Cap 08

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System
Chapter 8, Solution 1.
FBD Block B: Tension in cord is equal to W A = 25 lb from FBDs of block A and pulley. Fy = 0: N WB cos 30 = 0,
N = WB cos 30
(a) For smallest WB , slip impends up the incline, and
F = s N = 0.35WB cos30 Fx = 0: F 25 lb + WB sin 30 = 0
( 0.35cos30 + sin 30 )WB = 25 lb

WB min = 31.1 lb (b) For largest WB , slip impends down the incline, and F = s N = 0.35 WB cos30 Fx = 0: Fs + WB sin 30 25 lb = 0
( sin 30 0.35cos30 )WB = 25 lb

W B max = 127.0 lb
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, 8/e, Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell Johnston, Jr., Elliot R. Eisenberg, William E. Clausen, David Mazurek, Phillip J. Cornwell 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies.
FBD Block B:
Tension in cord is equal to WA = 40 lb from FBDs of block A and pulley. (a)

Fy = 0: N ( 52 lb ) cos 25 = 0,
N = 47.128 lb
Fmax = s N = 0.35 ( 47.128 lb ) = 16.495 lb Fx = 0: Feq 40 lb + ( 52 lb ) sin 25 = 0
So, for equilibrium, Feq = 18.024 lb Since Feq > Fmax , the block must slip (up since F > 0)
There is no equilibrium
(b) With slip, F = k N = 0.25 ( 47.128 lb )
F = 11.78 lb
35
FBD Block:
Tension in cord is equal to P = 40 N, from FBD of pulley.
W = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N
F y = 0 : N (98.1 N ) cos 20 + (40 N ) sin 20 = 0
N = 78.503 N Fmax = s N = ( 0.30 )( 78.503 N ) = 23.551 N

For equilibrium: Fx = 0:
( 40 N ) cos 20 ( 98.1 N ) sin 20 F = 0

Equilibrium exists F = 4.04 N 20
Feq = 4.0355 N < Fmax , F = Feq
Tension in cord is equal to P = 62.5 N, from FBD of pulley. W = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N Fy = 0:
N ( 98.1 N ) cos 20 + ( 62.5 N ) sin15 = 0 N = 76.008 N
Fmax = s N = ( 0.30 )( 76.008 N ) = 22.802 N

For equilibrium: Fx = 0:
( 62.5 N ) cos15 ( 98.1 N ) sin 20 F = 0

so no equilibrium, and block slides up the incline
Feq = 26.818 N > Fmax
Fslip = x N = ( 0.25 )( 76.008 N ) = 19.00 N

F = 19.00 N 20
Tension in cord is equal to P from FBD of pulley. W = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N
Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
N ( 98.1 N ) cos 20 + P sin 25 = 0 P cos 25 ( 98.1 N ) sin 20 + F = 0
(1) (2)
For impending slip down the incline, F = s N = 0.3 N and solving (1) and (2), PD = 7.56 N
For impending slip up the incline, F = s N = 0.3 N and solving (1) and (2), so, for equilibrium P = 59.2 N U 7.56 N P 59.2 N
FBD Block: W = ( 20 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 196.2 N
For min motion will impend up the incline, so F is downward and F = s N Fy = 0: N ( 220 N ) sin (196.2 N ) cos 35 = 0 F = s N = 0.3 ( 220 sin + 196.2 cos 35 ) N Fx = 0: (1) (2)
( 220 N ) cos
F (196.2 N ) sin 35 = 0
(1) + ( 2 ):
0.3 ( 220 sin + 196.2cos ) N = ( 220 cos ) N (196.2sin 35 ) N
or
220cos 66sin = 160.751
Solving numerically:
= 28.9
Chapter 8, Solution 7. FBD Block:

For Pmin motion will impend down the incline, and the reaction force R will make the angle
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900

with the normal, as shown.
Note, for minimum P, P must be to R, i.e. = s (angle between P and x equals angle between R and normal). (b) then P = (160 N ) cos ( + 40 ) = (160 N ) cos 59.29 = 81.71 N (a) Pmin = 81.7 N
= 19.29
FBD block (impending motion downward)
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.25 ) = 14.036
(a) Note: For minimum P, So and
PR
= = 90 ( 30 + 14.036 ) = 45.964
P = ( 30 lb ) sin = ( 30 lb ) sin ( 45.964 ) = 21.567 lb P = 21.6 lb
(b)
= 46.0
FBD Block:
For impending motion. s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.40 )
s = 21.801
Note 1,2 = 1,2 s From force triangle:

10 lb 15 lb = sins sin1,2
1,2 = sin 1
15 lb 33.854 sin ( 21.801 ) = 10 lb 146.146
55.655 So 1,2 = 1,2 + s = 167.947 So (a) (b) equilibrium for equilibrium for 0 55.7 167.9 180

FBD A with pulley:
Tension in cord is T throughout from pulley FBDs
Fy = 0:
2T 20 lb = 0,
T = 10 lb
FBD E with pulley:

For max , motion impends to right, and
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900
From force triangle,

20 lb 10 lb = , sin ( s ) sin s 2sin s = sin ( s )
= sin 1 ( 2sin19.2900 ) + 19.2900 60.64

max = 60.6

FBD top block:
Fy = 0:
N1 196.2 N = 0
N1 = 196.2 N
(a) With cable in place, impending motion of bottom block requires impending slip between blocks, so F1 = s N1 = 0.4 (196.2 N )
F1 = 78.48 N
FBD bottom block:
Fy = 0:
N 2 196.2 N 294.3 N = 0
N 2 = 490.5 N
F2 = s N 2 = 0.4 ( 490.5 N ) = 196.2 N
Fx = 0: P + 78.48 N + 196.2 N = 0
P = 275 N
FBD block:
(b) Without cable AB, top and bottom blocks will move together Fy = 0:
N 490.5 N = 0,
N = 490.5 N
Impending slip: Fx = 0:
F = s N = 0.40 ( 490.5 N ) = 196.2 N

P + 196.2 N = 0
P = 196.2 N
FBD top block:
Note that, since s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.40 ) = 21.8 > 15, no motion will impend if P = 0, with or without cable AB. (a) With cable, impending motion of bottom block requires impending slip between blocks, so F1 = s N Fy = 0:
N1 W1 cos15 = 0,
N1 = W1 cos15 = 189.515 N
F1 = s N1 = ( 0.40 )W1 cos15 = 0.38637 W1
F1 = 75.806 N FBD bottom block:

Fx = 0:
T F1 W1 sin15 = 0 T = 75.806 N + 50.780 N = 126.586 N
W2 = ( 30 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 294.3 N Fy = 0 : N 2 (189.515 N ) cos (15 ) 294.3 N + ( 75.806 N ) sin15 = 0
N 2 = 457.74 N
F2 = s N 2 = ( 0.40 )( 457.74 N ) = 183.096 N Fx = 0: P + (189.515 N ) + ( 75.806 N ) cos15 + 126.586 N + 183.096 N = 0
FBD block:
P = 361 N
(b) Without cable, blocks remain together Fy = 0: N W1 W2 = 0 N = 196.2 N + 294.3 N = 490.5 N F = s N = ( 0.40 )( 490.5 N ) = 196.2 N Fx = 0: P + 196.2 N = 0
P = 196.2 N

FBD A:
Note that slip must impend at both surfaces simultaneously. Fy = 0: N1 + T sin 16 lb = 0 N1 = 16 lb T sin Impending slip: F1 = s N1 = ( 0.20 )(16 lb T sin ) (1) (2) N 2 = N1 + 24 lb = 30 lb T sin Impending slip: F2 = s N 2 = ( 0.20 )( 30 lb T sin ) = 6 lb 0.2 T sin Fx = 0: 10 lb F1 F2 = 0
10 lb = s ( N1 + N 2 ) = ( 0.2 ) N1 + ( N1 + 24 lb )
F1 = 3.2 lb ( 0.2 ) T sin Fx = 0: F1 T cos = 0 N 2 N1 24 lb = 0,
FBD B:
Fy = 0:
10 lb = 0.4 N1 + 4.8 lb, Then Then F1 = s N1 = ( 0.2 )(13 lb ) = 2.6 lb
N1 = 13 lb
(1): ( 2 ):
T sin = 3.0 lb T cos = 2.6 lb

3 , 2.6
Dividing tan =
= tan 1
3 = 49.1 2.6
= 49.1

FBDs: A:
Fy = 0:
Note: Slip must impend at both surfaces simultaneously.
N1 20 lb = 0,
N1 = 20 lb
Impending slip: Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
F1 = s N1 = ( 0.25 )( 20 lb ) = 5 lb
T + 5 lb = 0,
T = 5 lb
N 2 ( 20 lb + 40 lb ) cos ( 5 lb ) sin = 0 N 2 = ( 60 lb ) cos ( 5 lb ) sin
B:
F2 = s N 2 = ( 0.25 )( 60cos 5sin ) lb

F2 5 lb ( 5 lb ) cos + ( 20 lb + 40 lb ) sin = 0 20cos + 58.75sin 5 = 0
Solving numerically,
= 23.4

FBD:
For impending tip the floor reaction is at C.
W = ( 40 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 392.4 N

For impending slip = s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 )
= 19.2900
tan = 0.8 m , EG EG = 0.4 m = 1.14286 m 0.35
EF = EG 0.5 m = 0.64286 m (a)
s = tan 1
EF 0.64286 m = tan 1 = 58.109 0.4 m 0.4 m
s = 58.1
(b) P W = sin19.29 sin128.820 P = ( 392.4 N )( 0.424 ) = 166.379 N P = 166.4 N Once slipping begins, will reduce to k = tan 1 k . Then max will increase.

First assume slip impends without tipping, so F = s N FBD
Fy = 0:
N + P sin 40 W = 0,
N = W P sin 40
F = s N = 0.35 (W P sin 40 ) Fx = 0:
F P cos 40 = 0
0.35W = P ( cos 40 + 0.35sin 40 )

Ps = 0.35317 W
Next assume tip impends without slipping, R acts at C. (1)
M A = 0:
( 0.8 m ) P sin 40 + ( 0.5 m ) P cos 40 ( 0.4 m )W
=0
Pt = 0.4458W > Ps from (1)
Pmax = Ps = 0.35317 ( 40 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 138.584 N
)
(a)
Pmax = 138.6 N
(b) Slip is impending
Chapter 8, Solution 17. FBD Cylinder:

For maximum M, motion impends at both A and B FA = A N A; Fx = 0: N A FB = 0 FB = B N B N A = FB = B N B
FA = A N A = A B N B
Fy = 0: or and
N B + FA W = 0 NB = 1 1 + A B W
N B (1 + A B ) = W
FB = B N B =
B W 1 + A B A B W 1 + A B
M = Wr B 1 + A 1 + A B
FA = A B N B =
M C = 0: M r ( FA + FB ) = 0 (a) For
A = 0
and
B = 0.36
M = 0.360Wr
(b) For
A = 0.30
and
B = 0.36
M = 0.422Wr

FBDs: (a) FBD Drum:
M D = 0:
10 ft F 50 lb ft = 0 12
F = 60 lb
Impending slip: N = FBD arm:
60 lb = 150 lb 0.40
M A = 0:
( 6 in.) C + ( 6 in.) F (18 in.) N
=0
C = 60 lb + 3 (150 lb ) = 390 lb
Ccw = 390 lb
(b) Reversing the 50 lb ft couple reverses the direction of F, but the magnitudes of F and N are not changed. Then, using the FBD arm:
M A = 0:
( 6 in.) C ( 6 in.) F (18 in.) N
=0
C = 60 lb + 3 (150 lb ) = 510 lb
Cccw = 510 lb

FBDs: For slipping, F = k N = 0.30 N (a) For cw rotation of drum, the friction force F is as shown. From FBD arm:
M A = 0:
( 6 in.)( 600 lb ) + ( 6 in.) F (18 in.) N

600 lb + F 3 F =0 0.30
=0
F =
600 lb 9
Moment about D = (10 in.) F = 666.67 lb in.
M cw = 55.6 lb ft
(b) For ccw rotation of drum, the friction force F is reversed
M A = 0:
( 6 in.)( 600 lb ) ( 6 in.) F (18 in.) N

600 lb F 3 F =0 0.30
=0
F =
600 lb 11
10 600 Moment about D = ft lb = 45.45 lb ft 12 11

M ccw = 45.5 lb ft

FBD: (a)
M C = 0:
r ( F T ) = 0,
T = F
Impending slip: F = s N or N =
Fx = 0:
F + T cos ( 25 + ) W sin 25 = 0
T 1 + cos ( 25 + ) = W sin 25
Fy = 0: N W cos 25 + T sin ( 25 + ) = 0
(1)
1 + sin ( 25 + ) = W cos 25 T 0.35

