Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Map projection: transferring features of the globe onto the flat surface of a map
Mercator projection: type of projection where the compass bearings are
correct, but the land masses, distances and areas are distorted.
(marine charts)
Equal-area projection: map projection where all land masses are accurate
in relation to each other.
Winkel Tripel projection: best map projection for providing balance of
shape and size.
Basic features of a map: Title, legend, scale, date of publication, direction,
borders.
Scale: measurement on a map that represents an actual distance on the Earth’s
surface.
Large-scale maps: large amount of detail in a small area; < 1:50 000; used
for planning, hiking, and military purposes.
Small-scale maps: small amount of detail in a small area; > 1:250 000;
used for political, physical, and economic information.
Types of Maps
General-purpose maps: provides many types of information on one map.
Such as bodies of water, roads, parks, elevations, railway lines, towns
and cities.
Thematic maps: designed to show information on a particular topic.
Topographic maps: use symbols to represent a variety of features.
Area symbols: represent an area through shading and coloured
patterns.
Line symbols: represent features which are linear, like roads.
Point symbols: represent features which occupy a single point.
Special interest!
Interpreting the map: know how to measure and convert a scale into real
distance and how to follow lines of elevation.
Special Interest!
Straight line distance: If the directions are the same, subtract, then
multiply by 111 km; if the directions are different, add, then multiply by
111 km.