MAIN SKILLS REQUIRED IN TOEFL 1. UNDERSTANDING MEANING FROM CONTEXT CLUES: a. Definitions. e.g.

: The Atom is the smallest part of chemical element that can exist and still have the properties of the element. -appositives. e.g.: Many residents of Hawaii used to believe that a volcanos flaring were tirades o their goddess, Pele. Apppositive is a noun that comes before or after another noun and has the same meaning. Sally, the best student in the class, got an A on the exam.

b. Exemplifications. He came to believe the positive reinforcement such as praise. c. Contrast. e.g.: The bite of garter snake, unlike that of the deadly Cobra, is benign.

d. Synonyms e.g.:The knife was probably held in the right hand, generally the preferred hand for manipulating utensils. The word Utensils is closest in meaning to Cutlerly.

2.SCANNING AND FINDING MAIN IDEA SKILL. Reading Section

Skill 1. Answer Main Idea Questions

Almost every reading passage on the TOEFL test will have a multiple-choice question about the main idea of a passage. You may, for example, be asked to identify the topic, subject, title, primary idea or main idea 2. It is relatively easy to answer these questions since TOEFL passages are generally written in a traditionally organized manner. If a passage consist of only one paragraph, you should study the beginning of that paragraph to determine the main idea. If a passage consist of more than one paragraph, you should study the beginning of each paragraph to determine 1main idea, topic, title or subject 2You may find the questions like: What is the topic of the passage? What is the subject of the passage? What is the main idea of the passage? What is the author's main point in the passage? With what is the author primarily concerned? Which of the following would be the best title?

Questions About The Ideas Of The Passages the main idea. Here are the steps on how to answer the question 1. Read the first line of each paragraph. 2. Look for a common theme or idea in the first lines. 3. Pass your eyes quickly over the rest of the passage to check that you have really found the topic sentence(s) 4. Eliminate any definitely wrong answers and choose the best answer from the remaining choices.

Listening Section Before Listening Skill 18. Anticipate The Topics Skill 19. Anticipate The Questions While Listening Skill 20. Determine The Topic 3.UNDERSTANDING ORGANIZATION OF IDEAS SKILL. Structure and written expressions Skill 6-12. Using Connectors correctly. When you have two clauses in an English sentence, you must connect the two clauses correctly. One way to connect is to use and, but, or, so or yet between the clauses. Tom is singing, and Paul is dancing Tom is tall, but Paul is Short

Using referents correctly. Skill 15-19. Inverted Subjects and Verbs. Skill 20-23. Subject and verb agreement. If the object of Preposition is singular then the object must be singular, as well as if it is plural one. e.g.: The keys to door is in the drawer (wrong) The keys to door are in the drawer (right)

4.UNDERSTANDING INFERENCES. Inference is defined as what is implied from speakers meaning. It can be its conformity by using synonyms or its contrary statement by using negative expression. You may say it also as Non-Stated Statement. Here is an example: Listening Skill 2. Choose Answers With Synonyms On the recording, you hear: (Woman) Why is Barbara feeling so happy?

(Man) She just started working in a real estate agency. (Narrator) What does the man say about Barbara? Answer: She began a new job.

Negatives Skill 7. Listen For Negatives Expressions

On the recording, you hear: (Man) How did they get to their office only in 10 minutes. (Woman) They didnt drive slowly on busway. (Narrator) What does the woman say about the driving? Answer: They drove rather quickly.

Skill 8. Listen For Double Negative Expressions Skill 9. Listen For Almost Negative Expressions Skill 11. Listen For Expressions Of Agreement Skill 12. Listen For Expressions Of Uncertainty And Suggestion Skill 13. Listen For Emphatic Expresions Of Surprise Contrary Meanings Skill 14. Listen For Wishes Skill 15. Listen For Untrue Conditions