Dividing (1) by (2):
(2)
1 + cos ( 25 + ) = tan 25 1 + sin ( 25 + ) 0.35
Solving numerically, 25 + = 42.53
= 17.53
(b) From (1)
T (1 + cos 42.53 ) = W sin 25

T = 0.252W

FBD ladder: Note: slope of ladder =
4.5 m 12 13 = , so AC = ( 4.5 m ) = 4.875 1.875 m 5 12 AD = 1 L 2
L = 6.5 m, so AC =
4.875 m 3 = L, 6.5 m 4
and DC = BD =
1 L 4
FC = s NC
For impending slip: FA = s N A ,
12 Also = tan 1 15 = 52.380 5 Fx = 0:

FA W sin15 + FC cos NC sin = 0
FA = W sin15 s
10 10 W cos + W sin 39 39
= ( 0.46192 0.15652 s )W Fy = 0:
N A W cos15 + FC sin + NC cos = 0

N A = W cos15 s 10 10 W sin W cos 39 39
= ( 0.80941 0.20310 s )W
But FA = N A :
2 0.46192 0.15652 s = 0.80941 s 0.20310 s 2 s 4.7559 s + 2.2743
s = 0.539, 4.2166 s min = 0.539

FBD ladder:
Slip impends at both A and B, FA = s N A , FB = s N B Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
FA N B = 0,
N B = FA = s N A N A + FB = W
N A W + FB = 0, N A + s N B = W
2 N A 1 + s = W
M O = 0:
(6 m) NB + 6 s N A +
2 s +
5 5 m W m N A = 0 4 2
5 5 2 N A 1 + s N A = 0 4 2
24 s 1 = 0 5
s = 2.4 2.6
s min = 0.200
Chapter 8, Solution 23. FBD rod:

(a) Geometry:
BE =
L cos 2
L DE = cos tan 2
EF = L sin
So or Also, or
DF =
L cos 2 tan s
1 L cos L cos tan + sin = 2 2 tan s
tan + 2 tan =
1 1 1 = = = 2.5 tan s s 0.4
(1)
L sin + L sin = L
sin + sin = 1 (2)
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) numerically
1 = 4.62
1 = 66.85
2 = 48.20 2 = 14.75
Therefore, (b) Now and
= 4.62 and = 48.2 s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.4 = 21.801

T W = sin s sin ( 90 + s )
T =W sin s sin ( 90 + s )
or For
= 4.62 = 48.2
T = 0.526W T = 0.374W
Chapter 8, Solution 24. FBD:

Assume the weight of the slender rod is negligible compared to P. First consider impending slip upward at B. The friction forces will be directed as shown and FB,C = s N B,C M B = 0: ( L sin ) P
a sin
NC = 0
NC = P
Fx = 0:
L 2 sin a
NC sin + FC cos N B = 0 NC ( sin + s cos ) = N B
so Fy = 0:
NB = P
L 2 sin ( sin + s cos ) a
P + NC cos FC sin FB = 0
P = NC cos s NC sin s N B
so P = P
L 2 L sin ( cos s sin ) s P sin 2 ( sin + s cos ) a a L = 13.63. a
(1)
Using = 35 and s = 0.20, solve for
To consider impending slip downward at B, the friction forces will be reversed. This can be accomplished by substituting s = 0.20 in L = 3.46. equation (1). Then solve for a Thus, equilibrium is maintained for 3.46
L 13.63 a

FBD ABC:
M C = 0:
0.045 m + ( 0.30 m ) sin 30 ( 400 N ) sin 30

+ 0.030 m + ( 0.30 m ) cos 30 ( 400 N ) cos 30
12 5 ( 0.03 m ) FBD ( 0.045 m ) FBD = 0 13 13
FBD = 3097.64 N
FBD Blade:
Fx = 0:
25 ( 3097.6 N ) = 0 65
N = 1191.4
F = s N = 0.20 (1191.4 N ) = 238.3 N

Fy = 0: P+F 60 ( 3097.6 N ) = 0 65
P = 2859.3 238.3 = 2621.0 N

Force by blade
P = 2620 N

FBD CD: Note: The plate is a 3-force member, and for minimum s , slip impends at C and D, so the reactions there are at angle s from the normal. From the FBD, and OCG = 20 + s ODG = 20 s
Then OG = ( 0.5 in.) tan ( 20 + s )
1.2 in. + 0.5 in. tan ( 20 s ) and OG = sin70

Equating, tan ( 20 + s ) = 3.5540 tan ( 20 s ) Solving numerically,
s = 10.5652
s = tan s = tan (10.5652 ) s = 0.1865

FBD pin A: From FBD Whole the force at A = 750 lb
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
FBD Casting:
4 ( FAB FAB ) = 0, FAB = FAB 5 3 750 lb 2 FAB = 0, FAB = 625 lb 5
Fx = 0:
Impending slip
N D N D = 0, N D = N D = N
FD = FD = N D , or N D =
FD
Fy = 0:
2FD 750 lb = 0, FD = 375 lb

ND = 375 lb
FBD ABCD:
M C = 0:
(12 in.) N ( 6 in.) F ( 42.75 in.) ( 625 lb ) = 0

= ( 6 in.)( 375 lb ) + ( 42.75 in.) 4 ( 625 lb ) = 0 5
4 5
(12 in.)
375 lb
s = 0.1900

From FBD Whole, and neglecting weight of clamp compared to 550 lb plate, P = W Since AB is a two-force member, B is vertical and B = W .
FBD BCD:
M C = 0:
(1.85 in.)W ( 2.3 in.) D cos 40

( 0.3 in.) D sin 40 = 0,
D = 0.94642W
FBD EG:
M E = 0: Impending slip:
( 0.9 in.) NG (1.3 in.) FG (1.3 in.) N D cos 40 = 0

FG = s NG
(1)
Solving: ( 0.9 1.3 s ) NG = 0.94250W
FBD Plate:
By symmetry NG = NG , Fy = 0:
FG = FG = s NG FG = W , 2 NG = W 2 s
2 FG W = 0,
Substitute in (1): ( 0.9 1.3 s ) Solving, s = 0.283,
W = 0.94250W 2 s
sm = 0.283

FBD table + child:
WC = 18 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 176.58 N WT

2
( ) = 16 kg ( 9.81 m/s ) = 156.96 N
(a) Impending tipping about E , N F = FF = 0, and
M E = 0:
( 0.05 m )(176.58 N ) ( 0.4 m )(156.96 N ) + ( 0.5 m ) P cos ( 0.7 m ) P sin

33cos 46.2sin = 53.955
=0
Solving numerically Therefore
= 36.3
and
= 72.6
72.6 36.3
Impending tipping about F is not possible (b) For impending slip:
FE = s N E = 0.2 N E
FF = s N F = 0.2 N F
Fx = 0: FE + FF P cos = 0
or
0.2 ( N E + N F ) = ( 66 N ) cos
Fy = 0: N E + N F 176.58 N 156.96 N P sin = 0 N E + N F = ( 66sin + 333.54 ) N

So Solving numerically, Therefore,
330 cos = 66sin + 333.54
= 3.66
and
= 18.96
18.96 3.66

Geometry of four-bar:
Considering the geometry when = 0,
2 2 LCD = ( 60 mm 52 mm ) + ( 36 mm + 22 mm ) 1/ 2
= 58.549 mm
In general, 52 mm ( 36 mm ) sin = 60 mm ( 58.549 mm ) sin 36sin + 8 so = sin 1 58.549 (a) FBD ACE:
=0
= 7.8533, note that the links at E and K are prevented from pivoting downward by the small blocks FE FCD sin FE = 0, FCD = Fy = 0: sin 7.8533
M A = 0:
( 60 mm )
FE cos 7.8533 ( 32 mm ) FE ( 212 mm ) N E = 0 sin 7.8533 FE
Impending slip on pad N E =

212 435.00 32 FE = 0 s
, so
s = 0.526
(b) = 30, = 26.364 Fx = 0: Fy = 0: 3 FAB + FCD cos 26.364 N E = 0 2
1 FAB + FCD sin 26.364 FE = 0 2
Eliminating FAB , M A = 0:
FCD ( 0.89599 0.76916 ) N E + FE = 0
Impending slip FE = s N E , so 0.126834 FE = (1 s ) N E
( 60 mm ) FCD cos 26.364 ( 212 mm ) N E ( 32 mm ) s N E 53.759 FCD = ( 212 32 s ) N E = 0

212 32 s 53.759 = 1 s 0.12634
=0
s = 0.277

FBD ABD:
D = 0:
Impending slip: So
(15 mm ) N A (110 mm ) FA = 0
FA = SA N A 15 110 SA = 0 SA = 0.136364
SA = 0.1364
FBD Pipe:
Fx = 0:
FA Dx = 0, Dx = FA = SA N A
r = 60 mm
Fy = 0:
FBD DF:
NC N A = 0,
NC = N A
M F = 0:
Impending slip: So,
( 550 mm ) FC (15 mm ) NC ( 500 mm ) Dx = 0

FC = SC NC = SC N A
550 SC N A 15N A 500 SA N A = 0
550 SC = 15 + 500 ( 0.136364 )
SC = 0.1512

FBD Plate:
Assume reactions as shown, at ends of sleeves, For impending slip

Fx = 0:
FA = s N A ,
FB = s N B
P sin s N A s N B = 0 N A + N B = 2.5 P sin
Fy = 0:
N A N B P cos = 0,
P ( 2.5sin + cos ) , 2
N A N B = P cos
NB = P ( 2.5sin cos ) (1) 2
Solving: N A =
M B = 0:
( 23.5 in.) P sin (16 in.) N A + (1 in.) FA = 0

P 16 in. 0.4 (1 in.) ( 2.5sin + cos ) = 0 2 (2)
( 23.5 in.) P sin
4sin 7.8cos = 0,
= 62.9
For > 62.9, the panel will be self locking, motion for 62.9. As decreases, N B will reverse direction at 2.5sin cos = 0, (see equ. 1) or at = 21.8. So for 21.8
Fx = 0 :
P sin s ( N A + N B ) = 0 N A + N B = 2.5 P sin
Fy = 0:
N A + N B P cos = 0,
N A + N B = P cos
2.5sin = cos ,
= 21.8
So impending motion for 21.8 62.9

FBD Plate:
Assuming reactions as shown, at ends of sleeves, For impending slip Fx = 0: Fy = 0: Solving:

FA = s N A , FB = s FB N A + N B = 2.5 P sin N A N B P cos = 0, NA = P ( 2.5sin + cos ) , 2 N A N B = P cos NB = P sin s ( N A + N B ) = 0
(1) (2)
P ( 2.5sin cos ) 2
Note that, for < 21.8, N B becomes negative, so we must change equ. 2 to N A + N B = P cos , ( 2 ) but equ. (1) does not change. Solving (1) and ( 2 ) gives P cos = 2.5P sin , or = 21.8, so the lower limit for impending slip is = 21.8. For 21.8, the forces are as shown, and M B = 0:
( 23.5 in.) P sin
+ xP cos + (1 in.) FA (16 in.) N A = 0
( 23.5 in.) P sin

or
P + x P cos + 0.4 (1 in.) (16 in.) ( 2.5sin + cos ) = 0 2 x 4sin ( 7.8 in.) x cos = 0, tan = 1.950 4 in.
(a) For x = 4 in., tan = 1.950, = 43.5. For > 43.5 self locking
impending motion for 21.8 43.5

(b) As x increases from 4 in., the upper bound for decreases, becoming 21.8 ( tan = 0.4000 ) when x = ( 4 in.)(1.950 0.400 ) = 6.2 in. Thus xmax = 6.20 in. at which must equal 21.8.

