Name

Date

Class

im

CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULAS

Chapter Test A

A. Matching
Matclt each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A.Write the
letter of the correct desciption in the blank.

ft
6
G 4/
(-

Column

A
b.

Column B
a. any atom or group of atoms with
a negative charge

I. cation
2,

anion

lVhen two elements combine to form more than one compound, the different masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers. tightty bound group of atoms that behaves as
carries a charge
a

&
_D_

3. 4.

definite proportions
law of

c.

unit and

acid

d.

a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved

in water

5. base 6. lawofmuttiple

e. a compound composed of two different

elements

proportions ion

f. anyatomorgroupofatomswithapositivecharge
g. In all samples
by
of the same chemical compound, are always combined in the same elements

7. polyatomic

L
B.

-L

the proportion dissolved charge

5 3
F
g

mass.

B. monatomic

ion

h.

b t
= g
E = 6

a compound that produces hydrogen ions when

in

water

g.

Lrinary

compound i.

consists of a single atom with a positive or negative

Multiple Choice
>

Choose the best arcswer and write its letter on the line.

l-

r0.

The correct name for the N3- ion is the:

a. nitrate ion. b. nitric ion.

c. nitride ion d. nitrite ion.

o
o a

224

Core Teoching Resources

Name *

LJ

Date

Class

k
h
A
s 0

11, Elements of Group 4A: a. generaliy form positive ions. b. generally form negative ions. c. do not commonly form ions. d. do not combine with other elements. 12. What is the ionic charge on the chromium ion in the ionic compound that has the formula CrrOr? c. 5a. 3+ b. 2d, 5+ 13. \tVhich element when combined with chlorine would most likely form an ionic compound? c. phosphorus a. lithium d. bromine b. carbon 14. \\trat is the formula for calcium hydrogen phosphate?

t_

a. b.

CaHPOn CarHPOn

c. d.

Ca(HrPOiz Ca(HPOJ,

15. A cation is any atom or group of atoms a. a positive charge"

with:

b. c. d.

no charge.
a negative charge.

more electrons than the corresponding atoms,

16. The cation Fe3+ is formed when:

L.

a. an atom of ircn loses two electrons. b. an atom of zinc loses two electrons. c. an atom of iron loses three electrons. d. an atom ofiron gains three electrons.
17. A molecular formula:

b. c.
d.

a-

gives information about molecular geometry. can be written for ionic compounds,

shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule of a

.F

compound.
uses superscripts to show the number of atoms of each kind.

o
L

2 18. The'metals in Groups 1A', 2A, and 3A:

a. gain electrons when they form ions. b. form ions with a charge found by subtracting 8 from the

c. d.

group number. all form ions with a 1* charge. lose electrons when they form ions.

19. \Nhen naming an

ion of a transition metal that has more than one common ionic charge, the numericalvalue of the charge is indicated

/in

by a:

a. prefix. b. suffix. c. Roman numeral following the name. d. superscript after the name.
229

Chapter 9 ChemicalNomes ond Formulas

Name

Date

Class

C-

20. in naming a binary molecular compound, the number of atoms of

each element present in the molecule is indicated by: a Roman numerals. c. prefixes. b. superscripts. d. suffixes.

2L. An -ite ot -ate ending on the name of a compound indicates that the compound: a is a binary ionic compound. b. is a binary molecular compound. c. contains a polyatomic anion. d, contains a polyatomic cation.

tt

lVhat is the formula for sulfuric acid?

a. b.
C.

H2S2

c. H2SO3

H2s04

d. HrS

Completion

FiII in the word(s) that will make each staternent true.

23. The ionic charge of lead, Pb, in the compound pbS, is .. -23 24, The typical ionic charge of an ion formed by an element in
Group

,r. +/+
24.

TAis

24

-l

25, Atoms that have a positive or negative charge are 26, fhe name of a monatomic anion ends in
26

called ?F

-.

2,5.

26,
27.

