PHYSICS - SUGGESTED ANSWERS Paper 2 1.a) i) ammeter ii) voltage b) i) the same as 2.

a) the number of complete oscillation in 1s b) i) 2.5cm ii) 50 cms-1 c) remains 3. a) i) Archimedes' Principle b) i) decreases ii) the density of the oil is lower that the water c) i) 0.03 N ii) 3 x l0 -6m3 4. a) i) critical angle ii) 1.49 b) i) ii) alpha decay iii) the radioisotope is unstable c) i) GMTube ii) Y is higher than X iii) Beta particles 7. a) i)

ii) total internal reflection is occurred c) i)

ii) increases 5. a) NOT gate b) i) off, on c) AND gate d)

ii) on

6. a) i) 4 b) i)

ii) 2

ii) same b) i) ultrasonic wave / sonar ii) high frequency and energy iii) when the ultrasonic wave is emitted to the fish, reflection of wave is occurred and the distance of the fish can be calculated iv) 1440 m 8. a) A temporary magnet is created due to a current flow through a conductor b) i) thick, the reduce the effective resistance ii) soft iron, easier to magnetise and demagnetize iii) large, to increase the electromagnetic strength c) M d) i) Parallel ii) as a current divider iii) 0.025 9. a) i)Heat capacity is defined as the heat energy require to increase 1C of a material ii) - the temperature drop of the boiling water in beaker Y is more than X - the quantity of heat release by boiling water in beaker Y is more than X - the quantity of heat absorbed by the ice cubes in beaker Y is more than the tap water in beaker X - when the water is in state of liquid, the heat capacity is higher
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- when the water is in state of solid, the heat capacity is lower b) - gel is in solid state - solid has a lower specific heat capacity - Low specific heat capacity material is able to absorb heat faster - when the heat is absorbed by the gel, the person is loosing heat, as a result the temperature drops c) Suggestion Explanation In unit of Kelvin SI unit Liquid in use is Has higher boiling mercury point Smaller size of Increase the bulb sensitivity Thicker capillary To avoid the heat wall transfer from the surrounding Smaller size The increase the rate capillary tube of expansion and contraction of the mercury 10. a) Constructive interference occur when there is a combination of two equal phase waves which are propagate in difference direction b) i) Distance between the two coherent sources for diagram 10.1 is closer than 10.2. ii) The vertical distance between point P and the respective coherent sources for the diagram 10.1 and 10.2 are the same. iii) Wavelength of the propagating water wave for the diagram 10.1 and 10.2 is the same iv) Distance between two consecutive antinodes for diagram 10.1 is closer than 10.2 c) When the distance between the two coherent sources increase, then the distance between two consecutive antinodes decrease.
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d) - during the day, the temperature is higher on the ground - the density of air is higher for the area which is away from the ground - sound wave is moving from high density are to a lower density area - According to Snells Law, the wave is moving away from the normal, as a result, the son can't hear his mother clearly e) Suggestion Explanation Bigger size of To increase the buoyant boat force Water proof To avoid water leakage material High rigidity To avoid shape material charging of the boat Ultrasonic Higher frequency and wave energy High specific To avoid heat transfer heat capacity from the surrounding cooling box is used 11.a) i) The force involved during the impact is impulsive force ii) - the plastisine has a gravitational potential energy when the plastisine is released, the gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy - the kinetic energy is used to change the shape of the plastisine during the collision iii) To avoid the plastisine ball from charging its shape when dropped from the same height, the metal block has to replace with a soft surface b) Suggestion Explanation High mass To increase the pile driver impulsive force Higher height To increase the of the pile gravitational potential driver energy