FBD Collar:
Impending motion down:
Stretch of spring x = AB a =
a a cos
a 1 a = (1.5 kN/m )( 0.5 m ) 1 Fs = kx = k cos cos

1 = ( 0.75 kN ) 1 cos Fx = 0:
N Fs cos = 0 N = Fs cos = ( 0.75 kN )(1 cos )
Impending motion up:

Impending slip:
F = s N = ( 0.4 )( 0.75 kN )(1 cos )

= ( 0.3 kN )(1 cos )
+ down, up
Fy = 0:
Fs sin F W = 0
sin ) ( 0.3 kN )(1 cos ) W = 0
( 0.75 kN )( tan
or with = 30:
W = ( 0.3 kN ) [ 2.5 ( tan sin ) (1 cos )]

Wup = 0.01782 kN Wdown = 0.0982 kN
( OK )
( OK )
Equilibrium if 17.82 N W 98.2 N

Geometry:
1 m ( 0.5 m ) cos tan = ( 0.5 m ) sin
tan ( 2 cos ) = sin
= 30 = 60
then LAB = (1 m ) cos 30 =
FBD B:
3 m 2
1 kN 3 m m Fs = k ( LAB L0 ) = 1.5 m 2 2
Fs = 0.75
3 1 kN = 549.04 N
Fx = 0:
F + W sin 60 549.04 N = 0 F = 549.04 N W 2 N =

3 W 2
Fy = 0:
N W cos 60 = 0,
For impending slip upward, F is as shown and F = s N , so 549.04 N
W 3 W, = 0.40 2 2
Wmin = 648.61 N
For impending slip downward, F is reversed, or F = s N , so 549.04 N

m=
W 3 W, = 0.40 2 2
so
Wmax = 3575 N
66.1 kg m 364 kg
( 9.81 m/s )
2

FBD Collar:
Note: BC is a two-force member, and for M max , slip will impend to the right. Fy = 0: Impending slip: Fx = 0:
FBD AB:
FBC cos N = 0, F = s N = s FBC cos FBC sin F P = 0
N = FBC cos
FBC ( sin s cos ) = P
M A = 0:
M ( 2l ) FAB cos = 0
M = 2l cos P sin s cos M max =
2 Pl tan s
For s = tan , M max = self locking For s > tan , M max < 0

Geometry:
= cos 1
L L L + 2 4 2 = 60 L 2
For min
FBD AB:
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900 from normal.

Note: AB is a three-force member
a L
slip will impend to right and reactions will be at
CD = a tan ( 60 + s ) = ( L a ) tan ( 60 s ) a tan ( 79.29 ) = ( L a ) tan ( 40.71 )
6.1449 =
L 1 a
a = 0.13996 L min a = 0.1400 L
FBD A:
Note: Rod is a two force member. For impending slip the reactions are at angle
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.40 ) = 21.801

Consider first impending slip to right 9 lb FAB = = 3.8572 lb tan 66.801 Fy = 0: N B ( 3.8522 lb ) sin 30 ( 6 lb ) cos 30 = 0 N B = 7.1223 lb, Fx = 0: FB = s N B = 0.40 ( 7.1223 lb ) FB = 2.8489 lb 2.8489 lb + ( 3.8572 lb ) cos 30 ( 6 lb ) sin 30 P = 0 Pmin = 2.508 lb
FBD A:
FBD B:
Next consider impending slip to left FAB = ( 9 lb ) tan 66.801 = 21.000 lb

FBD B:
Fy = 0:
N B ( 21 lb ) sin 30 ( 6 lb ) cos 30 = 0, FB = s N B = 0.4 (15.6959 lb ) = 6.2784 lb
N B = 15.6959 lb
Fx = 0:
6.2784 lb + ( 21 lb ) cos 30 ( 6 lb ) sin 30 P = 0 Pmax = 21.465 lb equilibrium for 2.51 lb P 21.5 lb

FBD AB:
M A = 0:
8 in 2 + 4 in 2 ( N ) M A = 0
N =
Impending motion:
(12 lb ft )(12 in./ft )

8.9443 in.
= 16.100 lb
F = s N = 0.3 (16.100 lb ) = 4.83 lb
Note: For max MC, need F in direction shown; see FBD BC. FBD BC + collar:
M C = 0:
or
M C (17 in.)
1 2 2 N ( 8 in.) N (13 in.) F =0 5 5 5
MC =
17 in. 16 in. 26 in. (16.100 lb ) + (16.100 lb ) + ( 4.830 lb ) = 293.77 lb in. 5 5 5
( MC )max
= 24.5 lb ft

FBD yoke:
Fx = 0:
P N = 0,
N = P = 8 lb F = s N = 125 ( 8 lb ) F = 2 lb
For impending slip,
For M max , F on yoke is down as shown

FBD wheel and slider:
For M min , F on yoke is up.
(a) For M max the 2 lb force is up as shown.

M B = 0: M B ( 3 in.) sin 65 ( 8 lb ) ( 3 in.) cos 65 ( 2 lb ) = 0
M B max = 24.3 lb in.

(b) For M min the 2 lb force is reversed, and
M B = 0: M B ( 3in .) sin 65 ( 8 lb ) + ( 3 in.) cos 65 ( 2 lb ) = 0
M B min = 19.22 lb in.

FBD Rod:
M A = 0:
( 20 in.) N1 (12.5 in.)(12 lb ) = 0

N1 = 7.5 lb.
FBD Cylinder:
Fy = 0: F1 = s N1 .
N 2 7.5 lb 36 lb = 0,
N 2 = 43.5 lb
since 1 = 2 and N1 < N 2 , slip will impend at top of cylinder first, so F1 = 0.35 ( 7.5 lb ) = 2.625 lb M D = 0:
( 4.25 in.) P (12.5 in.)( 2.625 lb ) = 0,
P = 7.7206 lb Pmax = 7.72 lb
To check slip analysis above, Fy = 0:
N 2 36 lb 7.5 lb = 0 N 2 = 43.5 lb
F2max = s N 2 = 0.35 ( 43.5 lb ) = 15.225 lb Fx = 0: P F1 F2 = 0, 7.72 lb 2.625 lb F2 = 0 OK
F2 = 5.095 lb < Fmax ,

FBD pulley: Note that SA = tan 1 SA = tan 1 ( 0.5 ) = 26.565 < 30, Cable is needed to keep A from sliding downward.
Fy = 0:
2T WB = 0,
T =
WB , 2
WB = 2T
(1)
FBD block A: (a) For minimum WB , there will be impending slip of block A downward, and FA = SA N A as shown.
Fy = 0:
N A WA cos 30 = 0,
N A = WA cos 30
= 23.544 N cos 30 = 20.390 N

WA = ( 2.4 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 23.544 N
FBD block C:
FA = ( 0.50 )( 20.390 N ) = 10.195 N
Fx = 0:
T WA sin 30 + FA = 0
T = ( 23.544 N ) sin 30 10.195 N = 1.577 N

From (1)
WB = 2T = 3.154 N,
mB =
3.154 N 9.81 m/s 2
= 0.322 kg,
mB min = 322 g
Fy = 0:
NC WC = 0,
NC = 58.86 N
FC max = SC NC = 0.30 ( 58.86 N ) = 17.658 N

Since T = 1.577 N < FC max , block B doesnt slip and above answer for
mB min is correct.
(b) For mB max assume impending slip of block C to left, FC = Fmax
Fx = 0:
T + FC = 0,
T = FC = FC max = 17.658 N
From (1) WB = 2T = 35.316 N, From FBD block A,
mB =
WB 35.316 N = = 3.6 kg g 9.81 m/s 2
Fx = 0:
T WA sin 30 + FA = 0,
FA = WA sin 30 T
FA = ( 23.544 N ) sin 30 17.658 N = 5.886,

Since FA < FA max , A does not slip
FAmax = 10.195 N
M B max = 3.6 kg

FBD A:
For impending motion A must start up and C down the incline. Since the normal force between A and B is less than that between B and C, and the friction coefficients are the same, Fmax will be reached first between A and B, and B and C will stay together.
Fy = 0:
N1 ( 4 lb ) cos 30 = 0,
N1 = 2 3 lb
F1 = s N1 = 2 3 s lb
T ( 4 lb ) sin 30 2 3 s lb = 0
T = 2 1 + 3 s lb
FBD B and C:
Fy = 0:
(1)
N 2 2 3 lb ( 3 lb + 8 lb ) cos 30 = 0
N2 =
15 3 lb 2
15 3 s lb 2 15 3 s lb ( 3 + 8) lbsin 30 = 0 T + 2 3 + 2
F2 = s N 2 =
11 19 3 s lb T = 2 2
(2)
FBD B:
Equating (1) and (2):
4 1 + 3 s lb = 11 19 3 s
23 3 s = 7, To check slip reasoning above: Fy = 0:
s min = 0.1757
N3 =
7 3 lb 2
N3 2 3 lb ( 3 lb ) cos 30 = 0, F3max = s N3 =
7 3 s 2
Fx = 0:
( 3 lb ) sin 30 + 2 3 s lb F3 = 0
F3 = 2 3 ( 0.1757 ) lb
3 lb = 0.891 lb 2
F3 < F3max , OK

FBD rod:
M A = 0: or Impending motion: 3 in. N B ( 4.5 in.) cos W = 0 cos
N B = (1.5cos 2 )W
FB = s N B = (1.5 s cos 2 )W
= ( 0.3cos 2 )W Fx = 0: or Impending motion:
N A N B sin + FB cos = 0
N A = (1.5cos 2 )W ( sin 0.2 cos )
FA = s N A
= ( 0.3cos 2 )W ( sin 0.2 cos )
Fy = 0: FA + N B cos + FB sin W = 0 or
FA = W 1 1.5cos3 0.3cos 2 sin
Equating FAs 0.3cos 2 ( sin 0.2cos ) = 1 1.5cos3 0.3cos 2 sin 0.6cos 2 sin + 1.44cos3 = 1 Solving numerically
= 35.8

FBD pin A:
Fx = 0: Fy = 0: Solving:
FBD B:
12 3 FAB FAC = 0 13 5 5 4 FAB + FAC P = 0 13 5 FAB = 13 P, 21 FAC = 20 P 21
Fx = 0:
NB
12 13 P = 0, 13 21
NB = 11 NB 20
12 P 21
For Pmin slip of B impends down, so FB = s N B = Fy = 0:

FBD C:
11 12 5 13 P P 18 lb = 0, 20 21 13 21
Pmin = 236.25 lb
(For P < 236.25 lb, A will slip down) 4 20 16 P = 0, NC = 80 lb + P 5 21 21
Fy = 0:
NC 80 lb
For Pmax slip of C impends to right, FC = s NC or Fx = 0: FC = 11 16 44 P = 44 lb + P 80 lb + 20 21 105 12 44 P = 44 lb + P 21 105 Pmax = 288.75 lb
3 20 P FC = 0, 5 21
equilibrium 236 P 289

s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.4 ) = 21.801, slip impends at wedge/block wedge/wedge and block/incline
FBD Block:
R2 530 lb = sin 41.801 sin 46.398
R2 = 487.84 lb
FBD Wedge:
P 487.84 lb = sin 51.602 sin 60.199 P = 441 lb

s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.40 ) = 21.801, and slip impends at wedge/lower block, wedge/wedge, and upper
block/incline interfaces.
FBD Upper block and wedge: R2 530 lb = sin 41.801 sin 38.398 R2 = 568.76 lb
FBD Lower wedge:
P 568.76 lb = sin 51.602 sin 68.199 P = 480 lb

WD = (18 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 176.58 N Fs = kx = ( 3.5 kN/m )( 0.1 m ) = 0.35 kN = 350 N
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.25 ) = 14.0362

FBD Lever:
M C = 0:
( 0.3 m )( 350 N ) ( 0.4 m )(176.58 N )

( 0.525 m ) RA cos 4.0362 + ( 0.05 m ) RA sin 4.0362 = 0 RA = 66.070 N
Fx = 0:
( 66.07 N ) sin 4.0362 + Cx = 0,
Cx = 4.65 N
Fy = 0:
FBD Wedge:
( 66.07 N ) cos 4.0362 350 N 176.58 N = 0
P 66.070 N = sin18.072 sin 75.964 P = 21.1 lb (a) (b) P = 21.1 lb

C x = 4.65 N C y = 461 N

WD = (18 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 176.58 N Fs = kx = ( 3.5 kN/m )( 0.1 m ) = 0.35 kN = 350 N
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.25 ) = 14.0362

FBD Lever:
M C = 0:
( 0.3 m )( 350 N ) ( 0.4 m )(176.58 N )

( 0.525 m ) RA cos 24.036 ( 0.05 m ) RA sin 24.036 = 0 RA = 68.758 N
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
C x ( 68.758 N ) sin 24.036 = 0,
Cx = 28.0 N
C y 350 N 176.58 N + ( 68.758 N ) cos 24.036 = 0 C y = 464 N
FBD Wedge:
P 68.758 N = sin 38.072 sin 75.964
(a) (b)
P = 43.7 N
C x = 28.0 N C y = 464 N

For steel/steel contact,
s1 = tan 1 s1 = tan 1 ( 0.3) = 16.6992
For steel/concrete interface, s2 = tan 1 s2 = tan 1 ( 0.6 ) = 30.964
FBD Plate CD:

Fy = 0:
N 90 kN = 0, F = 90 kN
F = s1 N = 0.3 ( 90 kN ) = 27 kN F Q = 0, Q = F = 27 kN
FBD Top wedge assuming impending slip between wedges:

Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
P = 72.265 kN, Rw cos 26.699 90 kN = 0, Rw = 100.74 kN
P 27 kN (100.74 kN ) sin 26.699 = 0
(a) (b)
P = 72.3 kN Q = 27.0 kN
To check above assumption; note that bottom wedge is a two-force member so the reaction of the floor on that wedge is Rw, at 26.699 from the vertical. This is less than s2 = 30.964, so the bottom wedge doesnt slip on the concrete.