*\drI

iovtS

27. The ionic charge of chlorine, Cl, in the compound MgCl, is 27

\-/

28. In a polyatomic ion, the -ite ending indicates one fewer atom than the -ate ending.
9s

zB ze.@5
zo.
30.

a
G

Binarymoiecular compounds are composed of mro 29

elements.
are compounds that

Yt

0 tA - vl,,ru.*Z'[r

30. Acids

produce 30 . ions when dissolved

in water.

||r

D. Problems
Write the answers in the space prouided.

= >

31. Write the formulas for these compounds.

a.

magnesium cyanide
=

b. mercury(Il) bromide

c.

sulfur hexafluoride

23O

Core Teaching Resources

Name

Date

Class

COVALENT BONDING

Chapter Test A
A. Matching
Match each description tn Column B with the correct term in Column A.Write tke letter ofthe correct description on the line.

t,
tr
T2

Column A
coordinate covalent bond

Column

shows the kinds and numbers present

P { indfu"s
a

molecule of a compound

2.

nonpolar covalent bond

b(.

J- ,.

chemical formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in molecules and polyatomic ions
a covalent bond between tvvo atoms of different

hydrogen bond

electronegativities in which the bonding electrons are not shared equally

4. double covalent bond
5. dispersion force

I '/
f.

irlt"ru"tion caused by the motion of electrons

a covalent bond formed by the equal sharing of bonding electrons by two atoms
,.

A
l-I t
t

6.

molecular formula

involving two pairs of electrons; each atom donates one pair of electrons to the
a covalent bond

6)
o

bond

q =

7.

structural formula

a covalent bond in rnrhich three pairs of electrons

4 e

o o\

are shared by two bonded atoms

B. polar bond

h. substance in which all of the atorns are covalently bonded to each other bond
a covalent bond between two atoms in which the

9. triple covalent

sli'ared electron pair comes from only one of the

ii

o =

atoms

=
>
=, a

10. network solid

i. force that occurs when a hydrogen atom that is covalently bonded to a very electronegative atorn is also weakly bonded to an unshared pair of electrons in the same or a nearby molecule

= a

196

Core Teaching Resources

Name

Date

Ciass

B.

Multiple Choice
ll.
\Mhich of these elements does nat exist as a diatomic molecule?

Choose the best answer and write its letter ait the line.

L/

b.F
a. SCl, b. Kcl a.
1

a. I

d.

c.H

He

12. Which one of the following compounds is nor covalent?

D@

c. HCI d. s2cl2

13. How many valence eiectrons does an atom of any halogen have?

c.4

u$

g*J..^'-'-E
Yu*
tl

b.
Brr.

t b'^'
d_E

d. oz'
NrO,
I

t3

fuo')

15. A moiecule of nitrous oxide,

D,..
E o o
I

followiirg except a. acoordinate covalentbond. b. a triple bond.

N --+

ij

.orrtuirrs all of the

c, d.

a double bond. nonbonding pairs of electrons.

t'vvo

t7.

atoms, , Lo A - fltd, "w'( covalent. - lt d - r' u" covalent. covalent. Ld ,", -,,\ "l-( JU/" \Alhatistheelectrondotstructureforwater? 6u L / ;.;:idl:;i
If a bonding pair of electrons is unequaliy shared between rhe bond a. c. coordinate b. nonpolar d. polar

is ionic.

". u:H: H

p9

n6, /)t

< o
o L o
L

b.
18.

H:H:O:

d. H:O:

'H

tr"j,

\{hich of the following compounds is not

a, b.
19.

Nar

CaCl,
when atoms share

ionic? c. co, d. NarO

n .1
v

W
-

Cg, Oo' ,- *uf

' '*^u fu! -t )-lY*i

',,

= +
o

t.'ilf,:"fii:i:ffHff".omesanobregas.
b. c. d.

electrons. berween metals and nonmetals.

.#^ 0t:M v' /

b"

u
c o

when electrons ale transferred from one atom to another,

20. l.Vhatis the electron dot structure for the polyatomic ion OH-?

6)

a. I:o: Hlb. tH:o.tb. K"o -h

c' tH::old. t'o:H;d.

H2o2

2f.

Which of these compounds would nothave covalent bonds? c. NrOu a, NO,

'o*'c-

Chapter

Cavalent

Bonding 197

N ame

'9 V

zz.

A*orr",,)Ral;;;;; *ot",', bond is

arA/^ a. COr. b. Fz,

purturca

l-Jate D

law
c. d.
NO.

