XANTHINE ALKALOIDS Coffee SCIENTIFIC NAME Coffea Arabica C.

liberica FAMILY NAME Rubiaceae SYNONYMS Caf Coffee Bean Coffee Seed Bitchy nut Kola nut Cola Bissy nut PARTS USED Dried ripe seeds CONSTITUENTS Caffeine Trigonelline Tannin Caffeol Caffeine Theobromine Kolatannin kola red USES Dietetic Stimulant Diuretic Treatment for CNS depressants Stimulant in fatigue Ingredient in carbonated beverages Mild chronotropic activity Suppresses hunger, thirst, morning sickness and migraines when chewed Stimulant Astringent Antioxidant

Kola

Kola nitida

Sterculiaceae

Dried cotyledone

Tea

Comellia sinensis

Theaceae

Tsha Tsaa Thea

Leaves Leaf buds

Cocoa

Theobroma cacao

Sterculiaceae

Chocolate Cocoa bean

Dried ripe seed

Caffeine Theine)m Adeninem Theobromine Theophylline Epigallocatechin Theobromine Caffeine

Weak stimulant Potent diuretic Smooth muscle relaxant GV stimulant Coronary dilator Antioxidant Increases analgesic effects of ASA Anti-mitotic agent Anti-gout Source of Atropine Treatment of asthma (cigarette form) Anti-asthma (cigarette form) Antispasmodic Mydriatic Narcotic Ophthalmic practice Antidote for atropine poisoning Increase irrigation of the eye and released pressure Relief dry mouth due to neck and throat cancer

ALKALOIDAL AMINES Colchicum TROPANE ALKALOIDS Stramonium

Colchicum autumnate Dotura stramonium

Liliaceae Solanaceae Jimson Weed Jameston Weed Thornapple Katsobong Talong punay Belladonna

Dried ripe seeds Corm Dried leaf Flowering tops Fruiting branch with branches Dried leaves Flowers Seeds Fruits Dried leaflets

Colchicine Hyoscamine Scopolamine (Hyoscine) Hyoscyamine Scopolamine Atropine

Talumpunay (Belladonna)

Datura alba D. metel D. fastuosa

Solanaceae

IMIDAZOLE ALKALOIDS Pilocarpus

Pilocarpus jaborandi

Rutaceae

Jaborandi Indian Hemp

Pilocarpine Isopilocarpine Pilocarpidine Pilosine

INDOLE ALKALOIDS Calabar bean (Physostigma)

Physostigma venerosum

Fabaceae

Ordeal Bean Physostigma

Dried ripe seeds

Nux vomica

Strychno nux-vomica

Loganiaceae

Quaker button Dog button Poison nut

Dried ripe seed

Physostigmine Eserine Esramine Isophysostigmine Calabatine Calabacine Pysovenine Geneserine Strychnine (Most active) Brucine Loganine (Glycoside)

Myotic Reverses effect of some sedative Slight improvement in Alzheimers disease

Ignatia Ergot

Strychnos ignatil Claviceps purpurea

Loganiaceae Clavicipitaceae

St. Ignatius Bean Ignatius poison nut Cathalogan Spurred rye Cockspur rye Rye smut

Dried ripe seed Dried sclerotium

Strychnine Brucine Ergoline alkaloids Ergotoxine Ergotamine Ergonovine Cephaeline Emetine Psychotrine Emetamine Hydrastine Berberine Canadine Protoberberine

Formerly used as circulatory stimulant and rat poison Respiratory stimulant (poisoning) Improves appetite and digestion Barbuturate agonist (antidote) Used as poison arrow Used in labor to assist delivery Reduce post-partum hemorrhage Expectorant Emetic Treatment for amoebic dysentery Astringent in inflammation of mucous membrane To check uncontrolled uterine hemorrhage Bitter stomachic Treatment of catarrhal conditions of genitourinary tract Circulatory stimulant Menstrual regulator Colombine Alkaloid Glucoside Picroretine Berberine

ISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS Ipecac Cephaelis ipecacuanha (Rio) C. ocuminate (Cartagena) Hydrastis Hydrastis Canadensis

Rubiaceae

Rio Ipecac Brazilian Cartagena Ipecac Panama Ipecac Golden steal Orange root

Dried rhizome Roots Dried rhizome Roots

Ranunculaceae

Kasubha Makabuhay

Carthamus tinctorius Tinospora crispa Cocculus cordifolius Menispermum crispum

Asteraceae Menispermaceae

Safflower Spanish saffron Tagua Heavenly Elixir

Flowers Stems Leaves

Carthamine Cordial Tonic Ingredient in cocktails

PYRIDINE-PIPERIDINE ALKALOIDS Areca Areca catechu

Arecaceae

Areca nut Betel nut Benga Grenadiet Cartagenian apple Granada Maladita Yesterday, today, and tomorrow

Dried ripe seed

Pomengranate bark (Granada)

Punica granatum

Punicaceae

Dried bark of stem Roots

Arecoline (liquid alkaloid) Arecaidine Guavacine Guvacoline Pelletierene (liquid) Pseudopelletierene Methylisopelletierene

Anthelmintic Veterinary practive Vernicide Taenifuge Anthelmintic (tapeworm) Topically for hemorrhoids

Sibakong Niog-niogan

Rauwolfia amsoniafolia Quisqualis indica

Apocynaceae Combretaceae

Young buds Seeds Dried nuts Leaves Quisqualic acid Quisqualic A Oleic acid Palmitic acid Sitosterol Rutin Trigonelline L-proline L-aspargine Pelargonidin-3 glucoside Mimosine

Stomach disorders of young babies Anthelmintic (deworming)

Ipil-ipil

Leucaena leucocephala

Fabaceae

Santa Elena Lead tree

Dried seeds

Paminta

Piper nigrum

Arecaceae

Pepper

Roots Leaves Seeds

Piperine Alkamides Piptigrine Wisanine Dipiperamide D Dipiperamide E Oleoresin Volatile oil Starch gum

Coffee substitute Emollient (roasted seeds) Intestinal parasitism Emmenagogue Abortifacient Rid of round worms Spice Condiment Preservative

STEROIDAL ALKALOIDS Veratrum viride

Veratrum viride

Liliaceae

American hellebore Green hellebore

Dried rhizome Roots

Aconite

Aconitum napellus

Ranunculaceae

Mockshood Wolfsbane Root Soldiers cup

Dried tuberous root

Esters of steroidal bases (alkamines): cevadine germidine germitrine neogermitrine Glucoside of alkamines pseudojervine veratrosine Alkamines germine jervine rubijervine Aconitine Mesoaconitine Hypaconitine Neopeliine Napelline Neoline Quinine Quinidine

Hypotensive Cardiac depressant Sedative Diuretic Antispasmodic

Potent quick-acting poison Hypotensinve Cardiac depressant

QUINOLINE ALKALOIDS Cinchona

Cinchona succirubra (Red) C. calisaya (Yellow)

Rubiaceae

Jesuits bark Peruvian bark

Dried bark of stem Roots

Dita

Alstonia scholaris

Apocynaceae

Tangitan Dalipaoen

Dried bark

Ditaine Ditamine Equitnine

Quiniline: antimalarial Quinidine: proph of cardiac arrhythmias Treatment of A. Fb. Astringent Gargle Thalleioquin test Effective substance for quinine Antipyretic