Roberto Mediero, Roya Olyazadeh

Editorial Plan:

Major Aquifers of Texas

Edwards Aquifer 1. Introduction
Underground aquifers contain 100 times the volume of fresh water found on the Earth's surface but they have been neglected under international law despite their environmental, social, economic and strategic importance. The draft treaty requires that aquifer states not harm existing aquifers and cooperate to prevent and control their pollution. Prepared over the past six years by the UN International Law Commission with the assistance of experts from UNESCO's International Hydrological Programme, the treaty is intended to fill a gap in the law [1]. Texas is the second most populous and the second most extensive of the 50 states in the United States of America, and the most extensive state of the 48 contiguous United States[2]. The Edwards Aquifer is one of the most prolific artesian aquifers in the world. Located on the eastern edge of Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas, it discharges about 900,000 acre feet (1.1 km3) of water a year and directly serves about two million people. The Edwards Aquifer is also home to several unique and endangered species [3]. The district also maintains one of the most comprehensive data collection programs in Texas for an underground water supply. Therefore, it is planned to create a map for researchers and general public to help preserve, and to protect this valuable resource. The goal of this project is to provide scientifically sound data and knowledge to water planners to support the decision making that will ultimately affect the longevity of Aquifers. This project is organized into two parts: 1) Hydrology Map and 2) Texas Map. 1. The Hydrology map shows the major rivers, lakes, reservoirs and 9 major Aquifers of Texas. 2. The Texas Map section provides an information resource of the land, cities, and road that is major components for map and visualization. These data are useful to help the audience to locate the area. The data for hydrology map such as River and major Aquifers are obtained from Texas Water Development Board [4]. The other data such as DEM, Primary Roads and Cities are from open sources webpage [5], [6] which they are not reliable and updated; but still they are good for visualization through the main project.

Roberto Mediero, Roya Olyazadeh

2. The Cartogeraphic Work Plan

2.1 Planning: Cartographic work is going on (Arc-GIS) editing and digitizing Areas. The map should present the major aquifers of Texas area with better visualization by using hillshade, city data and road information. The map will be printed in medium scale (1 cm: 23 m) in A1 page. It is a thematic map not a reference map and it is not going to be used for measurement such as distance so the data are not accurate and up-to-date. The coordinates system of Texas database is GCS-NAD 1983 (Geographic coordinate system). 2.2 Data: The major data for this project are obtained from Texas Water Development Board [4] and they are composed of: Data Boundary Major Aquifers Major Rivers Lakes and reservoirs Forests Cities (2012) Major Roads Elevation Geometry Polygon Polygon Line Polygon Polygon Point Line Raster Attributes required None Name, Area Shape Name, Shape Name, Shape Name, location Type DEM

Roberto Mediero, Roya Olyazadeh

2.3 Symbology: The map scale as mentioned before is 1 cm to 23 meter. This scale is for the best fitting in A1. For the base map, DEM of Texas has been chosen with Terrain-Hillshade and Terrain-Colorramp. They have been created by ArcGIS spatial analysis tool. The layer for roads and river is added to the map with their symbology. The symbology of road has been followed to American standard which they have been edited in Symbol properties editor. Finally the label of lakes, forest and cities is added. The color is chosen Blue, Green and dark grey for them with time and new romance font (size 12 for lake and forest and 7 for cities). The 9 major aquifers have been classified in 9 light color to have better visualization with the hillshade background. 2.4 Layout: For creation of the layout of the map layout view was used. Firstly, two types of legend have been added in our map; one with the symbols of lakes, rivers, cities, forest and roads and other one with symbols of the major aquifers of Texas. Continuously, scale bars have been added showing the scale in kilometers and miles. Finally, a title, north arrow and a short description of Edwards aquifer have been edited. The layout is in landscape orientation because it fitted the map and the scale better. 2.5 Output: The final map should be delivered in PDF format which can be printed color at large size of A1 (33.11* 23.39 Inch).

