Pathophysiology Non-Modifiable Factors Gender Age Heredity Modifiable Factors Diet Lifestyle Nephrotoxins

CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS Repeated Inflamation Glomeruli becomes scarred/totally obliterated and tubules atrophied Glomruli and Renal capsules become infiltrated with lymphocytes and plasma cells Ischemia, loss of nephrons, shrinkage of kidney Impaired/sluggish renal blood flow Decreased Renal Reserves Damage to Nephrons Renal insufficiency Increased BUN Dilute polyuria Dehydration Decreased glomerular filtration Hypertrophy of remaining nephrons Inability to concentrate urine Further loss of nephron function Loss of nonexcretory renal function Failure to convert inactive forms of calcium DEC. Calcium absorption Failure to produce eryhtropoietin Anemi/Pallor Impaired insulin action Erratic blood glucose levels Production of lipids Advanced atherosclerosis Immune disturbances Delayed wound healing Infection DEC.Libido/Infertility Disturbances in reproduction
2 a

Increased creatinine Loss of sodium in urine Decreased potassium exretion Hyponatremia Increased potassium

1 Hypocalcemia Osteodystrophy Decreased sodium reabsorption in tubule Water Retention Hypertension HeartFailure Edema

2 a

Loss of excretory renal function Decreased potassium excretion

Excretion of nitrogenous waste Dec. Uremia Inc. BUN, Inc. Creatinine Inc. Uric Acid

Decreased phosphate excretion

Decreased hydrogen excretion

Metabolic acidosis Hyprkalemia Hyperphosphatemia Decreased calcium absorption Hypocalcemia

Proteniuria

Peripheral nerve changes Pericarditis CNS changes Pruritus Altered Taste Bleeding Tendencies

Hyperparathyroidism

Excretion of nitrogenous waste

Hyperkalemia

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis

UTI

Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the ureter UTI Pyelonephritis

UTI Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the ureter UTI Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the ureter UTI Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the ureter UTI Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the ureter UTI

Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the ureter UTI Pyelonephritis