For steel/steel contact, s1 = tan 1 s1 = tan 1 ( 0.30 ) = 16.6992 For steel/concrete contact, s2 = tan 1 s2 = tan 1 ( 0.60 ) = 30.964
FBD Plate CD and top wedge:

Q = 90 kN tan 26.6992 = 45.264 kN Rw =
90 kN = 100.741 kN cos 26.6992
FBD Bottom wedge: slip impends at both surfaces
P 100.714 kN = sin 57.663 sin 59.036
(a) (b)
P = 99.3 kN Q = 45.3 kN

FBD Wedge:
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.4 ) = 21.801

By symmetry RB = RC Fy = 0: 2RC sin ( 29.801 ) P = 0,
P = 0.9940 RC
FBD Block C:
RC 175 lb , = sin 41.801 sin18.397 lb P = 367.3 lb
(a)
P = 367 lb
b) Note: That increasing friction between B and the incline will mean that block B will not slip, but the above calculations will not change.
(b)
P = 367 lb

FBD Block C:
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.4 ) = 21.8014

Fx = 0: Fy = 0: so
RCFy RCFx RACx RCFx = 0 RCFy RACy 175 lb = 0
RACy RACx
175 lb RACx
cot ( 20 + ) cot ( 32.2 ) > 0
< 12.2 < s = 21.8

so block C does not slip (or impend)
FBD Block B:
(a) B = tan 1 B = tan 1 ( 0.4 ) = 21.8014
RB 175 lb , = sin 41.8014 sin 46.3972 RB = 161.083 lb
(b) B = tan 1 B = tan 1 ( 0.6 ) = 30.9638

RB 175 lb , = sin 50.9638 sin 37.2330 RB = 224.65 lb
FBD Wedge:
P RB = , sin 59.6028 sin 52.1986 P = 1.09163 RB P = 175.8 lb P = 245 lb
(a) (b)
RB = 161.083 lb, RB = 224.65 lb,

Since vertical forces are equal and s ground > s wood, assume no impending motion of board. Then there will be impending slip at all wood/wood contacts, s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900
FBD Top wedge:

R1 =
8 kN = 8.4758 kN cos19.29
R1 P = sin 52.710 cos 56.580 P = 8.892 kN
To check assumption, consider
FBD wedges + board:

F1 = 1 8 kN = 0.35 ( 8 kN ) = 2.8 kN
Fy = 0:
NG 8 kN = 0,
NG = 8 kN
FG max = G NG = ( 0.6 )( 8 kN ) = 4.8 kN
Fx = 0:
FG F1 = 0,
FG = F1 = 2.8 kN FG < FG max ,
OK
P = 8.89 kN

Assume no impending motion of board on ground. Then there will be impending slip at all wood/wood interfaces.
FBD Top wedge:

Wedge is a two-force member so R 2 = R1 and = 2s = 2 tan 1 s = 2 tan 1 ( 0.35 )
= 38.6
To check assumption, consider
FBD wedges + board:

F1 = 1 8 kN = 0.35 ( 8 kN ) = 2.8 kN
Fy = 0:
NG 8 kN = 0,
NG = 8 kN
FG max = G NG = ( 0.6 )( 8 kN ) = 4.8 kN
Fx = 0:
FG F1 = 0,
FG = F1 = 2.8 kN FG < FG max ,
OK
P = 8.89 kN

FBD Cylinder:
Slip impends at B
SC = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900

M A = 0:
r RC cos (12 + 19.29 )
4r W =0 3
RC = 0.49665, W = 124.163 lb
FBD Wedge:
SF = tan 1 SF = tan 1 ( 0.50 ) = 26.565

P 124.163 lb = sin 58.855 sin 63.435 P = 117.5 lb

FBD tip of screwdriver:
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.12 ) = 6.8428

by symmetry R1 = R2
Fy = 0:
2R1 sin ( 6.8428 + 8 ) 3.5 N = 0

R1 = R2 = 6.8315 N
If P is removed quickly, the vertical components of R1 and R2 vanish, leaving the horizontal components
H1 = H 2 = ( 6.8315 N ) cos14.8428 = 6.6035 N

Side forces = 6.60 N This is only instantaneous, since 8 > s , so the screwdriver will be forced out.
As the plates are moved, the angle will decrease. (a)
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.2 = 11.31. As decreases, the minimum angle at the contact approaches 12.5 > s = 11.31, so the wedge will slide up and out from the slot. s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.3 = 16.70. As decreases, the angle at one contact reaches 16.7. (At this time the angle at the other contact is 25 16.7 = 8.3 < s ) The wedge binds in the slot.
(b)

FBD Wedge:
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900

by symmetry R1 = R2 Fy = 0: 2 R1 sin 22.29 60 lb = 0
R2 = 79.094 lb
When P is removed, the vertical component of R1 and R2 will vanish, leaving the horizontal components
H1 = H 2 = ( 79.094 lb ) cos 22.29
= 73.184 lb Final forces H1 = H 2 = 73.2 lb Since these are at 3 ( < s ) from the normal, the wedge is self-locking and will remain in place.

FBD Cylinder:
W = ( 80 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 784.8 N
M G = 0:
M D = 0:
FA FB = 0,
FA = FB
N A = NB + W 3
(1) (2)
dN B dN A + rW = 0,
so
N A > NB,
FA max > FB max
slip impends first at B. FB = s N B = 0.25 N B M A = 0: ( r cos 30 ) N B ( r sin 30 )W r (1 + sin 30 )( 0.25 N B ) = 0

r = note d = tan 30 N B = 1.01828W = 799.15 N
3r
FB = 0.25 N B = 199.786 N
From (2) above, N A = 799.15 N + From (1), FA = FB = 199.786 N
784.8 N = 1252.25 N 3
Fy = 0:
NC (1252.25 N ) cos10 + 199.786 N sin10 = 0 NC = 1198.53 N
FBD Wedge:
Impending slip FC = s NC = 0.25 (1198.53 N ) = 299.63 N
Fx = 0:
P 299.63 N (199.786 N ) cos10
(1252.25 N ) sin10 = 0
P = 714 N
20.0
Chapter 8, Solution 61. FBD Cylinder:

W = ( 80 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 784.8 N
For impending slip at B, M A = 0:
FB = sB N B = 0.30 N B
( r cos 30 ) N B r (1 + sin 30 )( 0.30 N B )

r sin 30W = 0
N B = 1.20185W = 943.21 N FB = 0.30 N B = 0.36055W M G = 0: Fx = 0: r ( FA FB ) = 0, FA = FB = 0.36055W
N A sin 30 + FA cos30 N B = 0 NA = ( 0.36055W ) cos30 + 1.20185W sin 30
N A = 1.77920W For minimum A , slip impends at A, so
A min =
FA 0.36055W = = 0.2026 N A 1.77920W
A min = 0.203

FBD plank + wedge:
M A = 0:
(8 ft ) N B (1.5 ft )( 48 lb/ft )( 3 ft )
( 2 ft ) 1 ( 48 lb/ft )( 3 ft ) 2
5 1 3 + ft ( 96 lb/ft )( 5 ft ) = 0 3 2
N B = 185 lb
Fy = 0: 48 + 96 NW + 185 lb lb/ft ( 3ft ) 2 + 1 ( 96 lb/ft )( 5 ft ) = 0 2 NW = 271 lb Since NW > N B , and all s are equal, assume slip impends at B and between wedge and floor, and not at A. Then FW = s NW = 0.45 ( 271 lb ) = 121.95 lb FB = s N B = 0.45 (185 lb ) = 83.25 lb Fx = 0: P 121.95 lb 83.25 lb = 0, P = 205.20 lb
Check Wedge for assumption
Fy = 0: Fx = 0: so tan =
271 lb RA cos = 0 205.2 lb 121.95 lb RA sin = 0
83.25 = 0.3072 < s + tan 9 271 so no slip here

(a)
P = 205 lb
(b)
impending slip at B

FBD plank + wedge:
M A = 0:
(8 ft ) N B (1.5 ft )( 48 lb/ft )( 3 ft )
( 2 ft )
1 ( 48 lb/ft )( 3 ft ) 2 5 3 + ft ( 96 lb/ft )( 5 ft ) = 0 3
NW = 185 lb
Fy = 0:
48 + 96 N A + 185 lb lb/ft ( 3ft ) 2 1 ( 96 lb/ft )( 5 ft ) = 0 2 N A = 271 lb
Since N A > NW , and all s are equal, assume impending slip at top and bottom of wedge and not at A. Then FW = s NW = 0.45 (185 N ) FW = 83.25 lb
FBD Wedge:
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.45 ) = 24.228

Fy = 0: Fx = 0: 185 lb RB cos ( 24.228 + 9 ) = 0 RB = 221.16 lb P = 204.44 lb Check assumption using plank/wedge FBD Fx = 0: FA + FW P = 0,
( 221.16 lb ) sin 33.228 + 83.25 lb P = 0
FA max = s N A = 0.45 ( 271 lb ) = 121.95 lb
FA = 204.44 lb 83.25 lb = 121.19 lb FA < FA max , OK
(a)
(b)
P = 204 lb
no impending slip at A

WA = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N, WB = ( 50 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 490.5 N Slip must impend at all surfaces simultaneously, F = s N
FBD I: A + B
Fy = 0:
N B 150 N 98.1 N 490.5 N = 0, FB = s N B = ( 738.6 N ) s N A FB = 0, N A = ( 738.6 N ) s
N B = 738.6 N
impending slip: Fx = 0:
FBD II: A
Fy = 0:
FAB + ( 738.6 s ) N sin 20 (150 N + 98.1 N ) cos 20 = 0

FAB = 233.14 ( 252.62 ) s N
Fx = 0:
( 738.6 s ) N cos 20 (150 N + 98.1 N ) sin 20 N AB = 0 N AB = 84.855 + ( 694.06 ) s N
s =
FAB 233.14 252.62 s = N AB 84.855 + 694.06 s
s2 = 0.48623 s 0.33591 = 0
s = 0.24312 0.62850
Positive root
s = 0.385

WA = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N, WB = ( 50 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 490.5 N Slip impends at all surfaces simultaneously
FBD I: A + B
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
N A FB = 0,
N A = FB = s N B
(1)
FA (150 N + 98.1 N + 490.5 N ) + N B = 0
s N A + N B = 738.6 N
Solving (1) and (2) N B =
FBD II: B
(2) 738.6 s N 2 1 + s
738.6 N , 2 1 + s
FB =
Fx = 0:
N AB + ( 490.5 N ) cos 70 N B cos 70 FB sin 70 = 0 N AB = 738.6 N cos 70 + s sin 70 ) ( 490.5 N ) cos 70 (1) 2 ( 1 + s
Fy = 0:
FAB ( 490.5 N ) sin 70 + N B sin 70 FB cos 70 = 0 FAB = 738.6 N sin 70 s cos 70 ) ( 490.5 N ) sin 70 = 0 2 ( 1 + s
Setting FAB = s N AB ,
3 2 s 6.8847 s 2.0116 s + 1.38970 = 0
Solving numerically, s = 0.586, 0.332, 7.14 Physically meaningful solution:
s = 0.332

FBD jack handle:
See Section 8.6 M C = 0:

FBD block on incline:
aP rQ = 0 or P =
r Q a
(a)
Raising load
Q = W tan ( + s )
P=
r W tan ( + s ) a
continued
PROBLEM 8.66 CONTINUED

(b) Lowering load if screw is self-locking ( i.e.: if s > )
Q = W tan (s ) P=
(c)
r W tan (s ) a
Holding load is screw is not self-locking ( i.e: if s < )
Q = W tan ( s ) P= r W tan ( s ) a

FBD large gear:
M C = 0:
(12 in.)W
7.2 kip in. = 0,
W = 0.600 kips
= 600 lb
Block on incline:
= tan 1
0.375 in. = 2.2785 2 (1.5 in.)
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.12 = 6.8428

Q = W tan ( + s )
= ( 600 lb ) tan 9.1213 = 96.333 lb
FBD worm gear:
r = 1.5 in.
M B = 0:
(1.5 in.)( 96.333 lb ) M
=0
M = 144.5 lb in.