3. Organizational and economic aspects:

Cartographic design costs for publication maps start at $750-1,000 for the first unit map in an area, and decrease to $400-$600 for additional unit maps in the same general area [7]. In that case, the schedule of our organization was quiet full and a preliminary map was prepared. This map needs more modification in case of Roads and Rivers. The layer of roads and rivers should be edited and they need to be merged so we can have the name of River and Roads also in the map. By calculating the time which is spent for collecting the data and editing and creating the map, it is almost spending 10 days around 20 hours total. The final estimation will be 700$. For additional map which needs more editing the price would be higher. The map will be delivered in digital format (PDF). If the printable map required, the fee will be added to previous one.

Roberto Mediero, Roya Olyazadeh

References:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. http://www.unesco.org/water/news/transboundary_aquifers.shtml http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards_Aquifer Texas Water Development Board, http://www.twdb.state.tx.us/ http://www.tnris.org/get-data?quicktabs_maps_data=1 http://www.roundrocktexas.gov/home/index.asp?page=517 http://www.polarismaps.com/cart.shtml http://www.wwu.edu/huxley/spatial/tut/what_all_maps_must_have.htm

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Major Aquifers of Texas

Edwards Aquifer

( ! ( !
Texline

Texhoma

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Stratford Spearman

Darrouzett ! Follett ( ! ( ( !

Booker

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Dalhart Sunray

Canton Lake

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Channing Dumas

Lake Carl Blackwell Lake McMurtry

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Stinnett Miami Mobeetie

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Borger ! ( White Deer Lefors

Sanford

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Adrian

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Bishop Hills Amarillo

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Panhandle

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McLean

Wheeler

Lake Wilhelmina
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Timbercreek Lake Canyon Tanglewood

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Claude

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Groom Howardwick Clarendon

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Shamrock

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Friona

Hereford

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Happy

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Hedley

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Wellington

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Estelline

Dodson

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Farwell Bovina

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Dimmitt

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Tulia Kress Plainview

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Silverton

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Turkey Quitaque ! (

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Childress Quanah Chillicothe Burkburnett ( Cashion Iowa ! ! ( Park ( ! Pleasant Valley ! ( Byers ( ! Petrolia

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Muleshoe

Springlake

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Earth

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Morton

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Sudan Littlefield

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Olton

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Edmonson Hale Center

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Abernathy

Matador

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Paducah

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Plains

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Denver City

Lincoln National Forest

Anthony ( ! Vinton ! ( Dell City

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Horizon City Socorro ( ! ( ! Clint

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Wink Monahans ( ! Thorntonville Pyote ! ! ( ( ( ! Wickett

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Kermit

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Toyah

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Barstow ( ! Pecos

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Balmorhea

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Fort Stockton

Major Aquifers
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Marfa

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Alpine

Pecos Valley Seymour Gulf Coast Carrizo - Wilcox (outcrop) Carrizo - Wilcox (subcrop) Hueco - Mesilla Bolson Ogallala Edwards - Trinity Plateau (outcrop) Edwards - Trinity Plateau (subcrop) Edwards BFZ (outcrop) Edwards BFZ (subcrop) Trinity (outcrop) Trinity (subcrop)
( ! ( !
Presidio

