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Transit Oriented Development

in new cities of India !
November, 2012 ! ! ! ! EMBARQ India "

Our Challenge"
If we want to achieve the 2 degree target we need to limit per capita emission to 2t CO2 eqv. (IPCC 2007).

Transport

460 kg CO2 per capita/year

Source: Bongardt 2010

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Our Challenge"
"

Urban mode share is not coupled with economic growth"

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1999, Bogota Columbia

2009, Ahmedabad - India

6

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Cities with BRT/Bus Corridors

25 125
Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -China Jaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UK Joo Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - Colombia Estado Mxico - Mxico; Lima - Per; Brampton - Canada Bogot TransMilenio Los Angeles Metrorapid Curitiba

20
15

100
17 16 13 75

10
5 1 0 1970 1975 1 2 1 0 11

8 5 1 1985 2 1 1990 1 2 11 11 2 5 4

888

50
25 0

1980

1995

2000

2005

2010

Source: EMBARQ BRT/Bus Corridors Database, January, 2011

The Avoid-Shift-Improve Strategy"

SHIFT towards lower emiVng modes of transport AVOID the distance or number of trips
BENEFITS Air quality, health, safety, climate, economy, development, etc.

IMPROVE technological and operaWonal eciency of vehicles

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Avoid: Transit Oriented Development"

NON-MOTORISED TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT

Image Source: CTS Mexico

PUBLIC SPACES DENSITY AND MIXED USES URBAN FORM PARKING, DEMAND MANAGEMENT AND ROAD SAFETY

PARTICIPATORY PLANNING

Avoid Strategy: Integration of Transport & Landuse in Master Plans

Today
Automobility

2041
Sustainable Transport

Population (millions) Trips (millions/yr) Area (Sq. Km.) Emissions (million Tons CO2/yr) Traffic Fatalities (per yr)

5.4 5.6 1330 0.33

13.2 39.75 6484 12.32

13.2 39.75 3242 1.97

175

5,232

1,225

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1. Hubli-Dharwad| TOD along BRT Corridor | Karnataka - India

Hubli-Dharwad BRT Corridor "

Dharwad!

Navanagar! Hubli!

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Navanagar: Proposed Landuse in Master Plan"

STUDY AREA BOUNDARY BRT BUS STOP KHB LAYOUT GOVT. OFFICES TECH PARK NAVANAGAR TOWN APMC CANCER HOSPITAL AMARGOL VILLAGE PRIVATE PROPERTIES COMMERCIAL AREAS OPEN SPACES

TOD Workshop Discussing Opportunities for Navanagar"

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Promoting public life and social interactions through safe and attractive public spaces"

5.2
Proposed land use zoning

Increase BRT ridership through Multi-modal Integration and Station Area Design"

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Safe and seamless movement of people through Complete Streets and Mobility Networks"

TOD Principles Transit!

ExisTng SituaTon BRT proposed along PuneBangalore Road! Navanagar has no pedestrian & bicycle infrastructure!

Notes Need for feeder service to increase accessibility to & from BRT! Continuous barrier free NMT network with pedestrian priority zones.! Interconnected public spaces with pedestrian walkways & bicycle lanes!

NMT!

Public Spaces!

Public spaces allocated in housing layouts and along the corridor. !

Density!

Low residential density with Gradation of density proposed.! FAR consumed less than half of permissible limit. ! Single use generally observed. ! Mixed use encouraged. ! Very low trafc volumes. ! Utilizing RoW effectively to achieve complete streets. ! Arrived at multiple design proposals with multiple stakeholders. !

Mixed Use! Demand Management, Parking & Road Safety! Participation!

No participation.!

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2. Sector Design |Bus Rapid Transit | Naya Raipur

Naya Raipur"

Naya Raipur would be a planned and designed new city of the 21st century to be a focus of socioeconomic and cultural life of the state of Chhattisgarh having its role and recognition at national and international levels.! ! Important components include: ! Modern mass transit system, coupled with a city wide pedestrian corridor linking all major urban activities.! A visually pleasing cityscape in tune with the aesthetic principles of urban design and landscaping, Pedestrian friendly neighbourhoods !