FBD large gear:
M C = 0:
(12 in.)W
7.2 kip in. = 0
W = 0.600 kips = 600 lb
Block on incline:
= tan 1
0.375 in. = 2.2785 2 (1.5 in.)
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.12 = 6.8428

Q = W tan ( s )
= ( 600 lb ) tan 4.5643 = 47.898 lb
FBD worm gear:
r = 1.5 in.
M B = 0:
M (1.5 in.)( 47.898 lb ) = 0 M = 71.8 lb in.

Block/incline analysis:
= tan 1
0.125 in. = 2.4238 2.9531 in.
s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900
Q = 47250 tan ( 21.714 ) = 18.816 lb

Couple =
d 0.94 in. (18.516 lb ) = 8844 lb in. Q= 2 2

Couple = 7.37 lb ft

FBD joint D:
By symmetry:
FAD = FCD
Fy = 0: 2FAD sin 25 4 kN = 0
FAD = FCD = 4.7324 kN

FBD joint A:
By symmetry:
FAE = FAD
Fx = 0: FAC 2 ( 4.7324 kN ) cos 25 = 0
FAC = 8.5780 kN
Block and incline A:
= tan 1
2 mm = 4.8518 ( 7.5 mm )
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.15 = 8.5308
Q = ( 8.578 kN ) tan (13.3826 )

= 2.0408 kN Couple at A:
M A = rQ
7.5 = mm ( 2.0408 kN ) 2 = 7.653 N m
By symmetry: Couple at C:
M C = 7.653 N m
Total couple M = 2 ( 7.653 N m )
M = 15.31 N m

FBD joint D:
By symmetry:
FAD = FCD
Fy = 0: 2FAD sin 25 4 kN = 0
FAD = FCD = 4.7324 kN

FBD joint A:
By symmetry:
FAE = FAD
Fx = 0: FAC 2 ( 4.7324 kN ) cos 25 = 0
FAC = 8.5780 kN
Block and incline at A:

= tan 1
2 mm = 4.8518 ( 7.5 mm )
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.15
s = 8.5308
s = 3.679
Q = ( 8.5780 kN ) tan 3.679 Q = 0.55156 kN
Couple at A: M A = Qr 7.5 mm = ( 0.55156 kN ) 2 = 2.0683 N m By symmetry: Couple at C : M C = 2.0683 N m Total couple M = 2 ( 2.0683 N m )
M = 4.14 N m

FBD lower jaw:
By symmetry B = 540 N Fy = 0: 540 N + A 540 N = 0,
A = 1080 N
(a) since A > B when finished, adjust A first when there will be no force
Block/incline at B:
(b) = tan 1
4 mm = 6.0566 12 mm
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35) = 19.2900
Q = ( 540 N ) tan 25.3466 = 255.80 N

Couple = rQ = ( 6 mm )( 255.80 N ) = 1535 N mm
M = 1.535 N m

FBD lower jaw:
By symmetry B = 540 N Fy = 0: 540 N + A 540 N = 0,
A = 1080 N
since A > B, A should be adjusted first when no force is required. If instead, B is adjusted first,
Block/incline at A:
= tan 1
4 mm = 6.0566 12 mm
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35) = 19.2900
Q = (1080 N ) tan 25.3466 = 511.59 N

Couple = rQ = ( 6 mm )( 511.59 N ) = 3069.5 N mm
M = 3.07 N m
Note that this is twice that required if A is adjusted first.

Block/incline:
= tan 1
0.25 in. = 2.4302 1.875 in.
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.10 ) = 5.7106
Q = (1000 lb ) tan ( 8.1408 ) = 143.048 lb

Couple = rQ = ( 0.9375 in.)(143.048 lb ) = 134.108 lb in.
M = 134.1 lb in.

FBD Bucket:
rf = r sin s = r sin tan 1 s

= ( 0.18 m ) sin tan 1
M A = 0:
) 0.30 ) = 0.05172 m
=0
(1.6 m + 0.05172 m ) T ( 0.05172 m )W

T = 0.031314W
kN = 0.031314 ( 50 Mg ) 9.81 Mg
= 15.360 kN
T = 15.36 kN !
NOTE FOR PROBLEMS 8.758.89

Note to instructors: In this manual, the simplification sin tan 1 is NOT used in the solution of journal bearing and axle friction problems. While this approximation may be valid for very small values of , there is little if any reason to use it, and the error may be significant. For example, in Problems 8.768.79, s = 0.50, and the error made by using the approximation is about 11.8%.

FBD Windlass:
rf = rb sin s = rb sin tan 1 s
= (1.5 in.) sin tan 1 0.5 = 0.67082 in.
M A = 0:
( 8 0.67082 ) in. P ( 5 + 0.67082 ) in. 160 lb = 0
P = 123.797 lb
P = 123.8 lb


FBD Windlass:
= (1.5 in.) sin tan 1 0.5 = 0.67082 in.
M A = 0:
( 8 + 0.67082 ) in. P ( 5 + 0.67082 ) in. (160 lb ) = 0

P = 104.6 lb


FBD Windlass:
= (1.5 in.) sin tan 1 0.50 = 0.67082 in.
M A = 0:
( 8 + 0.67082 ) in. P ( 5 0.67082 ) in. (160 lb ) = 0

P = 79.9 lb


FBD Windlass:
= (1.5 in.) sin tan 1 0.50 = 0.67082 in.
M A = 0:
( 8 0.67082 ) in. P ( 5 0.67082 ) in. (160 lb ) = 0

P = 94.5 lb


(a) FBD lever (Impending CW rotation): M C = 0:
( 0.2 m + rf ) ( 75 N ) ( 0.12 m rf ) (130 N ) = 0

rf = 0.0029268 m = 2.9268 mm
sin s = rf rs
* 1 rf 1 2.9268 mm s = tan s = tan sin = tan sin 18 mm rs
= 0.34389
s = 0.344
(b) FBD lever (Impending CCW rotation):
M D = 0:
( 0.20 m 0.0029268 m )( 75 N )
( 0.12 m + 0.0029268 m ) P = 0
P = 120.2 N


Pulley FBDs: Left:
rp = 30 mm
rf = raxle sin k = raxle sin tan 1 k
= ( 5 mm ) sin tan 1 0.2 = 0.98058 mm

Left: Right: or M C = 0:
( rp rf ) ( 600 lb ) 2rpTAB = 0
TAB = 30 mm 0.98058 mm ( 600 N ) = 290.19 N 2 ( 30 mm )
TAB = 290 N
Fy = 0:
or Right:
290.19 N 600 N + TCD = 0

TCD = 309.81 N TCD = 310 N
M G = 0:
or
( rp + rf ) TCD ( rp rf ) TEF
TEF =
=0
30 mm + 0.98058 mm ( 309.81 N ) = 330.75 N 30 mm 0.98058 mm

TEF = 331 N


Pulley FBDs: Left:
rp = 30 mm
rf = raxle sin k = raxle sin tan 1 k
= ( 5 mm ) sin tan 1 0.2 = 0.98058 mm

M C = 0: or
( rp + rf ) ( 600 N ) 2rpTAB = 0
TAB = 30 mm + 0.98058 mm ( 600 N ) = 309.81 N 2 ( 30 mm )
TAB = 310 N
Right: or
Fy = 0:
TAB 600 N + TCD = 0

TCD = 600 N 309.81 N = 290.19 N TCD = 290 N
M H = 0:
or
( rp rf ) TCD ( rp + rf ) TEF
TEF =
=0
30 mm 0.98058 mm ( 290.19 N ) 30 mm + 0.98058 mm

TEF = 272 N


FBD link AB: Note: That AB is a two-force member. For impending motion, the pin forces are tangent to the friction circles. r = sin 1 f 25 in. where
rf = rp sin s = rp sin tan 1 s
= (1.5 in.) sin tan 1 0.2 = 0.29417 in.

Then
= sin 1
0.29417 in. = 1.3485 12.5 in.

(b)
= 1.349
Rvert = R cos
Rhoriz = R sin
Rhoriz = Rvert tan = ( 50 kips ) tan1.3485 = 1.177 kips

(a) Rhoriz = 1.177 kips


FBD gate:
W1 = 66 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 647.46 N W2 = 24 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 235.44 N rf = rs sin s = rs sin tan 1 s
= ( 0.012 m ) sin tan 1 0.2 = 0.0023534 m

M C = 0:
( 0.6 m rf )W1 + ( 0.15 m rf ) P (1.8 m + rf )W2 = 0

P=
(1.80235 m )( 235.44 N ) ( 0.59765 m )( 647.46 N ) ( 0.14765 m )

P = 253 N !
= 253.2 N


It is convenient to replace the ( 66 kg ) g and ( 24 kg ) g weights with a single combined weight of
( 90 kg ) ( 9.81 m/s2 ) = 882.9 N,

right of B.
located at a distance x =
(1.8 m )( 24 kg ) ( 0.6 m )( 66 kg )
90 kg
= 0.04 m to the
rf = rs sin s = rs sin tan 1 s
= ( 0.012 m ) sin tan 1 0.2
= 0.0023534 m FBD pulley + gate:
= tan 1
= sin 1
rf OB = sin 1
0.04 m = 14.931 0.15 m
OB =
0.15 = 0.15524 m cos

then
0.0023534 m = 0.8686 0.15524 m
= + = 15.800
P = W tan = 249.8 N P = 250 N !


FBD gate:
W1 = 66 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 647.46 N

W2
2
( ) = 24 kg ( 9.81 m/s ) = 235.44 N

( )
*
= ( 0.012 m ) sin tan 1 0.2 = 0.0023534 m M C = 0:
( 0.6 m + rf )W1 + ( 0.15 m + rf ) P (1.8 m rf )W2 = 0

P=
(1.79765 m )( 235.44 N ) ( 0.60235 m )( 647.46 N )

0.15235 m
= 218.19 N P = 218 N !


It is convenient to replace the ( 66 kg ) g and ( 24 kg ) g weights with a single weight of
( 90 kg )( 9.81 N/kg ) = 882.9 N,

right of B. FBD pulley + gate:
located at a distance x =
(1.8 m )( 24 kg ) ( 0.15 m )( 66 kg )
90 kg
= 0.04 m to the
= ( 0.012 m ) sin tan 1 0.2
rf = 0.0023534 m
= tan 1
= sin 1
rf OB = sin 1
0.04 m = 14.931 0.15 m
OB =
0.15 m = 0.15524 m cos

then
0.0023534 m = 0.8686 0.15524 m
= = 14.062
P = W tan = 221.1 N P = 221 N !


FBD Each wheel:
rf = raxle sin = raxle sin tan 1
Fx = 0: Fy = 0:
P R sin = 0 4 R cos W =0 4 P W
rf rw
tan =
sin =
or =
P = W tan
but (a) For impending motion, use s = 0.12

sin = 0.5 in. sin tan 1 0.12 5 in.
raxle sin tan 1 rw
= 0.68267
P = W tan = ( 500 lb ) tan ( 0.68267 )

P = 5.96 lb
(b) For constant speed, use k = 0.08
sin =
1 sin tan 1 0.08 10
= 0.45691
P = ( 500 lb ) tan ( 0.45691 )

P = 3.99 lb


FBD Each wheel:
For equilibrium (constant speed) the two forces R and and opposite, tangent to the friction circle, so rf sin = where = tan 1 ( slope ) rw
W must be equal 2
sin tan 1 0.03 =
rB sin tan 1 k rw
rw = (12.5 mm )
sin tan 1 0.12

1
( sin ( tan
) = 49.666 mm 0.03)
d w = 99.3 mm

Chapter 8, Solution 90. FBD

M O = 0:
(8 in.) Q M
= 0,
Q=
M 8 in.
but, from equ. 8.9,
M =
2 2 7 in. k WR = ( 0.60 )(10.1 lb ) 3 3 2
= 14.14 lb so, Q= 14.14 , 8 Q = 1.768 lb

Eqn. 8.8 gives M =
3 3 2 R3 R1 1 D3 D1 s P 2 = s P 2 2 2 3 3 R2 R12 D2 D12
so
1 M = ( 0.15 )( 80 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 3
( 0.030 m )3 ( 0.024 m )3 ) ( 0.030 m )2 ( 0.024 m )2
M = 1.596 N m
Let the normal force on A be N , and As in the text The total normal force
N k = r A
F = N , M = r F
2 R k P = lim N = 0 0 rdr d A 0 r
P = 2 0 kdr = 2 kR The total couple
or
k =
P 2 R
k 2 R M worn = lim M = 0 0 r rdr d A 0 r