Texas Major Aquifers

Major River Cities Lake Forest Primary Road

Pottsboro Denison ( ( ! ! Oak Ravenna Whitesboro Detroit Muenster Toco Blossom ( ! Ridge Opdyke Archer Scotland Crosbyton Honey ( ! ( ! ( ! Dodd (( !! Dickens ( ! ( ! (( !! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Sadler ( Whiteface Ralls ! ( ! ! Lindsay! ( City West Smyer Paris Sun Grove Annona ( ! Southmayd Savoy Bonham ( ! Windthorst City Lubbock Buffalo Bowie ( ! ( ! ( ! Valley ( ! ( ! Valley ( ( ! ! ( ! ( ! Springs Dorchester Tom Bean ( ( ( ! ! ! Deport ( ! Avery ! Wolfforth ( ! Whitewright New ( Levelland ( ( ! ! ( ! ( ! View Windom ( ! ( ( ! ! ( ! Tioga Goree Leary Red Lick Boston Megargel Ransom Gunter Howe ( ! Bailey ( ! Ladonia ( ! (( !! ( Texarkana ! ( ! Ropesville ( ! Pilot ( ! Canyon Van Alstyne ! ( ! ( ! Leonard ( ! Wake Village O'Brien ( Cooper ( ! Olney Talco Point ! ( Blue ( ! Meadow ( ! Maud! ( ! New Home ( ! Wolfe Weston! ( ! Sanger Aubrey ( ! ( ! ( Redwater Rochester ( Chico ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !Anna Ridge ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! City ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Jayton ( ! Celeste Domino ( ! Melissa Weinert Commerce Tira Celina Wilson Krum !Krugerville ! ( Runaway ! Oak Jacksboro ( Bridgeport Decatur ( ! ( ! ( ! Newcastle Post Denton ! ( ! Princeton Rule ( ! Point Omaha Bay ! ! Brownfield Marietta ( Miller's Winfield Tahoka ( ( Paradise New ( ! Haskell ( ! McKinney ( ! Campbell ( ! Corinth! ! Aspermont ( ! ( ! Naples! ( ( ( ! Lake ( ! ( (( !! ( ! ( ! Cove ! ( ! ( ! Atlanta Fairview Argyle The ! Little Elm Allen Lucas ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Graham ( ! (( !! ( ( ! ( Rocky Farmersville ! Greenville ! Queen Bridgeport Rhome ! Justin Lake DallasColony ( ( ! ! Bloomburg ( ( ( ! ( ( Como ( ! Parker Cumby Sulphur ( ! Frisco ! ! Nevada Wellman ( ! ( ! Daingerfield Aurora !! Mound Plano ! Murphy ( ( ! ! Caddo ( Woodson (( ( ! Roanoke Springs ! Linden City ( ( ! Newark ( ! ( ! Lone Oak Lone ( ! ( ! ( ( ( ! ! ! ( ! Richardson Wylie ( ! ( ! O'Donnell Lewisville ! ( Mills ( ! ( ! East ( Springtown ! Reno !Haslet Graford ( ! ( ! Yantis ( ! Mobile City Fate Quinlan ( ( ! ( ! Keller Pittsburg Star ( ( ( ! ! ! Carrollton ( ( ! ! Tawakoni Avinger ( ! ( ! ( ! Sachse !! ( ! Colleyville Hamlin ( ! ( ! ( ! Garland ! ! (( ( ( Mineral Azle ! Saginaw (( ( ! ! ! ! West Tawakoni Irving Rotan ( ! ( ( ! ( ! McLendon-Chisholm ( Rowlett ( ! ( City Watauga !( (( ( ( Haltom! !! ! ! Euless Wells ( ! ( ! ( ! Hawk ( ( ! ! Lueders Emory Alba Quitman Dallas ( ( ! ! Weatherford Westworth Village ! Sansom! ! ( !(( ( !( Fort Worth Jefferson ( ! Breckenridge Anson Cove ( ! ( ! Balch Heath Forney ( ! Roby Cockrell Hill Lamesa ( ! Gilmer Grand Albany ( ! Cool ( ! ( ! (( ( !! ! ( ! ( (( ! ! ! River Oaks Park Richland ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Springs ! Mesquite Fruitvale Hudson Saline ( Mineola Forest Hill Hills! ( ! Aledo! Terrell ( ( ( ! ! ! ( !( ! ( Hutchins ( Oaks ( ! ( ! Kennedale Grand Prairie ! ( Edgewood Hawley ( ! ( Benbrook Lancaster ! Seagoville Kaufman Hawkins Nesbitt ( ( ! ! ( ! White ( ! Everman Mansfield ! ! DeSoto ! ( ! ( Strawn ( ( ! Crandall ! ( ! Gladewater ( ! ( Marshall Cresson ( ! Burleson ! Oak Longview Ackerly ( Van Glenn Heights ! Ferris Wilmer Combine ( Lipan Mingus ! ! ( ! ( ( Crowley Impact (( ( !! ! ( ! ( ! (( !