and Pilibhit covering all the categories including including students, working professionals etc. The sample was randomly selected from Bareilly district & respondents were in the age group of 18 to 60+ years. The responses of the respondents were recorded on a pre-coded structure questionnaire by the part-time casual interviewers trained for this purpose. The data in the coded form were collected from the interviewers compiled and analysed While selecting the respondents due care was taken to give proper representation to female respondents as well as different age groups & occupational categories.

RESEARCH DESIGN
As the problem is very well defend and clear, a conclusive research design was used moreover the conclusion was to be drawn on the basis of generalised result, so the descriptive design was selected for the purpose of collecting analysing and interpreting the data obtained, on some specific points. A plan of what data to gather, from whom, how and when to collect the data, and how to analyze the data obtained. This is a systematic plan to coordinate archaeological research to ensure the efficient use of resources and to guide the research according to scientific methods. Also known as a market research briefing, this is a basic plan which guides the data collection and analysis phases of the research project. It acts as a framework which details the type of information to be collected, the data sources and the data collection procedure. Thus Research design can be thought of as the structure of research -- it is the "glue" that holds all of the elements in a research project together.

DATA COLLECTION METHOD

In order to collect the data from the respondent of some specific points, a nondisclosure, structured, questionnaire was developed on the basis of the results of the pilot study conducted with 13 respondent the pilot study was exploratory in nature and based on this study various question relating to different aspects like variation of brand preference with age group, income group, occupation etc were included in the dichotomous, multiple choice and open- ended question as per the requirement of the research work (the questionnaire is enclosed in the annexes). Secondary data used in the research was regarding the sales of various T.V. brands at Pilibhit and its was obtained by the kind attitude of BPL gallery and various other dealers of National & Multinational Brands of colour T.V. Data collection is a term used to describe a process of preparing and collecting data - for example as part of a process improvement or similar project. Data collection usually takes place early on in an improvement project, and is often formalised through a data collection Plan which often contains the following activity. 1. Pre collection activity Agree goals, target data, definitions, methods 2. Collection data collection 3. Present Findings usually involves some form of sorting analysis and/or presentation. A formal data collection process is necessary as it ensures that data gathered is both defined and accurate and that subsequent decisions based on arguments embodied in the findings are valid. The process

provides both a baseline from which to measure from and in certain cases a target on what to improve. Primary Data Data collected specifically for a research project Collect when secondary data are Unavailable Inappropriate

can be collected through a number of different methods sometimes more than one method can apply to a single problem Primary Data Sources Primary data collection is necessary when a researcher cannot find the data needed in secondary sources. Market researchers are interested in primary data about demographic/socioeconomic awareness/ characteristics, intentions, attitudes/opinions/interests, knowledge,

motivation, and behavior. Three basic means of obtaining primary data are observation, surveys, and experiments. The choice will be influenced by the nature of the problem and by the availability of time and money. Surveys Surveys or questioning involve using a questionnaire (data collection instrument) to ask respondents questions to secure the desired information. Questionnaires may be administered by mail, over the

telephone, by computer, or in person. Limitations of surveys include opportunities for error in construction and administering of a questionnaire, expense, and time needed to conduct a survey. Respondents may not respond, may be unable to respond, or may give misleading responses. Telephone Telephone interviews are easy to administer and allow data to be collected quickly at a relatively low cost. The interviewer can clarify the questions. Response rates tend to be higher and telephone interviewing allows for greater sample control. However, it is more expensive than a mail questionnaire. The presence of an interviewer on the phone may bias responses since respondents may be unwilling to discuss personal information. Also, respondents cant see product. A major limitation is that they must be short.

Primary data collection methos is the best source of information method. Always good for the survey. Advantages :1. Basic data 2. Un biased information 3. Original data 4. Data from the primary market/ population 5. Data direct from the population. Disadvantages :1. Large volume of data. 2. Huge volume of population. 3. Time consuming 4. Direct and personal intervention has to be there. 5. Raw data.

Secondary data In research, Secondary data is collected and possibly processed by people other than the researcher in question. Common sources of secondary data for social science include censuses, large surveys, and organizational records. In sociology primary data is data you have collected yourself and secondary data is data you have gathered from primary sources to create new research. In terms of historical research, these two terms have different meanings. A primary source is a book or

set of archival records. A secondary source is a summary of a book or set of records. In order to use secondary data three steps must be completed: 1. locate the data 2. evaluate the data 3. verify the data Locating the data can be easily done with the advancements of searching sources online. However, people need to be aware of the details when searching online since pages can be out of date or poorly put together. Therefore, use caution and pay attention to whether it is a reliable data source online and check when the last update was. To evaluate the data a researcher must carefully examine the secondary data they are considering to ensure that it meets their needs and purpose of study. The person must look at the population and what the sample strategy and type were. It is also important to look at when the data was collected, how it was collected, how it was coded and edited, along with the operational definitions of measures that were used. Finally, the data must be verified to ensure good quality material to be used in new research. Challenges of secondary data analysis Advantages Using secondary data can allow for the analyses of social processes in what would otherwise be inaccessible settings. It also saves time and money since the work has already been done to collect the data. That