R
M worn = 2 k 0 rdr = 2 k or M worn = M new =
R2 P R2 = 2 2 2 R 2
1 PR 2 2 PR 3 [Eq. (8.9)]
1 2 2 3
Now
Thus
M worn = M new
PR 3 = = 75% PR 4
Let normal force on A be N , and As in the text The total normal force P is
N k = A r
F = N , M = r F
2 R k P = lim N = 0 R 2 rdr d 1 r A 0
P = 2 R 2 kdr = 2 k ( R2 R1 )
R
1
or
k =
P 2 ( R2 R1 )
The total couple is
k 2 R M worn = lim M = 0 R 2 r rdr d A 0 r 1

R2 R1
M worn = 2 k
( rdr ) = k (
2 R2
R12
)=
2 P R2 R12
2 ( R2 R1 )
M worn =
1 P ( R2 + R1 ) 2
Let normal force on A be N , and N = k A
N = k, A s = r sin
so
A = r s
where is the azimuthal angle around the symmetry axis of rotation Fy = N sin = kr r Total vertical force P = lim Fy
A 0
P = 0
R2 krdr R1
) d = 2 k
or k =
R2 rdr R1
2 P = k R2 R12
P
2 R2
R12
Friction force Moment
F = N = k A M = r F = r kr r sin
Total couple
2 R k M = lim M = 0 R 2 r 2dr d A 0 1 sin
M = 2
k R2 2 2 P R1 r dr = 3 sin 2 2 sin R2 R3
(R
3 2
3 R3
M =
3 3 2 P R2 R1 2 3 sin R2 R12

If normal force per unit area (pressure) of the center is PO , then as a function
r of r, P = PO 1 R r 2 R FN = W = PdA = 0 0 PO 1 rdrd R
2 R3 R2 2 R W = PO 0 d = 2 PO 2 3R 6
so PO = For slipping, dF = k ( PdA)
3W R2
r 2 R Moment = rdF = k PO 0 0 r 1 rdrd R

3 R4 R3 2 R d = 2 k PO = k PO 0 3 4R 12
so M = 2 k M O = 0:
3W R3 1 = k WR R 2 12 2
(8 in.) Q M
=0
1 7 in. ( 0.6 )(10.1 lb ) M 2 2 Q= = 8 in. (8 in.) Q = 1.326 lb

FBD pipe:
= sin 1
0.025 in. + 0.0625 in. = 1.00257 5 in.
P = W tan for each pipe, so also for total P = ( 2000 lb ) tan (1.00257 ) P = 35.0 lb

FBD disk:
tan = slope = 0.02

b = r tan = ( 60 mm )( 0.02 ) b = 1.200 mm

FBD wheel:
r = 230 mm b = 1 mm
= sin 1
b r
b P = W tan = W tan sin 1 for each wheel, so for total r
1 P = (1000 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 tan sin 1 230

P = 42.7 N

FBD wheel:
rf = raxle sin = raxle sin tan 1 ,

rw = rf sin + b tan
s or k
For small , sin
tan , so tan
rf + b rw
Fy = 0: Fx = 0:
R cos
W =0 4 P =0 4
R sin + P W
rf + b rw
Solving: tan =
so P = W tan = W (a) For impending slip, use s ,
0.5 in. 1 rf = sin tan 0.12 = 0.029786 in. 2
so P = ( 500 lb )
0.02986 in. + 0.25 in. = 55.96 lb 2.5 in.

P = 56.0 lb
(b) For constant speed, use k ,
0.5 in. 1 rf = sin tan 0.08 = 0.019936 in. 2
so P = ( 500 lb )
( 0.019936 + 0.25) in.

2.5 in.
= 53.99 lb
P = 54.0 lb

FBD wheel: For equilibrium (constant speed), R and and tangent to the friction circle as shown
W are equal and opposite 2
rf = raxle sin tan 1 k = (12.5 mm ) sin tan 1 0.12
rf = 1.48932 mm
From diagram, rw = For small , sin
rf sin
b tan rf + b tan
tan , so rw
tan = slope
rw =
1.48932 mm + 1.75 mm = 107.977 mm 0.03

d w = 216 mm

Two full turns of rope (a)
= 4 rad
s = ln
T2 T1 or
s =
ln
T2 T1
s =
1 20 000 N = 0.329066 ln 4 320 N
s = 0.329
(b)
=
=
ln
T2 T1
1 80 000 N ln 0.329066 320 N

= 16.799 rad
= 2.67 turns

FBD A:
WA = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N
Fx = 0:
TA WA sin 30 = 0,
TA =
WA 2
FBD B:
Fx = 0:
WB sin 30 TB = 0,
TB =
WB 2
(a) Motion of B impends up incline and mB = 8 kg
TA = es , TB
s =
= 1
ln
TA 1 W = ln A TB WB
ln
mA 3 10 kg = ln 8 kg mB
From hint, is not dependent on shape of support
s = 0.21309 s = 0.213
(b) For maximum mB , motion of B impend down incline
TB = es , TA
TB = TAe
0.21309
= 1.250TA
WB = 1.25WA and mB = 1.25 mA = 1.25 (10 kg )
mB max = 12.50 kg

FBD A:
Fx = 0:
TA WA sin 30 = 0,
TA =
WA 2
FBD B:
Fx = 0:
WB sin 30 TB = 0,
TB =
WB 2
For mB min , motion of B impends up incline And

0.50 TA = e 3 = 1.68809 TB
But
m A WA T = = A = 1.68809 mB WB TB
so mB min = 5.9238 kg
From hint, is not dependent on shape of C For mB max , motion of B impends down incline so
0.50 mB W T = B = B = e s = e 3 = 1.68809 mA WA TA
so mB max = 16.881 kg For equilibrium
5.92 kg mB 16.88 kg
= 1.5 turns = 3 rad

For impending motion of W up
P = We s = (1177.2 N ) e(
= 4839.7 N
0.15 )3
For impending motion of W down

0.15 3 P = We s = (1177.2 N ) e ( )
= 286.3 N
For equilibrium
286 N P 4.84 kN

Horizontal pipe: Vertical pipe
Contact angles H =
Contact angle V =
sH = 0.25
For P to impend downward,
sV = 0.2
P = e sH 2 Q = e sH 2 e sV R = e sH 2 e sV e sH 2 (100 lb )
+ Pmax = e ( sH sV ) (100 lb ) = (100 lb ) e0.45 = 411.12 lb
For 100 lb to impend downward, the ratios are reversed, so
100 lb = Pe0.45 ,
Pmin = 24.324 lb
So, for equilibrium,
24.3 lb P 411 lb

Horizontal pipe Vertical pipe
Contact angles H =
Contact angle V =
sH = 0.30
For Pmin , the 100 lb force impends downward, and
sV = ?
0.30 + sV ) ( 0.30 + sV ) =5 100 lb = e ( ( 20 lb ) , so e
(a) For Pmax the force P impends downward, and the ratios are reversed, (b) ( 0.30 + sV ) = ln 5
sV =
ln 5 0.30 = 0.21230
Hs
Vs
Vs
Hs
Hs
100 lb = e
R = e
)Q = e
) e
so
Pmax = 5 (100 lb ) = 500 lb
sV = 0.212

FBD motor and mount: Impending belt slip: cw rotation
T2 = T1e s = T1e0.40 = 3.5136 T1 M D = 0:
(12 in.)(175 lb ) ( 7 in.) T2 (13 in.) T1 = 0

2100 lb = ( 7 in.)( 3.5136 ) + 13 in. T1
T2 = 3.5136 T1 = 196.263 lb
T1 = 55.858 lb,
FBD drum at B:
M B = 0:
M B ( 3 in.)(196.263 lb 55.858 lb ) = 0
M B = 421 lb in.
r = 3 in.
(Compare to 857 lb in. using V-belt, Problem 8.130)

FBD motor and mount: Impending belt slip: ccw rotation
T1 = T2e s = T2e0.40 = 3.5136 T2 M D = 0:
(12 in.)(175 lb ) (13 in.) T1 ( 7 in.) T2

T1 = 3.5136 T2 = 140.072 lb
=0
2100 lb = (13 in.)( 3.5136 ) + 7 in. T2 = 0

T2 = 39.866 lb,
FBD drum at B:
M B = 0:
( 3 in.)(140.072 lb 39.866 lb ) M B
=0
M B = 301 lb in.

FBD lower portion of belt:
Fy = 0:
48 N N D = 0,
N D = 48 N
Slip on both platen and wood
FD = kD N D = 0.10 ( 48 N ) = 4.8 N FE = kE N E = ( 48 N ) kE
FBD Drum A (assume free to rotate)
Fx = 0:
TA TB 4.8 N kE ( 48 N ) = 0 TB = TA + 4.8 N + kE ( 48 N )
(1) (2)
M A = 0:
rA (TA TT ) = 0,
TT = TA
FBD Drive drum B
M B = 0:
M B + r (TT TB ) = 0
TB = TT + 2.4 N m = TT + 96 N 0.025 N
Impending slip on drum, TB = TT e s = TT e0.35 so TT + 96 N = TT e0.35 , TT = 47.932 N
TB = 143.932 N
From (2) above, TA = TT , so From (1) above, 143.932 N = 47.932 N + 4.8 N + kE ( 48 N ) So (b) (a)
Tmin lower = 47.9 N
kE = 1.900

FBD Flywheel:
M C = 0:
( 0.225 m )(TB TA ) 12.60 N m = 0

TB TA = 56 N, TB = TA + 56 N
Also, since the belt doesnt change length, the additional stretch in spring B equals the decrease in stretch of spring A. Thus the increase in TB equals the decrease in TA. Thus TB + TA = ( 70 N + T ) + ( 70 N T ) = 140 N
(TA + 56 N ) + TA
= 140 N,
TA = 42 N
TB = 42 N + 56 N = 98 N
(a)
TA = 42.0 N
TB = 98.0 N
For slip TB = TAe k , or k =
ln
TB TA
k =
ln
98 = 0.2697 42
(b)
k = 0.230

FBD Flywheel: Slip of belt: TB = TA e k = TA e0.20 Also, since the belt doesnt change length, the increase in stretch of spring B equals the decrease in stretch of spring A. Therefore the increase in TB equals the decrease in TA , and the sum is unchanged, so TA + TB = 80 N + 80 N = 160 N
TA 1 + e0.20 = 160 N, so TA = 55.663 N

TB = 104.337 N
(a)
TA = 55.7 N TB = 104.3 N
M C = 0:
( 0.225 m )(TB
TA ) M C = 0
M C = ( 0.225 m )(104.337 N 55.663 N )

(b) M C = 10.95 N m

FBD Lever:
M E = 0:
( 60 mm )( 240 N ) ( 40 mm ) FBD cos 30 = 0
FBD = 415.69 N
FBD Drum: Belt slip:
T2 = T1 e k
0.25( 5.5851)
= ( 415.69 N ) e
= 1679.44 N
M C = 0:
r (T2 T1 ) M = 0
=0
( 0.08 m )(1679.44 N 415.69 N ) M
M = 101.1 N m

FBD Drum: (a) With M E = 125 lb ft
M E = 0:
( 7 in.) (TA TC ) (125 lb ft ) = 0

0.30 76
TA TC = 214.29 lb
Belt slip: TA = TC e k = TC e so 2.0028 TC = 214.9 lb,
( )
= 3.0028 TC
TC = 106.995 lb
TA = 321.28 lb
FBD Lever:
M B = 0:
P=
(15 in.) P + ( 2 in.) TC ( 7.5 in.) TA = 0

17 in.
(1)
( 7.5 in.)( 321.28 lb ) ( 2 in.)(106.995 lb )

P = 129.2 lb
(b) With M E = 125 lb ft , the drum analysis will be reversed, and will yield TA = 106.995 lb,
TC = 321.28 lb
Eqn. (1) will remain the same, so
P=
( 7.5 in.)(106.995 lb ) ( 2 in.)( 321.28 lb )

17 in. P = 9.41 lb

FBD Lever: If brake is self-locking, no force P is required
M B = 0:
( 2 in.) TC ( 7.5 in.) TA = 0

TC = 3.75 TA
For impending slip on drum: TC = TA e s
e s = 3.75, or s =
With =
ln 3.75
7 , 6
s = 0.361

FBD Lever:
M B = 0:
( 40 mm ) TC (100 mm ) TA = 0,
TC = 2.5 TA
FBD Drum: (a) For impending slip ccw: TC = Tmax = 4.5 kN so
TA =
TC = 1.8 kN 2.5
M D = 0:
M D + ( 0.16 m )(1.8 kN 4.5 kN ) = 0
M D = 0.432 kN m M D = 432 N m
(b) For impending slip ccw, TC = TA e s or s =
ln
TC 3 ln 2.5 = 0.21875 = TA 4
s = 0.219