Steel pile High rigidity Sharp To increase the pressure Q is the best pilling system because it has the high mass of pile driver, higher height, steel pile and sharp base of the pile c) i) 500 N ii) 20 ms 1 iii)- 2000 N 12. a) i) 240V of potential difference is needed to generate 100W of output power ii) - Material Q has a constant resistance by increasing of current - Material P has a increasing in resistance when the current flow is increases - Material Q is the best material for the bulb - Material Q is an Ohmic conductor b) Suggestion Explanation Low density To decrease the weight of the cable High voltage To overcome high resistance of the cable due to length High melting To withstand high point temperature Low resistance To increase the current flow Cable A is the best cable because it has low density, high voltage across cable, high melting point and low resistance c) i) 3 A ii) 120J PAPER 3 1. a) i) angle of incidence ii) angle of refraction . iii) type of glass block b) i r sin i 20 13 0.3420 30 19 0.5000 40 25 0.6428

50 60

31 35

0.7660 0.8660

0.5150 0.5736

sin r 0.2250 0.3256 0.4226

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d) Sin r is linearly proportional to sin I e) the incident ray has to put at the plane with the glass block 2. a) 1 x 105 Pa b) i) k = 85714.29 ii) p= 10285.71 kgm 3 c) 1.043 x 10 5 Pa d) i) increase ii) gradient increases iii) no leakage at the water container or tank 3.a) The extension of the spring is depending on the force exerted on it b) When the force exerted increases then the extension of the spring increases c) i) To investigate the relationship between the extension of the spring and the force exerted ii) Manipulated variable: Force Responding variable : Extension Constant variable : type of spring / original length of spring iii) spring, slotted weights, retort stand, metre ruler iv) * diagram v) 1. Arrange the apparatus as shown in the diagram 2. Place a slotted weight, 10N at the end of the spring 3. Measure the extension of the spring by metre rule and record 4. Repeat the experiment with 20N, 30N, 40N and 50N of slotted weight vi) Weight /N Extension / m 10 20 30 40 50

Hypothesis is accepted. 4. a) The brightness of the bulb is depending on the crossed sectional area of the wire b) When the crossed sectional area of the wire increases then the brightness of the bulb increases c) i) To investigate the relationship between the diameter of the wire and the current flow ii) Manipulated variable : diameter of the wire Responding variable : ammeter reading Constant variable : voltage iii) wire of different diameters, ammeter, voltmeter, battery and switch iv) diagram v) 1. Arrange the apparatus as shown in the diagram 2. Place a wire with the diameter of 1.0mm in the circuit 3. Turn On the switch, the ammeter reading is recorded 4. Repeat the experiment with wire diameters of 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm and 3mm vi) Diameter / mm Ammeter / A 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 vii)

Bonus: Paper 2 1. a)(i) ammeter (ii) zero error (iii) actual value = reading - zero error b) 0.05 A 2. a)(i) mercury barometer (ii) high density b) P = hpg = 0.76 x 13600 x 10 = 103360 Nm-2 c) R 3. a)(i) force act per unit area (ii) depth (iii) hpg = 15 x 1000 x10 = 150000 Pa b) lower c) higher 4. a)(i) adding of impurities (ii) trivalent (iii) hole b) (i)
20 6 4V 20 10

(ii) Off (iii) Because the potential difference across XY is 2V 5.a) same b) (i)

Hypothesis is accepted.

(ii) same c) Newton's third law of motion d)(i) increase (ii) upward resultant force e) changing direction of movement 6. a) Dumber of complete oscillation in 1s b) Gong is lower c) (i) equal
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(ii) Gong has a longer wavelength d) (i) sound wave diffraction (ii) Diffraction effect increases when the wavelength increases e) 3080000 Hz 7. a)

d) Suggestion High specific heat capacity wall Vacuum wall Shinny surface Bright colour With cover Explanation To avoid heat from the surrounding To reduce heat conduction To reflect heat from the surrounding To reduce heat absorption Avoid heat convection

b) 41.81 c) Total internal reflection occurs and light is reflected at P 8. a) (i) time for a radioisotope to decay half from it's original condition b) (i) beta particles, low ionising power (ii) alpha particles, high ionising power (iii) alpha particles has high ionising power c) (i) due to the ionising power, the current is flowing through the plates. When smoke flow between the plates, the current is changed, it trigger the alarm (ii) the remaining mass of the particle. 9. a) Temperature is a measurement of degree of hotness b) - figure 12, solid state - figure 13, liquid and solid states - temperature is constant - there are no changes in temperature during the change in state of matter - specific latent heat of fusion c) - alcohol has a low evaporation point - heat energy is needed to change from liquid to gas state - heat is absorbed from the hand - when the hand is losing heat, it felt cool.