Source: NRDA!

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TOD in Naya Raipur"

Various parameters of analysis of an existing sector to understand strengths / weaknesses "

FSI and densities "

Road network and hierarchy"

Urban Form "

Land use "

Open space/ public space"

Dwelling unit density "

Junction hierarchy "

TOD in Naya Raipur"

m 800

800 m

EXISTING SECTORAL DIVISION

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TOD in Naya Raipur"

LOCATION OF BRT STATION WITH RANGE OF PROXIMITIES

TOD in Naya Raipur"

LAYING THE PEDESTRIAN GRID AND EXISTING NATURAL FEATURES

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TOD in Naya Raipur"

HIGHEST DENSITY CLOSEST TO BRT STATION

TOD in Naya Raipur"

GRADATION OF DENSITY FROM THE TRANSIT POINT

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TOD in Naya Raipur"

GREEN CORRIDOR ALONG NATURAL FEATURES

TOD in Naya Raipur"

DEMARCATING OPEN SPACE HIERARCHY AS PER NATURAL FEATURES

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TOD in Naya Raipur"

DEMARCATING CROSS SPINES WITH THE BUILT EDGE

TOD in Naya Raipur"

DEMARCATING SECTOR EDGES AND CORNERS WITH MEDIUM DENSITY

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TOD in Naya Raipur"

DEMARCATING SECTOR EDGES WITH MEDIUM DENSITY

TOD in Naya Raipur"

MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL TOWARDS THE BRT CORRIDOR

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TOD in Naya Raipur"

LOWEST DENSITY RESIDENTIAL AWAY FROM THE BRT CORRIDOR

Naya Raipur Comparative Indicators"

Original Design Proposed Design

BRT

Sto p

BR T S top

Criteria " Transit station adjacent density ! Transit corridor density ! Transit adjacent mixed use ! 5 min walk distance to transit stop ! Walk trip distance to amenities ! Hierarchy of greens ! Population accommodated in sector! Connectivity across quadrants ! Legibility of urban form !

Original Design" 100 ppH! 300 ppH! 20%! 30% population! 5 to 10 mins! Centrally concentrated ! 11,000! Poor ! Poor!

Proposed Design " 600 ppH! 500 ppH! 50%! 50% population ! 2 to 5 mins ! Well distributed ! 80% ! 15,000! Good ! Good!

Natural features and contour conservation! 50% !

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TOD Principles" Transit! NMT!

Existing Situation" Bus Rapid Transit corridor proposed along Sector .! Poor access to the BRT station. No physical planning for transfer to feeders. No special treatment / lanes for bicycles.! Centrally planned and not evenly distributed.! Density does not correspond with proximity to the BRT corridor. !

Notes " Sector designed to provide direct access to BRT station. ! Continuous barrier free pedestrian and bicycle pathways towards BRT station.! Well distributed hierarchy of public spaces. Utilize existing natural features and contours. ! Gradation of density proposed. !

Public Spaces!

Density!

Mixed Use!

Limited mixed use permitted but Suggest type and increase in mixed allocation not specied. ! uses close to the BRT station and along intersectoral roads.! 1.67 ECS per 100sqm. No strategy for demand management. ! No participation. ! DCRs assessed and recommendations suggested. Improve safety through street design. ! Arrived at multiple design proposals with multiple stakeholders.!

Demand Management, Parking & Road Safety!

Participation!

THE EMBARQ NETWORK"

The EMBARQ global network catalyses environmentally and nancially sustainable transport solu?ons to improve quality of life in ci?es.

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Thank you"
1. Navanagar, Hubli Dharwad Transit Station Area Masterplan! 2. Indiranagar, Bangalore Metro Accessibility! 3. MIDC, Mumbai Improving Quality of Built Environment! 4. Adarsh Palm Retreat, Godrej Garden City - Residential Townships! 5. Sector 30, Naya Raipur Greeneld Sector Planning!
Mumbai Ahmedabad Naya Raipur

CiTes

Hubli - Dharwad

Bangalore

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