lets the researcher avoid problems with the data collection process. Using someone else's data can also facilitate a comparison with other data samples and allow multiple sets of data to be combined. There is also the chance that other variables could be included, resulting in a more diverse sample than would have been feasible before. Disadvantages There are several things to take into consideration when using preexisting data. Secondary data does not permit the progression from formulating a research question to designing methods to answer that question. It is also not feasible for a secondary data analyst to engage in the habitual process of making observations and developing concepts. These limitations hinder the ability of the researcher to focus on the original research question. Data quality is always a concern because it's source may not be trusted. Even data from official records may be bad because the data is only as good as the records themselves. There are six questions that a secondary analyst should be able to answer about the data they wish to analyze. 1.What were the agency's or researcher's goals when collecting the data? 2.What data was collected and what is it supposed to measure? 3.When was the data collected? 4.What methods were used? Who was responsible and are they available for questions? 5.How is the data organized?

6.What information is known about the success of that data collection? How consistent is the data with data from other sources?

SAMPLING SCHEME AND SAMPLE SIZE

Sample size The sample size of a statistical sample is the number of observations that constitute it. It is typically denoted n, a positive integer (natural number). Typically, different sample sizes lead to different precision of measurement. This can be seen in such statistical rules as the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem. All else being equal, a larger sample size n leads to increased precision in estimates of various properties of the population. The procedure used for sampling was "convenience & judgement sampling" Although the sample chosen by this method has a main draw back of the members not being true representative of the universe, yet for a research to be a completed in such a short time limit, it solves the purpose. The sample size taken for the purpose a research was 100.

LIMITATIONS
The sample choose on the basis of convenience & judgement sampling might not have been the true representative of the universe. Though every care has been taken to make it most representative. Some respondent (Specially low educated) had not filled the questionnaire themselves and asked their children which may cause a deviation in the results as the administrators always play an important role in formulating the purchase decision. The possibility of biasing factor and impact of opinion leader could not be eliminated as the re-respondents were human being.

FIELD WORK
The respondents were given questionnaire either by contacting personally or by making calls at houses, offices and shops so as to cover all classes of respondent.

TABULATION / CHARTING OF DATA

The data so collected was tabulated as per requirement and then interpreted in a way so that the conclusion could be Darwin to give a significant shape.

Data Interpretation With Tables & Charts

Questionnare Used in The Survey Q1) What is your Age Group? (A) 18-30 (B) 31-45
Respondents Age Group Respondent 18-30 31-45 46-60 60+ Response 31 41 12 16

(C) 46-60

(D) 60+

D 16% C 12%

A 31%

B 41%

Q2) What is your occupation? (A) Student (B) Service Man (C)Businessman (D) Other
Respondents Occupation Respondent Student Service Man Businessman Other Response 24 27 31 18

35 30 Response 25 20 15 10 5 0 A B Respondent Response 24 27

31

18

Q3) What is your Education? (A) Below Metric (B) X / XII

Respondents Education Respondent Below Metric X / XII Graduate PG / +

(C) Graduate (D) PG / +

Response 12 24 38 26

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

38 26

Response

24 12

B Respondent Response

Q4) Do you think the famous split between Ambani brothers overall proved to be a good decision later? (A) Yes (B) No (C) Perhaps (D) Can Not Say
On the Outcome of split between Ambani brothers - Positover or Not ? Respondent Yes No Perhaps Can Not Say Response 51 23 11 15

D 15% C 11% A 51% B 23%

Q5) In your view what quality made Dhiru Bhai Ambani a top class and distuingueshed businessman? (A) Will Power (B) Business Sense (C) Honesty (D) Other
The top quality of Dhiru Bhai AmbaniRespondent Will Power Business Sense Honesty Other Response 32 38 19 11

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

38 32 19 11

Response

B Respondent Response

Q6) Do you trade the shares in NSE/BSE? (A) Regularly (B) Often(C) Sometimes (D) Never
Are Respondents Share Traders? Respondent Regularly Often Sometimes Never Response 21 39 12 28

D 28%

A 21%

C 12%

B 39%

Q7) Do you own Reliance Shares? (A) Yes (B) No

Owning Reliance Shares Respondent Yes No Response 61 39

B 39% A 61%

Q8) What is your opinion about Reliance Shares? (A)Blue Chip (B) Profit Yielding (C) Ordinary (D) Poor
Opinion about Reliance Shares Respondent Blue Chip Profit Yielding Ordinary Poor Response 44 30 12 14

50 40 Response 30 20 10 0

44 30 14

12

B Respondent Response

Q9) Which Petrochemical is most reliable in your view? (A)Reliance (B) Indian Oil (C) HP (D) Other
Most reliable Petrochemical Company Respondent Reliance Indian Oil HP Other Response 46 21 20 13