( ( Lindale ( ! ( ! ( ! Oak Leaf ! ! ( ! ( ! Warren Waskom (( !! ( ! ( ! Sweetwater Merkel Tye !Abilene Ranger Gordon Scottsville Cottonwood ( Clarksville City Colorado Granbury Godley ( ! Midlothian ! Ovilla ! Oak ( (( !! Roscoe ! Red ( ! ( City ( ! Gun ( ( ! ( ! Hideaway ( ! ( ! ( ! JoshuaBriaroaks Winona Clyde Baird ( ( ! ! ( ! Lakeport Waxahachie Pecan Eastland City ( ! Barrel Edom Putnam ( ( ! ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Hill ( ! Westbrook! ( Easton ! ( ! De Cordova ( ! Tolar ( ( ! Ennis City ( ! Alvarado Maypearl Andrews Keene Tyler Tatum ( ! ( ! Eustace Coahoma Glen Payne Springs ( ! ( ! Cleburne ( ! Murchison ( ! ( ! Grandview ( ! Carbon Bardwell ( ! ( ! ( ! Rose ( Beckville Rice Enchanted Oaks ! ( ! ! ( Log Cabin ! Rio Vista ! ( ( ! ( ( ! New Stephenville Noonday ! Tuscola ( ! Tool ( ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Cross Covington ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Star Harbor !!Caney City ( ! Henderson Carthage Rising (! ( ! Moore Bullard Chapel Arp Blum ! Lawn ( Carl's Kerens Plains Hill ( ! ( ! ( Forsan ( ! Walnut ( ! Barry ( ! Star ( ! Station ( ! Malakoff Dublin ( ! Blackwell ( ! Corner Gary Corsicana Trinidad Frost ! ( ! ( ! ( Springs ( ! Frankston ! Berryville Troup ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Mertens ! ! Goodlow City Midland Morgan ( ( ( ! ( ( ! ! Poynor Angus Novice Iredell ( ! Hico ( ! Goldsmith ( ! ( ! Bynum Joaquin Winters Cuney Jacksonville ( ! Robert ( ! ( ! Tenaha ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Eureka ( ! Meridian ( ( ! New ( ! Malone Timpson ( ! Comanche Lee ( ! Odessa ( ! Streetman Reklaw ( ! Summerfield Penelope ( ! ( ! Gustine ( ! ( ! Cranfills Garrison Blanket ( ! ( Cushing ( ! West ! Rusk Center Wortham Santa Huxley ( ! Clifton ( ! Gap ( ! ( ! Palestine ( ! ( ! ( ! Ballinger ( ! Kirvin ! ( ! Anna ( ! Gholson ( Appleby Valley Brownwood ( ! ( ! ( ! Hamilton ( ! ( ! ( ! Ross ( ! Mount ( ! ( ! Early Mills ( ! Alto Teague Lacy-Lakeview Elkhart Calm ( ! Nacogdoches ( ! Miles ( ! ( !Bellmead ( ! Oakwood San ( ! Paint Waco ! ( ( ! Hallsburg ( ! Augustine Groesbeck ( ! Rock Woodway ( ! Chireno ( ! Grapeland San Wells ( ! ( ! ( ! Mart ( ! Robinson ( ! Goldthwaite ( ! Gatesville ( ! Angelo Thornton ( ! ( ! ( ( ! ! ( ! Crane Latexo Oglesby ! ! ( ( Golinda ( ! Jewett South Mountain ( ! McGregor Lorena ! ( ! ( Hudson ( ! Richland ( ! Marlin Moody Bruceville-Eddy Broaddus ( ( ! ! Lufkin Springs ( ! ( ( ! Mertzon ( Centerville Morgans ! Pineland ( ! Huntington ! Marquez Burke ( ! Rankin ( ! Lometa ( ! Lott ( ! Point Melvin Troy Big Lake ( ! ( ! Diboll ( ! Copperas ( ! ( ! Zavalla ( ! Resort ! ( Leona ( ! ( ! McCamey Brady Lovelady Browndell Cove ( ! ( ! ( ! Temple ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Killeen Rosebud Lampasas Kempner ( ! Groveton Belton ( ! ( (( ! !! ( ! Normangee Franklin Midway ( ! ( ! ( ! Corrigan Little River-Academy Harker Nolanville ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Madisonville Salado ! ( Heights Rogers Chester Colmesneil Jasper Menard Iraan ( ! ( ! Seven ( Holland ! Buckholts Cameron ( ! ( ! Hearne ( ! ( ! ( ! Eldorado Oaks Newton Riverside ( ! ( ! ( ! Onalaska ( ! ( ! Wixon ( ! ( ! ( ! Point ! ( ! Jarrell Kurten ( Iola Bedias Florence Valley ! ( ! Burnet ( ! Mason Blank ( ! ( ! ( !