10. a) (i) wave pattern during propagation (ii) - figure 2.1, water wave is propagate from deep water area to shallow water area - the water wave is moving closer to the normal - figure 2.2, light wave is propagate from air to water - the light wave is moving closer to the normal - light wave refraction b) - at night, the temperature of air closer to the land is lower than the higher area - cold air has higher density compare with hot air - sound wave is propagate from high density area to low - sound wave refraction occurs, sound wave is refracted away from normal c) Suggestion Explanation Bay Water is shallower Sloping To reduce the retaining wall velocity of waves Smaller Increase opening at bay diffraction Uneven Reduce wave surface wall energy High retaining To withstand
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wall

pressure of the water

11.a (i) a constant value of measurement of elasticity (ii) - type of material - diameter of the spring

(iii)

Elongation of spring is directly proportionate to the applied force. (iv) 0.75 m b (i) - low spring constant - longer period of oscillation (ii) - spring design Y - parallel spring design, higher load - higher period of oscillation - lower frequency - Spring design X, series arrangement - not able to withstand higher toad - Spring design Z, parallel arrangement - very short period of oscillation (iii) Spring design X cant support bigger mass of baby. Spring design Y needs heavier mass of baby to cradle. 12. a (i) an ability of a material to resist the flow of charges b (i) 80 60 48 (ii) Shape B, to increase the total surface area (iii) Nichrome, high resistance c (i) 4 (ii) 1 A Bonus: Paper 3 1. a (i) length of constantan wire (ii) voltmeter reading
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(iii) ammeter reading b) 1 / cm V 1/V V2/V (V 1+V2) / R / 2 10.0 0.8 1.0 0.90 1.80 20.0 1.8 1.7 1.75 3.50 30.0 2.7 2.5 2.60 5.20 40.0 3.5 3.6 3.55 7.10 50.0 4.6 4,5 4.55 9.10 d) linearly proportional 2. a) directly proportional b) (i) 0.00 IN 1 cm 1 (ii) 1000Ncm (iii) 50 cm 3 c) 83.3 cm 3 d) to ensure to leakage in the gas container 3.a) Time for the water to evaporate is depending on the surface area of the water container. b) When the surface area of the water container increases then the time for the water to evaporate. c) i) to investigate the relationship between the time for the water to evaporate and the surface area of the water ii) Manipulated variable: surface area of the water container Responding variable: Time for She water to evaporate Constant variable: power of the light bulb iii) difference size of container, light bulb, water and stop watch v) 1. Arrange the apparatus as shown in the diagram. 2. Place the water in the container with the diameter of 2.5cm 3. Turn on the light bulb and allow the water to evaporate for 2 mm of depth 4. Start the stop watch, stop the stop watch once the water evaporate for another 2mm 5. Repeat the experiment with the diameter of the container of 5.0cm, 7.5cm, 10.0cm and 12.5cm

vi) Diameter / mm 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 vii)

vi) Time / s
Height /cm Ammeter reading / A

1.0 15 20 25 30 vii)

Hypothesis is accepted. 4. a) Ammeter reading is depending on rate of change of magnetic flux b) When the rate of change of magnetic flux increases then the ammeter reading c) i) To investigate the relationship between rate of change of magnetic flux and the ammeter reading. ii) Manipulated variable: Height of the magnet Responding variable: ammeter reading Constant variable: strength of the magnet iii) permanent magnet, wire coil, metre ruler, ammeter v) 1. Arrange the apparatus as shown in the diagram 2. Place the permanent magnet at the height of 10 cm 3. Release the magnet into the coil record the reading from the ammeter 4. Repeat the experiment with the height of 15cm, 20cm, 25cm and 30cm

Hypothesis is accepted.

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