Class

Nr,

23. Chlorine

is a gas, bromine is a liquid, and iodine is a solid because of differences in the strength of their

a. hydrogenbonds. b. dispersion forces.

c. dipole interactions.

d. polar bonds.

24. lVhen H+ forms a bond with HZO to form hydronium ion, H*O+, this bond is called a coordinate covalent bond because a" both bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom. b. it is an especially strong bond. c. the electrons are equally shared. d. the oxygen no longer has eight electrons surrounding it.
25..

l\rhich of the following molecules has one lone pair of electrons? a. CHn c. HrO

b.

HCI

d.

NH3

-L -L
C.

26. Which of the following is the weakest? a. hydrogen bond c. dipole interaction polar covalent bond b. d.

,-, The carbon tetrachloride molecule is a. four-cornered..

c.

b.

square.

d.

? t

;# r-

*J9*'

Questions

Answer the following questions in the space prauided.

A \l o tt I

28. Draw structural formulas for the following substances.

Br2

; 6; *
l.?'

B'r!

a G o

=. o

b.Nz
c.
29.

"N=U:
e

CO ", C7O:

=' a a
rc o

State whether the following compounds contain polar covalent bonds, nonpolar covalent bonds, or ionic bonds. (You may refer to the table of electronegativities on the top of the next page.)

=
o F

E
-='

a. KF

b.

a so2

c. NO,

d.

HBr

cdsJ,& Wpv-<, (i

t98

Care Teaching Resources

Name

Date
Reference Section

Class

Electronegativities
1A 0

H__l
Li I.0
Na

z:l
0.9 0.8

z^
Be
1.5

3A
B

4h
C

5A
N
3.0
P

6A
o
3.5
S

zA lF

l- H"-

2.0

2.5
Si
1.8

4.4 CI 3.0

T
Ar
Kr

Mg

AI
1.5

t.2
Ca
1.0

2.1

2.5
Se

Ga
1.6

Ge 1.8

As 2.0

Br
2,4 2.8

The following covalent molecules have only single covalent bonds. Draw an

electron dot structure for each one,

a. HBr

*-k1 rl
H u _-b':_ tt ,,9,

c.

PClu

r9

b' H2oz

i9:,

r
.

(, ti

Qs

\.,

D. Essay

eo

e @
@

J e

.g <

E E 4 q h o L o

E.

Additional Questions and Problems

ethyl alcohol, CzHsOH. (Assume lhat the total energy is the sum of the individual bond dissociation energies.) The structural formula of ethyl alcohoi is

Answer the follawing in the space prouided. Show your work.

32. Calculate the total energy needed to dissociate all the bonds in one mole of

-1
o

Hr-C- C*H

11 4l

HH H O_H

=
o l! e o @

Bond

H*H C*H

Energy (kJ/mol)
435 393 356 464 347

c-o
C_C

C r)x5 *[c-d

(o'{)
Bonding 199

o*H

Chapter 8 Covalent

Name

Date

Class

33. With the aid of a diagram, describe how the overlap of one 2p orbitalfrom each
of two atoms forms a sigma bond, but the overlap of the remaining two 2p orbitals from each atom forms pi bonds.

$- e-Wft o --

cnf*[q
orr

'tv

ST&n

-b7 -

s,{u

"r lap

itl 4w+ pt
lndicate the hybrid orbitals used by each carbon atom in the compound. The carbons are numbered for easy reference.

d{q cp}jr&
eo rfl"

l|l.,

"-$r'^

1 .2 H-C:C
<p
5p3

ls ,l)

-C qe -

8)r\

4 ls c-c-H

/ 5pb

t(7
t
F

35. Draw elecfton dot structures for PClu and SFu. (.Iy'lnr;
exceptions to the octet

rule.)

These compounds are

ri :

'e-Ptl'r 'r 'r, lf!:. t' ,t l'{ s**'lvts rq'b t;lu f/,t's " glr^"
iq
',1

i -,

. | .t;,. rb{t'{

iF,'

rc o a o
d

= n
e

=' o
T

"

ilto't ,[i ' ds\r\ '? i'l' f['

ti^'-l
eY,
l./

'l' W
,,.,,

a e

c
@

:ti'Yti* i" tno !9r,, ,b4

= l> ; 6
@ @

2OO

Core TeochinE Resources