( Bartlett Liberty ( ! Livingston ( ! Milano Huntsville ( ! ( ! ( ! Ivanhoe Weir Llano ( ! ( ! Highland Bertram Hill ( ! Rockdale College Sunrise ( ! ( ( ! ! Georgetown ( ! ( ! New Coldspring Beach Haven Marble Falls Leander Station Sonora ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! (( ! !! ( ( ! Waverly ( ( ! Thorndale Caldwell ( ! ( Round Hutto Horseshoe Bay ! !! Meadowlakes Lago ! Rock (( ( ! Taylor ( ! Junction ( ! Anderson ( ! Cottonwood ( ! Vista ( ! ( ! Cedar Round Mountain Shores Willis Lexington ( ! Pflugerville Briarcliff! ! ( ( North Montgomery ! ( ! Navasota Park ( ( ! Kountze ( ! Point Venture ! Volente ( ! ( ! ( ( ! Conroe Cleveland Cleveland ( ! Manor ! Johnson ( ! ( ! Bee Cave ( Todd Panorama ( ! ( ! Lakeway ! ( ! and City Fredericksburg ( Mission Village Cut ( ! Lumberton !Rose Hill ( ! ( ! Austin Splendora ( ! ( ( ! Magnolia Shoot Dripping Dayton Rollingwood Acres Sour ( ! Giddings ( ! Shenandoah Roman Forest! ! Brenham Springs ! ( ( Hardin Carmine ( ! ( Lakes Stagecoach ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Lake ( ! Plum Mustang Orange ( ! ( Daisetta Bear Kenefick ! ( ! ( ! ( Burton ( ! Tomball ! Woodbranch Blanco Hempstead ( ! Buda Beaumont Bridge! Ingram Round ( ! ( ! Grove Ridge ( ( ! Creek Dayton Ames ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ! Kerrville ( ! City Pinehurst Top ! Devers Nome ( ! ( Rocksprings ( ( ( ! ! ! ( ! ( ! Smithville ( ! ( ! Mountain ( ! China Humble ( ! ( ! ( ! Pine ( ! Kyle ! Nederland ( ! Liberty ( Woodcreek Jersey ( ! Bellville City ( ! San Island ( ! Uhland Groves ! La Grange Fayetteville ( ! Mont ( Village Port Old River-Winfree Marcos ( ! ( ! Belvieu ! ( ! ( Arthur ( ! Martindale! Pattison Piney Point ( Cove ! ( ( ! Lockhart ( ! Boerne Jacinto Galena Beach ! ( ! Brookshire Sealy Staples ( ( ! Katy Village! ( Fair Oaks Ranch Park Deer ( ! ( ! ( ! City ! City Leakey ( ! Camp Bandera ( ! ( ( ! ( ! Anahuac ( ! ( Hedwig Spring ( ! Columbus Brazos Country ! ( ! ( ! Weimar Fulshear Park Morgan's Point ( ! ( ! ( ! Schulenburg Luling Wood ( ! ( ! ( ! Hollywood Village Valley South Houston ( ! ( ! ( ! Eagle Simonton ! ( ( ! ( ! Grey ( ! ( ! ( ( ! ! Shoreacres Flatonia ( ! Park Live Orchard Richmond Sugar Land Lake Pasadena Forest ! ( ! ( Helotes ! Oak Selma Marion Seguin Moulton ( ( ! ( Meadows Place ( ! ( ! ( ! ( ( ! ! ! Cibolo ( ! East ( ! Alamo Missouri ! ! Pearland ! Nassau Bay ! Taylor City ( ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( Webster !( Gonzales ( ! Leon Valley ( ! Rosenberg Bernard !Beasley ( ( !( ! Lake Heights ! ! ( ! ( Manvel ( ! ( ! ( ! ( (( ! ! !! ( ( ( ( Converse New Berlin ( ! ( ! Thompsons ! Friendswood Village Olmos Park ! ! Hallettsville ( ! ( ! ( Shiner ( ! Kendleton ! ( ( ! ( San Terrell ( ! ( ! Needville ( ! Del Rio Iowa Colony Alvin ! La Marque ! Texas City ( ( ! Hondo La Vernia ( ! ( Castroville Antonio Hills ! China ( ( ! ( ! ( ! Sandy Liverpool Santa Fe Brackettville Wharton ( ! ( ! ( ! Grove Tiki Island Yoakum ( ! ( ! Smiley ( ! Holiday Point ( ! Elmendorf Bayou ! ( ( ! Galveston Stockdale Lytle ( ! Danbury Uvalde ( ! Vista ! El Campo ( ( ! West Lakes ( ! ( ! Spofford ( ! ( ! Angleton ( ! Devine Columbia ( ! ( ! The Edwards Aquifer is one of the most ( ! ( ! Cuero Poth Oyster ( ! prolific artesian aquifers in the world. Brazoria Ganado Poteet ( ! Clute ( ( ( ! ( ! ( ! Jones ! ! Creek Yorktown Bay City Edna Located on the eastern edge of Edwards Lake ! Pleasanton ( ( ! Creek ! Jackson Karnes ( ! ( ! ( Nordheim ( ! Jourdanton ( ( ! (! Surfside Beach Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas, it Pearsall City Runge ( ! Freeport ! ( ! Quintana ( ! La Ward ( ! ( ! discharges about 900,000 acre feet (1.1 Kenedy ( ! Christine ( ! km3) of water a year and directly serves Crystal ( ! Palacios Point City ( ! about two million people. The Edwards Goliad Port Comfort Dilley ( ! ( ! ( ( ! Lavaca !

