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MYANMAR
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PRESENTATION OUTLINES
1. Myanmar human trafficking situation and your Department s to combat it. 2. On going bilateral agreements. 3. Effect of cross border road and transport development in human trafficking. 4. Recommendations to the Transport sector.

Myanmar human trafficking situation and Department s effort to combat it.

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SHARING BORDERS WITH FIVE NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES 6129 Km

1331 km

INDIA
2192 km

China Laos Thailand Bangladesh India Coastline

2192 km 224 km 2096 km 256 km 1331 km 2276 km

CHINA
256 km 224 km

Area

676,577 sq Km 2276 km 2096 km

Union of Myanmar
States & Divisions (Regions) - 14 Districts - 63 Townships - 324 Population (about) - 60 millions Female - 50.3% Male - 49.7% Child - 44.1%

National Races
Over 135 national races 8 Major ethnic groups; - Kayin - Kayah - Kachin - Chin - Mon - Bamar - Rakhine - Shan
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HUMAN TRAFFICKING
Background
1. 2. 3. 4. Myanmar authorities noticed the TIP issue 15 years ago.

Economic disparity between 5 of neighboring countries are one of the push factors for illegal cross border. According to the IOM data was at most of 1 million migrated to Thailand and 100,000 migrated to China from Myanmar. Myanmar is a source country of human trafficking and illegal migration mainly for China and Thailand.

Types of TIP Cases in Myanmar

Trafficking women and children for commercial sexual exploitation and sexual entertainment. Trafficking men, women and children for labor exploitation. Trafficking women for forced marriage. Trafficking young children for forced adoption.

National Policy

Myanmar views TIP as a grave concern; and so adopted Anti-Human Trafficking Measures as National Cause in 1997. Has established comprehensive framework, included legislation, Plan of Action, Bilateral and Multilateral cooperation. Myanmar is in the process of drafting National Plan of Action to be in compliance with the MoUs signed under CTOC and COMMIT. Myanmar has established a five years plan in combating human trafficking under five components: ( P4C ) Policy and Cooperation Prevention Protection Prosecution Capacity Building
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Established 23 ATTFs on the Hot Spot Areas

MyintyiNa Bhamaw LweJe Kalay INDIA Mandalay Maungdaw BANGLADESH Sittwe TaungGyi Meikthila Magawe Bago Yangon Pathein Muse Lashio CHINA

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Laukking Chinshwehaw Kyaing Tong Tachileik

Myawady THAILAND

Mawlamying

Dawei

Kawthaung

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Ranong

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Review of Myanmar s Human Trafficking(2008-2011)

Cases Perpetrators Victims 777 2164 1305 (China-780,Thai-483,Indo-16,Mala-15,Other-2)

65% Traffickers 85% victims were females.

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On going bilateral agreements

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Regional Cooperation
Cooperation with ASEAN Member Countries, Cooperation with GMS Countries (COMMIT Process)

Cooperation with inter ARTIP Project Countries Bilateral Cooperation " Myanmar- Thailand " Myanmar- China
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MYANMAR CHINA BILATERAL COOPERATION

MoU for Joint Combat Transnational Crime and Peace for border Areas was signed between MPS and MOHA since 2001 MoU Signed for Combating Human Trafficking in 11 November 2009.
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Two Traffickers Handed 0ver by Chinese Police

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MYANMAR THAILAND BILATERAL COOPERATION

MoU Signed for Combating Human Trafficking in 24 April 2009.

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Victims of trafficking being transferred at the Myanmar -Thailand border (8-10-2011) 17

International Co operations

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1.Ratification on UNCTOC, CEDAW, UNCRC Convention and their Protocols. 2.Bali process/concord. 3.ASEAN declaration on SUMMIT, AMMTC, SOMTC and collaboration with AMC on Hanoi Plan Action (HPA) to combat transnational crimes. 4.COMMIT process, ARTIP project, Bilateral cooperation with CHINA and Thailand. 5.Cooperation with UN agencies such as international organizations and civil societies. UNIAP, UNICEF, UNODC,

6.Established BLO mechanism at grassroot level cooperation with neighboring countries.

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Effect of cross border road and transport development in human trafficking.

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Trade Types
Border Trade

Normal Trade
CURRENT FLOW TO MYANMAR Groceries

Electronic Apparatus Medicines Chemicals Vehicles

DISADVANTAGES

Drugs Chemical-precursors Human Arms Smuggling Transmit Diseases

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CHALLENGES
Illegal routes and transport Low qualified properties Counterfeit Currency Illegal migrants Extension of cases

Routes of Trafficking
MYITKYINA LOIJAY (46) (2) RUILI

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ANHUI

TAMU
BANGLADESH INDIA-2

CHINA 213 cases Kunming

MANDALAY

MUSE (167)

VIETNAM

KYANGTONG MOUNGTAW (2) MAGWE PEGU

TACHILEIK( 82)
LAO

YANGON

MYAWADY (144)
Mae Sot THAILAND 348 cases Bangkok

MOULMEIN

KAWTHOUNG (179)

Hat Yai MALAYSIA

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Means of cross border transport

Legal Transportation - legal check point - By vehicles ( cars, motorcycles, bicycles) - On foot Illegal Transportation ( jungle passages) - motorcycles, bicycles - Ferry/ boats - On foot

Myanmar-Thailand cross border

(Mekhong River)

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Recommendations to the Transport sector

Improve the infrastructure; Road construction, Electricity, health, schools Improve the knowledge of the people through awareness and education campaigns. Create job opportunities Enhance cooperation with international organizations and civil societies. Strengthen cooperation between neighboring countries to have effective policies, strategies, and networks in protecting the victims and preventing the trafficking.

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CONCLUSION Multilateral efforts to combat all forms of Human Trafficking. Government, UN Agencies, civil societies and our partners. Our goal is to protect and support the human beings.

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Thank You

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