IX.

DRUG STUDY

NAME

OF

DOSE 0.1m g IM

CLASSIFICATION
ANTICHOLINERGIC

DRUG

GENERIC NAME:
ATROPINE

SULFATE BRAND NAME: Atropine

MECHANISM OF ACTION Blocks acetylcholine effects on prostaglandi n cholinergic receptors in smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, exocrine glands, urinary bladder, and the AV and SA nodes in the heart.

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE EFFECTS Dry mouth Urinary hesitancy Flushing Constipation Nausea and vomiting

Atropine Contraindicated sulfate is in patients who given has asthma parenterall y as a pre anesthetic medication to decrease salivation and bronchial secretions.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY Increase fluids to ensure hydration and diminish constipating effects. Encourage mother to breastfeed. Monitor the I&O of the patient.

NAME

OF DRUG

DOSE

CLASSIFICATION
ANALGESIC

GENERIC NAME: 100m PARACETAMOL g IV q 4 x 6 BRAND NAME: doses AEKNIL

MECHANISM OF ACTION Relieves pain by inhibiting prostaglandi n synthesis at the CNS but does not haves antiinflammatory action because of its minimal effect of peripheral prostaglandi n synthesis

INDICATION
S

CONTRAINDICATION Contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to tartrazine

SIDE EFFECTS Drowsiness Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Rash

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY Provide safety Notify physician for any complications

Relief of mild to moderate pain

NAME

OF DRUG

DOSE

CLASSIFICATION

MECHANISM

OF

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

SIDE

NURSING

GENERIC NAME: 450mg CEFTRIAXONE in 60cc D5W BRAND NAME: to run ROCEPHIN for 1hr OD

CEPHALOSPORIN GENERATION

RD

ACTION Ceftriaxone works by inhibiting the mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall. The beta-lactam moiety of Ceftriaxone binds to carboxypepti dases, endopeptidas es, and transpeptidas es in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. These enzymes are involved in cell-wall synthesis and cell division. By binding to these enzymes, Ceftriaxone results in the

Ceftriaxon e for Injection and Dextrose Injection should be used only to treat or prevent infections

EFFECTS Ceftriaxone is Pain contraindicated in induration patients with and known allergy to tendernes the cephalosporin s class of rash antibiotics. diarrhea nausea or Neonates (28 vomiting days)

RESPONSIBILITY Determine hypersensitivity reactions Periodic coagulation studies (PT and INR) should be done. Report signs such as petechiae, ecchymotic areas, epistaxis or other forms of unexplained bleeding. Assess for presence of phlebitis and pain upon administration of drug, as well as other side and

formation of of defective cell walls and cell death.

adverse effects - Assess for consistency of stools - Give tepid sponge bath if with fever, and antipyretic agents if fever persists - Keep patient thermo regulated by regulating room temperature, providing dry and warm blankets - Keep patient free from infection by advising visitors with cough, colds or other illnesses to temporarily keep away

from the patient, maintaining and aseptic technique in certain procedures to be done to the patient, performing proper hand washing before and after handling the patient and cleaning the patients room regularly.

Drug Name Generic: Mannitol Brand Name: Osmitrol Route: IV

Dose 1-2 g/kg as a 1520% solution administered for 60 minutes

Classificatio n Osmotic Diuretic

Mechanis m of Action Inhibiting the reabsorption of water and electrolytes (for relief of edema) and mobilizing fluids in the cerebral and ocular spaces (lowers intracranial or intraocular pressure).

Indication Edema, Increased Intracranial Pressure, Increased Intraocular Pressure

Contraindicatio n Dehydration

Side Effects Dehydratio n Anuria Intracranial bleeding Headache Blurred vision Nausea and vomiting Volume expansion Chest pain Pulmonary edema

NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
Monitored Vital signs Monitored Intake and output

Instructed about signs and symptoms of dehydration (e.g. poor skin turgor, dry skin, fever, thirst) and Signs of electrolyte Thirst imbalance/defi cit (e.g. Tachycardia muscular weakness, Hypokalemi paresthesia, a (increases numbness, the risk of confusion, digoxin tingling sensation of toxicity) extremity and excessive Chronic renal failure thirst).