(a) For minimum mC with blocks at rest, impending slip of A is down/left. Note: s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.30 = 16.7 < 30, so mC min > 0 FBD A:
WA = ( 6 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 58.86 N Fy = 0:
N A WA cos 30 = 0,
N A = WA cos 30
Impending slip: FA = s N A = 0.30WA cos 30
Fx = 0:
FBD Drum:
TA + FA WA sin 30 = 0, TA = WA ( sin 30 0.30 cos 30 )

= 14.1377 N
If blocks dont move, belt slips on drum, so

0.2 0.87266 ) 14.1377 N = TA = TC e k = TC e ( = 1.19069 TC
so FBD C:
TC = 11.8735 N
Fy = 0:
NC WC cos 20 = 0,
NC = WC cos 20
Impending slip: FC = s NC = 0.30WC cos 20
Fx = 0:
0.30WC cos 20 + WC sin 20 11.8735 N = 0
WC = 19.0302 N,
mC =
WC = 1.93988 kg 9.81 m/s 2

mC = 1.940 kg
continued
(b) For motion of A to impend up/right FBD A: As in part (a) N A = WA cos 30, FA = 0.30WA cos 30
Fx = 0:
TA WA ( sin 30 + 0.30cos 30 ) = 0
TA = 44.722 N
Also, as in part (a) TA = TC e k = 1.19069 TC , so TC =
44.722 N 1.19069
TC = 37.560 N
FBD C: As in part (a) FC = 0.30WC cos 20
Fx = 0:
WC ( sin 20 0.30cos 20 ) 37.560 N = 0
WC = 624.83 N,
mC =
WC = 63.69 kg 9.81 m/s 2

mC = 63.7 kg
(c) For uniform motion of A up and B down, and minimum mC , there will be impending slip of the rope on the drum. FBD A is same as in (b) but FA = k N A = 0.20WA cos30 and
Fx = 0:
TA WA ( sin 30 + 0.20cos 30 ) = 0,
TA = 39.625 N
Drum analysis, with impending slip, TA = TC e s

39.625 N = TC e
0.30( 0.87266 )
= 1.29926 TC
or TC = 30.498 N FBD C is same as in (b), but FC = k NC = 0.20WC cos 20 and
Fx = 0:
WC ( sin 20 0.20 cos 20 ) TC = 0

WC = 30.498 N = 197.933 N, 0.154082 mC = 197.934 N 9.81 m/s 2
mC = 20.2 kg

Geometry and force rotation: Let
EBC = = cos 1 50 mm = 60 = 100 mm s DBE , FAE , GAE
Then contact angles are B = 360 120 = 240 = upper cylinder, and A = 30 = contact on lower cylinder. Let the force in section FC = TF Let the force in section DG = TG With A fixed and the cord moving,
0.25 6
4 rad for cord on 3
rad for each cord
TG = We k A = We
( )
= 1.13985W
For maximum W, slip impends on drum B, so
TB = TF e s B or TF = TG e s B
TF = 1.13985We
For slip at F
0.30 43
( )
= 0.32441W
W1 = TF e k A = 0.32441We
0.25 6
( )
= 0.36978W
so W = 2.7043W1 and m = 2.7043 in.
= 2.7043 ( 75 kg )
m = 203 kg

Geometry and force notation:
Note: = sin 1
r = 30 = rad, so contact angles are: 2r 6
C = D =
2 , 3
E =
(a) For all pulleys locked, slip impends at all contacts If WA impends downward, T1 = (16 lb ) e s E , T2 = T1e s D , WA = T2e s C
0.20( 73 ) + + so WA = (16 lb ) e s ( C D E ) = (16 lb ) e = 69.315 lb
If WA impends upward all ratios are inverted, so WA = (16 lb ) e
0.20 73
( )
= 3.6933 lb For equilibrium, (b) If pulley D is free to rotate, T1 = T2 while the other ratios remain as in (a)
0.20( 53 ) + For WA impending down WA = (16 lb ) e s ( C E ) = (16 lb ) e
3.69 lb WA 69.3 lb
WA = 45.594 lb For WA impending upward, WA = (16 lb ) e

0.2 53
( )
= 5.6147 lb For equilibrium 5.61 lb WA 45.6 lb

= sin 1
r = 30 = , so contact angles are: 2r 6
C = D =
2 , 3
E =
(a) D and E fixed, so slip on these surfaces. For maximum N A , slip impends on pulley C
WA = T2e s C , and T1 = T2e k D ,

so
(16 lb ) = T1e k E
k ( E + D ) s C
WA = (16 lb ) e
= (16 lb ) e
0.15 53
( )e0.20( 23 )
= 11.09 lb
(b) C and D fixed, so slip there. For maximum WA , slip impends on E so T1 = (16 lb ) e s E , T1 = T2e k D , T2 = WAe k C so WA = (16 lb ) e s E e
k ( C + D )
= (16 lb ) e0.20 e
0.15 43
( )
= 16 lb WA = 16.00 lb

= sin 1
5 in. = 30 = rad, so contact angles are: 10 in. 6
C =
5 2 = , D = + , 6 2 6 3
E =
(a) All pulleys locked with impending slip at all. If WA impends upward, T1 = WAe s C ,
T2 = T1e s D ,
WA = (16 lb ) e
(16 lb ) = T2e s E ,
s ( C + D + E )
so
3 0.20 5 + 4 + 6 6 6
= (16 lb ) e
WA = 4.5538 lb
If WA impends downward all ratios are inverted so WA = (16 lb ) e For equilibrium, (b) Pulley D is free to rotate so T1 = T2 , other ratios are the same If WA impends upward, WA = (16 lb ) e
s ( C + E ) +0.20( 2 )
= 56.217 lb
4.55 lb WA 56.2 lb
= (16 lb ) e
0.20 43
( )
WA = 6.9229 lb
If WA impends downward, ratios are inverted, WA = (16 lb ) e
+0.20 43
( )
WA = 36.979 lb
For equilibrium
6.92 lb WA 37.0 lb

= sin 1
5 in. = 30 = rad, so contact angles are: 10 in. 6
C =
5 2 = , D = + , 6 2 6 3
E =
(a) D and E fixed, so slip at these surfaces, For maximum WA , slip impends on C.
WA = T1e s C , T2 = T1e k D , 16 lb = T2e k E

so WA = (16 lb ) e
k ( D + E ) s C
= (16 lb ) e
0.15 76
( ) e0.20( 56 )
= 15.5866 lb WA max = 15.59 lb
(b) C and D fixed, so slip at these surfacesimpending slip on E
T1 = WAe k C , T2 = T1e k D ,
so WA = (16 lb ) e
k ( C + D ) s E e
T2 = (16 lb ) e s E
= (16 lb ) e
0.15 32
( ) e0.20( 2 )
WA max = 10.80 lb
WA = 10.8037 lb,

FBD drum B:
M B = 0:
( 0.02 m )(TA T ) 0.30 N m = 0

TA T = 0.30 N m = 15 N 0.02 m
Impending slip: TA = Te s = Te0.40 Solving; T e0.40 1 = 15 N
T = 5.9676 N
If C is free to rotate P = T
Pmin = 5.97 N

FBD drum B:
M B = 0:
( 0.02 m )(TA T ) 0.3 N m = 0

TA T = 15 N
Impending slip:
TA = Te s B = Te0.40
Solving, T e0.40 1 = 15 N
T = 5.9676 N
If C is frozen, tape must slip there, so
P = Te k C = ( 5.9676 N ) e
0.30 2
( )
= 9.5599 N
Pmin = 9.56 N
Chapter 8, Solution 124. FBD pin B:

(a) By symmetry:
2 Fy = 0: B 2 T =0 2 1
T1 = T2
or B= 2T1 = 2T2
(1)
Drum:
For impending rotation : T3 > T1 = T2 > T4 , so T3 = Tmax = 5.6 kN Then or and or T1 = T3e s L = ( 5.6 kN ) e T1 = 4.03706 kN = T2 T4 = T2e s R = ( 4.03706 kN ) e T4 = 2.23998 kN
0.25 34
0.25 + 4 6
( )
M F = 0: M 0 + r (T4 T3 + T2 T1 ) = 0 or M 0 = ( 0.16 m )( 5.6 kN 2.23998 kN ) = 0.5376 kN m
Lever:
(b) Using Equation (1) B= 2T1 =
M 0 = 538 N m
2 ( 4.03706 kN )
= 5.70927 kN M D = 0:
( 0.05 m )( 5.70927 kN ) ( 0.25 m ) P = 0

P = 1.142 kN
Chapter 8, Solution 125. FBD pin B:

(a) By symmetry:
2 Fy = 0: B 2 2 T1 = 0
T1 = T2
or B= 2T1
(1)
FBD Drum:
For impending rotation : T4 > T2 = T1 > T3 , so T4 = Tmax = 5.6 kN Then or and or T2 = T4e s R = ( 5.6 kN ) e T2 = 3.10719 kN = T1 T3 = T1e s L = ( 3.10719 kN ) e T3 = 2.23999 kN
0.25 + 4 6
0.25 34
( )
M F = 0: M 0 + r (T2 T1 + T3 T4 ) = 0
FBD Lever:
M 0 = (160 mm )( 5.6 kN 2.23999 kN ) = 537.6 N m
M 0 = 538 N m
(b) Using Equation (1) B= 2T1 = 2 ( 3.10719 kN )
B = 4.3942 kN M D = 0:
( 0.05 m )( 4.3942 kN ) ( 0.25 m ) P = 0

P = 879 N

FBD wrench:
Note: EC =
( 0.2 m ) ,
sin 65
EA = EC 0.03 m
= 65
so = 295 = 5.1487 rad
0.20 m 0.20 m 0.03 m F cos 65 0.03 m T = 0 sin 65 sin 65
T = 3.01408F N sin 65 + F cos 65 T = 0
sin 65 , so F = + cos 65 = T s s
M E = 0:
Fx = 0:
Impending slip: N =
or
sin 65
+ cos 65 = 3.01408
s = 0.3497
Must still check slip of belt on pipe
FBD small portion of belt at A:

Fn = 0:
N1 N 2 = 0 F2 = s N 2 F1 = F2 = F
Impending slip, both sides: F1 = s N1, so Ft = 0: 2 F TA = 0, TA = 2F
Impending slip of belt on pipe: T = TAe s or s = 1
ln
T 1 3.01408 = = 0.0797 ln 2F 5.1487 2
Above controls, so for self-locking, need
s = 0.350

FBD wrench
Note: EC =
( 0.20 m ) ,
sin 75
EA = EC 0.03 m
= 75
so = 285 = 4.9742 rad
M E = 0: 0.20 m 0.20 m 0.03 m F cos 75 0.03 m T = 0 sin 75 sin 75 T = 7.5056 F Fx = 0: N sin 75 + F cos 75 T = 0
sin 75 , so F = + cos 75 = T = 7.5056 F s s
Impending slip: N =
sin 75
+ cos 75 = 7.5056
s = 0.1333
Must still check impending slip of belt on pipe
FBD small portion of belt at A

Fn = 0: N1 N 2 = 0 F2 = s N 2 Impending slip F1 = s N1, so Ft = 0: F1 = F2 = F 2 F TA = 0, TA = 2 F
Impending slip of belt on pipe T = TAe s or s = 1
ln
T 1 7.5056 = = 0.2659 ln 2F 4.9742 2
This controls, so for self locking,
s min = 0.267
Fn = 0:
or
N T + (T + T ) sin =0 2
N = ( 2T + T ) sin Ft = 0:
(T + T ) T cos F = 0 2 F = T cos
F = s N
or Impending slipping: So
T cos
sin = s 2T sin + s T 2 2 2
or dT = s d T
In limit as
0: dT = sTd , dT
So
T2 T1 T = 0 s d ;
and
ln
T2 = s T1
or T2 = T1e s
Note: Nothing above depends on the shape of the surface, except it is assumed to be a smooth curve.

