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1.2. Note that by the subject, we mean not just a single word, but the subject noun or pronoun plus adjectives or descriptive phrases that go with it. The rest of the sentence i.e. the part that is not the subject - is called the predicate. Example: People who live in glasshouses shouldn't throw stones.
1.3. If a sentence has any other parts to it - indirect objects,adverbs or adverb phrases - these usually come in specific places:
medicine
to
the
child.
1.4 In standard English, nothing usually comes between the subject and the verb, or between the verb and the object. There are a few exceptions. The most important of these are adverbs of frequency and indirect objects without to. Example: The man often I sometimes give my dog a bone.
wrote
his
mother
letter.
If you always apply these few simple rules, you will not make too many word order problems in English. The examples above are deliberately simple - but the rules can be applied even to complex sentences, with subordinate and coordinated clauses. Example: The director, [who often told his staff (to work harder),] never left the office before [he had checked his e-mail.] 2 Exceptions Of course, there are exceptions to many rules, and writers and speakers sometimes use different or unusual word order for special effects. But if we concentrate on the exceptions, we may forget the main principles, and the question of word order may start to seem very complex! So here are just a few examples: you should realise that they exist, but not try to use them unless either they are essential in the context, or else you have fully mastered normal word order patterns. (Don't try to run before you can walk!)
A few examples:
Never before had I seen such a magnificent exhibition.
(After never or never before, subject and verb can be - and usually are inverted. Do not invert when never follows the subject !).
Hardly had I left the house, than it started to rain.
(When a sentence starts with hardly, subject and verb must be inverted.). Had I known, I'd never have gone there. (Inversion occurs in unfulfilled hypothetical conditional structures when if is omitted.. See the page on conditional clauses for more details) The book that you gave me I'd read already. (The long object, The book that you gave me, is placed at the start of the sentence for reasons of style: this unusual sentence structure is not necessary, just stylistic).
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Word order in relative clauses Word order with phrasal or prepositional verbs Determining the order of adjectives