( !

Anton

New Deal Shallowater ( ! Idalou Lorenzo ( !

( !

( !

Petersburg

( !

Crowell

( ! ( !
Jolly

( !

Holliday

( !

Henrietta

( !

Nocona

St. Jo

Cooper Lake

Lake Winnsboro

Lake Mineral Wells Squaw Creek Reservoir

Lake Tyler Lake East Cherokee

Lake Brownwood

Lake Waco

Toledo Bend Reservoir

Lake Lake Buchanan Buchanan

Edwards Aquifer

Granger Lake Grainger Lake

Walter E Long Lake

Lake Somerville

Lake Conroe

Canyon Lake

30,000000

Lake George

Aquifer is also home to several unique and endangered species.

( !

Cooling Water Reservoir

( !

Asherton

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Cotulla

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George West

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Beeville Woodsboro

Austwell

( !

Refugio

( !

( !

Seadrift

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Encinal

Orange Grove

Lake City

( !
Sinton

( ( ! ! Mathis ( !

( !
Taft

Bayside

( !

( !
Laredo

San Diego

( !

Alice ! (

( ! San Agua Patricio Robstown Dulce ( !

Driscoll

Odem

( !

Aransas Ingleside Pass ( ! on the Bay Corpus ! ( ( ! Port Christi ( ! Aransas

( !

Rockport

( !

( !

( !
Premont

Bishop Petronila

( !

( !

( !

El Cenizo

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Falfurrias

Poza Azul

1 centimeter = 23 meters
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120

160 Kilometers

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30

60

90

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San Perlita Rio Raymondville ( ! ( ! Grande Lyford Roma City (( !! ( ! ( ! Escobares Sullivan Edinburg La Alton Rio ( ! EdcouchSanta Villa La Grulla City ((( !!! Rosa Palm ( ! ( Palmview McAllen ( ! ( !La Joya ! Elsa ( ! CombesValley Hondo ( ( ! ! ( ! ( ! Palmhurst Alamo Mission ! ! ( ( (( ( ( ! ! Granjeno ! ! ! Indian Juan Mercedes San ( ! San( ( ! Benito ! ( ! ( Rancho Lake! ( Hidalgo ! Pharr Donna ( ! South Padre Island ( ! ( Bayview (( Rangerville Viejo !! ( ! ( ! ( !Los Brownsville Port Isabel Progreso ( Fresnos! Lakes

Bahia Grande

Laguna Larga

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