Small belt section: Side view: End view:
Fy = 0: Fx = 0: Impending slipping:
N sin T + (T + T ) sin =0 2 2 2
(T + T ) T cos F = 0 2
F = s N T cos 2T + T = s sin 2 2 sin 2
In limit as 0:
dT =
sTd
sin 2 dT
or
dT s = d T sin 2
So
T2 s T1 T = 0 d sin
or
ln
T2 = s T1 sin 2 T2 = T1e
s /sin 2
or

FBD motor and mount: Impending belt slip, cw rotation
s
T2 = T1e
sin 2
T2 = T1e sin18 = 58.356T1
( 0.40 )
M D = 0:
(12 in.)(175 lb ) (13 in.) T1 ( 7 in.) T2

2100 lb = 13 in. + ( 7 in.)( 58.356 ) T1
T2 = 58.356T1 = 290.75 lb
=0
T1 = 4.9823 lb,
FBD drum at B:
M B = 0:
M B + ( 3 in.)( 4.9823 lb 290.75 lb ) = 0

M B = 857 lb in.
(Compare to 421 lb in. using flat belt, Problem 8.107)

Geometry:
= sin 1
2 in. = 7.1808 = 0.12533 rad 16 in.
A = 2 = 2.8909 rad
Since B > A , impending slip on A will control the maximum couple transmitted FBD A:
M A = 0:
60 lb in. + ( 2 in.)(T1 T2 ) = 0
T2 T1 = 30 lb
Impending slip: T2 = T1e
sin 2
( 0.35)( 2.8909 ) so T1 e sin18 1 = 30 lb

T1 = 1.17995 lb T2 = 31.180 lb
FBD B:
Fx = 0:
P ( 31.180 lb + 1.17995 lb ) cos 7.1808 = 0

P = 32.1 lb

FBD block:
Fn = 0:
N (1000 N ) cos 30 ( 200 N ) sin 30 = 0 N = 966.03 N
Assume equilibrium:
Ft = 0:
F + ( 200 N ) cos 30 (1000 N ) sin 30 = 0 F = 326.8 N = Feq.
But
Fmax = s N = ( 0.3) 966 N = 290 N Feq. > Fmax impossible Block moves
and
F = k N = ( 0.2 )( 966.03 N )
Block slides down
F = 193.2 N
Chapter 8, Solution 133. FBD block (impending motion to the right)
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.25 ) = 14.036
P W = sin s sin ( s )
sin ( s ) =
W sin s P
W = mg
(a)
( 30 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 m = 30 kg: s = sin 1 sin14.036 120 N
= 36.499
= 36.499 + 14.036
(b)
m = 40 kg: s = sin
1
or = 50.5
( 40 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 120 N
) sin14.036

= 52.474 = 52.474 + 14.036 or = 66.5
Chapter 8, Solution 134. FBDs Top block:
(a) Note: With the cable, motion must impend at both contact surfaces. Fy = 0: Impending slip: Fx = 0: N1 40 lb = 0 N1 = 40 lb
F1 = s N1 = 0.4 ( 40 lb ) = 16 lb T F1 = 0 T 16 lb = 0 T = 16 lb
Bottom block:
Fy = 0: Impending slip:
N 2 40 lb 60 lb = 0
N 2 = 100 lb
F2 = s N 2 = 0.4 (100 lb ) = 40 lb P + 16 lb + 16 lb + 40 lb = 0
Fx = 0:
FBD blocks:
P = 72.0 lb
(b) Without the cable, both blocks will stay together and motion will impend only at the floor. Fy = 0: Impending slip: Fx = 0: N 40 lb 60 lb = 0 N = 100 lb
F = s N = 0.4 (100 lb ) = 40 lb 40 lb P = 0
P = 40.0 lb
Chapter 8, Solution 135. FBD ladder:
Motion impends at both A and B, so FA = s N A M A = 0: or Then Fx = 0: lN B NB = and or FB = s N B NB = a 7.5 ft W = W 2l 39 ft
a W =0 2
2.5 W 13 2.5W 13
FB = s N B = s FA +
5 12 FB NB = 0 13 13
s N A +
NA Fy = 0:
12.5
(13)
2
sW
30
(13)2
W =0
a = 7.5 ft l = 19.5 ft a 5 = l 13 b 12 = l 13
( 30 12.5s )
s
12 5 FB + NB = 0 13 13
(13)
NA W +
30 12.5 s W + 30 s + 12.5 =W 2 s (13)
or
2 s 5.6333 s + 1 = 0
s = 2.8167 2.6332
or
s = 0.1835
and
s = 5.45
The larger value is very unlikely unless the surface is treated with some non-skid material. In any event, the smallest value for equilibrium is s = 0.1835

FBD window:
T = ( 2 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 19.62 N =
W 2
Fx = 0: Impending motion:
M D = 0:
N A ND = 0
N A = ND
FA = s N A
FD = s N D
=0
( 0.36 m )W ( 0.54 m ) N A ( 0.72 m ) FA

W = 3 N A + 2 s N A 2
2W 3 + 4 s
W = ( 4 kg ) 9.81 m/s
) = 39.24 N
Fy = 0:
NA =
FA W + T + FD = 0 FA + FD = W T = W 2
Now Then or
FA + FD = s ( N A + N D ) = 2 s N A W 2W = 2 s 2 3 + 4 s
s = 0.750

FBD Collar:
Stretch of spring x = AB a =
a a cos
a 1 a = (1.5 kN/m )( 0.5 m ) 1 Fs = k cos cos 1 = ( 0.75 kN ) 1 = ( 750 N )( sec 1) cos Fy = 0: or Impending slip:
F = s N (F must be +, but N may be positive or negative)
Fs cos W + N = 0 W = N + ( 750 N ) (1 cos )
Fx = 0: or (a) = 20:
Fs sin F = 0 F = Fs sin = ( 750 N )( tan sin ) F = ( 750 N )( tan 20 sin 20 ) = 16.4626 N N = F
Impending motion: (Note: for
16.4626 N = 41.156 N 0.4
N < 41.156 N, motion will occur, equilibrium for
N > 41.156)
But
W = N + ( 750 N )(1 cos 20 ) = N + 45.231 N So equilibrium for W 4.07 N and W 86.4 N

F = ( 750 N )( tan 30 sin 30 ) = 58.013 N N = F
(b) = 30:
Impending motion:
58.013 = 145.032 N 0.4
W = N + ( 750 N )(1 cos 30 ) = N 145.03 N = 44.55 N ( impossible ) , 245.51 N Equilibrium for W 246 N

FBD pin C:
FAB = P sin10 = 0.173648P FBC = P cos10 = 0.98481P Fy = 0:

FBD block A:
N A W FAB sin 30 = 0 N A = W + 0.173648P sin 30 = W + 0.086824P
or Fx = 0: or
FA FAB cos 30 = 0 FA = 0.173648P cos30 = 0.150384P FA = s N A 0.150384 P 0.3
For impending motion at A: Then or Fy = 0: NA = FA
: W + 0.086824 P = P = 2.413W
N B W FBC cos 30 = 0 N B = W + 0.98481P cos30 = W + 0.85287 P
FBD block B:
Fx = 0:
FBC sin 30 FB = 0 FB = 0.98481P sin 30 = 0.4924 P
For impending motion at B: Then or NB = FB
FB = s N B : W + 0.85287 P = 0.4924P 0.3
P = 1.268W
Pmax = 1.268W
Thus, maximum P for equilibrium

s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.25 = 14.036
FBD block A:
R2 750 lb = sin104.036 sin16.928

R2 = 2499.0 lb
FBD wedge B:
P 2499.0 = sin 73.072 sin 75.964
P = 2464 lb P = 2.46 kips

Block on incline:
= tan 1
0.1 in. = 3.0368 2 ( 0.3 in.)
s = tan 1 s = tan 1 0.12 = 6.8428
Q = ( 500 lb ) tan 9.8796 = 87.08 lb

Couple on each side
M = rQ = ( 0.3 in.)( 87.08 lb ) = 26.12 lb in. Couple to turn = 2M = 52.2 lb in.

FBD pulley:
Fy = 0:
R 103.005 N 49.05 N 98.1 N = 0 R = 250.155 N
M O = 0:
( 0.12 m )(103.005 N 98.1 N ) rf ( 250.155 N ) = 0

rf = 0.0023529 m = 2.3529 mm rf rs
s = sin 1
s = tan s = tan sin 1

rf 1 2.3529 mm = tan sin rs 30 mm
s = 0.0787

FBD wheel:
M E = 0: or
M E + ( 7.5 in.)(T2 T1 ) = 0 M E = ( 7.5 in.)(T2 T1 )
FBD lever:
M C = 0: or Impending slipping: or So
( 4 in.)(T1 + T2 ) (16 in.)( 25 lb ) = 0

T1 + T2 = 100 lb T2 = T1e s
T2 = T1e
0.25 32
( )
= 3.2482T1
T1 (1 + 3.2482 ) = 100 lb T1 = 23.539 lb
and
M E = ( 7.5 in.)( 3.2482 1)( 23.539 lb ) = 396.9 lb in. M E = 397 lb in.
Changing the direction of rotation will change the direction of M E and will switch the magnitudes of T1 and T2 . The magnitude of the couple applied will not change.

FBD block:
Fn = 0: Ft = 0:
NC ( 200 lb ) cos 30 = 0; N = 100 3 lb TC ( 200 lb ) sin 30 FC = 0 TC = 100 lb FC (1)
FBD Drum:
where the upper signs apply when FC acts (a) For impending motion of block , FC , and
FC = s NC = 0.35 100 3 lb = 35 3 lb
So, from Equation (1): But belt slips on drum, so
TC = 100 35 3 lb
TC = WAe k
0.25( WA = 100 35 3 lb e
2 3
)
WA = 23.3 lb
(b) For impending motion of block , FC From Equation (1): Belt still slips, so
and FC = s NC = 35 3 lb
TC = 100 + 35 3 lb
0.25( WA = TC e k = 100 + 35 3 lb e
2 3
WA = 95.1 lb
continued

(c) For steady motion of block , FC Then, from Equation (1): , and FC = k NC = 25 3 lb
T = 100 + 25 3 lb.
Also, belt is not slipping on drum, so

0.35( WA = TC e s = 100 + 25 3 lb e
2 3
WA = 68.8 lb

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COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

(a) For smallest WB , slip impends up the incline, and

F = s N = 0.35WB cos30 Fx = 0: F 25 lb + WB sin 30 = 0

( 0.35cos30 + sin 30 )WB = 25 lb

( sin 30 0.35cos30 )WB = 25 lb

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Tension in cord is equal to WA = 40 lb from FBDs of block A and pulley. (a)

Fmax = s N = 0.35 ( 47.128 lb ) = 16.495 lb Fx = 0: Feq 40 lb + ( 52 lb ) sin 25 = 0

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

N = 78.503 N Fmax = s N = ( 0.30 )( 78.503 N ) = 23.551 N

( 40 N ) cos 20 ( 98.1 N ) sin 20 F = 0

Feq = 4.0355 N < Fmax , F = Feq

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

N ( 98.1 N ) cos 20 + ( 62.5 N ) sin15 = 0 N = 76.008 N

Fmax = s N = ( 0.30 )( 76.008 N ) = 22.802 N

( 62.5 N ) cos15 ( 98.1 N ) sin 20 F = 0

Feq = 26.818 N > Fmax

Fslip = x N = ( 0.25 )( 76.008 N ) = 19.00 N

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

N ( 98.1 N ) cos 20 + P sin 25 = 0 P cos 25 ( 98.1 N ) sin 20 + F = 0

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

0.3 ( 220 sin + 196.2cos ) N = ( 220 cos ) N (196.2sin 35 ) N

220cos 66sin = 160.751

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 8, Solution 7. FBD Block:

s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.25 ) = 14.036

(a) Note: For minimum P, So and

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

For impending motion. s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.40 )

Note 1,2 = 1,2 s From force triangle:

15 lb 33.854 sin ( 21.801 ) = 10 lb 146.146

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 8, Solution 10.

FBD E with pulley:

s = tan 1 s = tan 1 ( 0.35 ) = 19.2900

From force triangle,

= sin 1 ( 2sin19.2900 ) + 19.2900 60.64

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 8, Solution 11.

F = s N = 0.40 ( 490.5 N ) = 196.2 N

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 8, Solution 12.

FBD top block:

F1 = s N1 = ( 0.40 )W1 cos15 = 0.38637 W1

F1 = 75.806 N FBD bottom block:

T F1 W1 sin15 = 0 T = 75.806 N + 50.780 N = 126.586 N

W2 = ( 30 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 294.3 N Fy = 0 : N 2 (189.515 N ) cos (15 ) 294.3 N + ( 75.806 N ) sin15 = 0

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 8, Solution 13.

F1 = 3.2 lb ( 0.2 ) T sin Fx = 0: F1 T cos = 0 N 2 N1 24 lb = 0,

10 lb = 0.4 N1 + 4.8 lb, Then Then F1 = s N1 = ( 0.2 )(13 lb ) = 2.6 lb

T sin = 3.0 lb T cos = 2.6 lb

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 8, Solution 14.

Note: Slip must impend at both surfaces simultaneously.

N 2 ( 20 lb + 40 lb ) cos ( 5 lb ) sin = 0 N 2 = ( 60 lb ) cos ( 5 lb ) sin

F2 = s N 2 = ( 0.25 )( 60cos 5sin ) lb

COSMOS: Complete Online Solutions Manual Organization System

Chapter 8, Solution 15.

W = ( 40 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 392.4 N

EF = EG 0.5 m = 0.64286 m (a)