50 40 Response 30 20 10 0

46

21

20 13

B Respondent Response

Q10) Do you think Reliance has got the potential and mettle necessary to hit the Global No. 1 Ranking in future ? (A) Yes (B) May Be (C) No (D) Cann't Say
Would Reliance hit the Global No. 1 Ranking in future Respondent Yes May Be No Cann't Say Response 64 12 6 18

70 60 Response 50 40 30 20 10 0

64

12

18 6 C Respondent Response D

SALIENT FINDINGS
1

Majority of the respondent is youth. Respondents were randomly selected to represent a genuine sample. Majority of the respondent were well qualified. Majority of the respondents insisted that the famous split between the Ambani brothers overall turned out to be good for everybody. As per the respondents opinion, a good business sense and strong will power made Dhuru Bai Ambani a business tycoon. More than half of the respondents were regular share traders. Interestingly, more than half of respondents were possessing Relianse Shares. Majority of the respondent beleived that Reliance shares are profit making to them. Reliance has managed to implant a very positive image of own in its consumer base as majority of the respondents beleived that Reliance has a sufficient edge over the other major petrochemical companies. The most interesting and optimistic observation was that majority insisted that future of the Reliance is golden and that in coming time. it would hit the top spot in Fortune 500.

SUGGESTIONS
I am pleased to provide following humble suggestions : Reliance need to diversify its product range. Reliance should improve the hospitality of customer care. Reliance should look for aggressive tie-ups and take overs to uplift its market share. It should look for more ofensive strategies like share buyback to increase its share value as reliance share is still undervalued.
1

CONCLUSION
Is an inference to the above study, I can conclude that despite varous threat from competent rivals Reliance has managed to stand a Cutomer base of its own. This was interesting to observe that majority of the respondents appreciated the famous split between Ambani brothers. Majority was also right when it concluded that a good business sense and strong will power made Dhuru Bai Ambani a business tycoon.Most regular share traders prefer to trade in Reliance in fact more than half of respondents were possessing Relianse Shares.Reliance has a very good public image as majority of the respondent beleived that Reliance shares are profit making to them.Reliance has managed to implant a very positive image of own in its consumer base as majority of the respondents beleived that Reliance has a sufficient edge over the other major petrochemical companies. The most interesting and optimistic observation was that majority insisted that future of the Reliance is golden and that in coming time. it would hit the top spot in Fortune 500.

Annexures

TABLES
Respondents Age Group Respondent 18-30 31-45 46-60 60+ Respondents Occupation Respondent Student Service Man Businessman Other Respondents Education Respondent Below Metric X / XII Graduate PG / + Respondent Yes No Perhaps Can Not Say The top quality of Dhiru Bhai AmbaniRespondent Will Power Business Sense Honesty Other Are Respondents Share Traders? Respondent Response Response 32 38 19 11 Response 12 24 38 26 Response 51 23 11 15 Response 24 27 31 18 Response 31 41 12 16

On the Outcome of split between Ambani brothers - Positover or Not ?

Regularly Often Sometimes Never Owning Reliance Shares Respondent Yes No Opinion about Reliance Shares Respondent Blue Chip Profit Yielding Ordinary Poor Most reliable Petrochemical Company Respondent Reliance Indian Oil HP Other

21 39 12 28 Response 61 39 Response 44 30 12 14 Response 46 21 20 13

Would Reliance hit the Global No. 1 Ranking in future Respondent Yes May Be No Cann't Say Response 64 12 6 18

Questionnare Used in The Survey

Q11) What is your Age Group? (A) 18-30 (B) 31-45 (C) 46-60 (D) 60+

Q12) What is your occupation? (A) Student (B) Service Man (C)Businessman (D) Other Q13) What is your Education? (A)Below Metric (B) X / XII (C) Graduate (D) PG / +

Q14) Do you think the famous split between Ambani brothers overall proved to be a good decision later? (A) Yes (B) No (C) Perhaps (D) Can Not Say Q15) In your view what quality made Dhiru Bhai Ambani a top class and distuingueshed businessman? (A) Will Power (B) Business Sense (C) Honesty (D) Other Q16) Do you trade the shares in NSE/BSE? (A) Regularly (B) Often(C) Sometimes (D) Never Q17) Do you own Reliance Shares? (A) Yes (B) No Q18) What is your opinion about Reliance Shares? (A)Blue Chip (B) Profit Yielding (C) Ordinary (D) Poor Q19) Which Petrochemical is most reliable in your view is your Education? (A)Reliance (B) Indian Oil (C) HP (D) Other Q20) Do you think Reliance has got the potential and mettle necessary to hit the Global No. 1 Ranking in future ? (A) Yes (B) May Be (C) No (D) Cann't Say

BIBLIOGRAPHY
The work presented here has been

prepared and polished with the help of several sources. I feel it my moral responsibility to enlist the used sources, thereby the list is given below. I feel extremely obligated to the content creators of these resources and truly appreciate their spirit.
www.Wikipedia.org